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Zhao Y, Guo R, Cao X, Zhang Y, Sun R, Lu W, Zhao M. Role of chemokines in T-cell acute lymphoblastic Leukemia: From pathogenesis to therapeutic options. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110396. [PMID: 37295031 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive subtype of hematologic malignancy, with limited therapeutic options due to the complexity of its pathogenesis. Although high-dose chemotherapy and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have improved outcomes for T-ALL patients, there remains an urgent need for novel treatments in cases of refractory or relapsed disease. Recent research has demonstrated the potential of targeted therapies aimed at specific molecular pathways to improve patient outcomes. Chemokine-related signals, both upstream and downstream, modulate the composition of distinct tumor microenvironments, thereby regulating a multitude of intricate cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, invasion and homing. Furthermore, the progress in research has made significant contributions to precision medicine by targeting chemokine-related pathways. This review article summarizes the crucial roles of chemokines and their receptors in T-ALL pathogenesis. Moreover, it explores the advantages and disadvantages of current and potential therapeutic options that target chemokine axes, including small molecule antagonists, monoclonal antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiFan Zhao
- First Center Clinic College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - RuiTing Guo
- First Center Clinic College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - XinPing Cao
- First Center Clinic College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- First Center Clinic College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Rui Sun
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - WenYi Lu
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - MingFeng Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
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2
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Effects of the Acetyltransferase p300 on Tumour Regulation from the Novel Perspective of Posttranslational Protein Modification. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030417. [PMID: 36979352 PMCID: PMC10046601 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
p300 acts as a transcription coactivator and an acetyltransferase that plays an important role in tumourigenesis and progression. In previous studies, it has been confirmed that p300 is an important regulator in regulating the evolution of malignant tumours and it also has extensive functions. From the perspective of non-posttranslational modification, it has been proven that p300 can participate in regulating many pathophysiological processes, such as activating oncogene transcription, promoting tumour cell growth, inducing apoptosis, regulating immune function and affecting embryo development. In recent years, p300 has been found to act as an acetyltransferase that catalyses a variety of protein modification types, such as acetylation, propanylation, butyylation, 2-hydroxyisobutyration, and lactylation. Under the catalysis of this acetyltransferase, it plays its crucial tumourigenic driving role in many malignant tumours. Therefore, the function of p300 acetyltransferase has gradually become a research hotspot. From a posttranslational modification perspective, p300 is involved in the activation of multiple transcription factors and additional processes that promote malignant biological behaviours, such as tumour cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as tumour cell apoptosis, drug resistance, and metabolism. Inhibitors of p300 have been developed and are expected to become novel anticancer drugs for several malignancies. We review the characteristics of the p300 protein and its functional role in tumour from the posttranslational modification perspective, as well as the current status of p300-related inhibitor research, with a view to gaining a comprehensive understanding of p300.
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3
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Whedon SD, Cole PA. KATs off: Biomedical insights from lysine acetyltransferase inhibitors. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 72:102255. [PMID: 36584580 PMCID: PMC9870960 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Lysine acetyltransferase (KAT) enzymes including the p300, MYST, and GCN5 families play major roles in modulating the structure of chromatin and regulating transcription. Because of their dysregulation in various disease states including cancer, efforts to develop inhibitors of KATs have steadily gained momentum. Here we provide an overview of recent progress on the development of high quality chemical probes of the p300 and MYST family of KATs and how they are emerging as useful tools for basic and translational investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D Whedon
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Philip A Cole
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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4
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Zhdanovskaya N, Lazzari S, Caprioglio D, Firrincieli M, Maioli C, Pace E, Imperio D, Talora C, Bellavia D, Checquolo S, Mori M, Screpanti I, Minassi A, Palermo R. Identification of a Novel Curcumin Derivative Influencing Notch Pathway and DNA Damage as a Potential Therapeutic Agent in T-ALL. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235772. [PMID: 36497257 PMCID: PMC9736653 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy considered curable by modern clinical management. Nevertheless, the prognosis for T-ALL high-risk cases or patients with relapsed and refractory disease is still dismal. Therefore, there is a keen interest in developing more efficient and less toxic therapeutic approaches. T-ALL pathogenesis is associated with Notch signaling alterations, making this pathway a highly promising target in the fight against T-ALL. Here, by exploring the anti-leukemic capacity of the natural polyphenol curcumin and its derivatives, we found that curcumin exposure impacts T-ALL cell line viability and decreases Notch signaling in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. However, our findings indicated that curcumin-mediated cell outcomes did not depend exclusively on Notch signaling inhibition, but might be mainly related to compound-induced DNA-damage-associated cell death. Furthermore, we identified a novel curcumin-based compound named CD2066, endowed with potentiated anti-proliferative activity in T-ALL compared to the parent molecule curcumin. At nanomolar concentrations, CD2066 antagonized Notch signaling, favored DNA damage, and acted synergistically with the CDK1 inhibitor Ro3306 in T-ALL cells, thus representing a promising novel candidate for developing therapeutic agents against Notch-dependent T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Zhdanovskaya
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Lazzari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Caprioglio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Maioli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Pace
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Imperio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Claudio Talora
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Bellavia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Saula Checquolo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Sapienza Università di Roma, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Mattia Mori
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Isabella Screpanti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Minassi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Rocco Palermo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (R.P.)
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5
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Pelullo M, Zema S, De Carolis M, Cialfi S, Giuli MV, Palermo R, Capalbo C, Giannini G, Screpanti I, Checquolo S, Bellavia D. 5FU/Oxaliplatin-Induced Jagged1 Cleavage Counteracts Apoptosis Induction in Colorectal Cancer: A Novel Mechanism of Intrinsic Drug Resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:918763. [PMID: 35847908 PMCID: PMC9283835 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.918763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by early metastasis, resistance to anti-cancer therapy, and high mortality rate. Despite considerable progress in the development of new treatment options that improved survival benefits in patients with early-stage or advanced CRC, many patients relapse due to the activation of intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance mechanisms. Recently, we reported novel findings about the role of Jagged1 in CRC tumors with Kras signatures. We showed that Jagged1 is a novel proteolytic target of Kras signaling, which induces Jagged1 processing/activation resulting in Jag1-ICD release, which favors tumor development in vivo, through a non-canonical mechanism. Herein, we demonstrate that OXP and 5FU cause a strong accumulation of Jag1-ICD oncogene, through ERK1/2 activation, unveiling a surviving subpopulation with an enforced Jag1-ICD expression, presenting the ability to counteract OXP/5FU-induced apoptosis. Remarkably, we also clarify the clinical ineffectiveness of γ-secretase inhibitors (GSIs) in metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients. Indeed, we show that GSI compounds trigger Jag1-ICD release, which promotes cellular growth and EMT processes, functioning as tumor-promoting agents in CRC cells overexpressing Jagged1. We finally demonstrate that Jagged1 silencing in OXP- or 5FU-resistant subpopulations is enough to restore the sensitivity to chemotherapy, confirming that drug sensitivity/resistance is Jag1-ICD-dependent, suggesting Jagged1 as a molecular predictive marker for the outcome of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pelullo
- CLN2S - Center for Life Nano- & Neuro Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Zema
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela De Carolis
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Samantha Cialfi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Valeria Giuli
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Palermo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Capalbo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Screpanti
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Saula Checquolo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
- *Correspondence: Saula Checquolo, ; Diana Bellavia,
| | - Diana Bellavia
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Saula Checquolo, ; Diana Bellavia,
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6
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Abstract
Histone lysine methylation plays a key role in gene activation and repression. The trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine-27 (H3K27me3) is a critical epigenetic event that is controlled by Jumonji domain-containing protein-3 (JMJD3). JMJD3 is a histone demethylase that specifically removes methyl groups. Previous studies have suggested that JMJD3 has a dual role in cancer cells. JMJD3 stimulates the expression of proliferative-related genes and increases tumor cell growth, propagation, and migration in various cancers, including neural, prostate, ovary, skin, esophagus, leukemia, hepatic, head and neck, renal, lymphoma, and lung. In contrast, JMJD3 can suppress the propagation of tumor cells, and enhance their apoptosis in colorectal, breast, and pancreatic cancers. In this review, we summarized the recent advances of JMJD3 function in cancer cells.
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7
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Zhang Q, Zhu Z, Guan J, Hu Y, Zhou W, Ye W, Lin B, Weng S, Chen Y, Zheng C. Hes1 Controls Proliferation and Apoptosis in Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells by Modulating PTEN Expression. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:1419-1430. [PMID: 35704163 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00476-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hairy and enhancer of split homolog-1 (HES1), regulated by the Notch, has been reported to play important roles in the immune response and cancers, such as leukemia. In this study, we aim to explore the effect of HES1-mediated Notch1 signaling pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assay were conducted to determine the expression of HES1, Notch1, and PTEN in B lymphocytes of peripheral blood samples of 60 CLL patients. We used lentivirus-mediated overexpression or silencing of HES1 and the Notch1 signaling pathway inhibitor, MW167, to detect the interaction among HES1, Notch1, and PTEN in CLL MEC1 and HG3 cells. MTT assay and flow cytometry were employed for detection of biological behaviors of CLL cells. HES1 and Notch1 showed high expression, but PTEN displayed low expression in B lymphocytes of peripheral blood samples of patients with CLL in association with poor prognosis. HES1 bound to the promoter region of PTEN and reduced PTEN expression. Overexpression of HES1 activated the Notch1 signaling pathway, thus promoting the proliferation of CLL cells, increasing the proportion of cells arrested at the S phase and limiting the apoptosis of CLL cells. Collectively, HES1 can promote activation of the Notch1 signaling pathway to cause PTEN transcription inhibition and the subsequent expression reduction, thereby promoting the proliferation and inhibiting the apoptosis of CLL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikai Zhang
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongsi Zhu
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiang Guan
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Hu
- Department of Haematology and Chemotherapy, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Theorem Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjin Zhou
- Department of Chemotherapy, Cancer Hospital of The University of Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou Campus, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanchun Ye
- Department of Chemotherapy, Cancer Hospital of The University of Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou Campus, Wenzhou, 325000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bijing Lin
- Department of Haematology and Chemotherapy, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Theorem Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Weng
- Department of Haematology and Chemotherapy, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Theorem Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuemiao Chen
- Department of Haematology and Chemotherapy, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Theorem Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Zheng
- Department of Haematology and Chemotherapy, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Theorem Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Grazioli P, Orlando A, Giordano N, Noce C, Peruzzi G, Abdollahzadeh B, Screpanti I, Campese AF. Notch-Signaling Deregulation Induces Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Front Immunol 2022; 13:809261. [PMID: 35444651 PMCID: PMC9013886 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.809261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch receptors deeply influence T-cell development and differentiation, and their dysregulation represents a frequent causative event in "T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia" (T-ALL). "Myeloid-derived suppressor cells" (MDSCs) inhibit host immune responses in the tumor environment, favoring cancer progression, as reported in solid and hematologic tumors, with the notable exception of T-ALL. Here, we prove that Notch-signaling deregulation in immature T cells promotes CD11b+Gr-1+ MDSCs in the Notch3-transgenic murine model of T-ALL. Indeed, aberrant T cells from these mice can induce MDSCs in vitro, as well as in immunodeficient hosts. Conversely, anti-Gr1-mediated depletion of MDSCs in T-ALL-bearing mice reduces proliferation and expansion of malignant T cells. Interestingly, the coculture with Notch-dependent T-ALL cell lines, sustains the induction of human CD14+HLA-DRlow/neg MDSCs from healthy-donor PBMCs that are impaired upon exposure to gamma-secretase inhibitors. Notch-independent T-ALL cells do not induce MDSCs, suggesting that Notch-signaling activation is crucial for this process. Finally, in both murine and human models, IL-6 mediates MDSC induction, which is significantly reversed by treatment with neutralizing antibodies. Overall, our results unveil a novel role of Notch-deregulated T cells in modifying the T-ALL environment and represent a strong premise for the clinical assessment of MDSCs in T-ALL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Grazioli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Orlando
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
| | - Nike Giordano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Noce
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Center for Life Nano- and Neuro-Science, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome, Italy
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9
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Sun W, Guo J, McClellan D, Poeschla A, Bareyan D, Casey MJ, Cairns BR, Tantin D, Engel ME. GFI1 Cooperates with IKZF1/IKAROS to Activate Gene Expression in T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:501-514. [PMID: 34980595 PMCID: PMC8983472 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Growth factor independence-1 (GFI1) is a transcriptional repressor and master regulator of normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Repression by GFI1 is attributable to recruitment of LSD1-containing protein complexes via its SNAG domain. However, the full complement of GFI1 partners in transcriptional control is not known. We show that in T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells, GFI1 and IKAROS are transcriptional partners that co-occupy regulatory regions of hallmark T-cell development genes. Transcriptional profiling reveals a subset of genes directly transactivated through the GFI1-IKAROS partnership. Among these is NOTCH3, a key factor in T-ALL pathogenesis. Surprisingly, NOTCH3 expression by GFI1 and IKAROS requires the GFI1 SNAG domain but occurs independent of SNAG-LSD1 binding. GFI1 variants deficient in LSD1 binding fail to activate NOTCH3, but conversely, small molecules that disrupt the SNAG-LSD1 interaction while leaving the SNAG primary structure intact stimulate NOTCH3 expression. These results identify a noncanonical transcriptional control mechanism in T-ALL which supports GFI1-mediated transactivation in partnership with IKAROS and suggest competition between LSD1-containing repressive complexes and others favoring transactivation. IMPLICATIONS Combinatorial diversity and cooperation between DNA binding proteins and complexes assembled by them can direct context-dependent transcriptional outputs to control cell fate and may offer new insights for therapeutic targeting in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Jingtao Guo
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - David McClellan
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alexandra Poeschla
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Diana Bareyan
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Mattie J. Casey
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Bradley R. Cairns
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Dean Tantin
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Michael E. Engel
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Primary Children’s Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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10
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El-Khazragy N, Abdel Aziz MA, Hesham M, Matbouly S, Mostafa SA, Bakkar A, Abouelnile M, Noufal Y, Mahran NA, Abd Elkhalek MA, Abdelmaksoud MF. Upregulation of leukemia-induced non-coding activator RNA (LUNAR1) predicts poor outcome in pediatric T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152149. [PMID: 34735923 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (T-ALL) accounts for around 10-15% of all lymphoblastic leukemia in children. Previous studies have proven that dysregulation of Leukemia-induced non-coding activator RNA-1 (LUNAR1) expression promotes T-ALL cell growth by enhancing the NOTCH1/IGF-1R signaling pathway. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of LUNAR1 in pediatric T-ALL, in addition, to find out its association with NOTCH1 and IGF-1R. The LUNAR1, NOTCH1, and IGF-IR gene expression were measured in peripheral blood (PB) samples of l85 children with T-ALL and forty non-leukemic samples as a control group. Cox regression analysis revealed that overexpression of LUNAR1, NOTCH1, and IGF-IR was significantly correlated with poor prognosis, short overall survival, and progression-free survival. We concluded that LUNAR1 could serve as an independent prognostic biomarker for T-ALL in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa El-Khazragy
- Department of Clinical Pathology-Hematology and Ain Shams Medical Research Institute (MASRI), Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | - Manar Hesham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safa Matbouly
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally Abdallah Mostafa
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Bakkar
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mariam Abouelnile
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yassmin Noufal
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nievin Ahmed Mahran
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Sinai University, Kanatra, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ali Abd Elkhalek
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Zhdanovskaya N, Firrincieli M, Lazzari S, Pace E, Scribani Rossi P, Felli MP, Talora C, Screpanti I, Palermo R. Targeting Notch to Maximize Chemotherapeutic Benefits: Rationale, Advanced Strategies, and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205106. [PMID: 34680255 PMCID: PMC8533696 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Notch signaling pathway regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, and differentiation in a context-dependent fashion both during embryonic development and in adult tissue homeostasis. Consistent with its pleiotropic physiological role, unproper activation of the signaling promotes or counteracts tumor pathogenesis and therapy response in distinct tissues. In the last twenty years, a wide number of studies have highlighted the anti-cancer potential of Notch-modulating agents as single treatment and in combination with the existent therapies. However, most of these strategies have failed in the clinical exploration due to dose-limiting toxicity and low efficacy, encouraging the development of novel agents and the design of more appropriate combinations between Notch signaling inhibitors and chemotherapeutic drugs with improved safety and effectiveness for distinct types of cancer. Abstract Notch signaling guides cell fate decisions by affecting proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, and differentiation depending on cell and tissue context. Given its multifaceted function during tissue development, both overactivation and loss of Notch signaling have been linked to tumorigenesis in ways that are either oncogenic or oncosuppressive, but always context-dependent. Notch signaling is critical for several mechanisms of chemoresistance including cancer stem cell maintenance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor-stroma interaction, and malignant neovascularization that makes its targeting an appealing strategy against tumor growth and recurrence. During the last decades, numerous Notch-interfering agents have been developed, and the abundant preclinical evidence has been transformed in orphan drug approval for few rare diseases. However, the majority of Notch-dependent malignancies remain untargeted, even if the application of Notch inhibitors alone or in combination with common chemotherapeutic drugs is being evaluated in clinical trials. The modest clinical success of current Notch-targeting strategies is mostly due to their limited efficacy and severe on-target toxicity in Notch-controlled healthy tissues. Here, we review the available preclinical and clinical evidence on combinatorial treatment between different Notch signaling inhibitors and existent chemotherapeutic drugs, providing a comprehensive picture of molecular mechanisms explaining the potential or lacking success of these combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Zhdanovskaya
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Mariarosaria Firrincieli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Lazzari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Eleonora Pace
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Pietro Scribani Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Maria Pia Felli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudio Talora
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Isabella Screpanti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Rocco Palermo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.P.)
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12
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Trivedi P, Patel SK, Bellavia D, Messina E, Palermo R, Ceccarelli S, Marchese C, Anastasiadou E, Minter LM, Felli MP. When Viruses Cross Developmental Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:691644. [PMID: 34422814 PMCID: PMC8375270 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.691644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant regulation of developmental pathways plays a key role in tumorigenesis. Tumor cells differ from normal cells in their sustained proliferation, replicative immortality, resistance to cell death and growth inhibition, angiogenesis, and metastatic behavior. Often they acquire these features as a consequence of dysregulated Hedgehog, Notch, or WNT signaling pathways. Human tumor viruses affect the cancer cell hallmarks by encoding oncogenic proteins, and/or by modifying the microenvironment, as well as by conveying genomic instability to accelerate cancer development. In addition, viral immune evasion mechanisms may compromise developmental pathways to accelerate tumor growth. Viruses achieve this by influencing both coding and non-coding gene regulatory pathways. Elucidating how oncogenic viruses intersect with and modulate developmental pathways is crucial to understanding viral tumorigenesis. Many currently available antiviral therapies target viral lytic cycle replication but with low efficacy and severe side effects. A greater understanding of the cross-signaling between oncogenic viruses and developmental pathways will improve the efficacy of next-generation inhibitors and pave the way to more targeted antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Trivedi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Diana Bellavia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Palermo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Ceccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Marchese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleni Anastasiadou
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lisa M Minter
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Maria Pia Felli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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13
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Sotomska M, Liefke R, Ferrante F, Schwederski H, Oswald F, Borggrefe T. SUMOylated non-canonical polycomb PRC1.6 complex as a prerequisite for recruitment of transcription factor RBPJ. Epigenetics Chromatin 2021; 14:38. [PMID: 34332624 PMCID: PMC8325870 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-021-00412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Notch signaling controls cell fate decisions in many contexts during development and adult stem cell homeostasis and, when dysregulated, leads to carcinogenesis. The central transcription factor RBPJ assembles the Notch coactivator complex in the presence of Notch signaling, and represses Notch target gene expression in its absence. RESULTS We identified L3MBTL2 and additional members of the non-canonical polycomb repressive PRC1.6 complex in DNA-bound RBPJ associated complexes and demonstrate that L3MBTL2 directly interacts with RBPJ. Depletion of RBPJ does not affect occupancy of PRC1.6 components at Notch target genes. Conversely, absence of L3MBTL2 reduces RBPJ occupancy at enhancers of Notch target genes. Since L3MBTL2 and additional members of the PRC1.6 are known to be SUMOylated, we investigated whether RBPJ uses SUMO-moieties as contact points. Indeed, we found that RBPJ binds to SUMO2/3 and that this interaction depends on a defined SUMO-interaction motif. Furthermore, we show that pharmacological inhibition of SUMOylation reduces RBPJ occupancy at Notch target genes. CONCLUSIONS We propose that the PRC1.6 complex and its conjugated SUMO-modifications provide a favorable environment for binding of RBPJ to Notch target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Sotomska
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Robert Liefke
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Tumor Research (IMT), Philipps University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein Strasse 2, 35043, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Marburg and Philipps University of Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Ferrante
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Heiko Schwederski
- Center for Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Medical Center Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Franz Oswald
- Center for Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Medical Center Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tilman Borggrefe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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14
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Sottoriva K, Pajcini KV. Notch Signaling in the Bone Marrow Lymphopoietic Niche. Front Immunol 2021; 12:723055. [PMID: 34394130 PMCID: PMC8355626 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.723055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifelong mammalian hematopoiesis requires continuous generation of mature blood cells that originate from Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPCs) situated in the post-natal Bone Marrow (BM). The BM microenvironment is inherently complex and extensive studies have been devoted to identifying the niche that maintains HSPC homeostasis and supports hematopoietic potential. The Notch signaling pathway is required for the emergence of the definitive Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC) during embryonic development, but its role in BM HSC homeostasis is convoluted. Recent work has begun to explore novel roles for the Notch signaling pathway in downstream progenitor populations. In this review, we will focus an important role for Notch signaling in the establishment of a T cell primed sub-population of Common Lymphoid Progenitors (CLPs). Given that its activation mechanism relies primarily on cell-to-cell contact, Notch signaling is an ideal means to investigate and define a novel BM lymphopoietic niche. We will discuss how new genetic model systems indicate a pre-thymic, BM-specific role for Notch activation in early T cell development and what this means to the paradigm of lymphoid lineage commitment. Lastly, we will examine how leukemic T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) blasts take advantage of Notch and downstream lymphoid signals in the pathological BM niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian Sottoriva
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kostandin V Pajcini
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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15
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Ng HL, Quail E, Cruickshank MN, Ulgiati D. To Be, or Notch to Be: Mediating Cell Fate from Embryogenesis to Lymphopoiesis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060849. [PMID: 34200313 PMCID: PMC8227657 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling forms an evolutionarily conserved juxtacrine pathway crucial for cellular development. Initially identified in Drosophila wing morphogenesis, Notch signaling has since been demonstrated to play pivotal roles in governing mammalian cellular development in a large variety of cell types. Indeed, abolishing Notch constituents in mouse models result in embryonic lethality, demonstrating that Notch signaling is critical for development and differentiation. In this review, we focus on the crucial role of Notch signaling in governing embryogenesis and differentiation of multiple progenitor cell types. Using hematopoiesis as a diverse cellular model, we highlight the role of Notch in regulating the cell fate of common lymphoid progenitors. Additionally, the influence of Notch through microenvironment interplay with lymphoid cells and how dysregulation influences disease processes is explored. Furthermore, bi-directional and lateral Notch signaling between ligand expressing source cells and target cells are investigated, indicating potentially novel therapeutic options for treatment of Notch-mediated diseases. Finally, we discuss the role of cis-inhibition in regulating Notch signaling in mammalian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Leng Ng
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK;
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (E.Q.); (M.N.C.)
| | - Elizabeth Quail
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (E.Q.); (M.N.C.)
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Mark N. Cruickshank
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (E.Q.); (M.N.C.)
| | - Daniela Ulgiati
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (E.Q.); (M.N.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-6457-1076
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16
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The Functions of the Demethylase JMJD3 in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020968. [PMID: 33478063 PMCID: PMC7835890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide. Epigenetic changes in response to external (diet, sports activities, etc.) and internal events are increasingly implicated in tumor initiation and progression. In this review, we focused on post-translational changes in histones and, more particularly, the tri methylation of lysine from histone 3 (H3K27me3) mark, a repressive epigenetic mark often under- or overexpressed in a wide range of cancers. Two actors regulate H3K27 methylation: Jumonji Domain-Containing Protein 3 demethylase (JMJD3) and Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) methyltransferase. A number of studies have highlighted the deregulation of these actors, which is why this scientific review will focus on the role of JMJD3 and, consequently, H3K27me3 in cancer development. Data on JMJD3’s involvement in cancer are classified by cancer type: nervous system, prostate, blood, colorectal, breast, lung, liver, ovarian, and gastric cancers.
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17
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Wang L, Huang Y, Liu C, Guo M, Ma Z, He J, Wang A, Sun X, Liu Z. Deltex3 inhibits Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma via promoting ubiquitination of XRCC5 to regulate the AKT signal pathway. J Cancer 2021; 12:860-873. [PMID: 33403043 PMCID: PMC7778541 DOI: 10.7150/jca.48141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the most common endocrine malignant tumors. Poor prognoses such as high recurrence rate always appear in PTC patients with cervical lymph node metastasis. The process of ubiquitination plays important roles in PTC. As ubiquitin E3 ligases, Deltex (DTX) family proteins were reported to associate with multiple cancers. However, functions and mechanisms of DTX3 in PTC are currently unknown. Methods: In this study, DTX3 expressions were examined in 114 PTC and paired paracancerous normal tissues through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The clinical significances of DTX3 expressions in PTC patients were also investigated. After stable transfection with either short hairpin RNA to knock down DTX3 expression or full-length complementary DNA to upregulate DTX3 expression, changes of malignant phenotypes in two PTC cell lines K1 and TPC-1 were observed using cell viability, flow cytometry, wound healing and transwell assays. Afterwards, altered expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and AKT signal pathway related proteins were measured by western blot. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry (IP-MS), immunofluorescence and Co-IP were utilized to identify the possible DTX3 interacting proteins. Results: Both mRNA and protein expressions of DTX3 were lower in PTC tissues and correlated with the presence of cervical lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). DTX3 overexpression inhibited migration and invasion of PTC cells, decreased Vimentin and phosphorylated AKT expressions, but promoted E-cadherin expression (P<0.05). Moreover, knockdown of DTX3 led to opposite changes (P<0.05). Total 46 probable DTX3 interacting proteins were identified by IP-MS. Among them, X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 (XRCC5) and NADH: Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Complex Assembly Factor 5 (NDUFAF5) were verified to be associated with DTX3. Moreover, DTX3 was proved to be co-localized with XRCC5 in nucleus and promote ubiquitination of XRCC5. Conclusions: DTX3 suppresses EMT by partially facilitating ubiquitination of XRCC5 to inhibit AKT signal pathway in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yonglian Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenxi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhennan Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingni He
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ailian Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodan Sun
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Transcription Factor RBPJ as a Molecular Switch in Regulating the Notch Response. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1287:9-30. [PMID: 33034023 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-55031-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Notch signal transduction cascade requires cell-to-cell contact and results in the proteolytic processing of the Notch receptor and subsequent assembly of a transcriptional coactivator complex containing the Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and transcription factor RBPJ. In the absence of a Notch signal, RBPJ remains at Notch target genes and dampens transcriptional output. Like in other signaling pathways, RBPJ is able to switch from activation to repression by associating with corepressor complexes containing several chromatin-modifying enzymes. Here, we focus on the recent advances concerning RBPJ-corepressor functions, especially in regard to chromatin regulation. We put this into the context of one of the best-studied model systems for Notch, blood cell development. Alterations in the RBPJ-corepressor functions can contribute to the development of leukemia, especially in the case of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The versatile role of transcription factor RBPJ in regulating pivotal target genes like c-MYC and HES1 may contribute to the better understanding of the development of leukemia.
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19
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Role of Notch Receptors in Hematologic Malignancies. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010016. [PMID: 33374160 PMCID: PMC7823720 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch receptors are single-pass transmembrane proteins that play a critical role in cell fate decisions and have been implicated in the regulation of many developmental processes. The human Notch family comprises of four receptors (Notch 1 to 4) and five ligands. Their signaling can regulate extremely basic cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation and death. Notch is also involved in hematopoiesis and angiogenesis, and increasing evidence suggests that these genes are involved and frequently deregulated in several human malignancies, contributing to cell autonomous activities that may be either oncogenic or tumor suppressive. It was recently proposed that Notch signaling could play an active role in promoting and sustaining a broad spectrum of lymphoid malignancies as well as mutations in Notch family members that are present in several disorders of T- and B-cells, which could be responsible for altering the related signaling. Therefore, different Notch pathway molecules could be considered as potential therapeutic targets for hematological cancers. In this review, we will summarize and discuss compelling evidence pointing to Notch receptors as pleiotropic regulators of hematologic malignancies biology, first describing the physiological role of their signaling in T- and B-cell development and homeostasis, in order to fully understand the pathological alterations reported.
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20
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Zema S, Pelullo M, Nardozza F, Felli MP, Screpanti I, Bellavia D. A Dynamic Role of Mastermind-Like 1: A Journey Through the Main (Path)ways Between Development and Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:613557. [PMID: 33425921 PMCID: PMC7787167 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.613557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Major signaling pathways, such as Notch, Hedgehog (Hh), Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo, are targeted by a plethora of physiological and pathological stimuli, ultimately resulting in the modulation of genes that act coordinately to establish specific biological processes. Many biological programs are strictly controlled by the assembly of multiprotein complexes into the nucleus, where a regulated recruitment of specific transcription factors and coactivators on gene promoter region leads to different transcriptional outcomes. MAML1 results to be a versatile coactivator, able to set up synergistic interlinking with pivotal signaling cascades and able to coordinate the network of cross-talking pathways. Accordingly, despite its original identification as a component of the Notch signaling pathway, several recent reports suggest a more articulated role for MAML1 protein, showing that it is able to sustain/empower Wnt/β-catenin, Hh and Hippo pathways, in a Notch-independent manner. For this reason, MAML1 may be associated to a molecular “switch”, with the function to control the activation of major signaling pathways, triggering in this way critical biological processes during embryonic and post-natal life. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the pleiotropic role played by MAML proteins, in particular MAML1, and we recapitulate how it takes part actively in physiological and pathological signaling networks. On this point, we also discuss the contribution of MAML proteins to malignant transformation. Accordingly, genetic alterations or impaired expression of MAML proteins may lead to a deregulated crosstalk among the pathways, culminating in a series of pathological disorders, including cancer development. Given their central role, a better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the interplay of MAML proteins with several signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis may open up novel opportunities for an attractive molecular targeted anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Zema
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | - Maria Pelullo
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Pia Felli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Diana Bellavia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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21
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Hosseini-Alghaderi S, Baron M. Notch3 in Development, Health and Disease. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030485. [PMID: 32210034 PMCID: PMC7175233 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch3 is one of four mammalian Notch proteins, which act as signalling receptors to control cell fate in many developmental and adult tissue contexts. Notch signalling continues to be important in the adult organism for tissue maintenance and renewal and mis-regulation of Notch is involved in many diseases. Genetic studies have shown that Notch3 gene knockouts are viable and have limited developmental defects, focussed mostly on defects in the arterial smooth muscle cell lineage. Additional studies have revealed overlapping roles for Notch3 with other Notch proteins, which widen the range of developmental functions. In the adult, Notch3, in collaboration with other Notch proteins, is involved in stem cell regulation in different tissues in stem cell regulation in different tissues, and it also controls the plasticity of the vascular smooth muscle phenotype involved in arterial vessel remodelling. Overexpression, gene amplification and mis-activation of Notch3 are associated with different cancers, in particular triple negative breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Mutations of Notch3 are associated with a dominantly inherited disease CADASIL (cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy), and there is further evidence linking Notch3 misregulation to hypertensive disease. Here we discuss the distinctive roles of Notch3 in development, health and disease, different views as to the underlying mechanisms of its activation and misregulation in different contexts and potential for therapeutic intervention.
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22
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Takam Kamga P, Collo GD, Resci F, Bazzoni R, Mercuri A, Quaglia FM, Tanasi I, Delfino P, Visco C, Bonifacio M, Krampera M. Notch Signaling Molecules as Prognostic Biomarkers for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1958. [PMID: 31817634 PMCID: PMC6966525 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of Notch signaling in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still under investigation. We have previously shown that high levels of Notch receptors and ligands could interfere with drug response. In this study, the protein expression of 79 AML blast samples collected from newly diagnosed patients was examined through flow cytometry. Gamma-secretase inhibitors were used in AML mouse xenograft models to evaluate the contribution of Notch pharmacological inhibition to mouse survival. We used univariate analysis for testing the correlation and/or association between protein expression and well-known prognostics markers. All the four receptors (Notch1-4) and some ligands (Jagged2, DLL-3) were highly expressed in less mature subtypes (M0-M1). Notch3, Notch4, and Jagged2 were overexpressed in an adverse cytogenetic risk group compared to good cytogenetic risk patients. Chi-square analysis revealed a positive association between the complete remission rate after induction therapy and weak expression of Notch2 and Notch3. We also found an association between low levels of Notch4 and Jagged2 and three-year remission following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Accordingly, Kaplan-Meier analysis showed improved OS for patients lacking significant expression of Notch4, Jagged2, and DLL3. In vivo experiments in an AML mouse model highlighted both improved survival and a significant reduction of leukemia cell burden in the bone marrow of mice treated with the combination of Notch pan-inhibitors (GSIs) plus chemotherapy (Ara-C). Our results suggest that Notch can be useful as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Takam Kamga
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi., P.le L. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (P.T.K.); (G.D.C.); (F.R.); (R.B.); (A.M.); (F.M.Q.); (I.T.); (C.V.); (M.B.)
- EA4340-BCOH, Biomarker in Cancerology and Onco-Haematology, UVSQ, Université Paris Saclay, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Giada Dal Collo
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi., P.le L. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (P.T.K.); (G.D.C.); (F.R.); (R.B.); (A.M.); (F.M.Q.); (I.T.); (C.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Federica Resci
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi., P.le L. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (P.T.K.); (G.D.C.); (F.R.); (R.B.); (A.M.); (F.M.Q.); (I.T.); (C.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Riccardo Bazzoni
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi., P.le L. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (P.T.K.); (G.D.C.); (F.R.); (R.B.); (A.M.); (F.M.Q.); (I.T.); (C.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Angela Mercuri
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi., P.le L. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (P.T.K.); (G.D.C.); (F.R.); (R.B.); (A.M.); (F.M.Q.); (I.T.); (C.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Francesca Maria Quaglia
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi., P.le L. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (P.T.K.); (G.D.C.); (F.R.); (R.B.); (A.M.); (F.M.Q.); (I.T.); (C.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Ilaria Tanasi
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi., P.le L. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (P.T.K.); (G.D.C.); (F.R.); (R.B.); (A.M.); (F.M.Q.); (I.T.); (C.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Pietro Delfino
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Carlo Visco
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi., P.le L. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (P.T.K.); (G.D.C.); (F.R.); (R.B.); (A.M.); (F.M.Q.); (I.T.); (C.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Massimiliano Bonifacio
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi., P.le L. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (P.T.K.); (G.D.C.); (F.R.); (R.B.); (A.M.); (F.M.Q.); (I.T.); (C.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Section of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Policlinico G.B. Rossi., P.le L. Scuro, 10, 37134 Verona, Italy; (P.T.K.); (G.D.C.); (F.R.); (R.B.); (A.M.); (F.M.Q.); (I.T.); (C.V.); (M.B.)
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Katoh M, Katoh M. Precision medicine for human cancers with Notch signaling dysregulation (Review). Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:279-297. [PMID: 31894255 PMCID: PMC6984804 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3 and NOTCH4 are transmembrane receptors that transduce juxtacrine signals of the delta-like canonical Notch ligand (DLL)1, DLL3, DLL4, jagged canonical Notch ligand (JAG)1 and JAG2. Canonical Notch signaling activates the transcription of BMI1 proto-oncogene polycomb ring finger, cyclin D1, CD44, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 1A, hes family bHLH transcription factor 1, hes related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 1, MYC, NOTCH3, RE1 silencing transcription factor and transcription factor 7 in a cellular context-dependent manner, while non-canonical Notch signaling activates NF-κB and Rac family small GTPase 1. Notch signaling is aberrantly activated in breast cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer and hematological malignancies, such as T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. However, Notch signaling is inactivated in small-cell lung cancer and squamous cell carcinomas. Loss-of-function NOTCH1 mutations are early events during esophageal tumorigenesis, whereas gain-of-function NOTCH1 mutations are late events during T-cell leukemogenesis and B-cell lymphomagenesis. Notch signaling cascades crosstalk with fibroblast growth factor and WNT signaling cascades in the tumor microenvironment to maintain cancer stem cells and remodel the tumor microenvironment. The Notch signaling network exerts oncogenic and tumor-suppressive effects in a cancer stage- or (sub)type-dependent manner. Small-molecule γ-secretase inhibitors (AL101, MRK-560, nirogacestat and others) and antibody-based biologics targeting Notch ligands or receptors [ABT-165, AMG 119, rovalpituzumab tesirine (Rova-T) and others] have been developed as investigational drugs. The DLL3-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) Rova-T, and DLL3-targeting chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells (CAR-Ts), AMG 119, are promising anti-cancer therapeutics, as are other ADCs or CAR-Ts targeting tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17, CD19, CD22, CD30, CD79B, CD205, Claudin 18.2, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)2, FGFR3, receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3, HER2, hepatocyte growth factor receptor, NECTIN4, inactive tyrosine-protein kinase 7, inactive tyrosine-protein kinase transmembrane receptor ROR1 and tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2. ADCs and CAR-Ts could alter the therapeutic framework for refractory cancers, especially diffuse-type gastric cancer, ovarian cancer and pancreatic cancer with peritoneal dissemination. Phase III clinical trials of Rova-T for patients with small-cell lung cancer and a phase III clinical trial of nirogacestat for patients with desmoid tumors are ongoing. Integration of human intelligence, cognitive computing and explainable artificial intelligence is necessary to construct a Notch-related knowledge-base and optimize Notch-targeted therapy for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masuko Katoh
- M & M PrecMed, Tokyo 113‑0033, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104‑0045, Japan
| | - Masaru Katoh
- Department of Omics Network, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104‑0045, Japan
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24
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Yin X, Yang S, Zhang M, Yue Y. The role and prospect of JMJD3 in stem cells and cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109384. [PMID: 31545292 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, stem cells are reported to be involved in tumor formation, drug resistance and recurrence. Inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells, promoting their senescence and apoptosis has been the most important anti-tumor therapy. Epigenetics is involved in the regulation of gene expression and is closely related to cancer and stem cells. It mainly includes DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling. Histone methylation and demethylation play an important role in histone modification. Histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) induces transcriptional inhibition and plays an important role in gene expression. Jumonji domain-containing protein-3 (JMJD3), one of the demethyases of histone H3K27me3, has been reported to be associated with the prognosis of many cancers and stem cells differentiation. Inhibition of JMJD3 can reduce proliferation and promote apoptosis in tumor cells, as well as suppress differentiation in stem cells. GSK-J4 is an inhibitor of demethylase JMJD3 and UTX, which has been shown to possess anti-cancer and inhibition of embryonic stem cells differentiation effects. In this review, we examine how JMJD3 regulates cellular fates of stem cells and cancer cells and references were identified through searches of PubMed, Medline, Web of Science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Yin
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Siyu Yang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Ying Yue
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
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25
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Pelullo M, Nardozza F, Zema S, Quaranta R, Nicoletti C, Besharat ZM, Felli MP, Cerbelli B, d'Amati G, Palermo R, Capalbo C, Talora C, Di Marcotullio L, Giannini G, Checquolo S, Screpanti I, Bellavia D. Kras/ADAM17-Dependent Jag1-ICD Reverse Signaling Sustains Colorectal Cancer Progression and Chemoresistance. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5575-5586. [PMID: 31506332 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is characterized by well-known genetic defects and approximately 50% of cases harbor oncogenic Ras mutations. Increased expression of Notch ligand Jagged1 occurs in several human malignancies, including colorectal cancer, and correlates with cancer progression, poor prognosis, and recurrence. Herein, we demonstrated that Jagged1 was constitutively processed in colorectal cancer tumors with mutant Kras, which ultimately triggered intrinsic reverse signaling via its nuclear-targeted intracellular domain Jag1-ICD. This process occurred when Kras/Erk/ADAM17 signaling was switched on, demonstrating that Jagged1 is a novel target of the Kras signaling pathway. Notably, Jag1-ICD promoted tumor growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, enhancing colorectal cancer progression and chemoresistance both in vitro and in vivo. These data highlight a novel role for Jagged1 in colorectal cancer tumor biology that may go beyond its effect on canonical Notch activation and suggest that Jag1-ICD may behave as an oncogenic driver that is able to sustain tumor pathogenesis and to confer chemoresistance through a noncanonical mechanism. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings present a novel role of the transcriptionally active Jag1-ICD fragment to confer and mediate some of the activity of oncogenic KRAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pelullo
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sabrina Zema
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Quaranta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Nicoletti
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Maria Pia Felli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Bruna Cerbelli
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia d'Amati
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Palermo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Capalbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Talora
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Di Marcotullio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, Italy
| | - Saula Checquolo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy.
| | | | - Diana Bellavia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
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Pelullo M, Zema S, Nardozza F, Checquolo S, Screpanti I, Bellavia D. Wnt, Notch, and TGF-β Pathways Impinge on Hedgehog Signaling Complexity: An Open Window on Cancer. Front Genet 2019; 10:711. [PMID: 31552081 PMCID: PMC6736567 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is associated with increased risk of developing several malignancies. The biological and pathogenic importance of Hh signaling emphasizes the need to control its action tightly, both physiologically and therapeutically. Evidence of crosstalk between Hh and other signaling pathways is reported in many tumor types. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the communication between Hh and major signaling pathways, such as Notch, Wnt, and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), which play critical roles in both embryonic and adult life. When these pathways are unbalanced, impaired crosstalk contributes to disease development. It is reported that more than one of these pathways are active in different type of tumors, at the same time. Therefore, starting from a plethora of stimuli that activate multiple signaling pathways, we describe the signals that preferentially converge on the Hh signaling cascade that influence its activity. Moreover, we highlight several connection points between Hh and Notch, Wnt, or TGF-β pathways, showing a reciprocal synergism that contributes to tumorigenesis, supporting a more malignant behavior by tumor cells, such as in leukemia and brain tumors. Understanding the importance of these molecular interlinking networks will provide a rational basis for combined anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pelullo
- Center of Life Nano Science Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Zema
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Saula Checquolo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
| | | | - Diana Bellavia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Notch/CXCR4 Partnership in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Progression. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:5601396. [PMID: 31346528 PMCID: PMC6620846 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5601396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer among children. Recent advances in chemotherapy have made ALL a curable hematological malignancy. In children, there is 25% chance of disease relapse, typically in the central nervous system. While in adults, there is a higher chance of relapse. ALL may affect B-cell or T-cell lineages. Different genetic alterations characterize the two ALL forms. Deregulated Notch, either Notch1 or Notch3, and CXCR4 receptor signaling are involved in ALL disease development and progression. By analyzing their relevant roles in the pathogenesis of the two ALL forms, new molecular mechanisms able to modulate cancer cell invasion may be visualized. Notably, the partnership between Notch and CXCR4 may have considerable implications in understanding the complexity of T- and B-ALL. These two receptor pathways intersect other critical signals in the proliferative, differentiation, and metabolic programs of lymphocyte transformation. Also, the identification of the crosstalks in leukemia-stroma interaction within the tumor microenvironment may unveil new targetable mechanisms in disease relapse. Further studies are required to identify new challenges and opportunities to develop more selective and safer therapeutic strategies in ALL progression, possibly contributing to improve conventional hematological cancer therapy.
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