Intracranial solitary chondroma. Case report

Para-Falcine Chondroma: An Entity of Unacquaintance-A Case Report and Review of Literature

Intracranial chondroma is a benign tumor arising from the rests of embryonic cartilages in the dura or dural folds, choroid plexus or the brain parenchyma. It is rare intracranially, but when it does occur, it is predominantly located at the skull base. Among the cohort of intracranial chondroma, the para-falcine location is the rarest. We report a challenging diagnosis and successful management of this rare intracranial para-falcine chondroma in a 53-year-old female patient.

Clinical and Radiologic Characteristics, Surgical Outcomes, and Its Possible Origins of Chondroma of the Dural Convexity

Chondroma of the dural convexity (CDC) is a benign and extremely rare type of intracranial chondroma. In this study, we reported five CDCs in a single center and reviewed the available literature to determine the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes and possible origins of the disease. The clinical data of five patients (4 females) who confirmed to be CDC between 2000 and 2019 in our single center was collected together with 22 cases from literatures. The clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes were reviewed and analyzed. Among all the available CDC cases, the mean age was 31 ± 13.7 years; the mean tumor volume was 42.3 ± 40.9 cm³, showing a female predominance (63% vs. 37%). The tumors showed calcification in 88.2% cases (15/17) on CT scans and hypointense on T1WI (15/19, 78.9%), mixed intense on T2WI (10/18, 55.6%), and inhomogeneous enhancement without dural tail sign after administration of gadolinium (20/21, 95.2%). Almost all the tumors were misdiagnosed as meningiomas preoperatively. In addition, almost all image available CDC lesions (24/25, 96%) located across the cranial sutures indicating that the tumor originated from ectopic chondrocytes from adjacent skull sutures. No tumors recurred after total resection in follow-up. CDCs are characterized with female predominance and may originate from ectopic chondrocytes from adjacent skull sutures. The lesion with inhomogeneous contrast enhancement without dural tail sign and avascular in cerebral angiography are key points to be differentiated from meningioma. The most effective treatment is total resection.

When Chondroma Happens in an Unexpected Location: A Case Report of Intra-Axial Intracranial Chondroma

Chondroma is a benign tumor of mature hyaline cartilage that is often found in the long bones and may be rarely diagnosed in other parts of the body. Here, we present a young patient with the definitive diagnosis of intra-axial intracranial chondroma and without dural connection. The presenting symptoms of the patient were headache and impaired vision. The brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a huge enhancing parasagittal brain mass. The diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, which was positive for S100.

Chondroma of the Falx Cerebri with Central Cystic Degeneration and Hemorrhage: A Case Report

Patient: Male, 44

Final Diagnosis: Falx cerberi chondroma

Symptoms: Headache

Medication: —

Clinical Procedure: Resection of the tumor

Specialty: Neurosurgery

Chondroma in the hypoglossal canal: A case report

Background:

Intracranial chondromas are rare tumors arising from the skull base. They are usually accompanied by functional impairments of some cranial nerves. However, hypoglossal nerve dysfunction is rare.

Case Description:

We report on a 57-year-old woman presenting with chondroma of the right hypoglossal canal leading to right hypoglossal nerve palsy.

Conclusions:

This report suggests that chondroma should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cases of hypoglossal lesions.

Giant convexity chondroma with meningeal attachment

OBJECTIVE

Intracranial chondroma is a rare and benign tumor with usual onset in young adulthood. The skull base is the most common site of occurrence although, less often, the tumors can appear at the falx cerebri or at the dural convexity. The differentiation of these lesions from meningiomas through imaging is generally difficult.

PATIENT AND METHODS

Clinical case presentation and review of the current literature.

RESULTS / CASE PRESENTATION

We report a case of a 25-year-old male patient with a giant convexity chondroma with meningeal attachment in the right frontal lobe that was detected after a first generalized seizure. Based on the putative diagnosis of meningioma, the tumor was completely resected via an osteoplastic parasagittal craniotomy. The postoperative MRI confirmed the complete tumor resection. Histopathological analysis revealed the presence of a chondroma.

CONCLUSION

Intracranial chondromas are a rarity and their preoperative diagnosis based on neuroimaging is difficult. In young patients and those with skeletal disease, the differential diagnosis of a chondroma should be considered. In symptomatic patients, operative resection is sensible. In most cases total removal of the tumor is possible and leads to full recovery. When the finding is merely incidental in older patients, a watchful waiting approach is acceptable, given the benign and slow-growing nature of the lesion.

Intracranial dural based chondroma

Intracranial chondromas are benign, slow-growing, cartilaginous tumors, which comprise only about 0.2% of all intracranial tumors. The majority of these lesions occur at the base of the skull, where they are thought to arise from residual embryonic chondrogenic cells along the basal synchondrosis. Very rarely, they may also originate from the convexity dura, falx cerebri, or the brain parenchyma. We present a patient with a dural based chondroma to highlight the technical considerations of surgical resection. The recent literature on intracranial chondromas regarding incidence, pathophysiologic origin, clinical symptoms, imaging, histopathology and prognosis is reviewed.

Giant convexity chondroma with dural involvement: Case report and review of literature

Intracranial chondromas are rare benign cartilaginous tumors arising usually from the skull base. We present a case of giant chondroma with dural attachment. Imaging modalities and management pearls are discussed. A brief review of literature is also presented.

Giant Chondroma of the Saddle Area: Case Report and Literature Review

A 63-year-old man presented with sexual dysfunction of 6-year duration, 5-year history of bilateral vision loss, and left nasal obstruction for 3 years. Brain computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a large mass lesion in the saddle area and extending upward to the dorsum sellae, bilateral cavernous sinus, and suprasellar region, and down into the sphenoid sinus and nasal cavity; the optic nerves and optic chiasm were elevated upward and compressed. Endocrine tests indicated that all serum level of anterior pituitary hormones decreased. The preoperative diagnosis included invasive pituitary adenoma, chordoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and craniopharyngioma. The tumour was subtotally removed through transsphenoidal approach. Histopathology examination revealed a chondroma. Postoperatively, the patient was stable and his visual acuity and visual field defect improved and his pituitary function return to normal except for hypothyroidism.

Chondroma located in cerebral parenchyma without meningeal attachment

Intracranial chondromas are rare benign tumors, which usually originate from skull base synchondrosis. In rarer cases, intracranial chondromas originate from the cerebral parenchyma without meningeal attachment, which is defined as intracerebral chondroma. In this paper, an 18-year-old male patient with intracerebral chondroma is presented. There are only 5 cases of intracerebral chondromas without meningeal attachment published in the literature. According to the clinical data, the intracerebral chondromas are hard hyaline cartilage, irregular lobulated grayish-white mass macroscopically and consist of mature hyaline chondrocyte microscopically. Total removal is the best treatment method for intracerebral chondroma.

Intracranial parafalcine chondroma in a pregnant patient

Background:

Intracranial chondromas are rare benign neoplasms. We report a patient incidentally diagnosed with an intracranial chondroma during her second trimester.

Case Description:

A 22-year-old Caucasian was diagnosed with an incidental parafalcine lesion found during admission due to a motor vehicle accident. Prior to the admission, the patient did not present with any neurological symptom. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) suggested this intracranial lesion to be benign. A decision was made to delay the tumor excision until after delivery. Special anesthesia considerations were made to maintain stable blood pressure and euvolemia during the Cesarean section. The patient underwent a successful gross total removal of the intracranial tumor two months postpartum without any post-operative deficit.

Conclusion:

This is the first case report of an intracranial parafalcine chondroma in pregnancy. This report highlights the disease course of this rare type of tumor during pregnancy. This case illustrates relevant aspects of the management of a neurologically asymptomatic patient with an incidentally discovered intracranial tumor of which MRS suggested a benign nature.

Solitary intracerebral chondroma without meningeal attachment: a case report with review of the literature

Intracranial chondromas are rare, benign cartilaginous tumours that account for < 0.3% of primary intracranial tumours. They usually originate from the basal synchondrosis and are extradural though, extremely rarely, they can be intracerebral. Here the case of a 45-year old female is presented with a solitary intracerebral chondroma located in the right frontal lobe with no meningeal attachment. The epidemiology, aetiology, clinical behaviour, radiological features, histological features and treatment of the case are discussed with a review of previous cases reported in the literature.

Intracranial chondroma: a rare entity

Intracranial chondroma is a rare benign cartilaginous tumour with an incidence of less than 1% of all primary intracranial tumours. The authors are reporting here a case of intracranial chondroma in a 40-year-old man who presented with 5-month history of headache and gradual diminution of vision. A tentative diagnosis of chondroma was made on imprint cytology which was confirmed on histopathological examination.

A Solitary Convexity Dural Chondroma: the Proposed Role of Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging in the Differential Diagnosis of Intracranial Chondroma and Meningioma. A Case Report

Chondromas arising from the dura mater are rare intracranial tumors. We describe a case of intracranial chondroma originating from the durra mater of the convexity, mimicking a meningioma. The neuroradiological and surgical findings are described. The diagnostic clues for the differential diagnosis between chondromas and meningiomas are discussed and reviewed.

Intracranial falx chondroma: Literature review and a case report

Intracranial chondromas are benign tumors that represent approximately 0.5% of all intracranial tumors. They usually occur at the base of the skull but on rare occasions might present as intra-parenchymal or intra-ventricular space-occupying lesions, most likely originating from heterotopic chondrocytes or metaplastic fibroblasts of the falx, the convexity dura, or the ventricular ependyma. Chondromas are slow-growing tumors, which remain clinically silent for a prolonged period of time in the majority of cases. Their clinical presentation is non-specific and their radiographic appearance usually does not differentiate them from their more common counterparts, such as meningiomas and glial tumors. As a result, their diagnosis has remained a histopathologic one. In our current study, we present a case of a falcine intracranial chondroma. This case provided the opportunity to extensively review the pertinent literature.

Chondromas of the falx cerebri and dural convexity: report of two cases and review of the literature

Intracranial chondromas usually arise from the base of the skull. They rarely originate from the convexity dura and falx. Here we describe two cases of intracranial chondroma located at the convexity dura and falx, discuss the genesis, radiologic, histologic features and review the literature.

Intracranial chondrosarcoma: a case report and review of the literature

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE

Chondrosarcomas rarely occur intracranially away from the skull base. We present a case of a supratentorial dural-based, low-grade classic chondrosarcoma and emphasize salient imaging findings that assist in its diagnosis.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

A 23-year-old female presented with new onset seizures. Multiple radiographic imaging studies identified a large left frontal mass with radiological findings that suggested the correct diagnosis.

INTERVENTION

The patient underwent a left frontal craniotomy and gross total resection of the lesion and associated dura.

CONCLUSION

Intracranial chondrosarcomas away from the skull based are extremely rare malignancies. As with other extra-axial masses, they often grow to a relatively large size before generating symptoms. Careful analysis of CT, MR, and angiographic imaging characteristics should suggest the correct diagnosis.

Convexity dural chondroma: a case report and review of the literature

The majority of intracranial chondromas arise from cartilage rests in the synchondrosis at the base of the skull. Chondromas are most commonly found in the sellar and parasellar regions, usually located extradurally. In rare instances, these tumours originate from the dura mater of the convexity. We report a rare case of a chondroma arising from the convexity dura mater. The origin of this tumour is analysed and the literature reviewed.

Condroma de sela turca associado a hipopituitarismo: relato de um caso

Os condromas intracranianos são raros, sendo mais comumente encontrados na base do crânio e na região esfenoetmoidal. Nesta localização podem ser confundidos com meningiomas, neurinomas e craniofaringiomas. Os autores apresentam a evolução clínica e as características pela imagem de um paciente portador de condroma da sela turca submetido a excisão tumoral.

Giant chondroma arising from the dura mater of the convexity. Case report and review of the literature

Chondromas arising from the dura mater are rare intracranial tumors. The authors present a case of intracranial giant chondroma originating from the dura mater of the convexity. Neuroimaging and surgical findings are described. The diagnostic clues are discussed and similar cases from the literature are reviewed.

Chondroma of the cerebellopontine angle. Case report

A patient is reported who had a solitary chondroma of the cerebellopontine angle. The tumor was totally removed. The diagnostic value of CT-scanning and MRI in this rare pathological condition are discussed.

[Falx osteochondroma: case report and review of the literature]

One case of an intracranial osteochondroma originating from the falx is described. The tumor was partially removed. Surgical aspects and etiopathogenesis of falx chondromas are discussed. The values of computerized tomography and magnetic resonance are emphasized.

Surgical removal of a cavernous sinus chondroma

BACKGROUND

Chondromas at the base of the skull are most commonly found in the parasellar and sellar regions, and present varying degrees of involvement of the cavernous sinus. However, those confined mainly to the cavernous sinus are rare, and only a few reports show detailed radiological and surgical findings.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This 40-year-old woman experienced sudden right orbital pain followed by right third and sixth cranial nerve palsies. Computerized tomography scan and magnetic resonance image depicted a well-circumscribed mass in the right cavernous sinus. A frontotemporal craniotomy with orbito-zygomatic osteotomy was used to approach this lesion intradurally. We drilled away the anterior clinoid process using a high-speed air drill extradurally, exposed the intrapetrous carotid artery, and dissected the right sylvian fissure from the distal, fully exposing the surface of the right cavernous sinus. The soft and grayish tumor was easily removed using sucker and tumor forceps; the venous bleeding from the sinus itself was easily controlled.

RESULTS

The tumor was successfully removed via a superior triangle. Intradural invasion of the tumor and heavy venous bleeding from the sinus were not observed. Histologically, the mass was diagnosed as a mature chondroma. The tumor was presumed to originate from the right posterior clinoid process. The lesion was totally removed, and postoperative right ophthalmoplegia had fully disappeared within 6 months after surgery.

CONCLUSION

Successful surgical attack of lesions in the cavernous sinus requires comprehensive and precise knowledge of the microsurgical anatomy and neuroradiology.

Giant chondroma of the falx. Case report and review of the literature

The authors describe the radiological and pathological features in a patient with an intracranial chondroma originating in the falx cerebri. Diagnostic procedures and management in treatment are discussed, and a review of the literature is presented.

Intracranial chondroma. Report of two cases and review of the literature

INTRODUCTION

Chondromas are rare intracranial tumors. The authors present two cases of intracranial intradural chondroma, one originating from the falx cerebri and the other from the dura mater of the convexity.

METHOD AND RESULTS

Diagnostic procedures, including magnetic resonance imaging, and surgical findings are described. In both cases, pre-operative diagnosis could have been at least suspected, and the tumor was completely removed, without recurrence after a follow-up of many years. The pathogenesis and pathological findings are discussed, and cases from the literature are reviewed.

CONCLUSION

Benign intradural chondroma has a good prognosis, with no recurrence after surgical excision in most cases.

Intracranial chondroma. Case report

We present a rare case of intracranial chondroma originating from the falx cerebri. Diagnostic procedures and surgical management are discussed, with special reference to computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and pathologic findings.

Parasellar chondromyxofibroma with ipsilateral total internal carotid artery occlusion

A case of parasellar chondromyxofibroma with ipsilateral total internal carotid artery occlusion is presented. Its radiological appearance and its pathological characteristics are discussed and compared with previously published reports. The rare association with total internal carotid artery occlusion is reviewed.

Parasellar chondroma: a case report

A case of a 19-year-old man with a right parasellar chondroma examined with computed tomography (CT) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) scan is reported. The literature about CT and NMR scan findings of intracranial chondroma is reviewed. Typical CT findings are a round, high density mass with calcification, that is only slightly enhanced by contrast medium.

Intracranial solitary chondroma. Case report

A patient is described who had a solitary left frontal intracranial chondroma originating from the falx cerebri. The tumor was totally removed. The diagnostic value of computerized tomography and the surgical findings in this rare pathological condition are discussed.

Spinal osteochondroma diagnosed by computed tomography. Report of two cases and review of literature

This paper reports two cases of spinal osteochondroma, in which preoperative diagnosis was greatly facilitated by CT scan examination. Moreover, by giving a precise indication of tumour extent, as well as of its relationships with the adjacent structures, CT was of great value also with regard to surgical treatment. Personal experience with the present cases, as well as a review of pertinent literature, suggests that the following CT scan findings may be considered as typical of spinal osteochondroma: a) roundish, sharply-outlined mass; b) bone-like density, with scattered calcifications; c) paraspinal, dump-bell, or eccentric intra-spinal location; d) osteosclerotic changes in neighbouring bone; e) lack of contrast enhancement. The value of CT scan examination in the diagnosis of vertebral tumours is stressed.