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Horseman TS, Frank AM, Cannon G, Zhai M, Olson MG, Lin B, Li X, Hull L, Xiao M, Kiang JG, Burmeister DM. Effects of combined ciprofloxacin and Neulasta therapy on intestinal pathology and gut microbiota after high-dose irradiation in mice. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1365161. [PMID: 38807988 PMCID: PMC11130442 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1365161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Treatments that currently exist in the strategic national stockpile for acute radiation syndrome (ARS) focus on the hematopoietic subsyndrome, with no treatments on gastrointestinal (GI)-ARS. While the gut microbiota helps maintain host homeostasis by mediating GI epithelial and mucosal integrity, radiation exposure can alter gut commensal microbiota which may leave the host susceptible to opportunistic pathogens and serious sequelae such as sepsis. To mitigate the effects of hematopoietic ARS irradiation, currently approved treatments exist in the form of colony stimulating factors and antibiotics: however, there are few studies examining how these therapeutics affect GI-ARS and the gut microbiota. The aim of our study was to examine the longitudinal effects of Neulasta and/or ciprofloxacin treatment on the gut microbiota after exposure to 9.5 Gy 60Co gamma-radiation in mice. Methods The gut microbiota of vehicle and drug-treated mice exposed to sham or gamma-radiation was characterized by shotgun sequencing with alpha diversity, beta diversity, and taxonomy analyzed on days 2, 4, 9, and 15 post-irradiation. Results No significant alpha diversity differences were observed following radiation, while beta diversity shifts and taxonomic profiles revealed significant alterations in Akkermansia, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus. Ciprofloxacin generally led to lower Shannon diversity and Bacteroides prevalence with increases in Akkermansia and Lactobacillus compared to vehicle treated and irradiated mice. While Neulasta increased Shannon diversity and by day 9 had more similar taxonomic profiles to sham than ciprofloxacin-or vehicle-treated irradiated animals. Combined therapy of Neulasta and ciprofloxacin induced a decrease in Shannon diversity and resulted in unique taxonomic profiles early post-irradiation, returning closer to vehicle-treated levels over time, but persistent increases in Akkermansia and Bacteroides compared to Neulasta alone. Discussion This study provides a framework for the identification of microbial elements that may influence radiosensitivity, biodosimetry and the efficacy of potential therapeutics. Moreover, increased survival from H-ARS using these therapeutics may affect the symptoms and appearance of what may have been subclinical GI-ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy S. Horseman
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew M. Frank
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Georgetta Cannon
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Min Zhai
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Matthew G. Olson
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bin Lin
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Xianghong Li
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lisa Hull
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mang Xiao
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Juliann G. Kiang
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David M. Burmeister
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Zhu X, Li Y, Tian X, Jing Y, Wang Z, Yue L, Li J, Wu L, Zhou X, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Guan F, Yang M, Zhang B. REGγ Mitigates Radiation-Induced Enteritis by Preserving Mucin Secretion and Sustaining Microbiome Homeostasis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024:S0002-9440(24)00077-4. [PMID: 38423356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Radiation-induced enteritis, a significant concern in abdominal radiation therapy, is associated closely with gut microbiota dysbiosis. The critical mucus layer plays a pivotal role in preventing the translocation of commensal and pathogenic microbes. Although the significant expression of REGγ in intestinal epithelial cells is well established, its role in modulating the mucus layer and gut microbiota remains enigmatic. The current study revealed notable changes in gut microorganisms and metabolites in irradiated mice lacking REGγ, as opposed to wild-type mice. Concomitant with gut microbiota dysbiosis, REGγ deficiency facilitated the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, thereby exacerbating intestinal inflammation after irradiation. Furthermore, fluorescence in situ hybridization assays unveiled an augmented proximity of bacteria to intestinal epithelial cells in REGγ knockout mice after irradiation. Mechanistically, deficiency of REGγ led to diminished goblet cell populations and reduced expression of key goblet cell markers, Muc2 and Tff3, observed in both murine models, minigut organoid systems and human intestinal goblet cells, indicating the intrinsic role of REGγ within goblet cells. Interestingly, although administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics did not impact the alteration of goblet cell numbers and MUC2 secretion, it effectively attenuated inflammation levels in the ileum of irradiated REGγ absent mice, aligning them with their wild-type counterparts. Collectively, these findings highlight the crucial contribution of REGγ in counteracting radiation-triggered microbial imbalances and cell-autonomous regulation of mucin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhan Zhu
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ya Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chronic Liver Injury, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xue Tian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Jing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zimeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Yue
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jianhui Li
- Department of Pathology, Xuchang Central Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Xuchang, China
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinkui Zhou
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhidan Yu
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yaodong Zhang
- Institute of Pediatric Medicine, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangxia Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Minglei Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bianhong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Hartman TJ, Christie J, Wilson A, Ziegler TR, Methe B, Flanders WD, Rolls BJ, Loye Eberhart B, Li JV, Huneault H, Cousineau B, Perez MR, O'Keefe SJD. Fibre-rich Foods to Treat Obesity and Prevent Colon Cancer trial study protocol: a randomised clinical trial of fibre-rich legumes targeting the gut microbiome, metabolome and gut transit time of overweight and obese patients with a history of noncancerous adenomatous polyps. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081379. [PMID: 38316601 PMCID: PMC10860035 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently published studies support the beneficial effects of consuming fibre-rich legumes, such as cooked dry beans, to improve metabolic health and reduce cancer risk. In participants with overweight/obesity and a history of colorectal polyps, the Fibre-rich Foods to Treat Obesity and Prevent Colon Cancer randomised clinical trial will test whether a high-fibre diet featuring legumes will simultaneously facilitate weight reduction and suppress colonic mucosal biomarkers of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS/DESIGN This study is designed to characterise changes in (1) body weight; (2) biomarkers of insulin resistance and systemic inflammation; (3) compositional and functional profiles of the faecal microbiome and metabolome; (4) mucosal biomarkers of CRC risk and (5) gut transit. Approximately 60 overweight or obese adults with a history of noncancerous adenomatous polyps within the previous 3 years will be recruited and randomised to one of two weight-loss diets. Following a 1-week run-in, participants in the intervention arm will receive preportioned high-fibre legume-rich entrées for two meals/day in months 1-3 and one meal/day in months 4-6. In the control arm, entrées will replace legumes with lean protein sources (eg, chicken). Both groups will receive in-person and written guidance to include nutritionally balanced sides with energy intake to lose 1-2 pounds per week. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The National Institutes of Health fund this ongoing 5-year study through a National Cancer Institute grant (5R01CA245063) awarded to Emory University with a subaward to the University of Pittsburgh. The study protocol was approved by the Emory Institutional Review Board (IRB approval number: 00000563). TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04780477.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terryl J Hartman
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Nutrition and Health Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer Christie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Annette Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas R Ziegler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipids, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Barbara Methe
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Center for the Microbiome and Medicine, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William Dana Flanders
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Barbara J Rolls
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Blaine Loye Eberhart
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jia V Li
- Section of Nutrition Research, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Commonwealth Building, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, UK
| | - Helaina Huneault
- Nutrition and Health Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ben Cousineau
- Nutrition and Health Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Miriam R Perez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephen J D O'Keefe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Jiang X, Zhang B, Lan F, Zhong C, Jin J, Li X, Zhou Q, Li J, Yang N, Wen C, Sun C. Host genetics and gut microbiota jointly regulate blood biochemical indicators in chickens. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:7601-7620. [PMID: 37792060 PMCID: PMC10656342 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12814-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Blood biochemical indicators play a crucial role in assessing an individual's overall health status and metabolic function. In this study, we measured five blood biochemical indicators, including total cholesterol (CHOL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-CH), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CH), and blood glucose (BG), as well as 19 growth traits of 206 male chickens. By integrating host whole-genome information and 16S rRNA sequencing of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and feces microbiota, we assessed the contributions of host genetics and gut microbiota to blood biochemical indicators and their interrelationships. Our results demonstrated significant negative phenotypic and genetic correlations (r = - 0.20 ~ - 0.67) between CHOL and LDL-CH with growth traits such as body weight, abdominal fat content, muscle content, and shin circumference. The results of heritability and microbiability indicated that blood biochemical indicators were jointly regulated by host genetics and gut microbiota. Notably, the heritability of HDL-CH was estimated to be 0.24, while the jejunal microbiability for BG and TG reached 0.45 and 0.23. Furthermore, by conducting genome-wide association study (GWAS) with the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs), insertion/deletion (indels), and structural variation (SV), we identified RAP2C, member of the RAS oncogene family (RAP2C), dedicator of cytokinesis 11 (DOCK11), neurotensin (NTS) and BOP1 ribosomal biogenesis factor (BOP1) as regulators of HDL-CH, and glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase domain containing 5 (GDPD5), dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DHDH), and potassium voltage-gated channel interacting protein 1 (KCNIP1) as candidate genes of BG. Moreover, our findings suggest that cecal RF39 and Clostridia_UCG_014 may be linked to the regulation of CHOL, and jejunal Streptococcaceae may be involved in the regulation of TG. Additionally, microbial GWAS results indicated that the presence of gut microbiota was under host genetic regulation. Our findings provide valuable insights into the complex interaction between host genetics and microbiota in shaping the blood biochemical profile of chickens. KEY POINTS: • Multiple candidate genes were identified for the regulation of CHOL, HDL-CH, and BG. • RF39, Clostridia_UCG_014, and Streptococcaceae were implicated in CHOL and TG modulation. • The composition of gut microbiota is influenced by host genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Jiang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Boxuan Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fangren Lan
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Conghao Zhong
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiaming Jin
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaochang Li
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qianqian Zhou
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junying Li
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chaoliang Wen
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Congjiao Sun
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Venkidesh BS, Shankar SR, Narasimhamurthy RK, Rao SBS, Mumbrekar KD. Radioprotective potential of probiotics against gastrointestinal and neuronal toxicity: a preclinical study. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:3165-3173. [PMID: 37071338 PMCID: PMC10514165 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03184-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy is a critical component of cancer treatment, along with surgery and chemotherapy. Approximately, 90% of cancer patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy show gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity, including bloody diarrhea, and gastritis, most of which are associated with gut dysbiosis. In addition to the direct effect of radiation on the brain, pelvic irradiation can alter the gut microbiome, leading to inflammation and breakdown of the gut-blood barrier. This allows toxins and bacteria to enter the bloodstream and reach the brain. Probiotics have been proven to prevent GI toxicity by producing short-chain fatty acids and exopolysaccharides beneficial for protecting mucosal integrity and oxidative stress reduction in the intestine and also shown to be beneficial in brain health. Microbiota plays a significant role in maintaining gut and brain health, so it is important to study whether bacterial supplementation will help in maintaining the gut and brain structure after radiation exposure. METHODS In the present study, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into control, radiation, probiotics, and probiotics + radiation groups. On the 7th day, animals in the radiation and probiotics + radiation groups received a single dose of 4 Gy to whole-body. Posttreatment, mice were sacrificed, and the intestine and brain tissues were excised for histological analysis to assess GI and neuronal damage. RESULTS Radiation-induced damage to the villi height and mucosal thickness was mitigated by the probiotic treatment significantly (p < 0.01). Further, radiation-induced pyknotic cell numbers in the DG, CA2, and CA3 areas were substantially reduced with bacterial supplementation (p < 0.001). Similarly, probiotics reduced neuronal inflammation induced by radiation in the cortex, CA2, and DG region (p < 0.01). Altogether, the probiotics treatment helps mitigate radiation-induced intestinal and neuronal damage. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the probiotic formulation could attenuate the number of pyknotic cells in the hippocampal brain region and decrease neuroinflammation by reducing the number of microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babu Santhi Venkidesh
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Saligrama R Shankar
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Rekha Koravadi Narasimhamurthy
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Satish Bola Sadashiva Rao
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Kamalesh Dattaram Mumbrekar
- Department of Radiation Biology & Toxicology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
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Yi Y, Lu W, Shen L, Wu Y, Zhang Z. The gut microbiota as a booster for radiotherapy: novel insights into radio-protection and radiation injury. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:48. [PMID: 37218007 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00410-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 60-80% of cancer patients treated with abdominopelvic radiotherapy suffer post-radiotherapy toxicities including radiation enteropathy and myelosuppression. Effective preventive and therapeutic strategies are lacking for such radiation injury. The gut microbiota holds high investigational value for deepening our understanding of the pathogenesis of radiation injury, especially radiation enteropathy which resembles inflammatory bowel disease pathophysiology and for facilitating personalized medicine by providing safer therapies tailored for cancer patients. Preclinical and clinical data consistently support that gut microbiota components including lactate-producers, SCFA-producers, indole compound-producers and Akkermansia impose intestinal and hematopoietic radio-protection. These features serve as potential predictive biomarkers for radiation injury, together with the microbial diversity which robustly predicts milder post-radiotherapy toxicities in multiple types of cancer. The accordingly developed manipulation strategies including selective microbiota transplantation, probiotics, purified functional metabolites and ligands to microbe-host interactive pathways are promising radio-protectors and radio-mitigators that merit extensive validation in clinical trials. With massive mechanistic investigations and pilot clinical trials reinforcing its translational value the gut microbiota may boost the prediction, prevention and mitigation of radiation injury. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art landmark researches related with radio-protection to provide illuminating insights for oncologists, gastroenterologists and laboratory scientists interested in this overlooked complexed disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Yi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqing Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms and Infection, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai, China.
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Espinal A, Epperly MW, Mukherjee A, Fisher R, Shields D, Wang H, Huq MS, Hamade DF, Vlad AM, Coffman L, Buckanovich R, Yu J, Leibowitz BJ, van Pijkeren JP, Patel RB, Stolz D, Watkins S, Ejaz A, Greenberger JS. Intestinal Radiation Protection and Mitigation by Second-Generation Probiotic Lactobacillus-reuteri Engineered to Deliver Interleukin-22. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5616. [PMID: 35628427 PMCID: PMC9145862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The systemic administration of therapeutic agents to the intestine including cytokines, such as Interleukin-22 (IL-22), is compromised by damage to the microvasculature 24 hrs after total body irradiation (TBI). At that time, there is significant death of intestinal microvascular endothelial cells and destruction of the lamina propria, which limits drug delivery through the circulation, thus reducing the capacity of therapeutics to stabilize the numbers of Lgr5+ intestinal crypt stem cells and their progeny, and improve survival. By its direct action on intestinal stem cells and their villus regeneration capacity, IL-22 is both an ionizing irradiation protector and mitigator. (2) Methods: To improve delivery of IL-22 to the irradiated intestine, we gavaged Lactobacillus-reuteri as a platform for the second-generation probiotic Lactobacillus-reuteri-Interleukin-22 (LR-IL-22). (3) Results: There was effective radiation mitigation by gavage of LR-IL-22 at 24 h after intestinal irradiation. Multiple biomarkers of radiation damage to the intestine, immune system and bone marrow were improved by LR-IL-22 compared to the gavage of control LR or intraperitoneal injection of IL-22 protein. (4) Conclusions: Oral administration of LR-IL-22 is an effective protector and mitigator of intestinal irradiation damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Espinal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (A.E.); (M.W.E.); (A.M.); (R.F.); shieldsd+@pitt.edu (D.S.); (M.S.H.); (D.F.H.); (R.B.P.)
| | - Michael W. Epperly
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (A.E.); (M.W.E.); (A.M.); (R.F.); shieldsd+@pitt.edu (D.S.); (M.S.H.); (D.F.H.); (R.B.P.)
| | - Amitava Mukherjee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (A.E.); (M.W.E.); (A.M.); (R.F.); shieldsd+@pitt.edu (D.S.); (M.S.H.); (D.F.H.); (R.B.P.)
| | - Renee Fisher
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (A.E.); (M.W.E.); (A.M.); (R.F.); shieldsd+@pitt.edu (D.S.); (M.S.H.); (D.F.H.); (R.B.P.)
| | - Donna Shields
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (A.E.); (M.W.E.); (A.M.); (R.F.); shieldsd+@pitt.edu (D.S.); (M.S.H.); (D.F.H.); (R.B.P.)
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA;
| | - M. Saiful Huq
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (A.E.); (M.W.E.); (A.M.); (R.F.); shieldsd+@pitt.edu (D.S.); (M.S.H.); (D.F.H.); (R.B.P.)
| | - Diala Fatima Hamade
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (A.E.); (M.W.E.); (A.M.); (R.F.); shieldsd+@pitt.edu (D.S.); (M.S.H.); (D.F.H.); (R.B.P.)
| | - Anda M. Vlad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA;
| | - Lan Coffman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (L.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Ronald Buckanovich
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (L.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Jian Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (J.Y.); (B.J.L.)
| | - Brian J. Leibowitz
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (J.Y.); (B.J.L.)
| | | | - Ravi B. Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (A.E.); (M.W.E.); (A.M.); (R.F.); shieldsd+@pitt.edu (D.S.); (M.S.H.); (D.F.H.); (R.B.P.)
| | - Donna Stolz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (D.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Simon Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (D.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Asim Ejaz
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA;
| | - Joel S. Greenberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (A.E.); (M.W.E.); (A.M.); (R.F.); shieldsd+@pitt.edu (D.S.); (M.S.H.); (D.F.H.); (R.B.P.)
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