1
|
Cintado E, Tezanos P, De Las Casas M, Muela P, McGreevy KR, Fontán-Lozano Á, Sacristán-Horcajada E, Pignatelli J, de Ceballos ML, Del Hierro MJ, Fernández-Punzano J, Montoliu L, Trejo JL. Grandfathers-to-Grandsons Transgenerational Transmission of Exercise Positive Effects on Cognitive Performance. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e2061232024. [PMID: 38719448 PMCID: PMC11154851 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2061-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is a robust lifestyle intervention known for its enhancement of cognitive abilities. Nevertheless, the extent to which these benefits can be transmitted across generations (intergenerational inheritance to F1, and transgenerational to F2 and beyond) remains a topic of limited comprehension. We have already shown that cognitive improvements resulting from physical exercise can be inherited from parents to their offspring, proving intergenerational effects. So, we set out to explore whether these enhancements might extend transgenerationally, impacting the F2 generation. In this study, we initially examined the behavioral traits of second generation (F2) male mice, whose grandfathers (F0) had an exercise intervention. Our findings revealed that F2 mice with physically active grandpaternal F0 progenitors displayed significantly improved memory recall, encompassing both spatial and non-spatial information when compared to their counterparts from sedentary F0 progenitors, and proving for the first time the transgenerational inheritance of physical exercise induced cognitive enhancement. Surprisingly, while F2 memory improved (as was the case with F1), adult hippocampal neurogenesis remained unchanged between experimental and control groups (unlike in F1). Additionally, our analysis of small RNA sequences in the hippocampus identified 35 differentially expressed miRNAs linked to important brain function categories. Notably, two of these miRNAs, miRNA-144 and miRNA-298, displayed a robust negative correlation with cognitive performance. These findings highlight the enduring transgenerational transmission of cognitive benefits associated with exercise, even after two generations, suggesting that moderate exercise training can have lasting positive effects, possibly orchestrated by a specific set of miRNAs that exert their influence across multiple generations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cintado
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, Autónoma de Madrid University-Cajal Institute, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Patricia Tezanos
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, Autónoma de Madrid University-Cajal Institute, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Manuela De Las Casas
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, CSIC-UMH, Alicante 03550, Spain
| | - Pablo Muela
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, Autónoma de Madrid University-Cajal Institute, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Kerry R McGreevy
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid 28049, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ángela Fontán-Lozano
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
- Department of Physiology, School of Biology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla 41012, Spain
| | - Eva Sacristán-Horcajada
- Laboratory of Omic Technologies and Bioinformatics, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Jaime Pignatelli
- Laboratory of Omic Technologies and Bioinformatics, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - María L de Ceballos
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - María Jesús Del Hierro
- National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid 28049, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Julia Fernández-Punzano
- National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid 28049, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Lluís Montoliu
- National Centre for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid 28049, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER-ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - José Luis Trejo
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mustafa AI, Beltran-Najera I, Evans D, Bartlett A, Dotson VM, Woods SP. Implications of vascular depression for successful cognitive aging in HIV Disease. J Neurovirol 2024:10.1007/s13365-024-01201-2. [PMID: 38546936 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-024-01201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Although older adults with HIV are at high risk for mild neurocognitive disorders, a subset experience successful cognitive aging (SCA). HIV is associated with an increased risk of vascular depression (VasDep), which can affect cognitive and daily functioning. The current study examined whether VasDep impedes SCA among older adults with HIV. 136 persons with HIV aged 50 years and older were classified as either SCA+ (n = 37) or SCA- (n = 99) based on a battery of demographically adjusted neurocognitive tests and self-reported cognitive symptoms. Participants were also stratified on the presence of vascular disease (e.g., hypertension) and current depression as determined by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the Depression/Dejection scale of the Profile of Mood States. A Cochran-Armitage test revealed a significant additive effect of vascular disease and depression on SCA in this sample of older adults with HIV (z = 4.13, p <.0001). Individuals with VasDep had the lowest frequency of SCA+ (0%), which differed significantly from the group with only vascular disease (30%, OR = 0.04, CI = 0.002,0.68)) and the group with neither vascular disease nor depression (47% OR = 0.02, CI = 0.33,0.001). Findings were not confounded by demographics, HIV disease severity, or other psychiatric and medical factors (ps > 0.05). These data suggest that presence of VasDep may be a barrier to SCA in older adults with HIV disease. Prospective, longitudinal studies with neuroimaging-based operationalizations of VasDep are needed to further clarify this risk factor's role in the maintenance of cognitive and brain health in persons with HIV disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea I Mustafa
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd, 126 Heyne Bldg (Ste. 239d), Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Ilex Beltran-Najera
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd, 126 Heyne Bldg (Ste. 239d), Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Darrian Evans
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd, 126 Heyne Bldg (Ste. 239d), Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Alexandria Bartlett
- Department of Psychology and c Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5010, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA
| | - Vonetta M Dotson
- Department of Psychology and c Gerontology Institute, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5010, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA
| | - Steven Paul Woods
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd, 126 Heyne Bldg (Ste. 239d), Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Speh A, Kramberger MG, Winblad B, Bäckman L, Qiu C, Laukka EJ. Change in cardiovascular health and rate of cognitive decline in older adults: a 15-year population-based study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:263. [PMID: 38500037 PMCID: PMC10949596 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research on associations between cardiovascular health, measured at a single timepoint, and rate of age-related cognitive decline shows divergent findings dependent on the participants' age and the health metric studied. The aim of this study was to add to the knowledge in this field by investigating whether change in cardiovascular health, assessed with Life's Simple 7 (LS7) score, is associated with rate of cognitive change in young-old and old-old adults. METHODS The study included 1022 participants aged ≥ 60 years from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care-Kungsholmen (SNAC-K), who underwent repeated neuropsychological testing (episodic memory, semantic memory, verbal fluency, and perceptual speed) across up to 15 years. LS7, composed of seven cardiovascular health metrics (smoking, diet, physical activity, body mass index, plasma glucose, total serum cholesterol, and blood pressure), was assessed at baseline and at the 6-year follow-up. Change in LS7 was calculated as the difference between baseline and 6 years (range - 5 to 8 points) and categorised into worse (-5 to -2 points), stable (-1 to 1 points), and improved (2 to 8 points). Change in cognitive performance as a function of LS7 change categories was estimated using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS Participants were classified as stable (67.1%), improved (21.0%), or worse (11.8%) according to changes in LS7 score. Both the worse and improved categories were associated with faster cognitive decline. Age-stratified analyses revealed that worsening of LS7 was clearly associated with faster cognitive decline in the old-old (≥ 78 years), whereas improvement tended be associated with faster cognitive decline in the young-old (< 78 years) group. CONCLUSIONS Change in cardiovascular health in old age may lead to accelerated cognitive decline, particularly in late senescence. These results suggest that it is important to monitor and maintain cardiovascular health status in very old adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreja Speh
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet- Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Milica G Kramberger
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Lars Bäckman
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet- Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chengxuan Qiu
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet- Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erika J Laukka
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet- Stockholm University, Tomtebodavägen 18A, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Solis-Urra P, Arroyo-Ávila C, Álvarez-Ortega M, Molina-García P, Molina-Hidalgo C, Gómez-Río M, Brown B, Erickson KI, Esteban-Cornejo I. Physical activity and amyloid beta in middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:133-144. [PMID: 37558161 PMCID: PMC10980893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the pathological hallmarks distinguishing Alzheimer's disease from other dementias is the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ). Higher physical activity is associated with decreased dementia risk, and one potential path could be through Aβ levels modulation. We aimed to explore the relationship between physical activity and Aβ in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and SPORTDiscus was performed from inception to April 28, 2022. Studies were eligible if they included physical activity and Aβ data in adults aged 45 years or older. Multi-level meta-analyses of intervention and observational studies were performed to examine the role of physical activity in modulating Aβ levels. RESULTS In total, 37 articles were included (8 randomized controlled trials, 3 non-randomized controlled trials, 4 prospective longitudinal studies, and 22 cross-sectional studies). The overall effect size of physical activity interventions on changes in blood Aβ was medium (pooled standardized mean difference = -0.69, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): -1.41 to 0.03; I2 = 74.6%). However, these results were not statistically significant, and there were not enough studies to explore the effects of physical activity on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain Aβ. Data from observational studies were examined based on measurements of Aβ in the brain using positron emission tomography scans, CSF, and blood. Higher physical activity was positively associated with Aβ only in the CSF (Estimate r = 0.12; 95%CI: 0.05-0.18; I2 = 38.00%). CONCLUSION Physical activity might moderately reduce blood Aβ in middle-aged and older adults. However, results were only near statistical significance and might be interpreted with caution given the methodological limitations observed in some of the included studies. In observational studies, higher levels of physical activity were positively associated with Aβ only in CSF. Therefore, further research is needed to understand the modulating role of physical activity in the brain, CSF, and blood Aβ, as well as its implication for cognitive health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Rodriguez-Ayllon
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, GD 3015, the Netherlands
| | - Patricio Solis-Urra
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2531015, Chile; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Institute of Biosanitary Research of Granada (IBS), Granada 18014, Spain
| | - Cristina Arroyo-Ávila
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Miriam Álvarez-Ortega
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Pablo Molina-García
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Institute of Biosanitary Research of Granada (IBS), Granada 18014, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Gómez-Río
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Institute of Biosanitary Research of Granada (IBS), Granada 18014, Spain
| | - Belinda Brown
- Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; Centre for Healthy Ageing, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; Advent Health Research Institute, Neuroscience Institute Orlando, Orlando, FL 32803, USA
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Research Center (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid 28029, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pucci V, La Face A, Gasteiger-Klicpera B, Mondini S. Cognitive reserve proxies for individuals with intellectual developmental disability: A scoping review. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13204. [PMID: 38361365 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive reserve (CR) has not been studied in people with Intellectual Developmental Disability, a population with a high incidence of dementia. Commonly adopted CR proxies should be adapted to reflect more specifically the experiences of people with Intellectual Developmental Disability. METHOD This scoping review intended to identify CR proxies relevant to people with this condition. RESULTS Some of these were the same already detected in a population without intellectual disabilities (education, occupation, physical activity, leisure, community and social activities); others were found to be specifically relevant for this population: type of schooling, parental educational level, environmental stimulation and living place. CONCLUSIONS These proxies need to be considered in studies on CR and Intellectual Developmental Disability and in clinical practice. Research on the protective effect of CR aims to encourage policies promoting lifestyle-based educational and preventive interventions and overcome participation barriers for people with Intellectual Developmental Disability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Pucci
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
- Human Inspired Technology Centre (HIT), University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Annalisa La Face
- Inclusive Education Unit, Institute of Education Research and Teacher Education, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Gasteiger-Klicpera
- Inclusive Education Unit, Institute of Education Research and Teacher Education, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sara Mondini
- Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education and Applied Psychology, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
- Human Inspired Technology Centre (HIT), University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Makino K, Raina P, Griffith LE, Lee S, Harada K, Katayama O, Tomida K, Morikawa M, Yamaguchi R, Nishijima C, Fujii K, Misu Y, Shimada H. Lifetime Physical Activity and Late-Life Mild Cognitive Impairment in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:488-493.e3. [PMID: 38246592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Regular physical activity throughout life is generally recommended to prevent dementia; however, there is little evidence regarding the association between lifetime physical activity and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which often precedes dementia. This study aimed to examine the association of lifetime physical activity and their transitions with late-life MCI. DESIGN A population-based case-control study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 2968 Japanese community-dwelling older adults aged ≥70 years without dementia. METHODS We evaluated the participants' early-, mid-, and late-life physical activity habits and categorized their transitions across life stages. Cognitive functions in late life were assessed for memory, attention, executive function, and processing speed; functional impairment in one or more cognitive domains was defined as MCI. RESULTS Regular physical activity in early life was not significantly associated with late-life MCI [odds ratio (OR), 0.80; 95% CI, 0.63-1.02], although those in mid-life (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.51-0.81) and late-life (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59-0.91) were associated with lower odds of late-life MCI. Compared with nonexercisers, participants who acquired new habits of physical activity during mid- or late-life (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.55-0.91) and those who maintained physical activity throughout their life span (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42-0.87) had lower odds of late-life MCI; those who stopped regular activity during mid- or late-life did not (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.58-1.06). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS While physical activity throughout the life span is associated with the lowest odds of MCI, starting regular physical activity, even later in life, confers a benefit and should be encouraged as a "lifelong approach" to MCI risk reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan; McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Parminder Raina
- McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Labarge Centre for Mobility in Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren E Griffith
- McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Labarge Centre for Mobility in Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamaguchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Chiharu Nishijima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujii
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Yuka Misu
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Moniruzzaman M, Kadota A, Hisamatsu T, Segawa H, Kondo K, Torii S, Miyagawa N, Fujiyoshi A, Yano Y, Watanabe Y, Shiino A, Nozaki K, Ueshima H, Miura K. Relationship between Serum Irisin Levels and MRI-Measured Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Japanese Men. J Atheroscler Thromb 2023; 30:1045-1056. [PMID: 36384910 PMCID: PMC10406628 DOI: 10.5551/jat.63824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Irisin, an exercise-induced myokine, is a potential neurotrophic factor; however, its relationship with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) remains unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether serum irisin levels are associated with CSVD in healthy Japanese men. METHODS We analyzed data from 720 men free of stroke and participated in this observational study. Serum irisin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CSVD was assessed on deep and subcortical white matter hyperintensities (DSWMHs), periventricular hyperintensities (PVHs), lacunar infarcts (LIs), and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) on brain magnetic resonance imaging. We calculated the total CSVD score (ranges 0-4) to express the total CSVD burden. We computed the adjusted odds ratios (ORs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), of the total CSVD score and individual CSVD features using logistic regression models according to the quartiles of irisin (reference: Q1). RESULTS Serum irisin levels were associated with lower ORs of higher (vs. zero or lower score) total CSVD score, with the lowest risk (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.41-0.97) being observed in Q3 compared to Q1 after adjustment of potential covariates. Similar results were obtained for younger adults (<65 years). Among individual CSVD features, irisin was associated with a reduced risk of LIs in the total sample and PVHs, LIs, and CMBs in younger adults. No relationship was observed in older adults (≥ 65 years). CONCLUSIONS Serum irisin levels were associated with less burden of total CSVD in healthy Japanese men. Serum irisin levels were also related with a reduced risk of PVHs, LIs, and CMBs, but not DSWMHs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moniruzzaman
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center (NERC), Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Aya Kadota
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center (NERC), Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyoshi Segawa
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center (NERC), Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Keiko Kondo
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Sayuki Torii
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Naoko Miyagawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Fujiyoshi
- Department of Hygiene, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yano
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center (NERC), Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Akihiko Shiino
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nozaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Ueshima
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center (NERC), Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Miura
- NCD Epidemiology Research Center (NERC), Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mustafa AI, Beltran-Najera I, Evans D, Bartlett A, Dotson VM, Woods SP. Implications of Vascular Depression for Successful Cognitive Aging in HIV disease. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3154022. [PMID: 37577512 PMCID: PMC10418560 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3154022/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Although older adults with HIV are at high risk for mild neurocognitive disorders, a subset experience successful cognitive aging (SCA). HIV is associated with an increased risk of vascular depression (VasDep), which can affect cognitive and daily functioning. The current study examined whether VasDep impedes SCA among older adults with HIV. Methods 136 persons with HIV aged 50 years and older were classified as either SCA+ (n=37) or SCA- (n=99) based on a battery of demographically adjusted neurocognitive tests and self-reported cognitive symptoms. Participants were also stratified on the presence of vascular disease (e.g., hypertension) and current depression as determined by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the Depression/Dejection scale of the Profile of Mood States. Results A Cochran-Armitage test revealed a significant additive effect of vascular disease and depression on SCA in this sample of older adults with HIV (z=4.13, p<.0001). Individuals with VasDep had the lowest frequency of SCA+ (0%), which differed significantly from the group with only vascular disease (30%, OR=0.04, CI=0.002,0.68)) and the group with neither vascular disease nor depression (47% OR =0.02, CI=0.33,0.001). Findings were not confounded by demographics, HIV disease severity, or other psychiatric and medical factors (ps>.05). Discussion These data suggest that presence of VasDep may be a barrier to SCA in older adults with HIV disease. Prospective, longitudinal studies with neuroimaging-based operationalizations of VasDep are needed to further clarify this risk factor's role in the maintenance of cognitive and brain health in persons with HIV disease.
Collapse
|
9
|
Konwar S, Manca R, De Marco M, Soininen H, Venneri A. The effect of physical activity on white matter integrity in aging and prodromal to mild Alzheimer's disease with vascular comorbidity. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1096798. [PMID: 37520122 PMCID: PMC10382177 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1096798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity is a modifiable lifestyle factor that has been previously associated with reduced vascular burden and reduced risk of dementia. Objectives This study tested whether physical activity (i.e., being inactive vs. active) contributed to preservation of white matter microstructure in healthy aging controls and patients in prodromal to mild Alzheimer's disease with low/high vascular burden. Materials A total of 213 participants were recruited from memory clinics. They were classified as being either physically active (n = 113) or inactive (n = 100) based on the Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging and Dementia (CAIDE) questionnaire. Diffusion-weighted images were acquired for all participants and pre-processed based on a standard protocol. Methods A factorial design using voxel-wise tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was adopted, with 5,000 permutations and threshold-free cluster enhancement (TFCE), to identify significant clusters for fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AxD), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD). Results Clusters of higher FA and lower AxD, MD, and RD values were found for physically active compared with inactive participants that were widespread covering mainly association and projection tracts but also some commissural tracts. A three-way Group × Physical Activity × Vascular Burden interaction effect was found for FA mostly in a variety of projection tracts with a right predominance, and some commissural and association tracts. Post hoc analyses revealed higher FA in patients with high vascular burden who were physically active compared with those patients with high vascular burden who were inactive mainly in projection and association/limbic tracts with a right predominance. Additionally, higher FA was observed in physically active patients with high vascular burden as compared with physically inactive controls with high vascular burden, mainly in bilateral projection fibers and cerebellar regions. Conclusion Voxel-wise TBSS analysis revealed better preservation of white matter microstructure that was prominent in the high-risk group such as the patients with high vascular burden, specifically those who were physically active. The beneficial effects of physical activity on white matter microstructure were not observed in the controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srijan Konwar
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Riccardo Manca
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Matteo De Marco
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Department of Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annalena Venneri
- Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Reiss AB, Muhieddine D, Jacob B, Mesbah M, Pinkhasov A, Gomolin IH, Stecker MM, Wisniewski T, De Leon J. Alzheimer's Disease Treatment: The Search for a Breakthrough. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1084. [PMID: 37374288 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
As the search for modalities to cure Alzheimer's disease (AD) has made slow progress, research has now turned to innovative pathways involving neural and peripheral inflammation and neuro-regeneration. Widely used AD treatments provide only symptomatic relief without changing the disease course. The recently FDA-approved anti-amyloid drugs, aducanumab and lecanemab, have demonstrated unclear real-world efficacy with a substantial side effect profile. Interest is growing in targeting the early stages of AD before irreversible pathologic changes so that cognitive function and neuronal viability can be preserved. Neuroinflammation is a fundamental feature of AD that involves complex relationships among cerebral immune cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which could be altered pharmacologically by AD therapy. Here, we provide an overview of the manipulations attempted in pre-clinical experiments. These include inhibition of microglial receptors, attenuation of inflammation and enhancement of toxin-clearing autophagy. In addition, modulation of the microbiome-brain-gut axis, dietary changes, and increased mental and physical exercise are under evaluation as ways to optimize brain health. As the scientific and medical communities work together, new solutions may be on the horizon to slow or halt AD progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allison B Reiss
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Dalia Muhieddine
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Berlin Jacob
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Michael Mesbah
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Aaron Pinkhasov
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Irving H Gomolin
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | | | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Center for Cognitive Neurology, Departments of Neurology, Pathology and Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Joshua De Leon
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Almoraie NM, Shatwan IM, Althaiban MA, Hanbazaza MA, Wazzan HA, Aljefree NM. Associations between dietary intake, physical activity, and obesity among public school teachers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1081928. [PMID: 36761223 PMCID: PMC9902718 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1081928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to assess the dietary intake of certain food groups in a representative sample of public-school teachers living in Jeddah city. We also, examined the association of dietary intake with physical activity and obesity among schoolteachers. Methods The study was a cross-sectional online survey, conducted among 640 (177 male, 463 female) schoolteachers aged between 20 and 62 years old and working in public primary, intermediate, and high schools in Jeddah. Measurements included gender, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), health problems, and lifestyle behaviours, including physical activity levels, smoking status, and dietary intake. Results Based on gender, number of non-smoking women (94%) was higher than number of non-smoking men (57.1%) (P < 0.001). However, men were more active than women (P = 0.03). Regarding BMI, there were more overweight men than women, while obese women numbered more than men (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in dietary intake between men and women except that men consumed more soft drinks than women (P = 0.002). Lower physically active schoolteachers were less likely to consume salad (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9; P = 0.02), vegetables (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.3-0.9; P = 0.01), beans and legumes (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.7; P = 0.005), wholegrain bread (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9; P = 0.03), dairy products (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9; P = 0.01), snacks (OR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.2-0.8; P = 0.01), and fish (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9; P = 0.04) compared to those with high levels of physical activity. Only fruit intake was considered statistically significant (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.3-0.7; P = 0.003). The study found a relationship between the BMI of schoolteachers and food intake. Obese schoolteachers had lower consumption of fruits (OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.7; P = 0.007) and white meat (OR = 0.5, 95%CI 0.3-0.9; P = 0.03) than schoolteachers in the normal weight group. Conclusion The high prevalence of physical activity, dietary intake and body weight among Saudi teachers is a major public health concern. The present study identified several lifestyle factors associated with body weight that may represent valid targets for the prevention and management of obesity among Saudi school teachers. Promoting active lifestyles and healthy diets would be primary targets for obesity prevention.
Collapse
|
12
|
Hofman A, Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Vernooij MW, Croll PH, Luik AI, Neumann A, Niessen WJ, Ikram MA, Voortman T, Muetzel RL. Physical activity levels and brain structure in middle-aged and older adults: a bidirectional longitudinal population-based study. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 121:28-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
13
|
Güeita-Rodríguez J, Allendorfer J. Editorial: Prescription and execution of therapeutic exercise programs in neurological disorders. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3:1060516. [DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.1060516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
14
|
Preliminary results of the cross-sectional associations of sedentary behavior and physical activity with serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adults with coronary heart disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19685. [PMID: 36385629 PMCID: PMC9669050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first study to analyze the association of accelerometer-measured patterns of habitual physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with serum BDNF in individuals with coronary heart disease. A total of 30 individuals (M = 69.5 years; 80% men) participated in this pre-post study that aimed to test a multi-behavioral intervention. All participants underwent standardized measurement of anthropometric variables, blood collection, self-administered survey, and accelerometer-based measurement of PA and SB over seven days. Serum BDNF concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. We applied separate multiple linear regression analysis to estimate the associations of baseline SB pattern measures, light and moderate-to-vigorous PA with serum BDNF (n = 29). Participants spent 508.7 ± 76.5 min/d in SB, 258.5 ± 71.2 min/d in light PA, and 21.2 ± 15.2 min/d in moderate-to-vigorous PA. Per day, individuals had 15.5 ± 3.2 numbers of 10-to-30 min bouts of SB (average length: 22.2 ± 2.1 min) and 3.4 ± 1.2 numbers of > 30 min bouts of SB (average length: 43.8 ± 2.4 min). Regression analysis revealed no significant associations between any of the accelerometer-based measures and serum BDNF. The findings of this study did not reveal an association of accelerometer-measured PA and SB pattern variables with serum BDNF in individuals with coronary heart disease. In addition, our data revealed a considerable variation of PA and SB which should be considered in future studies.
Collapse
|
15
|
Petsouki E, Cabrera SNS, Heiss EH. AMPK and NRF2: Interactive players in the same team for cellular homeostasis? Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 190:75-93. [PMID: 35918013 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
NRF2 (Nuclear factor E2 p45-related factor 2) is a stress responsive transcription factor lending cells resilience against oxidative, xenobiotic, and also nutrient or proteotoxic insults. AMPK (AMP-activated kinase), considered as prime regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, not only tunes metabolism to provide the cell at any time with sufficient ATP or building blocks, but also controls redox balance and inflammation. Due to observed overlapping cellular responses upon AMPK or NRF2 activation and common stressors impinging on both AMPK and NRF2 signaling, it is plausible to assume that AMPK and NRF2 signaling may interdepend and cooperate to readjust cellular homeostasis. After a short introduction of the two players this narrative review paints the current picture on how AMPK and NRF2 signaling might interact on the molecular level, and highlights their possible crosstalk in selected examples of pathophysiology or bioactivity of drugs and phytochemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Petsouki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Shara Natalia Sosa Cabrera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences (VDS PhaNuSpo), University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Elke H Heiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Faculty of Life Sciences, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Traylor MK, Bauman AJ, Saiyasit N, Frizell CA, Hill BD, Nelson AR, Keller JL. An examination of the relationship among plasma brain derived neurotropic factor, peripheral vascular function, and body composition with cognition in midlife African Americans/Black individuals. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:980561. [PMID: 36092801 PMCID: PMC9453229 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.980561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
African American/Black individuals have been excluded from several lines of prominent neuroscience research, despite exhibiting disproportionately higher risk factors associated with the onset and magnitude of neurodegeneration. Therefore, the objective of the current investigation was to examine potential relationships among brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), peripheral vascular function, and body composition with cognition in a sample of midlife, African American/Black individuals. Midlife adults (men: n = 3, 60 ± 4 years; women: n = 9, 58 ± 5 years) were invited to complete two baseline visits separated by 4 weeks. Peripheral vascular function was determined by venous occlusion plethysmography, a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to determine body composition, and plasma was collected to quantify BDNF levels. The CNS Vital Signs computer-based test was used to provide scores on numerous cognitive domains. The principal results included that complex attention (r = 0.629) and processing speed (r = 0.734) were significantly (p < 0.05) related to the plasma BDNF values. However, there was no significant (p > 0.05) relationship between any vascular measure and any cognitive domain or BDNF value. Secondary findings included the relationship between lean mass and peak hyperemia (r = 0.758) as well as total hyperemia (r = 0.855). The major conclusion derived from these results was that there is rationale for future clinical trials to use interventions targeting increasing BDNF to potentially improve cognition. Additionally, these results strongly suggest that clinicians aiming to improve cognitive health via improvements in the known risk factor of vascular function should consider interventions capable of promoting the size and function of skeletal muscle, especially in the African American/Black population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda K. Traylor
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology (iLEAP), Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Allison J. Bauman
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Napatsorn Saiyasit
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Carl A. Frizell
- Physician Assistant Sciences Program, School of Graduate Studies and Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Benjamin D. Hill
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Amy R. Nelson
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Joshua L. Keller
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology (iLEAP), Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Joshua L. Keller, @joshkeller10
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Makino K, Lee S, Bae S, Harada K, Chiba I, Katayama O, Tomida K, Morikawa M, Yamashiro Y, Sudo M, Takayanagi N, Shimada H. Light intensity physical activity is beneficially associated with brain volume in older adults with high cardiovascular risk. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:882562. [PMID: 35911542 PMCID: PMC9326229 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.882562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundOlder people with high cardiovascular risk, including those without cardiovascular diseases, are an at-risk population for dementia. Regular physical activity is generally recommended to maintain brain health; however, the optimal intensity of physical activity for maintaining brain volume in older adults with cardiovascular risk remains unclear. We examined the associations between intensity-specific physical activity and brain volume stratified by absolute cardiovascular risk level in older adults without cardiovascular diseases.Methods and resultsThis cross-sectional study involved 725 community-dwelling older Japanese adults without cardiovascular diseases. We estimated absolute cardiovascular risk using the World Health Organization risk estimation charts, which include variables such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus, smoking, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol, and stratified cardiovascular risk level into three risk categories: low (≤ 9%), moderate (10–14%), and high (≥15%). We measured daily physical activity using a triaxial accelerometer, and calculated the average time spent in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and light intensity physical activity (LPA). We performed brain T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and calculated the volume of the cortical gray matter, subcortical gray matter, and cerebral white matter, using the FreeSurfer software. In the overall sample, multivariable linear regression analysis showed that greater MVPA was significantly associated with greater volume of the cortical gray matter and cerebral white matter, and greater LPA was significantly associated with greater volume of the cerebral white matter. Additionally, in the analysis of the sample stratified by absolute cardiovascular risk level, cerebral white matter volume was significantly associated with both MVPA and LPA in the high cardiovascular risk group.ConclusionsThe association between physical activity and brain volume differed according to cardiovascular risk level in community-dwelling older adults. In a population at high cardiovascular risk, maintaining or increasing LPA might be a practical and achievable strategy for healthy brain aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keitaro Makino
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Keitaro Makino
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Seongryu Bae
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kenji Harada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Ippei Chiba
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Osamu Katayama
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Masanori Morikawa
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | | | - Motoki Sudo
- Tokyo Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lattanzi D, Savelli D, Pagliarini M, Cuppini R, Ambrogini P. Short-Term, Voluntary Exercise Affects Morpho-Functional Maturation of Adult-Generated Neurons in Rat Hippocampus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126866. [PMID: 35743307 PMCID: PMC9224999 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is a well-proven neurogenic stimulus, promoting neuronal progenitor proliferation and affecting newborn cell survival. Besides, it has beneficial effects on brain health and cognition. Previously, we found that three days of physical activity in a very precocious period of adult-generated granule cell life is able to antedate the appearance of the first GABAergic synaptic contacts and increase T-type Ca2+ channel expression. Considering the role of GABA and Ca2+ in fostering neuronal maturation, in this study, we used short-term, voluntary exercise on a running wheel to investigate if it is able to induce long-term morphological and synaptic changes in newborn neurons. Using adult male rats, we found that: (i) three days of voluntary physical exercise can definitively influence the morpho-functional maturation process of newborn granule neurons when applied very early during their development; (ii) a significant percentage of new neurons show more mature morphological characteristics far from the end of exercise protocol; (iii) the long-term morphological effects result in enhanced synaptic plasticity. Present findings demonstrate that the morpho-functional changes induced by exercise on very immature adult-generated neurons are permanent, affecting the neuron maturation and integration in hippocampal circuitry. Our data contribute to underpinning the beneficial potential of physical activity on brain health, also performed for short times.
Collapse
|
19
|
Da Silva JL, Agbangla NF, Le Page C, Ghernout W, Andrieu B. Effects of Chronic Physical Exercise or Multicomponent Exercise Programs on the Mental Health and Cognition of Older Adults Living in a Nursing Home: A Systematic Review of Studies From the Past 10 Years. Front Psychol 2022; 13:888851. [PMID: 35645927 PMCID: PMC9136454 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.888851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Some nursing homes for the elderly provide holistic care that integrates several interventions, including physical exercise. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize the effects of physical exercise or multicomponent exercise programs on the mental health (wellbeing, anxiety and depression) and cognitive functions of older adults with/without dementia who live in a nursing home and do/do not require wheelchair assistance. To this end, PubMed, PsycInfo and Web of Science are using to identify clinical trials and randomized controlled studies conducted during the period January 2011 to December 2021 to examine the progression of research in this field over the past ten years. In total, 2597 articles are identifying and 21 are including in the systematic review. After selecting articles according to the PRISMA standards, the data extraction and methodological quality assessment of the eligible studies are performing individually by two reviewers and then pooled together. The synthesis of the studies shows that physical exercise or multicomponent exercise programs have a beneficial effect on mental health and cognitive functions. However, this effect is more common among older adults without dementia, compared to their counterparts who have dementia or use wheelchairs. The explanatory mechanisms, lack of benefits from physical exercise and the need to standardize methods are discussing in this regard. Finally, future studies must examine the effects of an innovative and adaptive physical activity program on the mental health and cognitive functions of older adults living in nursing homes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Leonardo Da Silva
- Institut des Sciences du Sport-Santé de Paris (URP 3625), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Maison de Retraite Villa Jules Janin, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Jason Leonardo Da Silva
| | - Nounagnon Frutueux Agbangla
- Institut des Sciences du Sport-Santé de Paris (URP 3625), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Laboratory URePSSS – SHERPAS (ULR 7369), Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Univ. Lille, UFR STAPS, Liévin, France
- Nounagnon Frutueux Agbangla
| | - Christine Le Page
- Institut des Sciences du Sport-Santé de Paris (URP 3625), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Bernard Andrieu
- Institut des Sciences du Sport-Santé de Paris (URP 3625), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Health Behaviors of Austrian Secondary School Teachers and Principals at a Glance: First Results of the From Science 2 School Study Focusing on Sports Linked to Mixed, Vegetarian, and Vegan Diets. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14051065. [PMID: 35268041 PMCID: PMC8912656 DOI: 10.3390/nu14051065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle behaviors are key contributors to sustainable health and well-being over the lifespan. The analysis of health-related behaviors is crucial for understanding the state of health in different populations, especially teachers who play a critical role in establishing the lifelong health behaviors of their pupils. This multidisciplinary, nationwide study aimed to assess and compare lifestyle patterns of Austrian teachers and school principals at secondary levels I and II with a specific focus on physical activity and diet. A total number of 1350 teachers (1.5% of the eligible Austrian sample; 69.7% females; 37.7% from urban areas; mean age: 45.8 ± 11.4 years; mean BMI: 24.2 ± 4.0) completed a standardized online survey following an epidemiological approach. Across the total sample, 34.4% were overweight/obese with a greater prevalence of overweight/obesity in males than females (49.5% vs. 29.2%, p < 0.01) and rural vs. urban environments (35.9% vs. 31.3%). Most participants (89.3%) reported a mixed diet, while 7.9% and 2.9% were vegetarians and vegans, respectively. The average BMI of teachers with mixed diets (24.4 ± 4.0 kg/m2) was significantly higher than vegetarians (23.1 ± 3.2 kg/m2) and vegans (22.7 ± 4.3 kg/m2). Vegans reported a lower level of alcohol intake (p < 0.05) among dietary groups. There was no between-group difference in smoking (p > 0.05). The prevalence of engagement in regular physical activity was 88.7% for leisure-time sports/exercises and 29.2% for club sports. Compared with the previous reports on general populations, the present data suggest an acceptable overall health status among Austrian teachers.
Collapse
|