1
|
Hashemi KS, Aliabadi MK, Mehrara A, Talebi E, Hemmati AA, Rezaeiye RD, Ghanbary MJ, Motealleh M, Dayeri B, Alashti SK. A meta-analysis of microarray datasets to identify biological regulatory networks in Alzheimer's disease. Front Genet 2023; 14:1225196. [PMID: 37705610 PMCID: PMC10497115 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1225196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by mental deterioration, memory deficit, and multiple cognitive abnormalities, with an overall prevalence of ∼2% among industrialized countries. Although a proper diagnosis is not yet available, identification of miRNAs and mRNAs could offer valuable insights into the molecular pathways underlying AD's prognosis. Method: This study aims to utilize microarray bioinformatic analysis to identify potential biomarkers of AD, by analyzing six microarray datasets (GSE4757, GSE5281, GSE16759, GSE28146, GSE12685, and GSE1297) of AD patients, and control groups. Furthermore, this study conducted gene ontology, pathways analysis, and protein-protein interaction network to reveal major pathways linked to probable biological events. The datasets were meta-analyzed using bioinformatics tools, to identify significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub genes and their targeted miRNAs'. Results: According to the findings, CXCR4, TGFB1, ITGB1, MYH11, and SELE genes were identified as hub genes in this study. The analysis of DEGs using GO (gene ontology) revealed that these genes were significantly enriched in actin cytoskeleton regulation, ECM-receptor interaction, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eventually, hsa-mir-122-5p, hsa-mir-106a-5p, hsa-mir-27a-3p, hsa-mir16-5p, hsa-mir-145-5p, hsa-mir-12-5p, hsa-mir-128-3p, hsa-mir 3200-3p, hsa-mir-103a-3p, and hsa-mir-9-3p exhibited significant interactions with most of the hub genes. Conclusion: Overall, these genes can be considered as pivotal biomarkers for diagnosing the pathogenesis and molecular functions of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Sadat Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadese Koohi Aliabadi
- Faculty of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arian Mehrara
- School of Pharmacy, Ramsar International Campus, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Ramsar, Iran
| | - Elham Talebi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Hemmati
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Molecular Biology, and Genetics, Pavia University, Lombardi, Italy
| | | | | | - Maryam Motealleh
- Department of System Biology Lab, University of Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Behnaz Dayeri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nutrients, Cognitive Function, and Brain Aging: What We Have Learned from Dogs. Med Sci (Basel) 2021; 9:medsci9040072. [PMID: 34842769 PMCID: PMC8628994 DOI: 10.3390/medsci9040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to a difference in genetics, environmental factors, and nutrition, just like in people, dogs age at different rates. Brain aging in people and dogs share similar morphological changes including irreversible cortical atrophy, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and ventricular enlargement. Due to severe and irreversible brain atrophy, some aging dogs develop cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS), which is equivalent to dementia or Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in people. The risk factors and causes of CDS in dogs have not been fully investigated, but age, gender, oxidative stress, and deficiency of sex hormones appears to be associated with increased risk of accelerated brain aging and CDS in dogs. Both AD and CDS are incurable diseases at this moment, therefore more efforts should be focused on preventing or reducing brain atrophy and minimizing the risk of AD in people and CDS in dogs. Since brain atrophy leads to irreversible cognitive decline and dementia, an optimal nutritional solution should be able to not only enhance cognitive function during aging but also reduce irreversible brain atrophy. Up to now, only one nutritional intervention has demonstrated both cognition-enhancing benefits and atrophy-reducing benefits.
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang Q, Kang ZH, Zhang J, Qu F, Song B. Neuroprotective Effects of Isoquercetin: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:355-365. [PMID: 34308580 PMCID: PMC8286454 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.7116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered a neurodegenerative disease that affects the cognitive function of elderly individuals. In this study, we aimed to analyze the neuroprotective potential of isoquercetin against the in vitro and in vivo models of AD and investigated the possible underlying mechanisms. Materials and Methods The experimental study was performed on PC12 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant parameters, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured. In an in vivo approach, Wistar rats were used and divided into different groups. We carried out the Morris water test to determine the cognitive function. Biochemical parameters, antioxidant parameters, and pro-inflammatory parameters were examined. Results The non-toxic effect on PC12 cells was shown by isoquercetin. Isoquercetin significantly reduced the production of nitrate and ROS, along with the altered levels of antioxidants. Isoquercetin significantly (P<0.001) down-regulated proinflammatory cytokines in PC12 cells treated with LPS. In the in vivo approach, isoquercetintreated groups considerably showed the up-regulation in the latency and transfer latency time, as compared with AD groups. Isoquercetin significantly reduced Aβ-peptide, protein carbonyl, while enhanced the production of brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Isoquercetin significantly (P<0.001) reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators, as compared with AD groups. Conclusion Based on the results, we may infer that, through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory systems, isoquercetin prevented neurochemical and neurobehavioral modifications against the model of colchicine-induced AD rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxiao Yang
- Neurosurgery Department, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130000, China
| | - Z Hichen Kang
- Rehabilitation Department, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130000, China
| | - Jingze Zhang
- Neurosurgery Department, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130000, China
| | - Fuling Qu
- Rehabilitation Department, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130000, China
| | - Bin Song
- Neurosurgery Department, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fonseca LC, Lopes JA, Vieira J, Viegas C, Oliveira CS, Hartmann RP, Fonte P. Intranasal drug delivery for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:411-425. [PMID: 33638130 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00940-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition with severe consequences interfering with patient quality of life. It is characterized as a progressive and irreversible brain disorder hampering memory and thinking, affecting the capacity to perform daily tasks leading to physical and cognitive incapacitation. The conventional treatment occurs by the oral route, but it presents relevant drawbacks such as low bioavailability, fast metabolism, limited brain exposure, and undesirable side effects. The intranasal route has been proposed as a promising alternative to deliver drugs and improve the Alzheimer's disease treatment. Still, there is not a clear alternative delivery system available in the market with advantageous bioavailability and safety. The aim of this review is to perform an overview on the strategies for drug intranasal delivery for Alzheimer's disease treatment. The advantages and disadvantages of this delivery route and the delivery systems developed so far are discussed. A special focus is given on the use of permeation enhancers, the types of intranasal drug delivery devices, as well as possible toxicity concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonor C Fonseca
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - João A Lopes
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - João Vieira
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Viegas
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia S Oliveira
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Rafael P Hartmann
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Fonte
- Center for Marine Sciences (CCMar), University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Gambelas Campus, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
- Department of Bioengineering, IBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sanabria-Diaz G, Melie-Garcia L, Draganski B, Demonet JF, Kherif F. Apolipoprotein E4 effects on topological brain network organization in mild cognitive impairment. Sci Rep 2021; 11:845. [PMID: 33436948 PMCID: PMC7804004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Apolipoprotein E isoform E4 (ApoE4) is consistently associated with an elevated risk of developing late-onset Alzheimer's Disease (AD); however, less is known about the potential genetic modulation of the brain networks organization during prodromal stages like Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). To investigate this issue during this critical stage, we used a dataset with a cross-sectional sample of 253 MCI patients divided into ApoE4-positive (‛Carriers') and ApoE4-negative ('non-Carriers'). We estimated the cortical thickness (CT) from high-resolution T1-weighted structural magnetic images to calculate the correlation among anatomical regions across subjects and build the CT covariance networks (CT-Nets). The topological properties of CT-Nets were described through the graph theory approach. Specifically, our results showed a significant decrease in characteristic path length, clustering-index, local efficiency, global connectivity, modularity, and increased global efficiency for Carriers compared to non-Carriers. Overall, we found that ApoE4 in MCI shaped the topological organization of CT-Nets. Our results suggest that in the MCI stage, the ApoE4 disrupting the CT correlation between regions may be due to adaptive mechanisms to sustain the information transmission across distant brain regions to maintain the cognitive and behavioral abilities before the occurrence of the most severe symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gretel Sanabria-Diaz
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Mont Paisible 16, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Lester Melie-Garcia
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Mont Paisible 16, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bogdan Draganski
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Mont Paisible 16, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Ferath Kherif
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie (LREN), Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Mont Paisible 16, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Suresh J, Khor IW, Kaur P, Heng HL, Torta F, Dawe GS, Tai ES, Tolwinski NS. Shared signaling pathways in Alzheimer’s and metabolic disease may point to new treatment approaches. FEBS J 2020; 288:3855-3873. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ing Wei Khor
- Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore
| | - Prameet Kaur
- Science Division Yale‐ NUS College Singapore Singapore
| | - Hui Li Heng
- Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore, and Neurobiology Programme
- Life Sciences Institute National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Gavin S. Dawe
- Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore, and Neurobiology Programme
- Life Sciences Institute National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore
- Division of Endocrinology National University HospitalNational University Health System
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim DH, Kim HA, Han YS, Jeon WK, Han JS. Recognition memory impairments and amyloid-beta deposition of the retrosplenial cortex at the early stage of 5XFAD mice. Physiol Behav 2020; 222:112891. [PMID: 32442584 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment of AD are critical for delaying its progression. The present study, therefore, examined the cognitive status and neuropathological characteristics of 4-month-old 5X familial AD (5XFAD) transgenic (Tg) mice, as an early stage of AD animal model. The novel object recognition task was performed with retention tests at varying intervals (i.e., 10 min, 1 h, 4 h, and 24 h) to measure the retention capacity of recognition memory of 5XFAD mice. At the 4h retention interval, 5XFAD mice exhibited worse performances than non-Tg control mice. Therefore, using amyloid-beta (Aβ) 42- and 4G8-immunoreactive plaques, the accumulation of Aβ was examined in the gray and white matter of the system that was necessary for the retention of recognition memory, with a focus on the hippocampus and retrosplenial cortex. The expression of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1) was also examined to measure microglial activation. The immunohistological analysis of Aβ and Iba-1 revealed that the retrosplenial cortex was the most affected region in the brains of 4-month-old 5XFAD mice. These findings indicate that the cognitive and neuropathological characteristics of 4-month-old 5XFAD mice would provide a research platform for studying early diagnosis and treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-A Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Sun Han
- Department of Advanced Technology Fusion, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kyung Jeon
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, The Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung-Soo Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bertozzi G, Maglietta F, Sessa F, Scoto E, Cipolloni L, Di Mizio G, Salerno M, Pomara C. Traumatic Brain Injury: A Forensic Approach: A Literature Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 18:538-550. [PMID: 31686630 PMCID: PMC7457403 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x17666191101123145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the principal cause of invalidity and death in the population under 45 years of age worldwide. This mini-review aims to systematize the forensic approach in neuropathological studies, highlighting the proper elements to be noted during external, radiological, autoptical, and histological examinations with particular attention paid to immunohistochemistry and molecular biology. In the light of the results of this mini-review, an accurate forensic approach can be considered mandatory in the examination of suspected TBI with medico-legal importance, in order to gather all the possible evidence to corroborate the diagnosis of a lesion that may have caused, or contributed to, death. From this point of view, only the use of an evidence-based protocol can reach a suitable diagnosis, especially in those cases in which there are other neuropathological conditions (ischemia, neurodegeneration, neuro-inflammation, dementia) that may have played a role in death. This is even more relevant when corpses, in an advanced state of decomposition, are studied, where the radiological, macroscopic and histological analyses fail to give meaningful answers. In these cases, immune-histochemical and molecular biology diagnostics are of fundamental importance and a forensic neuropathologist has to know them. Particularly, MiRNAs are promising biomarkers for TBI both for brain damage identification and for medico-legal aspects, even if further investigations are required to validate the first experimental studies. In the same way, the genetic substrate should be examined during any forensic examination, considering its importance in the outcome of TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cristoforo Pomara
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies GF Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; Tel: (39) 095.3782153; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chauhan MK, Sharma PK. Optimization and characterization of rivastigmine nanolipid carrier loaded transdermal patches for the treatment of dementia. Chem Phys Lipids 2019; 224:104794. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2019.104794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
10
|
Long H, Zhong G, Wang C, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Luo J, Shi S. TREM2 Attenuates Aβ1-42-Mediated Neuroinflammation in BV-2 Cells by Downregulating TLR Signaling. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:1830-1839. [PMID: 31134514 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02817-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) mainly involves abnormal accumulation of extracellular β-amyloid (Aβ) and the consequent neurotoxic effects. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) gene is associated with the pathogenesis of LOAD and plays important roles in mediating the phagocytosis of Aβ by microglia and regulating inflammation in central nervous system. However, the exact mechanisms of these processes have not yet been clarified. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which TREM2 regulates neuroinflammation and promotes Aβ1-42 clearance by BV-2 cells and further elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms. We either silenced or overexpressed TREM2 in BV-2 cells and evaluated the cell viability, Aβ1-42 content, and expression of inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). TREM2 overexpression up-regulated cell activity, promoted clearance of Aβ1-42 by BV-2 cells, and down-regulated expression of the inflammatory factors. In addition, TREM2 overexpression downregulation the expression of the TLR family (TLR2, TLR4 and TLR6) in BV-2 cells. Moreover, LPS, as an agonist of the TLR family, up-regulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) in BV-2 cells overexpressing TREM2. In conclusion, TREM2 promoted clearance of Aβ1-42 by BV-2 cells and restored BV-2 cell viability from Aβ1-42-mediated neuroinflammation by downregulating TLRs. These findings suggest that TREM2 may be a target for LOAD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Long
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Gang Zhong
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chengzhi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinglian Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shengliang Shi
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ferreira LSS, Fernandes CS, Vieira MNN, De Felice FG. Insulin Resistance in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:830. [PMID: 30542257 PMCID: PMC6277874 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemiological connection between diabetes, obesity, and dementia represents an important public health challenge but also an opportunity to further understand these conditions. The key intersection among the three diseases is insulin resistance, which has been classically described to occur in peripheral tissues in diabetes and obesity and has recently been shown to develop in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. Here we review encouraging preclinical and clinical data indicating the potential of targeting impaired insulin signaling with antidiabetic drugs to treat dementia. We further discuss biological mechanisms through which peripheral metabolic dysregulation may lead to brain malfunction, providing possible explanations for the connection between diabetes, obesity, and AD. Finally, we briefly discuss how lifelong allostatic load may interact with aging to increase the risk of dementia in late life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laís S. S. Ferreira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caroline S. Fernandes
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo N. N. Vieira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G. De Felice
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cerquera-Jaramillo MA, Nava-Mesa MO, González-Reyes RE, Tellez-Conti C, de-la-Torre A. Visual Features in Alzheimer's Disease: From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Overview. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:2941783. [PMID: 30405709 PMCID: PMC6204169 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2941783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. It compromises patients' daily activities owing to progressive cognitive deterioration, which has elevated direct and indirect costs. Although AD has several risk factors, aging is considered the most important. Unfortunately, clinical diagnosis is usually performed at an advanced disease stage when dementia is established, making implementation of successful therapeutic interventions difficult. Current biomarkers tend to be expensive, insufficient, or invasive, raising the need for novel, improved tools aimed at early disease detection. AD is characterized by brain atrophy due to neuronal and synaptic loss, extracellular amyloid plaques composed of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ), and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau protein. The visual system and central nervous system share many functional components. Thus, it is plausible that damage induced by Aβ, tau, and neuroinflammation may be observed in visual components such as the retina, even at an early disease stage. This underscores the importance of implementing ophthalmological examinations, less invasive and expensive than other biomarkers, as useful measures to assess disease progression and severity in individuals with or at risk of AD. Here, we review functional and morphological changes of the retina and visual pathway in AD from pathophysiological and clinical perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauricio O. Nava-Mesa
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rodrigo E. González-Reyes
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Tellez-Conti
- Escuela Superior de Oftalmología-Instituto Barraquer de América, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandra de-la-Torre
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias (NeURos), Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xu C, Liu G, Ji H, Chen W, Dai D, Chen Z, Zhou D, Xu L, Hu H, Cui W, Chang L, Zha Q, Li L, Duan S, Wang Q. Elevated methylation of OPRM1 and OPRL1 genes in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4297-4302. [PMID: 30152845 PMCID: PMC6172396 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that increased opioid receptor κ1 (OPRK1) and opioid receptor δ1 (OPRD1) methylation levels are involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the present study, the methylation levels of two opioid receptor genes, opioid receptor µ1 (OPRM1) and opioid related nociceptin receptor 1 (OPRL1), were analyzed for their association with AD. Gene methylation levels were measured using bisulfite pyrosequencing in DNA samples derived from blood samples of 51 AD patients and 63 controls. The results indicated that there were significantly elevated promoter methylation levels of OPRM1 and OPRL1 in AD (OPRM1: P=0.007; OPRL1: P=2.987×10−6). Dual-luciferase reporter gene assays demonstrated that the promoter fragments of these two genes were able to promote gene expression (OPRM1: Fold-change=2.616, P=0.003; OPRL1: Fold change=11.395, P=0.007). In addition, receiver operating characteristic analyses further indicated that a methylation panel of four opioid receptor genes (area under the curve=0.848, sensitivity=0.723, and specificity=0.879) performed well in the prediction of AD. These results suggested that opioid receptor genes may be used as potential methylation biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunshuang Xu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Guili Liu
- Department of Science and Education, Ningbo No. 9 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Huihui Ji
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Weihua Chen
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Dongjun Dai
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Zhongming Chen
- Geriatrics Department, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315200, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- Geriatrics Department, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315200, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Haochang Hu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cui
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Lan Chang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Qin Zha
- Department of Science and Education, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315200, P.R. China
| | - Liping Li
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Qinwen Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), the most common non-AD neurodegenerative disease has in the past several decades attracted the attention of the neurological scientific community due to its highly negative impact on the quality of life of both the affected individuals and those caring for them. The strong hereditary component in related conditions such as PD and AD and the description of a number of DLB families suggest that genetic factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of DLB. This chapter focuses on currently proposed causal and risk genes and their role in the pathophysiology of DLB, discusses the feasibility of genetic therapy and genetic testing in the diagnostic and treatment of DLB and provides directions for future research. While no single mutation is specific enough to support its regular use in the diagnosis/treatment of DLB, identification of combinations of causative gene or single-gene point mutations and risk genes interfering with the pathogenesis of DLB may help elucidate the genetic mechanisms involved in DLB and inform development of gene-specific therapies.
Collapse
|
15
|
Dubey H, Gulati K, Ray A. Recent studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms in Alzheimer’s disease: focus on epigenetic factors and histone deacetylase. Rev Neurosci 2018; 29:241-260. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders mainly affecting elderly people. It is characterized by progressive loss of memory and cognitive function. More than 95% of AD cases are related to sporadic or late-onset AD (LOAD). The etiology of LOAD is still unclear. It has been reported that environmental factors and epigenetic alterations play a significant role in AD pathogenesis. Furthermore, recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified 10 novel risk genes:ABCA7,APOE,BIN1,CD2AP,CD33,CLU,CR1,MS4A6A,MS4A4E, andPICALM, which play an important role for LOAD. In this review, the therapeutic approaches of AD by epigenetic modifications have been discussed. Nowadays, HDAC inhibitors have clinically proven its activity for epigenetic modifications. Furthermore, we try to establish the relationship between HDAC inhibitors and above mentioned LOAD risk genes. Finally, we are hoping that this review may open new area of research for AD treatment.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ferrari R, Manzoni C, Momeni P. Genetic Risk Factors for Sporadic Frontotemporal Dementia. NEURODEGENER DIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72938-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
17
|
Lefèvre G, Callegari F, Gsteiger S, Xiong Y. Effects of Renal Impairment on Steady-State Plasma Concentrations of Rivastigmine: A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Capsule and Patch Formulations in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Drugs Aging 2017; 33:725-736. [PMID: 27681702 PMCID: PMC5075013 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-016-0405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The glomerular filtration rate (GFR), a measure of renal function, decreases by approximately 10 mL/min every 10 years after the age of 40 years, which could lead to the accumulation of drugs and/or renal toxicity. Pharmacokinetic studies of drugs excreted both renally and non-renally are desirable in patients with impaired renal function, defined by parameters including estimated GFR (eGFR) and creatinine clearance (CLCR). Objective We describe here a population pharmacokinetic analysis of the possible effects of renal impairment on steady-state plasma concentrations of rivastigmine and its metabolite NAP226-90 after rivastigmine patch (5 cm2 [4.6 mg/24 h], 10 cm2 [9.5 mg/24 h], 15 cm2 [13.3 mg/24 h], and 20 cm2 [17.4 mg/24 h]) and capsule (1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6 mg/12 h) treatment in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods The data used to conduct the current pharmacokinetic analysis were obtained from the pivotal phase III, 24-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group study (IDEAL). One blood sample was collected from each patient at steady-state to measure plasma concentrations of rivastigmine and NAP226-90 using a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method. The steady-state plasma concentrations of rivastigmine and NAP226-90 were plotted against CLCR and eGFR data, and boxplots were constructed after stratification by renal function. Results The two groups (mild/no renal impairment vs. moderate/severe/end-stage renal impairment) showed comparable demographic covariates for all patch sizes and capsule doses. No correlation was observed between CLCR or eGFR and plasma concentrations of rivastigmine or NAP226-90. Boxplots of concentrations of rivastigmine or NAP226-90 for each dose largely overlapped for patch and capsule. Additionally, model-based estimates of plasma concentrations adjusted for body weight yielded similar results. Conclusion The results of this study show that renal function does not affect rivastigmine or NAP226-90 steady-state plasma concentrations, and no dose adjustment in patients with renal impairment is required. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00099242.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert Lefèvre
- WSJ-386.12.48.10, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Translational Medicine, Clinical PK/PD, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Yuan Xiong
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, One Health Plaza, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Design and Fabrication a Gold Nanoparticle-DNA Based Nanobiosensor for Detection of microRNA Involved in Alzheimer's Disease. J Fluoresc 2016; 27:603-610. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-016-1988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
19
|
Wang M, Roussos P, McKenzie A, Zhou X, Kajiwara Y, Brennand KJ, De Luca GC, Crary JF, Casaccia P, Buxbaum JD, Ehrlich M, Gandy S, Goate A, Katsel P, Schadt E, Haroutunian V, Zhang B. Integrative network analysis of nineteen brain regions identifies molecular signatures and networks underlying selective regional vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease. Genome Med 2016; 8:104. [PMID: 27799057 PMCID: PMC5088659 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-016-0355-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. However, despite extensive clinical and genomic studies, the molecular basis of AD development and progression remains elusive. Methods To elucidate molecular systems associated with AD, we developed a large scale gene expression dataset from 1053 postmortem brain samples across 19 cortical regions of 125 individuals with a severity spectrum of dementia and neuropathology of AD. We excluded brain specimens that evidenced neuropathology other than that characteristic of AD. For the first time, we performed a pan-cortical brain region genomic analysis, characterizing the gene expression changes associated with a measure of dementia severity and multiple measures of the severity of neuropathological lesions associated with AD (neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles) and constructing region-specific co-expression networks. We rank-ordered 44,692 gene probesets, 1558 co-expressed gene modules and 19 brain regions based upon their association with the disease traits. Results The neurobiological pathways identified through these analyses included actin cytoskeleton, axon guidance, and nervous system development. Using public human brain single-cell RNA-sequencing data, we computed brain cell type-specific marker genes for human and determined that many of the abnormally expressed gene signatures and network modules were specific to oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and neurons. Analysis based on disease severity suggested that: many of the gene expression changes, including those of oligodendrocytes, occurred early in the progression of disease, making them potential translational/treatment development targets and unlikely to be mere bystander result of degeneration; several modules were closely linked to cognitive compromise with lesser association with traditional measures of neuropathology. The brain regional analyses identified temporal lobe gyri as sites associated with the greatest and earliest gene expression abnormalities. Conclusions This transcriptomic network analysis of 19 brain regions provides a comprehensive assessment of the critical molecular pathways associated with AD pathology and offers new insights into molecular mechanisms underlying selective regional vulnerability to AD at different stages of the progression of cognitive compromise and development of the canonical neuropathological lesions of AD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0355-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Panos Roussos
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Psychiatry, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Andrew McKenzie
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Xianxiao Zhou
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yuji Kajiwara
- Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Kristen J Brennand
- Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Gabriele C De Luca
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - John F Crary
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Patrizia Casaccia
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Michelle Ehrlich
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Sam Gandy
- Psychiatry, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA.,Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Alison Goate
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Departments of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Pavel Katsel
- Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Psychiatry, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Eric Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Psychiatry, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA. .,Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,The Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, 1470 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA. .,Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abdul-Aziz MA, Cooper A, Weyrich LS. Exploring Relationships between Host Genome and Microbiome: New Insights from Genome-Wide Association Studies. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1611. [PMID: 27785127 PMCID: PMC5061000 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As our understanding of the human microbiome expands, impacts on health and disease continue to be revealed. Alterations in the microbiome can result in dysbiosis, which has now been linked to subsequent autoimmune and metabolic diseases, highlighting the need to identify factors that shape the microbiome. Research has identified that the composition and functions of the human microbiome can be influenced by diet, age, sex, and environment. More recently, studies have explored how human genetic variation may also influence the microbiome. Here, we review several recent analytical advances in this new research area, including those that use genome-wide association studies to examine host genome-microbiome interactions, while controlling for the influence of other factors. We find that current research is limited by small sample sizes, lack of cohort replication, and insufficient confirmatory mechanistic studies. In addition, we discuss the importance of understanding long-term interactions between the host genome and microbiome, as well as the potential impacts of disrupting this relationship, and explore new research avenues that may provide information about the co-evolutionary history of humans and their microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura S. Weyrich
- Australian Centre for Ancient DNA, School of Biological Sciences and The Environment Institute, The University of Adelaide, AdelaideSA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bensalem J, Dal-Pan A, Gillard E, Calon F, Pallet V. Protective effects of berry polyphenols against age-related cognitive impairment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/nua-150051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bensalem
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- INRA, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Activ’Inside, 33500 Libourne, France
| | - Alexandre Dal-Pan
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Gillard
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Calon
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
- Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Véronique Pallet
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- INRA, Nutrition et neurobiologie intégrée, UMR 1286, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
- OptiNutriBrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro France-INAF Canada), 33000 Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Turk MN, Huentelman MJ. Nucleic acid-based risk factors and biomarkers: a future perspective on their use and development in Alzheimer's disease. Per Med 2015; 12:475-482. [PMID: 29749892 DOI: 10.2217/pme.15.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As our population lives longer the impact of Alzheimer's disease threatens to exert socioeconomic influences across generations. We now know that by the manifestation of memory problems, the neuropathological processes associated with Alzheimer's disease have progressed in the brain for over a decade. This represents an opportunity for medicine - a window to detect, diagnose and treat to prevent the onset of these cognitive symptoms. To achieve these goals we need the confluence of safe effective treatments and an improved ability to identify individuals at highest risk for the disease as early as possible. We will touch on current work in that arena and discuss the future of diagnostic and risk assessment capabilities through the use of nucleic acid-based measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mari N Turk
- The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Neurogenomics Division, 8012 S 32nd Way, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Matthew J Huentelman
- The Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen), Neurogenomics Division, 8012 S 32nd Way, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Age-related hearing impairment (ARHI) is a common condition with complex etiology but a recognized genetic component. Heritability estimates for pure tone audiogram-determined hearing ability lie in the range 26–75%. The speech-in-noise (SIN) auditory test, however, may be better at encapsulating ARHI symptoms, particularly the diminished ability to segregate environmental sounds into comprehendible auditory streams. As heritability of SIN has not previously been reported, we explored the genetic and environmental contributions to ARHI determined by SIN in 2,076 twins (87.8% female) aged 18–87 (mean age 54.4). SIN was found to be significantly heritable (A, unadjusted for age = 40%; 95% confidence intervals, CI = 32%–47%). With age adjustment, heritability fell (A= 25%; 95% CI = 16–33%), and a relatively strong influence of environmental exposure unshared within twin siblings was identified (E= 75%). To explore the environmental aspects further, we assessed the influence of diet (through the Food Frequency Questionnaire, FFQ), smoking (through self-report and cotinine metabolite levels) and alcohol intake (through the FFQ). A negative influence of high cholesterol diet was observed after adjustment (p= .037). A protective effect of raised serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels was observed after adjustment (p= .004). This study is the first assessment of the genetic and environmental influence on SIN perception. The findings suggest SIN is less heritable than pure tone audiogram (PTA) ability and highly influenced by the environment unique to each twin. Furthermore, a possible role of dietary fat in the etiology of ARHI is highlighted.
Collapse
|
24
|
Le Page A, Bourgade K, Lamoureux J, Frost E, Pawelec G, Larbi A, Witkowski JM, Dupuis G, Fülöp T. NK Cells are Activated in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment but not in Mild Alzheimer’s Disease Patients. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 46:93-107. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-143054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Le Page
- Research Center on Aging, Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Karine Bourgade
- Research Center on Aging, Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Julie Lamoureux
- Graduate Program in Physiology-Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Frost
- Department of Microbiology and Infectiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Graham Pawelec
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Center for Medical Research University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research (A-Star), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jacek M. Witkowski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Gilles Dupuis
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Tamás Fülöp
- Research Center on Aging, Graduate Program in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang G, Song Y, Zhou X, Deng Y, Liu T, Weng G, Yu D, Pan S. MicroRNA-29c targets β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 and has a neuroprotective role in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:3081-8. [PMID: 25955795 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by β-amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration, is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that ectopic expression of micro (mi)RNAs is involved in the pathogenesis of AD. There is increasing evidence that miRNAs expressed in the brain are involved in neuronal development, survival and apoptosis. The expression of β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is regulated by dysregulated miRNAs in the brain. The present study determined the expression levels of the miRNA-29 (miR-29) family in peripheral blood samples of patients with AD and demonstrated a marked decrease in the expression of miR-29c compared with age-matched controls. In addition, a significant increase in the expression of BACE1 was observed in the peripheral blood of patients with AD. Correlation analysis revealed that the expression of miR-29c was negatively correlated with the protein expression of BACE1 in the peripheral blood samples from patients with AD. The present study also investigated the role of miR-29 on hippocampal neurons in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that the upregulation of miR-29c promoted learning and memory behaviors in SAMP8 mice, at least partially, by increasing the activity of protein kinase A/cAMP response element-binding protein, involved in neuroprotection. This evidence suggested that miR-29c may be a promising potential therapeutic target against AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoshuai Yang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yanmin Song
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Haikou People's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570208, P.R. China
| | - Yidong Deng
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Guohu Weng
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Neurology, Haikou People's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570208, P.R. China
| | - Suyue Pan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bigler ED, Stern Y. Traumatic brain injury and reserve. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2015; 128:691-710. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63521-1.00043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
27
|
Freude K, Pires C, Hyttel P, Hall VJ. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from Alzheimer's Disease Patients: The Promise, the Hope and the Path Ahead. J Clin Med 2014; 3:1402-36. [PMID: 26237610 PMCID: PMC4470192 DOI: 10.3390/jcm3041402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The future hope of generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells) from Alzheimer’s disease patients is multifold. Firstly, they may help to uncover novel mechanisms of the disease, which could lead to the development of new and unprecedented drugs for patients and secondly, they could also be directly used for screening and testing of potential new compounds for drug discovery. In addition, in the case of familial known mutations, these cells could be targeted by use of advanced gene-editing techniques to correct the mutation and be used for future cell transplantation therapies. This review summarizes the work so far in regards to production and characterization of iPS cell lines from both sporadic and familial Alzheimer’s patients and from other iPS cell lines that may help to model the disease. It provides a detailed comparison between published reports and states the present hurdles we face with this new technology. The promise of new gene-editing techniques and accelerated aging models also aim to move this field further by providing better control cell lines for comparisons and potentially better phenotypes, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Freude
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Gronnegaardsvej 7, Frederiksberg C DK-1870, Denmark.
| | - Carlota Pires
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Gronnegaardsvej 7, Frederiksberg C DK-1870, Denmark.
| | - Poul Hyttel
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Gronnegaardsvej 7, Frederiksberg C DK-1870, Denmark.
| | - Vanessa Jane Hall
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Gronnegaardsvej 7, Frederiksberg C DK-1870, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chang L, Wang Y, Ji H, Dai D, Xu X, Jiang D, Hong Q, Ye H, Zhang X, Zhou X, Liu Y, Li J, Chen Z, Li Y, Zhou D, Zhuo R, Zhang Y, Yin H, Mao C, Duan S, Wang Q. Elevation of peripheral BDNF promoter methylation links to the risk of Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110773. [PMID: 25364831 PMCID: PMC4217733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been known to play an important role in various mental disorders or diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of our study was to assess whether BDNF promoter methylation in peripheral blood was able to predict the risk of AD. A total of 44 AD patients and 62 age- and gender-matched controls were recruited in the current case-control study. Using the bisulphite pyrosequencing technology, we evaluated four CpG sites in the promoter of the BDNF. Our results showed that BDNF methylation was significantly higher in AD cases than in the controls (CpG1: p = 10.021; CpG2: p = 0.002; CpG3: p = 0.007; CpG4: p = 0.005; average methylation: p = 0.004). In addition, BDNF promoter methylation was shown to be significantly correlated with the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glucose, Lp(a), ApoE and ApoA in males (ALP: r = -0.308, p = 0.042; glucose: r = -0.383, p = 0.010; Lp(a): r = 0.333, p = 0.027; ApoE: r = -0.345, p = 0.032;), ApoA levels in females (r = 0.362, p = 0.033), and C Reactive Protein (CRP) levels in both genders (males: r = -0.373, p = 0.016; females: r = -0.399, p = 0.021). Our work suggested that peripheral BDNF promoter methylation might be a diagnostic marker of AD risk, although its underlying function remains to be elaborated in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Chang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunliang Wang
- Department of Neurology, the 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Huihui Ji
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongjun Dai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuting Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Danjie Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingxiao Hong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huadan Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine for Cadres, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Department of Neurology, the 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | | | - Ying Li
- Ningbo No. 1 Hospital, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Renjie Zhuo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuzheng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Honglei Yin
- Department of Neurology, the 148 Central Hospital of PLA, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Congcong Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinwen Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gharesouran J, Rezazadeh M, Khorrami A, Ghojazadeh M, Talebi M. Genetic evidence for the involvement of variants at APOE, BIN1, CR1, and PICALM loci in risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease and evaluation for interactions with APOE genotypes. J Mol Neurosci 2014; 54:780-6. [PMID: 25022885 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-014-0377-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in older population. Growing evidence of genetic background that predisposes individuals to AD has been reported as the risk factors in recent years. The Department of Medical Genetics and the Immunology Research Centre investigated the distribution of 11 polymorphisms in 160 patients with late onset AD (LOAD) and in 163 healthy controls, using the sequencing technique. All participants were of Turkish Azeri ethnicity. We compared allele and genotype frequencies between the LOAD patients and control subjects using a chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Alleles and genotypes of APOE, PICALM rs3851179 and rs541458, and the BIN1 gene rs744373 polymorphism were significantly different between LOAD and control groups. The frequencies of the other investigated alleles were similar in the two groups. We also analyzed the association of BIN1, CR1 and PICALM SNPs with LOAD in subgroups stratified by the presence or absence of the APOE ε4 allele. After adjusting for APOE, statistical analysis revealed that the association with PICALM rs541458 and BIN1 rs744373 were only significant among subjects without the APOE ε4 allele.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Gharesouran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|