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González LA, Carvalho JGS, Kuinchtner BC, Dona AC, Baruselli PS, D'Occhio MJ. Plasma metabolomics reveals major changes in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism of abruptly weaned beef calves. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8176. [PMID: 37210395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
1H NMR-based metabolomics was used to study the effect of abrupt weaning on the blood metabolome of beef calves. Twenty Angus calves (258 ± 5 kg BW; 5 to 6 months old) were randomly assigned to a non-weaned (NW) group that remained grazing with their dam or a weaned (W) group that underwent abrupt separation from their dam to a separate paddock on d 0 of the study. Body weight, behaviour, and blood samples for cortisol and metabolomics were measured at d 0, 1, 2, 7, and 14 of the study. On d 1 and 2, W calves spent less time grazing and ruminating, and more time vocalising and walking, had a greater concentration of cortisol, NEFA, 3-hydroxybutyrate, betaine, creatine, and phenylalanine, and lesser abundance of tyrosine (P < 0.05) compared to NW calves. Compared to NW calves at d 14, W calves had greater (P < 0.01) relative abundance of acetate, glucose, allantoin, creatinine, creatine, creatine phosphate, glutamate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate, and seven AA (alanine, glutamate, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, threonine and valine) but lesser (P < 0.05) relative abundance of low density and very low-density lipids, and unsaturated lipids. Both PCA and OPLS-DA showed no clustering or discrimination between groups at d 0 and increasing divergence to d 14. Blood metabolomics is a useful tool to quantify the acute effects of stress in calves during the first 2 days after abrupt weaning, and longer-term changes in carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism due to nutritional changes from cessation of milk intake and greater reliance on forage intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano A González
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture, and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia.
| | - Julia G S Carvalho
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture, and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno C Kuinchtner
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture, and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
- Natural Pasture Ecology Laboratory (LEPAN), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Anthony C Dona
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Northern Medical School, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Pietro S Baruselli
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michael J D'Occhio
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture, and School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, 2570, Australia
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da Silva JT, Manzoni T, Rocha NB, Santos G, Miqueo E, Slanzon GS, Bittar CMM. Evaluation of milk replacer supplemented with lysine and methionine in combination with glutamate and glutamine in dairy calves. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1436549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jackeline Thais da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Manzoni
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Brito Rocha
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glauber Santos
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evangelina Miqueo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovana Simão Slanzon
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Maris Machado Bittar
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Sao Paulo, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Rosa F, Busato S, Avaroma FC, Linville K, Trevisi E, Osorio JS, Bionaz M. Transcriptional changes detected in fecal RNA of neonatal dairy calves undergoing a mild diarrhea are associated with inflammatory biomarkers. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191599. [PMID: 29373601 PMCID: PMC5786293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
After birth, a newborn calf has to adapt to an extrauterine life characterized by several physiological changes. In particular, maturation of the gastrointestinal tract in a new environment loaded with potential pathogens, which can predispose neonatal calves to develop diarrhea, and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality during the first 4 wks of life. We aimed to investigate the inflammatory adaptations at a transcriptomic level in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to a mild diarrhea in neonatal dairy calves using RNA isolated from fresh fecal samples. Eight newborn Jersey male calves were used from birth to 5 wks of age and housed in individual pens. After birth, calves received 1.9 L of colostrum from their respective dams. Calves had ad-libitum access to water and starter grain (22% CP) and were fed twice daily a total of 5.6 L pasteurized whole milk. Starter intake, body weight (BW), fecal score, withers height (WH), and rectal temperature (RT) were recorded throughout the experiment. Blood samples were collected weekly for metabolic and inflammatory profiling from wk 0 to wk 5. Fresh fecal samples were collected weekly and immediately flash frozen until RNA was extracted using a Trizol-based method, and subsequently, an RT-qPCR analysis was performed. Orthogonal contrasts were used to evaluate linear or quadratic effects over time. Starter intake, BW, and WH increased over time. Fecal score was greatest (2.6 ± 0.3) during wk 2. The concentrations of IL-6, ceruloplasmin, and haptoglobin had a positive quadratic effect with maximal concentrations during wk 2, which corresponded to the maximal fecal score observed during the same time. The concentration of serum amyloid A decreased over time. The mRNA expression of the proinflammatory related genes TLR4, TNFA, IL8, and IL1B had a positive quadratic effect of time. A time effect was observed for the cell membrane sodium-dependent glucose transporter SLC5A1, for the major carbohydrate facilitated transporter SLC2A2, and water transport function AQP3, where SLC5A1 and AQP3 had a negative quadratic effect over time. Our data support the use of the fecal RNA as a noninvasive tool to investigate intestinal transcriptomic profiling of dairy calves experiencing diarrhea, which would be advantageous for future research including nutritional effects and health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Rosa
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Sebastiano Busato
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Fatima C. Avaroma
- Escuela Agrícola Panamericana El Zamorano, El Zamorano, Francisco Morazán, Honduras
| | - Kali Linville
- Department of Dairy and Food Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Erminio Trevisi
- Istituto di Zootecnica, Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Johan S. Osorio
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Massimo Bionaz
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America
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Dunn A, Welsh M, Gordon A, Arguello A, Morrison SJ, Earley B. Effect of passive transfer status on response to a glycoprotein E (gE)-negative bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) vaccine and weaning stress in pre-weaned dairy calves. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2017.1422257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Dunn
- Sustainable Livestock, Agri-Food and Bio-Sciences Institute, Hillsborough, Northern Ireland
| | - Michael Welsh
- Sisaf, Unit 15A Innovation Centre, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Alan Gordon
- Agri-Food and Bio-Sciences Institute, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Anastasio Arguello
- Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Co. Meath, Ireland
| | - Steven J. Morrison
- Sustainable Livestock, Agri-Food and Bio-Sciences Institute, Hillsborough, Northern Ireland
| | - Bernadette Earley
- Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Co. Meath, Ireland
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Yohe TT, Enger BD, Wang L, Tucker HLM, Ceh CA, Parsons CLM, Yu Z, Daniels KM. Short communication: Does early-life administration of a Megasphaera elsdenii probiotic affect long-term establishment of the organism in the rumen and alter rumen metabolism in the dairy calf? J Dairy Sci 2017; 101:1747-1751. [PMID: 29174148 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Megasphaera elsdenii is a bacterial species of the rumen that can utilize lactate to produce butyrate, a key volatile fatty acid often implicated in driving calf rumen development. Because lactate is abundant in the rumen of young calves, administration of M. elsdenii to increase butyrate production and thus promote calf rumen development is an appealing possibility. The main objective of this study was to determine whether M. elsdenii administration to calves via oral drench at 14 d of age affected its long-term establishment at 70 d postadministration. Ruminal volatile fatty acid and lactate profiles and blood glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were also examined to determine potential influence on rumen metabolism. Six neonatal Holstein heifer calves were blocked on d 1 by body weight (41.3 ± 1.8 kg) and total serum protein (5.23 ± 0.16 g/dL) and assigned to either the M. elsdenii (n = 3) or control (n = 3) treatment groups. On d 14, calves in the M. elsdenii group orally received 25 mL of a commercially available M. elsdenii suspension, whereas calves in the control group received 25 mL of the same product that had been autoclaved. Rumen contents and blood samples were collected weekly from each animal until 84 d of age. The oral administration of M. elsdenii at 14 d did not increase the abundance of M. elsdenii 70 d postdosing, alter rumen fermentation, or change blood metabolites associated with butyrate. These results suggest that a single administration of the M. elsdenii probiotic may not affect the rumen establishment of the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Yohe
- Dairy Science Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061
| | - B D Enger
- Dairy Science Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061
| | - L Wang
- Animal Sciences Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - H L M Tucker
- Dairy Science Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061
| | - C A Ceh
- Dairy Science Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061
| | - C L M Parsons
- Dairy Science Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061
| | - Z Yu
- Animal Sciences Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - K M Daniels
- Dairy Science Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061.
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Inabu Y, Saegusa A, Inouchi K, Koike S, Oba M, Sugino T. Plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 and 2 in calves fed calf starters containing lactose. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:9361-9371. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Performance of Holstein calves receiving equal quantities of milk at fixed or variable amounts per day during milk-feeding period. Animal 2017; 11:1737-1744. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117000647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Bowen Yoho W, Swank V, Eastridge M, O’Diam K, Daniels K. Jersey calf performance in response to high-protein, high-fat liquid feeds with varied fatty acid profiles: Intake and performance. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:2494-2506. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-6099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Fukumori R, Mita T, Sugino T, Obitsu T, Taniguchi K. Plasma concentrations and effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide in calves before and after weaning. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2012; 43:299-306. [PMID: 22683323 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (7-36) amide (GLP-1), secreted by the small intestine, has insulinotropic and glucose-lowering action. Basal plasma GLP-1 concentrations were measured in calves around the weaning period, the effect of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) on plasma GLP-1 concentrations was examined, and the effects of GLP-1 administration on plasma insulin, glucagon, and glucose concentrations were measured. Thirteen Holstein bull calves were fed whole milk and solid feed and weaned at 7 wk of age. Preprandial plasma samples were obtained from 5 calves once a week from week 0 to 13 to measure basal concentrations of plasma GLP-1 and insulin (experiment 1). Four calves were intravenously administered with a mixed solution of SCFA (2.4 mmol/kg body weight [BW]) in week 2 and 11 to measure plasma GLP-1 concentrations (experiment 2). Another 4 calves were intravenously injected with GLP-1 (1.0 μg/kg BW) to elucidate the response of plasma insulin, glucagon, and glucose concentrations in week 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, and 13 (experiment 3). In experiment 1, age and weaning did not affect preprandial basal concentrations of plasma GLP-1 throughout the experimental period. Preprandial insulin concentrations increased after weaning (P < 0.05), and GLP-1 and insulin were more strongly correlated postweaning than preweaning. In experiment 2, intravenous treatment with SCFA increased plasma GLP-1 concentrations in both week 2 and 11 (P < 0.05.) In experiment 3, intravenous GLP-1 treatment decreased plasma glucose concentrations throughout the experiment (P < 0.05), but increased plasma insulin concentrations only after weaning (P < 0.05). Treatment with GLP-1 did not affect plasma glucagon concentrations, regardless of age. These results indicate that preprandial basal concentrations of plasma GLP-1 in calves are not changed by weaning, but SCFA stimulate GLP-1 secretion. The insulinotropic action of GLP-1 is detected only after weaning, but the glucose-lowering action of GLP-1 is not affected by weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fukumori
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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Ghorbani A, Sadri H, Alizadeh A, Bruckmaier R. Performance and metabolic responses of Holstein calves to supplemental chromium in colostrum and milk. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:5760-9. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2012-5500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Performance and plasma metabolites of dairy calves fed starter containing sodium butyrate, calcium propionate or sodium monensin. Animal 2011; 5:239-45. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731110001965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Hayhurst C, Flint A, Løvendahl P, Woolliams J, Royal M. Genetic variation of metabolite and hormone concentration in UK Holstein-Friesian calves and the genetic relationship with economically important traits. J Dairy Sci 2009; 92:4001-7. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Khan M, Lee H, Lee W, Kim H, Kim S, Ki K, Park S, Ha J, Choi Y. Starch Source Evaluation in Calf Starter: I. Feed Consumption, Body Weight Gain, Structural Growth, and Blood Metabolites in Holstein Calves. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90:5259-68. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2007-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Klotz JL, Heitmann RN. Changes in Net Portal Nutrient Flux in Response to Weaning Transition and Ionophore Supplementation in Dairy Calves. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90:1326-39. [PMID: 17297108 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(07)71620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Dairy calf weaning is associated with ketone concentrations that exceed the levels occurring in adults, and weaning represents a potential energy loss that may be mitigated by ionophore supplementation. To assess the effects of weaning and ionophore supplementation on net nutrient flux across portal-drained viscera (PDV) tissues in dairy calves, concentrations of glucose, acetoacetate (ACAC), beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), nonesterified fatty acids, volatile fatty acids, lactate, pyruvate, insulin, and glucagon and PDV flux rates were determined in Jersey bull calves (n = 19) at 35, 56, 84, and 112 d of age. Calves were randomly assigned at birth to either a commercial pelleted starter without (CON) or with lasalocid (TRT; 83 mg/kg of dry matter). Calves were fed only milk replacer from d 3 to 34 (d 3 to 20 = 454 g/d; d 21 to 34 = 568 g/d). After blood sampling on d 35, calves received replacer (d 35 to 41 = 454 g/d; d 42 to 48 = 227 g/d) and had free access to the CON or TRT starter, and from d 49 to 112 they received CON or TRT ad libitum. Catheters were implanted in the portal vein and in the mesenteric vein and artery between d 21 and 28. Blood flow was measured by continuous infusion of p-aminohippurate into the mesenteric vein. Six serial samples were taken at 30-min intervals from the arterial and portal vein catheters simultaneously. Portal blood flow increased with age but did not differ between CON and TRT calves. Glucose was released preweaning and was extracted postweaning by PDV, but was not affected by ionophore. The portal flux of nonesterified fatty acids was not different from zero during any of the 4 sample ages. Fluxes of ACAC and BHBA in CON and TRT calves went from no measurable flux preweaning to a postweaning PDV release that peaked at d 84, but the d-84 release of ACAC and BHBA was lower in TRT calves. The portal flux of volatile fatty acids increased with age, and PDV release of both butyrate and propionate was lower at d 84 in TRT than in CON calves. However, TRT calves had a greater PDV release of lactate on d 84, partially compensating for the lower release of propionate. Glucagon was greater in CON than in TRT calves at d 84 and could be a response to the elevated ketogenesis observed in CON calves during this period. Changes in the metabolic profile and nutrient flux of transition calves were demonstrated in response to weaning and ionophore supplementation. Inclusion of an ionophore appeared to moderate alimentary output at a postweaning period (d 84) at which ketone concentrations have the potential to exceed the whole animal capacity for utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Klotz
- Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996, USA
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