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Dagbasi A, Warner J, Catterall V, Smith K, Crabtree DR, Carroll B, Frost G, Holliday A. Augmented gut hormone response to feeding in older adults exhibiting low appetite. Appetite 2024; 201:107415. [PMID: 38761969 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Age-related changes in gut hormones may play a role in anorexia of ageing. The aim of this study was to determine concentrations of ghrelin, PYY, and GLP-1 in older adults exhibiting an anorexia of ageing phenotype. Thirteen older adults with healthy appetite (OA-HA; 8f, 75 ± 7 years, 26.0 ± 3.2 kg m-2), fifteen older adults with low appetite (OA-LA; 10f, 72 ± 7 years, 23.6 ± 3.1 kg m-2), and twelve young adults (YA; 6f, 22 ± 2 years, 24.4 ± 2.0 kg m-2) completed the study. Healthy appetite and low appetite were determined based on BMI, habitual energy intake, self-reported appetite, and laboratory-assessed ad libitum lunch intake. Participants provided a fasted measure of subjective appetite and blood sample (0 min) before consuming a standardised breakfast (450 kcal). Appetite was measured and blood samples were drawn throughout a 240-min rest period. At 240 min, an ad libitum lunch meal was consumed. Relative intake at lunch (expressed as percentage of estimated total energy requirement) was lower for OA-LA (19.8 ± 7.7%) than YA (41.5 ± 9.2%, p < 0.001) and OA-HA (37.3 ± 10.0%, p < 0.001). Ghrelin suppression was greater for OA-LA (net AUC, -78719 ± 74788 pg mL-1·240min-1) than both YA (-23899 ± 27733 pg mL-1·240min-1, p = 0.016) and OA-HA (-21144 ± 31161 pg mL-1·240min-1, p = 0.009). There were trends for higher GLP-1 concentrations in OA-LA compared with YA at 90 min (8.85 ± 10.4 pM vs. 1.88 ± 4.63 pM, p = 0.073) and 180 min (5.00 ± 4.71 pM vs. 1.07 ± 2.83 pM, p = 0.065). There was a trend for a greater PYY response for OA-LA compared with OA-HA (net AUC p = 0.062). "Anorexigenic response score" - a composite score of gut hormone responses to feeding - showed greater anorexigenic response in OA-LA, compared with YA and OA-HA. No differences were seen in subjective appetite. These observations suggest augmented anorexigenic responses of gut hormones to feeding may be causal mechanisms of anorexia of ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aygul Dagbasi
- Section of Nutrition, Imperial College London, 6th Floor Commonwealth Building, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jordan Warner
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Victoria Catterall
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Kieran Smith
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel R Crabtree
- The Rowett Institute, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Bernadette Carroll
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, UK
| | - Gary Frost
- Section of Nutrition, Imperial College London, 6th Floor Commonwealth Building, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Adrian Holliday
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional, and Sport Science, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; Human Nutrition and Exercise Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
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Weng V, Wiles N, Jenkins D, Amanatidis S, Kidd JC, Walsh JA, Baillie AJ, Naganathan V. The effectiveness of a home-based dietetic intervention for community-dwelling older adults. Australas J Ageing 2024; 43:297-305. [PMID: 38217875 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of clients receiving home-based dietetic intervention and to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions in improving nutritional status, functional status, and quality of life in a culturally and socioeconomically diverse client group. METHODS Participants referred to a home-based dietetic service were recruited to this prospective cohort study. Dietetic interventions were recommended at baseline and reviewed at 3-month follow-up. Assessment of nutritional, functional and quality of life markers was measured using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Timed Up and Go (TUG) and EQ-5D-5L, respectively, at baseline and after home-based dietetic intervention. RESULTS Participants (n = 99) were recruited from consecutive referrals. Participant's weight, body mass index (BMI), total daily energy and protein intake, MNA total score, and TUG significantly improved after a 3-month nutrition intervention (effect sizes 0.257, 0.257, 0.580, 0.533, 0.577 and 0.281, respectively). The most common interventions dietitians utilised were nutrition education, use of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) and meal fortification. In total, 339 dietetic interventions were recommended to participants at baseline with 197 (58.11%) implemented at 3 months, with meal planning and referral to other relevant allied health or Commonwealth Home Support Program (CHSP) services the most implemented interventions. CONCLUSIONS Home-based dietetic intervention improves nutritional status, functional status and quality of life in community-dwelling older adults referred for dietetic input. Improvements observed in nutritional and functional status were consistent with benchmarks of change from published literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Weng
- Community Nutrition, Primary and Community Health, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicole Wiles
- Home Based Therapy, Aged Health Chronic Care and Rehabilitation, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deanna Jenkins
- Home Based Therapy, Aged Health Chronic Care and Rehabilitation, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sue Amanatidis
- Home Based Therapy, Aged Health Chronic Care and Rehabilitation, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joanna C Kidd
- Department of Speech Pathology, Campbelltown Hospital, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jessica A Walsh
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew J Baillie
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vasi Naganathan
- Home Based Therapy, Aged Health Chronic Care and Rehabilitation, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Concord Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Dericioglu D, Methven L, Clegg ME. Understanding age-related changes: exploring the interplay of protein intake, physical activity and appetite in the ageing population. Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38557431 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124002192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Globally, we are currently facing a rapid demographic shift leading to an increase in the proportion of older adults within the population. This raises concerns about the potential increase in age-related diseases and their impact on our ability to provide adequate health and end-of-life care. To apply appropriate interventions, understanding the changes that happen with ageing becomes essential. Ageing is often accompanied by a decrease in appetite and physical activity, which may lead to malnutrition, resulting in decreased muscle mass, physical capabilities and independence. To preserve muscle mass, older adults are advised to increase protein intake and physical activity. However, protein's high satiating effect may cause reduced energy intake. Physical activity is also advised to maintain or enhance older adult's appetite. This review paper aims to discuss appetite-related changes that occur with ageing and their consequences. In particular, it will focus on investigating the relationship between protein intake and physical activity and their impact on appetite and energy intake in the ageing population. Recent studies suggest that physical activity might contribute to maintaining or enhancing appetite in older adults. Nevertheless, establishing a definitive consensus on the satiating effect of protein in ageing remains a work in progress, despite some promising results in the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Dericioglu
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, ReadingRG6 6DZ, UK
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
| | - Lisa Methven
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
- Food Research Group, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading,Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Miriam E Clegg
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, ReadingRG6 6DZ, UK
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Vidaña-Espinoza HJ, López-Teros MT, Esparza-Romero J, Rosas-Carrasco O, Luna-López A, Alemán Mateo H. Association between the risk of malnutrition and sarcopenia at 4.2 years of follow-up in community-dwelling older adults. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1363977. [PMID: 38476442 PMCID: PMC10929268 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1363977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Currently, there is only scarce evidence of a causal association between risk of malnutrition (RM) by the mini-nutritional assessment (MNA) and the incidence of sarcopenia. This study was designed to assess such an association at 4.2 years of follow-up in community-dwelling subjects over 60 years old. Methods The data used were from the FraDySMex cohort study. The exposition variables were RM diagnosed by the long forma of the MNA (MNA-LF) and short form (MNA-SF). The last one included the body mass index and calf circumference at baseline, while sarcopenia was diagnosed by the EWGSOP2 at follow-up and taken as the response variable. Several covariates involved in the association were also considered. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to test the association. Results At baseline, 27.0 and 37.9% of subjects had RM by the MNA-LF and MNA-SF, respectively. The incidence of sarcopenia was 13.7%. The fat mass variable significantly modified the association, so it was tested in each stratum. Two independent models showed that subjects with RM by the MNA-LF in the normal fat mass stratum were at a higher risk for developing sarcopenia at follow-up than those without RM (OR 9.28; IC 95% 1.57-54.76) after adjusting for age, sex, and waist circumference. No association was found for the excess fat mass stratum subjects. Subjects with RM by the MNA-SF in the excess fat mass stratum were more likely to develop sarcopenia at follow-up than those without RM by the MNA-SF (OR 3.67; IC 95% 1.29-10.43). This association was not found in the subjects in the normal fat mass stratum. Conclusion The association was dependent on the variable fat mass. The two forms of the MNA should not be applied indistinctly with older adults. Based on these results, it is clear that the risk of malnutrition precedes the onset of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J. Vidaña-Espinoza
- Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), A.C., Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Miriam T. López-Teros
- Centro de Evaluación del Adulto Mayor, Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Julián Esparza-Romero
- Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), A.C., Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Oscar Rosas-Carrasco
- Centro de Evaluación del Adulto Mayor, Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Armando Luna-López
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Heliodoro Alemán Mateo
- Coordinación de Nutrición, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD), A.C., Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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Couvert A, Lacaze L, Touboulic S, Gautier S, Guérin S, Randuineau G, Romé V, Malbert CH, Val-Laillet D, Derbré F, Thibault R. The Yucatan minipig model: A new preclinical model of malnutrition in obese patients with acute or chronic diseases. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:357-365. [PMID: 38142480 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Malnutrition can develop in patients with obesity suffering from acute or chronic illness or after obesity surgery, promoting sarcopenic obesity. A better understanding of this pathophysiology and the development of new therapeutics for chronic diseases, that are often complicated with malnutrition and obesity, justify the development of new animal experimental models close to the human physiology. This study aims to characterize the effects of obesity and underfeeding on Yucatan obese minipigs, assessing its validity as a preclinical model for obesity-related malnutrition. METHODS Sixteen 30-month-old Yucatan minipigs were divided into two groups for 8 weeks: a standard diet group (ST, n = 5) and an obesogenic diet group (OB, n = 11). After 8 weeks, the OB group was further divided into two sub-groups: a standard diet group (OB-ST, n = 5) and a low-calorie/low-protein diet group (OB-LC/LP, n = 6) for 8 weeks. Body composition by CT-Scan and blood parameters were monitored, and trapezius muscle biopsies were collected to analyse signaling pathways involved in protein turnover and energy metabolism. RESULTS At W8, OB-ST animals exhibited significantly higher body weight (+37.7%, p = 0.03), muscle mass (+24.9%, p = 0.02), and visceral fat (+192.0%, p = 0.03) compared to ST. Trapezius cross sectional area (CSA) normalized to body weight was lower in OB-ST animals (-15.02%, p = 0.017). At W16, no significant changes were observed in protein turnover markers, although REDD1 increased in OB-ST (96.4%, p = 0.02). After 8 weeks of low-caloric/low protein diet, OB-LC/LP showed decreased body weight (-9.8%, p = 0.03), muscle mass (-6.5%, p = 0.03), and visceral fat (-41.5%, p = 0.03) compared to OB-ST animals. Trapezius fiber CSA significantly decreased in OB-LC/LP (-36.1%, p < 0.0001) and normalized to body weight (-25.4%, p < 0.0001), combined to higher ubiquitinated protein content (+38.3%, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Our data support that the Yucatan minipig model mimics nutritional and skeletal muscle phenotypes observed in obese patients, with or without protein-energy malnutrition. It also reproduces muscle atrophy observed in chronic diseases or post-obesity surgery, making it a promising preclinical model for obesity-related malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaëlle Couvert
- Laboratory "Movement Sport and Health Sciences" EA 7470, University of Rennes, ENS Rennes, 35170 Bruz, France; Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie-Nutrition, Centre labellisé de nutrition parentérale au domicile, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Laurence Lacaze
- Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie-Nutrition, Centre labellisé de nutrition parentérale au domicile, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France; INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, NuMeCan, Nutrition Metabolisms Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - Steve Touboulic
- INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, NuMeCan, Nutrition Metabolisms Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - Sandrine Gautier
- Laboratory "Movement Sport and Health Sciences" EA 7470, University of Rennes, ENS Rennes, 35170 Bruz, France
| | - Sylvie Guérin
- INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, NuMeCan, Nutrition Metabolisms Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - Gwénaëlle Randuineau
- INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, NuMeCan, Nutrition Metabolisms Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - Véronique Romé
- INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, NuMeCan, Nutrition Metabolisms Cancer, Rennes, France
| | | | - David Val-Laillet
- INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, NuMeCan, Nutrition Metabolisms Cancer, Rennes, France
| | - Frédéric Derbré
- Laboratory "Movement Sport and Health Sciences" EA 7470, University of Rennes, ENS Rennes, 35170 Bruz, France.
| | - Ronan Thibault
- Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie-Nutrition, Centre labellisé de nutrition parentérale au domicile, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France; INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, NuMeCan, Nutrition Metabolisms Cancer, Rennes, France.
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Shiota C, Kusama T, Takeuchi K, Kiuchi S, Osaka K. Oral Hypofunction and Risk of Weight Change among Independent Older Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:4370. [PMID: 37892444 PMCID: PMC10610140 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral health is essential for nutritional status; however, little is known about its association with weight change. This study aimed to investigate whether the risk of weight change differs according to the presence of each important component of oral hypofunction (fewer remaining teeth, low chewing efficiency, swallowing problems, and xerostomia) among independent older adults. This was a three-year follow-up cohort study based on self-reported questionnaires. The participants were independent older adults aged ≥65 from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES). We used >5% weight loss/gain during follow-up as the outcome variables, and the number of remaining teeth (≥20/10-19/0-9), the presence of chewing difficulty, swallowing problems, and xerostomia (yes/no) as the exposure variables. We fitted the Poisson regression model, including possible confounders to estimate the risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For weight loss, RRs were significantly higher among those with 0-9 remaining teeth (RR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.11-1.23), chewing difficulty (RR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.07-1.16), and xerostomia (RR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.06-1.16), but there was no significant association with swallowing problems (RR = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.97-1.06). For weight gain, we also found similar associations with oral hypofunction. Oral hypofunction among older adults could have non-negligible health impacts on nutritional status.
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Grants
- 15H01972, 19H03861, 22K17265, 22H03299 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- H28-Choju-Ippan-002, 23FA1022 Health Labour Sciences Research Grant
- JP18dk0110027, JP18ls0110002, JP18le0110009, JP20dk0110034, JP21lk0310073, JP21dk0110037, JP22lk0310087, JP22rea522107 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- OPERA, JPMJOP1831 Open Innovation Platform with Enterprises, Research Institute and Academia
- 1-4 a grant from Innovative Research Program on Suicide Countermeasures
- adopted number: 19-2-06 a grant from Sasakawa Sports Foundation, a grant from Japan Health Promotion & Fitness Foundation, a grant from Chiba Foundation for Health Promotion & Disease Prevention, the 8020 Research Grant for fiscal 2019 from the 8020 Promotion Foundation
- 29-42, 30-22,20-19, 21-20 grants from Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare and the Research Funding for Longevity Sciences from National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology
- JPMJSP2114 JST SPRING
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Shiota
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (C.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Taro Kusama
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (C.S.); (T.K.)
- Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (C.S.); (T.K.)
- Division of Statistics and Data Science, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Sakura Kiuchi
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (C.S.); (T.K.)
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ken Osaka
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (C.S.); (T.K.)
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Massimino E, Izzo A, Castaldo C, Amoroso AP, Rivellese AA, Capaldo B, Della Pepa G. Dietary micronutrient adequacies and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a population of older adults with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 57:337-345. [PMID: 37739677 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There are few data on micronutrient intake in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their adherence to the Mediterranean diet, a dietary pattern rich in micronutrients. In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the prevalence of adequacy in micronutrient intake according to the recommendations, and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet in older adults with T2D. METHODS One hundred thirty-eight patients (47 women and 91 men) with T2D aged over 65 years were included. Dietary habits were assessed by three 24-h dietary recalls. The micronutrient intake, expressed as mean daily intake, and adequacy were compared with the dietary recommendations proposed by the Italian Society of Human Nutrition (LARN) and the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated by the MEDI-quest score. RESULTS An extremely low proportion of participants (∼1%) adhered to the recommendations for potassium and vitamin D intake. A low proportion of participants adhered to the recommendations for calcium (∼23%), magnesium (∼16%), selenium (∼17%), vitamin E (∼14%), riboflavin (∼28%), vitamin B6 (∼29%), folate (∼25%), and niacin (∼27%) intake. More than 60% of the population adhered to the recommendations for iron, copper, vitamin A and B12 intake. Only 53% of the population showed high adherence to the Mediterranean diet. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that a very low proportion of older adults with T2D meet the recommendations for ten micronutrients (calcium, potassium, magnesium, selenium, vitamin D, vitamin E, riboflavin, vitamin B6, folate, and niacin) with an unsatisfactory adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Nutritional approaches aimed at favoring adherence to dietary recommendations and increasing the consumption of foods rich in micronutrients should be implemented in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Massimino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Izzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Castaldo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Amoroso
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Albarosa Rivellese
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Brunella Capaldo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Della Pepa
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council-CNR, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Althaiban MA, Aljefree NM, Almoraie NM, Shatwan IM. Malnutrition is associated with increased disease risk in older people in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1149739. [PMID: 37077189 PMCID: PMC10106578 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1149739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThere is little research on the nutritional status of older people in Saudi Arabia. This study investigated the factors associated with the nutritional status of older people in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia. We hypothesized that older people who are at risk of malnutrition are at higher risk of different diseases.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study surveyed 271 people aged ≥60 years from October 2021 to January 2022. We collected data on demographics, body mass index, the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form, Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Eating Attitudes Test, and Household Dietary Diversity score.ResultsAmong the 271 participants, 13.3% were malnourished and 53.9% were at risk of malnutrition. The oral health (P < 0.001), depression (P < 0.001), and eating disorder (P < 0.002) scores were significantly associated with malnutrition. Congestive heart failure, asthma, peripheral vascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and hypertension were more prevalent among malnourished participants—this supports our original hypothesis. The HDD score showed no significant differences between men and women.ConclusionMalnutrition was associated with overweight or obesity, poor oral health, and depression. Older people in the Makkah region, Saudi Arabia, had a high risk of malnutrition.
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Clegg ME, Methven L, Lanham-New SA, Green MA, Duggal NA, Hetherington MM. The Food4Years Ageing Network: Improving foods and diets as a strategy for supporting quality of life, independence and healthspan in older adults. NUTR BULL 2023; 48:124-133. [PMID: 36718711 PMCID: PMC10946951 DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
By 2050, it is predicted that one in four people in the United Kingdom will be aged 65 years and over. Increases in lifespan are not always translated into years spent in good health. Incidence rates for chronic diseases are increasing, with treatments allowing people to live longer with their disease. There is good evidence to support changes to lifestyle to maintain or improve body composition, cognitive health, musculoskeletal health, immune function and vascular health in older adults. Much research has been done in this area, which has produced significant support for foods and nutrients that contribute to improved healthspan. Yet two major barriers remain: firstly, older adult consumers are not meeting current UK recommendations for macro- and micronutrients that could benefit health and quality of life and secondly, the UK-specific recommendations may not be sufficient to support the ageing population, particularly for nutrients with key physiological roles. More work is needed to improve intakes of specific foods, diets and nutrients by older adults, through a variety of mechanisms including (i) development of specific food products; (ii) improved clarity of information and (iii) appropriate marketing, and policy changes to enable incentives. The Food4Years Ageing Network aims to build a wide-reaching and multidisciplinary community that is committed to the development, integration and communication of healthy, affordable foods and specific diets for all older adults across the UK food landscape. The Network will identify evidence-based strategies for improving food intake and nutrition in older adults, paving the way to "living well while living longer."
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam E Clegg
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Lisa Methven
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Susan A Lanham-New
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Mark A Green
- Department of Geography and Planning, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Niharika A Duggal
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | |
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