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Sevillano F, Blanch M, Pastor JJ, Ibáñez MA, Menoyo D. Effects of Olive Pomace and Spice Extracts on Performance and Antioxidant Function in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2025; 15:808. [PMID: 40150337 PMCID: PMC11939207 DOI: 10.3390/ani15060808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2025] [Revised: 02/25/2025] [Accepted: 03/06/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate the effects of an olive pomace extract (OE) and a fat-encapsulated extract composed of a blend of oleoresins from Capsicum sp., black pepper, and ginger (SPICY) on broiler chicken performance and antioxidant function. In total, 640 1-day-old male chicks were randomly assigned to five experimental diets (eight replicates/treatment, 16 birds/replicate). Diets included a basal diet with no added vitamin E (NC), NC plus 100 ppm of vitamin E (PC), NC plus 1250 ppm of OE, NC plus 250 ppm of (SPICY), and NC plus 1250 ppm OE plus 250 ppm of SPICY (SPIOE). Phytogenic additives were supplied by Lucta S.A., Spain. Compared to the NC, the PC significantly (p < 0.05) increased ADG from 8 to 14 days of age, with both OE and SPICY showing intermediate values between both controls. At the end of this trial, at 35 days of age, a significant (p < 0.05) increase in plasma GPx activity was observed in PC-fed birds compared to the NC, with no effects of malonyl dialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity. Birds fed the OE and SPICY displayed intermediate values of GPx activity compared to both controls. The expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glutathione S-Transferase Alpha 4 (GSTA4) was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the jejunal mucosa of birds fed the OE compared to the NC. Moreover, the expression of HSP70 was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in birds fed the OE compared to SPICY but was not significantly different compared to the blend of both extracts (SPIOE). In conclusion, OE and SPICY were useful in maintaining growth performance in no vit E-supplemented diets, particularly in the case of OE mediated by its antioxidant action through HSP70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Sevillano
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETS Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Marta Blanch
- Innovation Division, Lucta S. A., UAB Research Park, Edifici Eureka, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.B.); (J.J.P.)
| | - Jose J. Pastor
- Innovation Division, Lucta S. A., UAB Research Park, Edifici Eureka, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (M.B.); (J.J.P.)
| | - Miguel Angel Ibáñez
- Departamento de Economía Agraria, Estadística y Gestión de Empresas, ETS Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - David Menoyo
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETS Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Es-Sai B, Wahnou H, Benayad S, Rabbaa S, Laaziouez Y, El Kebbaj R, Limami Y, Duval RE. Gamma-Tocopherol: A Comprehensive Review of Its Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anticancer Properties. Molecules 2025; 30:653. [PMID: 39942758 PMCID: PMC11821177 DOI: 10.3390/molecules30030653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2024] [Revised: 01/27/2025] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Gamma-tocopherol (γ-tocopherol), a major isoform of vitamin E, exhibits potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties, making it a promising therapeutic candidate for treating oxidative stress-related diseases. Unlike other tocopherol isoforms, γ-tocopherol effectively neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), providing robust cellular protection against oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation. Its anti-inflammatory effects are mediated through the modulation of pathways involving cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), reducing chronic inflammation and its associated risks. In cancer therapy, γ-tocopherol demonstrates multifaceted activity, including the inhibition of tumor growth, induction of apoptosis, and suppression of angiogenesis, with significant efficacy observed in cancers such as prostate, lung, and colon. Preclinical and clinical studies support its efficacy in mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer progression, with excellent tolerance at physiological levels. However, high doses necessitate careful evaluation to minimize adverse effects. This review consolidates current knowledge on γ-tocopherol's biological activities and clinical implications, underscoring its importance as a natural compound for managing inflammation, oxidative stress, and cancer. As a perspective, advancements in nanoformulation technology could enhance γ-tocopherol's bioavailability, stability, and targeted delivery, offering the potential to optimize its therapeutic application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Es-Sai
- Sciences and Engineering of Biomedicals, Biophysics and Health Laboratory, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University, Settat 26000, Morocco; (B.E.-S.); (S.B.); (S.R.); (Y.L.); (R.E.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hicham Wahnou
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, B.P. 2693, Maarif, Casablanca 20100, Morocco;
| | - Salma Benayad
- Sciences and Engineering of Biomedicals, Biophysics and Health Laboratory, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University, Settat 26000, Morocco; (B.E.-S.); (S.B.); (S.R.); (Y.L.); (R.E.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Soufiane Rabbaa
- Sciences and Engineering of Biomedicals, Biophysics and Health Laboratory, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University, Settat 26000, Morocco; (B.E.-S.); (S.B.); (S.R.); (Y.L.); (R.E.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yassir Laaziouez
- Sciences and Engineering of Biomedicals, Biophysics and Health Laboratory, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University, Settat 26000, Morocco; (B.E.-S.); (S.B.); (S.R.); (Y.L.); (R.E.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Riad El Kebbaj
- Sciences and Engineering of Biomedicals, Biophysics and Health Laboratory, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University, Settat 26000, Morocco; (B.E.-S.); (S.B.); (S.R.); (Y.L.); (R.E.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Youness Limami
- Sciences and Engineering of Biomedicals, Biophysics and Health Laboratory, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University, Settat 26000, Morocco; (B.E.-S.); (S.B.); (S.R.); (Y.L.); (R.E.K.); (Y.L.)
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Rbah Y, Taaifi Y, Allay A, Belhaj K, Melhaoui R, Houmy N, Ben Moumen A, Azeroual E, Addi M, Mansouri F, Serghini-Caid H, Elamrani A. A Comprehensive Exploration of the Fatty Acids Profile, Cholesterol, and Tocopherols Levels in Liver from Laying Hens Fed Diets Containing Nonindustrial Hemp Seed. SCIENTIFICA 2024; 2024:8848436. [PMID: 38222849 PMCID: PMC10783980 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8848436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of dietary nonindustrial Moroccan hemp seed (HS) on the fatty acid profile, cholesterol, and tocopherol levels, in the liver of 120 Lohmann brown laying hens aged 22 weeks during 12 weeks of treatment. The hens are randomly allocated into four treatment groups, each subdivided into six replicates with five birds in each replicate. The dietary treatments consist of 0% HS (control), 10% HS, 20% HS, and 30% HS. Results indicate a substantial increase (p < 0.01) in polyunsaturated fatty acids, including omega 3 (n-3) and omega 6 (n-6) types, with the inclusion of HS in the diet. The n-6/n-3 ratio is significantly reduced (p < 0.01), and there is a significant reduction (p < 0.01) in saturated fatty acids only for the 30% HS treatment, indicating a more favorable fatty acid composition. Cholesterol levels remain largely unaffected by HS inclusion, except for the 10% HS group, which shows a significant decrease (p < 0.05). Moreover, hepatic tocopherol levels are significantly elevated (p < 0.01) in subjects receiving the HS diet, with the 30% HS group exhibiting the highest tocopherol content. In summary, incorporating HS into the diet up to 30% appears to offer promising benefits for hepatic lipid composition, particularly in terms of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, the n-6/n-3 ratio, and tocopherol levels, while having minimal impact on cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Rbah
- Laboratory for Agricultural Productions Improvement, Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, BP-717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Yassine Taaifi
- Laboratory for Agricultural Productions Improvement, Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, BP-717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Aymane Allay
- Laboratory for Agricultural Productions Improvement, Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, BP-717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Kamal Belhaj
- Laboratory of Sustainable Agriculture Management, Higher School of Technology Sidi Bennour, University Chouaib Doukkali, Street Jabran Khalil Jabran BP 299-24000, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Reda Melhaoui
- Laboratory for Agricultural Productions Improvement, Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, BP-717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Nadia Houmy
- Agro-Food Technology and Quality Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Oujda National Institute of Agricultural Research, Ennasr Av, BP 415, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - Abdessamad Ben Moumen
- Laboratory for Agricultural Productions Improvement, Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, BP-717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | | | - Mohamed Addi
- Laboratory for Agricultural Productions Improvement, Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, BP-717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Farid Mansouri
- Laboratory for Agricultural Productions Improvement, Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, BP-717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
- Laboratory LSAIP Higher School of Education and Training, Mohammed I University, BP-410, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Hana Serghini-Caid
- Laboratory for Agricultural Productions Improvement, Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, BP-717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Ahmed Elamrani
- Laboratory for Agricultural Productions Improvement, Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, BP-717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
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Herrero-Encinas J, Corrales NL, Sevillano F, Ringseis R, Eder K, Menoyo D. Replacement of Vitamin E by an Extract from an Olive Oil by-Product, Rich in Hydroxytyrosol, in Broiler Diets: Effects on Liver Traits, Oxidation, Lipid Profile, and Transcriptome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1751. [PMID: 37760054 PMCID: PMC10525107 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The study examines the effect of replacing vitamin E (VE) with a liquid obtained from alpeorujo, an olive oil by-product rich in hydroxytyrosol (HT), as an antioxidant in broiler chicken feeds on the gene expression, lipid profile, and oxidation in the liver. There were five diets that differed only in the substitution of supplemental VE (0 to 40 mg/kg with differences of 10 mg/kg) by HT (30 to 0 mg/kg with differences of 7.5 mg/kg). A linear decrease (p < 0.05) in α-tocopherol concentration in the liver was observed with the replacement of VE by HT. There were no significant changes in triglyceride, cholesterol, or TBARS concentrations. The hepatic transcriptome showed 378 differentially expressed genes between broilers fed HT15 (20 mg/kg VE and 15 mg/kg HT) and HT0 (40 mg/kg VE) diets (p < 0.05 and fold change less or higher than 1.3). Significant changes in cell cycle, cell nucleus activity, neuroactivity, and necroptosis pathways and functions were observed. It is concluded that the olive oil by-product, rich in HT, could be used to spare VE as an antioxidant in broiler diets without affecting liver lipid and TBARS concentrations. The differential gene expression analysis showed a potential role of olive polyphenols in enhancing the chicken immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Herrero-Encinas
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, ETS Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.H.-E.); (N.L.C.); (F.S.)
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (R.R.); (K.E.)
| | - Nereida L. Corrales
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, ETS Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.H.-E.); (N.L.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Fernando Sevillano
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, ETS Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.H.-E.); (N.L.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Robert Ringseis
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (R.R.); (K.E.)
| | - Klaus Eder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (R.R.); (K.E.)
- Center for Sustainable Food Systems, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Senckenbergstr. 3, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - David Menoyo
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, ETS Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.H.-E.); (N.L.C.); (F.S.)
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Gvozdanović K, Kralik Z, Radišić Ž, Košević M, Kralik G, Djurkin Kušec I. The Interaction between Feed Bioactive Compounds and Chicken Genome. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1831. [PMID: 37889707 PMCID: PMC10251886 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumer demand for high quality and safe foods that will have a positive impact on their health has increased in recent years. Today, it is possible to meet those demands by combining the genetic potential of domestic animals and applying different feeding strategies. Nutrigenomics is one of the "omics" sciences that studies the interaction between nutrients and the genome together with their influence on metabolic and physiological processes in the body. While nutrition of domestic animals is solely based on studying the influence of nutrients on animal health and production traits, nutrigenomics integrates the fields of nutrition, genomics, molecular genetics and bioinformatics. By understanding the molecular relationships between different forms and/or concentrations of nutrients in feed and genes, it is possible to answer the question of how small changes in the diet of farm animals can produce a quality product with positive effects on human health. The aim of this article is to describe how the manipulation of adding different nutrients in the feed affects the expression of different genes in chicken and consequently alters their phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Gvozdanović
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Zlata Kralik
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Žarko Radišić
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Manuela Košević
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Gordana Kralik
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Nutricin j.d.o.o., Đure Đakovića 6, 31326 Darda, Croatia
| | - Ivona Djurkin Kušec
- Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Kunej T, Horvat S, Salobir J, Stres B, Mikec Š, Accetto T, Avguštin G, Matijašić BB, Cividini A, Majhenič AČ, Čepon M, Deutsch L, Djurdjevič I, Erjavec E, Gorjanc G, Holcman A, Jordan D, Juvančič L, Kavčič S, Kermauner A, Klopčič M, Kocjančič T, Kovač M, Kuhar A, Lavrenčič A, Leskovec J, Levart A, Malovrh Š, Marinšek-Logar R, Lorbeg PM, Narat M, Obermajer T, Paveljšek D, Pirman T, Potočnik K, Rac I, Rezar V, Rogelj I, Simčič M, Snoj A, Bajec SS, Šumrada T, Terčič D, Treven P, Vodovnik M, Šemrov MZ, Žgajnar J, Žgur S, Dovč P. How Can We Advance Integrative Biology Research in Animal Science in 21st Century? Experience at University of Ljubljana from 2002 to 2022. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2022; 26:586-588. [PMID: 36315198 PMCID: PMC9700370 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2022.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this perspective analysis, we strive to answer the following question: how can we advance integrative biology research in the 21st century with lessons from animal science? At the University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Animal Science, we share here our three lessons learned in the two decades from 2002 to 2022 that we believe could inform integrative biology, systems science, and animal science scholarship in other countries and geographies. Cultivating multiomics knowledge through a conceptual lens of integrative biology is crucial for life sciences research that can stand the test of diverse biological, clinical, and ecological contexts. Moreover, in an era of the current COVID-19 pandemic, animal nutrition and animal science, and the study of their interactions with human health (and vice versa) through integrative biology approaches hold enormous prospects and significance for systems medicine and ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Kunej
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Simon Horvat
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Janez Salobir
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Blaž Stres
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Špela Mikec
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Accetto
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Gorazd Avguštin
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | | | - Angela Cividini
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | | | - Marko Čepon
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Leon Deutsch
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Ida Djurdjevič
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Emil Erjavec
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Gorjanc
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Antonija Holcman
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Dušanka Jordan
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Luka Juvančič
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Stane Kavčič
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Ajda Kermauner
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Marija Klopčič
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Tina Kocjančič
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Milena Kovač
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Kuhar
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Lavrenčič
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Jakob Leskovec
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Levart
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Špela Malovrh
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Romana Marinšek-Logar
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Petra Mohar Lorbeg
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Narat
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Obermajer
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Diana Paveljšek
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Tatjana Pirman
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Klemen Potočnik
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Ilona Rac
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Vida Rezar
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Irena Rogelj
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Simčič
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Snoj
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Simona Sušnik Bajec
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Šumrada
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Dušan Terčič
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Primož Treven
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Maša Vodovnik
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
- Department of Microbiology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Manja Zupan Šemrov
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Jaka Žgajnar
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Silvester Žgur
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
| | - Peter Dovč
- Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Slovenia
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7
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Van Every HA, Schmidt CJ. Transcriptomic and metabolomic characterization of post-hatch metabolic reprogramming during hepatic development in the chicken. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:380. [PMID: 34030631 PMCID: PMC8147372 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07724-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial selection of modern meat-producing chickens (broilers) for production characteristics has led to dramatic changes in phenotype, yet the impact of this selection on metabolic and molecular mechanisms is poorly understood. The first 3 weeks post-hatch represent a critical period of adjustment, during which the yolk lipid is depleted and the bird transitions to reliance on a carbohydrate-rich diet. As the liver is the major organ involved in macronutrient metabolism and nutrient allocatytion, a combined transcriptomics and metabolomics approach has been used to evaluate hepatic metabolic reprogramming between Day 4 (D4) and Day 20 (D20) post-hatch. RESULTS Many transcripts and metabolites involved in metabolic pathways differed in their abundance between D4 and D20, representing different stages of metabolism that are enhanced or diminished. For example, at D20 the first stage of glycolysis that utilizes ATP to store or release glucose is enhanced, while at D4, the ATP-generating phase is enhanced to provide energy for rapid cellular proliferation at this time point. This work has also identified several metabolites, including citrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and glycerol, that appear to play pivotal roles in this reprogramming. CONCLUSIONS At Day 4, metabolic flexibility allows for efficiency to meet the demands of rapid liver growth under oxygen-limiting conditions. At Day 20, the liver's metabolism has shifted to process a carbohydrate-rich diet that supports the rapid overall growth of the modern broiler. Characterizing these metabolic changes associated with normal post-hatch hepatic development has generated testable hypotheses about the involvement of specific genes and metabolites, clarified the importance of hypoxia to rapid organ growth, and contributed to our understanding of the molecular changes affected by decades of artificial selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi A Van Every
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
| | - Carl J Schmidt
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Sailer S, Keller MA, Werner ER, Watschinger K. The Emerging Physiological Role of AGMO 10 Years after Its Gene Identification. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020088. [PMID: 33530536 PMCID: PMC7911779 DOI: 10.3390/life11020088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding alkylglycerol monooxygenase (AGMO) was assigned 10 years ago. So far, AGMO is the only known enzyme capable of catalysing the breakdown of alkylglycerols and lyso-alkylglycerophospholipids. With the knowledge of the genetic information, it was possible to relate a potential contribution for mutations in the AGMO locus to human diseases by genome-wide association studies. A possible role for AGMO was implicated by genetic analyses in a variety of human pathologies such as type 2 diabetes, neurodevelopmental disorders, cancer, and immune defence. Deficient catabolism of stored lipids carrying an alkyl bond by an absence of AGMO was shown to impact on the overall lipid composition also outside the ether lipid pool. This review focuses on the current evidence of AGMO in human diseases and summarises experimental evidence for its role in immunity, energy homeostasis, and development in humans and several model organisms. With the progress in lipidomics platform and genetic identification of enzymes involved in ether lipid metabolism such as AGMO, it is now possible to study the consequence of gene ablation on the global lipid pool and further on certain signalling cascades in a variety of model organisms in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Sailer
- Biocenter, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.S.); (E.R.W.)
| | - Markus A. Keller
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Ernst R. Werner
- Biocenter, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.S.); (E.R.W.)
| | - Katrin Watschinger
- Biocenter, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (S.S.); (E.R.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-512-9003-70344
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Sotomayor CG, Minović I, Eggersdorfer ML, Riphagen IJ, de Borst MH, Dekker LH, Nolte IM, Frank J, van Zon SK, Reijneveld SA, van der Molen JC, Vos MJ, Kootstra-Ros JE, Rodrigo R, Kema IP, Navis GJ, Bakker SJ. Duality of Tocopherol Isoforms and Novel Associations with Vitamins Involved in One-Carbon Metabolism: Results from an Elderly Sample of the LifeLines Cohort Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:580. [PMID: 32102191 PMCID: PMC7071362 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether the affinity of serum vitamin E with total lipids hampers the appropriate assessment of its association with age-related risk factors has not been investigated in epidemiological studies. We aimed to compare linear regression-derived coefficients of the association of non-indexed and total lipids-indexed vitamin E isoforms with clinical and laboratory characteristics pertaining to the lipid, metabolic syndrome, and one-carbon metabolism biological domains. We studied 1429 elderly subjects (non-vitamin supplement users, 60-75 years old, with low and high socioeconomic status) from the population-based LifeLines Cohort and Biobank Study. We found that the associations of tocopherol isoforms with lipids were inverted in total lipids-indexed analyses, which may be indicative of overcorrection. Irrespective of the methods of standardization, we consistently found positive associations of α-tocopherol with vitamins of the one-carbon metabolism pathway and inverse associations with characteristics related to glucose metabolism. The associations of γ-tocopherol were often opposite to those of α-tocopherol. These data suggest that tocopherol isoforms and one-carbon metabolism are related, with beneficial and adverse associations for α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol, respectively. Whether tocopherol isoforms, or their interplay, truly affect the one-carbon metabolism pathway remains to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo G. Sotomayor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.L.E.); (M.H.d.B.); (L.H.D.); (G.J.N.)
| | - Isidor Minović
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.M.); (I.J.R.); (J.C.v.d.M.); (M.J.V.); (J.E.K.-R.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Manfred L. Eggersdorfer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.L.E.); (M.H.d.B.); (L.H.D.); (G.J.N.)
| | - Ineke J. Riphagen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.M.); (I.J.R.); (J.C.v.d.M.); (M.J.V.); (J.E.K.-R.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Martin H. de Borst
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.L.E.); (M.H.d.B.); (L.H.D.); (G.J.N.)
| | - Louise H. Dekker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.L.E.); (M.H.d.B.); (L.H.D.); (G.J.N.)
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Jan Frank
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Sander K.R. van Zon
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands (S.A.R.)
| | - Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands (S.A.R.)
| | - Jan C. van der Molen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.M.); (I.J.R.); (J.C.v.d.M.); (M.J.V.); (J.E.K.-R.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Michel J. Vos
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.M.); (I.J.R.); (J.C.v.d.M.); (M.J.V.); (J.E.K.-R.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Jenny E. Kootstra-Ros
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.M.); (I.J.R.); (J.C.v.d.M.); (M.J.V.); (J.E.K.-R.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago CP 8380453, Chile;
| | - Ido P. Kema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.M.); (I.J.R.); (J.C.v.d.M.); (M.J.V.); (J.E.K.-R.); (I.P.K.)
| | - Gerjan J. Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.L.E.); (M.H.d.B.); (L.H.D.); (G.J.N.)
| | - Stephan J.L. Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.L.E.); (M.H.d.B.); (L.H.D.); (G.J.N.)
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10
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Finno CJ, Bordbari MH, Valberg SJ, Lee D, Herron J, Hines K, Monsour T, Scott E, Bannasch DL, Mickelson J, Xu L. Transcriptome profiling of equine vitamin E deficient neuroaxonal dystrophy identifies upregulation of liver X receptor target genes. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 101:261-271. [PMID: 27751910 PMCID: PMC5154892 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Specific spontaneous heritable neurodegenerative diseases have been associated with lower serum and cerebrospinal fluid α-tocopherol (α-TOH) concentrations. Equine neuroaxonal dystrophy (eNAD) has similar histologic lesions to human ataxia with vitamin E deficiency caused by mutations in the α-TOH transfer protein gene (TTPA). Mutations in TTPA are not present with eNAD and the molecular basis remains unknown. Given the neuropathologic phenotypic similarity of the conditions, we assessed the molecular basis of eNAD by global transcriptome sequencing of the cervical spinal cord. Differential gene expression analysis identified 157 significantly (FDR<0.05) dysregulated transcripts within the spinal cord of eNAD-affected horses. Statistical enrichment analysis identified significant downregulation of the ionotropic and metabotropic group III glutamate receptor, synaptic vesicle trafficking and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways. Gene co-expression analysis identified one module of upregulated genes significantly associated with the eNAD phenotype that included the liver X receptor (LXR) targets CYP7A1, APOE, PLTP and ABCA1. Validation of CYP7A1 and APOE dysregulation was performed in an independent biologic group and CYP7A1 was found to be additionally upregulated in the medulla oblongata of eNAD horses. Evidence of LXR activation supports a role for modulation of oxysterol-dependent LXR transcription factor activity by tocopherols. We hypothesize that the protective role of α-TOH in eNAD may reside in its ability to prevent oxysterol accumulation and subsequent activation of the LXR in order to decrease lipid peroxidation associated neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie J Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
| | - Matthew H Bordbari
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Stephanie J Valberg
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, United States
| | - David Lee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Josi Herron
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Kelly Hines
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Tamer Monsour
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Erica Scott
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Danika L Bannasch
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - James Mickelson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
| | - Libin Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
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