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Capasso M, Califano G, Caracciolo F, Caso D. Only the best for my kids: An extended TPB model to understand mothers' use of food labels. Appetite 2023; 191:107040. [PMID: 37730151 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite the evidence that mothers' food purchasing behavior impacts the quality of children's diet, few studies have explored psycho-social factors influencing how mothers choose the food to buy for their children. To fill this gap, this study tested an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) model to predict mothers' tendency to seek information on food labels before purchasing food for children. Participants included 311 Italian mothers who completed a self-report questionnaire measuring their information-seeking behavior, TPB variables, anticipated regret and healthy-eater identity. Results from a Multiple Correspondence Analysis showed that mothers' information-seeking behavior involved a continuum of choices ranging from selecting conventional or prepackaged foods to choosing to read the food label before making a purchase. Besides, a Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling analysis showed that information-seeking behavior was positively predicted by intention (β = 0.309, p < 0.001) and healthy-eater identity (β = 0.195, p < 0.001). In turn, intention was positively affected by attitude (β = 0.208, p < 0.001), subjective norms (β = 0.155, p < 0.01), perceived behavioral control (β = 0.124, p < 0.05), anticipated regret (β = 0.193, p < 0.001), and healthy-eater identity (β = 0.191, p < 0.001). These findings emphasize that future initiatives could usefully target attitude, anticipated regret and self-identity to encourage mothers' informed food choices for their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Capasso
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Caracciolo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Caso
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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López-Morago C, Domínguez-Riscart J, García-Zarzuela A, Lechuga-Sancho AM. Impact of Parental Food Choices on Nutritional and Metabolic Status of Children with Type 1 Diabetes. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101969. [PMID: 37238787 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Parents play a key role in what their children eat. The Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ) has been used elsewhere to assess the dietary motivations of parents of healthy children, but not for parents of children with chronic diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of our research was to evaluate the associations between parental food choice motivations and the nutritional status and glycemic control of children with T1D. A cross-sectional observational study of children aged 5 to 16 years with T1D attending the Pediatric Endocrinology Unit of Puerta del Mar University Hospital in Cádiz (Spain) was performed. Demographic, anthropometric and clinical data, including glycated hemoglobin, were collected. The FCQ in Spanish was conducted to assess the eating behaviors of the main caregivers of children with T1D. Significance was established at the level of p-value < 0.05. In total, 85 children with T1D (female 56.5%, age 12.07 ± 2.93 years, HbA1c 7.29 ± 0.77%) were recruited. Of these children, 31.3% showed HbA1c levels of <7.0% and 44.9% had a TIR >70%. A significant positive correlation was found between Hb1Ac and "familiarity" (R: +0.233). Anthropometric measures (weight, BMI, skinfolds and body circumferences) showed significant positive correlations with "sensory appeal" and "price". Parents' eating behaviors influence the nutritional status of their children with T1D and their glycemic control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia López-Morago
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBiCA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Jesús Domínguez-Riscart
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBiCA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Pediatric Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Ana García-Zarzuela
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBiCA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Pediatric Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Alfonso María Lechuga-Sancho
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBiCA), 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Pediatric Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Mother and Child Health and Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cadiz University, 11001 Cadiz, Spain
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Graf MD, Wasser H, Lynn MR, Karp SM, Lutenbacher M, Hodges EA. Adaptation and psychometric testing of the infant food choice questionnaire. Appetite 2023; 186:106548. [PMID: 36977445 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Complementary feeding practices (CFPs) are associated with health outcomes (e.g., obesity and food allergies). Understanding how parents select foods for their infant is limited. This study's purpose was to develop a psychometrically sound measure of parents' food selection motives for their infant during the complementary feeding period. METHODS Development and testing of the Infant Food Choice Questionnaire (IFCQ) occurred in three phases. English-speaking, U.S. mothers of healthy infants, aged 6-19 months old participated in a semi-structured, face-to-face interview (Phase 1) or a web-based survey (Phases 2 & 3). Phase 1 was a qualitative study of maternal beliefs and motives surrounding complementary feeding. Phase 2 involved adaptation and exploratory factor analysis of the original Food Choice Questionnaire(Steptoe et al., 1995). Phase 3 involved validity testing of the relationships among IFCQ factors and CFPs (timing/type of complementary food introduction, frequency of feeding method, usual texture intake, and allergenic food introduction) using bivariate analyses, and multiple linear and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Mean maternal age was 30.4 years and infant age was 14.1 months (n = 381). The final structure of the IFCQ included 30 items and 7 factors: Behavioral Influence, Health Promotion, Ingredients, Affordability, Sensory Appeal, Convenience, and Perceived Threats (Cronbach's α = 0.68-0.83). Associations of factors with CFPs supported construct validity. DISCUSSION The IFCQ demonstrated strong initial psychometric properties in a sample of mothers from the U.S. Mothers who rated Behavioral Influence as more important were more likely to report suboptimal CFPs (e.g., earlier than recommended complementary food introduction, delayed allergenic food introduction, and prolonged use of spoon-feeding). Additional psychometric testing in a larger, more heterogenous sample is needed, along with examination of relationships between IFCQ factors and health outcomes.
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Vidal L, Iragola V, Machín L, Brunet G, Girona A, Curutchet MR, de León C, Ares G. A Qualitative Exploration of Parents' Food Choices During Early Childhood. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 54:764-775. [PMID: 35643750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore parents' accounts of the goals they seek when choosing foods for their young children through the lens of goal-systems theory. DESIGN In-depth interviews with parents of children aged from 6 months to 5 years. SETTING Montevideo, Uruguay. PARTICIPANTS Forty-two parents (aged 19-44 years, 90% female). PHENOMENON OF INTEREST Parents' personal experiences, feelings, and opinions related to how they choose foods for their children. ANALYSIS Content analysis based on deductive-inductive coding. RESULTS Parents' accounts confirmed they intended to pursue different goals when choosing foods for their children. Health-related goals mainly motivated the selection of healthy foods, but they also drove the selection of some ultra-processed products because of misconceptions about their healthiness. Pleasure and enjoyment motivated the selection of ultra-processed products, whereas stress avoidance was associated with selecting convenient foods. The selection of unhealthy foods raised conflicts between goals, which were solved using goal shielding, changes in risk perception and/or compensatory health beliefs. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Results point to the need for communication campaigns and community-based interventions to introduce changes in how ultra-processed products are conceptualized and increase the associations between healthy foods and children's pleasure and enjoyment to promote healthier eating patterns during infancy and early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Vidal
- Sensometrics and Consumer Science, Instituto Polo Tecnológico de Pando, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Canelones, Uruguay.
| | - Valentina Iragola
- Espacio Interdisciplinario, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Leandro Machín
- Centro de Investigación Básica en Psicología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gerónimo Brunet
- Espacio Interdisciplinario, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alejandra Girona
- Departamento de Nutrición Básica, Escuela de Nutrición, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Rosa Curutchet
- Instituto Nacional de Alimentación, Ministerio de Desarrollo Social, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carolina de León
- Núcleo Interdisciplinario "Alimentación y Bienestar", Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gastón Ares
- Sensometrics and Consumer Science, Instituto Polo Tecnológico de Pando, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Canelones, Uruguay
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Mazza M, Morseth M, Torheim LE. Association between parental feeding practices and children's dietary intake: a cross-sectional study in the Gardermoen Region, Norway. Food Nutr Res 2022; 66:8050. [PMID: 35382380 PMCID: PMC8941406 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v66.8050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parental feeding practices may be important determinants for children’s diets. In Norway, few studies have assessed this association and to our knowledge, no studies have included fish as an outcome. Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the association between multiple parental feeding practices and children’s food intake. Design Parents (n = 111) of preschool children aged 1–5 years in the Gardermoen Region in Norway were recruited. The parents completed a web–based questionnaire regarding the use of 12 feeding practices measured by the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ). Children’s weekly food intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The association between parental feeding practices and food intake was assessed by logistic regression. Results The feeding practices involvement and environment increased the likelihood of children having a higher intake of fruit and berries (OR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.15, 3.44 and OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.17, 3.78, respectively) when controlling for potential confounders. A positive association was found between the feeding practice environment and the children’s intake of vegetables (OR = 2.94, CI = 1.55, 5.55), and between modeling and intake of vegetables (OR = 2.14, CI = 1.26, 3.63). Also, the feeding practice encourage balance and variety increased the likelihood of a higher consumption of vegetables (OR = 5.18, CI = 1.63, 16.5). Parents who more frequently encouraged the child to eat balanced and varied were more likely to have children with a higher consumption of fish (OR = 5.03, CI = 1.62, 15.7). If parents used more restriction for weight, the child was less likely to have a high SSB consumption (OR = 0.43, CI = 0.22, 0.83). Conclusion Findings suggest that children’s intake of the favorite food item groups, fruit and berries, vegetables and fish, was associated with the use of positive feeding practices, such as involvement, environment, modeling and encouragement. For unfavorable food groups, only restriction for weight was negatively associated with SSB consumption. Findings should be interpreted carefully due to the relatively small sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Mazza
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Morseth
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Liv Elin Torheim
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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Røed M, Medin AC, Vik FN, Hillesund ER, Van Lippevelde W, Campbell K, Øverby NC. Effect of a Parent-Focused eHealth Intervention on Children's Fruit, Vegetable, and Discretionary Food Intake (Food4toddlers): Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e18311. [PMID: 33591279 PMCID: PMC7925157 DOI: 10.2196/18311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In Western countries, children’s diets are often low in fruits and vegetables and high in discretionary foods. Diet in early life tends to track through childhood and youth and even into adulthood. Interventions should, therefore, be delivered in periods when habitual traits are established, as in toddlerhood when children adapt to their family’s diet. Objective In this study, we assessed the effect of the Food4toddlers eHealth intervention, which aimed to enhance toddlers’ diets by shaping their food and eating environment. Methods The Food4toddlers randomized controlled trial was conducted in Norway in 2017-2018. Parent-child dyads were recruited through social media. In total, 298 parents completed an online questionnaire at baseline (mean child age 10.9 months, SD 1.2). Postintervention questionnaires were completed immediately after the intervention (ie, follow-up 1; mean child age 17.8 months, SD 1.3) and 6 months after the intervention (ie, follow-up 2; mean child age 24.2 months, SD 1.9). The intervention was guided by social cognitive theory, which targets the linked relationship between the person, the behavior, and the environment. The intervention group (148/298, 49.7%) got access to the Food4toddlers website for 6 months from baseline. The website included information on diet and on how to create a healthy food and eating environment as well as activities, recipes, and collaboration opportunities. To assess intervention effects on child diet from baseline to follow-up 1 and from baseline to follow-up 2, we used generalized estimating equations and a time × group interaction term. Between-group differences in changes over time for frequency and variety of fruits and vegetables and frequency of discretionary foods were assessed. Results At follow-up 1, a significant time × group interaction was observed for the frequency of vegetable intake (P=.02). The difference between groups in the change from baseline to follow-up 1 was 0.46 vegetable items per day (95% CI 0.06-0.86) in favor of the intervention group. No other significant between-group differences in dietary changes from baseline to follow-up 1 or follow-up 2 were observed. However, there is a clear time trend showing that the intake of discretionary foods increases by time from less than 1 item per week at baseline to more than 4 items per week at 2 years of age (P<.001), regardless of group. Conclusions A positive intervention effect was observed for the frequency of vegetable intake at follow-up 1 but not at follow-up 2. No other between-group effects on diet were observed. eHealth interventions of longer duration, including reminders after the main content of the intervention has been delivered, may be needed to obtain long-terms effects, along with tailoring in a digital or a personal form. Trial Registration International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 92980420; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN92980420
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Affiliation(s)
- Margrethe Røed
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Anine C Medin
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Frøydis N Vik
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Elisabet R Hillesund
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Wendy Van Lippevelde
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.,Department of Marketing, Innovation and Organisation, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karen Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Nina C Øverby
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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