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Soffa DR, Stewart JW, Pack ED, Arneson AG, De Vita R, Knight JW, Fausnacht DW, Rhoads RP, Clark SG, Schmale DG, Rhoads ML. Short-term consumption of the mycotoxin zearalenone by pubertal gilts causes persistent changes in the histoarchitecture of reproductive tissues. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skac421. [PMID: 36574505 PMCID: PMC9890450 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of zearalenone (ZEN) detrimentally affects tissues and systems throughout the body, and these deleterious effects are especially pronounced in swine. The objectives of this project were to determine the effects of short-term consumption of ZEN (at concentrations that could be found on-farm) on growth, carcass weight, liver weight, and reproductive tissues of pubertal gilts, and to determine if the effects are transient or persistent. Cross-bred gilts (107.25 ± 2.69 kg) were randomly assigned to one of three feed treatments: 1) solvent only for 21 d (CON; n = 10), 2) ZEN for 7 d followed by 14 d of solvent (ZEN-7; 6 mg/d; n = 10), and 3) ZEN for 21 d (ZEN-21; 6 mg/d; n = 10). Body weights were collected at the beginning and end of the experiment (189.1 ± 0.8 and 211.1 ± 0.8 d of age, respectively). Carcass weights and tissues were collected at harvest. There were no treatment-based differences in growth, carcass, liver, or reproductive tissue weights. Histological analyses revealed differences based on treatment and the interaction between treatment and luteal status. The thickness of the ampullary muscularis declined with ZEN exposure (P < 0.05), while the isthmic epithelial cell height (P < 0.01) and uterine endometrial thickness (P < 0.02) increased. Interestingly, the thickness of the isthmic muscularis, uterine myometrium, and epithelial cell height only differed in the presence of a corpus luteum. Uterine epithelial cell height in the luteal phase was lowest in ZEN-7 pigs (P < 0.01). The isthmic muscularis in the luteal phase was thinner in pigs from both ZEN treatments (P < 0.01). Conversely, the luteal-stage myometrium was thicker in pigs from both ZEN treatments (P < 0.01). The discovery of these tissue-based differences during the luteal phase is particularly concerning since this corresponds with the time when embryos would be affected by the functional competency of the oviduct and uterus. The results of this work demonstrate that short-term consumption of ZEN produces microscopic, but not macroscopic alterations in reproductive organs which are likely to have negative effects on their subsequent function and that these differences persist even after ZEN consumption ceases. Taken together, these results indicate that it is insufficient to rely solely on outwardly visible symptoms as indicators of zearalenone exposure, as detrimental effects on reproductive tissues were found in the absence of phenotypic and morphologic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dallas R Soffa
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Jacob W Stewart
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Erica D Pack
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Alicia G Arneson
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Raffaella De Vita
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - James W Knight
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Dane W Fausnacht
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Robert P Rhoads
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Sherrie G Clark
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Science, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - David G Schmale
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Michelle L Rhoads
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
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Chen J, Yang S, Li P, Wu A, Nepovimova E, Long M, Wu W, Kuca K. MicroRNA regulates the toxicological mechanism of four mycotoxins in vivo and in vitro. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:37. [PMID: 35197116 PMCID: PMC8867758 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins can cause body poisoning and induce carcinogenesis, often with a high mortality rate. Therefore, it is of great significance to seek new targets that indicate mycotoxin activity and to diagnose and intervene in mycotoxin-induced diseases in their early stages. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are physiological regulators whose dysregulation is closely related to the development of diseases. They are thus important markers for the occurrence and development of diseases. In this review, consideration is given to the toxicological mechanisms associated with four major mycotoxins (ochratoxin A, aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone). The roles that miRNAs play in these mechanisms and the interactions between them and their target genes are explained, and summarize the important role of histone modifications in their toxicity. As a result, the ways that miRNAs are regulated in the pathogenicity signaling pathways are revealed which highlights the roles played by miRNAs in preventing and controlling the harmful effects of the mycotoxins. It is hoped that this review will provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the damage caused by these mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Aibo Wu
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Miao Long
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Wenda Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic. .,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic. .,Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic.
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3
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Ghafari N, Paimard G, Sadeghi E, Choobkar N, Lalabadi M. Evaluation of nano-silica, microwave heating, and ultraviolet irradiation effects on zearalenone detoxification in sunflower oils. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2022. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2021.2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we report three methods of silica nanoparticles (SNPs) as adsorbent, ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, and microwave heating and evaluate their capabilities in reducing and eliminating zearalenone (ZEN). The offered method not only was used for ZEN detoxification, but also greatly enhanced the sensitivity of ZEN measurement. The aim of this study was to evaluate ZEN concentration in sunflower oil samples by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. This method was successfully validated for sunflower oil samples while the limit of detection (LOD) method (signal-to-noise ratio of 3:1) was 0.5 μg/l. The acquired removal data with the HPLC method through SNPs were fitted well with Freundlich isotherm, denoting that the multi-layer adsorption took place on the adsorbent. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of ZEN was 61.02 μg/g in an optimum time of 240 min on SNPs. The experimental results were evaluated by the adsorption kinetic model, which specified the adsorption kinetics of ZEN on SNPs, obeying the pseudo-second order model. This model demonstrated that the sorption rate depended on the sorption capacity but not the concentration of the sorbate. Moreover, the method presented to determine ZEN based on the use of SNPs in sunflower oil was accomplished by the adsorption process. Furthermore, the removal efficiencies of ZEN by SNPs, UV irradiation, and microwave heating were compared and obtained to be 92.1, 96.22, and 37.30%, respectively for determined times. These results confirm the removal efficiency of these methods is sensitive enough to ZEN analysis in sunflower oil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Ghafari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - G. Paimard
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - E. Sadeghi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - N. Choobkar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - M.A. Lalabadi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Wu F, Cui J, Yang X, Chen B. Effects of zearalenone on liver development, antioxidant capacity and inflammatory factors of prepubertal gilts. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:832-840. [PMID: 34494684 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is a kind of mycotoxin that pose great threat to the liver of human and livestock due to its toxicity to eukaryotic cells, however, its toxicity mechanism on prepubertal gilts liver development and function is not known. The study aimed to examine the effects of ZEA on liver development, antioxidant capacity and inflammatory factors of prepubertal gilts. Forty-eight prepubertal gilts (Landrace ×Yorkshire) were randomly divided into four groups: three treatment (T1, T2 and T3) groups and a control group. Prepubertal gilts in the control group were fed with basal diet, and those in T1, T2 and T3 groups were fed with basal diets supplemented with low, medium and high doses (200 μg/kg, 800 μg/kg and 1,600 μg/kg, respectively) of ZEA during the experiment period. The results showed that diets supplemented with ZEA significantly increased the activity of alanine aminotransferase of serum in the T3 group (p < 0.05). Besides, compared to the control group, the activities of total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, the content of tumour necrosis factor-alpha of liver in the T3 group and the relative expression level of manganese-superoxide dismutase mRNA of liver in the T2 group were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). We also performed correlation analysis among caecal microorganisms and antioxidant enzyme activities and inflammatory factor concentrations of liver. In conclusion, diets supplemented with ZEA has no obvious effect on liver development, but it can cause liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jia Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Baojiang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Kinkade CW, Rivera-Núñez Z, Gorcyzca L, Aleksunes LM, Barrett ES. Impact of Fusarium-Derived Mycoestrogens on Female Reproduction: A Systematic Review. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13060373. [PMID: 34073731 PMCID: PMC8225184 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13060373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Contamination of the world’s food supply and animal feed with mycotoxins is a growing concern as global temperatures rise and promote the growth of fungus. Zearalenone (ZEN), an estrogenic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium fungi, is a common contaminant of cereal grains and has also been detected at lower levels in meat, milk, and spices. ZEN’s synthetic derivative, zeranol, is used as a growth promoter in United States (US) and Canadian beef production. Experimental research suggests that ZEN and zeranol disrupt the endocrine and reproductive systems, leading to infertility, polycystic ovarian syndrome-like phenotypes, pregnancy loss, and low birth weight. With widespread human dietary exposure and growing experimental evidence of endocrine-disrupting properties, a comprehensive review of the impact of ZEN, zeranol, and their metabolites on the female reproductive system is warranted. The objective of this systematic review was to summarize the in vitro, in vivo, and epidemiological literature and evaluate the potential impact of ZEN, zeranol, and their metabolites (commonly referred to as mycoestrogens) on female reproductive outcomes. We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO registration CRD42020166469) of the literature (2000–2020) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The data sources were primary literature published in English obtained from searching PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. The ToxR tool was applied to assess risk of bias. In vitro and in vivo studies (n = 104) were identified and, overall, evidence consistently supported adverse effects of mycoestrogens on physiological processes, organs, and tissues associated with female reproduction. In non-pregnant animals, mycoestrogens alter follicular profiles in the ovary, disrupt estrus cycling, and increase myometrium thickness. Furthermore, during pregnancy, mycoestrogen exposure contributes to placental hemorrhage, stillbirth, and impaired fetal growth. No epidemiological studies fitting the inclusion criteria were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn W. Kinkade
- Joint Graduate Program in Exposure Science, Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (Z.R.-N.); (L.M.A.)
- Correspondence: (C.W.K.); (E.S.B.)
| | - Zorimar Rivera-Núñez
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (Z.R.-N.); (L.M.A.)
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ludwik Gorcyzca
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08554, USA;
| | - Lauren M. Aleksunes
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (Z.R.-N.); (L.M.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Emily S. Barrett
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (Z.R.-N.); (L.M.A.)
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Correspondence: (C.W.K.); (E.S.B.)
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6
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Recent advances in detoxification strategies for zearalenone contamination in food and feed. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ben Salah-Abbès J, Belgacem H, Ezzdini K, Abdel-Wahhab MA, Abbès S. Zearalenone nephrotoxicity: DNA fragmentation, apoptotic gene expression and oxidative stress protected by Lactobacillus plantarum MON03. Toxicon 2019; 175:28-35. [PMID: 31830485 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to determine the abilities of the living Lactobacillus plantarum MON03 cells to degrade Zearalenone (ZEN) in liquid medium, and to elucidate the preventive effect in ZEN-contaminated balb/c mice showing kidney damage. The DNA fragmentation, Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression, caspase-3 activity, mRNA level of inflammation-regulating cytokines and histology of kidney tissues were examined. Female Balb/c mice were divided into four groups (10/group) and treated daily for 2 wk by oral gavage with lactic acid bacteria (L. plantarum MON03) 2 × 109 CFU/L, ~2 mg/kg only, ZEN (40 mg/kg BW) only, ZEN (40 mg/kg BW) + lactic acid bacteria (L. plantarum MON03, 2 × 109 CFU/L, ~2 mg/kg). Control group received vehicle. At the end of experiment, the kidney was collected for the determination of DNA fragmentation, Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression,caspase-3 activity, Malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) content, as well as for any alterations in expression of total antioxidant activity (TAC) and mRNA levels of inflammation-regulating cytokines (e.g., IL-10, IL-6, TNF-alpha). The results indicated that, kidney cells exposure to ZEN led to increased caspase-3 activity, MDA, and IL-10, IL-6, TNF-alpha and Bax mRNA levels, but decreased TAC content and down-regulated expression of GSH-Px and CAT and Bcl-2 mRNA. Co-treatment with ZEN plus LP suppressed the levels of DNA fragmentation; normalized kidney MDA and increased CAT levels, up-regulated expression of GSH-Px and CAT, and normalized mRNA levels of the analyzed cytokines. It's concluded that ZEN might have toxic effects in kidney. Further, it can be seen that use of LP induced protective effects against the oxidative stress and kidney toxicity of ZEN in part through adhesion (and so likely diminished bioavailability).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalila Ben Salah-Abbès
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-resources Valorisation, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hela Belgacem
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-resources Valorisation, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Khawla Ezzdini
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-resources Valorisation, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir Abbès
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-resources Valorisation, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Béja, University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia.
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Chen Y, Cheng Y, Wen C, Wang W, Kang Y, Wang A, Zhou Y. The protective effects of modified palygorskite on the broilers fed a purified zearalenone-contaminated diet. Poult Sci 2019; 98:3802-3810. [PMID: 30839081 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of dietary modified palygorskite (Pal) supplementation on broiler chickens fed a purified zearalenone (ZEN)-contaminated diet. A total of 144 1-day-old male chicks were allocated to one of the 3 treatments, with each treatment being composed of 6 replicates of 8 birds each. The birds were fed with a control diet (Control group), the ZEN-contaminated diet (2.0 mg ZEN/kg diet), and the ZEN-contaminated diet supplemented with 1.0 g/kg diet of modified Pal for 42 d, respectively. Compared with control group, feeding ZEN-contaminated diet reduced weight gain and feed conversion efficiency of broilers during the finisher and overall experimental period (P < 0.05), while the values of these parameters in broilers fed the diet contaminated with ZEN increased after modified Pal administration (P < 0.05). ZEN challenge increased the 21-d serum aspartate aminotransferase and 42-d serum alanine aminotransferase activities, 42-d relative liver weight, and ZEN residues in the liver at both 21 and 42 d and kidney at 42 d (P < 0.05). In contrast, birds fed the ZEN-contaminated diet that was supplemented with modified Pal exhibited lower serum alanine aminotransferase activity at 42 d, relative liver weight at 42 d, and hepatic and renal ZEN accumulation at both 21 and 42 d (P < 0.05), when compared with their counterparts fed the contaminated diet. ZEN contamination decreased superoxide dismutase activity in the serum at 21 d, kidney at 42 d, and liver at both 21 and 42 d, respectively (P < 0.05). The hepatic and renal malondialdehyde accumulation at 42 d increased, while renal glutathione level at 42 d decreased, when feeding broilers with the ZEN-contaminated diet (P < 0.05). Dietary modified Pal supplementation reduced hepatic malondialdehyde accumulation, whereas increased renal superoxide dismutase activity in broilers fed a ZEN-contaminated diet at 42 d (P < 0.05). This finding suggested that dietary modified Pal administration could promote growth performance, reduce hepatonephric ZEN residues, and improve liver function and antioxidant status of broiler chickens receiving a ZEN-contaminated diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueping Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.,Postdoctoral Research Station of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yefei Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.,R&D Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuru Kang
- Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.,R&D Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- Center of Eco-material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.,R&D Center of Xuyi Palygorskite Applied Technology, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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Rejeb R, Antonissen G, De Boevre M, Detavernier C, Van de Velde M, De Saeger S, Ducatelle R, Hadj Ayed M, Ghorbal A. Calcination Enhances the Aflatoxin and Zearalenone Binding Efficiency of a Tunisian Clay. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E602. [PMID: 31623143 PMCID: PMC6832999 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11100602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Clays are known to have promising adsorbing characteristics, and are used as feed additives to overcome the negative effects of mycotoxicosis in livestock farming. Modification of clay minerals by heat treatment, also called calcination, can alter their adsorption characteristics. Little information, however, is available on the effect of calcination with respect to mycotoxin binding. The purpose of this study was to characterize a Tunisian clay before and after calcination (at 550 °C), and to investigate the effectiveness of the thermal treatment of this clay on its aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), G1 (AFG1), B2 (AFB2), G2 (AFG2), and zearalenone (ZEN) adsorption capacity. Firstly, the purified clay (CP) and calcined clay (CC) were characterized with X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-IR), cation exchange capacity (CEC), specific surface area (SBET), and point of zero charge (pHPZC) measurements. Secondly, an in vitro model that simulated the pH conditions of the monogastric gastrointestinal tract was used to evaluate the binding efficiency of the tested clays when artificially mixed with aflatoxins and zearalenone. The tested clay consisted mainly of smectite and illite. Purified and calcined clay had similar chemical compositions. After heat treatment, however, some changes in the mineralogical and textural properties were observed. The calcination decreased the cation exchange capacity and the specific surface, whereas the pore size was increased. Both purified and calcined clay had a binding efficacy of over 90% for AFB1 under simulated poultry GI tract conditions. Heat treatment of the clay increased the adsorption of AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2 related to the increase in pore size of the clay by the calcination process. ZEN adsorption also increased by calcination, albeit to a more stable level at pH 3 rather than at pH 7. In conclusion, calcination of clay minerals enhanced the adsorption of aflatoxins and mostly of AFG1 and AFG2 at neutral pH of the gastrointestinal tract, and thus are associated with protection against the toxic effects of aflatoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roua Rejeb
- Université de Sousse, Institut Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, LR18AG01, ISA-CM-BP, 47, Sousse 4042, Tunisia;
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (G.A.); (R.D.)
| | - Gunther Antonissen
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (G.A.); (R.D.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Marthe De Boevre
- Department of Bioanalysis, Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.D.B.); (C.D.); (M.V.d.V.)
| | - Christ’l Detavernier
- Department of Bioanalysis, Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.D.B.); (C.D.); (M.V.d.V.)
| | - Mario Van de Velde
- Department of Bioanalysis, Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.D.B.); (C.D.); (M.V.d.V.)
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Department of Bioanalysis, Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (M.D.B.); (C.D.); (M.V.d.V.)
| | - Richard Ducatelle
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (G.A.); (R.D.)
| | - Madiha Hadj Ayed
- Université de Sousse, Institut Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, LR18AG01, ISA-CM-BP, 47, Sousse 4042, Tunisia;
| | - Achraf Ghorbal
- Research Laboratory LR18ES33, National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, Avenue Omar Ibn El Khattab, Gabes 6029, Tunisia;
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Prapapanpong J, Udomkusonsri P, Mahavorasirikul W, Choochuay S, Tansakul N. In vitro studies on gastrointestinal monogastric and avian models to evaluate the binding efficacy of mycotoxin adsorbents by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2019; 6:125-132. [PMID: 31453181 PMCID: PMC6702928 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2019.f322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is evaluating the efficacies of 11 mycotoxin adsorbent products, marketed in South East Asia. Three prominently occurring mycotoxins; aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone (ZEN) were simultaneously spiked into the samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples were simultaneously tested in vitro in phosphate buffer and simulated at different pH conditions in the gastrointestinal tracts of the porcine and avian model, analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS All mycotoxin adsorbent products had high efficacy at over 90% for AFB1 adsorption in both GI porcine and avian models. AFB1 could be adsorbed more in acidic condition than the basic condition. ZEN adsorption was determined to be more stable at pH 3 than pH 6.5 or 8.4, in which pH condition might influence on ZEN desorption rate. DON was poorly adsorbed by all tested agents. CONCLUSIONS The finding showed that the adsorption rate varied depending on the type of adsorbent. Our results might provide useful information regarding the efficacy of mycotoxin adsorbents commercially marketed in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutamas Prapapanpong
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pareeya Udomkusonsri
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wiratchanee Mahavorasirikul
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology,Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12121, Thailand
| | - Sasiprapa Choochuay
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthasit Tansakul
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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11
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Fu G, Wang L, Li L, Liu J, Liu S, Zhao X. Bacillus licheniformis CK1 alleviates the toxic effects of zearalenone in feed on weaned female Tibetan piglets. J Anim Sci 2019; 96:4471-4480. [PMID: 30169611 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is widely present in feedstuffs and raw materials, causing reproductive disorders in animals. In this study, Bacillus licheniformis CK1 was used to detoxify ZEA in feed for alleviating its effect in Tibetan piglets. A total of 18 weaned female Tibetan piglets were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (Control, ZEA-free basal diet); treatment group 1 (T1, ZEA-contaminated diet); and treatment group 2 (T2, ZEA-contaminated but pre-fermented by CK1 diet). There were no significant differences of average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency (FE) among the 3 groups (P > 0.05). The T1 treatment significantly increased the vulva size and relative weight of the reproductive organ (P < 0.05), compared with the Control. However, the T2 treatment caused a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in vulva size and relative weight of the reproductive organ compared with the T1 group. The levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone (P), and estradiol (E2) in the T1 group were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those in the Control, while the levels of LH, P, and E2 in the T2 group were significantly greater (P < 0.05) than those in the T1 group. Zearalenone significantly increased (P < 0.05) the expression of estrogen receptor α in uterus and ovary and estrogen receptor β in vagina, while these indicators were not significant different (P > 0.05) between the T2 group and the Control group. In comparison with the Control group, ZEA significantly increased (P < 0.05) expression of several ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters: ABCB1 and ABCb4 in the vagina, ABCA1 and ABCb4 in the uterus, and ABCB1, ABCb4, ABCD3, and ABCG2 in the ovary, while these transporters in the T2 group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared with the T1 group. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that B. licheniformis CK1 could alleviate the harmful effect of ZEA in Tibetan piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Long Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jeruei Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suozhu Liu
- College of Animal Science, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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12
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Yang LJ, Zhou M, Huang LB, Yang WR, Yang ZB, Jiang SZ, Ge JS. Zearalenone-Promoted Follicle Growth through Modulation of Wnt-1/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway and Expression of Estrogen Receptor Genes in Ovaries of Postweaning Piglets. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:7899-7906. [PMID: 29986586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Feedstuffs are severely contaminated by zearalenone (ZEA) worldwide. A specific dietary level of ZEA could cause malformations of the reproductive organs of sows, false estrus, decreased litter size, and abortion. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not clear. The objectives of the present study were to assess the effects of ZEA on morphology, distribution, and expression of estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) in the ovaries of postweaning piglets. Furthermore, the relationship between ERs/glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β-dependent pathways mediated by ZEA and the Wnt-1/β-catenin signaling pathway was examined. Forty healthy weaning piglets were allocated to the following four treatment groups: piglets fed with basal diet only (control), and ZEA0.5, ZEA1.0, and ZEA1.5, which were fed basal diets supplemented with ZEA at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg·kg-1, respectively. Then, the expression of GSK-3β, ERα, ERβ, and Wnt-1/β-catenin were examined histomorphologically and immunohistochemically. Results showed that the proportion of primordial follicles (PrF's) decreased ( p < 0.001) but that of atretic primordial follicles (APFs) increased ( p < 0.001) with increasing dietary ZEA levels. More interestingly, the immunopositivity of ERβ in the ovaries was stronger than that of ERα with the same treatment. The relative mRNA and protein expression levels of ERα, ERβ, Wnt-1, β-catenin, and GSK-3β in the ovaries of postweaning gilts increased linearly ( p < 0.05) as dietary ZEA concentrations increased. Moreover, the accumulation of Wnt-1 and β-catenin in the ovaries indicated that ZEA activated the Wnt-1/β-catenin pathway, mediated by ERs/GSK-3β. Our results strongly suggested that ovarian follicles in the ZEA (0.5-1.5 mg·kg-1)-treated groups were highly proliferative state, indicating that ZEA promoted ovarian development. The results also suggested that ZEA activates the ERs/GSK-3β-dependent Wnt-1/β-catenin signaling pathway, indicating its important role in accelerating development of the ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Yang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention , Shandong Agricultural University , No. 61 Daizong Street , Taian City , Shandong Province 271018 , P.R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention , Shandong Agricultural University , No. 61 Daizong Street , Taian City , Shandong Province 271018 , P.R. China
| | - Li-Bo Huang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention , Shandong Agricultural University , No. 61 Daizong Street , Taian City , Shandong Province 271018 , P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ren Yang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention , Shandong Agricultural University , No. 61 Daizong Street , Taian City , Shandong Province 271018 , P.R. China
| | - Zai-Bin Yang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention , Shandong Agricultural University , No. 61 Daizong Street , Taian City , Shandong Province 271018 , P.R. China
| | - Shu-Zhen Jiang
- Department of Animal Sciences and Technology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention , Shandong Agricultural University , No. 61 Daizong Street , Taian City , Shandong Province 271018 , P.R. China
| | - Jin-Shan Ge
- Shandong Zhongcheng Feed Technology Co., Ltd. , No. 226 Gongye 2 Road , Feicheng City , Shandong Province 271600 , P.R. China
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13
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Chang S, Su Y, Sun Y, Meng X, Shi B, Shan A. Response of the nuclear receptors PXR and CAR and their target gene mRNA expression in female piglets exposed to zearalenone. Toxicon 2018; 151:111-118. [PMID: 30017994 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted to determine the effects of zearalenone (ZEN) on the mRNA expression of pregnane X receptor (PXR), constitutive and rostane receptor (CAR), and phase I and II enzymes as well as the toxicity in the liver of female weanling piglets. Thirty-two female weanling piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Large white, 12.27 ± 0.30 kg)were divided into four groups (n = 8 piglets/group) that were supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5, 1 or 2 mg/kg ZEN. The trial period lasted for 28 d. The results showed that the ZEN supplementation in the diets (0.5-2 mg/kg) had no effect on growth performance but dose-dependently increased serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanineaminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-glutamyltransferase activities (P < 0.05). The ZEN residue in the liver (P < 0.01) was also linearly and dose-dependently increased. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of PXR, CAR, phase I enzymes (i.e., cyp2e1, cyp3a5, cyp2a6, cyp1a1, and cyp1a2), and phase II enzymes (i.e., gsta1, gsta2, ugt1a3) significantly increased linearly in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). However, the spleen relative weight and the glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver (P < 0.05) linearly decreased as the dietary ZEN concentration increased; the mRNA expression of the nuclear receptors PXR and CAR is responsive to ZEN in female piglets, and ZEN increases the mRNA expression of their target genes. This finding shows that the nuclear receptor signaling system plays an important role in the defense against ZEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Chang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Yang Su
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Yuchen Sun
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Baoming Shi
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Anshan Shan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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14
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Comparative Analysis of Zearalenone Effects on Thyroid Receptor Alpha (TRα) and Beta (TRβ) Expression in Rat Primary Cerebellar Cell Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051440. [PMID: 29751674 PMCID: PMC5983839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid receptors play an important role in postnatal brain development. Zearalenone (ZEN), a major mycotoxin of Fusarium fungi, is well known to cause serious health problems in animals and humans through various mechanisms, including the physiological pathways of thyroid hormone (TH). In the present study, we aimed to investigate the expression of thyroid receptors α (TRα) and β (TRβ) in primary cerebellar neurons in the presence or absence of glia and following ZEN treatment, using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Primary cerebellar granule cells were treated with low doses of ZEN (0.1 nM) in combination with physiologically relevant concentrations of l-thyroxine (T4), 3,3′,5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3) and 17β-estradiol (E2). Expression levels of TRα and TRβ at mRNA and protein levels were slightly modified by ZEN administered alone; however, along with thyroid and steroid hormones, modelling the physiological conditions, expression levels of TRs varied highly depending on the given treatment. Gene expression levels were also highly modulated by the presence or absence of glial cells, with mostly contrasting effects. Our results demonstrate divergent transcriptional and translational mechanisms involved in the expression of TRs implied by ZEN and hormonal milieu, as well as culturing conditions.
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15
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Long M, Yang S, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Li P, Guo Y, Wang Y, Chen X, He J. The Influence of Selenium Yeast on Hematological, Biochemical and Reproductive Hormone Level Changes in Kunming Mice Following Acute Exposure to Zearalenone. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 174:362-368. [PMID: 27147431 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0725-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Healthy male Kunming mice received selenium yeast for 14 days prior to a single oral administration of zearalenone (ZEN). After 48 h, blood samples were collected for analysis and showed that mice in the ZEN-treated group has significantly decreased lymphocytes (P < 0.05) and platelets (P < 0.05) along with an increased white blood cell (WBC) count and other constituents (P < 0.05). The serum biochemistry analysis of the ZEN group indicated that glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), urea, and uric acid were significantly increased (P < 0.05), whilst total bilirubin (TB) and albumin (ALB) were decreased along with serum testosterone and estrogen (P < 0. 05). The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum of the ZEN group was significantly increased whilst glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) had significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Treatment with selenium yeast had a significant effect on response with most of the experimental parameters returning to levels similar to those observed in the untreated control mice. From these data, it can be concluded that ZEN is highly poisonous in Kunming mice with high levels of toxicity on the blood, liver, and kidneys. High levels of oxidative stress were observed in mice and pre-treatment with selenium yeast by oral gavage is effective in the ameliorated effects of ZEN-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Long
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Wenkui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Xinliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Jianbin He
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161, China.
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16
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Denli M, Blandon JC, Salado S, Guynot ME, Pérez JF. Effect of dietary zearalenone on the performance, reproduction tract and serum biochemistry in young rats. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2016.1251929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffer Denli
- Department of Animal Science, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Juan Carlos Blandon
- Department of Animal Science, Politécnico Colombiano JIC University, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Silvia Salado
- Adiveter, S. L. Pol. Ind. Agro-Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Jose Francisco Pérez
- Department of Animal and Food Science, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Effect of Degradation of Zearalenone-Contaminated Feed by Bacillus licheniformis CK1 on Postweaning Female Piglets. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8100300. [PMID: 27763510 PMCID: PMC5086660 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA), an estrogenic mycotoxin, is mainly produced by Fusarium fungi. In this study, Bacillus licheniformis CK1 isolated from soil with the capability of degrading ZEA was evaluated for its efficacy in reducing the adverse effects of ZEA in piglets. The gilts were fed one of the following three diets for 14 days: a basic diet for the control group; the basic diet supplemented with ZEA-contaminated basic diet for the treatment 1 (T1) group; and the basic diet supplemented with fermented ZEA-contaminated basic diet by CK1 for the treatment 2 (T2) group. The actual ZEA contents (analyzed) were 0, 1.20 ± 0.11, 0.47 ± 0.22 mg/kg for the control, T1, and T2 diets, respectively. The results showed that the T1 group had significantly increased the size of vulva and the relative weight of reproductive organs compared to the control group at the end of the trial. The T1 group significantly decreased the concentration of the luteinizing hormone (LH) compared with the control and T2 groups. Expression of ERβ was significantly up-regulated in the T2 group compared with the control. In addition, expression of ERβ was not different between the control and the T1 group. In summary, our results suggest that Bacillus licheniformis CK1 could detoxify ZEA in feed and reduce the adverse effects of ZEA in the gilts.
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Dai M, Jiang S, Yuan X, Yang W, Yang Z, Huang L. Effects of zearalenone-diet on expression of ghrelin and PCNA genes in ovaries of post-weaning piglets. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 168:126-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Denli M, Blandon JC, Salado S, Guynot ME, Casas J, Pérez JF. Efficacy of AdiDetox™ in reducing the toxicity of fumonisin B1 in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 78:60-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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