1
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Chung CL, Chen CL. Fluoroquinolones upregulate insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3, inhibit cell growth and insulin-like growth factor signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176421. [PMID: 38423242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs), commonly known for their antibiotic properties, exhibit additional pharmacological potential with anti-proliferative effects on various malignant cell types and immunomodulatory responses. Despite these observed effects, the precise mechanisms of action remain elusive. This study elucidates the biological impact of FQs on insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) productions in a p53-dependent manner. Cultured cells and mouse models treated with FQs demonstrated increased IGFBP-3 mRNA expression and protein secretion. The FQ-induced IGFBP-3 was identified to impede cell growth by inhibiting IGF-I signaling and exerting effects through an IGF-independent pathway. Notably, FQ-mediated suppression of cell proliferation was reversed in p53-null and p53 knockdown cells, suggesting the pivotal role of p53 in FQ-induced IGFBP-3 production and IGFBP-3-mediated growth inhibition. Additionally, ciprofloxacin, a clinically used FQ, exhibited the induction of tumor cell apoptosis and attenuation of tumor growth in a syngeneic mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) model. These findings unveil a novel mechanism through which FQs act as anti-proliferative agents, prompting further exploration of their potential utility or derivative compounds in cancer treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ling Chung
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lin Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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2
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Coronell-Tovar A, Cortés-Benítez F, González-Andrade M. The importance of including the C-terminal domain of PTP1B 1-400 to identify potential antidiabetic inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2170369. [PMID: 36997321 PMCID: PMC10064822 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2170369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we studied the inhibitory and kinetic implications of classical PTP1B inhibitors (chlorogenic acid, ursolic acid, suramin) using three enzyme constructs (hPTP1B1-285, hPTP1B1-321, and hPTP1B1-400). The results indicate that the unstructured region of PTP1B (300-400 amino acids) is very important both to obtain optimal inhibitory results and propose classical inhibition mechanisms (competitive or non-competitive) through kinetic studies. The IC50 calculated for ursolic acid and suramin using hPTP1B1-400 are around four and three times lower to the short form of the enzyme, the complete form of PTP1B, the one found in the cytosol (in vivo). On the other hand, we highlight the studies of enzymatic kinetics using the hPTP1B1-400 to know the type of enzymatic inhibition and to be able to direct docking studies, where the unstructured region of the enzyme can be one more option for binding compounds with inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Coronell-Tovar
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Laboratorio de Biosensores y Modelaje molecular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Cortés-Benítez
- Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco (UAM-X), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Martin González-Andrade
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Laboratorio de Biosensores y Modelaje molecular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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3
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Hazra R, Hubert H, Little-Ihrig L, Ghosh S, Ofori-Acquah S, Hu X, Novelli EM. Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Prevents Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced White Matter Injury in Sickle Cell Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030692. [PMID: 36979670 PMCID: PMC10045140 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Occlusion of cerebral blood vessels causes acute cerebral hypoxia—an important trigger of ischemic white matter injury and stroke in sickle cell disease (SCD). While chronic hypoxia triggers compensatory neuroprotection via insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), severe bouts of acute hypoxia and subsequent restoration of blood flow (hypoxia/reoxygenation, H/R) overwhelm compensatory mechanisms and cause neuroaxonal damage–identified as white matter lesions–in the brain. The neuroprotective role of IGF-1 in the pathogenesis of white matter injury in SCD has not been investigated; however, it is known that systemic IGF-1 is reduced in individuals with SCD. We hypothesized that IGF-1 supplementation may prevent H/R-induced white matter injury in SCD. Transgenic sickle mice homozygous for human hemoglobin S and exposed to H/R developed white matter injury identified by elevated expression of non-phosphorylated neurofilament H (SMI32) with a concomitant decrease in myelin basic protein (MBP) resulting in an increased SMI32/MBP ratio. H/R-challenge also lowered plasma and brain IGF-1 expression. Human recombinant IGF-1 prophylaxis significantly induced HIF-1α and averted H/R-induced white matter injury in the sickle mice compared to vehicle-treated mice. The expression of the IGF-1 binding proteins IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 was elevated in the IGF-1-treated brain tissue indicating their potential role in mediating neuroprotective HIF-1α signaling. This study provides proof-of-concept for IGF-1-mediated neuroprotection in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimi Hazra
- Pittsburgh Heart Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-412-648-9427
| | - Holland Hubert
- Pittsburgh Heart Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Lynda Little-Ihrig
- Pittsburgh Heart Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Samit Ghosh
- Pittsburgh Heart Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Solomon Ofori-Acquah
- Pittsburgh Heart Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Xiaoming Hu
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
| | - Enrico M Novelli
- Pittsburgh Heart Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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4
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Meligova AK, Siakouli D, Stasinopoulou S, Xenopoulou DS, Zoumpouli M, Ganou V, Gkotsi EF, Chatziioannou A, Papadodima O, Pilalis E, Alexis MN, Mitsiou DJ. ERβ1 Sensitizes and ERβ2 Desensitizes ERα-Positive Breast Cancer Cells to the Inhibitory Effects of Tamoxifen, Fulvestrant and Their Combination with All-Trans Retinoic Acid. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043747. [PMID: 36835157 PMCID: PMC9959521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) is the treatment of choice for early-stage estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-positive breast cancer (BC). However, almost 40% of tamoxifen-treated cases display no response or a partial response to AET, thus increasing the need for new treatment options and strong predictors of the therapeutic response of patients at high risk of relapse. In addition to ERα, BC research has focused on ERβ1 and ERβ2 (isoforms of ERβ), the second ER isotype. At present, the impact of ERβ isoforms on ERα-positive BC prognosis and treatment remains elusive. In the present study, we established clones of MCF7 cells constitutively expressing human ERβ1 or ERβ2 and investigated their role in the response of MCF7 cells to antiestrogens [4-hydroxytamoxifen (OHΤ) and fulvestrant (ICI182,780)] and retinoids [all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)]. We show that, compared to MCF7 cells, MCF7-ERβ1 and MCF7-ERβ2 cells were sensitized and desensitized, respectively, to the antiproliferative effect of the antiestrogens, ATRA and their combination and to the cytocidal effect of the combination of OHT and ATRA. Analysis of the global transcriptional changes upon OHT-ATRA combinatorial treatment revealed uniquely regulated genes associated with anticancer effects in MCF7-ERβ1 cells and cancer-promoting effects in MCF7-ERβ2 cells. Our data are favorable to ERβ1 being a marker of responsiveness and ERβ2 being a marker of resistance of MCF7 cells to antiestrogens alone and in combination with ATRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aggeliki K. Meligova
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Siakouli
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Sotiria Stasinopoulou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina S. Xenopoulou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Zoumpouli
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassiliki Ganou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni-Fani Gkotsi
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Aristotelis Chatziioannou
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Olga Papadodima
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Michael N. Alexis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (M.N.A.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Dimitra J. Mitsiou
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: (M.N.A.); (D.J.M.)
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5
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Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors for the Potential Treatment of Human Cancers. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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6
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Judge RA, Sridar J, Tunyasunvunakool K, Jain R, Wang JCK, Ouch C, Xu J, Mafi A, Nile AH, Remarcik C, Smith CL, Ghosh C, Xu C, Stoll V, Jumper J, Singh AH, Eaton D, Hao Q. Structure of the PAPP-A BP5 complex reveals mechanism of substrate recognition. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5500. [PMID: 36127359 PMCID: PMC9489782 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is highly conserved and tightly regulated by proteases including Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A). PAPP-A and its paralog PAPP-A2 are metalloproteases that mediate IGF bioavailability through cleavage of IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). Here, we present single-particle cryo-EM structures of the catalytically inactive mutant PAPP-A (E483A) in complex with a peptide from its substrate IGFBP5 (PAPP-ABP5) and also in its substrate-free form, by leveraging the power of AlphaFold to generate a high quality predicted model as a starting template. We show that PAPP-A is a flexible trans-dimer that binds IGFBP5 via a 25-amino acid anchor peptide which extends into the metalloprotease active site. This unique IGFBP5 anchor peptide that mediates the specific PAPP-A-IGFBP5 interaction is not found in other PAPP-A substrates. Additionally, we illustrate the critical role of the PAPP-A central domain as it mediates both IGFBP5 recognition and trans-dimerization. We further demonstrate that PAPP-A trans-dimer formation and distal inter-domain interactions are both required for efficient proteolysis of IGFBP4, but dispensable for IGFBP5 cleavage. Together the structural and biochemical studies reveal the mechanism of PAPP-A substrate binding and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janani Sridar
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Rinku Jain
- AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John C K Wang
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christna Ouch
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jun Xu
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Aaron H Nile
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Crystal Ghosh
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Vincent Stoll
- AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Amoolya H Singh
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA.,GRAIL, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Dan Eaton
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Qi Hao
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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7
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Rodríguez-Valentín R, Torres-Mejía G, Martínez-Matsushita L, Angeles-Llerenas A, Gómez-Flores-Ramos L, Wolff RK, Baumgartner KB, Hines LM, Ziv E, Flores-Luna L, Sánchez-Zamorano LM, Ortiz-Panozo E, Slattery ML. Energy homeostasis genes modify the association between serum concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 and breast cancer risk. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1837. [PMID: 35115550 PMCID: PMC8813998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05496-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease in which the interplay among multiple risk factors remains unclear. Energy homeostasis genes play an important role in carcinogenesis and their interactions with the serum concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 on the risk of breast cancer have not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the modifying effect of the genetic variation in some energy homeostasis genes on the association of serum concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 with breast cancer risk. We analyzed 78 SNPs from 10 energy homeostasis genes in premenopausal women from the 4-Corner’s Breast Cancer Study (61 cases and 155 controls) and the Mexico Breast Cancer Study (204 cases and 282 controls). After data harmonization, 71 SNPs in HWE were included for interaction analysis. Two SNPs in two genes (MBOAT rs13272159 and NPY rs16131) showed an effect modification on the association between IGF-1 serum concentration and breast cancer risk (Pinteraction < 0.05, adjusted Pinteraction < 0.20). In addition, five SNPs in three genes (ADIPOQ rs182052, rs822391 and rs7649121, CARTPT rs3846659, and LEPR rs12059300) had an effect modification on the association between IGFBP-3 serum concentration and breast cancer risk (Pinteraction < 0.05, adjusted Pinteraction < 0.20). Our findings showed that variants of energy homeostasis genes modified the association between the IGF-1 or IGFBP-3 serum concentration and breast cancer risk in premenopausal women. These findings contribute to a better understanding of this multifactorial pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Rodríguez-Valentín
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Torres-Mejía
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | | | - Angélica Angeles-Llerenas
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Liliana Gómez-Flores-Ramos
- Cátedras CONACYT-Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Roger K Wolff
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
| | - Kathy B Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Lisa M Hines
- Department of Biology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, 80918, USA
| | - Elad Ziv
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Lourdes Flores-Luna
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Luisa Ma Sánchez-Zamorano
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Ortiz-Panozo
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Martha L Slattery
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84108, USA
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8
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Mofid MR, Gheysarzadeh A, Bakhtiyari S. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 chemosensitizes pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through its death receptor. Pancreatology 2020; 20:1442-1450. [PMID: 32830034 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2020.07.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal human malignancies. Gemcitabine and doxorubicin are commonly used as the chemotherapy agents, but most of PDAC tumors eventually acquired resistance to chemotherapy. Accumulating evidence indicates that Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) plays a key role against tumor growth but its expression has commonly suppressed. The present study was designed to evaluate IGFBP-3 effects in chemotherapy sensitization of PDAC cells. Here, we report that the re-sensitization of chemoresistant PDAC cells was occurred by IGFBP-3 through recruitment of its death receptor (IGFBP-3R). Using gemcitabine, doxorubicin-resistant PDAC cell lines, we found that IGFBP-3 sensitized chemoresistant cells by activating apoptosis (as evaluated by Bax up-regulation, Bcl-2 down-regulation as well as Caspase-3 and Caspase 8 activation). IGFBP-3R was also found to have higher expression level in resistant AsPc-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells in comparison to parental cells. IGFBP-3R was also highly expressed in PDAC tumor which exposed to chemotherapy in comparison to un-treated PDAC tumors. In addition, we confirmed our finding by using specific siRNA to knocking down of IGFBP-3R which prevents IGFBP-3 Chemosensitization. Taken together, the present study for the first time indicates the clinical relevance for combining IGFBP-3 with chemotherapy to reduce chemoresistance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Mofid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Gheysarzadeh
- Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Salar Bakhtiyari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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9
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Zhu W, Liu C, Lu T, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Chen Q, Deng N. Knockout of EGFL6 by CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Inhibition of Tumor Angiogenesis in Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1451. [PMID: 32983976 PMCID: PMC7477343 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis plays an important role in the progression and metastasis of ovarian cancer. EGFL6 protein is highly expressed in ovarian cancer and has been proposed to play an important role in promoting tumor angiogenesis. Here, a CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to knockout the EGFL6 gene in the ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3, using specific guide RNA targeting the exons of EGFL6. The knockout of EGFL6 markedly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SKOV3 cells, as well as promoted apoptosis of tumor cells. In the nude mouse model of ovarian cancer, knockout of EGFL6 remarkably inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis. The transcript profile assays detected 4,220 differentially expressed genes in the knockout cells, including 87 genes that were correlated to proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Moreover, Western blotting confirmed that EGFL6 knockout downregulated the FGF-2/PDGFB signaling pathway. Thus, the results of this study indicated that EGFL6 could regulate cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in ovarian cancer cells by regulating the FGF-2/PDGFB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhu
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tongyi Lu
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinmei Zhang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Simin Zhang
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Ning Deng
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center for Antibody Drug and Immunoassay, Department of Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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He B, Xia S, Zhang Z. NudCD1 Promotes the Proliferation and Metastasis of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells through the Activation of IGF1R-ERK1/2. Pathobiology 2020; 87:244-253. [PMID: 32634806 DOI: 10.1159/000505159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NudC domain containing 1 (NudCD1) is an oncoprotein related to diverse cancers. This study aims to investigate the expression, role, and regulatory mechanism of NudCD1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expressions of NudCD1 in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. The correlation between NudCD1 expression and clinical features was determined by the χ2 test. Besides, shRNA was used to construct the NudCD1 low expression model of NCI-H1299 and NCI-H460 cells, and CCK-8 and transwell assay were conducted to monitor the changes of proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. The expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers and IGF1R-ERK1/2 signaling pathway proteins were detected by Western blot. RESULTS The expression of NudCD1 in NSCLC was higher than that in normal tissues, and the increased expression of NudCD1 was significantly correlated with increased T stage and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, patients with high expression of NudCD1 had worse prognosis. NudCD1 knockdown was proven to impede the proliferation but facilitate the migration and invasion of cancer cells. Furthermore, knockdown of NudCD1 resulted in an increase in the expression of E-cadherin and a decrease in the expression of vimentin. We also observed that NudCD1 overexpression promoted the phosphorylation of IGF1R and ERK1/2 proteins. CONCLUSION NudCD1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC cells via activation of IGF1R-ERK1/2, which indicates that NudCD1 may be a potential therapy target of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- Centre for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Shihui Xia
- Centre for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Zengwang Zhang
- Centre for Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China,
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11
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Zang H, Yang Q, Li J. Eleutheroside B Protects against Acute Kidney Injury by Activating IGF Pathway. Molecules 2019; 24:E3876. [PMID: 31661774 PMCID: PMC6864713 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common, complex, and severe clinical syndrome characterized by rapid decline in renal function, combined with tissue damage. Currently, the prevention and treatment of AKI are focused on symptomatic treatment, rather than treating the underlying causes. Therefore, there is no specific treatment to prevent renal injury except for renal dialysis. In this study, we used cisplatin-induced AKI mouse and human kidney-2 (HK-2) cell models to evaluate the renal protective effect of eleutheroside B, an active compound in traditional Chinese medicines. MTT assay was used to detect the effect of eleutheroside B on proliferation of human HK-2 cells in presence and in absence of cisplatin. Western blot and immunostaining were used to detect the protein level of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), cleaved caspase-3, receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK)-1, and RIPK-3. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of chemokines (like monocyte chemotactic protein 1, MCP-1) and pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Flow cytometry assay was used to detect apoptosis of HK-2 cells. In vivo results showed that eleutheroside B reduced the increase in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in the AKI model. Periodic acid-Schiff staining and Western blot analysis of KIM-1 showed that eleutheroside B alleviated tubular cell injury. Further, eleutheroside B reduced macrophage infiltration and production of inflammatory cytokines, inhibited the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and inhibited apoptosis and programmed necrosis. The mechanism may be that eleutheroside B can activate the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway and its downstream pathway by downregulating the expression of IGFBP-7, thus promoting cell proliferation. Therefore, our results suggest that eleutheroside B is a potential drug for AKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
- Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Qin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
- Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Hefei 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, China.
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12
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Yancu D, Blouin MJ, Birman E, Florianova L, Aleynikova O, Zakikhani M, VanderMeulen H, Seidman E, Pollak M. A phenotype of IGFBP-3 knockout mice revealed by dextran sulfate-induced colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 32:146-153. [PMID: 27253188 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) bioactivity has been shown to be attenuated by insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), one of six IGF-binding proteins. While prior work revealed no major phenotype associated with IGFBP-3 knockout mice, we explored the possibility that a phenotype could be revealed under specific conditions of gastrointestinal stress. METHODS The dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) murine model of ulcerative colitis was used for this study. RESULTS Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 knockout mice had significantly reduced colitis on exposure to DSS as measured by lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 (P < 0.0001), TNF-α (P = 0.0035), and IL-1β (P = 0.0112), reduced weight loss (P < 0.0001), reduced myeloperoxidase activity (P = 0.0025), and maintenance of colorectal length (P < 0.05), all relative to wild-type mice exposed to DSS. IGFBP-3 knockout mice also exhibited increased colon epithelial cell proliferation (P < 0.0001) following DSS exposure. Semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry showed greater IGF-1 receptor activation in colon epithelial cells of IGFBP-3 knockout mice compared with control mice following DSS exposure. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that IGFBP-3 influences severity of DSS-induced colitis. The observations suggest that in the absence of IGFBP-3, enhanced IGF bioactivity leads to increased epithelial proliferation and mucosal barrier repair, thereby lessening inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie Yancu
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-José Blouin
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elena Birman
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Livia Florianova
- Department of Pathology McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Olga Aleynikova
- Department of Pathology McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mahvash Zakikhani
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Heather VanderMeulen
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ernest Seidman
- McGill Center for IBD Research Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michael Pollak
- Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute of Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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13
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Sun H, Lin DC, Cao Q, Guo X, Marijon H, Zhao Z, Gery S, Xu L, Yang H, Pang B, Lee VKM, Lim HJ, Doan N, Said JW, Chu P, Mayakonda A, Thomas T, Forscher C, Baloglu E, Shacham S, Rajalingam R, Koeffler HP. CRM1 Inhibition Promotes Cytotoxicity in Ewing Sarcoma Cells by Repressing EWS-FLI1-Dependent IGF-1 Signaling. Cancer Res 2016; 76:2687-97. [PMID: 26956669 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma (EWS) is an aggressive bone malignancy that mainly affects children and young adults. The mechanisms by which EWS (EWSR1) fusion genes drive the disease are not fully understood. CRM1 (XPO1) traffics proteins from the nucleus, including tumor suppressors and growth factors, and is overexpressed in many cancers. A small-molecule inhibitor of CRM1, KPT-330, has shown therapeutic promise, but has yet to be investigated in the context of EWS. In this study, we demonstrate that CRM1 is also highly expressed in EWS. shRNA-mediated or pharmacologic inhibition of CRM1 in EWS cells dramatically decreased cell growth while inducing apoptosis, cell-cycle arrest, and protein expression alterations to several cancer-related factors. Interestingly, silencing of CRM1 markedly reduced EWS-FLI1 fusion protein expression at the posttranscriptional level and upregulated the expression of the well-established EWS-FLI1 target gene, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), which inhibits IGF-1. Accordingly, KPT-330 treatment attenuated IGF-1-induced activation of the IGF-1R/AKT pathway. Furthermore, knockdown of IGFBP3 increased cell growth and rescued the inhibitory effects on IGF-1 signaling triggered by CRM1 inhibition. Finally, treatment of EWS cells with a combination of KPT-330 and the IGF-1R inhibitor, linsitinib, synergistically decreased cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo Taken together, these findings provide a strong rationale for investigating the efficacy of combinatorial inhibition of CRM1 and IGF-1R for the treatment of EWS. Cancer Res; 76(9); 2687-97. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Sun
- Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California. Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
| | - De-Chen Lin
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Qi Cao
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Helene Marijon
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sigal Gery
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Liang Xu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henry Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Brendan Pang
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Huey Jin Lim
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ngan Doan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jonathan W Said
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Peiguo Chu
- Department of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anand Mayakonda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tom Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Charles Forscher
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | | | - Raja Rajalingam
- Immunogenetics and Transplantation Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California. Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore. National University Cancer Institute, National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore
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14
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Espelund U, Grønbæk H, Villadsen GE, Simonsen K, Vestergaard PF, Jørgensen JOL, Flyvbjerg A, Vilstrup H, Frystyk J. The Circulating IGF System in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Impact of Liver Status and Treatment. Growth Horm IGF Res 2015; 25:174-181. [PMID: 26068014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated an elevated IGF-II mRNA expression and protein levels in tumors and blood from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), hereby suggesting a role of IGF-II as a pathogenic marker of HCC. We hypothesized that in HCC, an increased IGF-II secretion would translate into an elevated circulating IGF bioactivity, which would normalize following treatment. METHODS Patients with HCC (n=39) were studied before and after radio-frequency ablation and/or transarterial chemo-embolization. Baseline data were compared to healthy subjects (n=150) and patients with liver cirrhosis (n=41). Serum levels of IGF ligands and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) were determined using gold standard methods as well as novel assays and compared to liver function tests and HCC treatment status. RESULTS At baseline, HCC patients differed from cirrhosis patients and healthy controls regarding IGF-I (29 [23-37] vs. 12 [7-19] vs. 109 [103-116] μg/l), IGF-II (254 [224-288] vs. 118 [102-137] vs. 545 [525-566] μg/l) and IGF bioactivity (0.53 [0.41-0.68] vs. 0.29 [0.24-0.34] vs. 1.43 [1.33-1.53] μg/l) (mean [95% confidence interval], all age-adjusted P<0.001). All variables but IGFBP-2 were strongly associated with liver status (MELD score), and accordingly, differences were either attenuated or disappeared when adjusted for MELD score. There was no effect of treatment on any IGF variables. CONCLUSIONS The marked differences in IGF and IGFBP levels between patients with HCC, liver cirrhosis and healthy subjects are mainly explained by variations in liver status. Therefore, this study questions the clinical utility of circulating IGF variables as markers of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrick Espelund
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gerda Elisabeth Villadsen
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kira Simonsen
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Allan Flyvbjerg
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hendrik Vilstrup
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan Frystyk
- Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
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15
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Baeg MK, Choi MG, Ko SH, Park BG, Han KD, Park JM, Lee BI, Lee IS, Kim SW. Vitamin D Deficiency Adds an Element of Risk to Insulin Resistance in Colorectal Neoplasms. Dig Dis Sci 2015; 60:2488-94. [PMID: 25840919 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-015-3644-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both insulin resistance (IR) and vitamin D deficiency (VitDdef) have been suggested as risk factors for colorectal neoplasms (CRNs). However, the associations between the two with regard to CRNs are unclear. AIMS To determine whether IR is a risk factor for CRNs and whether VitDdef confers an additive risk of CRNs. METHODS Colonoscopy-naïve asymptomatic women undergoing a routine health screening program were analyzed. IR was defined as homeostatic model assessment of IR >3 and VitDdef set as <20 ng/mL. Multivariable logistic regression was performed between women with and without CRNs, matched for age and body mass index, to investigate associations with CRNs in IR, VitDdef, and VitDdef combined with IR. RESULTS We analyzed 216 women with CRNs and 216 without CRNs. A significant association was found between IR and CRNs (OR 1.838, 95 % CI 1.029-3.285, P = 0.040) but not with VitDdef. IR conferred a higher risk in advanced CRNs (OR 3.244, 95 % CI 1.588-6.631, P = 0.001) than CRNs. When VitDdef was combined with IR, risks of both CRNs and advanced CRNs increased (OR 2.131, 95 % CI 1.077-4.216, P = 0.030 and OR 4.438, 95 % CI 2.058-9.571, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS IR increases the risk of CRNs, and a combination of IR and VitDdef further increases this risk. As both VitDdef and IR are modifiable risk factors, such associations may have important clinical implications in the prevention of CRNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong Ki Baeg
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpodaero, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 137-701, Republic of Korea,
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16
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Matthews BG, Roguljic H, Franceschetti T, Roeder E, Matic I, Vidovic I, Joshi P, Kum KY, Kalajzic I. Gene-expression analysis of cementoblasts and osteoblasts. J Periodontal Res 2015. [PMID: 26215316 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cementum and bone are similar mineralized tissues, but cementum accumulates much more slowly than bone, does not have vasculature or innervation and does not undergo remodeling. Despite these differences, there are no well-established markers to distinguish cementoblasts from other mature mineralizing cells such as osteoblasts and odontoblasts. The purpose of this study was to assess differences in gene expression between cementoblasts and osteoblasts using gene profiling of cell populations isolated directly from osteocalcin-green fluorescent protein (OC-GFP) transgenic mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS OC-GFP reporter mice were used as they show labeling of cementoblasts, osteoblasts and odontoblasts, but not of periodontal ligament fibroblasts, within the periodontium. We sorted cells digested from the molar root surface to isolate OC-GFP(+) cementoblasts. Osteoblasts were isolated from calvarial digests. Microarray analysis was performed, and selected results were confirmed by real-time PCR and immunostaining or in situ hybridization. RESULTS Microarray analysis identified 95 genes that were expressed at least two-fold higher in cementoblasts than in osteoblasts. Our analysis indicated that the Wnt signaling pathway was differentially regulated, as were genes related to skeletal development. Real-time PCR confirmed that expression of the Wnt inhibitors Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (Wif1) and secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (Sfrp1) was elevated in cementoblasts compared with osteoblasts, and Wif1 expression was localized to the apical root region. In addition, the transcription factor BARX homeobox 1 (Barx1) was expressed at higher levels in cementoblasts, and immunohistochemistry indicated that BARX1 was expressed in apical cementoblasts and cementocytes, but not in osteoblasts or odontoblasts. CONCLUSION The OC-GFP mouse provides a good model for selectively isolating cementoblasts, and allowed for identification of differentially expressed genes between cementoblasts and osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Matthews
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - H Roguljic
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - T Franceschetti
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - E Roeder
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - I Matic
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - I Vidovic
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - P Joshi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - K-Y Kum
- Division of endodontology, Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - I Kalajzic
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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17
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Melnik BC. MiR-21: an environmental driver of malignant melanoma? J Transl Med 2015; 13:202. [PMID: 26116372 PMCID: PMC4482047 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0570-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the mid-1950’s, melanoma incidence has been rising steadily in industrialized Caucasian populations, thereby pointing to the pivotal involvement of environmental factors in melanomagenesis. Recent evidence underlines the crucial role of microRNA (miR) signaling in cancer initiation and progression. Increased miR-21 expression has been observed during the transition from a benign melanocytic lesion to malignant melanoma, exhibiting highest expression of miR-21. Notably, common BRAF and NRAS mutations in cutaneous melanoma are associated with increased miR-21 expression. MiR-21 is an oncomiR that affects critical target genes of malignant melanoma, resulting in sustained proliferation (PTEN, PI3K, Sprouty, PDCD4, FOXO1, TIPE2, p53, cyclin D1), evasion from apoptosis (FOXO1, FBXO11, APAF1, TIMP3, TIPE2), genetic instability (MSH2, FBXO11, hTERT), increased oxidative stress (FOXO1), angiogenesis (PTEN, HIF1α, TIMP3), invasion and metastasis (APAF1, PTEN, PDCD4, TIMP3). The purpose of this review is to provide translational evidence for major environmental and individual factors that increase the risk of melanoma, such as UV irradiation, chemical noxes, air pollution, smoking, chronic inflammation, Western nutrition, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and higher age, which are associated with increased miR-21 signaling. Exosomal miR-21 induced by extrinsic and intrinsic stimuli may be superimposed on mutation-induced miR-21 pathways of melanoma cells. Thus, oncogenic miR-21 signaling may be the converging point of intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli driving melanomagenesis. Future strategies of melanoma treatment and prevention should thus aim at reducing the burden of miR-21 signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Sedanstrasse 115, 49090, Osnabrück, Germany.
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18
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Nguyen KH, Yao XH, Erickson AG, Mishra S, Nyomba BLG. Glucose intolerance in aging male IGFBP-3 transgenic mice: differential effects of human IGFBP-3 and its mutant IGFBP-3 devoid of IGF binding ability. Endocrinology 2015; 156:462-74. [PMID: 25490144 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We have reported a reduction of insulin secretion and glucose intolerance in young mice overexpressing human IGFBP-3 (phosphoglycerate kinase [PGK]BP3) or its mutant Gly56/Gly80/Gly81-IGFBP-3 (PGKmutBP3) under the PGK promoter. Here, we investigated changes in glucose and lipid homeostasis with age in PGKBP3 and PGKmutBP3 mice compared with wild-type mice. Body weight, glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, visceral fat, interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT), serum lipids, and pancreas histology were examined at age 3, 6, and 12 months. Murine IGFBP-3 was similar in all mouse genotypes and decreased with age in parallel with total IGF-1. Visceral fat and BAT masses increased in PGKmutBP3 mice, but not in PGKBP3 mice. Glucose tolerance was impaired in both PGKBP3 and PGKmutBP3 mice. However, PGKBP3 mice had increased expression of uncoupling protein-1 in BAT and reduced adiposity, and continued to have smaller pancreatic β-cell mass and reduced insulin secretion through age 12 months. In contrast, PGKmutBP3 mice developed insulin resistance with age in association with pancreatic β-cell hyperplasia, impaired expression of uncoupling protein-1 in BAT, and increased adiposity. In addition, both PGKBP3 and PGKmutBP3 mice had elevated glycerol in the circulation, but only PGKBP3 mice had elevated free fatty acids and only PGKmutBP3 mice had elevated triglycerides. Estimated free IGF-1 did not increase with age in transgenic mice, as it did in wild-type mice. Thus, overexpression of human IGFBP-3 or its mutant devoid of IGF binding ability leads to glucose intolerance with, however, different effects on insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, and lipid homeostasis in aging mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hoa Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3E3P4
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19
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Johnson MA, Firth SM. IGFBP-3: a cell fate pivot in cancer and disease. Growth Horm IGF Res 2014; 24:164-173. [PMID: 24953254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
One of the hallmarks in the advancement of cancer cells is an ability to overcome and acquire resistance to adverse conditions. There has been a large amount of cancer research on IGFBP-3 as a pro-apoptotic molecule in vitro. These pro-apoptotic properties, however, do not correlate with several studies linking high IGFBP-3 levels in breast cancer tissue to rapid growth and poor prognosis. Evidence is emerging that IGFBP-3 also exhibits pro-survival and growth-promoting properties in vitro. How IGFBP-3 pivots cell fate to either death or survival, it seems, comes down to a complex interplay between cells' microenvironments and the presence of cellular IGFBP-3 binding partners and growth factor receptors. The cytoprotective actions of IGFBP-3 are not restricted to cancer but are also observed in other disease states, such as retinopathy and brain ischaemia. Here we review the literature on this paradoxical nature of IGFBP-3, its pro-apoptotic and growth-inhibitory actions versus its cytoprotective and growth-potentiating properties, and discuss the implications of targeting IGFBP-3 for treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Johnson
- Hormones and Cancer, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Sue M Firth
- Hormones and Cancer, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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20
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Mancini M, Gariboldi MB, Taiana E, Bonzi MC, Craparotta I, Pagin M, Monti E. Co-targeting the IGF system and HIF-1 inhibits migration and invasion by (triple-negative) breast cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:2865-73. [PMID: 24853185 PMCID: PMC4056066 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer is mostly incurable, due to lack of suitable drug targets. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system could provide such a target, and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R)-directed agents are already available, but seem unable to control all the complexities of the system, including crosstalk with hypoxia-inducible pathways. Methods: Migration of triple-negative MDA-231 breast cancer cells and its modulation by IGFs, the IGF-1R inhibitor NVP-AEW541 and the IGF-2-sequestering monoclonal antibody MAB292 were assessed by the scratch wound healing and Boyden chamber assays; the effect of topotecan (inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)) under hypoxia was also evaluated. Constitutive as well as drug-modulated levels of components of the IGF and HIF-1 pathways were evaluated by western blotting and qPCR. Results: IGF-induced migration of MDA-231 cells was not abrogated by the IGF-1R inhibitor NVP-AEW541, whereas IGF-2 sequestration by MAB292 significantly reduced cell migration. Under hypoxia, topotecan was also effective, likely by reducing HIF-1-induced IGF-2 release. Simultaneous targeting of IGF-1R and IGF-2 or HIF-1 completely abolished cell migration. Conclusions: IR activation may account for the failure of NVP-AEW541 to suppress MDA-231 cell migration. Ligand-targeting compounds, or co-inhibition of the IGF and HIF-1 systems, may prevent activation of compensatory signalling, thereby providing a valuable addition to IGF-1R inhibitor-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mancini
- Division of Biomedical Research, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via A. da Giussano 10, Busto Arsizio, Varese 21052, Italy
| | - M B Gariboldi
- Division of Biomedical Research, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via A. da Giussano 10, Busto Arsizio, Varese 21052, Italy
| | - E Taiana
- Division of Biomedical Research, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via A. da Giussano 10, Busto Arsizio, Varese 21052, Italy
| | - M C Bonzi
- Division of Biomedical Research, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via A. da Giussano 10, Busto Arsizio, Varese 21052, Italy
| | - I Craparotta
- Division of Biomedical Research, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via A. da Giussano 10, Busto Arsizio, Varese 21052, Italy
| | - M Pagin
- Division of Biomedical Research, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via A. da Giussano 10, Busto Arsizio, Varese 21052, Italy
| | - E Monti
- Division of Biomedical Research, Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, via A. da Giussano 10, Busto Arsizio, Varese 21052, Italy
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21
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Geng XR, Yang G, Li M, Song JP, Liu ZQ, Qiu S, Liu Z, Yang PC. Insulin-like growth factor-2 enhances functions of antigen (Ag)-specific regulatory B cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:17941-50. [PMID: 24811165 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.515262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are important in immune regulation. The factors that regulate Breg functions are less clear. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is capable of inducing hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the role of IGF2 in the development of Bregs and the enhancement of their function. In this study, the expression of IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) and IGF2R in ovalbumin (OVA)-specific B cells (OVAsBCs) was assessed by real time RT-PCR and Western blotting. The release of interleukin (IL)-10 from OVAsBCs and OVAsBC proliferation were assessed by enzyme-linked immunoassay and proliferation assay. The role of IGF2 in enhancing the function of OVAsBCs was tested with an intestinal allergic inflammation mouse model. The results showed that OVAsBCs expressed high levels of IGF2R. Exposure to both IGF2 and a specific antigen (Ag), OVA, markedly enhanced the expression of IL-10 in OVAsBCs as well as enhanced the IL-10(+) OVAsBC proliferation. The concurrent exposure to IGF2 and specific Ag markedly induced the IL-10 promoter DNA demethylation via activating the STAT5 pathway. IGF2 also enhanced both the OVAsBC proliferation in vivo and the effect of Ag-specific immunotherapy on inhibiting allergic inflammation in the intestine. We conclude that OVAsBCs express high levels of IGF2R and that IGF2 increases the expression of IL-10 in OVAsBCs and enhances OVAsBC proliferation and the inhibitory effect on allergic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Rui Geng
- From the Otolaryngology Institute of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China, Longgang Central Hospital, ENT Hospital, Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen 518116, China, and
| | - Gui Yang
- From the Otolaryngology Institute of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China, Longgang Central Hospital, ENT Hospital, Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen 518116, China, and
| | - Meng Li
- From the Otolaryngology Institute of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jiang-Ping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liu
- From the Otolaryngology Institute of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China, Longgang Central Hospital, ENT Hospital, Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen 518116, China, and
| | - Shuqi Qiu
- From the Otolaryngology Institute of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China, Longgang Central Hospital, ENT Hospital, Shenzhen ENT Institute, Shenzhen 518116, China, and
| | - Zhigang Liu
- From the Otolaryngology Institute of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ping-Chang Yang
- From the Otolaryngology Institute of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China,
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Kotzsch A, Skovgaard T, Buus U, Andersen S, Devkota K, Berthelsen J. A substrate-optimized electrophoretic mobility shift assay for ADAM12. Anal Biochem 2014; 452:34-42. [PMID: 24534253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
ADAM12 belongs to the A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) family of secreted sheddases activating extracellular growth factors such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). ADAM proteases, most notably ADAM17 (TNF-α-converting enzyme), have long been investigated as pharmaceutical drug targets; however, due to lack of potency and in vivo side effects, none of the small-molecule inhibitors discovered so far has made it beyond clinical testing. Ongoing research on novel selective inhibitors of ADAMs requires reliable biochemical assays to validate molecular probes from large-scale screening efforts. Here we describe an electrophoretic mobility shift assay for ADAM12 based on the identification of an optimized peptide substrate that is characterized by excellent performance and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kotzsch
- Facility for Protein Purification and Function at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Tine Skovgaard
- Facility for Protein Purification and Function at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Uwe Buus
- Facility for Protein Purification and Function at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Simon Andersen
- Facility for Protein Purification and Function at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Kanchan Devkota
- Facility for Protein Purification and Function at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jens Berthelsen
- Facility for Protein Purification and Function at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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Birzniece V, Magnusson NE, Ho KKY, Frystyk J. Effects of raloxifene and estrogen on bioactive IGF1 in GH-deficient women. Eur J Endocrinol 2014; 170:375-83. [PMID: 24347426 DOI: 10.1530/eje-13-0835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT GH action is attenuated by estrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) administered orally. During GH therapy in hypopituitary women, co-treatment with raloxifene, a SERM, induced a smaller gain in lean body mass (LBM) compared with estrogen, despite an equal reduction in IGF1. As a higher IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) level was observed with raloxifene co-treatment, we hypothesize that an increase in IGFBP3 reduced IGF1 bioactivity causing the attenuated anabolic effect. OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of 17β-estradiol (E₂) and raloxifene on bioactive IGF1. DESIGN In study 1, 12 GH-deficient (GHD) women were randomized to raloxifene 120 mg/day or E₂ 4 mg/day for 1 month. In study 2, 16 GHD women were randomized to 1 month GH treatment alone (0.5 mg/day) and in combination with raloxifene (60 mg/day) or E₂ (2 mg/day). We measured bioactive IGF1, immunoreactive IGF1 and IGF2, and IGFBP3 immunoreactivity and fragmentation. RESULTS Raloxifene and estrogen suppressed (P<0.05) total IGF1 equally in GHD and GH-replaced hypopituitary women. In GHD patients, neither raloxifene nor estrogen affected bioactive IGF1. GH significantly increased IGF1 bioactivity, an effect attenuated by co-treatment with raloxifene (Δ -23 ± 7%, P<0.01) and estrogen (Δ -26 ± 3%, P=0.06). Total IGF1 correlated (r(2)=0.54, P<0.001) with bioactive IGF1, which represented 3.1 ± 0.2% of the total IGF1, irrespective of the treatments. Total IGF2 was unchanged by raloxifene and estrogen treatment. IGFBP3 was significantly higher during raloxifene administration, whereas no differences in IGFBP3 fragmentation were observed. CONCLUSION Raloxifene effect on bioactive IGF1 is similar to that of estrogen despite higher IGFBP3 levels during raloxifene administration. We conclude that the observed different effects on LBM between raloxifene and estrogen treatments cannot be explained by differences in IGF1 bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vita Birzniece
- Department of Endocrinology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Lysine residues of IGF-I are substrates for transglutaminases and modulate downstream IGF-I signalling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2013; 1833:3176-3185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is a 7.5 kDa mitogenic peptide hormone expressed by liver and many other tissues. It is three times more abundant in serum than IGF1, but our understanding of its physiological and pathological roles has lagged behind that of IGF1. Expression of the IGF2 gene is strictly regulated. Over-expression occurs in many cancers and is associated with a poor prognosis. Elevated serum IGF2 is also associated with increased risk of developing various cancers including colorectal, breast, prostate and lung. There is established clinical utility for IGF2 measurement in the diagnosis of non-islet cell tumour hypoglycaemia, a condition characterised by a molar IGF2:IGF1 ratio >10. Recent advances in understanding of the pathophysiology of IGF2 in cancer have suggested much novel clinical utility for its measurement. Measurement of IGF2 in blood and genetic and epigenetic tests of the IGF2 gene may help assess cancer risk and prognosis. Further studies will determine whether these tests enter clinical practice. New therapeutic approaches are being developed to target IGF2 action. This review provides a clinical perspective on IGF2 and an update on recent research findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Livingstone
- Peptide Hormones Supraregional Assay Service (SAS), Clinical Biochemistry Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Trust, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX, UK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 5XH, UK
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Li ZJ, Ying XJ, Chen HL, Ye PJ, Chen ZL, Li G, Jiang HF, Liu J, Zhou SZ. Insulin-like growth factor-1 induces lymphangiogenesis and facilitates lymphatic metastasis in colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19:7788-7794. [PMID: 24282367 PMCID: PMC3837280 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i43.7788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and to analyze their correlation with lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis.
METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression and lymphatic vessel density (LVD) in 40 CRC specimens. The correlation between IGF-1/IGF-1R and LVD was investigated. Effects of IGF-1 on migration and invasion of CRC cells were examined using transwell chamber assays. A LoVo cell xenograft model was established to further detect the role of IGF-1 in CRC lymphangiogenesis in vivo.
RESULTS: Elevated IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression in CRC tissues was correlated with lymph node metastasis (r = 0.715 and 0.569, respectively, P < 0.05) and tumor TNM stage (r = 0.731 and 0.609, P < 0.05). A higher LVD was also found in CRC tissues and was correlated with lymphatic metastasis (r = 0.405, P < 0.05). A positive correlation was found between LVD and IGF-1R expression (r = 0.437, P < 0.05). Transwell assays revealed that IGF-1 increased the migration and invasion of CRC cells. In vivo mouse studies showed that IGF-1 also increased LVD in LoVo cell xenografts.
CONCLUSION: IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling induces tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis and contributes to lymphatic metastasis of CRC.
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Inhibition of type I insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling attenuates the development of breast cancer brain metastasis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73406. [PMID: 24039934 PMCID: PMC3764163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastasis is a common cause of mortality in cancer patients, yet potential therapeutic targets remain largely unknown. The type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) is known to play a role in the progression of breast cancer and is currently being investigated in the clinical setting for various types of cancer. The present study demonstrates that IGF-IR is constitutively autophosphorylated in brain-seeking breast cancer sublines. Knockdown of IGF-IR results in a decrease of phospho-AKT and phospho-p70s6k, as well as decreased migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231Br brain-seeking cells. In addition, transient ablation of IGFBP3, which is overexpressed in brain-seeking cells, blocks IGF-IR activation. Using an in vivo experimental brain metastasis model, we show that IGF-IR knockdown brain-seeking cells have reduced potential to establish brain metastases. Finally, we demonstrate that the malignancy of brain-seeking cells is attenuated by pharmacological inhibition with picropodophyllin, an IGF-IR-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Together, our data suggest that the IGF-IR is an important mediator of brain metastasis and its ablation delays the onset of brain metastases in our model system.
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Baxter RC. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3): Novel ligands mediate unexpected functions. J Cell Commun Signal 2013; 7:179-89. [PMID: 23700234 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-013-0203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its important role in the regulation of somatic growth by acting as the major circulating transport protein for the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) has a variety of intracellular ligands that point to its function within major signaling pathways. The discovery of its interaction with the retinoid X receptor has led to the elucidation of roles in regulating the function of several nuclear hormone receptors including retinoic acid receptor-α, Nur77 and vitamin D receptor. Its interaction with the nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ is believed to be involved in regulating adipocyte differentiation, which is also modulated by IGFBP-3 through an interaction with TGFβ/Smad signaling. IGFBP-3 can induce apoptosis alone or in conjunction with other agents, and in different systems can activate caspases -8 and -9. At least two unrelated proteins (LRP1 and TMEM219) have been designated as receptors for IGFBP-3, the latter with a demonstrated role in inducing caspase-8-dependent apoptosis. In contrast, IGFBP-3 also has demonstrated roles in survival-related functions, including the repair of DNA double-strand breaks through interaction with the epidermal growth factor receptor and DNA-dependent protein kinase, and the induction of autophagy through interaction with GRP78. The ability of IGFBP-3 to modulate the balance between pro-apoptotic and pro-survival sphingolipids by regulating sphingosine kinase 1 and sphingomyelinases may be integral to its role at the crossroads between cell death and survival in response to a variety of stimuli. The pleiotropic nature of IGFBP-3 activity supports the idea that IGFBP-3 itself, or pathways with which it interacts, should be investigated as targets of therapy for a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Baxter
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 8, Kolling Building, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia,
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Functional impairment is associated with low bone and muscle mass among persons aging with HIV infection. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2013; 63:209-15. [PMID: 23392468 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e318289bb7e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disability and frailty are associated with osteoporosis, obesity, and sarcopenia. HIV-infected persons have early functional impairment, but the association between body composition and functional impairment is unknown. METHODS HIV-1-infected participants on combination antiretroviral therapy with virologic suppression, aged 45-65 years, had standardized physical function measures. In a nested analysis, 30 low- and 48 high-functioning cases and controls were matched by age, gender, and time since HIV diagnosis. Bone mineral density, fat mass, and lean body mass were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were obtained from conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Mean age was 53 years, mean CD4(+) lymphocytes 598 cells per microliter, and 96% had plasma HIV-1 RNA <50 copies per milliliter. Low- and high-function subjects had similar CD4(+) lymphocyte count and duration and type of antiretroviral therapy. Lower T scores at the hip [OR: 3.8 (1.1 to 12.5)] and lumbar spine [OR: 2.3 (1.1 to 4.5)] and lower lean body mass [OR: 1.1 (1.0 to 1.2)] were associated with significantly greater odds of low function (P ≤ 0.03). Lower insulin-like growth hormone [IGF-1; OR: 5.0 (1.4 to 20.0)] and IGF-1 binding protein-3 [OR: 3.3 (1.7 to 9.9)] increased the odds of low functional status (P ≤ 0.02). Fat mass and lower 25-OH vitamin D did not increase the odds of low functional status (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Functional impairment in HIV-1-infected persons on successful antiretroviral therapy is associated with low muscle mass, low bone mineral density, and low IGF-1 and IGF-1 binding protein-3. These characteristics may be a manifestation of early "somatopause" in middle-aged HIV-infected adults.
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Sivaramakrishnan M, Kashyap AS, Amrein B, Saenger S, Meier S, Staudenmaier C, Upton Z, Metzger F. PEGylation of lysine residues reduces the pro-migratory activity of IGF-I. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:4734-42. [PMID: 23800578 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is composed of ligands and receptors which regulate cell proliferation, survival, differentiation and migration. Some of these functions involve regulation by the extracellular milieu, including binding proteins and other extracellular matrix proteins. However, the functions and exact nature of these interactions remain incomplete. METHODS IGF-I variants PEGylated at lysines K27, K65 and K68, were assessed for binding to IGFBPs using BIAcore, and for phosphorylation of the IGF-IR. Furthermore, functional consequences of PEGylation were investigated using cell viability and migration assays. In addition, downstream signaling pathways were analyzed using phospho-AKT and phospho-ERK1/2 assays. RESULTS IGF-I PEGylated at lysines 27 (PEG-K27), 65 (PEG-K65) or 68 (PEG-K68) was employed. Receptor phosphorylation was similarly reduced 2-fold with PEG-K65 and PEG-K68 in 3T3 fibroblasts and MCF-7 breast cancer cells, whereas PEG-K27 showed a more than 10- and 3-fold lower activation for 3T3 and MCF-7 cells, respectively. In addition, all PEG-IGF-I variants had a 10-fold reduced association rate to IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). Functionally, all PEG variants lost their ability to induce cell migration in the presence of IGFBP-3/vitronectin (VN) complexes, whereas cell viability was fully preserved. Analysis of downstream signaling revealed that AKT was preferentially affected upon treatment with PEG-IGF-I variants whereas MAPK signaling was unaffected by PEGylation. CONCLUSION PEGylation of IGF-I has an impact on cell migration but not on cell viability. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE PEG-IGF-I may differentially modulate IGF-I mediated functions that are dependent on receptor interaction as well as key extracellular proteins such as VN and IGFBPs.
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31
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Caixeiro NJ, Martin JL, Scott CD. Silencing the mannose 6-phosphate/IGF-II receptor differentially affects tumorigenic properties of normal breast epithelial cells. Int J Cancer 2013; 133:2542-50. [PMID: 23686499 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although loss of the mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor-II receptor (M6P/IGF-IIR) in breast cancer is believed to play a role in tumorigenesis, it has not been demonstrated that M6P/IGF-IIR loss is sufficient to confer a malignant phenotype in an untransformed cell. We investigated the impact of M6P/IGF-IIR silencing using phenotypically normal (MCF-10A) and oncogenically transformed (MCF-10T, the c-Ha-ras transformed derivative of MCF-10A) human breast epithelial cell lines as model systems. In both cell lines, silencing of M6P/IGF-IIR increased cell proliferation and motility, with the effects being more pronounced in MCF-10A cells. Although anchorage-independent growth was increased by M6P/IGF-IIR silencing in MCF-10T cells, MCF-10A cells did not acquire the ability to grow in soft agar. Conversely, reduced M6P/IGF-IIR expression increased the invasive potential of MCF-10A cells, but did not enhance the already high rate of invasion of MCF-10T cells. M6P/IGF-IIR silencing had no effect on basal or IGF-II-stimulated IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) or AKT phosphorylation in either cell line, but both were abrogated by IGF-IR kinase inhibition, which also reduced the stimulatory effect of M6P/IGF-IIR silencing on proliferation under basal and IGF-II-stimulated conditions in both cell lines. However, cell motility was neither stimulated by IGF-II nor reduced by IGF-IR inhibition, suggesting that potentiation of specific tumorigenic features in response to M6P/IGF-IIR silencing involves IGF-II- dependent and -independent mechanisms. Collectively, these data suggest that M6P/IGF-IIR silencing alone is insufficient to confer a tumorigenic phenotype, but can enhance tumorigenicity in an already transformed cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Caixeiro
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
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Heazlewood SY, Neaves RJ, Williams B, Haylock DN, Adams TE, Nilsson SK. Megakaryocytes co-localise with hemopoietic stem cells and release cytokines that up-regulate stem cell proliferation. Stem Cell Res 2013; 11:782-92. [PMID: 23792434 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report transplanted hemopoietic stem cells (HSC) preferentially lodge within two cells of mature megakaryocytes (MM). With both populations comprising ~0.2% of bone marrow cells, this strongly suggests a key functional interaction. HSC isolated from the endosteum (eLSKSLAM) showed significantly increased hemopoietic cell proliferation while in co-culture with MM. Furthermore, eLSKSLAM progeny retained HSC potential, maintaining long-term multi-lineage reconstitution capacity in lethally ablated recipients. Increased hemopoietic cell proliferation was not MM contact dependent and could be recapitulated with media supplemented with two factors identified in MM-conditioned media: insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). We demonstrate that HSC express the receptor for IGF-1 and that IGF-1/IGFBP-3 induced increased hemopoietic cell proliferation can be blocked by an anti-IGF-1 neutralising antibody. However, co-cultures of 8N, 16N or 32N MM with eLSKSLAM showed that MM of individual ploidy did not significantly increase hemopoietic cell proliferation. Our data suggests that MM are an important component of the HSC niche and regulate hemopoietic cell proliferation through cytokine release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Y Heazlewood
- Materials Science and Engineering, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, Australia
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Role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin-d 3 -induced breast cancer cell apoptosis. Int J Cell Biol 2013; 2013:960378. [PMID: 23690781 PMCID: PMC3652201 DOI: 10.1155/2013/960378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is implicated in breast cancer development and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1, 25-D3) has been shown to attenuate prosurvival effects of IGF-I on breast cancer cells. In this study the role of IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in 1, 25-D3-induced apoptosis was investigated using parental MCF-7 breast cancer cells and MCF-7/VDR cells, which are resistant to the growth inhibitory effects of 1, 25-D3. Treatment with 1, 25-D3 increased IGFBP-3 mRNA expression in both cell lines but increases in intracellular IGFBP-3 protein and its secretion were observed only in MCF-7. 1, 25-D3-induced apoptosis was not associated with activation of any caspase but PARP-1 cleavage was detected in parental cells. IGFBP-3 treatment alone produced cleavage of caspases 7, 8, and 9 and PARP-1 in MCF-7 cells. IGFBP-3 failed to activate caspases in MCF-7/VDR cells; however PARP-1 cleavage was detected. 1, 25-D3 treatment inhibited IGF-I/Akt survival signalling in MCF-7 but not in MCF-7/VDR cells. In contrast, IGFBP-3 treatment was effective in inhibiting IGF-I/Akt pathways in both breast cancer lines. These results suggest a role for IGFBP-3 in 1, 25-D3 apoptotic signalling and that impaired secretion of IGFBP-3 may be involved in acquired resistance to vitamin D in breast cancer.
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Seurin D, Lombet A, Babajko S, Godeau F, Ricort JM. Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins increase intracellular calcium levels in two different cell lines. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59323. [PMID: 23527161 PMCID: PMC3602172 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are six related secreted proteins that share IGF-dependent and -independent functions. If the former functions begin to be well described, the latter are somewhat more difficult to investigate and to characterize. At the cellular level, IGFBPs were shown to modulate numerous processes including cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanisms implicated remain largely unknown. We previously demonstrated that IGFBP-3, but not IGFBP-1 or IGFBP-5, increase intracellular calcium concentration in MCF-7 cells (Ricort J-M et al. (2002) FEBS lett 527: 293–297). Methodology/Principal Findings We perform a global analysis in which we studied, by two different approaches, the binding of each IGFBP isoform (i.e., IGFBP-1 to -6) to the surface of two different cellular models, MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma cells and C2 myoblast proliferative cells, as well as the IGFBP-induced increase of intracellular calcium concentration. Using both confocal fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis, we showed that all IGFBPs bind to MCF-7 cell surface. By contrast, only four IGFBPs can bind to C2 cell surface since neither IGFBP-2 nor IGFBP-4 were detected. Among the six IGFBPs tested, only IGFBP-1 did not increased intracellular calcium concentration whatever the cellular model studied. By contrast, IGFBP-2, -3, -4 and -6, in MCF-7 cells, and IGFBP-3, -5 and -6, in C2 proliferative cells, induce a rapid and transient increase in intracellular free calcium concentration. Moreover, IGFBP-2 and -3 (in MCF-7 cells) and IGFBP-5 (in C2 cells) increase intracellular free calcium concentration by a pertussis toxin sensitive signaling pathway. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that IGFBPs are able to bind to cell surface and increase intracellular calcium concentration. By characterizing the IGFBPs-induced cell responses and intracellular couplings, we highlight the cellular specificity and complexity of the IGF-independent actions of these IGF binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Seurin
- INSERM UMR_S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | | | - Sylvie Babajko
- INSERM U872, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire, Paris, France
| | - François Godeau
- INSERM UMR_S938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Ricort
- LBPA, ENS de Cachan, CNRS, Cachan, France
- UMR204, Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Bharadwaj AS, Appukuttan B, Wilmarth PA, Pan Y, Stempel AJ, Chipps TJ, Benedetti EE, Zamora DO, Choi D, David LL, Smith JR. Role of the retinal vascular endothelial cell in ocular disease. Prog Retin Eye Res 2013; 32:102-80. [PMID: 22982179 PMCID: PMC3679193 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Retinal endothelial cells line the arborizing microvasculature that supplies and drains the neural retina. The anatomical and physiological characteristics of these endothelial cells are consistent with nutritional requirements and protection of a tissue critical to vision. On the one hand, the endothelium must ensure the supply of oxygen and other nutrients to the metabolically active retina, and allow access to circulating cells that maintain the vasculature or survey the retina for the presence of potential pathogens. On the other hand, the endothelium contributes to the blood-retinal barrier that protects the retina by excluding circulating molecular toxins, microorganisms, and pro-inflammatory leukocytes. Features required to fulfill these functions may also predispose to disease processes, such as retinal vascular leakage and neovascularization, and trafficking of microbes and inflammatory cells. Thus, the retinal endothelial cell is a key participant in retinal ischemic vasculopathies that include diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity, and retinal inflammation or infection, as occurs in posterior uveitis. Using gene expression and proteomic profiling, it has been possible to explore the molecular phenotype of the human retinal endothelial cell and contribute to understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases. In addition to providing support for the involvement of well-characterized endothelial molecules, profiling has the power to identify new players in retinal pathologies. Findings may have implications for the design of new biological therapies. Additional progress in this field is anticipated as other technologies, including epigenetic profiling methods, whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing, and metabolomics, are used to study the human retinal endothelial cell.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Phillip A. Wilmarth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Yuzhen Pan
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University
| | | | | | | | | | - Dongseok Choi
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Larry L. David
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Justine R. Smith
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Oregon Health & Science University
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36
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The roles of receptor tyrosine kinases and their ligands in the wound repair process. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2012; 23:963-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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37
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Sakowski SA, Feldman EL. Insulin-like growth factors in the peripheral nervous system. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2012; 41:375-93, vii. [PMID: 22682636 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2012.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play an integral role in development, growth, and survival. This article details the current understanding of the effects of IGFs in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) during health and disease, and introduces how the IGF system regulates PNS development and impacts growth and survival of PNS cells. Also discussed are implications of IGF signaling in neurodegeneration and the status and prospects of IGF therapies for PNS conditions. There is substantial support for the application of IGF therapies in the treatment of PNS injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey A Sakowski
- A. Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, 4019 AAT-BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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