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Tribble CM, Alzate-Guarín F, Gándara E, Vartoumian A, Burleigh JG, Zenil-Ferguson R, Specht CD, Rothfels CJ. The rapid radiation of Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae: Liliales), driven by the rise of the Andes. Evolution 2024; 78:221-236. [PMID: 37831628 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpad184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Geological events such as mountain uplift affect how, when, and where species diversify, but measuring those effects is a longstanding challenge. Andean orogeny impacted the evolution of regional biota by creating barriers to gene flow, opening new habitats, and changing local climate. Bomarea (Alstroemeriaceae) are tropical plants with (often) small, isolated ranges; in total, Bomarea species occur from central Mexico to central Chile. This genus appears to have evolved rapidly and quite recently, and rapid radiations are often challenging to resolve with traditional phylogenetic inference. In this study, we apply phylogenomics-with hundreds of loci, gene-tree-based data curation, and a multispecies-coalescent approach-to infer the phylogeny of Bomarea. We use this phylogeny to untangle the potential drivers of diversification and biogeographic history. In particular, we test if Andean orogeny contributed to the diversification of Bomarea. We find that Bomarea originated in the central Andes during the mid-Miocene, then spread north, following the trajectory of mountain uplift. Furthermore, Andean lineages diversified faster than non-Andean relatives. Bomarea thus demonstrates that-at least in some cases-geological change rather than environmental stability has driven high species diversity in a tropical biodiversity hotspot. These results also demonstrate the utility (and danger) of genome-scale data for making macroevolutionary inferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie M Tribble
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Department of Integrative Biology and University Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Fernando Alzate-Guarín
- Grupo de Estudios Botánicos (GEOBOTA) and Herbario Universidad de Antioquia (HUA), Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Etelvina Gándara
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Araz Vartoumian
- School of Life Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
- Department of Oral Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Chelsea D Specht
- Section of Plant Biology and the L.H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Carl J Rothfels
- Department of Integrative Biology and University Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Intermountain Herbarium, Department of Biology, and Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
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Snchez P, Camargo A. The ampliatus species group of Ommatius Wiedemann, 1821 (Diptera, Asilidae, Ommatiinae) in Peru with the description of four new species. Zootaxa 2023; 5352:501-520. [PMID: 38221432 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.4.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
In this work, four new species of Ommatius are described from Peru; Ommatius amaru sp. nov. from Cuzco, Ommatius kuntur sp. nov. from Ayacucho and Cuzco, Ommatius uturuncu sp. nov. from Ayacucho and Pasco, and Ommatius yanantin sp. nov. from Cajamarca. All belong to the ampliatus species group, which is part of the holosericeus complex. Illustrations of external morphology, as well as dissected terminalia, are provided. A taxonomic discussion is given for all new species. A distribution map for the Peruvian species in the ampliatus group and an updated key to all species in this group are also given. The new species are named as a tribute to the Andean cosmovision which is based on thousands of years of pre-Columbian culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pvel Snchez
- Departamento de Entomologa; Museo de Historia Natural; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Av. Arenales 1256; Lima-11; Per.
| | - Alexssandro Camargo
- Natural History Museum Vienna; 2nd Zoological Department. Burgring 7; 1010 Vienna; Austria.
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Gopal A, Bharti DK, Page N, Dexter KG, Krishnamani R, Kumar A, Joshi J. Range restricted old and young lineages show the southern Western Ghats to be both a museum and a cradle of diversity for woody plants. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20222513. [PMID: 37122248 PMCID: PMC10130714 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Western Ghats (WG) mountain chain is a global biodiversity hotspot with high diversity and endemicity of woody plants. The latitudinal breadth of the WG offers an opportunity to determine the evolutionary drivers of latitudinal diversity patterns. We examined the spatial patterns of evolutionary diversity using complementary phylogenetic diversity and endemism measures. To examine if different regions of the WG serve as a museum or cradle of evolutionary diversity, we examined the distribution of 470 species based on distribution modelling and occurrence locations across the entire region. In accordance with the expectation, we found that the southern WG is both a museum and cradle of woody plant evolutionary diversity, as a higher proportion of both old and young evolutionary lineages are restricted to the southern WG. The diversity gradient is likely driven by high geo-climatic stability in the south and phylogenetic niche conservatism for moist and aseasonal sites. This is corroborated by persistent lineage nestedness at almost all evolutionary depths (10-135 million years), and a strong correlation of evolutionary diversity with drought seasonality, precipitation and topographic heterogeneity. Our results highlight the global value of the WG, demonstrating, in particular, the importance of protecting the southern WG-an engine of plant diversification and persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gopal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - D K Bharti
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Kyle G Dexter
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Tropical Diversity Section, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Ajith Kumar
- Centre for Wildlife Studies, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jahnavi Joshi
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Das AA, Ratnam J. The thermal niche and phylogenetic assembly of evergreen tree metacommunities in a mid-to-upper tropical montane zone. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220038. [PMID: 35765839 PMCID: PMC9240684 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Frost and freezing temperatures have posed an obstacle to tropical woody evergreen plants over evolutionary time scales. Thus, along tropical elevation gradients, frost may influence woody plant community structure by filtering out lowland tropical clades and allowing extra-tropical lineages to establish at higher elevations. Here we assess the extent to which frost and freezing temperatures influence the taxonomic and phylogenetic structure of naturally patchy evergreen forests (locally known as shola) along a mid-upper montane elevation gradient in the Western Ghats, India. Specifically, we examine the role of large-scale macroclimate and factors affecting local microclimates, including shola patch size and distance from shola edge, in driving shola metacommunity structure. We find that the shola metacommunity shows phylogenetic overdispersion with elevation, with greater representation of extra-tropical lineages above 2000 m, and marked turnover in taxonomic composition of shola woody communities near the frost-affected forest edge above 2000 m, from those below 2000 m. Both minimum winter temperature and patch size were equally important in determining metacommunity structure, with plots inside very large sholas dominated by older tropical lineages, with many endemics. Phylogenetic overdispersion in the upper montane shola metacommunity thus resulted from tropical lineages persisting in the interiors of large closed frost-free sholas, where their regeneration niche has been preserved over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati Abin Das
- Wildlife Biology and Conservation Program, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bellary Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
| | - Jayashree Ratnam
- Wildlife Biology and Conservation Program, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bellary Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
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