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Dayang Najwa AB, Elexson N, Dalene L, Teng ST. Vibrio Species and Cyanobacteria: Understanding Their Association in Local Shrimp Farm Using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2024; 87:51. [PMID: 38488929 PMCID: PMC10943157 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-024-02356-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
In aquatic environments, Vibrio and cyanobacteria establish varying relationships influenced by environmental factors. To investigate their association, this study spanned 5 months at a local shrimp farm, covering the shrimp larvae stocking cycle until harvesting. A total of 32 samples were collected from pond A (n = 6), pond B (n = 6), effluent (n = 10), and influent (n = 10). Vibrio species and cyanobacteria density were observed, and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) assessed their correlation. CCA revealed a minor correlation (p = 0.847, 0.255, 0.288, and 0.304) between Vibrio and cyanobacteria in pond A, pond B, effluent, and influent water, respectively. Notably, Vibrio showed a stronger correlation with pH (6.14-7.64), while cyanobacteria correlated with pH, salinity (17.4-24 ppt), and temperature (30.8-31.5 °C), with salinity as the most influential factor. This suggests that factors beyond cyanobacteria influence Vibrio survival. Future research could explore species-specific relationships, regional dynamics, and multidimensional landscapes to better understand Vibrio-cyanobacteria connections. Managing water parameters may prove more efficient in controlling vibriosis in shrimp farms than targeting cyanobacterial populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awg Baki Dayang Najwa
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, University Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Nillian Elexson
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, University Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Lesen Dalene
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, University Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Sing Tung Teng
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, University Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
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2
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Berthold M, Albrecht M, Campbell DA, Omar NM. Draft genomes of 3 cyanobacteria strains and 17 co-habiting proteobacteria assembled from metagenomes. Microbiol Resour Announc 2023; 12:e0046023. [PMID: 37943043 PMCID: PMC10720521 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00460-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobium and Synechococcus are prominent, globally distributed cyanobacteria genera with ecological significance. Here, we report the genomes of the marine Synechococcus sp. CCMP836 and two strains of Cyanobium (CZS25K and CZS48M) along with the genomes of 17 co-occurring proteobacteria. These genomes will improve the strain-specific ecological positions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Naaman M. Omar
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, Canada
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3
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Berthold M, Schumann R, Reiff V, Wulff R, Schubert H. Mesopredator‐mediated trophic cascade can break persistent phytoplankton blooms in coastal waters. OIKOS 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Berthold
- Biological Station Zingst, Univ. of Rostock Zingst Germany
- Phytoplankton Ecophysiology, Mount Allison Univ. Sackville Canada
| | - Rhena Schumann
- Biological Station Zingst, Univ. of Rostock Zingst Germany
| | - Volker Reiff
- Biological Station Zingst, Univ. of Rostock Zingst Germany
| | - Rita Wulff
- Biological Station Zingst, Univ. of Rostock Zingst Germany
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4
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Duan L, Li JL, Yin LZ, Luo XQ, Ahmad M, Fang BZ, Li SH, Deng QQ, Wang P, Li WJ. Habitat-dependent prokaryotic microbial community, potential keystone species, and network complexity in a subtropical estuary. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113376. [PMID: 35561827 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbes (e.g., bacteria and archaea) are indispensable components for the key biological processes of estuarine ecosystems and three main habitats (sediment, particle, and water) are harboring diverse estuarine microbes. However, we still know little about how the microbial community structures, potential keystone species, and network properties change among these three habitats in estuarine ecosystems. In this study, we collected size-fractioned water and sediment samples from the Pearl River Estuary to reveal their microbial diversity, community structures, network properties, and potential keystone taxa. We found that the sediment microbial community was remarkably more diverse than particle-attached (PA) and free-living (FL) communities, whereas its ecological network was less complex in terms of node distance and connectivity. TOC was determined as the main driver of sediment community, while the PA and FL communities were predominantly shaped by NO2-, non-ionic ammonia (NH) and pH. Among the bulk water, there were no significant differences between PA and FL communities in diversity, community structure, and network complexity. However, the PA community was more susceptible to metal elements, suggesting their higher level of involvement in physiological metabolism. Potential keystone taxa among community networks were taxonomically divergent in three habitats. Specifically, Synechococcales (Cyanobacteria) and Actinomarinales (Actinobacteria) exclusively served as the module-hubs in FL network, while members from phylum Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the module-hubs and connectors in PA network. Potential keystone taxa in sediment network were more diverse and covered 9 phyla, including the only archaeal lineage Bathyarchaeia (Crenarchaeota). Overall, our study provided more detailed information about estuarine microbial communities in three habitats, especially the potential keystone species, which provided new perspectives on evaluating further effects of anthropogenic disturbances on estuarine microbes and facilitated the environment monitoring based on microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jia-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ling-Zi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Bao-Zhu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Shan-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qi-Qi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Pandeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Marine Geological Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; School of Ecology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China.
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5
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Renaudin M, Laforest-Lapointe I, Bellenger JP. Unraveling global and diazotrophic bacteriomes of boreal forest floor feather mosses and their environmental drivers at the ecosystem and at the plant scale in North America. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155761. [PMID: 35533858 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Feather mosses are abundant cryptogams of the boreal forest floor and shelter a broad diversity of bacteria who have important ecological functions (e.g., decomposition, nutrient cycling). In particular, nitrogen (N2-) fixation performed by feather moss-associated diazotrophs constitutes an important entry of nitrogen in the boreal forest ecosystem. However, the composition of the feather moss bacteriome and its environmental drivers are still unclear. Using cDNA amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA and nifH genes and cyanobacterial biomass quantification, we explored the active global and diazotrophic bacterial communities of two dominant feather moss species (i) at the ecosystem scale, along a 500-km climatic and nutrient deposition gradient in the North American boreal forest, and (ii) at the plant scale, along the moss shoot senescence gradient. We found that cyanobacteria were major actors of the feather moss bacteriome, accounting for 33% of global bacterial communities and 65% of diazotrophic communities, and that several cyanobacterial and methanotrophic genera were contributing to N2-fixation. Moreover, we showed that bacteria were occupying ecological niches along the moss shoot, with phototrophs being dominant in the apical part and methanotrophs being dominant in the basal part. Finally, climate (temperature, precipitation), environmental variables (moss species, month, tree density) and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, molybdenum, vanadium, iron) strongly shaped global and diazotrophic bacteriomes. In summary, this work presents evidence that the feather moss bacteriome plays crucial roles in supporting moss growth, health, and decomposition, as well as in the boreal forest carbon and nitrogen cycles. This study also highlights the substantial effects of climate and nutrients on the feather moss bacteriome, suggesting the importance of understanding the impacts of global change on moss-associated bacterial growth and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Renaudin
- Centre Sève, Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
| | | | - Jean-Philippe Bellenger
- Centre Sève, Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
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6
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Zufia JA, Legrand C, Farnelid H. Seasonal dynamics in picocyanobacterial abundance and clade composition at coastal and offshore stations in the Baltic Sea. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14330. [PMID: 35995823 PMCID: PMC9395346 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18454-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Picocyanobacteria (< 2 µm in diameter) are significant contributors to total phytoplankton biomass. Due to the high diversity within this group, their seasonal dynamics and relationship with environmental parameters, especially in brackish waters, are largely unknown. In this study, the abundance and community composition of phycoerythrin rich picocyanobacteria (PE-SYN) and phycocyanin rich picocyanobacteria (PC-SYN) were monitored at a coastal (K-station) and at an offshore station (LMO; ~ 10 km from land) in the Baltic Sea over three years (2018–2020). Cell abundances of picocyanobacteria correlated positively to temperature and negatively to nitrate (NO3) concentration. While PE-SYN abundance correlated to the presence of nitrogen fixers, PC-SYN abundance was linked to stratification/shallow waters. The picocyanobacterial targeted amplicon sequencing revealed an unprecedented diversity of 2169 picocyanobacterial amplicons sequence variants (ASVs). A unique assemblage of distinct picocyanobacterial clades across seasons was identified. Clade A/B dominated the picocyanobacterial community, except during summer when low NO3, high phosphate (PO4) concentrations and warm temperatures promoted S5.2 dominance. This study, providing multiyear data, links picocyanobacterial populations to environmental parameters. The difference in the response of the two functional groups and clades underscore the need for further high-resolution studies to understand their role in the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Alegria Zufia
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Catherine Legrand
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.,School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Hanna Farnelid
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems (EEMiS), Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
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7
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Coelho LF, Couceiro JF, Keller-Costa T, Valente SM, Ramalho TP, Carneiro J, Comte J, Blais MA, Vincent WF, Martins Z, Canário J, Costa R. Structural shifts in sea ice prokaryotic communities across a salinity gradient in the subarctic. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 827:154286. [PMID: 35247410 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Current knowledge of the processes that shape prokaryotic community assembly in sea ice across polar ecosystems is scarce. Here, we coupled culture-dependent (bacterial isolation on R2A medium) and culture-independent (high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing) approaches to provide the first comprehensive assessment of prokaryotic communities in the late winter ice and its underlying water along a natural salinity gradient in coastal Hudson Bay, an iconic cryo-environment that marks the ecological transition between Canadian Subarctic and Arctic biomes. We found that prokaryotic community assembly processes in the ice were less selective at low salinity since typical freshwater taxa such as Frankiales, Burkholderiales, and Chitinophagales dominated both the ice and its underlying water. In contrast, there were sharp shifts in community structure between the ice and underlying water samples at sites with higher salinity, with the orders Alteromonadales and Flavobacteriales dominating the ice, while the abovementioned freshwater taxa dominated the underlying water communities. Moreover, primary producers including Cyanobium (Cyanobacteria, Synechococcales) may play a role in shaping the ice communities and were accompanied by known Planctomycetes and Verrucomicrobiae taxa. Culture-dependent analyses showed that the ice contained pigment-producing psychrotolerant or psychrophilic bacteria from the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Bacteroidota, likely favored by the combination of low temperatures and the seasonal increase in sunlight. Our findings suggest that salinity, photosynthesis and dissolved organic matter are the main drivers of prokaryotic community structure in the late winter ice of coastal Hudson Bay, the ecosystem with the fastest sea ice loss rate in the Canadian North.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lígia Fonseca Coelho
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Joana Fernandes Couceiro
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tina Keller-Costa
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Martinez Valente
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Pereirinha Ramalho
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joana Carneiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jérôme Comte
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, G1K 9A9 Quebec City, QC, Canada; Centre for Northern Studies (CEN), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marie-Amélie Blais
- Centre for Northern Studies (CEN), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Département de biologie & Takuvik Joint International Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec City, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Warwick F Vincent
- Centre for Northern Studies (CEN), Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Département de biologie & Takuvik Joint International Laboratory, Université Laval, Quebec City, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Zita Martins
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Canário
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Costa
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; Department of Energy - Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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8
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Omar NM, Prášil O, McCain JSP, Campbell DA. Diffusional Interactions among Marine Phytoplankton and Bacterioplankton: Modelling H 2O 2 as a Case Study. Microorganisms 2022; 10:821. [PMID: 35456871 PMCID: PMC9030875 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine phytoplankton vary widely in size across taxa, and in cell suspension densities across habitats and growth states. Cell suspension density and total biovolume determine the bulk influence of a phytoplankton community upon its environment. Cell suspension density also determines the intercellular spacings separating phytoplankton cells from each other, or from co-occurring bacterioplankton. Intercellular spacing then determines the mean diffusion paths for exchanges of solutes among co-occurring cells. Marine phytoplankton and bacterioplankton both produce and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), to maintain intracellular ROS homeostasis to support their cellular processes, while limiting damaging reactions. Among ROS, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has relatively low reactivity, long intracellular and extracellular lifetimes, and readily crosses cell membranes. Our objective was to quantify how cells can influence other cells via diffusional interactions, using H2O2 as a case study. To visualize and constrain potentials for cell-to-cell exchanges of H2O2, we simulated the decrease of [H2O2] outwards from representative phytoplankton taxa maintaining internal [H2O2] above representative seawater [H2O2]. [H2O2] gradients outwards from static cell surfaces were dominated by volumetric dilution, with only a negligible influence from decay. The simulated [H2O2] fell to background [H2O2] within ~3.1 µm from a Prochlorococcus cell surface, but extended outwards 90 µm from a diatom cell surface. More rapid decays of other, less stable ROS, would lower these threshold distances. Bacterioplankton lowered simulated local [H2O2] below background only out to 1.2 µm from the surface of a static cell, even though bacterioplankton collectively act to influence seawater ROS. These small diffusional spheres around cells mean that direct cell-to-cell exchange of H2O2 is unlikely in oligotrophic habits with widely spaced, small cells; moderate in eutrophic habits with shorter cell-to-cell spacing; but extensive within phytoplankton colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naaman M. Omar
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L1G7, Canada;
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Center Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Novohradska 237, CZ 37981 Trebon, Czech Republic;
| | - J. Scott P. McCain
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA 02142, USA;
| | - Douglas A. Campbell
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L1G7, Canada;
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9
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MacKeigan PW, Garner RE, Monchamp MÈ, Walsh DA, Onana VE, Kraemer SA, Pick FR, Beisner BE, Agbeti MD, da Costa NB, Shapiro BJ, Gregory-Eaves I. Comparing microscopy and DNA metabarcoding techniques for identifying cyanobacteria assemblages across hundreds of lakes. HARMFUL ALGAE 2022; 113:102187. [PMID: 35287928 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2022.102187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Accurately identifying the species present in an ecosystem is vital to lake managers and successful bioassessment programs. This is particularly important when monitoring cyanobacteria, as numerous taxa produce toxins and can have major negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems. Increasingly, DNA-based techniques such as metabarcoding are being used for measuring aquatic biodiversity, as they could accelerate processing time, decrease costs and reduce some of the biases associated with traditional light microscopy. Despite the continuing use of traditional microscopy and the growing use of DNA metabarcoding to identify cyanobacteria assemblages, methodological comparisons between the two approaches have rarely been reported from a wide suite of lake types. Here, we compare planktonic cyanobacteria assemblages generated by inverted light microscopy and DNA metabarcoding from a 379-lake dataset spanning a longitudinal and trophic gradient. We found moderate levels of congruence between methods at the broadest taxonomic levels (i.e., Order, RV=0.40, p < 0.0001). This comparison revealed distinct cyanobacteria communities from lakes of different trophic states, with Microcystis, Aphanizomenon and Dolichospermum dominating with both methods in eutrophic and hypereutrophic sites. This finding supports the use of either method when monitoring eutrophication in lake surface waters. The biggest difference between the two methods was the detection of picocyanobacteria, which are typically underestimated by light microscopy. This reveals that the communities generated by each method currently are complementary as opposed to identical and promotes a combined-method strategy when monitoring a range of trophic systems. For example, microscopy can provide measures of cyanobacteria biomass, which are critical data in managing lakes. Going forward, we believe that molecular genetic methods will be increasingly adopted as reference databases are routinely updated with more representative sequences and will improve as cyanobacteria taxonomy is resolved with the increase in available genetic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul W MacKeigan
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada.
| | - Rebecca E Garner
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Ève Monchamp
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada
| | - David A Walsh
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vera E Onana
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Susanne A Kraemer
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frances R Pick
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Beatrix E Beisner
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Naíla Barbosa da Costa
- Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - B Jesse Shapiro
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Irene Gregory-Eaves
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Interuniversity Research Group in Limnology (GRIL), Quebec, Canada.
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10
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Fang G, Yu H, Sheng H, Chen C, Tang Y, Liang Z. Seasonal variations and co-occurrence networks of bacterial communities in the water and sediment of artificial habitat in Laoshan Bay, China. PeerJ 2022; 9:e12705. [PMID: 35036171 PMCID: PMC8740510 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine bacteria in the seawater and seafloor are essential parts of Earth’s biodiversity, as they are critical participants of the global energy flow and the material cycles. However, their spatial-temporal variations and potential interactions among varied biotopes in artificial habitat are poorly understood. In this study, we profiled the variations of bacterial communities among seasons and areas in the water and sediment of artificial reefs using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and analyzed the potential interaction patterns among microorganisms. Distinct bacterial community structures in the two biotopes were exhibited. The Shannon diversity and the richness of phyla in the sediment were higher, while the differences among the four seasons were more evident in the water samples. The seasonal variations of bacterial communities in the water were more distinct, while significant variations among four areas were only observed in the sediment. Correlation analysis revealed that nitrite and mud content were the most important factors influencing the abundant OTUs in the water and sediment, respectively. Potential interactions and keystone species were identified based on the three co-occurrence networks. Results showed that the correlations among bacterial communities in the sediment were lower than in the water. Besides, the abundance of the top five abundant species and five keystone species had different changing patterns among four seasons and four areas. These results enriched our understanding of the microbial structures, dynamics, and interactions of microbial communities in artificial habitats, which could provide new insights into planning, constructing and managing these special habitats in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjie Fang
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Haolin Yu
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Huaxiang Sheng
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanxi Chen
- College of ocean and earth sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yanli Tang
- Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenlin Liang
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong, China
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11
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Schallenberg LA, Pearman JK, Burns CW, Wood SA. Metabarcoding Reveals Lacustrine Picocyanobacteria Respond to Environmental Change Through Adaptive Community Structuring. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:757929. [PMID: 34867882 PMCID: PMC8633389 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.757929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Picocyanobacteria (Pcy) are important yet understudied components of lake foodwebs. While phylogenetic studies of isolated strains reveal a high diversity of freshwater genotypes, little is known about abiotic drivers associated with Pcy in different lakes. Due to methodological limitations, most previous studies assess potential drivers using total cell abundances as a response, with often conflicting and inconsistent results. In the present study, we explored how picocyanobacterial communities respond to environmental change using a combination of epifluorescence microscopy and community data determined using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. Temporal shifts in picocyanobacterial abundance, diversity and community dynamics were assessed in relation to potential environmental drivers in five contrasting lakes over 1year. Cell abundances alone were not consistently related to environmental variables across lakes. However, the addition of metabarcoding data revealed diverse picocyanobacterial communities that differed significantly between lakes, driven by environmental variables related to trophic state. Within each lake, communities were temporally dynamic and certain amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were strongly associated with specific environmental drivers. Rapid shifts in community structure and composition were often related to environmental changes, indicating that lacustrine Pcy can persist at high abundances through collective community adaptation. These results demonstrate that a combination of microscopy and metabarcoding enables an in-depth characterisation of picocyanobacterial communities and reveals strain-specific drivers. We recommend that future studies cease referring to picocyanobacterial as one functional group and take strain specific variability into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John K. Pearman
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Carolyn W. Burns
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Susanna A. Wood
- Coastal and Freshwater Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
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12
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Nwosu EC, Roeser P, Yang S, Pinkerneil S, Ganzert L, Dittmann E, Brauer A, Wagner D, Liebner S. Species-Level Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Cyanobacteria in a Hard-Water Temperate Lake in the Southern Baltics. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:761259. [PMID: 34777314 PMCID: PMC8586417 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.761259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are important primary producers in temperate freshwater ecosystems. However, studies on the seasonal and spatial distribution of cyanobacteria in deep lakes based on high-throughput DNA sequencing are still rare. In this study, we combined monthly water sampling and monitoring in 2019, amplicon sequence variants analysis (ASVs; a proxy for different species) and quantitative PCR targeting overall cyanobacteria abundance to describe the seasonal and spatial dynamics of cyanobacteria in the deep hard-water oligo-mesotrophic Lake Tiefer See, NE Germany. We observed significant seasonal variation in the cyanobacterial community composition (p < 0.05) in the epi- and metalimnion layers, but not in the hypolimnion. In winter-when the water column is mixed-picocyanobacteria (Synechococcus and Cyanobium) were dominant. With the onset of stratification in late spring, we observed potential niche specialization and coexistence among the cyanobacteria taxa driven mainly by light and nutrient dynamics. Specifically, ASVs assigned to picocyanobacteria and the genus Planktothrix were the main contributors to the formation of deep chlorophyll maxima along a light gradient. While Synechococcus and different Cyanobium ASVs were abundant in the epilimnion up to the base of the euphotic zone from spring to fall, Planktothrix mainly occurred in the metalimnetic layer below the euphotic zone where also overall cyanobacteria abundance was highest in summer. Our data revealed two potentially psychrotolerant (cold-adapted) Cyanobium species that appear to cope well under conditions of lower hypolimnetic water temperature and light as well as increasing sediment-released phosphate in the deeper waters in summer. The potential cold-adapted Cyanobium species were also dominant throughout the water column in fall and winter. Furthermore, Snowella and Microcystis-related ASVs were abundant in the water column during the onset of fall turnover. Altogether, these findings suggest previously unascertained and considerable spatiotemporal changes in the community of cyanobacteria on the species level especially within the genus Cyanobium in deep hard-water temperate lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebuka Canisius Nwosu
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Patricia Roeser
- Marine Geology Section, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research (IOW), Rostock, Germany
| | - Sizhong Yang
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sylvia Pinkerneil
- Section Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lars Ganzert
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Elke Dittmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Achim Brauer
- Section Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dirk Wagner
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Susanne Liebner
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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13
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Berthold M, Campbell DA. Restoration, conservation and phytoplankton hysteresis. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 9:coab062. [PMID: 34394942 PMCID: PMC8361504 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coab062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phytoplankton growth depends not only upon external factors that are not strongly altered by the presence of phytoplankton, such as temperature, but also upon factors that are strongly influenced by activity of phytoplankton, including photosynthetically active radiation, and the availability of the macronutrients carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and, for some, silicate. Since phytoplankton therefore modify, and to an extent create, their own habitats, established phytoplankton communities can show resistance and resilience to change, including managed changes in nutrient regimes. Phytoplankton blooms and community structures can be predicted from the overall biogeochemical setting and inputs, but restorations may be influenced by the physiological responses of established phytoplankton taxa to nutrient inputs, temperature, second-order changes in illumination and nutrient recycling. In this review we discuss the contributions of phytoplankton ecophysiology to biogeochemical hysteresis and possible effects on community composition in the face of management, conservation or remediation plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Berthold
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1C9, Canada
| | - Douglas A Campbell
- Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1C9, Canada
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14
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Depth profiles of protein-bound microcystin in Küçükçekmece Lagoon. Toxicon 2021; 198:156-163. [PMID: 33992691 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Microcystis is the most commonly found toxic cyanobacterial genus around the world and has a negative impact on the ecosystem. As a predominant producer of the potent hepatotoxin microcystin (MC), the genus causes outbreaks in freshwaters worldwide. Standard analytical methods that are used for the detection of microcystin variants can only measure the free form of microcystin in cells. Since microcystin was found as free and protein-bound forms in the cells, a significant proportion of microcystin is underestimated with analytical methods. The aim of the study was to measure protein-bound microcystins and determine the environmental factors that affect the binding of microcystin to proteins. Samples were taken at depths of surface, 1 m, 5 m, 10 m, 15 m, and 18 m in Küçükçekmece Lagoon to analyze depth profiles of two different microcystin forms from June to September 2012 at regular monthly intervals. Our findings suggest that the most important parameter affecting protein-bound microcystin at surface water is high light. Due to favorable environmental conditions such as temperature, light, and physicochemical parameters, the higher microcystin contents, both free and protein-bound MCs, were found in summer periods.
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15
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Berthold M, Paar M. Dynamics of primary productivity in relation to submerged vegetation of a shallow, eutrophic lagoon: A field and mesocosm study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247696. [PMID: 33956797 PMCID: PMC8101763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquatic ecosystems nowadays are under constant pressure, either from recent or historical events. In most systems with increased nutrient supply, submerged macrophytes got replaced by another stable state, dominated by phytoplankton as main primary producer. Yet, reducing the nutrient supply did not yield the aimed goal of restored habitats for submerged macrophytes in systems worldwide. The question arises, why submerged macrophytes do not re-colonize, and if they are actually competitive. Therefore, primary production assays were conducted in ex-situ bentho-pelagic mesocosms and compared to the actual ecosystem, a turbid brackish lagoon of the southern Baltic Sea. Mesocosm were either manipulated to be colonized by macrophytes, or stayed phytoplankton dominated. Oxygen evolution was monitored over a period of five months in 5 min (mesocosms) to 10 min (ecosystem) intervals. Surface and depth-integrated production was calculated to analyse seasonal and areal resolved production patterns. It was found that macrophyte mesocosms were more stable, when considering only surface O2 production. However, calculating depth-integrated production resulted in net-heterotrophy in both shallow mesocosms approaches and the actual ecosystem. This heterotrophy is likely mediated by sediment respiration and POC accumulation in mesocosms, and a low share of productive to respiring water column in the actual ecosystem. Therefore, it seems unlikely that macrophytes will re-settle, as constant net-heterotrophy may allow for high-nutrient turnover at sediment-water interfaces and within the water column, favouring phytoplankton. These results will assist decision makers in developing more effective restoration measures that can mitigate the negative effects of eutrophication on ecosystem function and services.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Paar
- Biological Station of Hiddensee, University of Greifswald, Kloster, Germany
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16
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Paerl RW, Venezia RE, Sanchez JJ, Paerl HW. Picophytoplankton dynamics in a large temperate estuary and impacts of extreme storm events. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22026. [PMID: 33328574 PMCID: PMC7744581 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79157-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Picophytoplankton (PicoP) are increasingly recognized as significant contributors to primary productivity and phytoplankton biomass in coastal and estuarine systems. Remarkably though, PicoP composition is unknown or not well-resolved in several large estuaries including the semi-lagoonal Neuse River Estuary (NRE), a tributary of the second largest estuary-system in the lower USA, the Pamlico-Albemarle Sound. The NRE is impacted by extreme weather events, including recent increases in precipitation and flooding associated with tropical cyclones. Here we examined the impacts of moderate to extreme (Hurricane Florence, September 2018) precipitation events on NRE PicoP abundances and composition using flow cytometry, over a 1.5 year period. Phycocyanin-rich Synechococcus-like cells were the most dominant PicoP, reaching ~ 106 cells mL-1, which highlights their importance as key primary producers in this relatively long residence-time estuary. Ephemeral "blooms" of picoeukaryotic phytoplankton (PEUK) during spring and after spikes in river flow were also detected, making PEUK periodically major contributors to PicoP biomass (up to ~ 80%). About half of the variation in PicoP abundance was explained by measured environmental variables. Temperature explained the most variation (24.5%). Change in total dissolved nitrogen concentration, an indication of increased river discharge, explained the second-most variation in PicoP abundance (15.9%). The short-term impacts of extreme river discharge from Hurricane Florence were particularly evident as PicoP biomass was reduced by ~ 100-fold for more than 2 weeks. We conclude that precipitation is a highly influential factor on estuarine PicoP biomass and composition, and show how 'wetter' future climate conditions will have ecosystem impacts down to the smallest of phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan W Paerl
- Department of Marine Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8208, USA.
| | - Rebecca E Venezia
- Department of Marine Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8208, USA
| | - Joel J Sanchez
- Department of Marine Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8208, USA
| | - Hans W Paerl
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina At Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, 28557, USA
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17
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18
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Mohapatra M, Behera P, Kim JY, Rastogi G. Seasonal and spatial dynamics of bacterioplankton communities in a brackish water coastal lagoon. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:134729. [PMID: 31838414 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems, one of the most productive ecosystems, are subjected to natural and anthropogenic stresses. Coastal bacterioplankton communities are highly dynamic due to spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the environmental parameters. We investigated the seasonal and spatial variation in bacterioplankton communities, their abundances and environmental drivers during one year period in Chilika, a brackish water coastal lagoon of India. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes of bacterioplankton communities showed that they were dominated by heterotrophs namely α-Proteobacteria SAR11 and their sub-clades (SAR11_Ib, Chesapeake-Delaware_Bay, Candidatus_Pelagibacter, and SAR11_Surface_1), actinobacterial lineages (hgcI, CL500-29, and Candidatus_Aquiluna), β-Proteobacteria MWH-UniP1, β-Proteobacteria OM43, and verrucomicrobial clade Spartobacteria 'LD29'. Synechococcus was the dominant member within autotrophic cyanobacterial community. Response ratio derived from comparisons of taxon-specific absolute abundances and indicator analyses showed that SAR11_Surface_1 sub-clade occupied high-salinity environment especially during summer and winter and emerged as a strong indicator for mesohaline-polyhaline salinity regime. In contrast, Spartobacteria 'LD29', Actinobacteria hgcI, and CL500-29 preferred low-salinity freshwater environment and were strong indicators for oligohaline-mesohaline regimes. Spatiotemporal patterns were governed by 'distance-decay' and 'similarity-time' relationships. Bacterioplankton communities were mostly determined by salinity, dissolved oxygen, phosphate, and pH which resulted 'species sorting' leading to biogeographical patterns in the bacterioplankton communities. Modeling analysis revealed the characteristic shift in the indicator bacterioplankton taxa along with estuarine salinity gradient. This study has provided baseline information on the bacterioplankton communities and their environmental drivers within an anthropogenically impacted cyclone prone coastal lagoon which would be useful in assessing the impact of multiple stressors on this vulnerable ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusmita Mohapatra
- Wetland Research and Training Centre, Chilika Development Authority, Balugaon, Odisha 752030, India; School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Pratiksha Behera
- Wetland Research and Training Centre, Chilika Development Authority, Balugaon, Odisha 752030, India
| | - Ji Yoon Kim
- Center for Climate Change Adaptation, National Institute of Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Gurdeep Rastogi
- Wetland Research and Training Centre, Chilika Development Authority, Balugaon, Odisha 752030, India.
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19
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Chaos theory discloses triggers and drivers of plankton dynamics in stable environment. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20351. [PMID: 31889119 PMCID: PMC6937249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56851-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the enticing discoveries of chaos in nature, triggers and drivers of this phenomenon remain a classical enigma which needs irrefutable empirical evidence. Here we analyze results of the yearlong replicated mesocosm experiment with multi-species plankton community that allowed revealing signs of chaos at different trophic levels in strictly controlled abiotic environment. In mesocosms without external stressors, we observed the “paradox of chaos” when biotic interactions (internal drivers) were acting as generators of internal abiotic triggers of complex plankton dynamics. Chaos was registered as episodes that vanished unpredictably or were substituted by complex behaviour of other candidates when longer time series were considered. Remarkably, episodes of chaos were detected even in the most abiotically stable conditions. We developed the Integral Chaos Indicator to validate the results of the Lyapunov exponent analysis. These findings are essential for modelling and forecasting behaviour of a variety of natural and other global systems.
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20
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Mania I, Gorra R, Colombo N, Freppaz M, Martin M, Anesio AM. Prokaryotic Diversity and Distribution in Different Habitats of an Alpine Rock Glacier-Pond System. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 78:70-84. [PMID: 30317429 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rock glaciers (RG) are assumed to influence the biogeochemistry of downstream ecosystems because of the high ratio of rock:water in those systems, but no studies have considered the effects of a RG inflow on the microbial ecology of sediments in a downstream pond. An alpine RG-pond system, located in the NW Italian Alps has been chosen as a model, and Bacteria and Archaea 16S rRNA genes abundance, distribution and diversity have been assessed by qPCR and Illumina sequencing, coupled with geochemical analyses on sediments collected along a distance gradient from the RG inflow. RG surface material and neighbouring soil have been included in the analysis to better elucidate relationships among different habitats.Our results showed that different habitats harboured different, well-separated microbial assemblages. Across the pond, the main variations in community composition (e.g. Thaumarchaeota and Cyanobacteria relative abundance) and porewater geochemistry (pH, DOC, TDN and NH4+) were not directly linked to RG proximity, but to differences in water depth. Some microbial markers potentially linked to the presence of meltwater inputs from the RG have been recognised, although the RG seems to have a greater influence on the pond microbial communities due to its contribution in terms of sedimentary material.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Mania
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Road, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK.
| | - R Gorra
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - N Colombo
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Turin, Via Valperga Caluso 35, 10125, Torino, Italy
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - M Freppaz
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - M Martin
- Department of Agriculture, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Largo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - A M Anesio
- Bristol Glaciology Centre, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, University Road, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Aarhus University, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
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21
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Berthold M, Karstens S, Buczko U, Schumann R. Potential export of soluble reactive phosphorus from a coastal wetland in a cold-temperate lagoon system: Buffer capacities of macrophytes and impact on phytoplankton. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 616-617:46-54. [PMID: 29107778 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The main pathways for phosphorus flux from land to sea are particle-associated (erosion) and dissolved runoff (rivers, groundwater, and agricultural drainage systems). These pathways can act as diffused sources for aquatic systems and support primary production, therefore, counteracting the efforts aimed at reducing phosphorus input from point sources such as sewage treatment plants. Phosphorus supports primary production in the water column and can elevate phytoplankton and macrophyte growth. Coastal wetlands with emerged (Phragmites australis) and submerged (Stuckenia pectinata and Chara sp.) macrophytes can affect phosphorus fluxes in the land-water transitional zone. The macrophytes have the potential to act as a buffer for phosphorus run-off. The aim of this study was to determine the phosphorus stocks in the transitional land-sea zone of a cold temperate lagoon at the southern Baltic Sea. Phosphorus in macrophytes, water samples, and phytoplankton growth were analyzed along a gradient moving away from the wetland. The phosphorus stocks in the above ground biomass of the Phragmites plants were the highest at the end of August and with more than 8000mgPm-2 in the interior zone of the wetland, threefold the amount of P in Phragmites plant tissue at the wetland fringe. The submerged macrophytes stored only 300mgPm-2, close to the wetland. Concentrations of soluble reactive phosphorus in the water column were higher in the zones of emerged macrophytes than in the zones of submerged macrophytes and decreased along the land-sea transect. Phytoplankton could grow proximal to the wetland during all seasons, but not further away. This study indicates that macrophytes can act as phosphorus sinks. However, short-term releases of phosphate within the Phragmites wetland have the potential to lead to phytoplankton growth. Phytoplankton can use these nutrient pulses either immediately or later, and support high biomass and turbidity within the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Berthold
- University of Rostock, Applied Ecology and Phycology, Biological Station Zingst, Mühlenstraße, 2718374 Zingst, Germany.
| | - S Karstens
- EUCC - Coastal Union Germany, Technologiezentrum Warnemünde, Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 3, 18119 Rostock, Germany; University of Rostock, Landscape Ecology and Site Evaluation, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - U Buczko
- University of Rostock, Landscape Ecology and Site Evaluation, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - R Schumann
- University of Rostock, Applied Ecology and Phycology, Biological Station Zingst, Mühlenstraße, 2718374 Zingst, Germany
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22
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Rippin M, Borchhardt N, Williams L, Colesie C, Jung P, Büdel B, Karsten U, Becker B. Genus richness of microalgae and Cyanobacteria in biological soil crusts from Svalbard and Livingston Island: morphological versus molecular approaches. Polar Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-018-2252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Berthold M, Karsten U, von Weber M, Bachor A, Schumann R. Phytoplankton can bypass nutrient reductions in eutrophic coastal water bodies. AMBIO 2018; 47:146-158. [PMID: 29164540 PMCID: PMC5722746 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-017-0980-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The EU-water framework directive aims at nutrient reductions, since anthropogenically induced eutrophication is a major threat for coastal waters. However, phytoplankton biomass in southern Baltic Sea coastal water bodies (CWB) remains high and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Therefore, a CWB data set was analysed regarding changes in phytoplankton biomass and nutrient concentration of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from 2000 to 2014. It was expected to find imbalances between produced phytoplankton biomass and total nutrient concentrations. Inner CWB were cyanobacteria-dominated and showed up to five times higher chlorophyll a-concentrations compared to outer CWB with similar total phosphorus-concentrations. Phytoplankton tended to be P-limited during spring and N-limited during summer. Phytoplankton biomass and nutrient concentrations were even higher during very humid years, which indicated a close coupling of the CWB with their catchment areas. This study suggests that re-mesotrophication efforts need to consider the importance of changed phytoplankton composition and nutrient availabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Berthold
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Applied Ecology and Phycology, Biological Station Zingst, University of Rostock, Mühlenstraße 27, 18374 Zingst, Germany
| | - Ulf Karsten
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Applied Ecology and Phycology, University of Rostock, Albert-Einsteinstraße 3, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Mario von Weber
- State Agency for Environment, Nature Conservation and Geology Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Goldberger Straße 12, 18273 Güstrow, Germany
| | | | - Rhena Schumann
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Applied Ecology and Phycology, Biological Station Zingst, University of Rostock, Mühlenstraße 27, 18374 Zingst, Germany
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Aigner S, Herburger K, Holzinger A, Karsten U. Epilithic Chamaesiphon (Synechococcales, Cyanobacteria) species in mountain streams of the Alps-interspecific differences in photo-physiological traits. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2017; 30:1125-1134. [PMID: 29755206 PMCID: PMC5928177 DOI: 10.1007/s10811-017-1328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Many alpine streams inhabit conspicuous epilithic biofilms on pebbles and rocks that are formed by members of the cyanobacterial genus Chamaesiphon (Synechococcales). In the Austrian Alps, some Chamaesiphon species can even overgrow up to 70% of the surface of river rocks, and hence they must play an important but still unstudied ecological role in the organic matter flux. Since photo-biological traits have not been investigated so far, photosynthetic features, pigments, and UV-sunscreen compounds were studied in three Chamaesiphon morphospecies (C. geitleri, C. polonicus, C. starmachii). These species form conspicuously differently colored spots on cobbles and boulders in the alpine streams. While C. polonicus typically forms red crusts on flat pebble conglomerate, C. geitleri and C. starmachii are characterized by dark brown and black biofilms in the field, respectively. Photosynthesis-irradiance (PE) curves indicate that all three Chamaesiphon species have different light requirements for photosynthesis, with C. starmachii and C. polonicus preferring high and low photon fluence rates, respectively, while C. geitleri takes a position in between. This low-light requirement of C. polonicus is also reflected in ca. ten-times lower chlorophyll a, zeaxanthin, and ß-carotene concentrations, as well as in a lack of the UV-sunscreen scytonemin. All Chamaesiphon morphospecies exhibit the mycosporine-like amino acid porphyra-334. The physiological and biochemical data indicate strong intraspecific differences in photosynthetic activity and pigment patterns, which explain well the distinct preferences of the three studied Chamaesiphon morphospecies for sun-exposed or shaded habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siegfried Aigner
- Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwarte Strasse 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Herburger
- Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwarte Strasse 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Holzinger
- Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwarte Strasse 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulf Karsten
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, D-18057 Rostock, Germany
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