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Ma C, Li H, Lu S, Li X, Wang S, Wang W. Ocular Lesions in Brucella Infection: A Review of the Literature. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:7601-7617. [PMID: 36579126 PMCID: PMC9791996 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s394497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular lesions due to Brucella infection are uncommon and easily overlooked in clinical management, but must be differentiated from non-infectious eye diseases and treated promptly to protect the patient's vision. We reviewed the relevant literature and identified 47 patients with ocular complications of Brucella infection. Among them, 28 showed ocular neuropathy, 15 presented with uveitis, and four patients displayed other ocular symptoms. Ocular symptoms accompanying Brucella infection require prompt diagnosis and treatment. The main methods of diagnosis are intraocular fluid tests and blood tests. Early diagnosis and treatment with suitable antibiotics are central to protecting the patient's vision. Notably, in terms of mechanism of injury, Brucella infection is chronic and cannot be eliminated by phagocytes, and can cause damage to the eye by inducing autoimmune reactions, antigen-antibody complex production, release of endogenous and exogenous toxins, and bacterial production of septic thrombi in the tissues. In this review, we summarize the ocular symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of Brucella infection, and discuss the mechanisms of Brucella in ocular lesions, providing a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of Brucella ocular lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China,Hunan Clinical Research Centre of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuwen Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian Li
- Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, England,School of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester, England
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Wenzhan Wang, Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 371-66278091, Email
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Calik M, Iscan A, Gul M, Derme T, Cece H, Torun MF. Severe neurobrucellosis in a young infant. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2012; 114:1046-8. [PMID: 22425369 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2012.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Calik
- Harran University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
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4
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Neurobrucellosis: clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic features and outcome. Unusual clinical presentations in an endemic region. Braz J Infect Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1413-8670(11)70140-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Miguel PS, Fernández G, Vasallo FJ, Hortas M, Lorenzo JR, Rodríguez I, Ortiz-Rey JA, Antón I. Neurobrucellosis mimicking cerebral tumor: case report and literature review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2006; 108:404-6. [PMID: 16644407 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2004.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2004] [Revised: 12/15/2004] [Accepted: 12/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We are reporting a case of neurobrucellosis that was clinically and radiologically indistinguishable from a cerebral tumor. The histological diagnosis was granulomatous encephalitis. The diagnosis was established by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), detecting high levels of Ig G and Ig M Brucella antibodies in the serum and the cerebrospinal fluid. We suggest that patients with granulomatous encephalitis, without a clear etiological agent, should be studied for Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar San Miguel
- Department of Pathology, Centro Médico POVISA, C/Salamanca No. 5, 36211 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
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Gündeş S, Meriç M, Willke A, Erdenliğ S, Koç K. A case of intracranial abscess due to Brucella melitensis. Int J Infect Dis 2004; 8:379-81. [PMID: 15494262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2004.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Solaroglu I, Kaptanoglu E, Okutan O, Beskonakli E. Solitary extra-axial posterior fossa abscess due to neurobrucellosis. J Clin Neurosci 2003; 10:710-2. [PMID: 14592629 DOI: 10.1016/s0967-5868(03)00152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neurobrucellosis is a rare manifestation of systemic brucellosis. The incidence of nervous system involvement in chronic Brucellosis is approximately 5%. In this case report a solitary, extra-axial posterior fossa abscess due to neurobrucellosis is presented. The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of this unusual condition are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Solaroglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Martínez-Chamorro E, Muñoz A, Esparza J, Muñoz MJ, Giangaspro E. Focal cerebral involvement by neurobrucellosis: pathological and MRI findings. Eur J Radiol 2002; 43:28-30. [PMID: 12065117 DOI: 10.1016/s0720-048x(01)00390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Central nervous system involvement by brucellosis is infrequent and usually presents as acute meningoencephalitis. Neurobrucellosis presenting as a focal brain mass has rarely been demonstrated on imaging studies. We describe the imaging and pathologic findings in a child affected by neurobrucellosis with focal cortico-subcortical involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martínez-Chamorro
- Radiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. Córdoba, s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain.
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Novati R, Viganò MG, de Bona A, Nocita B, Finazzi R, Lazzarin A. Neurobrucellosis with spinal cord abscess of the dorsal tract: a case report. Int J Infect Dis 2002; 6:149-50. [PMID: 12146501 DOI: 10.1016/s1201-9712(02)90079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Stranjalis G, Singounas E, Boutsikakis I, Saroglou G. Chronic intracerebral Brucella abscess. Case illustration. J Neurosurg 2000; 92:189. [PMID: 10616102 DOI: 10.3171/jns.2000.92.1.0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Stranjalis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Akdeniz H, Irmak H, Anlar O, Demiröz AP. Central nervous system brucellosis: presentation, diagnosis and treatment. J Infect 1998; 36:297-301. [PMID: 9661940 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-4453(98)94279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although neurological symptoms in brucellosis are frequent, central nervous system (CNS) involvement is uncommon. Five patients with neurobrucellosis are presented. Three patients presented with meningoencephalitis, one with polyradiculoneuritis and one with myelitis and an eighth nerve palsy. All patients had lymphocytic pleocytosis, low glucose and elevated levels of protein in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Gamma-globulin and IgG values in the CSF were also increased. Results of agglutination tests for Brucella in serum and CSF were positive for all patients, although titres were less in the CSF. Brucella melitensis was cultured from two patients. Treatment included concurrent administration of three of the following drugs: doxycycline, rifampicin, streptomycin, co-trimoxazole, ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin. The three patients with meningoencephalitis fully recovered; the other two patients were left with minor disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Akdeniz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical School of Yüzüncü Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Galanakis E, Bourantas KL, Leveidiotou S, Lapatsanis PD. Childhood brucellosis in north-western Greece: a retrospective analysis. Eur J Pediatr 1996; 155:1-6. [PMID: 8750800 DOI: 10.1007/bf02115616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Fifty-two cases of childhood brucellosis which occurred in north-western Greece during the 15-year period 1979-1993, are reviewed. It is believed that they represent very closely the total incidence of the disease in the region which has a population of 100,000 children aged 0-14 years old. Brucellosis-affected children were almost exclusively from goat- or shepherd families and of both sexes and all age groups. A broad spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from malaise only to brain abscess was observed. Fever and arthralgia were the most common manifestations followed by malaise, myalgia, sweating, rash, cough, and gastro-intestinal, cardiac and CNS involvement. Splenomegaly was found more often than hepatomegaly and lymphadenopathy. Laboratory findings included anaemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, lymphocytopenia, monocytosis, eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia and pancytopenia. Leukocytosis and lymphocytosis were extremely rare and ESR and serum C-reactive protein levels were mildly elevated. All patients had positive Rose Bengal slide agglutination tests and standard tube agglutination titres of 1:160 or more. When performed, blood culture was often diagnostic. The children were treated with streptomycin for 2 weeks plus either tetracyclines or trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole for 3 weeks. Treatment was well tolerated. Relapse was observed in one case. CONCLUSION Brucellosis nowadays affects children in an occupational pattern. As symptoms, signs and first-line laboratory findings are not characteristic, agglutination tests and blood culture should be performed in any child with prolonged fever. Treatment is effective, but prevention of the disease by animal testing and education of high risk families is indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Galanakis
- Department of Child Health, University of Ioannina, Greece
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Abstract
Three cases with suppurative complications of Brucella melitensis infection are presented, demonstrating localized involvement of the brain, bones and lungs, respectively, and the lesions were well defined on radiographic examination. The diagnosis was made on the basis of significant Brucella titres and positive blood culture. Awareness of such complications and performance of the appropriate serological and bacteriological studies will establish the diagnosis and will also differentiate this disease from other infections, especially tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y A al-Eissa
- Department of Paediatrics, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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al-Eissa Y, al-Zamil F, al-Mugeiren M, al-Rasheed S, al-Sanie A, al-Mazyad A. Childhood brucellosis: a deceptive infectious disease. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES 1991; 23:129-33. [PMID: 1853160 DOI: 10.3109/00365549109023389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Human brucellosis is a multisystem disease that may notoriously mimic many other illnesses leading to misdiagnosis and increased morbidity. Six pediatric cases of brucellosis who had no epidemiologic evidence of the infection escaped early or correct recognition. The diagnosis of brucellosis was later made on the basis of significant brucella serology and positive blood or bone marrow culture. In endemic areas, a high index of suspicion should prevail in the evaluation of patients with vague or unexplained symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y al-Eissa
- Department of Pediatrics, King Khalid University Hospital, College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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