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Monnig MA, Treloar Padovano H, Monti PM. Alcohol-associated liver disease and behavioral and medical cofactors: unmet needs and opportunities. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1322460. [PMID: 38638470 PMCID: PMC11024463 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1322460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver disease is a leading cause of death in the US and is often preventable. Rising burden, cost, and fatality due to liver disease are driven by intensified alcohol use in the US population and the contributions of comorbid conditions. This mini-review focuses on the topic of liver health in the context of chronic, behavioral cofactors of disease, using research-based examples from the Brown University Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation (CADRE). Our aim is to illustrate the current challenges and opportunities in clinical research addressing liver health in the context of behavioral and medical comorbidity and to highlight next steps in this crucial area of public health research and clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mollie A. Monnig
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Hayley Treloar Padovano
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Peter M. Monti
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Center for Addiction and Disease Risk Exacerbation, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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Huang Y, Luo W, Yang Z, Lan T, Wei X, Wu H. Machine learning and experimental validation identified autophagy signature in hepatic fibrosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1337105. [PMID: 38481992 PMCID: PMC10933073 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1337105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The molecular mechanisms of hepatic fibrosis (HF), closely related to autophagy, remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate autophagy characteristics in HF. Methods Gene expression profiles (GSE6764, GSE49541 and GSE84044) were downloaded, normalized, and merged. Autophagy-related differentially expressed genes (ARDEGs) were determined using the limma R package and the Wilcoxon rank sum test and then analyzed by GO, KEGG, GSEA and GSVA. The infiltration of immune cells, molecular subtypes and immune types of healthy control (HC) and HF were analyzed. Machine learning was carried out with two methods, by which, core genes were obtained. Models of liver fibrosis in vivo and in vitro were constructed to verify the expression of core genes and corresponding immune cells. Results A total of 69 ARDEGs were identified. Series functional cluster analysis showed that ARDEGs were significantly enriched in autophagy and immunity. Activated CD4 T cells, CD56bright natural killer cells, CD56dim natural killer cells, eosinophils, macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils, and type 17 T helper (Th17) cells showed significant differences in infiltration between HC and HF groups. Among ARDEGs, three core genes were identified, that were ATG5, RB1CC1, and PARK2. Considerable changes in the infiltration of immune cells were observed at different expression levels of the three core genes, among which the expression of RB1CC1 was significantly associated with the infiltration of macrophage, Th17 cell, natural killer cell and CD56dim natural killer cell. In the mouse liver fibrosis experiment, ATG5, RB1CC1, and PARK2 were at higher levels in HF group than those in HC group. Compared with HC group, HF group showed low positive area in F4/80, IL-17 and CD56, indicating decreased expression of macrophage, Th17 cell, natural killer cell and CD56dim natural killer cell. Meanwhile, knocking down RB1CC1 was found to inhibit the activation of hepatic stellate cells and alleviate liver fibrosis. Conclusion ATG5, RB1CC1, and PARK2 are promising autophagy-related therapeutic biomarkers for HF. This is the first study to identify RB1CC1 in HF, which may promote the progression of liver fibrosis by regulating macrophage, Th17 cell, natural killer cell and CD56dim natural killer cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushen Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Liuzhou Workers Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Liuzhou Workers Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhijie Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Liuzhou Workers Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, Liuzhou Workers Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaomou Wei
- Department of Scientific Research, Liuzhou Workers Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongwen Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Liuzhou Workers Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
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Du Y, Li S, Wang X, Liu J, Gao Y, Lv W, Liu P, Huang H, Luan J, Zhang L. Meta-analysis of the association between toll-like receptor gene polymorphisms and hepatitis C virus infection. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1254805. [PMID: 37869679 PMCID: PMC10585147 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1254805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study is to investigate the association between toll-like receptor (TLR) 3/7 gene polymorphisms and the infection by hepatitis C virus (HCV). Methods PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and SinoMed were searched to identify studies focusing on the association between the TLR3 rs3775290 or the TLR7 rs179008 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the HCV infection. All the related articles were collected from the inception of each database to 15 January 2023. Our meta-analysis was conducted using the allelic model, the dominant model, and the recessive model. Outcomes were presented by odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). The heterogeneity across studies was assessed by the I2 test. A subgroup analysis was performed to explore the source of heterogeneity. Funnel plots were drawn to assess the risk of publication bias. Review Manager 5.4 was used for statistical analysis. Results Ten articles were finally included, among which six studies were analyzed for rs3775290 and five studies were analyzed for rs179008. Studies relating to rs3775290 included 801 patients and 1,045 controls, whereas studies relating to rs179008 included 924 patients and 784 controls. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there is no significant association between rs3775290 gene polymorphism and HCV infection (T vs. C: OR = 1.12, 95%CI 0.97-1.30; TT+CT vs. CC: OR = 1.20, 95%CI 0.73-1.96; TT vs. CT+CC: OR = 1.13, 95%CI 0.68-1.89). The recessive model showed that rs179008-T allele homozygotes had an 89% increased risk of infection by HCV compared with rs179008-A allele carriers (TT vs. AT+AA: OR = 1.89, 95%CI 1.13-3.16). The results of the subgroup analysis demonstrated that the characteristics of the control population may serve as an important source of heterogeneity. In the African populations, individuals with homozygous rs179008-T alleles had a higher risk of infection by HCV than rs179008-A allele carriers (OR = 2.14, 95%CI 1.18-3.87). We did not find that this difference existed in the European populations (OR = 1.24, 95%CI 0.43-3.56). Conclusion There is no significant association between rs3775290 single nucleotide polymorphism and the infection by HCV. Individuals with homozygous rs179008-T alleles have a higher risk of an infection by HCV than rs179008-A allele carriers, which is statistically significant in the African populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Du
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shumin Li
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jialu Liu
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Weimiao Lv
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Junwen Luan
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Leiliang Zhang
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences & Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Kaps L, Limeres MJ, Schneider P, Svensson M, Zeyn Y, Fraude S, Cacicedo ML, Galle PR, Gehring S, Bros M. Liver Cell Type-Specific Targeting by Nanoformulations for Therapeutic Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11869. [PMID: 37511628 PMCID: PMC10380755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes exert pivotal roles in metabolism, protein synthesis and detoxification. Non-parenchymal liver cells (NPCs), largely comprising macrophages, dendritic cells, hepatic stellate cells and liver sinusoidal cells (LSECs), serve to induce immunological tolerance. Therefore, the liver is an important target for therapeutic approaches, in case of both (inflammatory) metabolic diseases and immunological disorders. This review aims to summarize current preclinical nanodrug-based approaches for the treatment of liver disorders. So far, nano-vaccines that aim to induce hepatitis virus-specific immune responses and nanoformulated adjuvants to overcome the default tolerogenic state of liver NPCs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis have been tested. Moreover, liver cancer may be treated using nanodrugs which specifically target and kill tumor cells. Alternatively, nanodrugs may target and reprogram or deplete immunosuppressive cells of the tumor microenvironment, such as tumor-associated macrophages. Here, combination therapies have been demonstrated to yield synergistic effects. In the case of autoimmune hepatitis and other inflammatory liver diseases, anti-inflammatory agents can be encapsulated into nanoparticles to dampen inflammatory processes specifically in the liver. Finally, the tolerance-promoting activity especially of LSECs has been exploited to induce antigen-specific tolerance for the treatment of allergic and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Kaps
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - María José Limeres
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Paul Schneider
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Malin Svensson
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yanira Zeyn
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Silvia Fraude
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Maximiliano L Cacicedo
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter R Galle
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Gehring
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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Barmada A, Klein J, Ramaswamy A, Brodsky NN, Jaycox JR, Sheikha H, Jones KM, Habet V, Campbell M, Sumida TS, Kontorovich A, Bogunovic D, Oliveira CR, Steele J, Hall EK, Pena-Hernandez M, Monteiro V, Lucas C, Ring AM, Omer SB, Iwasaki A, Yildirim I, Lucas CL. Cytokinopathy with aberrant cytotoxic lymphocytes and profibrotic myeloid response in SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine-associated myocarditis. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadh3455. [PMID: 37146127 PMCID: PMC10468758 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adh3455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Rare immune-mediated cardiac tissue inflammation can occur after vaccination, including after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. However, the underlying immune cellular and molecular mechanisms driving this pathology remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated a cohort of patients who developed myocarditis and/or pericarditis with elevated troponin, B-type natriuretic peptide, and C-reactive protein levels as well as cardiac imaging abnormalities shortly after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Contrary to early hypotheses, patients did not demonstrate features of hypersensitivity myocarditis, nor did they have exaggerated SARS-CoV-2-specific or neutralizing antibody responses consistent with a hyperimmune humoral mechanism. We additionally found no evidence of cardiac-targeted autoantibodies. Instead, unbiased systematic immune serum profiling revealed elevations in circulating interleukins (IL-1β, IL-1RA, and IL-15), chemokines (CCL4, CXCL1, and CXCL10), and matrix metalloproteases (MMP1, MMP8, MMP9, and TIMP1). Subsequent deep immune profiling using single-cell RNA and repertoire sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells during acute disease revealed expansion of activated CXCR3+ cytotoxic T cells and NK cells, both phenotypically resembling cytokine-driven killer cells. In addition, patients displayed signatures of inflammatory and profibrotic CCR2+ CD163+ monocytes, coupled with elevated serum-soluble CD163, that may be linked to the late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac MRI, which can persist for months after vaccination. Together, our results demonstrate up-regulation in inflammatory cytokines and corresponding lymphocytes with tissue-damaging capabilities, suggesting a cytokine-dependent pathology, which may further be accompanied by myeloid cell-associated cardiac fibrosis. These findings likely rule out some previously proposed mechanisms of mRNA vaccine--associated myopericarditis and point to new ones with relevance to vaccine development and clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Barmada
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jon Klein
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Anjali Ramaswamy
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nina N. Brodsky
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jillian R. Jaycox
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hassan Sheikha
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kate M. Jones
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Victoria Habet
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Melissa Campbell
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Tomokazu S. Sumida
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Amy Kontorovich
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute; Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dusan Bogunovic
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute; Institute for Genomic Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity; Precision Immunology Institute; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute; Department of Pediatrics; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carlos R. Oliveira
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeremy Steele
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - E. Kevin Hall
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mario Pena-Hernandez
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Valter Monteiro
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carolina Lucas
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Aaron M. Ring
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Saad B. Omer
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Institute for Global Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Yale Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Inci Yildirim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Institute for Global Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carrie L. Lucas
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Kawanaka M, Nishino K, Kawada M, Ishii K, Tanikawa T, Katsumata R, Urata N, Nakamura J, Suehiro M, Haruma K, Kawamoto H. Soluble CD163 is a predictor of fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma development in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:143. [PMID: 37165352 PMCID: PMC10173513 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-02786-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. The serum level of soluble CD163 (sCD163), a macrophage activation marker, is associated with liver tissue changes; however, its prognostic value is unknown. Here, we determined the utility of sCD163 as a marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and prognostic marker for NAFLD. METHODS This retrospective study obtained data regarding serum sCD163 levels, liver histology, and background factors associated with NAFLD in 287 patients (men/women, 140/147; average age, 53 ± 14 years) with NAFLD who underwent liver biopsy. Repeated liver biopsies of 287 patients with NAFLD (5.0 ± 2.7 years) were compared regarding serum sCD163 levels and liver tissue changes (stage, grade, steatosis, and NAFLD activity score). RESULTS Serum sCD163 levels increased with the progression of liver fibrosis and inflammation (both P < 0.05) and were particularly helpful in distinguishing cases of Grade 4 fibrosis (P < 0.001). Levels of sCD163 significantly decreased in patients with NAFLD exhibiting alleviated fibrosis and inflammation (P < 0.05). We could also predict the development of HCC and associated mortality based on serum sCD163 levels at the time of NAFLD diagnosis. Serum sCD163 levels were higher in patients with HCC than in patients without HCC (1074 ± 379 ng/ml vs. 669 ± 261 ng/ml; P < 0.0001), and the same trend was observed for mortality. CONCLUSIONS The serum sCD163 level reflects the progression of fibrosis and inflammation in liver tissues, showing much promise as a noninvasive biomarker for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and NAFLD as well as a possible predictor of HCC development and patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Kawanaka
- Department of General Internal Medicine, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8505, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Ken Nishino
- Department of General Internal Medicine, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8505, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mayuko Kawada
- Department of General Internal Medicine, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8505, Okayama, Japan
| | - Katsunori Ishii
- Department of General Internal Medicine, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8505, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanikawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8505, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryo Katsumata
- Department of General Internal Medicine, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8505, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriyo Urata
- Department of General Internal Medicine, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8505, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Nakamura
- Department of General Internal Medicine, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8505, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Suehiro
- Department of General Internal Medicine, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8505, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ken Haruma
- Department of General Internal Medicine, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8505, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kawamoto
- Department of General Internal Medicine, General Medical Center, Kawasaki Medical School, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-ku, Okayama City, 700-8505, Okayama, Japan
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Bossen L, Lau TS, Nielsen MB, Nielsen MC, Andersen AH, Ott P, Becker S, Glerup H, Svenningsen L, Eivindson M, Kornerup L, Kjeldsen NB, Neumann A, Møller HJ, Jepsen P, Grønbæk H. The association between soluble CD163, disease severity, and ursodiol treatment in patients with primary biliary cholangitis. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:02009842-202304010-00017. [PMID: 36972379 PMCID: PMC10043550 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The macrophage activation marker soluble (s)CD163 is associated with disease severity and prognosis in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment attenuates fibrosis progression in PBC patients, but its effect on macrophage activation is unclear. We examined the effect of UDCA on macrophage activation, as determined by sCD163 levels. METHODS We included 2 cohorts of PBC patients; 1 cohort with prevalent PBC patients, and 1 cohort of incident PBC patients before start of UDCA treatment and with follow-up after 4 weeks and 6 months. We measured sCD163 and liver stiffness in both cohorts. Further, we measured sCD163 and TNF-α shedding in vitro in monocyte-derived macrophages after UDCA and lipopolysaccharide incubation. RESULTS We included 100 patients with prevalent PBC [93% women, median age 63 y (interquartile range: 51-70)] and 47 patients with incident PBC [77% women, median age 60 y (49-67)]. Prevalent PBC patients had a lower median sCD163 of 3.54 mg/L (2.77-4.72) than incident PBC patients with a median sCD163 of 4.33 mg/L (2.83-5.99) at inclusion. Patients with an incomplete response to UDCA and patients with cirrhosis had higher sCD163 than responders to UDCA and noncirrhosis patients. After 4 weeks and 6 months of UDCA treatment median sCD163 decreased by 4.6% and 9.0%, respectively. In in vitro experiments, UDCA attenuated shedding of TNF-α, but not sCD163, from monocyte-derived macrophages. CONCLUSION In PBC patients, sCD163 levels correlated with liver disease severity and treatment response to UDCA. Further, after 6 months of UDCA treatment, we observed a decrease in sCD163, which may be related to the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Bossen
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tobias Stemann Lau
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Peter Ott
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sabine Becker
- Diagnostic Centre, University Research Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Henning Glerup
- Diagnostic Centre, University Research Clinic for Innovative Patient Pathways, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Lise Svenningsen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Horsens Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark
| | - Martin Eivindson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Horsens Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark
| | - Linda Kornerup
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Internal Medicine, Herning Regional Hospital, Herning, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Neumann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Holger Jon Møller
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peter Jepsen
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Carvajal-Barriga EJ, Fields RD. Sulfated polysaccharides as multi target molecules to fight COVID 19 and comorbidities. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13797. [PMID: 36811015 PMCID: PMC9936785 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of research to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection exploits the adaptive immune system, but innate immunity, the first line of defense against pathogenic microbes, is equally important in understanding and controlling infectious diseases. Various cellular mechanisms provide physiochemical barriers to microbe infection in mucosal membranes and epithelia, with extracellular polysaccharides, particularly sulfated polysaccharides, being among the most widespread and potent extracellular and secreted molecules blocking and deactivating bacteria, fungi, and viruses. New research reveals that a range of polysaccharides effectively inhibits COV-2 infection of mammalian cells in culture. This review provides an overview of sulfated polysaccharides nomenclature, its significance as immunomodulators, antioxidants, antitumors, anticoagulants, antibacterial, and as potent antivirals. It summarizes current research on various interactions of sulfated polysaccharide with a range of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, and their application for potential treatments for COVID-19. These molecules interact with biochemical signaling in immune cell responses, by actions in oxidative reactions, cytokine signaling, receptor binding, and through antiviral and antibacterial toxicity. These properties provide the potential for the development of novel therapeutic treatments for SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious diseases from modified polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Javier Carvajal-Barriga
- Pontificia Universidad Católica Del Ecuador, Neotropical Center for the Biomass Research, Quito, Ecuador.,The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Children and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - R Douglas Fields
- The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Children and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Li L, Yao ZC, Parian A, Yang YH, Chao J, Yin J, Salimian KJ, Reddy SK, Zaheer A, Gearhart SL, Mao HQ, Selaru FM. A nanofiber-hydrogel composite improves tissue repair in a rat model of Crohn's disease perianal fistulas. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eade1067. [PMID: 36598982 PMCID: PMC9812382 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ade1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Perianal fistulas (PAFs) represent a severe complication of Crohn's disease (CD). Despite the advent of biologic and small-molecule therapeutics for luminal disease, PAFs in CD (CD-PAF) are relatively resistant to treatment, with less than 50% responding to any therapy. We report an injectable, biodegradable, mechanically fragmented nanofiber-hydrogel composite (mfNHC) loaded with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for the treatment of fistulas in a rat model of CD-PAF. The ADSC-loaded mfNHC results in a higher degree of healing when compared to surgical treatment of fistulas, which is a standard treatment. The volume of fistulas treated with mfNHC is decreased sixfold compared to the surgical treatment control. Molecular studies reveal that utilization of mfNHC reduced local inflammation and improved tissue regeneration. This study demonstrates that ADSC-loaded mfNHC is a promising therapy for CD-PAF, and warrants further studies to advance mfNHC toward clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhi-Cheng Yao
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alyssa Parian
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yueh-Hsun Yang
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Chao
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Public Health Studies, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jason Yin
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevan J. Salimian
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sashank K. Reddy
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Atif Zaheer
- Division of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan L. Gearhart
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Florin M. Selaru
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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10
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Schultheiß C, Willscher E, Paschold L, Gottschick C, Klee B, Bosurgi L, Dutzmann J, Sedding D, Frese T, Girndt M, Höll JI, Gekle M, Mikolajczyk R, Binder M. Liquid biomarkers of macrophage dysregulation and circulating spike protein illustrate the biological heterogeneity in patients with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28364. [PMID: 36458566 PMCID: PMC9878213 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) are long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection that can substantially impair the quality of life. Underlying mechanisms ranging from persistent viruses to innate and adaptive immune dysregulation have been discussed. Here, we profiled the plasma of 181 individuals from the cohort study for digital health research in Germany (DigiHero), including individuals after mild to moderate COVID-19 with or without PASC and uninfected controls. We focused on soluble factors related to monocyte/macrophage biology and on circulating SARS-CoV-2 spike (S1) protein as a potential biomarker for persistent viral reservoirs. At a median time of 8 months after infection, we found pronounced dysregulation in almost all tested soluble factors, including both pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines. These immunological perturbations were remarkably independent of ongoing PASC symptoms per se, but further correlation and regression analyses suggested PASC-specific patterns involving CCL2/MCP-1 and IL-8 that either correlated with sCD162, sCD206/MMR, IFN-α2, IL-17A and IL-33, or IL-18 and IL-23. None of the analyzed factors correlated with the detectability or levels of circulating S1, indicating that this represents an independent subset of patients with PASC. These data confirm prior evidence of immune dysregulation and persistence of viral protein in PASC and illustrate its biological heterogeneity that still awaits correlation with clinically defined PASC subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schultheiß
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/HematologyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Edith Willscher
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/HematologyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Lisa Paschold
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/HematologyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Cornelia Gottschick
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Center for Health SciencesMedical School of the Martin‐Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Bianca Klee
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Center for Health SciencesMedical School of the Martin‐Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Lidia Bosurgi
- I. Department of MedicineUniversity Medical Center Hamburg‐EppendorfHamburgGermany
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineHamburgGermany
| | - Jochen Dutzmann
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Mid‐German Heart Center, University HospitalMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Daniel Sedding
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Mid‐German Heart Center, University HospitalMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Thomas Frese
- Institute of General Practice and Family MedicineMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Matthias Girndt
- Department of Internal Medicine IIMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Jessica I. Höll
- Pediatric Hematology and OncologyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Michael Gekle
- Julius Bernstein‐Institute of Physiology, Faculty of MedicineMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Rafael Mikolajczyk
- Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Center for Health SciencesMedical School of the Martin‐Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Mascha Binder
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/HematologyMartin‐Luther‐University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
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11
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An XN, Wei ZN, Xie YY, Xu J, Shen Y, Ni LY, Shi H, Shen PY, Zhang W, Chen YX. CD206+CD68+ mono-macrophages and serum soluble CD206 level are increased in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated glomerulonephritis. BMC Immunol 2022; 23:55. [PMID: 36376784 PMCID: PMC9664714 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-022-00529-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) associated glomerulonephritis (AGN) is a group of autoimmune diseases and mono-macrophages are involved in its glomerular injuries. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of CD206+ mono-macrophages in AGN. Methods 27 AGN patients (14 active AGN, 13 remissive AGN) together with healthy controls (n = 9), disease controls (n = 6) and kidney function adjusted controls (n = 9) from Department of Nephrology, Ruijin hospital were recruited. Flow cytometry was used to study proportion of CD206+ cells in peripheral blood. Immunohistochemistry for CD206 staining was performed and CD206 expression was scored in different kidney regions. Serum soluble CD206 (sCD206) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We also generated murine myeloperoxidase (MPO) (muMPO) ANCA by immunizing Mpo−/− mice. Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from wild C57BL/6 mice and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) derived macrophages from healthy donors were treated with MPO ANCA with or without its inhibitor AZD5904 to investigate the effects of MPO-ANCA on CD206 expression. Results The proportion of peripheral CD206+CD68+ cells in active AGN patients were significantly higher than that in remissive patients (p < 0.001), healthy controls (p < 0.001) and kidney function adjusted controls (p < 0.001). Serum sCD206 level in active AGN patients was higher than that in healthy controls (p < 0.05) and remissive patients (p < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry showed CD206 was highly expressed in different kidney regions including fibrinoid necrosis or crescent formation, glomeruli, periglomerular and tubulointerstitial compartment in active AGN patients in comparison with disease controls. Further studies showed MPO ANCA could induce CD206 expression in BMDMs and PBMC derived macrophages and such effects could be reversed by its inhibitor AZD5904. Conclusion ANCA could induce CD206 expression on mono-macrophages and CD206+ mono-macrophages are activated in AGN. CD206 might be involved in the pathogenesis of AAV and may be a potential target for the disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12865-022-00529-w.
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12
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Chen F, Li J, Zhang W, Mao C, Wang Y, Qu Y, Tian S, Li F. Risk Factor Analysis of Hepatic Encephalopathy and the Establishment of Diagnostic Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3475325. [PMID: 35909486 PMCID: PMC9325620 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3475325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To identify laboratory diagnostic indicators of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), the present study established a HE diagnostic model to explore the diagnostic value of serum homocysteine, lactic acid, procalcitonin, and bile acid levels in HE identification. 371 patients with liver cirrhosis were selected as research objects, who were admitted to the Department of Hepatic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Minzu University from August 2019 to August 2020. The Spearman correlation results indicated that between lactic acid, procalcitonin, bile acid, serum homocysteine, and HE, the coefficients were -0.15, 0.41, 0.29, and -0.19, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were adopted for inpatient analysis to identify the influencing factors of HE occurrence, and the diagnosis of the HE identification model was subsequently constructed. The univariate logistic regression showed that risk of developing HE increased as bile acid level (P = 0.00434) and serum homocysteine (P = 0.058) increased. Multivariate logistic regression diagnostic model of bile acid level and serum homocysteine revealed that the AUC value of the area under the ROC curve was 0.7201, indicating that the diagnostic model produced a satisfactory evaluation effect. The model formula referred logistic (P) = -2.4544 + 0.0117 bile acid levels + 0.0198 serum homocysteine. In this study, the HE diagnostic model was established using logistic regression analysis, which could benefit patients in early HE differential diagnosis. Particularly, combined detection of serum homocysteine and bile acid levels was considered to be more significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Chen
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, China
| | - Caixia Mao
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, China
| | - Shuju Tian
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, China
| | - Fanhong Li
- Department of Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University for Nationalities, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, China
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13
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The performance of soluble CD163 as a non-invasive biomarker of liver damage in chronically HCV and HCV/HIV infected subjects. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270911. [PMID: 35797388 PMCID: PMC9262184 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation plays a key role in liver disease progression. Soluble CD163 (sCD163) is a specific macrophage activation biomarker useful for clinical estimating damage severity and predicting outcome in different liver conditions. sCD163 performance as a non-invasive marker of liver damage was evaluated in plasma samples at time of biopsy in 120 patients with different hepatic conditions (56 HCV, 20 HCV/HIV, 10 HBV and 34 MAFLD). sCD163 values were compared with those of healthy donors and analyzed related to histological damage. sCD163 together with other clinical parameters were used to create a logistical regression model to predict significant fibrosis. Only patients with viral hepatitis showed higher sCD163 values compared to the control group (HCV p<0.0001; HCV/HIV p<0.0001; HBV p = 0.0003), but no significant differences regarding fibrosis stages were observed. The proposed model predicts fibrosis severity using the logarithm sCD163 concentration, platelet count and age, it demonstrated to be a good marker for the HCV monoinfected group (AUROC 0.834) and an excellent one for the HCV/HIV co-infected group (AUROC 0.997). Moreover, the model displayed a diagnostic performance similar to FIB-4 in HCV cases and FIB-4 and APRI in HCV/HIV coinfected cases, and it even managed to correctly classify some cases that had been misclassified. The proposed model is able to determine, in a non-invasive way, the liver fibrosis stage of HCV and HCV/HIV patients, so after validation, it could be used in a complementary way in the clinical practice whenever APRI and FIB-4 failed to determine damage severity in HCV and HCV/HIV cases.
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14
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Increased Serum Levels of sCD206 Are Associated with Adverse Prognosis in Patients with HBV-Related Decompensated Cirrhosis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:7881478. [PMID: 35664435 PMCID: PMC9159836 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7881478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background HBV-associated decompensated cirrhosis (HBV-DeCi) is attracting considerable attention due to disease acceleration and substantial mortality. Macrophages regulate the fibrotic process in DeCi. Soluble CD206 (sCD206) is primarily expressed by macrophages. We aimed to investigate whether sCD206 predicts mortality in patients with HBV-DeCi. Materials and Methods A total of 382 patients were enrolled between February 2020 and February 2021 and divided into nonsurviving and surviving groups according to 28-day, 3-month, and 6-month outcomes. Cox regression analysis was performed to confirm the independent prognostic factors of HBV-DeCi, and Kaplan–Meier analysis was performed to draw survival curves of sCD206. The predictive value of sCD206 was assessed at three time points according to the AUROC. Results The serum sCD206 level was significantly higher in deceased patients than surviving patients. Multivariate analysis showed that the level of sCD206 was related to an increased risk of 28-day, 3-month, and 6-month mortality (HR = 3.914, P < 0.001; HR = 3.895, P < 0.001; and HR = 4.063, P < 0.001, respectively). Patients with higher sCD206 levels had a worse prognosis than those with lower sCD206 levels. The best separation between the decedents and survivors was obtained by using the sCD206 level (AUROC: 0.830, 0.802, and 0.784, respectively) at 28 days, 3 months, and 6 months. Conclusion The macrophage-related marker serum sCD206 was associated with mortality in HBV-DeCi patients. High levels of serum sCD206 indicated a poor prognosis in these patients. Serum sCD206 has great predictive value for short-term and midterm mortality compared with the Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores.
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15
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Muhammad AG, Hansen FO, Gantzel RH, Rex KF, Villadsen GE, Grønbæk H, Pedersen ML. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes in Greenland: a register-based cross-sectional study. Int J Circumpolar Health 2022; 81:2065755. [PMID: 35440282 PMCID: PMC9037206 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2022.2065755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide due to its close association to the metabolic syndrome of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity and insulin resistance. However, the prevalence and severity of NAFLD in Greenland remain unexplored. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of liver steatosis and fibrosis among Greenlanders and Danes with T2DM living in Greenland using biochemical surrogate markers. We included 1409 Greenlanders and 182 Danes with T2DM in this register-based cross-sectional study. Greenlanders had higher BMI and plasma lipid levels and lower HbA1c levels compared with Danes (p<0.05). Their median alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) levels were similar. However, more Greenlanders had elevated ALAT levels (20.5% vs. 11.5%, p<0.05). Greenlanders had lower FIB-4 scores than Danes, 0.91 (IQR: 0.66–1.27) vs. 0.97 (IQR: 0.78–1.34), without difference in FIB-4 score categories (p=0.27). The prevalence of advanced fibrosis was low in both populations (1.7–2.6%). In conclusion, Greenlanders with T2DM had better glycaemic control despite higher BMI and plasma lipids. A larger proportion of Greenlanders had elevated plasma ALAT levels, while FIB-4 scores were lower than Danes. These findings suggest that Greenlanders with T2DM may be less likely to develop liver complications than Danes with T2DM in Greenland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Ghassan Muhammad
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Frederik Orm Hansen
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Rasmus Hvidbjerg Gantzel
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Gerda Elisabeth Villadsen
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Lynge Pedersen
- Steno Diabetes Center Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland.,Greenland Center for Health Research, Institute of Health and Nature, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland
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16
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Chauvin P, Morzadec C, de Latour B, Llamas-Gutierrez F, Luque-Paz D, Jouneau S, Vernhet L. Soluble CD163 is produced by monocyte-derived and alveolar macrophages, and is not associated with the severity of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Innate Immun 2022; 28:138-151. [PMID: 35522300 PMCID: PMC9136464 DOI: 10.1177/17534259221097835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The soluble form of the membrane hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 (sCD163), released by shedding, is a strong marker for macrophage activation. Serum sCD163 levels rise in several acute inflammatory states and some fibrosing diseases. Monocyte-derived macrophages (MoDM) differentiated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-MoDM) contribute to the pathophysiology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), an irreversible and rapidly fatal interstitial lung disease. Since M-MoDM express high membrane CD163 levels, we thus postulated that sCD163 could be a relevant biomarker for macrophage activation in IPF. We found that M-MoDM constitutively released higher amounts of sCD163 (49.5 ± 24.5 ng/ml) than monocytes (0.45 ± 0.32 ng/ml) or MoDM differentiated with granulocyte macrophage-stimulating factor (2.24 ± 0.98 ng/ml). The basal production of sCD163 by M-MoDM was increased following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (123.4 ± 54.9 ng/ml) or ATP (168.9 ± 41.8 ng/ml). The sCD163 release was controlled by metalloproteases but not through ADAM17 activation. Moreover, CD163-positive macrophages and sCD163 were detected in pulmonary tissues and alveolar fluids of Caucasian patients with IPF, respectively. IPF alveolar macrophages constitutively secreted sCD163 amounts (67.6 ± 44.6 ng/µg RNA) which were significantly higher than those released by alveolar macrophages isolated from controls (19.2 ± 7.6 ng/µg RNA) or patients with other interstitial lung disease (31.5 ± 16.6 ng/µg RNA). However, the concentrations of sCD163 in blood serum collected from 155 patients with IPF did not correlate with the severity of their disease. In conclusion, our results show that M-MoDM constituted a pertinent model to study the regulation of sCD163 production. Yet, serum sCD163 values could not provide a prognostic biomarker for IPF in our cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Chauvin
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche
en santé, environnement et travail), Rennes, France
| | - Claudie Morzadec
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé,
environnement et travail), Rennes, France
| | - Bertrand de Latour
- Service de Chirurgie cardio-thoracique et vasculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire,
Rennes, France
| | | | - David Luque-Paz
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche
en santé, environnement et travail), Rennes, France
| | - Stéphane Jouneau
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche
en santé, environnement et travail), Rennes, France
- Service de Pneumologie, Centre de compétences pour les maladies
pulmonaires rares de Bretagne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire,
Rennes, France
| | - Laurent Vernhet
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé,
environnement et travail), Rennes, France
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17
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Specific diagnosis of lymph node micrometastasis in breast cancer by targeting activatable near-infrared fluorescence imaging. Biomaterials 2022; 282:121388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Moreira V, Leiguez E, Janovits PM, Maia-Marques R, Fernandes CM, Teixeira C. Inflammatory Effects of Bothrops Phospholipases A 2: Mechanisms Involved in Biosynthesis of Lipid Mediators and Lipid Accumulation. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13120868. [PMID: 34941706 PMCID: PMC8709003 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13120868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipases A2s (PLA2s) constitute one of the major protein groups present in the venoms of viperid and crotalid snakes. Snake venom PLA2s (svPLA2s) exhibit a remarkable functional diversity, as they have been described to induce a myriad of toxic effects. Local inflammation is an important characteristic of snakebite envenomation inflicted by viperid and crotalid species and diverse svPLA2s have been studied for their proinflammatory properties. Moreover, based on their molecular, structural, and functional properties, the viperid svPLA2s are classified into the group IIA secreted PLA2s, which encompasses mammalian inflammatory sPLA2s. Thus, research on svPLA2s has attained paramount importance for better understanding the role of this class of enzymes in snake envenomation and the participation of GIIA sPLA2s in pathophysiological conditions and for the development of new therapeutic agents. In this review, we highlight studies that have identified the inflammatory activities of svPLA2s, in particular, those from Bothrops genus snakes, which are major medically important snakes in Latin America, and we describe recent advances in our collective understanding of the mechanisms underlying their inflammatory effects. We also discuss studies that dissect the action of these venom enzymes in inflammatory cells focusing on molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators and lipid accumulation in immunocompetent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Moreira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04044-020, Brazil;
| | - Elbio Leiguez
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Priscila Motta Janovits
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Rodrigo Maia-Marques
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Cristina Maria Fernandes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Catarina Teixeira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil; (E.L.); (P.M.J.); (R.M.-M.); (C.M.F.)
- Correspondence:
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