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Oh W, Park H, Hallett M, You J(SH. The Effectiveness of a Multimodal Brain Empowerment Program in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Single-Blind, Quasi-Randomized Experimental Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4895. [PMID: 37568297 PMCID: PMC10419895 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12154895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine a multimodal brain empowerment (MBE) program to mitigate the modifiable risk factors in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and its therapeutic effects are unknown. MBE encompassing (1) tDCS, light therapy, computerized cognitive therapy (TLC) and (2) robot-assisted gait training, music therapy, and core exercise (REM) interventions were randomly assigned to 20 healthy young adults and 20 older adults with MCI. The electroencephalography (EEG) power spectrum and topographic event-related synchronization (ERS) analysis were used to assess intervention-related changes in neural activity during the MBE program. Outcome: The EEG results demonstrated that both multimodal TLC and REM decreased delta waves and increased theta, alpha, and beta waves (p < 0.001). ERS showed increased neural activation in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes during TLC and REM. Such enhanced neural activity in the region of interest supports potential clinical benefits in empowering cognitive function in both young adults and older adults with MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjun Oh
- Sports Movement Artificial Robotics Technology (SMART) Institute, Department of Physical Therapy, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (W.O.); (H.P.)
| | - Haeun Park
- Sports Movement Artificial Robotics Technology (SMART) Institute, Department of Physical Therapy, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (W.O.); (H.P.)
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
| | - Joshua (Sung) H. You
- Sports Movement Artificial Robotics Technology (SMART) Institute, Department of Physical Therapy, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea; (W.O.); (H.P.)
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Exarchos TP, Whelan R, Tarnanas I. Dynamic Reconfiguration of Dominant Intrinsic Coupling Modes in Elderly at Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease Risk. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1424:1-22. [PMID: 37486474 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31982-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale human brain networks interact across both spatial and temporal scales. Especially for electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG), there are many evidences that there is a synergy of different subnetworks that oscillate on a dominant frequency within a quasi-stable brain temporal frame. Intrinsic cortical-level integration reflects the reorganization of functional brain networks that support a compensation mechanism for cognitive decline. Here, a computerized intervention integrating different functions of the medial temporal lobes, namely, object-level and scene-level representations, was conducted. One hundred fifty-eight patients with mild cognitive impairment underwent 90 min of training per day over 10 weeks. An active control (AC) group of 50 subjects was exposed to documentaries, and a passive control group of 55 subjects did not engage in any activity. Following a dynamic functional source connectivity analysis, the dynamic reconfiguration of intra- and cross-frequency coupling mechanisms before and after the intervention was revealed. After the neuropsychological and resting state electroencephalography evaluation, the ratio of inter versus intra-frequency coupling modes and also the contribution of β1 frequency was higher for the target group compared to its pre-intervention period. These frequency-dependent contributions were linked to neuropsychological estimates that were improved due to intervention. Additionally, the time-delays of the cortical interactions were improved in {δ, θ, α2, β1} compared to the pre-intervention period. Finally, dynamic networks of the target group further improved their efficiency over the total cost of the network. This is the first study that revealed a dynamic reconfiguration of intrinsic coupling modes and an improvement of time-delays due to a target intervention protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Whelan
- Trinity College Institute of Neurosciences, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ioannis Tarnanas
- Altoida Inc, Houston, TX, USA
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Chino B, Cuesta P, Pacios J, de Frutos-Lucas J, Torres-Simón L, Doval S, Marcos A, Bruña R, Maestú F. Episodic memory dysfunction and hypersynchrony in brain functional networks in cognitively intact subjects and MCI: a study of 379 individuals. GeroScience 2022; 45:477-489. [PMID: 36109436 PMCID: PMC9886758 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00656-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Delayed recall (DR) impairment is one of the most significant predictive factors in defining the progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Changes in brain functional connectivity (FC) could accompany this decline in the DR performance even in a resting state condition from the preclinical stages to the diagnosis of AD itself, so the characterization of the relationship between the two phenomena has attracted increasing interest. Another aspect to contemplate is the potential moderator role of the APOE genotype in this association, considering the evidence about their implication for the disease. 379 subjects (118 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 261 cognitively intact (CI) individuals) underwent an extensive evaluation, including MEG recording. Applying cluster-based permutation test, we identified a cluster of differences in FC and studied which connections drove such an effect in DR. The moderation effect of APOE genotype between FC results and delayed recall was evaluated too. Higher FC in beta band in the right occipital region is associated with lower DR scores in both groups. A significant anteroposterior link emerged in the seed-based analysis with higher values in MCI. Moreover, APOE genotype appeared as a moderator between beta FC and DR performance only in the CI group. An increased beta FC in the anteroposterior brain region appears to be associated with lower memory performance in MCI. This finding could help discriminate the pattern of the progression of healthy aging to MCI and the relation between resting state and memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Chino
- Institute of Neuroscience, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pablo Cuesta
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation, and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Pacios
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain ,Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaisalmer de Frutos-Lucas
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027 Australia ,Centro de Investigación Nebrija en Cognición (CINC), Universidad de Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Torres-Simón
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Doval
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Marcos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain ,Neurology Department, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Bruña
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation, and Physiotherapy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain ,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain ,Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Biagianti B, Bigoni D, Maggioni E, Brambilla P. Can neuroimaging-based biomarkers predict response to cognitive remediation in patients with psychosis? A state-of-the-art review. J Affect Disord 2022; 305:196-205. [PMID: 35283181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive Remediation (CR) is designed to halt the pathological neural systems that characterize major psychotic disorders (MPD), and its main objective is to improve cognitive functioning. The magnitude of CR-induced cognitive gains greatly varies across patients with MPD, with up to 40% of patients not showing gains in global cognitive performance. This is likely due to the high degree of heterogeneity in neural activation patterns underlying cognitive endophenotypes, and to inter-individual differences in neuroplastic potential, cortical organization and interaction between brain systems in response to learning. Here, we review studies that used neuroimaging to investigate which biomarkers could potentially serve as predictors of treatment response to CR in MPD. METHODS This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. An electronic database search (Embase, Elsevier; Scopus, PsycINFO, APA; PubMed, APA) was conducted in March 2021. peer-reviewed, English-language studies were included if they reported data for adults aged 18+ with MPD, reported findings from randomized controlled trials or single-arm trials of CR; and presented neuroimaging data. RESULTS Sixteen studies were included and eight neuroimaging-based biomarkers were identified. Auditory mismatch negativity (3 studies), auditory steady-state response (1), gray matter morphology (3), white matter microstructure (1), and task-based fMRI (7) can predict response to CR. Efference copy corollary/discharge, resting state, and thalamo-cortical connectivity (1) require further research prior to being implemented. CONCLUSIONS Translational research on neuroimaging-based biomarkers can help elucidate the mechanisms by which CR influences the brain's functional architecture, better characterize psychotic subpopulations, and ultimately deliver CR that is optimized and personalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Biagianti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Davide Bigoni
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Maggioni
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Mai Ba H, Kim J. The Effects of Combined Physical and Cognitive Interventions on Direct and Indirect Fall Outcomes for the Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10050862. [PMID: 35628001 PMCID: PMC9140643 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10050862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This review was intended to determine the effectiveness of physical and cognitive training (PCT) on falls and fall-related factors and cognitive function among community-dwelling elderly people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A systematic literature search was performed of the MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Sciences, Scopus, ProQuest, Embase, and Google Scholar databases for articles published from 2010 to 2020. The studies that combined PCT to assess their impacts on fall outcomes both directly and indirectly were included. Study quality was assessed using the standardized JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for RCTs. The standardized data extraction tool from JBI-MAStARI was used to extract data of included studies. Seven RCTs involving 740 participants were included. The overall fall incidence did not significantly decrease after the interventions. However, PCT significantly impacted the cognitive function and physical activities of elderly people with MCI, particularly improving their balancing ability, gait speed, muscular strength, and executive functions. This study indicated that combining PCT improves balance ability, gait speed, and executive functioning in the elderly with MCI, which may help to minimize fall occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Mai Ba
- Faculty of Nursing, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue 49000, Vietnam; or
| | - Jiyun Kim
- School of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-820-4226
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Functional connectivity as a neural correlate of cognitive rehabilitation programs’ efficacy: A systematic review. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02989-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Pusil S, Torres-Simon L, Chino B, López ME, Canuet L, Bilbao Á, Maestú F, Paúl N. Resting-State Beta-Band Recovery Network Related to Cognitive Improvement After Stroke. Front Neurol 2022; 13:838170. [PMID: 35280290 PMCID: PMC8914082 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.838170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and it causes important long-term cognitive and physical deficits that hamper patients' daily activity. Neuropsychological rehabilitation (NR) has increasingly become more important to recover from cognitive disability and to improve the functionality and quality of life of these patients. Since in most stroke cases, restoration of functional connectivity (FC) precedes or accompanies cognitive and behavioral recovery, understanding the electrophysiological signatures underlying stroke recovery mechanisms is a crucial scientific and clinical goal. Methods For this purpose, a longitudinal study was carried out with a sample of 10 stroke patients, who underwent two neuropsychological assessments and two resting-state magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings, before and after undergoing a NR program. Moreover, to understand the degree of cognitive and neurophysiological impairment after stroke and the mechanisms of recovery after cognitive rehabilitation, stroke patients were compared to 10 healthy controls matched for age, sex, and educational level. Findings After intra and inter group comparisons, we found the following results: (1) Within the stroke group who received cognitive rehabilitation, almost all cognitive domains improved relatively or totally; (2) They exhibit a pattern of widespread increased in FC within the beta band that was related to the recovery process (there were no significant differences between patients who underwent rehabilitation and controls); (3) These FC recovery changes were related with the enhanced of cognitive performance. Furthermore, we explored the capacity of the neuropsychological scores before rehabilitation, to predict the FC changes in the brain network. Significant correlations were found in global indexes from the WAIS-III: Performance IQ (PIQ) and Perceptual Organization index (POI) (i.e., Picture Completion, Matrix Reasoning, and Block Design).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pusil
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Torres-Simon
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Brenda Chino
- Institute of Neuroscience, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Eugenia López
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonides Canuet
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Bilbao
- National Centre for Brain Injury Treatment, Centro de Referencia Estatal de Atención Al Daño Cerebral (CEADAC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Maestú
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Paúl
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
As people age, they are more likely to develop multiple chronic diseases and experience a decline in some of their physical and cognitive functions, leading to the decrease in their ability to live independently. Innovative technology-based interventions tailored to older adults’ functional levels and focused on healthy lifestyles are considered imperative. This work proposed a framework of active and healthy ageing through the integration of a broad spectrum of digital solutions into an open Pan-European technological platform in the context of the SHAPES project, an EU-funded innovation action. In conclusion, the SHAPES project can potentially engage older adults in a holistic technological ecosystem and, therefore, facilitate the maintenance of a high-quality standard of life.
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Spironelli C, Borella E. Working Memory Training and Cortical Arousal in Healthy Older Adults: A Resting-State EEG Pilot Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:718965. [PMID: 34744685 PMCID: PMC8568069 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.718965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The current pilot study aimed to test the gains of working memory (WM) training, both at the short- and long-term, at a behavioral level, and by examining the electrophysiological changes induced by training in resting-state EEG activity among older adults. The study group included 24 older adults (from 64 to 75 years old) who were randomly assigned to a training group (TG) or an active control group (ACG) in a double-blind, repeated-measures experimental design in which open eyes, resting-state EEG recording, followed by a WM task, i.e., the Categorization Working Memory Span (CWMS) task, were collected before and after training, as well as at a 6-month follow-up session. At the behavioral level, medium to large Cohen's d effect sizes was found for the TG in immediate and long-term gains in the WM criterion task, as compared with small gains for the ACG. Regarding intrusion errors committed in the CWMS, an index of inhibitory control representing a transfer effect, results showed that medium to large effect sizes for immediate and long-term gains emerged for the TG, as compared to small effect sizes for the ACG. Spontaneous high-beta/alpha ratio analyses in four regions of interest (ROIs) revealed no pre-training group differences. Significantly greater TG anterior rates, particularly in the left ROI, were found after training, with frontal oscillatory responses being correlated with better post-training CWMS performance in only the TG. The follow-up analysis showed similar results, with greater anterior left high-beta/alpha rates among TG participants. Follow-up frontal high-beta/alpha rates in the right ROI were correlated with lower CWMS follow-up intrusion errors in only the TG. The present findings are further evidence of the efficacy of WM training in enhancing the cognitive functioning of older adults and their frontal oscillatory activity. Overall, these results suggested that WM training also can be a promising approach toward fostering the so-called functional cortical plasticity in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Spironelli
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Erika Borella
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Romanopoulou ED, Zilidou VI, Gilou S, Dratsiou I, Varella A, Petronikolou V, Katsouli AM, Karagianni M, Bamidis PD. Technology Enhanced Health and Social Care for Vulnerable People During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:721065. [PMID: 34566606 PMCID: PMC8461025 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.721065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has spread rapidly worldwide with critical consequences in health, as well as in social, economic, and particularly in psychological conditions of vulnerable people, especially older adults. Therefore, it is necessary the direct attention to their health care needs and related interventions. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have direct impact on older adults' health and quality of life leading to decreased depression and loneliness, along with empowerment of independent life. Many studies involve cognitive training programs/software based on new technological systems that provide to vulnerable people access to gamified, attractive, cognitive exercises for overall functionality everywhere and at any time. Twenty-four participants (mean age 69.3 years) were assigned to this study. The cognitive training component of LLM Care was used as an interactive software to enhance participants' cognitive functions. The intervention lasted 12 weeks with the frequency of 2-4 times per week in sessions of at least 30 min. Participants used their personal devices (tablets/laptops) in their own residence, while technical and consulting guidance was provided by LLM Care certified trainers. They were informed about the purpose of the study, while consent forms along with psychological assessments were distributed every 2 weeks to periodically evaluate their psychosocial and mental health conditions. The assessments included the World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5), the Short Anxiety Screening Test (SAST), the System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Impact Factor Event Scale (IES-R). According to the results, the participants with improved well-being tended to report decreased subjective distress caused by COVID-19, and their engagement with new technologies can potentially minimize the negative outcomes occurred by the current stressful situation, mitigating the effect of hyperarousal symptoms, while increasing their overall well-being. Well-being seems to remain relatively stable among older adults and decreases only when adversities occur, while the usability of the software was perceived as marginally acceptable by participants. The exploitation of the LLM Care contributes to the improvement of older adults' well-being and alleviates the negative experience caused by stressful situations like COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Panagiotis D. Bamidis
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Zhang DW, Zaphf A, Klingberg T. Resting State EEG Related to Mathematical Improvement After Spatial Training in Children. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:698367. [PMID: 34305556 PMCID: PMC8297825 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.698367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial cognitive abilities, including mental rotation (MR) and visuo-spatial working memory (vsWM) are correlated with mathematical performance, and several studies have shown that training of these abilities can enhance mathematical performance. Here, we investigated the behavioral and neural correlates of MR and vsWM training combined with number line (NL) training. Fifty-seven children, aged 6–7, performed 25 days of NL training combined with either vsWM or MR and participated in an Electroencephalography (EEG)-session in school to measure resting state activity and steady-state visual evoked potentials during a vsWM task before and after training. Fifty children, aged 6–7, received usual teaching and acted as a control group. Compared to the control group, both training groups improved on a combined measure of mathematics. Cognitive improvement was specific to the training. Significant pre-post changes in resting state-EEG (rs-EEG), common to both training groups, were found for power as well as for coherence, with no significant differences in rs-EEG-changes between the vsWM and MR groups. Two of the common rs-EEG changes were correlated with mathematical improvement: (1) an increase in coherence between the central frontal lobe and the right parietal lobe in frequencies ranging from 16 to 25 Hz, and (2) an increase in coherence between the left frontal lobe and the right parietal lobe ranging from 23 to 25 Hz. These results indicate that changes in fronto-parietal coherence are related to an increase in mathematical performance, which thus might be a useful measure in further investigations of mathematical interventions in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Zaphf
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torkel Klingberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Pedroso RV, Lima-Silva AE, Tarachuque PE, Fraga FJ, Stein AM. THE EFFICACY OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE ON CORTICAL ACTIVITY MODULATION IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 102:2393-2401. [PMID: 33932357 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of physical exercise on cortical activity measured via EEG in individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). DATA SOURCES Pubmed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scielo databases were searched, using: "physical exercise"; "physical activity"; "physical therapy"; "exercise"; "training"; "electroencephalogram"; "electroencephalography"; "EEG"; "mild cognitive impairment"; "cognitive dysfunction"; "MCI". PRISMA statement was followed and the PEDro scale was used to assess the risk of bias of each study. STUDY SELECTION Original articles, sample including individuals with MCI, physical exercise intervention, use of EEG to measure cortical activity. DATA EXTRACTION Sample characteristics, physical exercise protocol characteristics, results related to effects of physical exercise on parameters derived from EEG signals and on other cognitive assessments, strengths, limitations and conclusions of the studies were selected by two investigators. DATA SYNTHESIS 365 articles were identified in electronic databases. After the selection stage, seven studies were included. Although there was a large spectrum of type of exercise (aerobic, resistance, multimodal, exergames and combined exercise with cognitive training), all exercise protocols altered cortical activity in MCI patients. An exercise session (acute response) causes power reduction of delta band and increases complexity and P300 amplitude in resting-state EEG. After an intervention with an exercise program (chronic response), there was a reduction in the power of delta and theta bands and an increase in beta and alpha bands, as well an increase in complexity in resting-state EEG. CONCLUSIONS Physical exercise seems to play a role in cortical activity in MCI patients, suggesting neural plasticity in such individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Valle Pedroso
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo.
| | | | | | - Francisco José Fraga
- Engineering, Modelling and Applied Social Sciences Center (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angelica Miki Stein
- The Human Performance Research Group Technological Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná
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Lin MA, Meng LF, Ouyang Y, Chan HL, Chang YJ, Chen SW, Liaw JW. Resistance-induced brain activity changes during cycle ergometer exercises. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:27. [PMID: 33741055 PMCID: PMC7977282 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00252-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background EEGs are frequently employed to measure cerebral activations during physical exercise or in response to specific physical tasks. However, few studies have attempted to understand how exercise-state brain activity is modulated by exercise intensity. Methods Ten healthy subjects were recruited for sustained cycle ergometer exercises at low and high resistance, performed on two separate days a week apart. Exercise-state EEG spectral power and phase-locking values (PLV) are analyzed to assess brain activity modulated by exercise intensity. Results The high-resistance exercise produced significant changes in beta-band PLV from early to late pedal stages for electrode pairs F3-Cz, P3-Pz, and P3-P4, and in alpha-band PLV for P3-P4, as well as the significant change rate in alpha-band power for electrodes C3 and P3. On the contrary, the evidence for changes in brain activity during the low-resistance exercise was not found. Conclusion These results show that the cortical activation and cortico-cortical coupling are enhanced to take on more workload, maintaining high-resistance pedaling at the required speed, during the late stage of the exercise period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-An Lin
- Faculty of Computer and Software Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiang-Su, China
| | - Ling-Fu Meng
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Science, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yuan Ouyang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Lung Chan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Ju Chang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan. .,School of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, and Health Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Szi-Wen Chen
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan.,Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Woei Liaw
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Center for Advanced Molecular Imaging and Translation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
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14
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Laptinskaya D, Küster OC, Fissler P, Thurm F, Von Arnim CAF, Kolassa IT. No Evidence That Cognitive and Physical Activities Are Related to Changes in EEG Markers of Cognition in Older Adults at Risk of Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:610839. [PMID: 33815087 PMCID: PMC8017171 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.610839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An active lifestyle as well as cognitive and physical training (PT) may benefit cognition by increasing cognitive reserve, but the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of this reserve capacity are not well understood. To investigate these mechanisms of cognitive reserve, we focused on electrophysiological correlates of cognitive performance, namely on an event-related measure of auditory memory and on a measure of global coherence. Both measures have shown to be sensitive markers for cognition and might therefore be suitable to investigate potential training- and lifestyle-related changes. Here, we report on the results of an electrophysiological sub-study that correspond to previously published behavioral findings. Altogether, 65 older adults with subjective or objective cognitive impairment and aged 60-88 years were assigned to a 10-week cognitive (n = 19) or a 10-week PT (n = 21) or to a passive control group (n = 25). In addition, self-reported lifestyle was assessed at baseline. We did not find an effect of both training groups on electroencephalography (EEG) measures of auditory memory decay or global coherence (ps ≥ 0.29) and a more active lifestyle was not associated with improved global coherence (p = 0.38). Results suggest that a 10-week unimodal cognitive or PT and an active lifestyle in older adults at risk for dementia are not strongly related to improvements in electrophysiological correlates of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Laptinskaya
- Clinical and Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Olivia Caroline Küster
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Clinic for Neurogeriatrics and Neurological Rehabilitation, University- and Rehabilitation Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Patrick Fissler
- Clinical and Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Psychiatric Services of Thurgovia, Academic Teaching Hospital of Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Muensterlingen, Switzerland
| | - Franka Thurm
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Faculty of Psychology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christine A. F. Von Arnim
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Division of Geriatrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Iris-Tatjana Kolassa
- Clinical and Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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15
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Anagnostopoulou A, Styliadis C, Kartsidis P, Romanopoulou E, Zilidou V, Karali C, Karagianni M, Klados M, Paraskevopoulos E, Bamidis PD. Computerized physical and cognitive training improves the functional architecture of the brain in adults with Down syndrome: A network science EEG study. Netw Neurosci 2021; 5:274-294. [PMID: 33688615 PMCID: PMC7935030 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the neuroplastic capacity of people with Down syndrome (PwDS) can potentially reveal the causal relationship between aberrant brain organization and phenotypic characteristics. We used resting-state EEG recordings to identify how a neuroplasticity-triggering training protocol relates to changes in the functional connectivity of the brain's intrinsic cortical networks. Brain activity of 12 PwDS before and after a 10-week protocol of combined physical and cognitive training was statistically compared to quantify changes in directed functional connectivity in conjunction with psychosomatometric assessments. PwDS showed increased connectivity within the left hemisphere and from left-to-right hemisphere, as well as increased physical and cognitive performance. Our findings reveal a strong adaptive neuroplastic reorganization as a result of the training that leads to a less-random network with a more pronounced hierarchical organization. Our results go beyond previous findings by indicating a transition to a healthier, more efficient, and flexible network architecture, with improved integration and segregation abilities in the brain of PwDS. Resting-state electrophysiological brain activity is used here for the first time to display meaningful relationships to underlying Down syndrome processes and outcomes of importance in a translational inquiry. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04390321.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Anagnostopoulou
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charis Styliadis
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Kartsidis
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Romanopoulou
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Zilidou
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chrysi Karali
- School of Biology, Faculty of Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Karagianni
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Manousos Klados
- Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield International Faculty, City College, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelos Paraskevopoulos
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis D Bamidis
- Medical Physics Laboratory, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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16
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Chriskos P, Frantzidis CA, Papanastasiou E, Bamidis PD. Applications of Convolutional Neural Networks in neurodegeneration and physiological aging. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 159:1-10. [PMID: 33202245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The process of aging is linked with significant changes in a human's physiological organization and structure. This is more evident in the case of the brain whose functions generally vary between young and old individuals. Detecting such patterns can be of significant importance especially during the Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) stage which is a transition state before the clinical onset of dementia. Intervening in that stage may delay or eventually prevent dementia onset. In this paper we propose a new methodology based in electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings, aiming to classify individuals into healthy, pathological (patients diagnosed with MCI or Mild Dementia) and young, old groups (healthy individuals over and under 50 years of age) through functional connectivity and macro-architecture features. These features are calculated on the estimated brain region activations through the inverse problem solution, enabling us to transform the sensor level EEG recordings through an appropriate transformation matrix. Afterwards, Synchronization Likelihood and Relative Wavelet Entropy values were calculated along with the graph metrics corresponding to the functional connectivity values, as well as the relative energy contributions of five EEG bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma). These features were organized in Red, Green, Blue (RGB) image-like data structures. Therefore, it was possible to classify each individual into one of the two groups per experiment employing Convolutional Neural Networks. From the maximum classification accuracy achieved on the test set, 90.48% for the pathological aging group and 91.19% for the physiological aging, it is evident that the proposed approach is capable of providing adequate health and age group classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panteleimon Chriskos
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos A Frantzidis
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Emmanouil Papanastasiou
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis D Bamidis
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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17
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Li X, Zhang J, Li XD, Cui W, Su R. Neurofeedback Training for Brain Functional Connectivity Improvement in Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Med Biol Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-020-00531-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Gronek P, Wielinski D, Cyganski P, Rynkiewicz A, Zając A, Maszczyk A, Gronek J, Podstawski R, Czarny W, Balko S, Ct Clark C, Celka R. A Review of Exercise as Medicine in Cardiovascular Disease: Pathology and Mechanism. Aging Dis 2020; 11:327-340. [PMID: 32257545 PMCID: PMC7069454 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity and resultant lower energy expenditure contribute unequivocally to cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease and stroke, which are considered major causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Aim The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of physical activity (PA) and exercise on different aspects of health - genetics, endothelium function, blood pressure, lipid concentrations, glucose intolerance, thrombosis, and self - satisfaction. Materials and. Methods In this article, we conducted a narrative review of the influence PA and exercise have on the cardiovascular system, risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, searching the online databases; Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar, and, subsequently, discuss possible mechanisms of this action. Results and Discussion Based on our narrative review of literature, discussed the effects of PA on telomere length, nitric oxide synthesis, thrombosis risk, blood pressure, serum glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides levels, and indicated possible mechanisms by which physical training may lead to improvement in chronic cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion PA is effective for the improvement of exercise tolerance, lipid concentrations, blood pressure, it may also reduce the serum glucose level and risk of thrombosis, thus should be advocated concomitant to, or in some cases instead of, traditional drug-therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Gronek
- 1Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Dance and Gymnastics, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dariusz Wielinski
- 2 Department of Anthropology and Biometry, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Cyganski
- 3Department of Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, Ist Cardiology Clinic, City Hospital in Olsztyn, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrzej Rynkiewicz
- 3Department of Cardiology and Cardiosurgery, Ist Cardiology Clinic, City Hospital in Olsztyn, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Adam Zając
- 4Department of Sports Training, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Adam Maszczyk
- 5Department of Methodology and Statistics, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Gronek
- 1Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Dance and Gymnastics, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Robert Podstawski
- 6Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wojciech Czarny
- 7Department of Human Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Stefan Balko
- 8Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, Jan Evangelista Purkyne University in Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic
| | - Cain Ct Clark
- 9School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Celka
- 1Laboratory of Genetics, Department of Dance and Gymnastics, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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19
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Investigation of the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and neurofeedback by continuous performance test. Neurosci Lett 2019; 716:134648. [PMID: 31765731 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique based on weak direct current stimulation through the scalp. Neurofeedback (NFB) is a learning strategy that may help alter to brain wave parameters, by monitoring electroencephalography (EEG) feedback via special programs. We aimed to investigate the supportive effects of tDCS in addition to NFB training. 16 healthy volunteers were divided equally into two groups. One of the groups was trained by NFB with the sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) protocol; 2 days per week, 10 sessions of 30 min, the other group received 10 min of tDCS before each NFB sessions. Continuous Performance Test (CPT) was used to measure, response time and suppression and to determine selective attention condition. Also, Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories were used to exclude people with depression and anxiety. Depression scores of NFB + tDCS group were decreased significantly. CPT scores were better at last sessions for both groups compared to the first sessions. Sessions were analyzed by comparing 1st, 2nd, 5th and 10th sessions. While the NFB + tDCS group had statistically significant changes at theta/beta ratios with SMR and alpha band amplitudes, NFB group statistics had changed at theta/SMR ratios. NFB training shows its effects at the end of 10 sessions. Despite an increase in the latencies of correct and commission responses on the task of CPT, additional use of tDCS improves cognitive performance. Also, tDCS has a supportive effect on the healthy participants who have mild anxiety and depression; also inhibition deficits of subjects were clear.
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20
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van Balkom TD, Berendse HW, van der Werf YD, Twisk JWR, Zijlstra I, Hagen RH, Berk T, Vriend C, van den Heuvel OA. COGTIPS: a double-blind randomized active controlled trial protocol to study the effect of home-based, online cognitive training on cognition and brain networks in Parkinson's disease. BMC Neurol 2019; 19:179. [PMID: 31366395 PMCID: PMC6668056 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-019-1403-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive dysfunction is highly prevalent in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and a large proportion of patients eventually develops PD-related dementia. Currently, no effective treatment is available. Cognitive training is effective in relieving cognitive dysfunctions in several –neurodegenerative– diseases, and earlier small-scale trials have shown positive results for PD. In this randomized controlled trial, we assess the efficacy of online home-based cognitive training, its long-term effects, as well as the underlying neural correlates in a large group of PD patients. Methods In this double-blind randomized controlled trial we will include 140 non-demented patients with idiopathic PD that experience significant subjective cognitive complaints. Participants will be randomized into a cognitive training group and an active control group. In both groups, participants will individually perform an online home-based intervention for eight weeks, three times a week during 45 min. The cognitive training consists of thirteen games that focus on executive functions, attention and processing speed with an adaptive difficulty. The active control comprises three games that keep participants cognitively engaged without a training component. Participants will be subjected to extensive neuropsychological assessments at baseline and after the intervention, and at six months, one year and two years of follow-up. A subset of participants (40 in each treatment condition) will undergo structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging. The primary outcome of this study is the performance on the Tower of London task. Secondary outcomes are objective and subjective cognitive functioning, conversion to PD-related mild cognitive impairment or dementia, functional and structural connectivity and network topological indices measured with magnetic resonance imaging. None of the outcome measures are part of the cognitive training program. Data will be analyzed using multivariate mixed-model analyses and odds ratios. Discussion This study is a large-scale cognitive training study in PD patients that evaluates the efficacy in relieving cognitive dysfunction, and the underlying mechanisms. The strengths of this study are the large sample size, the long follow-up period and the use of neuroimaging in a large subsample. The study is expected to have a low attrition and a high compliance rate given the home-based and easily-accessible intervention in both conditions. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02920632. Registered September 30, 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12883-019-1403-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim D van Balkom
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands. .,Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Henk W Berendse
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ysbrand D van der Werf
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jos W R Twisk
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Iris Zijlstra
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rob H Hagen
- Dutch Parkinson's Disease Association, PO Box 46, Bunnik, 3980 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Tanja Berk
- Dutch Parkinson's Disease Association, PO Box 46, Bunnik, 3980 CA, the Netherlands
| | - Chris Vriend
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Odile A van den Heuvel
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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21
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Lasaponara S, Glicksohn J, Mauro F, Ben-Soussan TD. Contingent negative variation and P3 modulations following mindful movement training. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2019; 244:101-114. [PMID: 30732833 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the study of the electrophysiological correlates of attention, a phasic change in alertness has been classically related to a negative frontal-central shift called Contingent Negative Variation (CNV). Studies investigating the effects of meditation on the CNV in participants reporting frequent transcendental experiences (TE) reported reduced CNV in choice reaction time task (CRT), and increased CNV in simple reaction time task (SRT), suggesting that meditation can induce a more balanced attentional state. In the current study, we tested whether a similar effect could be obtained in healthy non-meditators using a single session of a specifically structured sensorimotor training (Quadrato Motor Training-QMT). In addition, in contrast to previous studies, we further examined the P3 component, reflecting cognitive load and novelty detection. We found that similar to previous studies, following a QMT session, CNV amplitude reduced in CRT and increased in SRT. Conversely, the P3 amplitude increased in CRT and decreased in SRT. Taken together, these results support the idea that QMT has attentional benefits in normal healthy participants, similar to those observed in experienced meditators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Lasaponara
- Research Institute for Neuroscience, Education and Didactics, Patrizio Paoletti Foundation for Development and Communication, Assisi, Italy; Department of Neuropsychology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Umane, Università LUMSA, Roma, Italy
| | - Joseph Glicksohn
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Department of Criminology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Federica Mauro
- Research Institute for Neuroscience, Education and Didactics, Patrizio Paoletti Foundation for Development and Communication, Assisi, Italy; Department of Psychology, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Tal Dotan Ben-Soussan
- Research Institute for Neuroscience, Education and Didactics, Patrizio Paoletti Foundation for Development and Communication, Assisi, Italy.
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22
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Zilidou VI, Frantzidis CA, Romanopoulou ED, Paraskevopoulos E, Douka S, Bamidis PD. Functional Re-organization of Cortical Networks of Senior Citizens After a 24-Week Traditional Dance Program. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:422. [PMID: 30618727 PMCID: PMC6308125 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroscience is developing rapidly by providing a variety of modern tools for analyzing the functional interactions of the brain and detection of pathological deviations due to neurodegeneration. The present study argues that the induction of neuroplasticity of the mature human brain leads to the prevention of dementia. Promising solution seems to be the dance programs because they combine cognitive and physical activity in a pleasant way. So, we investigated whether the traditional Greek dances can improve the cognitive, physical and functional status of the elderly always aiming at promoting active and healthy aging. Forty-four participants were randomly assigned equally to the training group and an active control group. The duration of the program was 6 months. Also, the participants were evaluated for their physical status and through an electroencephalographic (EEG) examination at rest (eyes-closed condition). The EEG testing was performed 1–14 days before (pre) and after (post) the training. Cortical network analysis was applied by modeling the cortex through a generic anatomical model of 20,000 fixed dipoles. These were grouped into 512 cortical regions of interest (ROIs). High quality, artifact-free data resulting from an elaborate pre-processing pipeline were segmented into multiple, 30 s of continuous epochs. Then, functional connectivity among those ROIs was performed for each epoch through the relative wavelet entropy (RWE). Synchronization matrices were computed and then thresholded in order to provide binary, directed cortical networks of various density ranges. The results showed that the dance training improved optimal network performance as estimated by the small-world property. Further analysis demonstrated that there were also local network changes resulting in better information flow and functional re-organization of the network nodes. These results indicate the application of the dance training as a possible non-pharmacological intervention for promoting mental and physical well-being of senior citizens. Our results were also compared with a combination of computerized cognitive and physical training, which has already been demonstrated to induce neuroplasticity (LLM Care).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki I Zilidou
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Physical Activity and Recreation, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos A Frantzidis
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia D Romanopoulou
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelos Paraskevopoulos
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Styliani Douka
- Department of Physical Activity and Recreation, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis D Bamidis
- Laboratory of Medical Physics, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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23
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Ge S, Zhu Z, Wu B, McConnell ES. Technology-based cognitive training and rehabilitation interventions for individuals with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:213. [PMID: 30219036 PMCID: PMC6139138 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0893-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are at heightened risk of developing dementia. Rapid advances in computing technology have enabled researchers to conduct cognitive training and rehabilitation interventions with the assistance of technology. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effects of technology-based cognitive training or rehabilitation interventions to improve cognitive function among individuals with MCI. Methods We conducted a systematic review using the following criteria: individuals with MCI, empirical studies, and evaluated a technology-based cognitive training or rehabilitation intervention. Twenty-six articles met the criteria. Results Studies were characterized by considerable variation in study design, intervention content, and technologies applied. The major types of technologies applied included computerized software, tablets, gaming consoles, and virtual reality. Use of technology to adjust the difficulties of tasks based on participants’ performance was an important feature. Technology-based cognitive training and rehabilitation interventions had significant effect on global cognitive function in 8 out of 22 studies; 8 out of 18 studies found positive effects on attention, 9 out of 16 studies on executive function, and 16 out of 19 studies on memory. Some cognitive interventions improved non-cognitive symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and ADLs. Conclusion Technology-based cognitive training and rehabilitation interventions show promise, but the findings were inconsistent due to the variations in study design. Future studies should consider using more consistent methodologies. Appropriate control groups should be designed to understand the additional benefits of cognitive training and rehabilitation delivered with the assistance of technology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12877-018-0893-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Ge
- Duke University School of Nursing, 307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Fudan University School of Nursing, Shanghai, China.,Fudan University Center for Evidence-Based Nursing, a Joanna Briggs Institute Center of Excellence, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Wu
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA.,Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eleanor S McConnell
- Duke University School of Nursing, 307 Trent Drive, Durham, NC, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC) of the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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24
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Cespón J, Miniussi C, Pellicciari MC. Interventional programmes to improve cognition during healthy and pathological ageing: Cortical modulations and evidence for brain plasticity. Ageing Res Rev 2018. [PMID: 29522820 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that healthy elderly individuals and patients with Alzheimer's disease retain an important potential for neuroplasticity. This review summarizes studies investigating the modulation of neural activity and structural brain integrity in response to interventions involving cognitive training, physical exercise and non-invasive brain stimulation in healthy elderly and cognitively impaired subjects (including patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease). Moreover, given the clinical relevance of neuroplasticity, we discuss how evidence for neuroplasticity can be inferred from the functional and structural brain changes observed after implementing these interventions. We emphasize that multimodal programmes, which combine several types of interventions, improve cognitive function to a greater extent than programmes that use a single interventional approach. We suggest specific methods for weighting the relative importance of cognitive training, physical exercise and non-invasive brain stimulation according to the functional and structural state of the brain of the targeted subject to maximize the cognitive improvements induced by multimodal programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Cespón
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; BCBL, Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Spain.
| | - Carlo Miniussi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy; Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, TN, Italy
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25
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Sohn WS, Lee TY, Kwak S, Yoon YB, Kwon JS. Higher extrinsic and lower intrinsic connectivity in resting state networks for professional Baduk (Go) players. Brain Behav 2017; 7:e00853. [PMID: 29299380 PMCID: PMC5745240 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dedication and training to a profession results in a certain level of expertise. This expertise, like any other skill obtained in our lifetime, is encoded in the brain and may be reflected in our brain's connectome. This property can be observed by mapping resting state connectivity. In this study, we examine the differences in resting state functional connectivity in four major networks between professional "Baduk" (Go) players and normal subjects. METHODS Resting state fMRI scans were acquired for professional "Baduk" (Go) players and normal controls. Major resting state networks were identified using independent component analysis and compared between the two groups. Networks which were compared include the default mode network, the left and right fronto-parietal network, and the salience network. RESULTS We found that normal subjects showed increased connectivity within certain areas of each target network. Professional players, however, showed higher connectivity to regions outside the traditional regions of each given network. Close examination of these regions revealed that regions shown to have higher connectivity in professional players have been revealed to be relevant in expertise for board games. CONCLUSION The findings in this study suggest that continuous training results in greater integration between regions and networks, which are necessary for high-level performance. The differences observed in our study between normal controls and professional players also shed light on the difference in brain connectivity which can arise through lifestyle and specialization in a specific field.
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Sohn
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine SNU-MRC Seoul Korea
| | - Tae Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Seoyeon Kwak
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Seoul National University Seoul Korea
| | - Youngwoo Bryan Yoon
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine SNU-MRC Seoul Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Seoul National University Seoul Korea
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine SNU-MRC Seoul Korea.,Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences Seoul National University Seoul Korea
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26
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Gallant Z, Nicolson RI. "Cerebellar Challenge" for Older Adults: Evaluation of a Home-Based Internet Intervention. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:332. [PMID: 29163125 PMCID: PMC5663712 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is converging evidence that maintenance of function in the multiple connectivity networks involving the cerebellum is a key requirement for healthy aging. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a home-based, internet-administered "cerebellar challenge" intervention designed to create progressive challenges to vestibular function, multi-tasking, and dynamic coordination. Participants (n = 98, mean age 68.2, SD 6.6) were randomly allocated to either intervention (the cerebellar challenge training for 10 weeks) or no intervention. All participants undertook an initial series of pre-tests, and then an identical set of post-tests following the intervention period. The test battery comprised five suites of tests designed to evaluate cognitive-sensori-motor-affective functions, including Physical Coordination, Memory, Language Dexterity, Fluid Thinking and Affect. The intervention group showed significant pre- to post improvements in 9 of the 18 tests, whereas the controls improved significantly on one only. Furthermore, the intervention group showed significantly greater improvement than the controls on the "Physical Coordination" suite of tests, with evidence also of differential improvement on the Delayed Picture Recall test. Frequency of intervention use correlated significantly with the improvement in balance and in peg-moving speed. It is concluded that an internet-based cerebellar challenge programme for older adults can lead to benefits in balance, coordination and declarative memory. Limitations and directions for further research are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Gallant
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Roderick I Nicolson
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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27
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Koirala GR, Lee D, Eom S, Kim NY, Kim HD. Altered brain functional connectivity induced by physical exercise may improve neuropsychological functions in patients with benign epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 76:126-132. [PMID: 28919388 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to elucidate alteration in functional connectivity (FC) in patients with benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) as induced by physical exercise therapy and their correlation to the neuropsychological (NP) functions. METHODS We analyzed 115 artifact- and spike-free 2-second epochs extracted from resting state EEG recordings before and after 5weeks of physical exercise in eight patients with BECTS. The exact Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography (eLORETA) was used for source reconstruction. We evaluated the cortical current source density (CSD) power across five different frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma). Altered FC between 34 regions of interests (ROIs) was then examined using lagged phase synchronization (LPS) method. We further investigated the correlation between the altered FC measures and the changes in NP test scores. RESULTS We observed changes in CSD power following the exercise for all frequency bands and statistically significant increases in the right temporal region for the alpha band. There were a number of altered FC between the cortical ROIs in all frequency bands of interest. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed between FC measures and NP test scores at theta and alpha bands. CONCLUSION The increased localization power at alpha band may be an indication of the positive impact of exercise in patients with BECTS. Frequency band-specific alterations in FC among cortical regions were associated with the modulation of cognitive and NP functions. The significant correlation between FC and NP tests suggests that physical exercise may mitigate the severity of BECTS, thereby enhancing NP function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyan Raj Koirala
- Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Lab, Kwangwoon University, Department of Electronic Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongpyo Lee
- Epilepsy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyong Eom
- Epilepsy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Young Kim
- Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Lab, Kwangwoon University, Department of Electronic Engineering, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Heung Dong Kim
- Epilepsy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Höller Y, Bathke AC, Uhl A, Strobl N, Lang A, Bergmann J, Nardone R, Rossini F, Zauner H, Kirschner M, Jahanbekam A, Trinka E, Staffen W. Combining SPECT and Quantitative EEG Analysis for the Automated Differential Diagnosis of Disorders with Amnestic Symptoms. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:290. [PMID: 28936173 PMCID: PMC5594223 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and Electroencephalography (EEG) have become established tools in routine diagnostics of dementia. We aimed to increase the diagnostic power by combining quantitative markers from SPECT and EEG for differential diagnosis of disorders with amnestic symptoms. We hypothesize that the combination of SPECT with measures of interaction (connectivity) in the EEG yields higher diagnostic accuracy than the single modalities. We examined 39 patients with Alzheimer's dementia (AD), 69 patients with depressive cognitive impairment (DCI), 71 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and 41 patients with amnestic subjective cognitive complaints (aSCC). We calculated 14 measures of interaction from a standard clinical EEG-recording and derived graph-theoretic network measures. From regional brain perfusion measured by 99mTc-hexamethyl-propylene-aminoxime (HMPAO)-SPECT in 46 regions, we calculated relative cerebral perfusion in these patients. Patient groups were classified pairwise with a linear support vector machine. Classification was conducted separately for each biomarker, and then again for each EEG- biomarker combined with SPECT. Combination of SPECT with EEG-biomarkers outperformed single use of SPECT or EEG when classifying aSCC vs. AD (90%), aMCI vs. AD (70%), and AD vs. DCI (100%), while a selection of EEG measures performed best when classifying aSCC vs. aMCI (82%) and aMCI vs. DCI (90%). Only the contrast between aSCC and DCI did not result in above-chance classification accuracy (60%). In general, accuracies were higher when measures of interaction (i.e., connectivity measures) were applied directly than when graph-theoretical measures were derived. We suggest that quantitative analysis of EEG and machine-learning techniques can support differentiating AD, aMCI, aSCC, and DCC, especially when being combined with imaging methods such as SPECT. Quantitative analysis of EEG connectivity could become an integral part for early differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Höller
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Arne C Bathke
- Department of Mathematics, Paris Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Andreas Uhl
- Multimedia Signal Processing and Security Lab, Department of Computer Sciences, Paris Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Nicolas Strobl
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Adelheid Lang
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paris Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Jürgen Bergmann
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Raffaele Nardone
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Franz Tappeiner HospitalMerano, Italy
| | - Fabio Rossini
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Harald Zauner
- Cardiovascular and Neurological Rehabilitation CenterGroßgmain, Austria
| | - Margarita Kirschner
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | | | - Eugen Trinka
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Staffen
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
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29
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Wang L, Wang W, Yan T, Song J, Yang W, Wang B, Go R, Huang Q, Wu J. Beta-Band Functional Connectivity Influences Audiovisual Integration in Older Age: An EEG Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:239. [PMID: 28824411 PMCID: PMC5545595 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Audiovisual integration occurs frequently and has been shown to exhibit age-related differences via behavior experiments or time-frequency analyses. In the present study, we examined whether functional connectivity influences audiovisual integration during normal aging. Visual, auditory, and audiovisual stimuli were randomly presented peripherally; during this time, participants were asked to respond immediately to the target stimulus. Electroencephalography recordings captured visual, auditory, and audiovisual processing in 12 old (60–78 years) and 12 young (22–28 years) male adults. For non-target stimuli, we focused on alpha (8–13 Hz), beta (13–30 Hz), and gamma (30–50 Hz) bands. We applied the Phase Lag Index to study the dynamics of functional connectivity. Then, the network topology parameters, which included the clustering coefficient, path length, small-worldness global efficiency, local efficiency and degree, were calculated for each condition. For the target stimulus, a race model was used to analyze the response time. Then, a Pearson correlation was used to test the relationship between each network topology parameters and response time. The results showed that old adults activated stronger connections during audiovisual processing in the beta band. The relationship between network topology parameters and the performance of audiovisual integration was detected only in old adults. Thus, we concluded that old adults who have a higher load during audiovisual integration need more cognitive resources. Furthermore, increased beta band functional connectivity influences the performance of audiovisual integration during normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Wang
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing, China
| | - Tianyi Yan
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing, China
| | - Jiayong Song
- The Affiliated High School of Peking UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Weiping Yang
- Department of Psychology, Hubei UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of TechnologyShanxi, China
| | - Ritsu Go
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of EducationBeijing, China
| | - Qiang Huang
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of EducationBeijing, China
| | - Jinglong Wu
- Intelligent Robotics Institute, School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory of Biomimetic Robots and Systems, Ministry of EducationBeijing, China
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30
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Höller Y, Butz K, Thomschewski A, Schmid E, Uhl A, Bathke AC, Zimmermann G, Tomasi SO, Nardone R, Staffen W, Höller P, Leitinger M, Höfler J, Kalss G, Taylor AC, Kuchukhidze G, Trinka E. Reliability of EEG Interactions Differs between Measures and Is Specific for Neurological Diseases. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:350. [PMID: 28725190 PMCID: PMC5496950 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of interaction (connectivity) of the EEG reflect pathological processes in patients with neurologic disorders. Nevertheless, it is questionable whether these patterns are reliable over time in different measures of interaction and whether this reliability of the measures is the same across different patient populations. In order to address this topic we examined 22 patients with mild cognitive impairment, five patients with subjective cognitive complaints, six patients with right-lateralized temporal lobe epilepsy, seven patients with left lateralized temporal lobe epilepsy, and 20 healthy controls. We calculated 14 measures of interaction from two EEG-recordings separated by 2 weeks. In order to characterize test-retest reliability, we correlated these measures for each group and compared the correlations between measures and between groups. We found that both measures of interaction as well as groups differed from each other in terms of reliability. The strongest correlation coefficients were found for spectrum, coherence, and full frequency directed transfer function (average rho > 0.9). In the delta (2–4 Hz) range, reliability was lower for mild cognitive impairment compared to healthy controls and left lateralized temporal lobe epilepsy. In the beta (13–30 Hz), gamma (31–80 Hz), and high gamma (81–125 Hz) frequency ranges we found decreased reliability in subjective cognitive complaints compared to mild cognitive impairment. In the gamma and high gamma range we found increased reliability in left lateralized temporal lobe epilepsy patients compared to healthy controls. Our results emphasize the importance of documenting reliability of measures of interaction, which may vary considerably between measures, but also between patient populations. We suggest that studies claiming clinical usefulness of measures of interaction should provide information on the reliability of the results. In addition, differences between patient groups in reliability of interactions in the EEG indicate the potential of reliability to serve as a new biomarker for pathological memory decline as well as for epilepsy. While the brain concert of information flow is generally variable, high reliability, and thus, low variability may reflect abnormal firing patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Höller
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Kevin Butz
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Aljoscha Thomschewski
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Schmid
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria
| | - Andreas Uhl
- Department of Computer Sciences, Paris Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Arne C Bathke
- Department of Mathematics, Paris Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Georg Zimmermann
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria.,Department of Mathematics, Paris Lodron University of SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Santino O Tomasi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Christian Doppler Medical Centre, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Raffaele Nardone
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria.,Department of Neurology, Franz Tappeiner HospitalMerano, Italy
| | - Wolfgang Staffen
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Peter Höller
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria
| | - Markus Leitinger
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Julia Höfler
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Gudrun Kalss
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Alexandra C Taylor
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Giorgi Kuchukhidze
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Eugen Trinka
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Centre and Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg, Austria
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31
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Giovanni A, Capone F, di Biase L, Ferreri F, Florio L, Guerra A, Marano M, Paolucci M, Ranieri F, Salomone G, Tombini M, Thut G, Di Lazzaro V. Oscillatory Activities in Neurological Disorders of Elderly: Biomarkers to Target for Neuromodulation. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:189. [PMID: 28659788 PMCID: PMC5468377 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been under investigation as adjunct treatment of various neurological disorders with variable success. One challenge is the limited knowledge on what would be effective neuronal targets for an intervention, combined with limited knowledge on the neuronal mechanisms of NIBS. Motivated on the one hand by recent evidence that oscillatory activities in neural systems play a role in orchestrating brain functions and dysfunctions, in particular those of neurological disorders specific of elderly patients, and on the other hand that NIBS techniques may be used to interact with these brain oscillations in a controlled way, we here explore the potential of modulating brain oscillations as an effective strategy for clinical NIBS interventions. We first review the evidence for abnormal oscillatory profiles to be associated with a range of neurological disorders of elderly (e.g., Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), stroke, epilepsy), and for these signals of abnormal network activity to normalize with treatment, and/or to be predictive of disease progression or recovery. We then ask the question to what extent existing NIBS protocols have been tailored to interact with these oscillations and possibly associated dysfunctions. Our review shows that, despite evidence for both reliable neurophysiological markers of specific oscillatory dis-functionalities in neurological disorders and NIBS protocols potentially able to interact with them, there are few applications of NIBS aiming to explore clinical outcomes of this interaction. Our review article aims to point out oscillatory markers of neurological, which are also suitable targets for modification by NIBS, in order to facilitate in future studies the matching of technical application to clinical targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assenza Giovanni
- Clinical Neurology, Campus Biomedico University of RomeRome, Italy
| | | | - Lazzaro di Biase
- Clinical Neurology, Campus Biomedico University of RomeRome, Italy
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxford, United Kingdom
| | - Florinda Ferreri
- Clinical Neurology, Campus Biomedico University of RomeRome, Italy
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern FinlandKuopio, Finland
| | - Lucia Florio
- Clinical Neurology, Campus Biomedico University of RomeRome, Italy
| | - Andrea Guerra
- Clinical Neurology, Campus Biomedico University of RomeRome, Italy
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxford, United Kingdom
| | - Massimo Marano
- Clinical Neurology, Campus Biomedico University of RomeRome, Italy
| | - Matteo Paolucci
- Clinical Neurology, Campus Biomedico University of RomeRome, Italy
| | - Federico Ranieri
- Clinical Neurology, Campus Biomedico University of RomeRome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Salomone
- Clinical Neurology, Campus Biomedico University of RomeRome, Italy
| | - Mario Tombini
- Clinical Neurology, Campus Biomedico University of RomeRome, Italy
| | - Gregor Thut
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging (CCNi), Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of GlasgowGlasgow, United Kingdom
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32
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Barban F, Mancini M, Cercignani M, Adriano F, Perri R, Annicchiarico R, Carlesimo GA, Ricci C, Lombardi MG, Teodonno V, Serra L, Giulietti G, Fadda L, Federici A, Caltagirone C, Bozzali M. A Pilot Study on Brain Plasticity of Functional Connectivity Modulated by Cognitive Training in Mild Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Brain Sci 2017; 7:brainsci7050050. [PMID: 28468232 PMCID: PMC5447932 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci7050050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) alters the functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) but also the topological properties of the functional connectome. Cognitive training (CT) is a tool to slow down AD progression and is likely to impact on functional connectivity. In this pilot study, we aimed at investigating brain functional changes after a period of CT and active control (AC) in a group of 26 subjects with mild AD (mAD), 26 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and a control group of 29 healthy elderly (HE) people. They all underwent a CT and AC in a counterbalanced order following a crossover design. Resting-state functional MRI and neuropsychological testing were acquired before and after each period. We tested post-CT and post-AC changes of cognitive abilities, of the functional connectivity of the DMN, and of topological network properties derived from graph theory and network-based statistics. Only CT produced functional changes, increasing the functional connectivity of the posterior DMN in all three groups. mAD also showed functional changes in the medial temporal lobe and topological changes in the anterior cingulum, whereas aMCI showed more widespread topological changes involving the frontal lobes, the cerebellum and the thalamus. Our results suggest specific functional connectivity changes after CT for aMCI and mAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Barban
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Berlin 10117, Germany.
| | - Matteo Mancini
- Department of Engineering, University of Rome "Roma Tre", Rome 00146, Italy.
| | - Mara Cercignani
- Clinical Imaging Sciences Centre, Brighton and Sussex and Medical School, Brighton BN1 9RR, UK.
| | - Fulvia Adriano
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
| | - Roberta Perri
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
| | - Roberta Annicchiarico
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
- Department of Systemic Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome 00173, Italy.
| | - Claudia Ricci
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
| | - Maria Giovanna Lombardi
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
| | - Valeria Teodonno
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
| | - Laura Serra
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Giulietti
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
| | - Lucia Fadda
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
- Department of Systemic Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome 00173, Italy.
| | - Alessia Federici
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Clinical and Behavioral Neurology Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
- Department of Systemic Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome 00173, Italy.
| | - Marco Bozzali
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome 00179, Italy.
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33
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Coordinative task difficulty and behavioural errors are associated with increased long-range beta band synchronization. Neuroimage 2017; 146:883-893. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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34
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Cognitive interventions in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: emerging mechanisms and role of imaging. Curr Opin Neurol 2016; 29:405-11. [PMID: 27213773 PMCID: PMC4939805 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000000346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review There has been recent debate about the lack of compelling scientific evidence on the efficacy of cognitive interventions. The goal of this study is to review the current state of cognitive interventions in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, present emerging mechanisms, and discuss the role of imaging in designing effective intervention strategies. Recent findings Cognitive interventions appear to be promising in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Although feasibility has been shown in mild cognitive impairment, early Alzheimer's disease, and mild to moderate Parkinson's disease, studies to investigate long-term efficacy and mechanisms underlying these interventions are still needed. Summary There is a need to conduct scientifically rigorous studies to validate the efficacy of cognitive intervention trials. Future studies will greatly benefit from including longitudinal imaging in their study design. Imaging can be used to demonstrate the efficacy and mechanisms by measuring brain changes over the intervention period. Imaging can also be used to determine biological and disease-related factors that may influence the treatment response, that is, the effect modifiers. Consideration of effect modifiers will allow us to measure the treatment response in biomarkers and cognition with greater sensitivity and also aid in designing trials that will lead to better patient outcomes.
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