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Zhang L, Li Y, Kuhn JH, Zhang K, Song Q, Liu F. Polyubiquitylated rice stripe virus NS3 translocates to the nucleus to promote cytosolic virus replication via miRNA-induced fibrillin 2 upregulation. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012112. [PMID: 38507423 PMCID: PMC10984529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Viruses are encapsidated mobile genetic elements that rely on host cells for replication. Several cytoplasmic RNA viruses synthesize proteins and/or RNAs that translocate to infected cell nuclei. However, the underlying mechanisms and role(s) of cytoplasmic-nuclear trafficking are unclear. We demonstrate that infection of small brown planthoppers with rice stripe virus (RSV), a negarnaviricot RNA virus, results in K63-linked polyubiquitylation of RSV's nonstructural protein 3 (NS3) at residue K127 by the RING ubiquitin ligase (E3) LsRING. In turn, ubiquitylation leads to NS3 trafficking from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, where NS3 regulates primary miRNA pri-miR-92 processing through manipulation of the microprocessor complex, resulting in accumulation of upregulated miRNA lst-miR-92. We show that lst-miR-92 regulates the expression of fibrillin 2, an extracellular matrix protein, thereby increasing RSV loads. Our results highlight the manipulation of intranuclear, cytoplasmic, and extracellular components by an RNA virus to promote its own replication in an insect vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- College of Plant Protection; Yángzhōu University; Yángzhōu, Jiāngsū Province; China
| | - Yao Li
- College of Plant Protection; Yángzhōu University; Yángzhōu, Jiāngsū Province; China
| | - Jens H. Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick; Frederick, Maryland; United States of America
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Plant Protection; Yángzhōu University; Yángzhōu, Jiāngsū Province; China
| | - Qisheng Song
- Division of Plant Science and Technology; College of Agriculture; Food and Natural Resources; University of Missouri; Columbia, Missouri; United States of America
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Plant Protection; Yángzhōu University; Yángzhōu, Jiāngsū Province; China
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2
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Fu Y, Zhang J, Cheng W, Cheng X, Lu L, Gui L, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Xu D. miR-124 mediates the expression of ccBax to regulate Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2)-induced apoptosis and viral replication. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023. [PMID: 37186311 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), the etiological agent of herpesvirus haematopoietic necrosis (HVHN) in carp and goldfish, has caused significant economic losses in the aquaculture industry. During viral infection, the host initiates a series of active or passive defences to regulate the process of virus infection. Apoptosis is a key component of active cellular defence, and members of the Bcl-2 family have been shown to play a critical role in the apoptotic process. However, the mechanism of action of the Bcl-2 family in inducing apoptosis during CyHV-2 infection remains unclear. In this study, we revealed the molecular mechanism of miRNA-mediated silver crucian carp BAX (ccBax) in CyHV-2-induced apoptosis for the first time and demonstrated that the overexpression of miR-124 suppressed ccBax expression and significantly down-regulated apoptosis in caudal fin cells of Carassius auratus gibelio (GiCF), while miR-124 inhibitors were the opposite. These studies indicated that miR-124 inhibits CyHV-2-induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of ccBax. Furthermore, the fact that transfection of miR-124 mimics promoted CyHV-2 replication, whereas miR-124 inhibitors inhibited CyHV-2 replication, indicated that miR-124 inhibited CyHV-2-induced apoptosis and contributed to viral replication. All these results suggested that miR-124 suppresses virus-induced apoptosis and promotes viral replication by targeting and regulating ccBax expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fu
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junzhe Zhang
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Cheng
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Cheng
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Lu
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lang Gui
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yousheng Jiang
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Xu
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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Wang L, Yang M, Luo S, Yang G, Lu X, Lu J, Chen J. Oral Vaccination of Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Expressing ORF132 Induces Protective Immunity against Cyprinid Herpesvirus-2. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010186. [PMID: 36680030 PMCID: PMC9861155 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) is the etiological agent of herpesviral hematopoietic necrosis (HVHN) disease, which causes serious economic losses in the crucian carp culture industry. In this study, by displaying ORF132 on the surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells (named EBY100/pYD1-ORF132), we evaluated the protective efficacy of oral administration against CyHV-2 infection. Intense innate and adaptive immune responses were evoked in both mucosal and systemic tissues after oral vaccination with EBY100/pYD1-ORF132. Importantly, oral vaccination provided significant protection for crucian carp post CyHV-2 infection, resulting in a relative percent survival (RPS) of 64%. In addition, oral administration suppressed the virus load and relieved histological damage in selected tissues. Our results indicated that surface-displayed ORF132 on S. cerevisiae could be used as potential oral vaccine against CyHV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Maoxia Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Sheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Guanjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xinjiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jianfei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (J.C.)
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Huo X, Yan Y, Chang J, Su J. Astragalus polysaccharide or β-glucan combined with inactivated vaccine markedly prevent CyHV-2 infection in Carassius auratus gibelio. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Combination of iron flocculation and qPCR for quantitative evaluation of virus-shedding intensity of goldfish Carassius auratus infected with cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in the water and the effect of sodium chlorite powder in blocking waterborne horizontal viral transmission. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Chen Q, Luo Y, Fu Y, Feng Z, Lu L, Jiang Y, Xu D. microRNA (miR-KT-635) encoded by Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 regulates the viral replication with targeting to the ORF23. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:631-639. [PMID: 35181893 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Herpesviruses have been reported to be able to encode and express functional viral microRNAs that target both viral and cellular transcripts. In our previous studies, we found a new miRNA miR-KT-635 encoded by Cyprinid herpesvirus 2, which is predicted to target viral genes and cellular genes involved in innate immune signalling pathway and apoptosis. However, the function and target gene of miR-KT-635 are not proved. In this study, the regulating target gene of miR-KT-635 was proved as the viral gene ORF23 directly, the target point sequence on gene was verified and miR-KT-635 was identified to regulate the expression of ORF23 protein. According to the bioinformatics analysis, the tRNA domain and ribosome domain in the protein sequence of ORF23 were found to share high homology with R2i and P53R2i, which are related to the ribonucleotide reductase small subunit in the host (transform NTP to dNTP). Within expectations, silencing of viral ORF23 or transfecting miR-KT-635 mimics in Carassius auratus gibelio caudal fin cell line (GiCF) could suppress viral propagation significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikang Chen
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Luo
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Fu
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zizhao Feng
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Lu
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yousheng Jiang
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Xu
- College of Fisheries and life science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Luo Y, Yu L, Feng Z, Chen Q, Lu L, Zhang Q, Xu D. Integrated analysis of viral miRNAs, mRNA and protein in the caudal fin cells of C. auratus gibelio with cyprinid herpesvirus 2 infection. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2021; 44:441-460. [PMID: 33577719 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), a member of the genus Cyprinivirus in the family Alloherpesviridae, has attracted worldwide attention because it causes severe disease and high mortality in crucian carp and goldfish. In this study, we focus on mRNA, protein and viral miRNA expression profiles in C. auratus gibelio caudal fin (GiCF) cells infected with CyHV-2, using high-throughput sequence techniques and TMT-labelled analyses. The results revealed that 156 virus genes were differentially expressed during the infection. Among these differentially expressed genes, 7 viral genes were significantly up-regulated and 28 were significantly down-regulated at 96 hpi (hours post-infection) vs 48 hpi. Besides, a total of 78 viral proteins, including a large number of membrane proteins and capsid proteins associated with the viral assembly, were successfully detected by using proteome analysis. Furthermore, a total of 225,143,474 raw reads were generated from cDNA library of CyHV-2-infected GiCF cells using high-throughput sequencing technology. Following annotation and secondary structure prediction, 10 viral miRNAs were found as significantly modulated in CyHV-2-infected GiCF cells (2 down-regulated and 8 up-regulated). Finally, the CyHV-2 genes (orf19, orf23, orf118, orf121, orf127) targeted by the viral miRNA CyHV-2-KT-635 identified in this study, were predicted and validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the regulation of CyHV-2-KT-635 on orf121 protein expression was verified by western blotting assay. Taken together, this study provides a valuable basis for further research on the expression of virus genes during CyHV-2 replication and the molecular mechanisms by which miRNA may regulate CyHV-2 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Yu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zizhao Feng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qikang Chen
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Xu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
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Lu JF, Jin TC, Zhou T, Lu XJ, Chen JP, Chen J. Identification and characterization of a tumor necrosis factor receptor like protein encoded by Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 116:103930. [PMID: 33212093 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Virus-encoded tumor necrosis factor receptors (vTNFRs) facilitate viral escape from the host immune response during viral propagation. Cyprinid Herpesvirus-2 (CyHV-2) is a double-stranded DNA virus of alloherpesviridae family that causes great economic losses in the aquaculture industry. The present study identified and characterized a novel TNFR homolog termed ORF4 in CyHV-2. ORF4 was identified as a secreted protein and a homolog of herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM). ORF4 localized to the cytoplasm in infected GiCF cells. ORF4 overexpression enhanced viral propagation, while downregulation of ORF4 via siRNA decreased viral propagation. ORF4 overexpression promoted GiCF proliferation, and its downregulation suppressed CyHV-2-induced apoptosis. GST-pulldown and LC-MS/MS assays identified 44 conditional binding proteins that interact with ORF4 protein, while the GST pulldown test did not support the idea that ORF4 interact with histone H3.3. Taken together, our results contribute to our understanding of the vTNFR function in alloherpesviridae pathogenesis and host immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Tian-Cheng Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xin-Jiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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