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Wang M, Liang H, Yan Y, Bian R, Huang W, Zhang X, Nie J. Distribution of HPV types among women with HPV-related diseases and exploration of lineages and variants of HPV 52 and 58 among HPV-infected patients in China: A systematic literature review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2343192. [PMID: 38745409 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2343192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
To summarize the distribution of types of human papillomavirus (HPV) associated with HPV-related diseases and investigate the potential causes of high prevalence of HPV 52 and 58 by summarizing the prevalence of lineages, sub-lineages, and mutations among Chinese women. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, and WanFang from January, 2012 to June, 2023 to identify all the eligible studies. We excluded patients who had received HPV vaccinations. Data were summarized in tables and cloud/rain maps. A total of 102 studies reporting HPV distribution and 15 studies reporting HPV52/HPV58 variants were extracted. Among Chinese women, the top five prevalent HPV types associated with cervical cancer (CC) were HPV16, 18, 58, 52, and 33. In patients with vaginal cancers and precancerous lesions, the most common HPV types were 16 and 52 followed by 58. For women with condyloma acuminatum (CA), the most common HPV types were 11 and 6. In Chinese women with HPV infection, lineage B was the most prominently identified for HPV52, and lineage A was the most common for HPV58. In addition to HPV types 16, which is prevalent worldwide, our findings revealed the unique high prevalence of HPV 52/58 among Chinese women with HPV-related diseases. HPV 52 variants were predominantly biased toward lineage B and sub-lineage B2, and HPV 58 variants were strongly biased toward lineage A and sub-lineage A1. Further investigations on the association between the high prevalent lineage and sub-lineage in HPV 52/58 and the risk of cancer risk are needed. Our findings underscore the importance of vaccination with the nine-valent HPV vaccine in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products and NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
| | - Haoyu Liang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products and NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yan
- Merck Research Laboratories (MRL) Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Bian
- Merck Research Laboratories (MRL) Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijin Huang
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products and NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
| | - Xingxing Zhang
- Merck Research Laboratories (MRL) Global Medical Affairs, MSD China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhui Nie
- Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-Transmitted Virus Vaccines, WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of Biologicals, State Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products and NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
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Temaj G, Chichiarelli S, Telkoparan-Akillilar P, Saha S, Nuhii N, Hadziselimovic R, Saso L. P53: A key player in diverse cellular processes including nuclear stress and ribosome biogenesis, highlighting potential therapeutic compounds. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116332. [PMID: 38830426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor proteins are key transcription factors involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, such as apoptosis, DNA repair, cell cycle, senescence, and metabolism. The tumor suppressor protein p53 responds to different type of stress signaling, such as hypoxia, DNA damage, nutrient deprivation, oncogene activation, by activating or repressing the expression of different genes that target processes mentioned earlier. p53 has the ability to modulate the activity of many other proteins and signaling pathway through protein-protein interaction, post-translational modifications, or non-coding RNAs. In many cancers the p53 is found to be mutated or inactivated, resulting in the loss of its tumor suppressor function and acquisition of new oncogenic properties. The tumor suppressor protein p53 also plays a role in the development of other metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver disease. In this review, we will summarize the current data and knowledge on the molecular mechanisms and the functions of p53 in different pathways and processes at the cellular level and discuss the its implications for human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gazmend Temaj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, College UBT, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo.
| | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 00185, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Nexhibe Nuhii
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Tetovo, 1200 Tetovo, Macedonia.
| | - Rifat Hadziselimovic
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Yongprayoon V, Wattanakul N, Khomate W, Apithanangsiri N, Kasitipradit T, Nantajit D, Tavassoli M. Targeting BRD4: Potential therapeutic strategy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 51:74. [PMID: 38606512 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
As a member of BET (bromodomain and extra-terminal) protein family, BRD4 (bromodomain‑containing protein 4) is a chromatin‑associated protein that interacts with acetylated histones and actively recruits regulatory proteins, leading to the modulation of gene expression and chromatin remodeling. The cellular and epigenetic functions of BRD4 implicate normal development, fibrosis and inflammation. BRD4 has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target as it is often overexpressed and plays a critical role in regulating gene expression programs that drive tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration and drug resistance. To address the roles of BRD4 in cancer, several drugs that specifically target BRD4 have been developed. Inhibition of BRD4 has shown promising results in preclinical models, with several BRD4 inhibitors undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of various cancers. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a heterogeneous group of cancers, remains a health challenge with a high incidence rate and poor prognosis. Conventional therapies for HNSCC often cause adverse effects to the patients. Targeting BRD4, therefore, represents a promising strategy to sensitize HNSCC to chemo‑ and radiotherapy allowing de‑intensification of the current therapeutic regime and subsequent reduced side effects. However, further studies are required to fully understand the underlying mechanisms of action of BRD4 in HNSCC in order to determine the optimal dosing and administration of BRD4‑targeted drugs for the treatment of patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Voraporn Yongprayoon
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Napasporn Wattanakul
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Winnada Khomate
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Nathakrit Apithanangsiri
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Tarathip Kasitipradit
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Danupon Nantajit
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Mahvash Tavassoli
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
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4
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Li X, Wang W, Wang J, Jiang M, He J, Tan S. Identification of HPV-E7 specific TCRs for tumor immunotherapy. Mol Immunol 2024; 171:56-65. [PMID: 38795685 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
The oncogenic protein E7 of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is constitutionally expressed in HPV-associated tumors and has the potential to be targeted in T cell receptor (TCR)-based immunotherapy. Adoptive transfer of TCR-engineered T (TCR-T) cells has shown promise as a therapeutic approach for HPV-induced tumors. This study aimed to identify HPV-E7 specific TCRs from HLA-A11:01 transgenic mice through single-cell sorting and sequencing facilitated by E789-97/HLA-A11:01 tetramer. Two dominant TCRs were identified, which exhibited specific binding to E789-97 presented in the context of HLA-A*11:01. TCR-T cells were prepared by infecting primary T cells with lentiviruses containing the TCR genes, and the two TCRs demonstrated substantial responsiveness and showed CD8+ dependent cytokine secretion characteristics. Further analyses of the cytokine profiles revealed that the two TCRs were capable of exerting polyfunctional responses upon specific stimulation. These findings suggest that the two TCRs represent promising candidates for the development of future therapeutic drugs targeting HPV-E7 in the context of HLA-A*11:01 for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Li
- Institute of Physical Science and Information, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenling Wang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juanhua He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuguang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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Norenhag J, Edfeldt G, Stålberg K, Garcia F, Hugerth LW, Engstrand L, Fransson E, Du J, Schuppe-Koistinen I, Olovsson M. Compositional and functional differences of the vaginal microbiota of women with and without cervical dysplasia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11183. [PMID: 38755259 PMCID: PMC11099171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61942-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the vaginal microbiota, including both species composition and functional pathways, have been associated with HPV infection and progression of dysplasia to cervical cancer. To further explore this, shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to taxonomically and functionally characterize the vaginal microbiota of women with and without cervical dysplasia. Women with histologically verified dysplasia (n = 177; low grade dysplasia (LSIL) n = 81, high-grade dysplasia (HSIL) n = 94, cancer n = 2) were compared with healthy controls recruited from the cervical screening programme (n = 177). Women with dysplasia had a higher vaginal microbial diversity, and higher abundances of Gardnerella vaginalis, Aerococcus christensenii, Peptoniphilus lacrimalis and Fannyhessea vaginae, while healthy controls had higher relative abundance of Lactobacillus crispatus. Genes involved in e.g. nucleotide biosynthesis and peptidoglycan biosynthesis were more abundant in women with dysplasia. Healthy controls showed higher abundance of genes important for e.g. amino acid biosynthesis, (especially L-lysine) and sugar degradation. These findings suggest that the microbiota may have a role in creating a pro-oncogenic environment in women with dysplasia. Its role and potential interactions with other components in the microenvironment deserve further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Norenhag
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Gabriella Edfeldt
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Stålberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fabricio Garcia
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luisa Warchavchik Hugerth
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Engstrand
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Fransson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ina Schuppe-Koistinen
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matts Olovsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Duan Y, Yang L, Wang W, Zhang P, Fu K, Li W, Yin R. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis (2000-2022) on the mapping of knowledge regarding immunotherapeutic treatments for advanced, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1351363. [PMID: 38799160 PMCID: PMC11116801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1351363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Despite extensive literature on therapeutic strategies for cervical cancer, a bibliometric analysis specifically focused on immunotherapy for advanced, recurrent, or metastatic (A/R/M) cervical malignancies remains unexplored. This study aims to address this gap by presenting a comprehensive overview that includes general characteristics, research focal points, the trajectory of evolution, and current emerging trends in this under-researched area. Methods A systematic search was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) to identify articles related to A/R/M cervical cancer published between 2000 and 2022. Citespace and VOS viewer were the primary tools used to identify research focal points, intriguing future patterns, and to evaluate contributions and co-occurrences among authors, institutions, countries, and journals. Results A total of 1,001 original articles were identified, involving 6,387 authors from 66 countries and 1,474 institutions, and published across 366 academic journals. The United States contributed most significantly. The most productive researcher was Van der Burg SH from Leiden University Medical Center. The International Journal of Cancer and Cancer Research were identified as the most productive and influential journals, respectively. Analysis of co-citation clusters highlighted 25 clusters, primarily focusing on potential predictive biomarkers, dendritic cell-based tumor vaccines, therapeutic HPV vaccinations, peptide-based cancer vaccines, tumor immune microenvironments, and adoptive cell transfer (ACT). The latest significant trends in A/R/M cervical cancer immunotherapy research included ACT, CAR-T, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as revealed by keyword and reference burst detection. Conclusion This pioneering study provides a detailed landscape of immunotherapy research in A/R/M cervical cancer. It underscores the importance of global collaboration, enriches our understanding of the immunology of A/R/M cervical cancer, expands on potential beneficiaries of immunotherapy, and explores clinical applications of various therapies, including therapeutic vaccines, adoptive cell transfer, and ICIs, particularly in combination with established treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqiong Duan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peixuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaiyu Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rutie Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Garg P, Krishna M, Subbalakshmi AR, Ramisetty S, Mohanty A, Kulkarni P, Horne D, Salgia R, Singhal SS. Emerging biomarkers and molecular targets for precision medicine in cervical cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189106. [PMID: 38701936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer remains a significant global health burden, necessitating innovative approaches for improved diagnostics and personalized treatment strategies. Precision medicine has emerged as a promising paradigm, leveraging biomarkers and molecular targets to tailor therapy to individual patients. This review explores the landscape of emerging biomarkers and molecular targets in cervical cancer, highlighting their potential implications for precision medicine. By integrating these biomarkers into comprehensive diagnostic algorithms, clinicians can identify high-risk patients at an earlier stage, enabling timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. Furthermore, the identification of specific molecular targets has paved the way for the development of targeted therapies aimed at disrupting key pathways implicated in cervical carcinogenesis. In conclusion, the evolving landscape of biomarkers and molecular targets presents exciting opportunities for advancing precision medicine in cervical cancer. By harnessing these insights, clinicians can optimize treatment selection, enhance patient outcomes, and ultimately transform the management of this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Garg
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Madhu Krishna
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ayalur Raghu Subbalakshmi
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sravani Ramisetty
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Atish Mohanty
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Prakash Kulkarni
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - David Horne
- Departments of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sharad S Singhal
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
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Zhou J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Ling F, Zheng J, Yao X, Lyu Z, Feng H, Li Y. Comprehensive analysis of a novel subtype of immune microenvironment-derived HPV-infected colorectal cancer. Microbes Infect 2024; 26:105315. [PMID: 38417673 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study proposed a novel subtype, Human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected colorectal cancer (CRC), to understand the impact of HPV on CRC. METHODS We assessed the prevalence and clinical implications of HPV in CRC by integrating a single cohort in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and public datasets. Differential gene, pathway enrichment, and immune infiltration analysis were conducted to explore the patterns in HPV-infected CRC. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, cell proliferation, scratch, and flow cytometry assays were employed to validate the impact of HPV on CRC. RESULTS The study revealed a high prevalence of HPV infection in CRC, with infection rates ranging from 10% to 31%. There was also a significant increase in tumor proliferation in HPV-infected CRC. The study showed increased immune cell infiltration, including T cells, γδ T cells, cytotoxic cells, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in HPV-infected CRC (P < 0.05). Furthermore, our findings confirmed that HPV infection promoted M1 polarization. Our results demonstrated that low ISM2 expression was associated with a less advanced clinical stage (P < 0.001) and better survival outcomes (P = 0.039). Low ISM2 expression correlated with a strong tumor immune response, potentially contributing to the improved survival observed in HPV-infected CRC. CONCLUSIONS These findings provided a novel subtype of HPV-infected CRC. The subtype with a better prognosis showed a "hot" tumor immune microenvironment that may be responsive to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yucheng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Fa Ling
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Jiabin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Xueqing Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Ganzhou Hospital (Ganzhou Municipal Hospital), Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Zejian Lyu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
| | - Huolun Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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9
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Fudulu A, Diaconu CC, Iancu IV, Plesa A, Albulescu A, Bostan M, Socolov DG, Stoian IL, Balan R, Anton G, Botezatu A. Exploring the Role of E6 and E7 Oncoproteins in Cervical Oncogenesis through MBD2/3-NuRD Complex Chromatin Remodeling. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:560. [PMID: 38790189 PMCID: PMC11121560 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is among the highest-ranking types of cancer worldwide, with human papillomavirus (HPV) as the agent driving the malignant process. One aspect of the infection's evolution is given by epigenetic modifications, mainly DNA methylation and chromatin alteration. These processes are guided by several chromatin remodeling complexes, including NuRD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the genome-wide binding patterns of the NuRD complex components (MBD2 and MBD3) in the presence of active HPV16 E6 and E7 oncogenes and to determine the potential of identified genes through an experimental model to differentiate between cervical precursor lesions, with the aim of establishing their utility as biomarkers. METHODS The experimental model was built using the CaSki cell line and shRNA for E6 and E7 HPV16 silencing, ChIP-seq, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analyses. Selected genes' expression was also assessed in patients. RESULTS Several genes have been identified to exhibit altered transcriptional activity due to the influence of HPV16 E6/E7 viral oncogenes acting through the MBD2/MBD3 NuRD complex, linking them to viral infection and cervical oncogenesis. CONCLUSIONS The impacted genes primarily play roles in governing gene transcription, mRNA processing, and regulation of translation. Understanding these mechanisms offers valuable insights into the process of HPV-induced oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Fudulu
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (A.F.); (I.V.I.); (A.P.); (A.A.); (M.B.); (G.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Carmen Cristina Diaconu
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (A.F.); (I.V.I.); (A.P.); (A.A.); (M.B.); (G.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Iulia Virginia Iancu
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (A.F.); (I.V.I.); (A.P.); (A.A.); (M.B.); (G.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Adriana Plesa
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (A.F.); (I.V.I.); (A.P.); (A.A.); (M.B.); (G.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Adrian Albulescu
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (A.F.); (I.V.I.); (A.P.); (A.A.); (M.B.); (G.A.); (A.B.)
- Pharmacology Department, National Institute for Chemical Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 031299 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marinela Bostan
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (A.F.); (I.V.I.); (A.P.); (A.A.); (M.B.); (G.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Demetra Gabriela Socolov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.G.S.); (I.L.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Irina Liviana Stoian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.G.S.); (I.L.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Raluca Balan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.G.S.); (I.L.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Gabriela Anton
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (A.F.); (I.V.I.); (A.P.); (A.A.); (M.B.); (G.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Anca Botezatu
- Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (A.F.); (I.V.I.); (A.P.); (A.A.); (M.B.); (G.A.); (A.B.)
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10
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Jones KM, Bryan A, McCunn E, Lantz PE, Blalock H, Ojeda IC, Mehta K, Cosper PF. The Causes and Consequences of DNA Damage and Chromosomal Instability Induced by Human Papillomavirus. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1662. [PMID: 38730612 PMCID: PMC11083350 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the main cause of cervical, oropharyngeal, and anogenital cancers, which are all treated with definitive chemoradiation therapy when locally advanced. HPV proteins are known to exploit the host DNA damage response to enable viral replication and the epithelial differentiation protocol. This has far-reaching consequences for the host genome, as the DNA damage response is critical for the maintenance of genomic stability. HPV+ cells therefore have increased DNA damage, leading to widespread genomic instability, a hallmark of cancer, which can contribute to tumorigenesis. Following transformation, high-risk HPV oncoproteins induce chromosomal instability, or chromosome missegregation during mitosis, which is associated with a further increase in DNA damage, particularly due to micronuclei and double-strand break formation. Thus, HPV induces significant DNA damage and activation of the DNA damage response in multiple contexts, which likely affects radiation sensitivity and efficacy. Here, we review how HPV activates the DNA damage response, how it induces chromosome missegregation and micronuclei formation, and discuss how these factors may affect radiation response. Understanding how HPV affects the DNA damage response in the context of radiation therapy may help determine potential mechanisms to improve therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M. Jones
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Ava Bryan
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Emily McCunn
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Pate E. Lantz
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Hunter Blalock
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Isabel C. Ojeda
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kavi Mehta
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Pippa F. Cosper
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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11
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Tabatabaeian H, Bai Y, Huang R, Chaurasia A, Darido C. Navigating therapeutic strategies: HPV classification in head and neck cancer. Br J Cancer 2024:10.1038/s41416-024-02655-1. [PMID: 38643337 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02655-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organisation recognised human papillomavirus (HPV) as the cause of multiple cancers, including head and neck cancers. HPV is a double-stranded DNA virus, and its viral gene expression can be controlled after infection by cellular and viral promoters. In cancer cells, the HPV genome is detected as either integrated into the host genome, episomal (extrachromosomal), or a mixture of integrated and episomal. Viral integration requires the breakage of both viral and host DNA, and the integration rate correlates with the level of DNA damage. Interestingly, patients with HPV-positive head and neck cancers generally have a good prognosis except for a group of patients with fully integrated HPV who show worst clinical outcomes. Those patients present with lowered expression of viral genes and limited infiltration of cytotoxic T cells. An impediment to effective therapy applications in the clinic is the sole testing for HPV positivity without considering the HPV integration status. This review will discuss HPV integration as a potential determinant of response to therapies in head and neck cancers and highlight to the field a novel therapeutic avenue that would reduce the cancer burden and improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuchen Bai
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ruihong Huang
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Akhilanand Chaurasia
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Charbel Darido
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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12
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Guo N, Niu Z, Yan Z, Liu W, Shi L, Li C, Yao Y, Shi L. Immunoinformatics Design and In Vivo Immunogenicity Evaluation of a Conserved CTL Multi-Epitope Vaccine Targeting HPV16 E5, E6, and E7 Proteins. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:392. [PMID: 38675774 PMCID: PMC11053576 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12040392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) infection is responsible for more than 50% of global cervical cancer cases. The development of a vaccine based on cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes is a promising strategy for eliminating pre-existing HPV infections and treating patients with cervical cancer. In this study, an immunoinformatics approach was used to predict HLA-I-restricted CTL epitopes in HPV16 E5, E6, and E7 proteins, and a set of conserved CTL epitopes co-restricted by human/murine MHCs was screened and characterized, with the set containing three E5, four E6, and four E7 epitopes. Subsequently, the immunogenicity of the epitope combination was assessed in mice, and the anti-tumor effects of the multi-epitope peptide vaccine E5E6E7pep11 and the recombinant protein vaccine CTB-Epi11E567 were evaluated in the TC-1 mouse tumor model. The results demonstrated that mixed epitope peptides could induce antigen-specific IFN-γ secretion in mice. Prophylactic immunization with E5E6E7pep11 and CTB-Epi11E567 was found to provide 100% protection against tumor growth in mice. Moreover, both types of the multi-epitope vaccine significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged mouse survival. In conclusion, in this study, a multi-epitope vaccine targeting HPV16 E5, E6, and E7 proteins was successfully designed and evaluated, demonstrating potential immunogenicity and anti-tumor effects and providing a promising strategy for immunotherapy against HPV-associated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Guo
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; (N.G.); (Z.N.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Zhixin Niu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; (N.G.); (Z.N.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Zhiling Yan
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan & Yunnan Cancer Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650118, China;
| | - Weipeng Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; (N.G.); (Z.N.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China;
| | - Chuanyin Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; (N.G.); (Z.N.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China; (N.G.); (Z.N.); (W.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650118, China;
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13
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Dutta P, Pal D, Sultana F, Mandal RK, Roy A, Panda CK. Down-regulation of FA-BRCA Pathway in Cervical Carcinoma Gradually Reversed During the Development of Chemo-tolerance: Clinical Implications. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1122-1138. [PMID: 38012520 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01378-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death among females, worldwide. The contributory role of different cellular pathways in the process of carcinogenesis is still poorly understood. Our study was focused here to understand the functional evaluation of key regulatory genes of FA-BRCA pathway in the development of CACX and their role in chemo-tolerance of the disease by analyzing the molecular profile of the genes both in normal and tumour tissue of our sample pool, also validated in in silico datasets. Later on, prognostic importance of the genes was further evaluated in plasma DNA and cisplatin-treated in vitro system. We found that expression profile of FA-BRCA pathway genes was gradually reduced from undifferentiated basal-parabasal layers of normal tissue towards the progression of the disease. Further analysis revealed that frequent promoter methylation [32-55%] and deletion [34-52%] events were the plausible reasons for their reduced expression in CACX. Noticeably, invasion of promoter methylation of the genes [11-17%] in plasma CTCs of CACX patients was positively correlated [p < 0.001] with poor prognosis among patients. On the other hand, functional upregulation of these genes at higher concentrations [IC50-70] of cisplatin was a predictor for the development of drug tolerance, as evaluated in our in vitro study. This finding was supported further by low prevalence of γ-H2X foci formation and reduced expression of DNMT1 at higher concentrations of cisplatin. In totality, we discovered that the FA-BRCA pathway must be inactivated for cancer formation. In contrast, elevated gene expression played a substantial role in building of chemo-tolerance and might be associated with developing increased risk of disease recurrence among patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Dutta
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700026, West Bengal, India
| | - Debolina Pal
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700026, West Bengal, India
| | - Farhin Sultana
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700026, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranajit Kumar Mandal
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700026, West Bengal, India
| | - Anup Roy
- Department of Pathology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, 700014, India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700026, West Bengal, India.
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14
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Bikorimana J, Abusarah J, Gonçalves M, Farah R, Saad W, Talbot S, Stanga D, Beaudoin S, Plouffe S, Rafei M. An engineered Accum-E7 protein-based vaccine with dual anti-cervical cancer activity. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1102-1113. [PMID: 38287511 PMCID: PMC11007051 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Worldwide prevalence of cervical cancer decreased significantly with the use of human papilloma virus (HPV)-targeted prophylactic vaccines. However, these multivalent antiviral vaccines are inert against established tumors, which leave patients with surgical ablative options possibly resulting in long-term reproductive complications and morbidity. In an attempt to bypass this unmet medical need, we designed a new E7 protein-based vaccine formulation using Accum™, a technology platform designed to promote endosome-to-cytosol escape as a means to enhance protein accumulation in target cells. Prophylactic vaccination of immunocompetent mice using the Accum-E7 vaccine (aE7) leads to complete protection from cervical cancer despite multiple challenges conducted with ascending C3.43 cellular doses (0.5-, 1.0-, and 2.0 × 106 cells). Moreover, the humoral response induced by aE7 was higher in magnitude compared with naked E7 protein vaccination and displayed potent inhibitory effects on C3.43 proliferation in vitro. When administered therapeutically to animals with pre-established C3.43 or Tal3 tumors, the vaccine-induced response synergized with multiple immune checkpoint blockers (anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA4, and anti-CD47) to effectively control tumor growth. Mechanistically, the observed therapeutic effect requires cross-presenting dendritic cells as well as CD8 T cells predominantly, with a non-negligible role played by both CD4+ and CD19+ lymphocytes. good laboratory practice (GLP) studies revealed that aE7 is immunogenic and well tolerated by immunocompetent mice with no observed adverse effects despite the use of a fourfold exceeding dose. In a nutshell, aE7 represents an ideal vaccine candidate for further clinical development as it uses a single engineered protein capable of exhibiting both prophylactic and therapeutic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean‐Pierre Bikorimana
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and ImmunologyUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Jamilah Abusarah
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Marina Gonçalves
- Department of Molecular BiologyUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Roudy Farah
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and ImmunologyUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Wael Saad
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Sebastien Talbot
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular SciencesQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Daniela Stanga
- Defence Therapeutics Inc.VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Simon Beaudoin
- Defence Therapeutics Inc.VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Moutih Rafei
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and ImmunologyUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
- Department of Molecular BiologyUniversité de MontréalMontréalQuebecCanada
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15
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Arvizu-Hernandez E, Hernandez-Guerrero CJ, Alvarez-Rios E, Gariglio P, Cornejo-Garrido J, Ocadiz-Delgado R. Laurencia johnstonii extract reverses early lesions in the K14E7HPV16 murine cervical carcinogenesis model. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29571. [PMID: 38563330 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is a well-established risk factor to the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), a condition that can progress to cervical cancer (CC) a major health problem worldwide. Recently, there has been growing interest in exploring alternative therapies utilizing natural products, among which is the algae species Laurencia johnstonii Setchell & Gardner, 1924 (L. johnstonii), proposed for the management of precancerous lesions. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of an organic extract from L. johnstonii (ELj) in early cervical lesions (CIN 1). These CIN 1 lesions were generated in a murine model expressing the HR-HPV16 E7 oncoprotein (K14E7HPV transgenic mice) with a single exogenous hormonal stimulus using 17β-estradiol. The histopathological studies, the determination of cell proliferation and of the apoptotic levels in cervical tissue, showed that, seven doses of ELj (30 mg/kg weight per day diluted in a DMSO-saline solution [1:7]) lead to recovery the architecture of cervical epithelium. Accordingly, in the transgenic mice it was observed a statistically significant decrease of the PCNA expression levels, a marker of cell proliferation, and a statistically significant increase in the apoptosis levels using Caspase 3 as a marker. In addition, we determined the expression levels of the tumor suppressor miR-218 and the oncomiRNA miR-21. Interestingly, our results may suggest that ELj treatment tended to restore the normal expression of both miRNAs as compared with controls being more evident in the non-transgenic induced mice. Differences of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant through the whole study. Based on these results, we propose that the use of ELj could be an alternative for the treatment of cervical early lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erandi Arvizu-Hernandez
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Natural Products I, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Mexico
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados IPN, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Claudia Judith Hernandez-Guerrero
- Department of Technologies Development, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz B.C.S., Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Alvarez-Rios
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados IPN, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Patricio Gariglio
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados IPN, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Jorge Cornejo-Garrido
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Natural Products I, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Ocadiz-Delgado
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados IPN, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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16
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El Baba R, Herbein G. EZH2-Myc Hallmark in Oncovirus/Cytomegalovirus Infections and Cytomegalovirus' Resemblance to Oncoviruses. Cells 2024; 13:541. [PMID: 38534385 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 15-20% of global cancer cases are attributed to virus infections. Oncoviruses employ various molecular strategies to enhance replication and persistence. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), acting as an initiator or promoter, enables immune evasion, supporting tumor growth. HCMV activates pro-oncogenic pathways within infected cells and direct cellular transformation. Thus, HCMV demonstrates characteristics reminiscent of oncoviruses. Cumulative evidence emphasizes the crucial roles of EZH2 and Myc in oncogenesis and stemness. EZH2 and Myc, pivotal regulators of cellular processes, gain significance in the context of oncoviruses and HCMV infections. This axis becomes a central focus for comprehending the mechanisms driving virus-induced oncogenesis. Elevated EZH2 expression is evident in various cancers, making it a prospective target for cancer therapy. On the other hand, Myc, deregulated in over 50% of human cancers, serves as a potent transcription factor governing cellular processes and contributing to tumorigenesis; Myc activates EZH2 expression and induces global gene expression. The Myc/EZH2 axis plays a critical role in promoting tumor growth in oncoviruses. Considering that HCMV has been shown to manipulate the Myc/EZH2 axis, there is emerging evidence suggesting that HCMV could be regarded as a potential oncovirus due to its ability to exploit this critical pathway implicated in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranim El Baba
- Department Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB EA4266, University of Franche-Comté UFC, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Georges Herbein
- Department Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB EA4266, University of Franche-Comté UFC, 25000 Besançon, France
- Department of Virology, CHU Besançon, 25030 Besançon, France
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17
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Long J, Chen X, He M, Ou S, Zhao Y, Yan Q, Ma M, Chen J, Qin X, Zhou X, Chu J, Han Y. HLA-class II restricted TCR targeting human papillomavirus type 18 E7 induces solid tumor remission in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2271. [PMID: 38480731 PMCID: PMC10937927 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cell therapy is a promising potential treatment for solid tumors, with preliminary efficacy demonstrated in clinical trials. However, obtaining clinically effective TCR molecules remains a major challenge. We have developed a strategy for cloning tumor-specific TCRs from long-term surviving patients who have responded to immunotherapy. Here, we report the identification of a TCR (10F04), which is human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRA/DRB1*09:01 restricted and human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18) E784-98 specific, from a multiple antigens stimulating cellular therapy (MASCT) benefited metastatic cervical cancer patient. Upon transduction into human T cells, the 10F04 TCR demonstrated robust antitumor activity in both in vitro and in vivo models. Notably, the TCR effectively redirected both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to specifically recognize tumor cells and induced multiple cytokine secretion along with durable antitumor activity and outstanding safety profiles. As a result, this TCR is currently being investigated in a phase I clinical trial for treating HPV18-positive cancers. This study provides an approach for developing safe and effective TCR-T therapies, while underscoring the potential of HLA class II-restricted TCR-T therapy as a cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Long
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xihe Chen
- HRYZ Biotech Co., Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Mian He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shudan Ou
- HRYZ Biotech Co., Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yunhe Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | | | - Minjun Ma
- HRYZ Biotech Co., Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xuping Qin
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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18
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Wijesekera A, Weeramange CE, Vasani S, Kenny L, Knowland E, Seneviratne J, Punyadeera C. Surveillance of human papillomavirus through salivary diagnostics - A roadmap to early detection of oropharyngeal cancer men. Tumour Virus Res 2024; 17:200278. [PMID: 38442788 PMCID: PMC10937231 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2024.200278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease. Certain strains have the potential to cause malignancy in multiple anatomical sites if not cleared by the immune system. In most infected people, HPV is cleared within two years. However, HPV may persist in susceptible individuals with certain risk factors, eventually leading to malignancy. New evidence suggests that over 75% of all oropharyngeal cancers (OPC) are directly attributable to HPV. It is estimated that prophylactic HPV vaccination alone may take at least 25 years to have a significant impact on reducing the incidence of OPC. The temporal link between detection of oral HPV, persistence of the infection and the subsequent development of OPC have been well established. Moreover, men have threefold higher risk than women for acquiring HPV-OPC. This comprehensive review focuses on OPC development in men, highlighting the risk factors associated with malignant transformation of HPV-OPC. Current evidence is insufficient to determine whether early identification of at-risk demographics, screening, and prompt diagnosis result in improved outcomes. Hitherto, the effectiveness of an oral HPV screening program in this regard has not been investigated. Nevertheless, the potential to emulate the success of the cervical screening program remains a very real possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akila Wijesekera
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Chameera Ekanayake Weeramange
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sarju Vasani
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia
| | - Liz Kenny
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Queensland, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Emma Knowland
- Metro North Sexual Health and HIV Service, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
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19
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Sait KH, Anfinan NM, Sait HK, Basalamah HA. Human papillomavirus prevalence and dynamics: Insights from a 5-year population-based study in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2024; 45:252-260. [PMID: 38438209 PMCID: PMC11115394 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.3.20230824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence and dynamics of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, over a 5-year period, among Saudi women. METHODS A 2-phase, population-based study combining cross-sectional and cohort designs was carried out with 5360 ever-married women aged 30-65 from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between 2013 and 2018. Participants were enrolled in a designated screening program and screened using the hybrid capture 2 HPV test. Women testing positive for HPV were followed up after one year to estimate the HPV clearance rate, while those testing negative had a follow-up after 5 years to assess new HPV infections. Factors associated with HPV positivity and clearance, including sociodemographic and clinical aspects, were analyzed. RESULTS Participant's mean age was 44.3 and the average marriage duration was 22.6 years. The initial HPV prevalence was 4.7%. After one year, the HPV clearance rate among initially positive women was 84.3%. The rate of new HPV infections among initially negative women after 5 years was 0.2%, resulting in a cumulative HPV prevalence of 5% over the study period. The incidence rate was estimated at 47 per 100,000 person-years. Parity was the only independent factor inversely associated with HPV positivity, with an odds ratio of 0.93 (95% confidence interval: 0.8 - 0.99). CONCLUSION The prevalence of HPV in Saudi women was relatively low, suggesting a low transmission rate of HPV. This finding indicates the need for continuous monitoring and tailored prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid H. Sait
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K. Sait, Anfinan, H. Sait, Basalamah), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Tom Baker Cancer Center (H. Sait), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Nisreen M. Anfinan
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K. Sait, Anfinan, H. Sait, Basalamah), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Tom Baker Cancer Center (H. Sait), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Hesham K. Sait
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K. Sait, Anfinan, H. Sait, Basalamah), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Tom Baker Cancer Center (H. Sait), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Hussain A. Basalamah
- From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (K. Sait, Anfinan, H. Sait, Basalamah), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; and from the Tom Baker Cancer Center (H. Sait), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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20
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Hernández-Silva CD, Ramírez de Arellano A, Pereira-Suárez AL, Ramírez-López IG. HPV and Cervical Cancer: Molecular and Immunological Aspects, Epidemiology and Effect of Vaccination in Latin American Women. Viruses 2024; 16:327. [PMID: 38543693 PMCID: PMC10974876 DOI: 10.3390/v16030327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is primarily caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and remains a significant public health concern, particularly in Latin American regions. This comprehensive narrative review addresses the relationship between Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer, focusing on Latin American women. It explores molecular and immunological aspects of HPV infection, its role in cervical cancer development, and the epidemiology in this region, highlighting the prevalence and diversity of HPV genotypes. The impact of vaccination initiatives on cervical cancer rates in Latin America is critically evaluated. The advent of HPV vaccines has presented a significant tool in combating the burden of this malignancy, with notable successes observed in various countries, the latter due to their impact on immune responses. The review synthesizes current knowledge, emphasizes the importance of continued research and strategies for cervical cancer prevention, and underscores the need for ongoing efforts in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian David Hernández-Silva
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.D.H.-S.); (A.L.P.-S.)
| | - Adrián Ramírez de Arellano
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Ana Laura Pereira-Suárez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (C.D.H.-S.); (A.L.P.-S.)
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Inocencia Guadalupe Ramírez-López
- Departamento de Ciencias de La Salud, CUValles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara-Ameca Rd Km. 45.5, Ameca 46600, Jalisco, Mexico
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21
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Ouh YT, Kim HY, Yi KW, Lee NW, Kim HJ, Min KJ. Enhancing Cervical Cancer Screening: Review of p16/Ki-67 Dual Staining as a Promising Triage Strategy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:451. [PMID: 38396493 PMCID: PMC10888225 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14040451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer, primarily caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) types 16 and 18, is a major global health concern. Persistent HR-HPV infection can progress from reversible precancerous lesions to invasive cervical cancer, which is driven by the oncogenic activity of human papillomavirus (HPV) genes, particularly E6 and E7. Traditional screening methods, including cytology and HPV testing, have limited sensitivity and specificity. This review explores the application of p16/Ki-67 dual-staining cytology for cervical cancer screening. This advanced immunocytochemical method allows for simultaneously detecting p16 and Ki-67 proteins within cervical epithelial cells, offering a more specific approach for triaging HPV-positive women. Dual staining and traditional methods are compared, demonstrating their high sensitivity and negative predictive value but low specificity. The increased sensitivity of dual staining results in higher detection rates of CIN2+ lesions, which is crucial for preventing cervical cancer progression. However, its low specificity may lead to increased false-positive results and unnecessary biopsies. The implications of integrating dual staining into contemporary screening strategies, particularly considering the evolving landscape of HPV vaccination and changes in HPV genotype prevalence, are also discussed. New guidelines and further research are necessary to elucidate the long-term effects of integrating dual staining into screening protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kyung-Jin Min
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; (Y.-T.O.); (H.Y.K.); (K.W.Y.); (N.-W.L.); (H.-J.K.)
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22
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Isaguliants MG, Ivanov AV, Buonaguro FM. Chronic Viral Infections and Cancer, Openings for Therapies and Vaccines. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:818. [PMID: 38398209 PMCID: PMC10886681 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Infections are responsible for approximately one out of six cases of cancer worldwide [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G. Isaguliants
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Alexander V. Ivanov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Franco M. Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
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23
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Jones RN, Miyauchi S, Roy S, Boutros N, Mayadev JS, Mell LK, Califano JA, Venuti A, Sharabi AB. Computational and AI-driven 3D structural analysis of human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoproteins E5, E6, and E7 reveal significant divergence of HPV E5 between low-risk and high-risk genotypes. Virology 2024; 590:109946. [PMID: 38147693 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.109946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
There are over 220 identified genotypes of Human papillomavirus (HPV), and the HPV genome encodes 3 major oncogenes, E5, E6, and E7. Conservation and divergence in protein sequence and function between low-risk versus high-risk oncogenic HPV genotypes has not been fully characterized. Here, we used modern computational and structural folding algorithms to perform a comparative analysis of HPV E5, E6, and E7 between multiple low risk and high risk genotypes. We first identified significantly greater sequence divergence in E5 between low- and high-risk genotypes compared to E6 and E7. Next, we used AlphaFold to model the structure of papillomavirus proteins and complexes with high confidence, including some with no established consensus structure. We observed that HPV E5, but not E6 or E7, had a dramatically different 3D structure between low-risk and high-risk genotypes. To our knowledge, this is the first comparative analysis of HPV proteins using Alphafold artificial intelligence (AI) system. The marked differences in E5 sequence and structure in high-risk HPVs may contribute in important and underappreciated ways to the development of HPV-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley N Jones
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Sayuri Miyauchi
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Souvick Roy
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Nathalie Boutros
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jyoti S Mayadev
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Loren K Mell
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joseph A Califano
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aldo Venuti
- HPV-UNIT-UOSD Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrew B Sharabi
- Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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24
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Sabri NA, Shamsuddin SH, Zin AAM. Evaluation of HPV 16 and HPV 18 Oncoprotein Expression as Alternative Diagnostic Tools in Cervical Lesion. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:521-527. [PMID: 38415538 PMCID: PMC11077110 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.2.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to evaluate E6 and E7 oncoproteins of HPV16 and HPV18 expression in formalin - fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue in different grades of the cervical lesion and evaluate the potential use of E6 and E7 oncoproteins derived from HPV 16 and 18 as diagnostic protein biomarkers for triaging cervical lesions. METHODOLOGY A total of 102 FFPE cervical tissues were collected from 2 tertiary hospitals and immunohistochemical reactivity staining of E6 and E7 oncoproteins of HPV16 and HPV18 were evaluated using immunoreactive scoring (IRS) system and analysed statistically. RESULT The result showed an increased oncoprotein expression with the progression of cervical lesions. There is a statistically significant association between histology grade and HPV16/18-E6 expression (p = 0.028). However, there are no significant association of histological grade to HPV16-E7 immunoreactivity score (p = 0.264) and HPV18-E7 (p=0.080). CONCLUSION The immunohistochemical expression of HPV oncoproteins is a potential alternative diagnostic tool applicable in a low-resource laboratory setting. The advantage of the histochemical evaluation is that this method is simpler to apply and less expensive in comparison to in situ mRNA hybridization. Nevertheless, our study also found that antibodies against HPV that are commercially available suffer quite substantial specificity issues such as background staining and inconsistency between different batches. Hence, the utilization of antibody-based staining warrants stringent quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiah Ahmad Sabri
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Shazana Hilda Shamsuddin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Anani Aila Mat Zin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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25
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Nittala MR, Yang J, Velazquez AE, Salvemini JD, Vance GR, Grady CC, Hathaway B, Roux JA, Vijayakumar S. Precision Population Cancer Medicine in Cancer of the Uterine Cervix: A Potential Roadmap to Eradicate Cervical Cancer. Cureus 2024; 16:e53733. [PMID: 38455773 PMCID: PMC10919943 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
With the success of the Human Genome Project, the era of genomic medicine (GM) was born. Later on, as GM made progress, there was a feeling of exhilaration that GM could help resolve many disease processes. It also led to the conviction that personalized medicine was possible, and a relatively synonymous word, precision medicine (PM), was coined. However, the influence of environmental factors and social determinants of diseases was only partially given their due importance in the definition of PM, although more recently, this has been recognized. With the rapid advances in GM, big data, data mining, wearable devices for health monitoring, telemedicine, etc., PM can be more easily extended to population-level health care in disease management, prevention, early screening, and so on.and the term precision population medicine (PPM) more aptly describes it. PPM's potential in cancer care was posited earlier,and the current authors planned a series of cancer disease-specific follow-up articles. These papers are mainly aimed at helping emerging students in health sciences (medicine, pharmacy, nursing, dentistry, public health, population health), healthcare management (health-focused business administration, nonprofit administration, public institutional administration, etc.), and policy-making (e.g., political science), although not exclusively. This first disease-specific report focuses on the cancer of the uterine cervix (CC). It describes how recent breakthroughs can be leveraged as force multipliers to improve outcomes in CC - by improving early detection, better screening for CC, potential GM-based interventions during the stage of persistent Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and treatment interventions - especially among the disadvantaged and resource-scarce populations. This work is a tiny step in our attempts to improve outcomes in CC and ultimately eradicate CC from the face of the earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary R Nittala
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Johnny Yang
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | | | - John D Salvemini
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Gregory R Vance
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Camille C Grady
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Bradley Hathaway
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Roux
- Radiation Oncology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, USA
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26
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Yu J, Kim RD. Progress in the treatment of anal cancer: an overview of the latest investigational drugs. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2024; 33:145-157. [PMID: 38275174 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2024.2311191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anal cancer, a rare malignancy accounting for 2.5-3.0% of gastrointestinal cancers, primarily manifests as squamous cell carcinoma associated with HPV. Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in managing squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA), particularly with the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and randomized data on front-line chemotherapy. AREAS COVERED This review discusses the current standard treatments for both early and advanced SCCA, based on published data. The authors then describe the new approaches, focusing on ICI combinations, targeted agents, T-cell adoptive therapy, and HPV-therapeutic vaccines. EXPERT OPINION The current standard treatment for SCCA includes front-line carboplatin and paclitaxel, with pembrolizumab and nivolumab as later-line options. While modified DCF has shown promise in single-arm studies, its role as a front-line therapy requires confirmation through randomized data. We eagerly anticipate the results of phase 3 trials investigating the front-line chemo-immunotherapy for metastatic SCCA and ICI consolidation following chemoradiation for early-stage SCCA. Novel approaches like T-cell adoptive therapy, HPV-therapeutic vaccines, and bifunctional antibodies combined with HPV vaccines are in early-stage trials for HPV-mediated tumors, including HPV-positive SCCA. These approaches targeting HPV epitopes may eventually gain tumor-agnostic approval, although their role in SCCA may take time to establish.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Yu
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - Richard D Kim
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
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27
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Zhang L, Li M, Yuan F, Jiang J, Zhang X. The difference of transcriptome of HPV-infected patients contributes more to the occurrence of cervical cancer than the mutations of E6 and E7 genes in HPV16. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36822. [PMID: 38241590 PMCID: PMC10798708 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 genes are biomarkers and drivers of the progression of cervical cancer (CxCa). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between HPV16 E6, E7 gene mutations and the occurrence and development of CxCa. Cervical exfoliated cells and clinical data of patients with cervical diseases were collected. Sample DNA was extracted, the E6 and E7 gene fragments were amplified by PCR, and the mutations were detected by Sanger sequencing and compared with standard sequences. Microarray was used to sequence the transcriptome of cells. Data of transcriptome analyzed and visualized using R software and its packages. Analysis of clinical characteristics demonstrated the association of HPV16 infection with CxCa (P < .05). Sanger sequencing results showed that the mutation sites of E6 gene included T178G/A, T350G, A131C, and T241G; among these, A131C and T241G were synonymous mutations. The mutation sites of E7 gene included A647G, T846C, G666A, T843C, and T760C, and all of them were synonymous mutations except A647G. There was no significant difference in the distribution of HPV16 E6, E7 mutations among CxCa, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and infection groups (P > .05). Compared with the non- CxCa group, gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed more significant enrichment of DEGs in the biological processes, pathways, and diseases closely related to cancer. Compared with the non-mutation group, the DEGs in the E6, E7 gene mutation group were significantly enriched in the events related to infection and immunity. To summarize, HPV16 may be associated with the occurrence and development of CxCa, but HPV16 E6 and E7 gene mutations have little effect on the occurrence and development of CxCa. Individual differences may have a greater effect on the progression of CxCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feiyan Yuan
- Department of Gynaecology, The Second Norman Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingyuan Jiang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinmin Zhang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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28
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Saulters EL, Kennedy PT, Carter RJ, Alsufyani A, Jones TM, Woolley JF, Dahal LN. Differential Regulation of the STING Pathway in Human Papillomavirus-Positive and -Negative Head and Neck Cancers. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:118-133. [PMID: 38147007 PMCID: PMC10793589 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas, which arise from the cells that line the mucosal surfaces of the head and neck, represent the most common type of head and neck cancers (HNSCC). Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been strongly associated with the development of oropharyngeal cancers, which are cancers that occur in the back of the throat, including the tonsils and base of the tongue. HNSCCs with and without HPV infection have distinct pathology, with HPV-positive patients having higher levels of immune infiltration, activation in the tumor microenvironment and better response to radiation and chemotherapy. It is, however, unclear whether HPV infection in HNSCCs has the potential to activate innate-immune sensing pathways and if these cancers possess intrinsic immunogenicity associated with HPV infection. Here we investigate the innate immune stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and immune responses to STING activation in HNSCCs and uncover fundamental differences in the regulation of this pathway in cell lines versus primary human clinical specimens. We show that while STING is differentially expressed in HPV-positive and -negative HNSCC cell lines, they exhibit a gross functional defect in signaling through this pathway. However, STING activation in immune cell populations generated immune signatures predicted to elicit useful tumoricidal mechanisms. In contrast, IHC analysis of human tissue microarrays revealed enhanced STING expression in HPV-related tumors and high intratumoral expression of STING correlated with increased survival. SIGNIFICANCE STING is an important innate immune sensor of cytosolic DNA, inducing essential antiviral and antitumoral responses. This research shows that STING expression is enhanced in HPV-positive HNSCC patient tissue, with high intratumoral STING expression correlating with increased survival. In addition, STING activation in immune cell populations augmented antitumoral effects against HNSCCs, suggesting patients may benefit from the use of STING agonists in combination with traditional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Saulters
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Paul T. Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel J. Carter
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Abdullah Alsufyani
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Terence M. Jones
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - John F. Woolley
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Lekh N. Dahal
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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29
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Konstantopoulos G, Leventakou D, Saltiel DR, Zervoudi E, Logotheti E, Pettas S, Karagianni K, Daiou A, Hatzistergos KE, Dafou D, Arsenakis M, Kottaridi C. HPV16 E6 Oncogene Contributes to Cancer Immune Evasion by Regulating PD-L1 Expression through a miR-143/HIF-1a Pathway. Viruses 2024; 16:113. [PMID: 38257813 PMCID: PMC10819893 DOI: 10.3390/v16010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Papillomaviruses have been associated with the occurrence of cervical cancer, the fourth most common cancer that affects women globally, while 70% of cases are caused by infection with the high-risk types HPV16 and HPV18. The integration of these viruses' oncogenes E6 and E7 into the host's genome affects a multitude of cellular functions and alters the expression of molecules. The aim of this study was to investigate how these oncogenes contribute to the expression of immune system control molecules, using cell lines with integrated HPV16 genome, before and after knocking out E6 viral gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, delivered with a lentiviral vector. The molecules studied are the T-cell inactivating protein PD-L1, its transcription factor HIF-1a and the latter's negative regulator, miR-143. According to our results, in the E6 knock out (E6KO) cell lines an increased expression of miR-143 was recorded, while a decrease in the expression of HIF-1a and PD-L1 was exhibited. These findings indicate that E6 protein probably plays a significant role in enabling cervical cancer cells to evade the immune system, while we propose a molecular pathway in cervical cancer, where PD-L1's expression is regulated by E6 protein through a miR-143/HIF-1a axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Konstantopoulos
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (D.-R.S.); (E.L.); (S.P.); (K.K.); (K.E.H.); (D.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Danai Leventakou
- 2nd Department of Pathology, University General Hospital Attikon, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Despoina-Rozi Saltiel
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (D.-R.S.); (E.L.); (S.P.); (K.K.); (K.E.H.); (D.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Efthalia Zervoudi
- Research Unit—Oncology Unit, University General Hospital Attikon, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece;
| | - Eirini Logotheti
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (D.-R.S.); (E.L.); (S.P.); (K.K.); (K.E.H.); (D.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Spyros Pettas
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (D.-R.S.); (E.L.); (S.P.); (K.K.); (K.E.H.); (D.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Korina Karagianni
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (D.-R.S.); (E.L.); (S.P.); (K.K.); (K.E.H.); (D.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Angeliki Daiou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (D.-R.S.); (E.L.); (S.P.); (K.K.); (K.E.H.); (D.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Konstantinos E. Hatzistergos
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (D.-R.S.); (E.L.); (S.P.); (K.K.); (K.E.H.); (D.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Dimitra Dafou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (D.-R.S.); (E.L.); (S.P.); (K.K.); (K.E.H.); (D.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Minas Arsenakis
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (D.-R.S.); (E.L.); (S.P.); (K.K.); (K.E.H.); (D.D.); (M.A.)
| | - Christine Kottaridi
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.); (D.-R.S.); (E.L.); (S.P.); (K.K.); (K.E.H.); (D.D.); (M.A.)
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Munshi RM. Novel ensemble learning approach with SVM-imputed ADASYN features for enhanced cervical cancer prediction. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296107. [PMID: 38198475 PMCID: PMC10781159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer remains a leading cause of female mortality, particularly in developing regions, underscoring the critical need for early detection and intervention guided by skilled medical professionals. While Pap smear images serve as valuable diagnostic tools, many available datasets for automated cervical cancer detection contain missing data, posing challenges for machine learning models' efficacy. To address these hurdles, this study presents an automated system adept at managing missing information using ADASYN characteristics, resulting in exceptional accuracy. The proposed methodology integrates a voting classifier model harnessing the predictive capacity of three distinct machine learning models. It further incorporates SVM Imputer and ADASYN up-sampled features to mitigate missing value concerns, while leveraging CNN-generated features to augment the model's capabilities. Notably, this model achieves remarkable performance metrics, boasting a 99.99% accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. A comprehensive comparative analysis evaluates the proposed model against various machine learning algorithms across four scenarios: original dataset usage, SVM imputation, ADASYN feature utilization, and CNN-generated features. Results indicate the superior efficacy of the proposed model over existing state-of-the-art techniques. This research not only introduces a novel approach but also offers actionable suggestions for refining automated cervical cancer detection systems. Its impact extends to benefiting medical practitioners by enabling earlier detection and improved patient care. Furthermore, the study's findings have substantial societal implications, potentially reducing the burden of cervical cancer through enhanced diagnostic accuracy and timely intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raafat M. Munshi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology (MLT), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
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Ikechukwu CK, Qin K, Zhang H, Pan J, Zhang W. Novel equid papillomavirus from domestic donkey. Equine Vet J 2024; 56:171-177. [PMID: 37246448 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillomaviruses can be of great medical importance as they infect humans and animals such as Equus species, other livestock and pets. They are responsible for several papillomas and benign tumours in their host. OBJECTIVES To describe a novel equid papillomavirus detected in oral swab samples collected from donkeys (Equus asinus) found on the Northwest plateau of China. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS Swab samples collected from the oral mucosa of 32 donkeys in the Gansu Province of China, were subjected to viral metagenomic analysis to detect the presence of Papillomavirus. After de novo assembly, a novel papillomavirus genome designated as Equus asinus papillomavirus 3 (EaPV3) was identified in the studied samples. Additional bioinformatic analysis of the assembled genome was done using the Geneious prime software (version 2022.0.2). RESULTS The complete circular genome of EaPV3 is 7430 bp in length with a GC content of 50.8%. The genome was predicted to contain five ORFs coding for three early proteins (E7, E1, and E2) and two late proteins (L1 and L2). Phylogenic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the concatenated amino acid sequences of the E1E2L1L2 genes revealed that EaPV3 is most closely related to Equus asinus papillomavirus 1 (EaPV1). The genome analysis of EaPV3 revealed similar genome organisation with other equine papillomavirus and the presence of E7 papillomavirus oncoprotein. MAIN LIMITATIONS Since there were no warts in the oral cavity of the donkeys in this study, and no biopsy samples taken, we are unable to conclusively link the novel virus to any clinical condition in the donkeys. CONCLUSIONS The Comparative characterisation of EaPV3 and its closest relatives, as well as phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that it is a novel virus specie that clusters within the Dyochipapilloma PV genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwudozie Kingsley Ikechukwu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Kailin Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jiamin Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Voidăzan TS, Budianu MA, Cotoi OS, Turdean SG. The importance of combined HPV and CINtec® PLUS genotyping testing for p16 in women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MORPHOLOGIE ET EMBRYOLOGIE 2024; 65:99-105. [PMID: 38527989 PMCID: PMC11146556 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.65.1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p16INK4A (p16) is a reliable surrogate test for the presence of a high-risk, potentially transformative human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in precursor and malignant lesions of the cervix. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in cervical cells caused by persistent HPV infection, by IHC (p16 protein) by comparison with HPV genotyping. PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included female patients aged between 26 and 57 years who presented to a public hospital, with complaints related to the genital area, namely vaginal bleeding and dyspareunia. After selecting the patients, samples were subjected to cytological testing and IHC for p16 and for the determination of HPV types. RESULTS The relationship between HPV status and p16 status was statistically significant (p=0.0001), of the 41 patients, 53.7% were HPV positive, respectively 56.1% were p16 positive, the agreement relationship between the two indicators was very high (weighted kappa: 0.951). The clinical performance of CINtec® PLUS triage for p16 shows a high positive predictive value (PPV) and a high negative predictive value (NPV) of 95.7% and 100%, respectively, as regards HPV. CONCLUSIONS The p16 marker (CINtec® PLUS) can be used as a prognostic biomarker and provides clinical usefulness through increased sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) in the triage of women at risk of developing precancerous lesions, compared to cytology that is based on morphology, but has a rather low Se and high Sp, while HPV testing is very sensitive but slightly more specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toader Septimiu Voidăzan
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureş, Romania;
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Xi Q, Kage H, Ogawa M, Matsunaga A, Nishijima A, Sone K, Kawana K, Oda K. Genomic Landscape of Endometrial, Ovarian, and Cervical Cancers in Japan from the Database in the Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:136. [PMID: 38201563 PMCID: PMC10778092 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to comprehensively clarify the genomic landscape and its association with tumor mutational burden-high (TMB-H, ≥10 mut/Mb) and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) in endometrial, cervical, and ovarian cancers. We obtained genomic datasets of a comprehensive genomic profiling test, FoundationOne® CDx, with clinical information using the "Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics" (C-CAT) database in Japan. Patients can undergo the tests only after standardized treatments under universal health insurance coverage. Endometrial cancers were characterized by a high frequency of TMB-H and MSI-H, especially in endometrioid carcinomas. The lower ratio of POLE exonuclease mutations and the higher ratio of TP53 mutations compared to previous reports suggested the prognostic effects of the molecular subtypes. Among the 839 cervical cancer samples, frequent mutations of KRAS, TP53, PIK3CA, STK11, CDKN2A, and ERBB2 were observed in adenocarcinomas, whereas the ratio of TMB-H was significantly higher in squamous cell carcinomas. Among the 1606 ovarian cancer samples, genomic profiling of serous, clear cell, endometrioid, and mucinous carcinomas was characterized. Pathogenic mutations in the POLE exonuclease domain were associated with high TMB, and the mutation ratio was low in both cervical and ovarian cancers. The C-CAT database is useful for determining the mutational landscape of each cancer type and histological subtype. As the dataset is exclusively collected from patients after the standardized treatments, the information on "druggable" alterations highlights the unmet needs for drug development in major gynecological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xi
- Division of Integrative Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; (Q.X.)
| | - Hidenori Kage
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Miho Ogawa
- Next-Generation Precision Medicine Development Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Asami Matsunaga
- Division of Integrative Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; (Q.X.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Akira Nishijima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Kenbun Sone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Kei Kawana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nihon University, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Oda
- Division of Integrative Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; (Q.X.)
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Cakir MO, Bilge U, Ghanbari A, Ashrafi GH. Regulatory Effect of Ficus carica Latex on Cell Cycle Progression in Human Papillomavirus-Positive Cervical Cancer Cell Lines: Insights from Gene Expression Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1723. [PMID: 38139849 PMCID: PMC10747314 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer presents a significant global health concern with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) identified as the main cause of this cancer. Although current treatment methods for cervical cancer can eliminate lesions, preventing metastatic spread and minimizing tissue damage remain a major challenge. Therefore, the development of a safer and innovative therapeutic approach is of the utmost importance. Natural products like fig latex, derived from the Ficus carica tree, have demonstrated promising anti-cancer properties when tested on cervical cancer cell lines. However, the specific mechanisms by which fig latex exerts its effects are still unknown. In this study, we conducted RNA-Seq analysis to explore how fig latex may counteract carcinogenesis in HPV-positive cervical cancer cell lines, namely, CaSki (HPV type 16-positive) and HeLa (HPV type 18-positive). Our results from this investigation indicate that fig latex influences the expression of genes associated with the development and progression of cervical cancer, including pathways related to "Nonsense-Mediated Decay (NMD)", "Cell Cycle regulation", "Transcriptional Regulation by TP53", and "Apoptotic Process". This selective impact of fig latex on cancer-related pathways suggests a potential novel therapeutic approach for HPV-related cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muharrem Okan Cakir
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, London KT1 2EE, UK; (M.O.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Ugur Bilge
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07050, Turkey;
| | - Arshia Ghanbari
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, London KT1 2EE, UK; (M.O.C.); (A.G.)
| | - G. Hossein Ashrafi
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07050, Turkey;
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Ghelani GH, Zerdan MB, Jacob J, Spiess PE, Li R, Necchi A, Grivas P, Kamat A, Danziger N, Lin D, Huang R, Decker B, Sokol ES, Cheng L, Pavlick D, Ross JS, Bratslavsky G, Basnet A. HPV-positive clinically advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (aBSCC): A comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) study. Urol Oncol 2023; 41:486.e15-486.e23. [PMID: 37821306 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced bladder squamous cell carcinoma (aBSCC) is an uncommon form of urinary bladder malignancy when compared with the much higher urothelial carcinoma incidence. We studied the genomic alteration (GA) landscape in a series of aBSCC based on the association with human papilloma virus (HPV) to determine if differences in GA would be observed between the positive and negative groups. METHODS Using a hybrid capture-based FDA-approved CGP assay, a series of 171 aBSCC were sequenced to evaluate all classes of GA. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was determined on up to 1.1 Mbp of sequenced DNA and microsatellite instability (MSI) was determined on up to 114 loci. Programmed cell death ligand -1 (PD-L1) expression was determined by IHC (Dako 22C3) with negative expression when PD-L1 was 0, lower expression of positivity set at 1 to 49%, and higher expression set at ≥50% expression. RESULTS Overall, 11 (6.4%) of the aBSCC were found to harbor HPV sequences (10 HPV16 and 1 HPV 11). HPV+ status was identified slightly more often in women (NS) and in younger patients (P = 0.04); 2 female patients with aBSCC had a prior history of SCC including 1 anal SCC and 1 vaginal SCC. HPV+ aBSCC had fewer GA/tumor (P < 0.0001), more inactivating mutations in RB1 (P = 0.032), and fewer inactivating GA in CDKN2A (P < 0.0001), CDKN2B (P = 0.05), TERT promoter (P = 0.0004) and TP53 (P < 0.0001). GA in genes associated with urothelial carcinoma including FGFR2 and FGFR3 were similar in both HPV+ and HPV- aBSCC groups. MTAP loss (homozygous deletion) which has emerged as a biomarker for PRMT5 inhibitor-based clinical trials was not identified in any of the 11 HPV+ aBSCC cases, which was significantly lower than the 28% positive frequency of MTAP loss in the HPV- aBSCC group (P < 0.0001). MTOR and PIK3CA pathway GA were not significantly different in the 2 groups. Putative biomarkers associated with immunotherapy (IO) response, including MSI and TMB status, were also similar in the 2 groups. PD-L1 expression data was available for a subset of both HPV+ and HPV- cases and showed high frequencies of positive staining which was not different in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS HPV+ aBSCC tends to occur more often in younger patients. As reported in other HPV-associated squamous cell carcinomas, HPV+ aBSCC demonstrates significantly reduced frequencies of inactivating mutations in cell cycle regulatory genes with similar GA in MTOR and PIK3CA pathways. The implication of HPV in the pathogenesis of bladder cancer remains unknown but warrants further exploration and clinical validation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - J Jacob
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | - P E Spiess
- Department of GU Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - R Li
- Department of GU Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - A Necchi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - P Grivas
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - A Kamat
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - D Lin
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - R Huang
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | - B Decker
- Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - L Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, and the Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, Providence, RI
| | | | - J S Ross
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
| | | | - A Basnet
- Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY
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Thakur K, Janjua D, Aggarwal N, Chhokar A, Yadav J, Tripathi T, Chaudhary A, Senrung A, Shrivastav A, Bharti AC. Physical interaction between STAT3 and AP1 in cervical carcinogenesis: Implications in HPV transcription control. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166817. [PMID: 37532113 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The constitutive activation and aberrant expression of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a key role in initiation and progression of cervical cancer (CaCx). How STAT3 influences HPV transcription is poorly defined. In the present study, we probed direct and indirect interactions of STAT3 with HPV16/18 LCR. In silico assessment of cis-elements present on LCR revealed the presence of potential STAT3 binding motifs. However, experimental validation by ChIP-PCR could not confirm any specific STAT3 binding on HPV16 LCR. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of STAT3 with other host transcription factors that bind LCR, highlighted the physical association of STAT3 with c-FOS and c-JUN. This was further confirmed in vitro by co-immunoprecipitation, where STAT3 co-immunoprecipitated with c-FOS and c-JUN in CaCx cells. The result was supported by immunocytochemical analysis and colocalization of STAT3 with c-FOS and c-JUN. Positive signals in proximity ligation assay validated physical interaction and colocalization of STAT3 with AP1. Colocalization of STAT3 with c-FOS and c-JUN increased upon IL-6 treatment and decreased post-Stattic treatment. Alteration of STAT3 expression affected the subcellular localization of c-FOS and c-JUN, along with the expression of viral oncoproteins (E6 and E7) in CaCx cells. High expression of c-JUN in tumor tissues correlated with poor prognosis in both HPV16 and HPV18 CaCx cohort whereas high expression of STAT3 correlated with poor prognosis in HPV18 CaCx lesions only. Overall, the data suggest an indirect interaction of STAT3 with HPV LCR via c-FOS and c-JUN and potentiate transcription of viral oncoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India; Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Anna Senrung
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Anuraag Shrivastav
- Department of Biology, The University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute CCMB, 675 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India.
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Weng K, Li L, Zhou H. Transcription factor ZNF488 accelerates cervical cancer progression through regulating the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Histol Histopathol 2023; 38:1381-1390. [PMID: 36537752 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies worldwide. Zinc Finger Protein 488 (ZNF488) has been identified as an oncogene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. However, its biological role and potential mechanism in CC remain to be elucidated. In the present study, upregulation of ZNF488 expression in human CC tissues was found in clinical samples and analyzed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, which was associated with clinical staging and lymph node metastasis. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot assays indicated that the expression of ZNF488 was up-regulated in CC cells. Cell colony formation and cell cycle analysis assays suggested that ZNF488 promoted CC cell proliferation and cycle progression. Knockdown of ZNF488 inhibited tumor growth of xenograft tumor mice in vivo, in agreement with the levels of ZNF488 and Ki-67. Moreover, transwell and western assays demonstrated that ZNF488 enhanced CC cell migration and invasion. Additionally, knockdown of ZNF488 also inhibited lung metastasis of CC cells in vivo. Further mechanism analysis implied that ZNF488 promoted the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. ERK inhibitor PD98059 significantly weakened the proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) promotion effect of ZNF488. Collectively, ZNF488 exerts its oncogene function partially through modulating MEK/ERK signaling pathway in CC, indicating that ZNF488 may provide a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kena Weng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Haiping Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Ambrosio MR, Niccolai E, Petrelli F, Di Gloria L, Bertacca G, Giusti A, Baldi S, Cavazzana A, Palmeri M, Perotti B, Ramazzotti M, Arganini M, Amedei A. Immune landscape and oncobiota in HPV-Associated Colorectal Cancer: an explorative study. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:5101-5112. [PMID: 37612430 PMCID: PMC10725376 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01165-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide more than 550,000 new patients suffering from malignant tumors are associated with human papillomaviruses (HPV) infection. However, only a small portion of patients infected progress to cancer, suggesting that other factors other than HPV may play a role. Some studies have investigated HPV infection in colorectal cancer (CRC) with discordant results; moreover, the role of HPV in CRC development is still unknown. We investigated HPV infection in 50 CRC from different regions, excluding the anal one, by immunohistochemistry (IHC), real-time PCR and RNA-seq. For each patient, we studied the tumor microenvironment in neoplastic and matched non-neoplastic samples, and we compared the tumor-infiltrating immune cell phenotypes among HPV-positive and negative samples. Finally, we compared the CRC-associated microbiota in HPV-positive and negative neoplastic samples by 16S rRNA sequencing. HPV infection was identified in 20% of CRC from the right side (caecum, ascending and transverse colon) and in 40% from the left side (descending colon and rectum). In all HPV-positive CRCs we found no expression of p53 and RB, thus suggesting HPV involvement in tumorigenesis. As far as the tumor microenvironment is concerned, in HPV-related cancers we observed a neoplastic environment with a reduced immune surveillance but an enhanced cytotoxic response by lymphocytes. HPV-positive and -negative CRC showed a different microbiota with lack of species normally found in CRC in the HPV-positive ones. Our results support the carcinogenic significance of HPV in CRC, suggesting a role of HPV in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Leandro Di Gloria
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, "Mario Serio" University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gloria Bertacca
- Clinical Chemical Analysis and Immuno Allergology Department, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Giusti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Baldi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Palmeri
- Surgery Unit, Ospedale Unico Versilia, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Bruno Perotti
- Surgery Unit, Ospedale Unico Versilia, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Ramazzotti
- Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, "Mario Serio" University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Arganini
- Surgery Unit, Ospedale Unico Versilia, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy.
- Internal Interdisciplinary Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134, Florence, Italy.
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Gupta S, Nagtode N, Chandra V, Gomase K. From Diagnosis to Treatment: Exploring the Latest Management Trends in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia. Cureus 2023; 15:e50291. [PMID: 38205499 PMCID: PMC10776490 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) stands as a precancerous condition with the potential to progress to invasive cervical cancer. This comprehensive review explores the intricacies of CIN management, beginning with its definition, classification, and etiology. It emphasizes the significance of early detection and outlines the latest trends in diagnosis, including Pap smears, human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, and colposcopy. Grading and staging, pivotal in treatment selection, are elucidated. Current management approaches, encompassing watchful waiting, surgical interventions, emerging minimally invasive techniques, and immunotherapy, are detailed. The factors influencing treatment decisions, informed consent, and patient education are discussed. Potential complications following treatment, the importance of long-term follow-up, and the role of HPV vaccination in prevention are underscored. Finally, the review looks to the future, discussing advances in detection, novel treatments, and the promise of precision medicine. In conclusion, early detection and management remain the cornerstone of CIN care, offering hope for a future where cervical cancer is a preventable and treatable condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Gupta
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Nikhilesh Nagtode
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Vaibhav Chandra
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Kavita Gomase
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Smt. Radhikabai Meghe Memorial College of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Sørbye SW, Falang BM, Botha MH, Snyman LC, van der Merwe H, Visser C, Richter K, Dreyer G. Enhancing Cervical Cancer Prevention in South African Women: Primary HPV mRNA Screening with Different Genotype Combinations. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5453. [PMID: 38001713 PMCID: PMC10670851 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer prevention in regions with limited access to screening and HPV vaccination necessitates innovative approaches. This study explored the potential of a test-and-treat strategy using mRNA HPV tests to impact cervical cancer prevention in a high-prevalence HIV population. METHODS A cervical screening study was conducted at three South African hospitals involving 710 under-screened, non-pregnant women (25 to 65 years) without known cervical diseases. Cytology, HPV testing, colposcopy, and biopsies were performed concurrently. Histopathologists determined final histological diagnoses based on biopsy and LLETZ histology. mRNA-HPV-genotyping for 3 (16, 18, 45) to 8 (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, 58) high-risk types was performed on leftover liquid-based cytology material. The preventive potential of the test-and-treat approach was estimated based on published data, reporting the causative HPV types in cervical cancer tissue from South African women. Treatment was provided as needed. RESULTS The HPV positivity rate more than doubled from 3-type (15.2%; 95% CI: 12.6-17.8) to 8-type mRNA (31.5%; 95% CI: 28.8-34.9) combinations, significantly higher among HIV-positive women. CIN3+ prevalence among HIV-positive women (26.4%) was double that of HIV-negative women (12.9%) (p < 0.01). The 6-type combination showed the best balance of sensitivity, specificity and treatment group size, and effectiveness to prevent cervical cancer. A 4-type combination (16, 18, 35, 45) could potentially prevent 77.6% (95% CI: 71.2-84.0) of cervical cancer burden by treating 20% and detecting 41.1% of CIN3 cases in the study group. Similarly, a 6-type combination (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45), treating 25% and including 62% of CIN3 cases, might prevent 85% of cervical cancer cases (95% CI: 79.6-90.6) among HIV-positive and negative women. CONCLUSION Employing mRNA HPV tests within a test-and-treat approach holds huge promise for targeted cervical cancer prevention in under-screened populations. Testing for mRNA of the 6 highest-risk HPV types in this population and treating them all is projected to effectively prevent progression from CIN3 to invasive cervical cancer while reducing overtreatment in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthys H. Botha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (M.H.B.); (H.v.d.M.)
| | - Leon Cornelius Snyman
- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (L.C.S.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Haynes van der Merwe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7505, South Africa; (M.H.B.); (H.v.d.M.)
| | - Cathy Visser
- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (L.C.S.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
| | - Karin Richter
- Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa;
| | - Greta Dreyer
- Gynaecological Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (L.C.S.); (C.V.); (G.D.)
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Ye X, Zhang P, Tao J, Wang JCK, Mafi A, Grob NM, Quartararo AJ, Baddock HT, Chan LJG, McAllister FE, Foe I, Loas A, Eaton DL, Hao Q, Nile AH, Pentelute BL. Discovery of reactive peptide inhibitors of human papillomavirus oncoprotein E6. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12484-12497. [PMID: 38020382 PMCID: PMC10646941 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02782a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections account for nearly all cervical cancer cases, which is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. High-risk variants, including HPV16, drive tumorigenesis in part by promoting the degradation of the tumor suppressor p53. This degradation is mediated by the HPV early protein 6 (E6), which recruits the E3 ubiquitin ligase E6AP and redirects its activity towards ubiquitinating p53. Targeting the protein interaction interface between HPV E6 and E6AP is a promising modality to mitigate HPV-mediated degradation of p53. In this study, we designed a covalent peptide inhibitor, termed reactide, that mimics the E6AP LXXLL binding motif by selectively targeting cysteine 58 in HPV16 E6 with quantitative conversion. This reactide provides a starting point in the development of covalent peptidomimetic inhibitors for intervention against HPV-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyun Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Peiyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Jason Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - John C K Wang
- Calico Life Sciences LLC 1170 Veterans Boulevard South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Amirhossein Mafi
- Calico Life Sciences LLC 1170 Veterans Boulevard South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Nathalie M Grob
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Anthony J Quartararo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Hannah T Baddock
- Calico Life Sciences LLC 1170 Veterans Boulevard South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Leanne J G Chan
- Calico Life Sciences LLC 1170 Veterans Boulevard South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Fiona E McAllister
- Calico Life Sciences LLC 1170 Veterans Boulevard South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Ian Foe
- Calico Life Sciences LLC 1170 Veterans Boulevard South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Andrei Loas
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Dan L Eaton
- Calico Life Sciences LLC 1170 Veterans Boulevard South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Qi Hao
- Calico Life Sciences LLC 1170 Veterans Boulevard South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Aaron H Nile
- Calico Life Sciences LLC 1170 Veterans Boulevard South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Bradley L Pentelute
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 500 Main Street Cambridge MA 02142 USA
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard 415 Main Street Cambridge MA 02142 USA
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42
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Meng W, Schreiber RD, Lichti CF. Recent advances in immunopeptidomic-based tumor neoantigen discovery. Adv Immunol 2023; 160:1-36. [PMID: 38042584 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
The role of aberrantly expressed proteins in tumors in driving immune-mediated control of cancer has been well documented for more than five decades. Today, we know that both aberrantly expressed normal proteins as well as mutant proteins (neoantigens) can function as tumor antigens in both humans and mice. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) technologies have made significant advances since the early 2010s, enabling detection of rare but clinically relevant neoantigens recognized by T cells. MS profiling of tumor-specific immunopeptidomes remains the most direct method to identify mutant peptides bound to cellular MHC. However, the need for use of large numbers of cells or significant amounts of tumor tissue to achieve neoantigen detection has historically limited the application of MS. Newer, more sensitive MS technologies have recently demonstrated the capacities to detect neoantigens from fewer cells. Here, we highlight recent advancements in immunopeptidomics-based characterization of tumor-specific neoantigens. Various tumor antigen categories and neoantigen identification approaches are also discussed. Furthermore, we summarize recent reports that achieved successful tumor neoantigen detection by MS using a variety of starting materials, MS acquisition modes, and novel ion mobility devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Meng
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Robert D Schreiber
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States.
| | - Cheryl F Lichti
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States.
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43
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Dong S, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Role of extracellular vesicle in human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16203-16212. [PMID: 37668793 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is a gynecological malignant tumor and a serious threat to women's health. Although human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the occurrence of cervical cancer are known to be closely related, the underlying carcinogenic mechanism of HPV is not fully understood. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are found in a variety of body fluids and play an important role in both intercellular communication and cancer progression. Furthermore, the presence of EVs makes liquid biopsy of cervical cancer possible. The study of EVs in cervical cancer can provide clinical ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this article is to summarizes the role of EV contents in HPV-associated cervical cancer and discusses the possible clinical application of EVs in cervical cancer treatment. METHODS The search terms included the following: HPV with cervical cancer and extracellular vesicles. The initial literature search ended on March 1, 2023. CONCLUSIONS In HPV-positive cervical cancer, EV contents are changed due to the presence of HPV. HPV-positive cervical cancer affects the cell microenvironment and other surrounding cells through the secretion of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiang Dong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Shinan District, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255036, China.
| | - Yankui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Shinan District, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Giudice E, Mirza MR, Lorusso D. Advances in the Management of Recurrent Cervical Cancer: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Curr Oncol Rep 2023; 25:1307-1326. [PMID: 37870697 PMCID: PMC10640496 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-023-01463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to give an insight into the currently available options for recurrent/metastatic (R/M) cervical cancer (CC), along with the main future, potentially practice-changing perspectives in this field. RECENT FINDINGS Improvements in terms of tumor responses were observed with the use of immune checkpoints inhibitors (ICIs) in the previously treated CC population, followed by emerging striking data in terms of both antitumor activity and survival rates with the addition of the ICIs to platinum-based chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab in the first-line setting. Furthermore, the CC treatment landscape took another step forward in 2021 with the introduction of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in the second-line setting, a highly targeted therapeutic strategy, which demonstrated to be a valid alternative option in the recurrent setting. R/M CC is a hard-to-treat disease. However, after several years of limited systemic therapeutic options for the recurrent setting, the year 2018 marked a turning point for R/M CC patients, with the introduction of immunotherapy in the treatment paradigm, which completely reshaped the therapeutic armamentarium of the disease. Besides, another valuable treatment option represented by ADCs demonstrated its efficacy in the recurrent setting, thus further widening the treatment landscape for those patients. Yet, the introduction of immunotherapy in the upfront setting brought along new issues to be addressed such as the emerging ICIs resistance and the following need for alternative options in the post-ICIs setting. Several innovative therapeutic strategies are under investigation in ongoing clinical trials, with the aim of overcoming ICIs resistance with the addition of immunomodulatory agents or bypassing the ICIs resistance with novel alternative drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Giudice
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Mansoor Raza Mirza
- Department of Cancer Treatment, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Domenica Lorusso
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Woman, Child and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
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Mack ZE, Caserta LC, Renshaw RW, Nakagun S, Gerdes RS, Diel DG, Childs-Sanford SE, Peters-Kennedy J. Histopathologic and molecular characterization of Erethizon dorsatum papillomavirus 1 and Erethizon dorsatum papillomavirus 2 infection in North American porcupines ( Erethizon dorsatum). Vet Pathol 2023; 60:898-904. [PMID: 37264637 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231176564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Erethizon dorsatum papillomavirus 1 (EdPV1) and Erethizon dorsatum papillomavirus 2 (EdPV2) are associated with cutaneous papillomas in North American porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum). This study defined gross, histopathologic, and molecular characteristics of viral papillomas in 10 North American porcupines submitted to the New York State Animal Health Diagnostic Center. Investigation for the presence of EdPV1 and EdPV2 DNA via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed in 9 of the 10 (90.0%) porcupines, and all porcupines were investigated for the detection and localization of EdPV1 and EdPV2 E6 and E7 nucleic acid via chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed in 2 porcupines. Papillomas were diagnosed on the muzzle (n = 4), caudal dorsum (n = 1), upper lip (n = 1), chin (n = 1), gingiva (n = 2), and nasal planum (n = 1). Histologically, the lesions consisted of hyperplastic epidermis or epithelium with orthokeratotic keratin, prominent keratohyalin granules, and intranuclear inclusion bodies. PCR identified EdPV1 in 6 of 9 samples and EdPV2 in the remaining 3 samples. NGS resulted in 100% genome coverage of EdPV1 and 76.20% genome coverage of EdPV2 compared with GenBank reference sequences, with 99.8% sequence identity to the complete EdPV2 L1 gene of a novel subtype recently identified in France. Hybridization patterns in 9 of the 10 (90.0%) porcupines were characterized by strong nuclear signals in the superficial epidermis, with strong nuclear and punctate cytoplasmic signals in the stratum spinosum and basale. In one animal, CISH suggested dual EdPV1 and EdPV2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe E Mack
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY
| | | | | | - Shotaro Nakagun
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
| | - Rhea S Gerdes
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
| | - Diego G Diel
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY
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Zhang Y, Li H, Li X, Li Z, You Q, Liu H, Zhao Z, Su Y, Zheng X, Chen Y, Chen J, Yi H. Associations of multi-human papillomavirus infections with expression of p16 in a cohort of women who underwent colposcopy: a retrospective study of 5165 patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1265726. [PMID: 37965476 PMCID: PMC10641385 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1265726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Investigate HPV types in cervical specimens, their correlation with p16 expression in lesions, and diagnostic value for cervical lesions. Enhance clinical diagnosis reliability. Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study at Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital's Cervical Disease Center (Jun 2019-Dec 2021). Patients with abnormal cervical screening underwent colposcopy and conization. Pathological diagnosis based on colposcopy, cervical biopsy, ECC, and conization. Analyzed HPV genotyping (18 HR-HPV, 5 LR-HPV) and p16 expression correlation. Statistical analysis used R software. Results he expression of p16 is significantly associated with the infection of high-risk HPV types, such as 16, 33, 52, and 58, with an increased risk of 1.4 times or higher (OR=1.91, 3.14, 1.40, and 1.78, respectively). The risk of p16 expression increased 4-fold for multiple high-risk HPV types [adjusted OR (95% CI) = 4 (2.92~5.5), P-value <0.001]. Compared to the p16(-) group, the p16(+) group had a higher association with cervical lesions worse than HSIL (High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions).In the group with multiple Human Papillomavirus Infections with types 16, 33, 52, and 58, the risk of cervical lesions worse than HSIL increased by up to 660-fold compared to the negative group (adjusted OR=660.62, 95% CI: 91.39~4775.53, P<0.001), indicating that this combination of HPV types posed the greatest risk for cervical lesions above HSIL. Conclusions p16 plays a crucial role in cervical lesion progression, linked to high-risk HPV. Combining p16 with HPV screening improves cervical cancer detection. Studying multiple HPV infections will enhance prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zelong Li
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qianru You
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanwen Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiyan Zhao
- Integrated Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Yanzhao Su
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiangqin Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yusha Chen
- Cervical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Health Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiancui Chen
- Cervical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Health Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huan Yi
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Idrees S, Paudel KR, Sadaf T, Hansbro PM. How different viruses perturb host cellular machinery via short linear motifs. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:1113-1128. [PMID: 38054205 PMCID: PMC10694346 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The virus interacts with its hosts by developing protein-protein interactions. Most viruses employ protein interactions to imitate the host protein: A viral protein with the same amino acid sequence or structure as the host protein attaches to the host protein's binding partner and interferes with the host protein's pathways. Being opportunistic, viruses have evolved to manipulate host cellular mechanisms by mimicking short linear motifs. In this review, we shed light on the current understanding of mimicry via short linear motifs and focus on viral mimicry by genetically different viral subtypes by providing recent examples of mimicry evidence and how high-throughput methods can be a reliable source to study SLiM-mediated viral mimicry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Idrees
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and the University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and the University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tayyaba Sadaf
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and the University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and the University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Sasivimolrattana T, Chaiwongkot A, Bhattarakosol P. HPV16E1 downregulation altered the cell characteristics involved in cervical cancer development. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18217. [PMID: 37880374 PMCID: PMC10600143 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary causes of cervical cancer are human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) and/or other high-risk (Hr -) HPV infections. Hr-HPVE5, E6, and E7 have been identified as oncoproteins that play roles in the development of cancer. However, other HPV proteins, especially E1, may also be involved in cancer development. In this study, the role of HPV16E1 in cervical carcinogenesis was examined by siRNA knockdown experiments using SiHa cells as a model. The results showed that HPV16E1 regulated P-FOXO3a and HPV16E7 expression. Various cell functions associated with the hallmarks of cancer, including cell viability, colony formation, invasion, and anchorage-independent cell growth, were altered when HPV16E1 was downregulated. However, no effect on cell migration and apoptosis properties was found. Moreover, HPV16E1 downregulation resulted in an increase in cisplatin susceptibility. In conclusion, this is the first demonstration that HPV16E1 might be regarded as a possible novel oncoprotein involved in several processes related to oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanayod Sasivimolrattana
- Medical Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Arkom Chaiwongkot
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Parvapan Bhattarakosol
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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49
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Hu C, Liu J, Cheng F, Bai Y, Mao Q, Xu M, Liang Z. Amplifying mRNA vaccines: potential versatile magicians for oncotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1261243. [PMID: 37936701 PMCID: PMC10626473 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1261243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer vaccines drive the activation and proliferation of tumor-reactive immune cells, thereby eliciting tumor-specific immunity that kills tumor cells. Accordingly, they possess immense potential in cancer treatment. However, such vaccines are also faced with challenges related to their design and considerable differences among individual tumors. The success of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 has prompted the application of mRNA vaccine technology platforms to the field of oncotherapy. These platforms include linear, circular, and amplifying mRNA vaccines. In particular, amplifying mRNA vaccines are characterized by high-level and prolonged antigen gene expression at low doses. They can also stimulate specific cellular immunity, making them highly promising in cancer vaccine research. In this review, we summarize the research progress in amplifying mRNA vaccines and provide an outlook of their prospects and future directions in oncotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoying Hu
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC), Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyang Liu
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC), Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Feiran Cheng
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC), Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC), Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Qunying Mao
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC), Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC), Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenglun Liang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Health Commission (NHC), Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
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Han X, Gao Z, Cheng Y, Wu S, Chen J, Zhang W. A Therapeutic DNA Vaccine Targeting HPV16 E7 in Combination with Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Enhanced Tumor Regression and Cytotoxic Immune Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15469. [PMID: 37895145 PMCID: PMC10607554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) and the expression of E6 and E7 oncoproteins are the main causes of cervical cancer. Several prophylactic HPV vaccines are used in the clinic, but these vaccines have limited efficacy in patients already infected with HPV. Since HPV E7 is vital for tumor-specific immunity, developing a vaccine against HPV E7 is an attractive strategy for cervical cancer treatment. Here, we constructed an HPV16 E7 mutant that loses the ability to bind pRb while still eliciting a robust immune response. In order to build a therapeutic DNA vaccine, the E7 mutant was packaged in an adenovirus vector (Ad-E7) for efficient expression and enhanced immunogenicity of the vaccine. Our results showed that the Ad-E7 vaccine effectively inhibited tumor growth and increased the proportion of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ)-secreting CD8+ T cells in the spleen, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in a mouse cervical cancer model was achieved by injecting with HPV16-E6/E7-expressing TC-1 cells subcutaneously. Combining the Ad-E7 vaccine with the PD-1/PD-L1 antibody blockade significantly improved the control of TC-1 tumors. Combination therapy elicited stronger cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses, and IFN-γ secretion downregulated the proportion of Tregs and MDSCs significantly. The expressions of cancer-promoting factors, such as TNF-α, were also significantly down-regulated in the case of combination therapy. In addition, combination therapy inhibited the number of capillaries in tumor tissues and increased the thickness of the tumor capsule. Thus, Ad-E7 vaccination, in combination with an immune checkpoint blockade, may benefit patients with HPV16-associated cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Weifang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; (X.H.); (Z.G.); (Y.C.); (S.W.); (J.C.)
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