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Li X, Liang Q, Liu L, Chen S, Li Y, Pu Y. FTO attenuates TNF-α-induced damage of proximal tubular epithelial cells in acute pancreatitis-induced acute kidney injury via targeting AQP3 in an N6-methyladenosine-dependent manner. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2322037. [PMID: 38445367 PMCID: PMC10919303 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2322037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Previous investigations have revealed the involvement of FTO alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase (FTO) and aquaporin 3 (AQP3) in AKI. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the association of FTO and AQP3 on proximal tubular epithelial cell damage in SAP-induced AKI. METHODS An in-vitro AKI model was established in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) HK-2 via tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induction (20 ng/mL), after which FTO and AQP3 expression was manipulated and quantified by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting. The viability and apoptosis of PTECs under various conditions, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels within these cells were measured using commercial assay kits and flow cytometry. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation and mRNA stability assays were performed to elucidate the mechanism of FTO-mediated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification. Western blotting was performed to quantify β-catenin protein levels in the PTECs. RESULTS FTO overexpression attenuated the TNF-α-induced decrease in viability and SOD levels, elevated apoptosis, increased levels of ROS and MDA, and diminished TNF-α-induced AQP3 expression and reduced β-catenin expression, but its silencing led to contradictory results. FTO negatively modulates AQP3 levels in RTECs in an m6A-depednent manner and compromises AQP3 stability. In addition, all FTO overexpression-induced effects in TNF-α-induced PTECs were neutralized following AQP3 upregulation. CONCLUSION FTO alleviates TNF-α-induced damage to PTECs in vitro by targeting AQP3 in an m6A-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qi Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shujun Chen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Pu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Cheng X, Guo H, Ma D, Song Y, Zhang Y, Wang H, Du H. Cardioprotective Effects of Phlorizin on Hyperlipidemia-induced Myocardial Injury: Involvement of Suppression in Pyroptosis via Regulating HK1/NLRP3/Caspase-1 Signaling Pathway. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-05056-5. [PMID: 39223343 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-05056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia (HLP) is a prevalent and intricate condition that plays a pivotal role in impairing heart function. The primary objective of this study was to assess the lipid-lowering and cardioprotective properties of phlorizin (PHZ) and to investigate its potential molecular mechanisms in rats. In this investigation, Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a high-fat diet for a period of 28 days to induce an HLP model. Subsequently, the rats received oral doses of PHZ or metformin from day 14 to day 28. We assessed various parameters using commercially available kits, including serum lipid deposition, myocardial injury biomarkers, oxidative stress markers, and inflammatory cytokine levels. We also employed electron microscopy to examine myocardial ultrastructural changes and conducted Western blot analyses to assess apoptosis factors and pyroptosis markers. Comparing the PHZ group with the model group, we observed significant improvements in blood lipid deposition and heart injury biomarkers. Furthermore, PHZ demonstrated a clear reduction in myocardial tissue oxidative stress and inflammatory factors, as well as a suppression of cell apoptosis. Subsequent investigations indicated that PHZ treatment led to a decreased inflammatory response and lowered levels of hexokinase 1 (HK1), NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), and Caspase-1. In summary, PHZ proved to be an effective remedy for alleviating HLP-induced cardiac damage by reducing blood lipid levels, mitigating oxidative stress, curbing inflammation, and suppressing pyroptosis. The inhibition of pyroptosis by PHZ appears to be linked to the regulation of the HK1/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Xizhen Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Haochuan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
| | - Donglai Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Formula Preparations, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050091, Hebei, China
| | - Yongxing Song
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050091, Hebei, China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Formula Preparations, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China.
| | - Hongfang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Formula Preparations, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China.
| | - Huiru Du
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Formula Preparations, Shijiazhuang, 050200, Hebei, China.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei Chemical & Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang, 050026, Hebei, China.
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3
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Liu L, Yu L, Wang Y, Zhou L, Liu Y, Pan X, Huang J. Unravelling the impact of RNA methylation genetic and epigenetic machinery in the treatment of cardiomyopathy. Pharmacol Res 2024; 207:107305. [PMID: 39002868 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy (CM) represents a heterogeneous group of diseases primarily affecting cardiac structure and function, with genetic and epigenetic dysregulation playing a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Emerging evidence from the burgeoning field of epitranscriptomics has brought to light the significant impact of various RNA modifications, notably N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N7-methylguanosine (m7G), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), 2'-O-methylation (Nm), and 6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am), on cardiomyocyte function and the broader processes of cardiac and vascular remodelling. These modifications have been shown to influence key pathological mechanisms including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammation, immune response, and myocardial fibrosis. Importantly, aberrations in the RNA methylation machinery have been observed in human CM cases and animal models, highlighting the critical role of RNA methylating enzymes and their potential as therapeutic targets or biomarkers for CM. This review underscores the necessity for a deeper understanding of RNA methylation processes in the context of CM, to illuminate novel therapeutic avenues and diagnostic tools, thereby addressing a significant gap in the current management strategies for this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China; Laboratory of the Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Linxing Yu
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Yubo Wang
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Liufang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Laboratory of the Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Xingshou Pan
- Laboratory of the Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China.
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China.
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Chen C, Wang J, Zhang S, Zhu X, Hu J, Liu C, Liu L. Epigenetic regulation of diverse regulated cell death modalities in cardiovascular disease: Insights into necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and cuproptosis. Redox Biol 2024; 76:103321. [PMID: 39186883 PMCID: PMC11388786 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell death constitutes a critical component of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. A growing array of non-apoptotic forms of regulated cell death (RCD)-such as necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and cuproptosis-has been identified and is intimately linked to various cardiovascular conditions. These forms of RCD are governed by genetically programmed mechanisms within the cell, with epigenetic modifications being a common and crucial regulatory method. Such modifications include DNA methylation, RNA methylation, histone methylation, histone acetylation, and non-coding RNAs. This review recaps the roles of DNA methylation, RNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular diseases, as well as the mechanisms by which epigenetic modifications regulate key proteins involved in cell death. Furthermore, we systematically catalog the existing epigenetic pharmacological agents targeting novel forms of RCD and their mechanisms of action in cardiovascular diseases. This article aims to underscore the pivotal role of epigenetic modifications in precisely regulating specific pathways of novel RCD in cardiovascular diseases, thus offering potential new therapeutic avenues that may prove more effective and safer than traditional treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xueying Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lanchun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
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5
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Hu H, Li Z, Xie X, Liao Q, Hu Y, Gong C, Gao N, Yang H, Xiao Y, Chen Y. Insights into the role of RNA m 6A modification in the metabolic process and related diseases. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101011. [PMID: 38560499 PMCID: PMC10978549 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
According to the latest consensus, many traditional diseases are considered metabolic diseases, such as cancer, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Currently, metabolic diseases are increasingly prevalent because of the ever-improving living standards and have become the leading threat to human health. Multiple therapy methods have been applied to treat these diseases, which improves the quality of life of many patients, but the overall effect is still unsatisfactory. Therefore, intensive research on the metabolic process and the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases is imperative. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an important modification of eukaryotic RNAs. It is a critical regulator of gene expression that is involved in different cellular functions and physiological processes. Many studies have indicated that m6A modification regulates the development of many metabolic processes and metabolic diseases. In this review, we summarized recent studies on the role of m6A modification in different metabolic processes and metabolic diseases. Additionally, we highlighted the potential m6A-targeted therapy for metabolic diseases, expecting to facilitate m6A-targeted strategies in the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiushi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yiyang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Chunli Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Nannan Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yufeng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
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Li W, Deng Z, Xiao S, Du Q, Zhang M, Song H, Zhao C, Zheng L. Protective effect of vitexin against high fat-induced vascular endothelial inflammation through inhibiting trimethylamine N-oxide-mediated RNA m6A modification. Food Funct 2024; 15:6988-7002. [PMID: 38855818 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04743a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
A high-fat diet (HFD) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the specific effects of a HFD on vascular inflammation and the protective role of vitexin, a bioactive compound derived from food, require further research. This study investigated the protective effects of vitexin intervention against HFD-induced vascular inflammation and its underlying mechanism. The results demonstrated that vitexin intervention significantly reduced body weight, serum total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in HFD-fed mice. Vitexin also improved vascular pathological changes and the inflammatory status in the mice. Furthermore, vitexin intervention reduced serum TMAO levels in HFD-fed mice by altering the gut microbiota composition. The HFD significantly increased N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels in aorta tissues, while vitexin intervention reversed this abnormal m6A level. Through metabolite affinity responsive target fluorescence quenching and molecular docking assays, it was found that vitexin could directly bind to fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), potentially promoting m6A demethylation. The dose-response relationship between TMAO and inflammation/m6A was further validated in HUVEC cells and in vivo mouse experiments. Specifically, TMAO increased m6A levels and inflammation, while vitexin inhibited TMAO-mediated m6A modification, exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the protective role of vitexin against HFD-induced vascular inflammation by inhibiting TMAO-mediated RNA m6A modification, laying the foundation for the development of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
- International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330051, Jiangxi, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Nanchang, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shuang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Qian Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Mengru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Hailing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Caidong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Liufeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
- International Institute of Food Innovation, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330051, Jiangxi, China
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7
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Sopic M, Stopa V, Devaux Y. Leveraging epitranscriptomics for cardiovascular disease theranostics. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:1098-1100. [PMID: 38190430 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Miron Sopic
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B rue Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Victoria Stopa
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B rue Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B rue Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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8
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Lin B, Wan H, Yang J, Yu L, Zhou H, Wan H. Lipid regulation of protocatechualdehyde and hydroxysafflor yellow A via AMPK/SREBP2/PCSK9/LDLR signaling pathway in hyperlipidemic zebrafish. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24908. [PMID: 38333845 PMCID: PMC10850903 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The consumption of a high-cholesterol diet is known to cause hyperlipidemia, which is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Protocatechualdehyde (PCA) and hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) are the active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza and safflower, respectively. However, their exact mechanism is still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate its effects on lipid deposition and liver damage in hyperlipidemic zebrafish and its mechanism of anti-hyperlipidemia. The results showed that the use of PCA and HSYA alone and in combination can improve lipid deposition, slow behavior, abnormal blood flow and liver tissue damage, and the combined use is more effective. Further RT-qPCR results showed that PCA + HSYA can regulate the mRNA levels of PPAR-γ, SREBP2, SREBP1, HMGCR, PCSK9, mTOR, C/EBPα, LDLR, AMPK, HNF-1α and FoxO3a. The PCA + HSYA significantly improves lipid deposition and abnormal liver function in hyperlipidemic zebrafish larvae, which may be related to the AMPK/SREBP2/PCSK9/LDLR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingying Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haofang Wan
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province (grant no. 2020E10012), Hangzhou, China
| | - Huifen Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province (grant no. 2020E10012), Hangzhou, China
| | - Haitong Wan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of TCM Encephalopathy of Zhejiang Province (grant no. 2020E10012), Hangzhou, China
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Karmazyn M, Gan XT. Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying the Cardiac Hypertrophic and Pro-Remodelling Effects of Leptin. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1137. [PMID: 38256208 PMCID: PMC10816997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Since its initial discovery in 1994, the adipokine leptin has received extensive interest as an important satiety factor and regulator of energy expenditure. Although produced primarily by white adipocytes, leptin can be synthesized by numerous tissues including those comprising the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular function can thus be affected by locally produced leptin via an autocrine or paracrine manner but also by circulating leptin. Leptin exerts its effects by binding to and activating specific receptors, termed ObRs or LepRs, belonging to the Class I cytokine family of receptors of which six isoforms have been identified. Although all ObRs have identical intracellular domains, they differ substantially in length in terms of their extracellular domains, which determine their ability to activate cell signalling pathways. The most important of these receptors in terms of biological effects of leptin is the so-called long form (ObRb), which possesses the complete intracellular domain linked to full cell signalling processes. The heart has been shown to express ObRb as well as to produce leptin. Leptin exerts numerous cardiac effects including the development of hypertrophy likely through a number of cell signaling processes as well as mitochondrial dynamics, thus demonstrating substantial complex underlying mechanisms. Here, we discuss mechanisms that potentially mediate leptin-induced cardiac pathological hypertrophy, which may contribute to the development of heart failure.
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10
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Benak D, Kolar F, Zhang L, Devaux Y, Hlavackova M. RNA modification m 6Am: the role in cardiac biology. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2218771. [PMID: 37331009 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2218771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Epitranscriptomic modifications have recently emerged into the spotlight of researchers due to their vast regulatory effects on gene expression and thereby cellular physiology and pathophysiology. N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) is one of the most prevalent chemical marks on RNA and is dynamically regulated by writers (PCIF1, METTL4) and erasers (FTO). The presence or absence of m6Am in RNA affects mRNA stability, regulates transcription, and modulates pre-mRNA splicing. Nevertheless, its functions in the heart are poorly known. This review summarizes the current knowledge and gaps about m6Am modification and its regulators in cardiac biology. It also points out technical challenges and lists the currently available techniques to measure m6Am. A better understanding of epitranscriptomic modifications is needed to improve our knowledge of the molecular regulations in the heart which may lead to novel cardioprotective strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Benak
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Kolar
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lu Zhang
- Bioinformatics Platform, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Marketa Hlavackova
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Yin G, Hu ZQ, Li JY, Wen ZY, Du YQ, Zhou P, Wang L. Shengmai injection inhibits palmitic acid-induced myocardial cell inflammatory death via regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21522. [PMID: 38027923 PMCID: PMC10660519 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the protective effect of Shengmai injection (SMI) on myocardial injury in diabetic rats and its mechanism based on NLRP3/Caspase1 signaling pathway. Materials and methods Rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes were cultured in vitro, and the cell survival rate of different concentrations of palmitate acid (PA) and different concentrations of SMI were detected by CCK-8. The myocardial injury cell model was induced with PA, treated with SMI, and combined with NLRP3 specific inhibitor (MCC950) to interfere with the high-fat-induced rat H9c2 myocardial cell injury model. The cell changes were observed by Hoechst/PI staining and the expression levels of MDA, SOD, and ROS in each group were detected. The protein and gene changes of the NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway were detected by Western blot and RT-qPCR, respectively. Results 200 μmol/L of PA were selected to induce the myocardial injury cell model and 25 μL/mL of SMI was selected for intervention concentration. SMI could significantly reduce MDA expression, increase SOD level, and decrease ROS production. SMI could decrease the gene expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, and GSDMD, and the protein expressions of NLRP3, ASC, Cleaved Caspase-1, GSDMD, and GSDMD-N. Conclusion SMI can inhibit the high-fat-induced activation of the NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling pathway, intervene in cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, and prevent diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yin
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, China
| | - Zi-qing Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, China
| | - Jing-ya Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, China
| | - Zhong-yu Wen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, China
| | - Yong-qin Du
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, China
- Research Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, China
- Research Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230012, China
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12
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Li B, Du M, Sun Q, Cao Z, He H. m 6 A demethylase Fto regulates the TNF-α-induced inflammatory response in cementoblasts. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2806-2815. [PMID: 36227651 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apical periodontitis is the most frequently occurring pathological lesion. Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (Fto) is the first identified RNA N6-methyladenosine demethylase. However, whether Fto regulates apical periodontitis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of Fto in the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced inflammatory response. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established an apical periodontitis model. An immortalized cementoblast cell line (OCCM-30) cells were exposed to TNF-α. Fto, Il6, Mcp1, and Mmp9 expressions were assessed by qRT-PCR. We knocked down Fto using lentiviruses and detected TNF-α-induced inflammation-related gene expressions and mRNA stability. RESULTS Mice with apical periodontitis showed downregulation of Fto expression. OCCM-30 cells exposed to TNF-α showed an upregulation of inflammation-related genes with a decrease in Fto. Furthermore, knockdown of Fto promoted the expressions of Il6, Mcp1, and Mmp9 in TNF-α-treated OCCM-30 cells as compared with negative control cells, whereas it did not affect the mRNA stability. Interestingly, Fto knockdown activated the p65, p38, and ERK1/2 pathways, and it slightly activated the JNK signaling pathway after TNF-α administration in OCCM-30 cells. CONCLUSION A TNF-α-induced decrease in the expression of Fto might play a critical role in the inflammatory response in cementoblasts, and knockdown of Fto might upregulate the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingyuan Du
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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13
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Wang Y, Liu J, Wang Y. Role of TNF-α-induced m6A RNA methylation in diseases: a comprehensive review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1166308. [PMID: 37554306 PMCID: PMC10406503 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1166308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) is ubiquitous in the human body and plays a significant role in various physiological and pathological processes. However, TNF-α-induced diseases remain poorly understood with limited efficacy due to the intricate nature of their mechanisms. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, a prevalent type of epigenetic modification of mRNA, primarily occurs at the post-transcriptional level and is involved in intranuclear and extranuclear mRNA metabolism. Evidence suggests that m6A methylation participates in TNF-α-induced diseases and signaling pathways associated with TNF-α. This review summarizes the involvement of TNF-α and m6A methylation regulators in various diseases, investigates the impact of m6A methylation on TNF-α-induced diseases, and puts forth potential therapeutic targets for treating TNF-α-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yongchen Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- General Practice Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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14
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Zhang X, Cai H, Xu H, Dong S, Ma H. Critical roles of m 6A methylation in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1187514. [PMID: 37273867 PMCID: PMC10235536 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1187514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been established as a major cause of mortality globally. However, the exact pathogenesis remains obscure. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is the most common epigenetic modification on mRNAs regulated by methyltransferase complexes (writers), demethylase transferases (erasers) and binding proteins (readers). It is now understood that m6A is a major player in physiological and pathological cardiac processes. m6A methylation are potentially involved in many mechanisms, for instance, regulation of calcium homeostasis, endothelial function, different forms of cell death, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, macrophage response and inflammation. In this review, we will summarize the molecular functions of m6A enzymes. We mainly focus on m6A-associated mechanisms and functions in CVDs, especially in heart failure and ischemia heart disease. We will also discuss the potential application and clinical transformation of m6A modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- The Public Laboratory Platform of the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Cai
- The Cardiovascular Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - He Xu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Lequn Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Su Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haichun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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15
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Xu ZY, Jing X, Xiong XD. Emerging Role and Mechanism of the FTO Gene in Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050850. [PMID: 37238719 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene was the first obesity-susceptibility gene identified through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). A growing number of studies have suggested that genetic variants of FTO are strongly associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and acute coronary syndrome. In addition, FTO was also the first N6-methyladenosine (m6A) demethylase, suggesting the reversible nature of m6A modification. m6A is dynamically deposited, removed, and recognized by m6A methylases, demethylases, and m6A binding proteins, respectively. By catalyzing m6A demethylation on mRNA, FTO may participate in various biological processes by modulating RNA function. Recent studies demonstrated that FTO plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial fibrosis, heart failure, and atherosclerosis and may hold promise as a potential therapeutic target for treating or preventing a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Here, we review the association between FTO genetic variants and cardiovascular disease risk, summarize the role of FTO as an m6A demethylase in cardiovascular disorders, and discuss future research directions and possible clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yang Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xia Jing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xing-Dong Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
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16
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The Epigenetic Regulation of RNA N6-Methyladenosine Methylation in Glycolipid Metabolism. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020273. [PMID: 36830642 PMCID: PMC9953413 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The highly conserved and dynamically reversible N6-methyladenine (m6A) modification has emerged as a critical gene expression regulator by affecting RNA splicing, translation efficiency, and stability at the post-transcriptional level, which has been established to be involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including glycolipid metabolism and the development of glycolipid metabolic disease (GLMD). Hence, accumulating studies have focused on the effects and regulatory mechanisms of m6A modification on glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and GLMD. This review summarizes the underlying mechanism of how m6A modification regulates glucose and lipid metabolism-related enzymes, transcription factors, and signaling pathways and the advances of m6A regulatory mechanisms in GLMD in order to deepen the understanding of the association of m6A modification with glycolipid metabolism and GLMD.
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17
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Sikorski V, Vento A, Kankuri E. Emerging roles of the RNA modifications N6-methyladenosine and adenosine-to-inosine in cardiovascular diseases. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:426-461. [PMID: 35991314 PMCID: PMC9366019 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases lead the mortality and morbidity disease metrics worldwide. A multitude of chemical base modifications in ribonucleic acids (RNAs) have been linked with key events of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Named either RNA epigenetics or epitranscriptomics, the post-transcriptional RNA modifications, their regulatory pathways, components, and downstream effects substantially contribute to the ways our genetic code is interpreted. Here we review the accumulated discoveries to date regarding the roles of the two most common epitranscriptomic modifications, N6-methyl-adenosine (m6A) and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilbert Sikorski
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Vento
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - IHD-EPITRAN Consortium
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
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18
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Fei L, Sun G, Sun J, Wu D. The effect of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) factors on the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in the mouse model. Bioengineered 2022; 13:7622-7634. [PMID: 35263199 PMCID: PMC8973778 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2049473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can cause loss of alveolar-capillary membrane integrity and life-threatening immune responses. The underlying molecular mechanisms of ARDS remain unclear. N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-RNA modification plays an important part in many biological processes. However, it is not clear whether ARDS alters RNA methylation in lung tissue. We tried to investigate the changes of m6A-RNA methylation in lung tissues of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS mice. Lung tissue samples were collected to detect the expression of m6A factors through hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemical analysis and western blot. The overall m6A levels in lung tissue of ARDS in mouse were detected by UPLC-UV-MS. HE staining showed that the degree of the inflammatory response was more severe in the LPS-3 h group. The mRNA expression of YTHDF1, YTHDC1 and IGFBP3 was remarkably up-regulated at, respectively, 6, 6 and 12 h after LPS treatment. The mRNA expression of METTL16, FTO, METTL3, KIAA1429, RBM15, ALKBH5, YTHDF2, YTHDF3, YTHDC2 and IGFBP2 was significantly down-regulated at 24 h after LPS treatment. The protein expression of METTL16 and FTO increased, YTHDC1, IGFBP3 YTHDF1 and YTHDF3 showed a down-regulation trend after LPS induction. Overall m6A-RNA methylation levels were significantly increased at 6 h after LPS induction. In ARDS mice, LPS-induced m6A methylation may be involved in the expression regulation of inflammatory factors and may play important roles in the occurrence and development of lung tissue. It is suggested that m6A modification may be a promising therapeutic target for ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Fei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Gengyun Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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