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Tarar A, Alyami EM, Peng CA. Mesenchymal stem cells anchored with thymidine phosphorylase for doxifluridine-mediated cancer therapy. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1394-1403. [PMID: 35424143 PMCID: PMC8693507 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10263f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many tumors express thymidine phosphorylase (TYMP) with various levels, however due to tumor heterogeneity, the amount of TYMP is usually not enough to convert prodrug doxifluridine (5'-DFUR) to toxic drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Since human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have unique features of tumor-tropism and low immunogenicity, the purpose of this study is to use mesenchymal stem cells as carriers to deliver TYMP to cancer cells and then trigger their death by administrating doxifluridine. First, the TYMP gene sequence and core streptavidin (core SA) were constructed into pET-30a(+) plasmid. After bacterial transformation and colony screening, TYMP-SA fusion protein was expressed by IPTG induction and purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography and characterized by SDS-PAGE and western blot with a clear band at 75 kDa. The characterized TYMP-SA was further anchored on the cell membrane of biotinylated hMSCs via biotin-streptavidin binding. hMSCs anchored with TYMP-SA were then co-cultured with adenocarcinoma A549 cells (with different ratios) and treated with 100 μM prodrug doxifluridine over the course of four days. Our results showed that a 2 : 1 ratio led to the eradication of A549 cells at the end of the experiment with less than 5% confluency, in comparison with the 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 ratios which still had about 13% and 20% confluency respectively. In conclusion, harnessing hMSCs as cell carriers for the delivery of TYMP enzyme to cancer cells could lead to significant cell death post-treatment of the prodrug doxifluridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Tarar
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Idaho Engineering Physics Building 421, 875 Perimeter Drive Moscow ID 83844-0904 USA +1-208-885-7461
| | - Esmael M Alyami
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Idaho Engineering Physics Building 421, 875 Perimeter Drive Moscow ID 83844-0904 USA +1-208-885-7461
| | - Ching-An Peng
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Idaho Engineering Physics Building 421, 875 Perimeter Drive Moscow ID 83844-0904 USA +1-208-885-7461
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2
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Ferreira JR, Teixeira GQ, Santos SG, Barbosa MA, Almeida-Porada G, Gonçalves RM. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome: Influencing Therapeutic Potential by Cellular Pre-conditioning. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2837. [PMID: 30564236 PMCID: PMC6288292 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are self-renewing, culture-expandable adult stem cells that have been isolated from a variety of tissues, and possess multipotent differentiation capacity, immunomodulatory properties, and are relatively non-immunogenic. Due to this unique set of characteristics, these cells have attracted great interest in the field of regenerative medicine and have been shown to possess pronounced therapeutic potential in many different pathologies. MSCs' mode of action involves a strong paracrine component resulting from the high levels of bioactive molecules they secrete in response to the local microenvironment. For this reason, MSCs' secretome is currently being explored in several clinical contexts, either using MSC-conditioned media (CM) or purified MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to modulate tissue response to a wide array of injuries. Rather than being a constant mixture of molecular factors, MSCs' secretome is known to be dependent on the diverse stimuli present in the microenvironment that MSCs encounter. As such, the composition of the MSCs' secretome can be modulated by preconditioning the MSCs during in vitro culture. This manuscript reviews the existent literature on how preconditioning of MSCs affects the therapeutic potential of their secretome, focusing on MSCs' immunomodulatory and regenerative features, thereby providing new insights for the therapeutic use of MSCs' secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana R Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Graciosa Q Teixeira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana G Santos
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário A Barbosa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Graça Almeida-Porada
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Raquel M Gonçalves
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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3
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Wang L, Zhang H, Guan L, Zhao S, Gu Z, Wei H, Gao Z, Wang F, Yang N, Luo L, Li Y, Wang L, Liu D, Gao C. Mesenchymal stem cells provide prophylaxis against acute graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A meta-analysis of animal models. Oncotarget 2018; 7:61764-61774. [PMID: 27528221 PMCID: PMC5308689 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A meta-analysis of animal models was conducted to evaluate the prophylactic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A total of 50 studies involving 1848 animals were included. The pooled results showed that MSCs significantly reduced aGVHD-associated mortality (risk ratio = 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.62 to 0.79, P = 2.73×10−9) and clinical scores (standardized mean difference = −3.60, 95% confidence interval −4.43 to −2.76, P = 3.61×10−17). In addition, MSCs conferred robust favorable prophylactic effects on aGVHD across recipient species, MSC doses, and administration times, but not MSC sources. Our meta-analysis showed that MSCs significantly prevented mortality and alleviated the clinical manifestations of aGVHD in animal models. These data support further clinical trials aimed at evaluating the efficacy of using MSCs to prevent aGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Laoshan Branch, No. 401 Hospital of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Lixun Guan
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyang Gu
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huaping Wei
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Gao
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feiyan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Luo
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghui Li
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Daihong Liu
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunji Gao
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
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4
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Hu Y, He GL, Zhao XY, Zhao XS, Wang Y, Xu LP, Zhang XH, Yu XZ, Liu KY, Chang YJ, Huang XJ. Regulatory B cells promote graft-versus-host disease prevention and maintain graft-versus-leukemia activity following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1284721. [PMID: 28405514 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1284721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are involved in the pathogenesis of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). However, whether Bregs can alleviate acute GVHD without compromising graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effects remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the role of Bregs in acute GVHD and GVL activity in both a mouse model and a clinical cohort study. In the acute GVHD mouse model, co-transplantation of Bregs prevents onset through inhibiting Th1 and Th17 differentiation and expanding regulatory T cells. In the GVL mouse model, Bregs contributed to the suppression of acute GVHD but had no adverse effect on GVL activity. In the clinical cohort study, a higher dose of Bregs in allografts was associated with a lower cumulative incidence of acute GVHD but not with increased risk of relapse. Our data demonstrate that Bregs can prevent acute GVHD and maintain GVL effects and suggest that Bregs have potential as a novel strategy for acute GVHD alleviation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital & Peking University Institute of Hematology, Xicheng District, Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gan-Lin He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital & Peking University Institute of Hematology, Xicheng District, Beijing, China; Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital & Peking University Institute of Hematology , Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Su Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital & Peking University Institute of Hematology , Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital & Peking University Institute of Hematology , Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Lan-Ping Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital & Peking University Institute of Hematology , Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital & Peking University Institute of Hematology , Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Zhong Yu
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kai-Yan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital & Peking University Institute of Hematology , Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Jun Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital & Peking University Institute of Hematology , Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Peking University People's Hospital & Peking University Institute of Hematology, Xicheng District, Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China; Collabrative Innovation Center of Hematology, Peking University, Beijing, China
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5
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Hashimoto A, Sato T, Iyama S, Yoshida M, Ibata S, Tatekoshi A, Kamihara Y, Horiguchi H, Murase K, Kawano Y, Takada K, Miyanishi K, Kobune M, Ichimiya S, Kato J. Narrow-Band Ultraviolet B Phototherapy Ameliorates Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease of the Intestine by Expansion of Regulatory T Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152823. [PMID: 27031239 PMCID: PMC4816442 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) has been widely used in dermatological phototherapy. As for the application of NB-UVB phototherapy to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), we previously reported that it was highly efficacious for cutaneous lesions of acute GVHD (aGVHD) and that expansion of regulatory T (Treg) cells induced by NB-UVB might be one of the mechanisms. In order to examine whether NB-UVB irradiation through expansion of Treg cells is effective for the treatment of not only cutaneous aGVHD but also aGVHD of inner organs such as the intestine or liver, we conducted experiments in which a murine lethal aGVHD model, characterized by severe involvement of the intestine, was irradiated with NB-UVB. We found that NB-UVB irradiation improved the clinical score and survival rate. The pathological score of aGVHD was improved in all affected organs: intestine, liver, and skin. In the serum of mice irradiated with NB-UVB, the levels of Treg cells-associated cytokines such as transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were elevated. The numbers of infiltrating Treg cells in inflamed tissue of the intestine and those in spleen were increased in mice treated with NB-UVB. This is the first report demonstrating that NB-UVB phototherapy has the ability to ameliorate intestinal aGVHD through the expansion of Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akari Hashimoto
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sato
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iyama
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Soushi Ibata
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Tatekoshi
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kamihara
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroto Horiguchi
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Murase
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawano
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kohichi Takada
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koji Miyanishi
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Kobune
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shingo Ichimiya
- Department of Human Immunology, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junji Kato
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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6
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Osiecki MJ, Michl TD, Kul Babur B, Kabiri M, Atkinson K, Lott WB, Griesser HJ, Doran MR. Packed Bed Bioreactor for the Isolation and Expansion of Placental-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144941. [PMID: 26660475 PMCID: PMC4687640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Large numbers of Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are required for clinical relevant doses to treat a number of diseases. To economically manufacture these MSCs, an automated bioreactor system will be required. Herein we describe the development of a scalable closed-system, packed bed bioreactor suitable for large-scale MSCs expansion. The packed bed was formed from fused polystyrene pellets that were air plasma treated to endow them with a surface chemistry similar to traditional tissue culture plastic. The packed bed was encased within a gas permeable shell to decouple the medium nutrient supply and gas exchange. This enabled a significant reduction in medium flow rates, thus reducing shear and even facilitating single pass medium exchange. The system was optimised in a small-scale bioreactor format (160 cm2) with murine-derived green fluorescent protein-expressing MSCs, and then scaled-up to a 2800 cm2 format. We demonstrated that placental derived MSCs could be isolated directly within the bioreactor and subsequently expanded. Our results demonstrate that the closed system large-scale packed bed bioreactor is an effective and scalable tool for large-scale isolation and expansion of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Osiecki
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at the Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Thomas D. Michl
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia. Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Mawson Institute, University of South Australia. Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Betul Kul Babur
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at the Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mahboubeh Kabiri
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kerry Atkinson
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at the Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - William B. Lott
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at the Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hans J. Griesser
- Mawson Institute, University of South Australia. Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael R. Doran
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology at the Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Mater Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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7
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Vaithilingam V, Evans MDM, Rowe A, Bean PA, Tuch BE. Coencapsulation of Target Effector Cells With Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduces Pericapsular Fibrosis and Improves Graft Survival in a Xenotransplanted Animal Model. Cell Transplant 2015; 25:1299-317. [PMID: 26351069 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x688975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pericapsular fibrotic overgrowth (PFO) is a problem that thwarts full implementation of cellular replacement therapies involving encapsulation in an immunoprotective material, such as for the treatment of diabetes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have inherent anti-inflammatory properties. We postulated that coencapsulation of MSCs with the target cells would reduce PFO. A hepatoinsulinoma cell line (HUH7) was used to model human target cells and was coencapsulated with either human or mouse MSCs at different ratios in alginate microcapsules. Viability of encapsulated cells was assessed in vitro and xenografted either intraperitoneally or subcutaneously into C57BL/6 mice. Graft retrieval was performed at 3 weeks posttransplantation and assessed for PFO. Coencapsulation of human MSCs (hMSCs) or mouse MSCs (mMSCs) with HUH7 at different ratios did not alter cell viability in vitro. In vivo data from intraperitoneal infusions showed that PFO for HUH7 cells coencapsulated with hMSCs and mMSCs in a ratio of 1:1 was significantly reduced by ∼30% and ∼35%, respectively, compared to HUH7 encapsulated alone. PFO for HUH7 cells was reduced by ∼51% when the ratio of mMSC/HUH7 was increased to 2:1. Implanting the microcapsules subcutaneously rather than intraperitoneally substantially reduced PFO in all treatment groups, which was most significant in the mMSC/HUH7 2:1 group with a ∼53% reduction in PFO compared with HUH7 alone. Despite the reduced PFO reaction to the individual microcapsules implanted subcutaneously, all microcapsule treatment groups were contained in a vascularized fibrotic pouch at 3 weeks. The presence of MSCs in microcapsules retrieved from these fibrotic pouches improved graft survival with significantly higher cell viabilities of 83.1 ± 0.6% and 79.1 ± 0.8% seen with microcapsules containing mMSC/HUH7 at 2:1 and 1:1 ratios, respectively, compared to HUH7 alone (51.5 ± 0.7%) transplanted subcutaneously. This study showed that coencapsulation of MSCs with target cells has a dose-dependent effect on reducing PFO and improving graft survival when implanted either intraperitoneally or subcutaneously in a stringent xenotransplantation setting.
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8
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Klinker MW, Wei CH. Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases in experimental animal models. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:556-567. [PMID: 25914763 PMCID: PMC4404391 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i3.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells [also known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)] are currently being studied as a cell-based treatment for inflammatory disorders. Experimental animal models of human immune-mediated diseases have been instrumental in establishing their immunosuppressive properties. In this review, we summarize recent studies examining the effectiveness of MSCs as immunotherapy in several widely-studied animal models, including type 1 diabetes, experimental autoimmune arthritis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, inflammatory bowel disease, graft-vs-host disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. In addition, we discuss mechanisms identified by which MSCs mediate immune suppression in specific disease models, and potential sources of functional variability of MSCs between studies.
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9
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10
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Chen GL, Paplham P, McCarthy PL. Remestemcel-L for acute graft-versus-host disease therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2013; 14:261-9. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.873027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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11
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Tobin LM, Healy ME, English K, Mahon BP. Human mesenchymal stem cells suppress donor CD4(+) T cell proliferation and reduce pathology in a humanized mouse model of acute graft-versus-host disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 172:333-48. [PMID: 23574329 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is a life-threatening complication following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), occurring in up to 30-50% of patients who receive human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling transplants. Current therapies for steroid refractory aGVHD are limited, with the prognosis of patients suboptimal. Mesenchymal stem or stromal cells (MSC), a heterogeneous cell population present in many tissues, display potent immunomodulatory abilities. Autologous and allogeneic ex-vivo expanded human MSC have been utilized to treat aGVHD with promising results, but the mechanisms of therapeutic action remain unclear. Here a robust humanized mouse model of aGVHD based on delivery of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to non-obese diabetic (NOD)-severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) interleukin (IL)-2rγ(null) (NSG) mice was developed that allowed the exploration of the role of MSC in cell therapy. MSC therapy resulted in the reduction of liver and gut pathology and significantly increased survival. Protection was dependent upon the timing of MSC therapy, with conventional MSC proving effective only after delayed administration. In contrast, interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated MSC were effective when delivered with PBMC. The beneficial effect of MSC therapy in this model was not due to the inhibition of donor PBMC chimerism, as CD45(+) and T cells engrafted successfully in this model. MSC therapy did not induce donor T cell anergy, FoxP3(+) T regulatory cells or cause PBMC apoptosis in this model; however, it was associated with the direct inhibition of donor CD4(+) T cell proliferation and reduction of human tumour necrosis factor-α in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Tobin
- Institute of Immunology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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12
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Bruck F, Belle L, Lechanteur C, de Leval L, Hannon M, Dubois S, Castermans E, Humblet-Baron S, Rahmouni S, Beguin Y, Briquet A, Baron F. Impact of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells on experimental xenogeneic graft-versus-host disease. Cytotherapy 2013; 15:267-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 08/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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13
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Yannarelli G, Dayan V, Pacienza N, Lee CJ, Medin J, Keating A. Human umbilical cord perivascular cells exhibit enhanced cardiomyocyte reprogramming and cardiac function after experimental acute myocardial infarction. Cell Transplant 2012; 22:1651-66. [PMID: 23043977 DOI: 10.3727/096368912x657675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We were interested in evaluating the ability of the mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) population, human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs), to undergo cardiomyocyte reprogramming in an established coculture system with rat embryonic cardiomyocytes. Results were compared with human bone marrow-derived (BM) MSCs. The transcription factors GATA4 and Mef 2c were expressed in HUCPVCs but not BM-MSCs at baseline and, at 7 days, increased 7.6- and 3.5-fold, respectively, compared with BM-MSCs. Although cardiac-specific gene expression increased in both cell types in coculture, upregulation was more significant in HUCPVCs, consistent with Mef 2c-GATA4 synergism. Using a lentivector with eGFP transcribed from the α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) promoter, we found that cardiac gene expression was greater in HUCPVCs than BM-MSCs after 14 days coculture (52±17% vs. 29±6%, respectively). A higher frequency of HUCPVCs expressed α-MHC protein compared with BM-MSCs (11.6±0.9% vs. 5.3±0.3%); however, both cell types retained MSC-associated determinants. We also assessed the ability of the MSC types to mediate cardiac regeneration in a NOD/SCID γ mouse model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Fourteen days after AMI, cardiac function was significantly better in cell-treated mice compared with control animals and HUCPVCs exhibited greater improvement. Although human cells persisted in the infarct area, the frequency of α-MHC expression was low. Our results indicate that HUCPVCs exhibit a greater degree of cardiomyocyte reprogramming but that differentiation for both cell types is partial. We conclude that HUCPVCs may be preferable to BM-MSCs in the cell therapy of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Yannarelli
- Cell Therapy Program, Prince Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G2M9.
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Abumaree M, Al Jumah M, Pace RA, Kalionis B. Immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2012; 8:375-92. [PMID: 21892603 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-011-9312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can be isolated from different adult tissues including bone marrow, adipose tissue, cord blood and placenta. MSCs modulate the immune function of the major immune cell populations involved in alloantigen recognition and elimination, including antigen presenting cells, T cells, B cells and natural killer cells. Many clinical trials are currently underway that employ MSCs to treat human immunological diseases. However, the molecular mechanism that mediates the immunosuppressive effect of MSCs is still unclear and the safety of using MSC in patient needs further confirmation. Here, we review the cytokines that activate MSCs and the soluble factors produced by MSCs, which allow them to exert their immunosuppressive effects. We review the mechanism responsible, at least in part, for the immune suppressive effects of MSCs and highlight areas of research required for a better understanding of MSC immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abumaree
- King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences/King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Mail Code 1515, Saudi Arabia
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15
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The immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE): a model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:9298-9331. [PMID: 22942767 PMCID: PMC3430298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13079298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that differentiate into the mesenchymal lineages of adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes. MSCs can also transdifferentiate and thereby cross lineage barriers, differentiating for example into neurons under certain experimental conditions. MSCs have anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on neurons. Therefore, MSCs were tested in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), for their effectiveness in modulating the pathogenic process in EAE to develop effective therapies for MS. The data in the literature have shown that MSCs can inhibit the functions of autoreactive T cells in EAE and that this immunomodulation can be neuroprotective. In addition, MSCs can rescue neural cells via a mechanism that is mediated by soluble factors, which provide a suitable environment for neuron regeneration, remyelination and cerebral blood flow improvement. In this review, we discuss the effectiveness of MSCs in modulating the immunopathogenic process and in providing neuroprotection in EAE.
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Zanotti L, Sarukhan A, Dander E, Castor M, Cibella J, Soldani C, Trovato AE, Ploia C, Luca G, Calvitti M, Mancuso F, Arato I, Golemac M, Jonjic N, Biondi A, Calafiore R, Locati M, D'Amico G, Viola A. Encapsulated mesenchymal stem cells for in vivo immunomodulation. Leukemia 2012; 27:500-3. [PMID: 22878604 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2012.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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KOL A, WALKER NJ, GALUPPO LD, CLARK KC, BUERCHLER S, BERNANKE A, BORJESSON DL. Autologous point-of-care cellular therapies variably induce equine mesenchymal stem cell migration, proliferation and cytokine expression. Equine Vet J 2012; 45:193-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2012.00600.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Baron F, Storb R. Mesenchymal stromal cells: a new tool against graft-versus-host disease? Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2012; 18:822-40. [PMID: 21963621 PMCID: PMC3310956 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2011.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous subset of multipotent cells that can be isolated from several tissues including bone marrow and fat. MSCs exhibit immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that prompted their clinical use as prevention and/or treatment for severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Although a number of phase I-II studies have suggested that MSC infusion was safe and might be effective for preventing or treating acute GVHD, definitive proof of their efficacy remains lacking thus far. Multicenter randomized studies are ongoing to more precisely assess the impact of MSC infusion on GVHD prevention/treatment, whereas further research is performed in vitro and in animal models with the aims of determining the best way to expand MSCs ex vivo as well as the most efficient dose and schedule of MSCs administration. After introducing GVHD, MSC biology, and results of MSC infusion in animal models of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, this article reviews the results of the first clinical trials investigating the use of MSC infusion as prevention or treatment of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Baron
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University and CHU of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium.
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19
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Chen W, Li M, Li Z, Yan Z, Cheng H, Pan B, Cao J, Chen C, Zeng L, Xu K. CXCR4-transduced mesenchymal stem cells protect mice against graft-versus-host disease. Immunol Lett 2012; 143:161-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2012.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Revised: 12/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Hao L, Sun H, Wang J, Wang T, Wang M, Zou Z. Mesenchymal stromal cells for cell therapy: besides supporting hematopoiesis. Int J Hematol 2012; 95:34-46. [PMID: 22183780 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-011-0991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Revised: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have attracted the attention of scientists and clinicians due to their self-renewal, capacity for multipotent differentiation, and immunomodulatory properties. Some essential problems remain to be solved before the clinical application of MSC. Platelet lysate (PL) has recently been used as a substitute for FBS in MSC amplification in vitro to achieve clinically applicable numbers of MSC. In addition to promising trials in regenerative medicine, such as in the treatment of major bone defects and myocardial infarction, MSC have shown therapeutic effect other than direct hematopoiesis support in hematopoietic reconstruction. It has been confirmed that MSC promote hematopoietic cell engraftment and immune recovery after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, probably through the provision of cytokines, matrix proteins, and cell-to-cell contacts. Their suppressive effects on immune cells, including T cells, B cells, NK cells and DC cells, suggest MSCs as a novel therapy for GVHD and other autoimmune disorders. These cells thus present as promising candidates for cellular therapy in the fields of regenerative medicine, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hao
- Department of Internal Medicine, No. 324 Hospital of PLA, Chongqing 400020, China
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21
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Gregoire-Gauthier J, Selleri S, Fontaine F, Dieng MM, Patey N, Despars G, Beauséjour CM, Haddad E. Therapeutic efficacy of cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for the prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease in a xenogenic mouse model. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 21:1616-26. [PMID: 21910645 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2011.0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been successfully utilized for the treatment of refractory graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Despite the large number of in vitro and in vivo models developed for clarifying their immunomodulatory properties, the mechanism of action of MSCs remains elusive and their efficacy controversial. Here, we tested the ability of cord blood-derived MSCs to alleviate the symptoms of GvHD induced by the injection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells into NOD/SCID/γc(-) mice. In this in vivo xeno-GvHD model, we demonstrate that a single MSC injection is able to inhibit GvHD in terms of clinical signs and related mortality. We also show that in this model MSCs act by both immunomodulating T-cells and fostering recovery after irradiation. The translational impact of these findings could provide a reliable preclinical model for studying the efficacy, dosage, and time of administration of human MSCs for the prevention of acute GvHD.
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Comprehensive transcriptome and immunophenotype analysis of renal and cardiac MSC-like populations supports strong congruence with bone marrow MSC despite maintenance of distinct identities. Stem Cell Res 2011; 8:58-73. [PMID: 22099021 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells resembling bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been isolated from many organs but their functional relationships have not been thoroughly examined. Here we compared the immunophenotype, gene expression, multipotency and immunosuppressive potential of MSC-like colony-forming cells from adult murine bone marrow (bmMSC), kidney (kCFU-F) and heart (cCFU-F), cultured under uniform conditions. All populations showed classic MSC morphology and in vitro mesodermal multipotency. Of the two solid organ-specific CFU-F, only kCFU-F displayed suppression of T-cell alloreactivity in vitro, albeit to a lesser extent than bmMSC. Quantitative immunophenotyping using 81 phycoerythrin-conjugated CD antibodies demonstrated that all populations contained high percentages of cells expressing diagnostic MSC surface markers (Sca1, CD90.2, CD29, CD44), as well as others noted previously on murine MSC (CD24, CD49e, CD51, CD80, CD81, CD105). Illumina microarray expression profiling and bioinformatic analysis indicated a correlation of gene expression of 0.88-0.92 between pairwise comparisons. All populations expressed approximately 66% of genes in the pluripotency network (Plurinet), presumably reflecting their stem-like character. Furthermore, all populations expressed genes involved in immunomodulation, homing and tissue repair, suggesting these as conserved functions for MSC-like cells in solid organs. Despite this molecular congruence, strong biases in gene and protein expression and pathway activity were seen, suggesting organ-specific functions. Hence, tissue-derived MSC may also retain unique properties potentially rendering them more appropriate as cellular therapeutic agents for their organ of origin.
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Environmental conditions are important for establishing and evaluating pre-clinical models of GVHD. Bone Marrow Transplant 2011; 47:607-9. [PMID: 21706062 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2011.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Crop MJ, Korevaar SS, de Kuiper R, IJzermans JNM, van Besouw NM, Baan CC, Weimar W, Hoogduijn MJ. Human mesenchymal stem cells are susceptible to lysis by CD8(+) T cells and NK cells. Cell Transplant 2011; 20:1547-59. [PMID: 21396164 DOI: 10.3727/096368910x564076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to improve the outcome of organ transplantation. The immunogenicity of MSCs is, however, unclear and is important for the efficacy of MSC therapy and for potential sensitization against donor antigens. We investigated the susceptibility of autologous and allogeneic MSCs for lysis by CD8(+) T-lymphocytes and NK cells in a kidney transplant setting. MSCs were derived from adipose tissue of human kidney donors and were CD90(+), CD105(+), CD166(+), and HLA class I(+). They showed differentiation ability and immunosuppressive capacity. Lysis of MSCs by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), FACS-sorted CD8(+) T cells, and NK cells was measured by europium release assay. Allogeneic MSCs were susceptible for lysis by cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells and NK cells, while autologous MSCs were lysed by NK cells only. NK cell-mediated lysis was inversely correlated with the expression of HLA class I on MSCs. Lysis of autologous MSCs was not dependent on culturing of MSCs in FBS, and MSCs in suspension as well as adherent to plastic were lysed by NK cells. Pretransplant recipient PBMCs did not lyse donor MSCs, but PBMCs isolated 3, 6, and 12 months after transplantation showed increasing lysing ability. After 12 months, CD8(+) T-cell-mediated lysis of donor MSCs persisted, indicating there was no evidence for desensitization against donor MSCs. Lysis of MSCs is important to take into account when MSCs are considered for clinical application. Our results suggest that the HLA background of MSCs and timing of MSC administration are important for the efficacy of MSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meindert J Crop
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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