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Álvarez-Varas R, Heidemeyer M, Riginos C, Benítez HA, Reséndiz E, Lara-Uc M, Godoy DA, Muñoz-Pérez JP, Alarcón-Ruales DE, Vélez-Rubio GM, Fallabrino A, Piovano S, Alfaro-Shigueto J, Ortiz-Alvarez C, Mangel JC, Esquerré D, Zárate P, Medrano C, León Miranda F, Guerrero F, Vianna JA, Véliz D. Integrating morphological and genetic data at different spatial scales in a cosmopolitan marine turtle species: challenges for management and conservation. Zool J Linn Soc 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPatterns of genetic structure in highly mobile marine vertebrates may be accompanied by phenotypic variation. Most studies in marine turtles focused on population genetic structure have been performed at rookeries. We studied whether genetic and morphological variation of the endangered green turtle (Chelonia mydas) is consistent geographically, focusing on foraging grounds. An association between population genetic structure and body shape variation at broad (inter-lineage) and fine (foraging grounds) scales was predicted and analysed using mitochondrial DNA and geometric morphometrics. Although genetic and phenotypic differentiation patterns were congruent between lineages, no fine-scale association was found, suggesting adaptive divergence. Connectivity among Pacific foraging grounds found here suggests that temperatures of ocean surface currents may influence the genetic structure of C. mydas on a broad scale. Our results suggest that vicariance, dispersal, life-history traits and ecological conditions operating in foraging grounds have shaped the intraspecific morphology and genetic diversity of this species. Considering a range of geographic and temporal scales is useful when management strategies are required for cosmopolitan species. Integrating morphological and genetic tools at different spatial scales, conservation management is proposed based on protection of neutral and adaptive diversity. This approach opens new questions and challenges, especially regarding conservation genetics in cosmopolitan species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Álvarez-Varas
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio de Ecología y Manejo Sustentable de Islas Oceánicas (ESMOI), Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
- Qarapara Tortugas Marinas Chile Non-governmental Organization, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maike Heidemeyer
- Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular (CIBCM), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Cynthia Riginos
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hugo A Benítez
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Eduardo Reséndiz
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, México
| | - Mónica Lara-Uc
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, México
| | - Daniel A Godoy
- Coastal-Marine Research Group, Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Juan Pablo Muñoz-Pérez
- Galapagos Science Center GSC (Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ-University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill UNC), Isla San Cristobal, Galapagos, Ecuador
- University of the Sunshine Coast USC, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniela E Alarcón-Ruales
- Galapagos Science Center GSC (Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ-University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill UNC), Isla San Cristobal, Galapagos, Ecuador
| | | | | | - Susanna Piovano
- School of Marine Studies, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji
| | - Joanna Alfaro-Shigueto
- ProDelphinus, Lima, Peru
- Facultad de Biología Marina, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Damien Esquerré
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Patricia Zárate
- Departamento de Oceanografía y Medio Ambiente, Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Carol Medrano
- Qarapara Tortugas Marinas Chile Non-governmental Organization, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabiola León Miranda
- Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Guerrero
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Qarapara Tortugas Marinas Chile Non-governmental Organization, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juliana A Vianna
- Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David Véliz
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio de Ecología y Manejo Sustentable de Islas Oceánicas (ESMOI), Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
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Hawaiian hawksbills: a distinct and isolated nesting colony in the Central North Pacific Ocean revealed by mitochondrial DNA. CONSERV GENET 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-020-01287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Frandsen HR, Figueroa DF, George JA. Mitochondrial genomes and genetic structure of the Kemp's ridley sea turtle ( Lepidochelys kempii). Ecol Evol 2020; 10:249-262. [PMID: 31988726 PMCID: PMC6972797 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) is the world's most endangered sea turtle species and is primarily distributed in the Gulf of Mexico. In the United States, South Padre Island, Texas serves as a key nesting ground for the species. Genetic studies of the Kemp's ridley have been used to aid in conservation and management practices, with the mitochondrial control region as the most commonly used marker due to its perceived hypervariability and ease of sequencing. However, with the advent of next generation sequencing technology, targeting complete mitochondrial genomes is now feasible. Here, we describe a more complete mitochondrial genome for the Kemp's ridley than has been previously published in literature and demonstrate a cost-effective and efficient method for obtaining complete mitochondrial genomes from sea turtles. We compare the genetic diversity and taxonomic resolution obtained from whole mitochondrial genomes to that obtained from the mitochondrial control region alone. We compare current genetic diversity with previous records. Furthermore, we evaluate the genetic structure between the breeding stock in South Padre Island and that of deceased Kemp's ridleys recovered on the Northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico after the 2010 BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and of Kemp's ridleys stranded on the East Coast of the United States. Our results show that complete mitochondrial genomes provide greater resolution than the control region alone. They also show that the genetic diversity of the Kemp's ridley has remained stable, despite large population declines, and that the genetic makeup of deceased turtles stranded after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill is indistinguishable from the breeding stock in South Padre Island, Texas. OPEN DATA BADGE This article has earned an Open Data Badge for making publicly available the digitally-shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/.
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Álvarez-Varas R, Véliz D, Vélez-Rubio GM, Fallabrino A, Zárate P, Heidemeyer M, Godoy DA, Benítez HA. Identifying genetic lineages through shape: An example in a cosmopolitan marine turtle species using geometric morphometrics. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223587. [PMID: 31589640 PMCID: PMC6779254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The green turtle (Chelonia mydas) is a globally distributed marine species whose evolutionary history has been molded by geological events and oceanographic and climate changes. Divergence between Atlantic and Pacific clades has been associated with the uplift of the Panama Isthmus, and inside the Pacific region, a biogeographic barrier located west of Hawaii has restricted the gene flow between Central/Eastern and Western Pacific populations. We investigated the carapace shape of C. mydas from individuals of Atlantic, Eastern Pacific, and Western Pacific genetic lineages using geometric morphometrics to evaluate congruence between external morphology and species' phylogeography. Furthermore, we assessed the variation of carapace shape according to foraging grounds. Three morphologically distinctive groups were observed which aligned with predictions based on the species' lineages, suggesting a substantial genetic influence on carapace shape. Based on the relationship between this trait and genetic lineages, we propose the existence of at least three distinct morphotypes of C. mydas. Well-defined groups in some foraging grounds (Galapagos, Costa Rica and New Zealand) may suggest that ecological or environmental conditions in these sites could also be influencing carapace shape in C. mydas. Geometric morphometrics is a suitable tool to differentiate genetic lineages in this cosmopolitan marine species. Consequently, this study opens new possibilities to explore and test ecological and evolutionary hypotheses in species with wide morphological variation and broad geographic distribution range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Álvarez-Varas
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio de Ecología y Manejo Sustentable de Islas Oceánicas (ESMOI), Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - David Véliz
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio de Ecología y Manejo Sustentable de Islas Oceánicas (ESMOI), Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - Gabriela M. Vélez-Rubio
- Karumbé NGO, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Centro Universitario Regional del Este (CURE), Sede Rocha, Universidad de la República, Rocha, Uruguay
| | | | - Patricia Zárate
- Departamento de Oceanografía y Medio Ambiente, Instituto de Fomento Pesquero, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Maike Heidemeyer
- Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular (CIBCM), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología (CIMAR), Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, Costa Rica
- Asociación para la Conservación Integral de Recursos Naturales Equipo Tora Carey (ETC), El Jobo, La Cruz, Guanacaste, Costa Rica
| | - Daniel A. Godoy
- Coastal-Marine Research Group, Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hugo A. Benítez
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
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Mixed stock analysis of juvenile green turtles aggregating at two foraging grounds in Fiji reveals major contribution from the American Samoa Management Unit. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3150. [PMID: 30816199 PMCID: PMC6395598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39475-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we assessed the breeding population, or Management Unit (MU), origin of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) present at Yadua Island and Makogai Island foraging grounds in Fiji, central South Pacific. Based on analysis of mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequences from 150 immature green turtles caught during surveys carried out in 2015–2016, we identified a total of 18 haplotypes, the most common being CmP22.1 (44%) which is a primary haplotype characterizing the American Samoa breeding population. Results of a Bayesian mixed-stock analysis reveals that the two foraging grounds are used by green turtles from the American Samoa MU (72%, Credible Interval (CI): 56–87%), New Caledonia MU (17%, CI: 6–26%) and French Polynesia MU (7%, CI: 0–23%). The prominence of the contribution we found from the American Samoa MU compared to that of French Polynesia, both which have historic telemetry and tagging data showing connectivity with Fijian foraging areas, may reflect the current relative abundance of these two nesting populations and draws attention to a need to update population surveys and identify any significant nesting in Fiji that may have been overlooked.
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Jang S, Balazs GH, Parker DM, Kim BY, Kim MY, Ng CKY, Kim TW. Movements of Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) Rescued from Pound Nets Near Jeju Island, Republic of Korea. CHELONIAN CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.2744/ccb-1279.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Jang
- Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative, the Graduate School, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760,
| | - George H. Balazs
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Inouye Regional Center, National Marine Fisheries S
| | - Denise M. Parker
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawaii, National Oceanic and Atmo
| | - Byung-Yeob Kim
- College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju City 63243, Republic of Korea [kimby@jejun
| | - Mi Yeon Kim
- Wildlife Research Center of Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8203, Japan []
| | - Connie Ka Yan Ng
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong,
| | - Tae Won Kim
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea []
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Ng CKY, Dutton PH, Gu HX, Li TH, Ye MB, Xia ZR, Zhang FY, Duan JX, Hsu CK, Balazs GH, Murphy MB. Regional Conservation Implications of Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Genetic Stock Composition in China. CHELONIAN CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.2744/ccb-1253.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Connie Ka Yan Ng
- Department of Biology and Chemistry and State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China [ ; ];
| | - Peter H. Dutton
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, California 92037 USA [ ];
| | - He Xiang Gu
- Guangdong Huidong Sea Turtle National Nature Reserve Bureau. China Sea Turtle Base. Sea Turtle Bay, Gangkou Town, Huidong County, Guangdong Province, 516359, People's Republic of China [ ; ; ; ; ];
| | - Tsung Hsien Li
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Checheng, Pingtung, 94450, Taiwan [ ];
| | - Ming Bin Ye
- Guangdong Huidong Sea Turtle National Nature Reserve Bureau. China Sea Turtle Base. Sea Turtle Bay, Gangkou Town, Huidong County, Guangdong Province, 516359, People's Republic of China [ ; ; ; ; ];
| | - Zhong Rong Xia
- Guangdong Huidong Sea Turtle National Nature Reserve Bureau. China Sea Turtle Base. Sea Turtle Bay, Gangkou Town, Huidong County, Guangdong Province, 516359, People's Republic of China [ ; ; ; ; ];
| | - Fei Yan Zhang
- Guangdong Huidong Sea Turtle National Nature Reserve Bureau. China Sea Turtle Base. Sea Turtle Bay, Gangkou Town, Huidong County, Guangdong Province, 516359, People's Republic of China [ ; ; ; ; ];
| | - Jin Xia Duan
- Guangdong Huidong Sea Turtle National Nature Reserve Bureau. China Sea Turtle Base. Sea Turtle Bay, Gangkou Town, Huidong County, Guangdong Province, 516359, People's Republic of China [ ; ; ; ; ];
| | - Chung Kang Hsu
- Penghu Marine Biology Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, 266, Shihli, Magong, Penghu, Taiwan [ ];
| | - George H. Balazs
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1845 Wasp Boulevard. Honolulu, Hawaii 96818 USA [ ; ]
| | - Margaret B. Murphy
- Department of Biology and Chemistry and State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China [ ; ];
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Chaves JA, Peña M, Valdés-Uribe JA, Muñoz-Pérez JP, Vallejo F, Heidemeyer M, Torres-Carvajal O. Connectivity, population structure, and conservation of Ecuadorian green sea turtles. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2017. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Reséndiz E, Flores-Ramírez S, Koch V, Cordero-Tapia A. First Record of Fibropapillomatosis in a Green Turtle Chelonia mydas from the Baja California Peninsula. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2016; 28:252-257. [PMID: 27786797 DOI: 10.1080/08997659.2016.1223207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibropapillomatosis (FP) is characterized by multiple fibroepithelial tumors in all parts of the skin and has been reported in sea turtles worldwide. Clinically infected individuals are often emaciated and anemic. In Mexico, however, there are few records of this disease. In this study of green turtles Chelonia mydas in Laguna San Ignacio in Baja California Sur (BCS), we noted one juvenile with multifocal fibropapilloma lesions on the external upper surface of its eyes and hind flippers. Light microscopy revealed hyperkeratosis, epidermal hyperplasia, dermal papillary projections, and fibroblast proliferation. Electron microscopy revealed viral particles. Biopsies of normal skin were done to determine the origin of the turtle through genetic analysis. Its mitochondrial DNA matched that of a haplotype (CMP2) from a Hawaiian green turtle population. Finding FP in a turtle captured in BCS elucidates the need for further monitoring along the west coast of Mexico. Further investigation should include testing tumors to detect and characterize any chelonid herpesviruses and explore any association with FP and other diseases that pose a health risk to other sea turtle species. Received March 26, 2016; accepted August 3, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Reséndiz
- a Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur , Carretera al Sur KM 5.5, Apartado Postal 19-B,C.P. 23080 , La Paz , Baja California Sur , México
| | - Sergio Flores-Ramírez
- a Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur , Carretera al Sur KM 5.5, Apartado Postal 19-B,C.P. 23080 , La Paz , Baja California Sur , México
| | - Volker Koch
- a Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur , Carretera al Sur KM 5.5, Apartado Postal 19-B,C.P. 23080 , La Paz , Baja California Sur , México
| | - Amaury Cordero-Tapia
- b Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste , Mar Bermejo 195, Colonia: Playa Palo de Santa Rita , Apartado Postal 128, C.P. 23090 , La Paz , Baja California Sur , México
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Piacenza SE, Balazs GH, Hargrove SK, Richards PM, Heppell SS. Trends and variability in demographic indicators of a recovering population of green sea turtles Chelonia mydas. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2016. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Joseph J, Nishizawa H, Arshaad WM, Kadir SAS, Jaaman SA, Bali J, Jamaludin NA, Katoh M. Genetic stock compositions and natal origin of green turtle ( Chelonia mydas ) foraging at Brunei Bay. Glob Ecol Conserv 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Van Houtan KS, Francke DL, Alessi S, Jones TT, Martin SL, Kurpita L, King CS, Baird RW. The developmental biogeography of hawksbill sea turtles in the North Pacific. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:2378-89. [PMID: 27110350 PMCID: PMC4834323 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High seas oceanic ecosystems are considered important habitat for juvenile sea turtles, yet much remains cryptic about this important life‐history period. Recent progress on climate and fishery impacts in these so‐called lost years is promising, but the developmental biogeography of hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) has not been widely described in the Pacific Ocean. This knowledge gap limits the effectiveness of conservation management for this globally endangered species. We address this with 30 years of stranding observations, 20 years of bycatch records, and recent simulations of natal dispersal trajectories in the Hawaiian Archipelago. We synthesize the analyses of these data in the context of direct empirical observations, anecdotal sightings, and historical commercial harvests from the insular Pacific. We find hawksbills 0–4 years of age, measuring 8–34 cm straight carapace length, are found predominantly in the coastal pelagic waters of Hawaii. Unlike other species, we find no direct evidence of a prolonged presence in oceanic habitats, yet satellite tracks of passive drifters (simulating natal dispersal) and our small sample sizes suggest that an oceanic phase for hawksbills cannot be dismissed. Importantly, despite over 600 million hooks deployed and nearly 6000 turtle interactions, longline fisheries have never recorded a single hawksbill take. We address whether the patterns we observe are due to population size and gear selectivity. Although most sea turtle species demonstrate clear patterns of oceanic development, hawksbills in the North Pacific may by contrast occupy a variety of ecosystems including coastal pelagic waters and shallow reefs in remote atolls. This focuses attention on hazards in these ecosystems – entanglement and ingestion of marine debris – and perhaps away from longline bycatch and decadal climate regimes that affect sea turtle development in oceanic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle S Van Houtan
- NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Honolulu Hawaii 96818; Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708; Present address: Monterey Bay Aquarium Monterey California 93940
| | - Devon L Francke
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii 96822
| | - Sarah Alessi
- Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii 96822
| | - T Todd Jones
- NOAA Fisheries Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Honolulu Hawaii 96818
| | - Summer L Martin
- National Research Council National Academy of Sciences Washington District of Columbia 20001
| | - Lauren Kurpita
- Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii 96822; World Turtle Trust Kailua Hawaii 96734
| | | | - Robin W Baird
- Cascadia Research Collective Olympia Washington 98501
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Balazs GH, Van Houtan KS, Hargrove SA, Brunson SM, Murakawa SKK. A Review of the Demographic Features of Hawaiian Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas). CHELONIAN CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.2744/ccb-1172.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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14
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Álvarez-Varas R, Petitpas R, Stowhas P, Fuentes-Hurtado M. Conservation Research Needs of Easter Island (Rapa Nui) Marine Turtles. CHELONIAN CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.2744/ccb-1134.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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15
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Genetic structure and diversity of green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) from South China Sea inferred by mtDNA control region sequence. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Population structure enhances perspectives on regional management of the western Indian Ocean green turtle. CONSERV GENET 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-015-0723-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dutton PH, Jensen MP, Frey A, LaCasella E, Balazs GH, Zárate P, Chassin-Noria O, Sarti-Martinez AL, Velez E. Population structure and phylogeography reveal pathways of colonization by a migratory marine reptile (Chelonia mydas) in the central and eastern Pacific. Ecol Evol 2014; 4:4317-31. [PMID: 25540693 PMCID: PMC4267870 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate, behavior, ecology, and oceanography shape patterns of biodiversity in marine faunas in the absence of obvious geographic barriers. Marine turtles are an example of highly migratory creatures with deep evolutionary lineages and complex life histories that span both terrestrial and marine environments. Previous studies have focused on the deep isolation of evolutionary lineages (>3 mya) through vicariance; however, little attention has been given to the pathways of colonization of the eastern Pacific and the processes that have shaped diversity within the most recent evolutionary time. We sequenced 770 bp of the mtDNA control region to examine the stock structure and phylogeography of 545 green turtles from eight different rookeries in the central and eastern Pacific. We found significant differentiation between the geographically separated nesting populations and identified five distinct stocks (FST = 0.08–0.44, P < 0.005). Central and eastern Pacific Chelonia mydas form a monophyletic group containing 3 subclades, with Hawaii more closely related to the eastern Pacific than western Pacific populations. The split between sampled central/eastern and western Pacific haplotypes was estimated at around 0.34 mya, suggesting that the Pacific region west of Hawaii has been a more formidable barrier to gene flow in C. mydas than the East Pacific Barrier. Our results suggest that the eastern Pacific was colonized from the western Pacific via the Central North Pacific and that the Revillagigedos Islands provided a stepping-stone for radiation of green turtles from the Hawaiian Archipelago to the eastern Pacific. Our results fit with a broader paradigm that has been described for marine biodiversity, where oceanic islands, such as Hawaii and Revillagigedo, rather than being peripheral evolutionary “graveyards”, serve as sources and recipients of diversity and provide a mechanism for further radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Dutton
- Marine Mammal & Turtle Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Michael P Jensen
- Marine Mammal & Turtle Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Amy Frey
- Marine Mammal & Turtle Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Erin LaCasella
- Marine Mammal & Turtle Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 8901 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - George H Balazs
- Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 1845 Wasp Blvd., Honolulu, Hawaii, 96818
| | - Patricia Zárate
- Archie Carr Center for Sea Turtle Research and Department of Biology, University of Florida PO Box 118525, Gainesville, Florida, 32611
| | - Omar Chassin-Noria
- Facultad de Biología, Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología- UMSNH Morelia, Michoacán, 58030, México
| | - Adriana Laura Sarti-Martinez
- Dirección de Especies Prioritarias para la Conservación, CONANP Camino al Ajusco 200, 2° piso Ala Sur, Col. Jardines en la Montaña, México, DF, 14210, México
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Nishizawa H, Narazaki T, Fukuoka T, Sato K, Hamabata T, Kinoshita M, Arai N. Juvenile green turtles on the northern edge of their range: mtDNA evidence of long-distance westward dispersals in the northern Pacific Ocean. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2014. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Naro-Maciel E, Gaughran SJ, Putman NF, Amato G, Arengo F, Dutton PH, McFadden KW, Vintinner EC, Sterling EJ. Predicting connectivity of green turtles at Palmyra Atoll, central Pacific: a focus on mtDNA and dispersal modelling. J R Soc Interface 2014; 11:20130888. [PMID: 24451389 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2013.0888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Population connectivity and spatial distribution are fundamentally related to ecology, evolution and behaviour. Here, we combined powerful genetic analysis with simulations of particle dispersal in a high-resolution ocean circulation model to investigate the distribution of green turtles foraging at the remote Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge, central Pacific. We analysed mitochondrial sequences from turtles (n = 349) collected there over 5 years (2008-2012). Genetic analysis assigned natal origins almost exclusively (approx. 97%) to the West Central and South Central Pacific combined Regional Management Units. Further, our modelling results indicated that turtles could potentially drift from rookeries to Palmyra Atoll via surface currents along a near-Equatorial swathe traversing the Pacific. Comparing findings from genetics and modelling highlighted the complex impacts of ocean currents and behaviour on natal origins. Although the Palmyra feeding ground was highly differentiated genetically from others in the Indo-Pacific, there was no significant differentiation among years, sexes or stage-classes at the Refuge. Understanding the distribution of this foraging population advances knowledge of green turtles and contributes to effective conservation planning for this threatened species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Naro-Maciel
- Biology Department, City University of New York, College of Staten Island, , 2800 Victory Boulevard, Staten Island, NY 10314, USA
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Anastácio R, Santos C, Lopes C, Moreira H, Souto L, Ferrão J, Garnier J, Pereira MJ. Reproductive biology and genetic diversity of the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) in Vamizi island, Mozambique. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:540. [PMID: 26034669 PMCID: PMC4447848 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Vamizi, an Island located in the Western Indian Ocean, is visited by a small and not fully characterized green turtle (Chelonia mydas (L.)) population. This population is threatened by natural hazards and several human activities, which are used to identify conservation priorities for marine turtles. It was our aim to contribute to the knowledge of marine turtles that nest in Vamizi, with respect to its regional management, and to an area that may possibly be included on the UNESCO World Heritage List due to its potential Outstanding Universal Value. Case description Here, we evaluate the nesting parameters (incubation period, clutch size, hatching and emergence successes rates) and patterns over an 8-year (2003 – 2010) conservation program. We also present the results of genetic diversity based on the analysis of approximately an 850 pb fragment of the mitochondrial DNA control region. Discussion and evaluation We found that Vamizi beaches host a small number of nesting females, approximately 52 per year, but these have shown a reduction in their length. High hatching success (88.5 ± SD 17.2%, N = 649), emergence success rates (84.5 ± SD 20.4%, N = 649) were observed, and genetic diversity (N = 135), with 11 haplotypes found (7 new). It was also observed, in the later years of this study, a reduction in the incubation period, a dislocation of the nesting peak activity and an increase in the number of flooded nests and an increase of the number of nests in areas with lower human activity. Conclusions Some resilience and behavioral plasticity seems to occur regarding human territory occupancy and climate changes. However, regardless of the results, aspects like what seems to be the reduction of some cohorts, the number of flooded nests and the diminishing of the incubation period (East and South facing beaches), show that conservation efforts have to be improved. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-540) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Anastácio
- Departamento de Biologia e CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Camila Santos
- Departamento de Biologia e CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cardoso Lopes
- Maluane - Cabo Delgado Conservation and Tourism, Pemba, Mozambique
| | - Helena Moreira
- Departamento de Biologia e CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luis Souto
- Departamento de Biologia e CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge Ferrão
- Maluane - Cabo Delgado Conservation and Tourism, Pemba, Mozambique ; Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique
| | - Julie Garnier
- The Zological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY UK
| | - Mário J Pereira
- Departamento de Biologia e CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal ; AFPR - A For Plankton Research, 3800-365 Aveiro, Portugal
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21
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Dutton PH, Frey A. Characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers for the green turtle (Chelonia mydas). Mol Ecol Resour 2013; 9:354-6. [PMID: 21564648 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02443.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We describe primers and polymerase chain reaction conditions to amplify 12 microsatellite loci from the green turtle (Chelonia mydas), including one dinucleotide, four trinucleotide and seven tetranucleotide loci. The primers were tested on 78 individuals from a Pacific population nesting in the Hawaiian Islands. The primer pairs developed in this study yielded an average of 8.33 alleles per locus (range of 3-15 alleles), an average observed heterozygosity of 0.668 (range 0.309-0.910), and an average polymorphic information content of 0.647 (range 0.287-0.894).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Dutton
- NOAA Fisheries, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 8604 La Jolla Shores Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Roden SE, Morin PA, Frey A, Balazs GH, Zarate P, Cheng IJ, Dutton PH. Green turtle population structure in the Pacific: new insights from single nucleotide polymorphisms and microsatellites. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2013. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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23
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Leroux RA, Dutton PH, Abreu-Grobois FA, Lagueux CJ, Campbell CL, Delcroix E, Chevalier J, Horrocks JA, Hillis-Starr Z, Troëng S, Harrison E, Stapleton S. Re-examination of population structure and phylogeography of hawksbill turtles in the wider Caribbean using longer mtDNA sequences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 103:806-20. [PMID: 23045611 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/ess055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Management of the critically endangered hawksbill turtle in the Wider Caribbean (WC) has been hampered by knowledge gaps regarding stock structure. We carried out a comprehensive stock structure re-assessment of 11 WC hawksbill rookeries using longer mtDNA sequences, larger sample sizes (N = 647), and additional rookeries compared to previous surveys. Additional variation detected by 740 bp sequences between populations allowed us to differentiate populations such as Barbados-Windward and Guadeloupe (F (st) = 0.683, P < 0.05) that appeared genetically indistinguishable based on shorter 380 bp sequences. POWSIM analysis showed that longer sequences improved power to detect population structure and that when N < 30, increasing the variation detected was as effective in increasing power as increasing sample size. Geographic patterns of genetic variation suggest a model of periodic long-distance colonization coupled with region-wide dispersal and subsequent secondary contact within the WC. Mismatch analysis results for individual clades suggest a general population expansion in the WC following a historic bottleneck about 100 000-300 000 years ago. We estimated an effective female population size (N (ef)) of 6000-9000 for the WC, similar to the current estimated numbers of breeding females, highlighting the importance of these regional rookeries to maintaining genetic diversity in hawksbills. Our results provide a basis for standardizing future work to 740 bp sequence reads and establish a more complete baseline for determining stock boundaries in this migratory marine species. Finally, our findings illustrate the value of maintaining an archive of specimens for re-analysis as new markers become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin A Leroux
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Eguchi T, Seminoff JA, LeRoux RA, Prosperi D, Dutton DL, Dutton PH. Morphology and Growth Rates of the Green Sea Turtle (Chelonia mydas) in a Northern-most Temperate Foraging Ground. HERPETOLOGICA 2012. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-11-00050.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Amorocho DF, Abreu-Grobois FA, Dutton PH, Reina RD. Multiple distant origins for green sea turtles aggregating off Gorgona Island in the Colombian eastern Pacific. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31486. [PMID: 22319635 PMCID: PMC3271101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA analyses have been useful for resolving maternal lineages and migratory behavior to foraging grounds (FG) in sea turtles. However, little is known about source rookeries and haplotype composition of foraging green turtle aggregations in the southeastern Pacific. We used mitochondrial DNA control region sequences to identify the haplotype composition of 55 green turtles, Chelonia mydas, captured in foraging grounds of Gorgona National Park in the Colombian Pacific. Amplified fragments of the control region (457 bp) revealed the presence of seven haplotypes, with haplotype (h) and nucleotide (π) diversities of h = 0.300±0.080 and π = 0.009±0.005 respectively. The most common haplotype was CMP4 observed in 83% of individuals, followed by CMP22 (5%). The genetic composition of the Gorgona foraging population primarily comprised haplotypes that have been found at eastern Pacific rookeries including Mexico and the Galapagos, as well as haplotypes of unknown stock origin that likely originated from more distant western Pacific rookeries. Mixed stock analysis suggests that the Gorgona FG population is comprised mostly of animals from the Galapagos rookery (80%). Lagrangian drifter data showed that movement of turtles along the eastern Pacific coast and eastward from distant western and central Pacific sites was possible through passive drift. Our results highlight the importance of this protected area for conservation management of green turtles recruited from distant sites along the eastern Pacific Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego F. Amorocho
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Research Center for Environmental Management and Development, Cali, Colombia
| | - F. Alberto Abreu-Grobois
- Unidad Académica Mazatlan, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mazatlan, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Peter H. Dutton
- Protected Resources Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Richard D. Reina
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Godley BJ, Barbosa C, Bruford M, Broderick AC, Catry P, Coyne MS, Formia A, Hays GC, Witt MJ. Unravelling migratory connectivity in marine turtles using multiple methods. J Appl Ecol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01817.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nishizawa H, Okuyama J, Kobayashi M, Abe O, Arai N. Comparative phylogeny and historical perspectives on population genetics of the Pacific hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas), inferred from feeding populations in the Yaeyama Islands, Japan. Zoolog Sci 2010; 27:14-8. [PMID: 20064003 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.27.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA sequence polymorphisms and patterns of genetic diversity represent the genealogy and relative impacts of historical, geographic, and demographic events on populations. In this study, historical patterns of population dynamics and differentiation in hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata) and green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Pacific were estimated from feeding populations in the Yaeyama Islands, Japan. Phylogenetic relationships of the haplotypes indicated that hawksbill and green turtles in the Pacific probably underwent very similar patterns and processes of population dynamics over the last million years, with population subdivision during the early Pleistocene and population expansion after the last glacial maximum. These significant contemporary historical events were suggested to have been caused by climatic and sea-level fluctuations. On the other hand, comparing our results to long-term population dynamics in the Atlantic, population subdivisions during the early Pleistocene were specific to Pacific hawksbill and green turtles. Therefore, regional differences in historical population dynamics are suggested. Despite limited sampling locations, these results are the first step in estimating the historical trends in Pacific sea turtles by using phylogenetics and population genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Nishizawa
- Department of Social Informatics, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Roden SE, Dutton PH, Morin PA. AFLP Fragment Isolation Technique as a Method to Produce Random Sequences for Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Discovery in the Green Turtle, Chelonia mydas. J Hered 2009; 100:390-3. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esn108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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