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Lee YH, Kim HR, Yeo MH, Kim SC, Hyun HB, Ham YM, Jung YH, Kim HS, Chang KS. Anti-Diabetic Potential of Sargassum horneri and Ulva australis Extracts In Vitro and In Vivo. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7492-7512. [PMID: 37754257 PMCID: PMC10530218 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45090473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sargassum horneri (SH) and Ulva australis (UA) are marine waste resources that cause environmental and economic problems when entering or multiplying the coastal waters of Jeju Island. We analyzed their anti-diabetic efficacy to assess their reusability as functional additives. The alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of SH and UA extracts was confirmed, and the effect of UA extract was higher than that of SH. After the induction of insulin-resistant HepG2 cells, the effects of the two marine extracts on oxidative stress, intracellular glucose uptake, and glycogen content were compared to the positive control, metformin. Treatment of insulin-resistant HepG2 cells with SH and UA resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in oxidative stress and increased intracellular glucose uptake and glycogen content. Moreover, SH and UA treatment upregulated the expression of IRS-1, AKT, and GLUT4, which are suppressed in insulin resistance, to a similar degree to metformin, and suppressed the expression of FoxO1, PEPCK involved in gluconeogenesis, and GSK-3β involved in glycogen metabolism. The oral administration of these extracts to rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes led to a higher weight gain than that in the diabetic group. Insulin resistance and oral glucose tolerance are alleviated by the regulation of blood glucose. Thus, the SH and UA extracts may be used in the development of therapeutic agents or supplements to improve insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hyeon Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea; (Y.-H.L.); (M.-H.Y.)
| | - Hye-Ran Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui Institute of Technology, Busan 47230, Republic of Korea;
| | - Min-Ho Yeo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea; (Y.-H.L.); (M.-H.Y.)
| | - Sung-Chun Kim
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Republic of Korea; (S.-C.K.); (H.-B.H.); (Y.-M.H.); (Y.-H.J.)
| | - Ho-Bong Hyun
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Republic of Korea; (S.-C.K.); (H.-B.H.); (Y.-M.H.); (Y.-H.J.)
| | - Young-Min Ham
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Republic of Korea; (S.-C.K.); (H.-B.H.); (Y.-M.H.); (Y.-H.J.)
| | - Yong-Hwan Jung
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Republic of Korea; (S.-C.K.); (H.-B.H.); (Y.-M.H.); (Y.-H.J.)
| | - Hye-Sook Kim
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Kyung-Soo Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea; (Y.-H.L.); (M.-H.Y.)
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A comprehensive review on the diverse pharmacological perspectives of Terminalia chebula Retz. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10220. [PMID: 36051270 PMCID: PMC9424961 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Terminalia chebula Retz, commonly known as 'Haritaki/Myrobalan,' has been utilised as a traditional medicine for a long time. It has been extensively exercised in various indigenous medicine practices like Unani, Tibb, Ayurveda, and Siddha to remedy human ailments such as bleeding, carminative, dysentery, liver tonic, digestive, antidiarrheal, analgesic, anthelmintic, antibacterial and helpful in skin disorders. Studies on the pharmacological effects of T. chebula and its phytoconstituents documented between January, 1996 and December, 2021 were explored using various electronic databases. During the time mentioned above, several laboratory approaches revealed the biological properties of T. chebula, including antioxidative, antiproliferative, anti-microbial, proapoptotic, anti-diabetic, anti-ageing, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antiepileptic. It is also beneficial in glucose and lipid metabolism and prevents atherogenesis and endothelial dysfunction. Different parts of T. chebula such as fruits, seeds, galls, barks extracted with various solvent systems (aqueous, ethanol, methanol, chloroform, ethyl-acetate) revealed major bioactive compounds like chebulic acid, chebulinic acid, and chebulaginic acid, which in turn proved to have valuable pharmacological properties through broad scientific investigations. There is a common link between chebulagic acid and chebulanin with its antioxidant property, antiaging activity, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic activity, and cardioprotective activity. The actions may be through neutralizing the free radicals responsible for producing tissue damage alongside interconnecting many other diseases. The current review summarises the scientifically documented literature on pharmacological potentials and chemical compositions of T. chebula, which is expected to investigate further studies on this subject.
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Yan LS, Cheng BCY, Zhang SF, Luo G, Zhang C, Wang QG, Fu XQ, Wang YW, Zhang Y. Tibetan Medicine for Diabetes Mellitus: Overview of Pharmacological Perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:748500. [PMID: 34744728 PMCID: PMC8566911 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.748500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications pose a major public health threat which is approaching epidemic proportions globally. Current drug options may not provide good efficacy and even cause serious adverse effects. Seeking safe and effective agents for DM treatment has been an area of intensive interest. As a healing system originating in Tibet, Traditional Tibetan Medicine (TTM) has been widely used by Tibetan people for the prevention and treatment of DM and its complications for hundreds of years. Tibetan Materia Medica (TMM) including the flower of Edgeworthia gardneri (Wall.) Meisn., Phyllanthi Fructus, Chebulae Fructus, Huidouba, and Berberidis Cortex are most frequently used and studied. These TMMs possess hypoglycemic, anti-insulin resistant, anti-glycation, lipid lowering, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative effects. The underlying mechanisms of these actions may be related to their α-glucosidase inhibitory, insulin signaling promoting, PPARs-activating, gut microbiota modulation, islet β cell-preserving, and TNF-α signaling suppressive properties. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the mode and mechanisms of action of various active constituents, extracts, preparations, and formulas from TMM. The dynamic beneficial effects of the products prepared from TMM for the management of DM and its complications are summarized. These TMMs are valuable materia medica which have the potential to be developed as safe and effective anti-DM agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Shan Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Brian Chi-Yan Cheng
- College of Professional and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuo-Feng Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gan Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Gao Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiu-Qiong Fu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Wei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Qu J, Yang SZ, Zhu Y, Guo T, Thannickal VJ, Zhou Y. Targeting mechanosensitive MDM4 promotes lung fibrosis resolution in aged mice. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20202033. [PMID: 33688918 PMCID: PMC7953267 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20202033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a strong risk factor and an independent prognostic factor for progressive human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Aged mice develop nonresolving pulmonary fibrosis following lung injury. In this study, we found that mouse double minute 4 homolog (MDM4) is highly expressed in the fibrotic lesions of human IPF and experimental pulmonary fibrosis in aged mice. We identified MDM4 as a matrix stiffness-regulated endogenous inhibitor of p53. Reducing matrix stiffness down-regulates MDM4 expression, resulting in p53 activation in primary lung myofibroblasts isolated from IPF patients. Gain of p53 function activates a gene program that sensitizes lung myofibroblasts to apoptosis and promotes the clearance of apoptotic myofibroblasts by macrophages. Destiffening of the fibrotic lung matrix by targeting nonenzymatic cross-linking or genetic ablation of Mdm4 in lung (myo)fibroblasts activates the Mdm4-p53 pathway and promotes lung fibrosis resolution in aged mice. These findings suggest that mechanosensitive MDM4 is a molecular target with promising therapeutic potential against persistent lung fibrosis associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shan-Zhong Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Victor J. Thannickal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Bagheri F, Amri J, Salehi M, Karami H, Alimoradian A, Latifi SA. Effect of Artemisia absinthium ethanolic extract on oxidative stress markers and the TLR4, S100A4, Bax and Bcl-2 genes expression in the kidney of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2020; 41:/j/hmbci.ahead-of-print/hmbci-2020-0028/hmbci-2020-0028.xml. [PMID: 33079704 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2020-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study was conducted to examine antidiabetic effects of Artemisia absinthium ethanolic extract [A. absinthium] and to investigate its effects on oxidative stress markers and the expression of TLR4, S100A4, Bax and Bcl-2 genes in the kidney of STZ-induced diabetic rats. METHODS Thirty six rats (weight 200-250 g) were randomly divided into diabetes and control groups. Induction of diabetes was performed using STZ (55 mg/kg.bw). Biochemical parameters and oxidative stress markers (SOD and MDA) were measured using spectrophotometry after 60 days of treatment. The expression of TLR4, S100A4, Bax and Bcl-2 were analyzed by real-time PCR. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to compare the data. RESULTS Diabetes significantly impairs the serum fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profile, urea, creatinine and albumin. At the end of treatment with A. absinthium extract, these parameters were close to the normal range. The results showed that the A. absinthium extract significantly decreased the kidney expression of TLR4, S100A4, Bax and increased the expression of Bcl-2 and improved oxidative stress markers (SOD and MDA) in the kidney tissues of treated rats. Also, all of these beneficial effects of the A. absinthium were dose-dependent. CONCLUSIONS The extract of A. absinthium possesses antidiabetic effects. A. absinthium decreased the expression of TLR4, S100A4, Bax and increased the expression of Bcl-2 and improved oxidative stress. Therefore, this herbal extract can be used as an adjuvant treatment for diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bagheri
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Jamal Amri
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Islamic Republic of Iran.,Member of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehdi Salehi
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hadi Karami
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Abbas Alimoradian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Seied Amirhossein Latifi
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Jia RB, Wu J, Li ZR, Ou ZR, Lin L, Sun B, Zhao M. Structural characterization of polysaccharides from three seaweed species and their hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities in type 2 diabetic rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:1040-1049. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kopalli SR, Kang TB, Koppula S. Necroptosis inhibitors as therapeutic targets in inflammation mediated disorders - a review of the current literature and patents. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:1239-1256. [PMID: 27568917 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2016.1230201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies have shown substantial interplay between the apoptosis and necroptosis pathways. Necroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, has been found to stimulate the immune system contributing to the pathophysiology of several inflammation-mediated disorders. Determining the contribution of necroptotic signaling pathways to inflammation may lead to the development of selective and specific molecular target implicated necroptosis inhibitors. Areas covered: This review summarizes the recently published and patented necroptosis inhibitors as therapeutic targets in inflammation-mediated disorders. The role of several necroptosis inhibitors, focusing on specific signaling molecules, was discussed with particular attention to inflammation-mediated disorders. Data was obtained from Espacenet®, WIPO®, USPTO® patent websites, and other relevant sources (2006-2016). Expert opinion: Necroptosis inhibitors hold promise for treatment of inflammation-mediated clinical conditions in which necroptotic cell death plays a major role. Although necroptosis inhibitors reviewed in this survey showed inhibitory effects against several inflammation-mediated disorders, only a few have passed to the stage of clinical testing and need extensive research for therapeutic practice. Revisiting the existing drugs and developing novel necroptosis inhibiting agents as well as understanding their mechanism are essential. A detailed study of necroptosis function in animal models of inflammation may provide us an alternative strategy for the development of drug-like necroptosis inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tae-Bong Kang
- a College of Biomedical and Health Sciences , Konkuk University , Chungju , Republic of Korea
| | - Sushruta Koppula
- a College of Biomedical and Health Sciences , Konkuk University , Chungju , Republic of Korea
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Lee Y, Byun HS, Seok JH, Park KA, Won M, Seo W, Lee SR, Kang K, Sohn KC, Lee IY, Kim HG, Son CG, Shen HM, Hur GM. Terminalia Chebula provides protection against dual modes of necroptotic and apoptotic cell death upon death receptor ligation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25094. [PMID: 27117478 PMCID: PMC4846877 DOI: 10.1038/srep25094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Death receptor (DR) ligation elicits two different modes of cell death (necroptosis and apoptosis) depending on the cellular context. By screening a plant extract library from cells undergoing necroptosis or apoptosis, we identified a water extract of Terminalia chebula (WETC) as a novel and potent dual inhibitor of DR-mediated cell death. Investigation of the underlying mechanisms of its anti-necroptotic and anti-apoptotic action revealed that WETC or its constituents (e.g., gallic acid) protected against tumor necrosis factor-induced necroptosis via the suppression of TNF-induced ROS without affecting the upstream signaling events. Surprisingly, WETC also provided protection against DR-mediated apoptosis by inhibition of the caspase cascade. Furthermore, it activated the autophagy pathway via suppression of mTOR. Of the WETC constituents, punicalagin and geraniin appeared to possess the most potent anti-apoptotic and autophagy activation effect. Importantly, blockage of autophagy with pharmacological inhibitors or genetic silencing of Atg5 selectively abolished the anti-apoptotic function of WETC. These results suggest that WETC protects against dual modes of cell death upon DR ligation. Therefore, WETC might serve as a potential treatment for diseases characterized by aberrantly sensitized apoptotic or non-apoptotic signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonjung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Byun
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Seok
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Ah Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Won
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonhyoung Seo
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ra Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, Republic of Korea
| | - Kidong Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Cheol Sohn
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, Republic of Korea
| | - Ill Young Lee
- Eco-Friendly New Materials Reserch Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Geug Kim
- Liver &Immunology Research Center, Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon 302-122, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Gue Son
- Liver &Immunology Research Center, Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon 302-122, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Ming Shen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, Republic of Korea
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Hughes FM, Kennis JG, Youssef MN, Lowe DW, Shaner BE, Purves JT. The NACHT, LRR and PYD Domains-Containing Protein 3 (NLRP3) Inflammasome Mediates Inflammation and Voiding Dysfunction in a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Rat Model of Cystitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 7. [PMID: 27066297 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9899.1000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE NOD-like receptors (NLRs) sense sterile and non-sterile signals and form inflammasomes which trigger an inflammatory response through the activation of caspase-1 and release of IL-1β. Recently we have shown the presence of several NLRs in the bladder urothelia and demonstrated the importance of NLRP3 in bladder outlet obstruction and cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis, both models of sterile inflammation. In this study we explore a role for NLRP3 in mediating the response to LPS, a key antigen of uropathogenic bacteria. METHOD In order to bypass the protective glycosaminoglycan layer lining the urothelium, LPS was directly injected into the bladder wall of Sprague-Dawley rats. Glyburide (a NLRP3 inhibitor) or vehicle was administered orally prior to and after injection. Rats were analyzed 24 h later. Inflammasome activity (caspase-1 activity, IL-1β release) and inflammation (Evan's Blue extravasation, bladder weight) were assessed, as was physiological bladder function (urodynamics). RESULTS Injection of LPS stimulated inflammasome activation (caspase-1 activity) and the release of IL-1β into the urine which was prevented by glyburide. Likewise, LPS increased inflammation, (bladder weight and the extravasation of Evan's blue dye), and this was reversed by glyburide. Functionally, animals injected with saline alone demonstrated decreased voiding volume as measured by urodynamics. In the presence of LPS, additional urinary dysfunction was evident with decreased voiding pressures and threshold pressures. The decrease in voiding pressure was blocked by glyburide but the decrease in threshold pressure was not, suggesting that LPS has significant effects mediated by inflammasome-dependent and -independent mechanisms. CONCLUSION Overall, the results demonstrate the potential importance of inflammasomes in bacterial cystitis as well as the ability of the bladder wall injection technique to isolate the in vivo effects of specific inflammasome ligands to the physiological changes associated with cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis M Hughes
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Urology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - James G Kennis
- Department of Urology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Melissa N Youssef
- Department of Urology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Danielle W Lowe
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Brooke E Shaner
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - J Todd Purves
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Urology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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The NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediates Inflammation Produced by Bladder Outlet Obstruction. J Urol 2015; 195:1598-1605. [PMID: 26707508 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While bladder outlet obstruction is well established to elicit an inflammatory reaction in the bladder that leads to overactive bladder and fibrosis, little is known about the mechanism by which this is initiated. NLRs (NOD-like receptors) and the structures that they form (inflammasomes) have been identified as sensors of cellular damage, including pressure induced damage, and triggers of inflammation. Recently we identified these structures in the urothelium. In this study we assessed the role of the NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3) inflammasome in bladder dysfunction resulting from bladder outlet obstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bladder outlet obstruction was created in female rats by inserting a 1 mm outer diameter transurethral catheter, tying a silk ligature around the urethra and removing the catheter. Untreated and sham operated rats served as controls. Rats with bladder outlet obstruction were given vehicle (10% ethanol) or 10 mg/kg glyburide (a NLRP3 inhibitor) orally daily for 12 days. Inflammasome activity, bladder hypertrophy, inflammation and bladder function (urodynamics) were assessed. RESULTS Bladder outlet obstruction increased urothelial inflammasome activity, bladder hypertrophy and inflammation, and decreased voided volume. Glyburide blocked inflammasome activation, reduced hypertrophy and prevented inflammation. The decrease in voided volume was also attenuated by glyburide mechanistically as an increase in detrusor contraction duration and voiding period. CONCLUSION Results suggest the importance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the induction of inflammation and bladder dysfunction secondary to bladder outlet obstruction. Arresting these processes with NLRP3 inhibitors may prove useful to treat the symptoms that they produce.
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