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Akinboye OI, Zhang Y, Kondapalli VKR, Yang F, Mandrolko V, Isaiev M, Pernot G, Shanov V, Wu Y, Bahk JH. Boosting Thermoelectric Power Factor of Carbon Nanotube Networks with Excluded Volume by Co-Embedded Microparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:42881-42890. [PMID: 37656973 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) networks embedded in a polymer matrix have been extensively studied as a flexible thermoelectric transport medium over the recent years. However, their power factor has been largely limited by the relatively inefficient tunneling transport at junctions between CNTs and the low-density conducting channels throughout the networks. This work demonstrates that significant power factor enhancements can be achieved by adding electrically insulating microscale particles in three-dimensional CNT networks embedded in the polymer matrix. When silica particles of a few μm diameters were co-embedded in single-walled CNT (SWCNT)-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites, both the electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient were simultaneously enhanced, thereby boosting the power factor by more than a factor of six. We found that the silica microparticles excluded a large volume of the composite from the access of CNTs and caused CNT networks to form around them with the polymer as a binder, resulting in improved network connectivity and alignment of CNTs. Our theoretical calculations based on junction tunneling transport for three-dimensional CNT networks show that the significant power factor enhancement can be attributed to the enhanced tunneling with reduced junction distance between CNTs. Additional power factor enhancement by a factor of three was achieved by sample compression, which further reduced the mean junction distance to enhance tunneling but also reduced the geometric factor at the same time, limiting the enhancement of electrical conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwasegun Isaac Akinboye
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | | | - Fan Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | | | - Mykola Isaiev
- CNRS, LEMTA, Université de Lorraine, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Gilles Pernot
- CNRS, LEMTA, Université de Lorraine, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Vesselin Shanov
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Je-Hyeong Bahk
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
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Tudose IV, Mouratis K, Ionescu ON, Romanitan C, Pachiu C, Tutunaru-Brincoveanu O, Suchea MP, Koudoumas E. Comparative Study of Graphene Nanoplatelets and Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes-Polypropylene Composite Materials for Electromagnetic Shielding. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142411. [PMID: 35889642 PMCID: PMC9316207 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-polypropylene (PP) composite materials for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications were fabricated as 1 mm thick panels and their properties were studied. Structural and morphologic characterization indicated that the obtained composite materials are not simple physical mixtures of these components but new materials with particular properties, the filler concentration and nature affecting the nanomaterials’ structure and their conductivity. In the case of GNPs, their characteristics have a dramatic effect of their functionality, since they can lead to composites with lower conductivity and less effective EMI shielding. Regarding CNTs-PP composite panels, these were found to exhibit excellent EMI attenuation of more than 40 dB, for 10% CNTs concentration. The development of PP-based composite materials with added value and particular functionality (i.e., electrical conductivity and EMI shielding) is highly significant since PP is one of the most used polymers, the best for injection molding, and virtually infinitely recyclable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioan Valentin Tudose
- Center of Materials Technology and Photonics, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (I.V.T.); (K.M.)
- Chemistry Department, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Mouratis
- Center of Materials Technology and Photonics, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (I.V.T.); (K.M.)
| | - Octavian Narcis Ionescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT-Bucharest), 023573 Bucharest, Romania; (O.N.I.); (C.R.); (C.P.); (O.T.-B.)
- Petroleum and Gas University of Ploiesti, 100680 Ploiesti, Romania
| | - Cosmin Romanitan
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT-Bucharest), 023573 Bucharest, Romania; (O.N.I.); (C.R.); (C.P.); (O.T.-B.)
| | - Cristina Pachiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT-Bucharest), 023573 Bucharest, Romania; (O.N.I.); (C.R.); (C.P.); (O.T.-B.)
| | - Oana Tutunaru-Brincoveanu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT-Bucharest), 023573 Bucharest, Romania; (O.N.I.); (C.R.); (C.P.); (O.T.-B.)
| | - Mirela Petruta Suchea
- Center of Materials Technology and Photonics, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (I.V.T.); (K.M.)
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies (IMT-Bucharest), 023573 Bucharest, Romania; (O.N.I.); (C.R.); (C.P.); (O.T.-B.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Correspondence: or (M.P.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Emmanouel Koudoumas
- Center of Materials Technology and Photonics, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece; (I.V.T.); (K.M.)
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Correspondence: or (M.P.S.); (E.K.)
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Strugova D, Ferreira Junior JC, David É, Demarquette NR. Ultra-Low Percolation Threshold Induced by Thermal Treatments in Co-Continuous Blend-Based PP/PS/MWCNTs Nanocomposites. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061620. [PMID: 34205535 PMCID: PMC8234504 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the crystallization of polypropylene (PP) forming an immiscible polymer blend with polystyrene (PS) containing conductive multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on its electrical conductivity and electrical percolation threshold (PT) was investigated in this work. PP/PS/MWCNTs composites with a co-continuous morphology and a concentration of MWCNTs ranging from 0 to 2 wt.% were obtained. The PT was greatly reduced by a two-step approach. First, a 50% reduction in the PT was achieved by using the effect of double percolation in the blend system compared to PP/MWCNTs. Second, with the additional thermal treatments, referred to as slow-cooling treatment (with the cooling rate 0.5 °C/min), and isothermal treatment (at 135 °C for 15 min), ultra-low PT values were achieved for the PP/PS/MWCNTs system. A 0.06 wt.% of MWCNTs was attained upon the use of the slow-cooling treatment and 0.08 wt.% of MWCNTs upon the isothermal treatment. This reduction is attributed to PP crystals' volume exclusion, with no alteration in the blend morphology.
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Percolated Network of Mixed Nanoparticles with Different Sizes in Polymer Nanocomposites: A Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123301. [PMID: 34203759 PMCID: PMC8232767 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The size of real nanoparticles (NPs) is polydisperse which can influence the electrical property of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs). Here, we explored the percolated network of mixed NPs with different sizes (small NPs and big NPs) by adopting a molecular dynamics simulation. The simulated results reveal that the big NPs are adverse to building the percolated network compared to the small NPs. Thus, the percolation threshold becomes higher along with increasing the mixing ratio, which denotes the concentration ratio of big NPs to the total NPs. For a better understanding of it, the dispersion state and the number and the size of clusters are employed to analyze the percolated network, which can explain the percolation threshold well. Furthermore, by adopting the Sun’s theory (Macromolecules, 2009, 42, 459–463), small and big NPs exhibit a weak antagonistic effect in the simulation if their total concentration is fixed. On the one hand, the number of small NPs is larger than that of big NPs at the same concentration. In addition, one big NP can connect to more others than one small NP. These two contrast effects are responsible for it. Interestingly, the shear flow leads to more contact aggregation structure of NPs which is beneficial to build the new percolated networks. Especially, the big NPs play a more important role in forming the percolated network than small NPs. Consequently, the percolation threshold is reduced at a higher shear rate. In total, our research work provides a further understanding of how the mixed NPs with different sizes form the percolated network in polymer matrix.
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Tokobaro PEA, Larocca NM, Backes EH, Pessan LA. Effects of mineral fillers addition and preparation method on the morphology and electrical conductivity of epoxy/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nelson Marcos Larocca
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
| | - Eduardo Henrique Backes
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
| | - Luiz Antonio Pessan
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
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Qu F, Sun W, Li B, Li F, Gao Y, Zhao X, Zhang L. Synergistic effect in improving the electrical conductivity in polymer nanocomposites by mixing spherical and rod-shaped fillers. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10454-10462. [PMID: 33057553 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00993h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation is adopted to investigate the effect of hybrid fillers [nanospheres (NSs) and nanorods (NRs)] on the conductive probability of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) in the quiescent state and under the shear field. The percolation threshold gradually rises as the volume fraction ratio (α) of NSs to all the fillers increases in the quiescent state. Compared to the NSs, the greater number of beads in the NRs help them connect to other NRs to form the conductive network. Meanwhile, compared to NSs, more NRs participate in building the conductive network. A transition from the synergistic effect to the antagonistic effect occurs as the NS-NR tunneling distance is reduced. Furthermore, the shear field induces a more direct aggregation structure of NSs, which act as linkers between fillers to protect the conductive network. This result is confirmed by the fact that more NSs occupy the conductive network under the shear field. As a result, the percolation threshold declines with increasing shear rate. Finally, compared to in the quiescent state, the percolation threshold increases at α = 0.0 and remains nearly unchanged for α = 0.25 under the shear field, while it gradually decreases for α≥ 0.5. In total, the results further our understanding of how to realize the synergistic effect between NSs and NRs when forming a conductive network of PNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 10029, People's Republic of China.
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Lee J, Yun Y, Lee SH, Hwang J. Numerical Characterization for Electrical Conductivity of Two-Dimensional Nanocomposite Systems with Conducting Fiber Fillers. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13102410. [PMID: 32456278 PMCID: PMC7288332 DOI: 10.3390/ma13102410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid nanotube composite systems with two different types of fillers attract considerable attention in several applications. The incorporation of secondary fillers exhibits conflicting behaviors of the electrical conductivity, which either increases or decreases according to the dimension of secondary fillers. This paper addresses quantitative models to predict the electrical performance in the configuration of two dimensional systems with one-dimensional secondary fillers. To characterize these properties, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted for percolating networks with a realistic model with the consideration of the resistance of conducting NWs, which conventional computational approaches mostly lack from the common assumption of zero-resistance or perfect conducting NWs. The simulation results with nonperfect conductor NWs are compared with the previous results of perfect conductors. The variation of the electrical conductivity reduces with the consideration of the resistance as compared to the cases with perfect conducting fillers, where the overall electrical conductivity solely originates from the contact resistance caused by tunneling effects between NWs. In addition, it is observed that the resistance associated with the case of invariant conductivity with respect to the dimension of the secondary fillers increases, resulting in the need for secondary fillers with the increased scale to achieve the same electrical performance. The results offer useful design guidelines for the use of a two-dimensional percolation network for flexible conducting electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmin Lee
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang-si 10540, Korea;
| | - Yesol Yun
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Sang Hyun Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.H.L.); (J.H.); Tel.: +82-2-300-0422 (J.H.)
| | - Jinyoung Hwang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang-si 10540, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.H.L.); (J.H.); Tel.: +82-2-300-0422 (J.H.)
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8
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An Overview of the Recent Developments in Metal Matrix Nanocomposites Reinforced by Graphene. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12172823. [PMID: 31480703 PMCID: PMC6747968 DOI: 10.3390/ma12172823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional graphene plateletes with unique mechanical, electrical and thermo-physical properties could attract more attention for their employed as reinforcements in the production of new metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs), due to superior characteristics, such as being lightweight, high strength and high performance. Over the last years, due to the rapid advances of nanotechnology, increasing demand for the development of advanced MMNCs for various applications, such as structural engineering and functional device applications, has been generated. The purpose of this work is to review recent research into the development in the powder-based production, property characterization and application of magnesium, aluminum, copper, nickel, titanium and iron matrix nanocomposites reinforced with graphene. These include a comparison between the properties of graphene and another well-known carbonaceous reinforcement (carbon nanotube), following by powder-based processing strategies of MMNCs above, their mechanical and tribological properties and their electrical and thermal conductivities. The effects of graphene distribution in the metal matrices and the types of interfacial bonding are also discussed. Fundamentals and the structure–property relationship of such novel nanocomposites have also been discussed and reported.
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9
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Park SH, Hwang J, Park GS, Ha JH, Zhang M, Kim D, Yun DJ, Lee S, Lee SH. Modeling the electrical resistivity of polymer composites with segregated structures. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2537. [PMID: 31182709 PMCID: PMC6557821 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10514-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid carbon nanotube composites with two different types of fillers have attracted considerable attention for various advantages. The incorporation of micro-scale secondary fillers creates an excluded volume that leads to the increase in the electrical conductivity. By contrast, nano-scale secondary fillers shows a conflicting behavior of the decreased electrical conductivity with micro-scale secondary fillers. Although several attempts have been made in theoretical modeling of secondary-filler composites, the knowledge about how the electrical conductivity depends on the dimension of secondary fillers was not fully understood. This work aims at comprehensive understanding of the size effect of secondary particulate fillers on the electrical conductivity, via the combination of Voronoi geometry induced from Swiss cheese models and the underlying percolation theory. This indicates a transition in the impact of the excluded volume, i.e., the adjustment of the electrical conductivity was measured in cooperation with loading of second fillers with different sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hoon Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea.
| | - Jinyoung Hwang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang-si, 10540, South Korea
| | - Gyeong-Su Park
- Department of Material Science and Engineering and Research Institute of Advanced Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hwan Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea
| | - Minsu Zhang
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Dongearn Kim
- Korean Institute of Industrial Technology, Incheon, 21999, South Korea
| | - Dong-Jin Yun
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics, Suwon, 16678, South Korea
| | - Sangeui Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
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Al-Saleh MH. Carbon-based polymer nanocomposites as dielectric energy storage materials. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:062001. [PMID: 30523988 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaf12c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured polymeric materials based on conductive nanofillers have promising applications in the energy storage field owing to the extraordinary characteristics of the nanofillers. Conductive nanofillers, such as graphene nanoplatelets, are characterized by small size, extraordinary surface area to volume ratio, high aspect-ratio and extremely low electrical resistivity. In this work, the dielectric behaviors and the corresponding energy storage capabilities of high aspect-ratio carbon nanofiller/polymer composites were reviewed. At the electrical percolation point, a conductive composite exhibits a sudden and remarkable enhancement in dielectric constant and dielectric loss. The challenge is to maintain the increase in dielectric constant while preventing the increase in dielectric loss. Various physical and chemical methodologies have been followed to overcome this challenge including surface chemistry modifications, physical alignment of nanofillers and utilizing of hybrid mixtures. Promising results were reported to minimize the energy loss due to the conductive network formation. Nanocomposites with a dielectric constant of 103 and dielectric loss of only 0.08 were successfully fabricated. However, more work is still needed for a further enhancement in dielectric constant and reduction in the energy loss and to improve the storage capabilities of the nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed H Al-Saleh
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates. Department of Chemical Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Wu JY, Lai YC, Chang CL, Hung WC, Wu HM, Liao YC, Huang CH, Liu WR. Facile and Green Synthesis of Graphene-Based Conductive Adhesives via Liquid Exfoliation Process. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 9:nano9010038. [PMID: 30597905 PMCID: PMC6358893 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report a facile and green process to synthesize high-quality and few-layer graphene (FLG) derived from graphite via a liquid exfoliation process. The corresponding characterizations of FLG, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy, were carried out. The results of SEM show that the lateral size of as-synthesized FLG is 1–5 μm. The results of TEM and AFM indicate more than 80% of graphene layers is <10 layers. The most surprising thing is that D/G ratio of graphite and FLG are 0.15 and 0.19, respectively. The result of the similar D/G ratio demonstrates that little structural defects were created via the liquid exfoliation process. Electronic conductivity tests and resistance of composite film, in terms of different contents of graphite/polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and FLG/PVDF, were carried out. Dramatically, the FLG/PVDF composite demonstrates superior performance compared to the graphite/PVDF composite at the same ratio. In addition, the post-sintering process plays an important role in improving electronic conductivity by 85%. The composition-optimized FLG/PVDF thin film exhibits 81.9 S·cm−1. These results indicate that the developed FLG/PVDF composite adhesives could be a potential candidate for conductive adhesive applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhao-Yi Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, 32023, No. 200, Chun Pei Rd., Chung Li District, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chin Lai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Liang Chang
- National Chung Shan Institute of Science & Technology, Neighborhood, Sec. Jia'an, Zhongzheng Rd., Longtan Dist., Taoyuan 32546, Taiwan.
| | - Wu-Ching Hung
- National Chung Shan Institute of Science & Technology, Neighborhood, Sec. Jia'an, Zhongzheng Rd., Longtan Dist., Taoyuan 32546, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Min Wu
- National Chung Shan Institute of Science & Technology, Neighborhood, Sec. Jia'an, Zhongzheng Rd., Longtan Dist., Taoyuan 32546, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Chih Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Hung Huang
- Metal Industries Research and Development Centre, Kaohsiung 81160, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ren Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, 32023, No. 200, Chun Pei Rd., Chung Li District, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan.
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Russo P, Patti A, Petrarca C, Acierno S. Thermal conductivity and dielectric properties of polypropylene-based hybrid compounds containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Russo
- Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli; Naples 80078 Italy
| | - A. Patti
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering; University of Naples Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80; Naples 80125 Italy
| | - C. Petrarca
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology; University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21; Naples 80125 Italy
| | - S. Acierno
- Department of Engineering; University of Sannio, Piazza Roma 21; Benevento 82100 Italy
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13
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Effect of carbon fiber as secondary filler on the electrical, thermal and rheological properties of carbon fiber/polypropylene composites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2017-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, hybrid composites based on carbon fiber (CF) and polypropylene (PP) were fabricated by melt mixing techniques. The composite with optimum fiber length (8 mm) was chosen as a reference material, and to it, CF of various lengths (6 mm, 100 μm, 60 μm and 100 nm) were added as secondary filler. To understand the synergism effect of these fibers, electrical, rheological, thermal and morphological properties of composites were studied. The surface resistivity of the neat PP is in the order of 1017 ohm/square. It is observed that surface resistivity of a single fiber filled composite is in the range of 104 ohm/square, while it further decreased by three-fold (101 ohm/square) in the case of secondary fiber filled composites, indicating that the electrical network remains intact. Thermal analysis shows variation in crystallization of hybrid composites that can correlate to the lengths of secondary fibers. The rheological analysis shows that the frequency dependence of storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) in the lower frequency region indicates an elastic solid like behavior of these composites. The morphological behavior showed that the CFs are well dispersed and form a good adhesion with the polymer matrix.
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14
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Méndez R, Constant B, Garzon C, Nisar M, Nachtigall SMB, Quijada R. Barrier, mechanical and conductive properties of polycaprolactam nanocomposites containing carbon-based particles: Effect of the kind of particle. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Palza H, Garzon C, Rojas M. Elastomeric ethylene copolymers with carbon nanostructures having tailored strain sensor behavior and their interpretation based on the excluded volume theory. POLYM INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Humberto Palza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología; Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile
| | - Cristhian Garzon
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología; Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología; Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile
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16
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Riquelme J, Garzón C, Bergmann C, Geshev J, Quijada R. Development of multifunctional polymer nanocomposites with carbon-based hybrid nanostructures synthesized from ferrocene. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Al-Saleh MH. Effect of Clay Addition on the Properties of Carbon Nanotubes-Filled Immiscible Polyethylene/Polypropylene Blends. J MACROMOL SCI B 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2015.1085753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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18
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Gómez M, Bracho D, Palza H, Quijada R. Effect of morphology on the permeability, mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene/SiO2
nanocomposites. POLYM INT 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.4909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Gómez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología; FCFM Universidad de Chile; Beauchef 850 Santiago Chile
| | - Diego Bracho
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología; FCFM Universidad de Chile; Beauchef 850 Santiago Chile
| | - Humberto Palza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología; FCFM Universidad de Chile; Beauchef 850 Santiago Chile
| | - Raúl Quijada
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Biotecnología; FCFM Universidad de Chile; Beauchef 850 Santiago Chile
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Huegun A, Fernández M, Peña J, Muñoz ME, Santamaría A. Liquid-State and Solid-State Properties of Nanotube/Polypropylene Nanocomposites Elaborated via a Simple Procedure. NANOMATERIALS 2013; 3:173-191. [PMID: 28348329 PMCID: PMC5304932 DOI: 10.3390/nano3010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-modified Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) and polypropylene (PP) in absence of compatibilizer have been chosen to elaborate MWCNT/PP nanocomposites using a simple melt-mixing dispersing method. Calorimetry results indicate little effect of MWCNTs on crystallinity of PP, revealing not much interaction between nanotubes and PP chains, which is compatible with the employed manufacturing procedure. In any case, a hindering of polymer chains motion by MWCNTs is observed in the molten state, using oscillatory flow experiments, and a rheological percolation threshold is determined. The percolation limit is not noticed by Pressure-Volume-Temperature (PVT) measurements in the melt, because this technique rather detects local motions. Keeping the nanocomposites in the molten state provokes an electrical conductivity increase of several orders of magnitude, but on ulterior crystallization, the conductivity decreases, probably due to a reduction of the ionic conductivity. For a concentration of 2% MWCNTs, in the limit of percolation, the conductivity decreases considerably more, because percolation network constituted in the molten state is unstable and is destroyed during crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arrate Huegun
- Polymer Science and Technology Department and Polymer Institute POLYMAT, Faculty of Chemistry and J. M. Korta Building, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 1072, E-20080 San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Fernández
- Polymer Science and Technology Department and Polymer Institute POLYMAT, Faculty of Chemistry and J. M. Korta Building, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 1072, E-20080 San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Juanjo Peña
- Department of Physics of Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 1072, E-20080 San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - María Eugenia Muñoz
- Polymer Science and Technology Department and Polymer Institute POLYMAT, Faculty of Chemistry and J. M. Korta Building, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 1072, E-20080 San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Antxon Santamaría
- Polymer Science and Technology Department and Polymer Institute POLYMAT, Faculty of Chemistry and J. M. Korta Building, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 1072, E-20080 San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.
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