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Zhou S, Qiu M, Wang K, Li J, Li Y, Han Y. Triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and major adverse cardiovascular events in ACS patients undergoing PCI. Sci Rep 2024; 14:31752. [PMID: 39738155 PMCID: PMC11686250 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-82064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/01/2025] Open
Abstract
The triglyceride to high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio has been consistently linked with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Nevertheless, there is a paucity of studies focusing on acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or experiencing bleeding events. The study encompassed 17,643 ACS participants who underwent PCI. Survival analysis, Cox regression analysis and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were employed to assess the associations between TG/HDL-C ratio and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause death, cardiac death and all-cause bleeding events. Over a 12-month follow-up period, 638 (3.9%) patients experienced MACE while 2837 (16.1%) patients experienced bleeding events. The TG/HDL-C ratio exhibited significant positive correlations with the incidence of MACE, all-cause death and cardiac death; conversely it displayed significant negative correlations with the incidence of all-cause bleeding. Patients in the high quartile TG/HDL-C category demonstrated significantly higher risks for MACE compared to those in the low quartile category, with hazard ratio (HR) [95%confidence interval (CI)] of 1.46 (1.17-1.83); conversely, they showed significantly lower risks for all-cause bleeding compared to their counterparts in the low quartile group, with HR (95%CI) of 0.72 (0.65-0.81). The structure of subgroup analyses remained robust and consistent, with gender being the sole factor interacting with TG/HDL-C specifically in relation to MACE events (P for interaction = 0.037). A higher baseline TG/HDL-C ratio was associated with an elevated risk of MACE but a reduced risk of bleeding events in ACS patients undergoing PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangxun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110016, China
- The Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miaohan Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yaling Han
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, 110016, China.
- The Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Chen Y, Yang Z, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhong Z, McDowell G, Ditchfield C, Guo T, Yang M, Zhang R, Huang B, Gue Y, Lip GYH. Exploring the prognostic impact of triglyceride-glucose index in critically ill patients with first-ever stroke: insights from traditional methods and machine learning-based mortality prediction. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:443. [PMID: 39695656 PMCID: PMC11658255 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02538-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 12/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence and mortality of first-ever strokes have risen sharply, especially in the intensive care unit (ICU). Emerging surrogate for insulin resistance, triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), has been linked to stroke prognosis. We aims to explore the relationships between TyG with ICU all-cause mortality and other prognosis, and to develop machine learning (ML) models in predicting ICU all-cause mortality in the first-ever strokes. METHODS We included first-ever stroke patients from the eICU Collaborative Research Database in 2014-2015 as the primary analysis cohort (then divided into training and internal validation cohorts) and from local hospital's ICUs as the external validation cohort. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to evaluate the association between TyG and ICU/hospital all-cause mortality. Linear regression and correlation analyses were performed to examine the relationships between TyG with length of ICU/hospital stay and Glasgow Coma Score. RESULTS The primary analysis cohort included 3173 first-ever strokes (median age 68.0 [55.0-68.0] years; 63.0% male), while the external validation cohort included 201 first-ever strokes (median age 71.0 [63.0-77.0] years; 62.3% male). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models revealed that the high TyG group (TyG ≥ 9.265) was associated with higher ICU (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.38-2.66) and hospital (HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.32-2.16) all-cause mortality, compared with low TyG group (TyG < 9.265). TyG was also correlated with ICU length of stay (r = 0.077), hospital length of stay (r = 0.042), and Glasgow Coma Score (r = -0.132). TyG and other six features were used to construct ML models. The random forest model performed best in internal validation with AUC (0.900) and G-mean (0.443), and in external validation with AUC (0.776) and G-mean (0.399). CONCLUSION TyG (optimal cut-off: 9.265) was identified as an independent risk factor for ICU and hospital all-cause mortality in first-ever strokes. The ML model incorporating TyG demonstrated strong predictive performance. This emphasises the importance of insulin resistance (with TyG as a surrogate measure) in the prognostic assessment and early risk stratification of first-time stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Zhenkun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjie Li
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziyi Zhong
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
- Department of Musculoskeletal Ageing and Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Garry McDowell
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Coleen Ditchfield
- Department of Medicine for Older People, Whiston Hospital, Mersey and West Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Prescot, UK
| | - Taipu Guo
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingjuan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping District, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology and Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bi Huang
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Gue
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Centre for Health Services Research, Aalborg University, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Wang Z, He H, Xie Y, Li J, Luo F, Sun Z, Zheng S, Yang F, Li X, Chen X, Chen Y, Sun Y. Non-insulin-based insulin resistance indexes in predicting atrial fibrillation recurrence following ablation: a retrospective study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:87. [PMID: 38419016 PMCID: PMC10902970 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02158-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) is involved in the pathophysiological processes of arrhythmias. Increasing evidence suggests triglyceride and glucose (TyG) index, metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI), and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio are simple and reliable surrogates for IR. Although they have been associated with atrial fibrillation (AF), evidence supporting this is limited. Here, this is the first study to investigate the association between TyG-BMI index and AF recurrence following radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). The performance of the four non-insulin-based IR indexes in predicting AF recurrence after ablation was explored. METHODS A total of 2242 AF patients who underwent a de novo RFCA between June 2018 to January 2022 at two hospitals in China were included in this retrospective study. The predictive values of IR indexes for AF recurrence after ablation were assessed. RESULTS During 1-year follow-up, 31.7% of patients experienced AF recurrence. The multivariable analysis revealed that TyG index, METS-IR, and TyG-BMI index were independent risk factors for AF recurrence. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a connection between METS-IR, TyG-BMI index, and AF recurrence (P < 0.001). Furthermore, incorporating the METS-IR or TyG-BMI index to the basic risk model with fully adjusted factors considerably enhanced the forecast of AF recurrence, as demonstrated by the C-statistic, continuous net reclassification improvement, and integrated discrimination improvement. CONCLUSIONS TyG index, METS-IR, and TyG-BMI index were independently associated with AF recurrence following ablation. Among the four non-insulin-based IR indexes, TyG-BMI had the highest predictive value, followed by METS-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Haoming He
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yingying Xie
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jiaju Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangyuan Luo
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhaowei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Furong Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexi Li
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingwei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yihong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No.2 East Yinghua Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Li J, Shen D, Zhou Y, Jin Y, Jin L, Ye X, Tong L, Gao F. Underlying microangiopathy and functional outcome of simultaneous multiple intracerebral hemorrhage. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1000573. [PMID: 36425320 PMCID: PMC9679501 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify the predominant type of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) and outcomes in patients with simultaneous multiple intracerebral hemorrhages (SMICH). Methods Consecutive patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) from a single-center prospective cohort were retrospectively reviewed. Presumed etiology was classified according to the SMASH-U criteria. Demographics, clinical and laboratory variables, and neuroimaging data were compared between patients with primary SMICH and those with single ICH. Functional outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin scale 90 days after ICH. Results Of the 598 enrolled patients, 37 (6.2%) met the criteria for SMICH. Risk factors for SMICH included a high burden of deep cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) (odds ratio [OR] 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00–1.12; p = 0.040), white matter hyperintensity scores (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04–1.57; p = 0.021), history of ICH (OR 3.38, 95% CI 1.31–8.05; p = 0.008), and low serum magnesium levels (OR 0.01, 95% CI 0.00–0.25; p = 0.007). Based on the SMASH-U classification, 15(40.5%) SMICH were classified as hypertension, whereas 17 (45.9%) as undetermined-etiology. To further explore the potential microangiopathy underlying undetermined-SMICH, these patients with undetermined-etiology were compared to those with cerebral amyloid angiopathy-ICH, and were associated with a higher burden of deep CMBs but less severe centrum semiovale enlarged perivascular spaces. Likewise, compared with hypertension-ICH patients, those with undetermined SMICH were consistently associated with a higher deep CMB counts. Moreover, multivariate analysis revealed that SMICH was independently associated with poor outcomes (OR 2.23, 95%CI 1.03–4.76; p = 0.038). Conclusion Our results suggest that most patients with primary SMICH harbor hypertensive-SVD as principal angiopathy. Patients with SMICH are at a high risk of poor outcomes. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT 04803292).
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Li L, Xu S, Lian Q. The mediating function of obesity on endocrine-disrupting chemicals and insulin resistance in children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2022; 35:1169-1176. [PMID: 36069769 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2022-0354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the association of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with insulin resistance (IR) in children as well as whether obesity played a mediation role between EDCs and IR. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the data of 878 subjects were included, and divided into the non-IR group (n=501) and IR group (n=377). The associations of EDC and IR, obesity, abdominal obesity were shown by restricted cubic spline (RCS). Univariate and multivariable logistic analysis were applied to explore the associations between EDCs and IR as well as EDCs and obesity, respectively. Bootstrap coefficient product was used to analyze the medication effect of obesity on EDCs and IR. RESULTS RCS showed that increase of benzophenone-3 (BP-3) level was associated with increased risk of IR, obesity and abdominal obesity. After adjusting for confounders, BP-3>100 ng/mL was a risk factor for IR (OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.11-1.81). In the adjusted model, we found BP-3>100 ng/mL was a risk factor for both obesity (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.13-2.04) and abdominal obesity (OR=1.68, 95%CI: 1.11-2.54). The indirect effect of obesity as a mediator on the relationship between BP-3 and IR was 0.038 (95%CI: 0.016-0.090) and the direct effect of obesity as a mediator on the relationship between BP-3 and IR was 0.077 (95%CI: 0.001-0.160). As for abdominal obesity, the indirect effect of it on the relationship between BP-3 and IR was 0.039 (95%CI: 0.007-0.070). CONCLUSIONS BP-3 level might be a risk factor for IR and obesity in children, and obesity was a mediator on the relationship between BP-3 and IR in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Institute of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Institute of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Qun Lian
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Institute of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
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