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Wen Z, Kang Y, Zhang Y, Yang H, Xie B. Disrupted voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity in congenital nystagmus using resting-state fMRI. Neuroreport 2023; 34:315-322. [PMID: 36966812 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Idiopathic congenital nystagmus (CN) is a rare eye disease that can cause early blindness (EB). CN deficits are observed most frequently with oculomotor dysfunction; however, it is still unclear what neuromechanics underly CN with EB. Based on that visual experience requires the functional integration of both hemispheres, we hypothesized that CN adolescents with EB might exhibit impaired interhemispheric synchrony. Our study aimed to investigate the interhemispheric functional connectivity alterations using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) and their relationships with clinical features in CN patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 21 patients with CN and EB, and 21 sighted controls (SC), who were matched for sex, age and educational level. The 3.0 T MRI scan and ocular examination were performed. The VMHC differences were examined between the two groups, and the relationships between mean VMHC values in altered brain regions and clinical variables in the CN group were evaluated by Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS Compared with the SC group, the CN had increased VMHC values in the bilateral cerebellum posterior and anterior lobes/cerebellar tonsil/declive/pyramis/culmen/pons, middle frontal gyri (BA 10) and frontal eye field/superior frontal gyri (BA 6 and BA 8). No particular areas of the brain had lower VMHC values. Furthermore, no correlation with the duration of disease or blindness could be demonstrated in CN. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the existence of interhemispheric connectivity changes and provide further evidence for the neurological basis of CN with EB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wen
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Yan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Huaguang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
| | - Baojun Xie
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University
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Wen Z, Kang Y, Zhang Y, Yang H, Xie B. Alteration of Degree Centrality in Adolescents With Early Blindness. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:935642. [PMID: 35832871 PMCID: PMC9271564 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.935642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital nystagmus in infants and young children can lead to early blindness (EB). Previous neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that EB is accompanied by alterations in brain structure and function. However, the effects of visual impairment and critical developmental periods on brain functional connectivity at rest have been unclear. Here, we used the voxel-wise degree centrality (DC) method to explore the underlying functional network brain activity in adolescents with EB. Twenty-one patients with EBs and 21 sighted controls (SCs) underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Differences between the two groups were assessed using the DC method. Moreover, the support vector machine (SVM) method was used to differentiate patients with EB patients from the SCs according to DC values. Compared with the SCs, the patients with EB had increased DC values in the bilateral cerebellum_6, cerebellum vermis_4_5, bilateral supplementary motor areas (SMA), and left fusiform gyrus; the patients with EB had decreased DC values in the bilateral rectal gyrus and left medial orbital frontal gyrus. The SVM classification of the DC values achieved an overall accuracy of 70.45% and an area under the curve of 0.86 in distinguishing between the patients with EB and the SCs. Our study may reveal the neuromechanism of neuroplasticity in EB; the findings provide an imaging basis for future development of restorative visual therapies and sensory substitution devices, and future assessments of visual rehabilitation efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wen
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaguang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Baojun Xie
- Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Baojun Xie,
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Strupp ML, Straumann D, Helmchen C. Nystagmus: Diagnosis, Topographic Anatomical Localization and Therapy. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2021; 238:1186-1195. [PMID: 34784642 DOI: 10.1055/a-1525-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nystagmus is defined as rhythmic, most often involuntary eye movements. It normally consists of a slow (pathological) drift of the eyes, followed by a fast central compensatory movement back to the primary position (refixation saccade). The direction, however, is reported according to the fast phase. The cardinal symptoms are, on the one hand, blurred vision, jumping images (oscillopsia), reduced visual acuity and, sometimes, double vision; many of these symptoms depend on the eye position. On the other hand, depending on the etiology, patients may suffer from the following symptoms: 1. permanent dizziness, postural imbalance, and gait disorder (typical of downbeat and upbeat nystagmus); 2. if the onset of symptoms is acute, the patient may experience spinning vertigo with a tendency to fall to one side (due to ischemia in the area of the brainstem or cerebellum with central fixation nystagmus or as acute unilateral vestibulopathy with spontaneous peripheral vestibular nystagmus); or 3. positional vertigo. There are two major categories: the first is spontaneous nystagmus, i.e., nystagmus which occurs in the primary position as upbeat or downbeat nystagmus; and the second includes various types of nystagmus which are induced or modified by certain factors. Examples are gaze-evoked nystagmus, head-shaking nystagmus, positional nystagmus, and hyperventilation-induced nystagmus. In addition, there are disorders similar to nystagmus, such as ocular flutter or opsoclonus. The most common central types of spontaneous nystagmus are downbeat and upbeat, infantile, pure torsional, pendular fixation, periodic alternating, and seesaw nystagmus. Many types of nystagmus allow a precise neuroanatomical localization: for instance, downbeat nystagmus, which is most often caused by a bilateral floccular lesion or dysfunction, or upbeat nystagmus, which is caused by a lesion in the midbrain or medulla. Examples of drug treatment are the use of 4-aminopyridine for downbeat and upbeat nystagmus, memantine or gabapentin for pendular fixation nystagmus, or baclofen for periodic alternating nystagmus. In this article we are focusing on nystagmus. In a second article we will focus on central ocular motor disorders, such as saccade or gaze palsy, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, and gaze-holding deficits. Therefore, these types of eye movements will not be described here in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Leo Strupp
- Neurologische Klinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Deutschland.,Deutsches Schwindel- und Gleichgewichtszentrum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Deutschland
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Konus I, Ozsoy E, Turkcuoglu P, Emre S, Duman F. Evaluation of Metabolite Changes in the Occipital Cortex of Patients with Idiopathic Infantile Nystagmus or Bilateral Ametropic Amblyopia by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. KOREAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2019; 33:406-413. [PMID: 31612650 PMCID: PMC6791948 DOI: 10.3341/kjo.2019.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effects of idiopathic infantile nystagmus (IN) and bilateral ametropic amblyopia on metabolites in the occipital cortex by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Methods The children included in this prospective study were divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 11 patients with idiopathic IN, group 2 consisted of 10 patients with bilateral ametropic amblyopia and group 3 consisted of nine normal children. A single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy examination was performed by placing a region of interest on the occipital cortex of each participant. N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho) concentrations were measured in the occipital cortex. This was followed by calculating and comparing the NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr ratios between the three groups. The Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results There was no statistically significant difference in NAA/Cr ratios between patients with idiopathic IN and normal children, but there was a statistically significant difference between these groups when Cho/Cr ratios were compared; the ratio was higher in the idiopathic IN group. There were no statistically significant differences in NAA/Cr or Cho/Cr ratios between patients with bilateral ametropic amblyopia and normal children. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the neurochemical profile of the occipital cortex is partially affected by idiopathic IN, but not by bilateral ametropic amblyopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Konus
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kiziltepe Private Ipekyolu Hospital, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Ercan Ozsoy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Peykan Turkcuoglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Private Goznuru Eye Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Sinan Emre
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baskent University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fulya Duman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ataturk State Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
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Xuan M, Guan X, Huang P, Shen Z, Gu Q, Yu X, Xu X, Luo W, Zhang M. Different patterns of gray matter density in early- and middle-late-onset Parkinson's disease: a voxel-based morphometry study. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 13:172-179. [PMID: 28667375 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) has a clinical course and characteristics distinct from middle-late-onset Parkinson's disease (M-LOPD). Although many studies have investigated these differences, the neural mechanisms of these characteristics remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the morphological differences, and their related clinical significance, between EOPD and M-LOPD patients. We recruited two groups of patients, 28 EOPD patients and 37 M-LOPD patients, and two age- and sex-matched control groups (23 controls in each group). The voxel-based morphometry (VBM) technique was used to examine changes in gray matter (GM) density between patients and their corresponding controls. Compared with controls, EOPD patients had lower GM density in the left putamen, inferior frontal gyrus and insula, and higher GM density in the right occipital lobe and bilateral cerebellum posterior lobes. M-LOPD patients had lower GM density in the left cerebellum posterior lobe, occipital lobe and right supplementary motor area (SMA), and higher GM density in the left middle temporal gyrus. Correlation analyses showed that GM density values in the right cerebellum posterior lobe positively correlated with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor scores and the Hoehn-Yahr stages in EOPD patients. Our results reveal different patterns of structural changes in EOPD and M-LOPD patients. A probable compensatory effect of the cerebellum was observed and may partly explain the slower decline of motor function in EOPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xuan
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xiaojun Guan
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Zhujing Shen
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Quanquan Gu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xinfeng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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Penix K, Swanson MW, DeCarlo DK. Nystagmus in pediatric patients: interventions and patient-focused perspectives. Clin Ophthalmol 2015; 9:1527-36. [PMID: 26345377 PMCID: PMC4551307 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s62786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nystagmus refers to involuntary, typically conjugate, often rhythmic oscillations of the eyes. The most common cause of nystagmus in children is infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS). INS presents within the first few months of life and is sometimes accompanied by an ocular condition associated with sensory impairment. Because this condition affects a person throughout life, it is important to understand the options available to manage it. This review focuses on the underlying nystagmus etiology, psychosocial and functional effects of nystagmus, as well as current principles of management, including optical, pharmacological, surgical, and rehabilitative options. Currently, the neural mechanisms underlying INS are not fully understood. Treatment options are designed to increase foveation duration or correct anomalous head postures; however, evidence is limited to mainly pre- and post-study designs with few objective comparisons of treatment strategies. Management of INS should be individualized. The decision on which treatment is best suited for a particular patient lies with the patient and his/her physician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Penix
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mark W Swanson
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Dawn K DeCarlo
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Braun JJ, Noblet V, Durand M, Scheidecker S, Zinetti-Bertschy A, Foucher J, Marion V, Muller J, Riehm S, Dollfus H, Kremer S. Olfaction evaluation and correlation with brain atrophy in Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Clin Genet 2014; 86:521-9. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.-J. Braun
- Service ORL-CCF; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - V. Noblet
- Laboratoire ICUBE, UMR CNRS 7357; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - M. Durand
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre de Référence pour les Affections Rares en Génétique Ophtalmologique (CARGO); Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - S. Scheidecker
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre de Référence pour les Affections Rares en Génétique Ophtalmologique (CARGO); Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - A. Zinetti-Bertschy
- Pôle de Psychiatrie et Santé Mentale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS); Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
- Laboratoire de Neuropsychologie cognitive et physiopathologie de la schizophrénie, INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS); Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - J. Foucher
- Laboratoire ICUBE, UMR CNRS 7357; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
- Pôle de Psychiatrie et Santé Mentale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS); Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - V. Marion
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERM U1112, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS); Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - J. Muller
- Laboratoire ICUBE, UMR CNRS 7357; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
- Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique; Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), UMR 7104 and INSERM U964; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - S. Riehm
- Service de Radiologie 1, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS); Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - H. Dollfus
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre de Référence pour les Affections Rares en Génétique Ophtalmologique (CARGO); Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, INSERM U1112, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS); Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
| | - S. Kremer
- Laboratoire ICUBE, UMR CNRS 7357; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
- Service de Radiologie 2, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS); Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg France
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Chevallier A, Mialot A, Petit JM, Fernandez-Salguero P, Barouki R, Coumoul X, Beraneck M. Oculomotor deficits in aryl hydrocarbon receptor null mouse. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53520. [PMID: 23301081 PMCID: PMC3536739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor or AhR, a ligand-activated transcription factor, is known to mediate the toxic and carcinogenic effects of various environmental pollutants such as 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Recent studies in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster show that the orthologs of the AhR are expressed exclusively in certain types of neurons and are implicated in the development and the homeostasis of the central nervous system. While physiological roles of the AhR were demonstrated in the mammalian heart, liver and gametogenesis, its ontogenic expression and putative neural functions remain elusive. Here, we report that the constitutive absence of the AhR in adult mice (AhR-/-) leads to abnormal eye movements in the form of a spontaneous pendular horizontal nystagmus. To determine if the nystagmus is of vestibular, visual, or cerebellar origin, gaze stabilizing reflexes, namely vestibulo-ocular and optokinetic reflexes (VOR and OKR), were investigated. The OKR is less effective in the AhR-/- mice suggesting a deficit in the visuo-motor circuitry, while the VOR is mildly affected. Furthermore, the AhR is expressed in the retinal ganglion cells during the development, however electroretinograms revealed no impairment of retinal cell function. The structure of the cerebellum of the AhR-/- mice is normal which is compatible with the preserved VOR adaptation, a plastic process dependent on cerebellar integrity. Finally, intoxication with TCDD of control adults did not lead to any abnormality of the oculomotor control. These results demonstrate that the absence of the AhR leads to acquired central nervous system deficits in the adults. Given the many common features between both AhR mouse and human infantile nystagmus syndromes, the AhR-/- mice might give insights into the developmental mechanisms which lead to congenital eye disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Chevallier
- INSERM UMR-S 747, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Mialot
- Centre d'Etude de la Sensori Motricité - CNRS UMR 8194, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Robert Barouki
- INSERM UMR-S 747, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM UMR-S 747, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (XC); (MB)
| | - Mathieu Beraneck
- Centre d'Etude de la Sensori Motricité - CNRS UMR 8194, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (XC); (MB)
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