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Lyons KU, Gore L. Bispecific T-cell engagers in childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Haematologica 2024; 109:1668-1676. [PMID: 38832422 PMCID: PMC11141658 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.283818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment for a wide variety of cancers yet its use has been relatively limited in childhood malignancies. With the introduction of bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTE®) and chimeric antigen T-cell receptor technologies, previously refractory patients have attained remission, including molecularly negative states of disease, thus providing the possibility of long-term cure. Blinatumomab is a widely available CD3-CD19 BiTE that has dramatically changed the landscape of therapy for some children with precursor-B acute lymphoblastic leukemias (B-ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphomas. Challenges remain with using BiTE in a broader population although the appeal of now-confirmed reduced toxicity and deeper molecular remissions suggests that this approach will be an essential part of future treatment of childhood B-ALL. Herein, we review some of the pertinent literature covering clinical trials with blinatumomab and address future approaches and combination trials including BiTE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lia Gore
- Children’s Hospital Colorado
- University of Colorado School of Medicine
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
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2
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Cerkezi S, Nakova M, Gorgoski I, Ferati K, Bexheti-Ferati A, Palermo A, Inchingolo AD, Ferrante L, Inchingolo AM, Inchingolo F, Dipalma G. The Role of Sulfhydryl (Thiols) Groups in Oral and Periodontal Diseases. Biomedicines 2024; 12:882. [PMID: 38672236 PMCID: PMC11048028 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The sulfhydryl (thiols) group of glutathione plays an important role in the neutralization of foreign organic compounds and the reduction in peroxides. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the concentration of sulfhydryl groups in the gingival tissue of healthy individuals and those with gingivitis or periodontitis, and to examine the differences between these groups. MATERIAL AND METHODS To assess the concentration of sulfhydryl groups (thiols) in the gingival tissue of healthy individuals and those with gingivitis or periodontitis, we used spectrophotometric analysis using dithionitrobenzoate (DTNB) as a reagent to measure the accessible sulfhydryl groups present in gingival tissue proteins. The sample was divided into three distinct groups: individuals with periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis, and different indices were used to assess the periodontal status of the participants. Next, a statistical analysis was conducted to compare the concentrations of sulfhydryl groups among the different groups of patients. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed significantly decreased levels of sulfhydryl (thiols) groups in gingival tissue from patients with gingivitis and periodontitis, compared with healthy people (control group). These results confirm the role of sulfhydryl (thiols) groups in defense against free radicals. They share a significant role in detoxification, signal transduction, apoptosis, and various other functions at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabetim Cerkezi
- Orthodontic Department, Dentristy School, Medical Science Faculty, State University of Tetova, 1220 Tetova, North Macedonia;
| | - Marija Nakova
- Periodontology Department, Dentistry School, Medical Science Faculty, State University of Tetova, 1220 Tetova, North Macedonia;
| | - Icko Gorgoski
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University St. Cyril and Methodius, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia;
| | - Kenan Ferati
- Faculty of Medicine, State University of Tetova, 1220 Tetovo, North Macedonia; (K.F.); (A.B.-F.)
| | - Arberesha Bexheti-Ferati
- Faculty of Medicine, State University of Tetova, 1220 Tetovo, North Macedonia; (K.F.); (A.B.-F.)
| | - Andrea Palermo
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Birmingham B4 6BN, UK;
| | - Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Laura Ferrante
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Angelo Michele Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (L.F.); (G.D.)
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Ramalingam K, Yadalam PK, Ramani P, Krishna M, Hafedh S, Badnjević A, Cervino G, Minervini G. Light gradient boosting-based prediction of quality of life among oral cancer-treated patients. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:349. [PMID: 38504227 PMCID: PMC10949789 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Statisticians rank oral and lip cancer sixth in global mortality at 10.2%. Mouth opening and swallowing are challenging. Hence, most oral cancer patients only report later stages. They worry about surviving cancer and receiving therapy. Oral cancer severely affects QOL. QOL is affected by risk factors, disease site, and treatment. Using oral cancer patient questionnaires, we use light gradient Boost Tree classifiers to predict life quality. METHODS DIAS records were used for 111 oral cancer patients. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer's QLQ-C30 and QLQ-HN43 were used to document the findings. Anyone could enroll, regardless of gender or age. The IHEC/SDC/PhD/OPATH-1954/19/TH-001 Institutional Ethical Clearance Committee approved this work. After informed consent, patients received the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-HN43 questionnaires. Surveys were in Tamil and English. Overall, QOL ratings covered several domains. We obtained patient demographics, case history, and therapy information from our DIAS (Dental Information Archival Software). Enrolled patients were monitored for at least a year. After one year, the EORTC questionnaire was retaken, and scores were recorded. This prospective analytical exploratory study at Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, India, examined QOL at diagnosis and at least 12 months after primary therapy in patients with histopathologically diagnosed oral malignancies. We measured oral cancer patients' quality of life using data preprocessing, feature selection, and model construction. A confusion matrix was created using light gradient boosting to measure accuracy. RESULTS Light gradient boosting predicted cancer patients' quality of life with 96% accuracy and 0.20 log loss. CONCLUSION Oral surgeons and oncologists can improve planning and therapy with this prediction model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Yadalam
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Murugesan Krishna
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Salah Hafedh
- Orthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
| | - Almir Badnjević
- Verlab Research Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Medical Devices, and Artificial Intelligence, Ferhadija 27, Sarajevo, 71 000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Gabriele Cervino
- Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina - Policlinico "Gaetano Martino", Via Consolare Valeria, Messina, ME, 98100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Mosaddad AS. Arthroscopy for the Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024; 25:197-198. [PMID: 38690689 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
How to cite this article: Mosaddad SA. Arthroscopy for the Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(3):197-198. Keywords: Arthroscopy, Facial pain, Temporomandibular joint, Temporomandibular joint disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Seyed Mosaddad
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Bucofacial Prosthesis, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Phone: +34 663234256, e-mail: ;
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Alam MK, Alftaikhah SAA, Issrani R, Ronsivalle V, Lo Giudice A, Cicciù M, Minervini G. Applications of artificial intelligence in the utilisation of imaging modalities in dentistry: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in-vitro studies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24221. [PMID: 38317889 PMCID: PMC10838702 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In the past, dentistry heavily relied on manual image analysis and diagnostic procedures, which could be time-consuming and prone to human error. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought transformative potential to the field, promising enhanced accuracy and efficiency in various dental imaging tasks. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the applications of AI in dental imaging modalities, focusing on in-vitro studies. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The following databases were systematically searched: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, Cochrane Library, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and Google Scholar. The meta-analysis employed fixed-effects models to assess AI accuracy, calculating odds ratios (OR) for true positive rate (TPR), true negative rate (TNR), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity and overall effect tests were applied to ensure the reliability of the findings. Results 9 studies were selected that encompassed various objectives, such as tooth segmentation and classification, caries detection, maxillofacial bone segmentation, and 3D surface model creation. AI techniques included convolutional neural networks (CNNs), deep learning algorithms, and AI-driven tools. Imaging parameters assessed in these studies were specific to the respective dental tasks. The analysis of combined ORs indicated higher odds of accurate dental image assessments, highlighting the potential for AI to improve TPR, TNR, PPV, and NPV. The studies collectively revealed a statistically significant overall effect in favor of AI in dental imaging applications. Conclusion In summary, this systematic review and meta-analysis underscore the transformative impact of AI on dental imaging. AI has the potential to revolutionize the field by enhancing accuracy, efficiency, and time savings in various dental tasks. While further research in clinical settings is needed to validate these findings and address study limitations, the future implications of integrating AI into dental practice hold great promise for advancing patient care and the field of dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72345, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Dental Research Cell, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, 600077, India
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | | | - Rakhi Issrani
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vincenzo Ronsivalle
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Lo Giudice
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121, Naples, Italy
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Alayyash A, Alam MK, Rashid ME, Mathew A, Di Blasio M, Ronsivalle V, Cicciù M, Minervini G. Prenatal incidence of cleft lip/palate and cocaine abuse in parents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:185. [PMID: 38317147 PMCID: PMC10840297 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to investigate the association between maternal cocaine abuse during pregnancy and the prevalence of cleft lip/palate (CL/P) in offspring, synthesizing existing evidence through a systematic review and meta-analysis. CL/P is a congenital craniofacial anomaly with complex etiology, and prior research has suggested potential links between maternal cocaine use and CL/P. However, these associations remain inconclusive. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies published up to the study's cutoff date in September 2021. Several databases were systematically searched using predefined search terms. Inclusion criteria were set to encompass studies reporting on the prevalence of CL/P in infants born to mothers with a history of cocaine use during pregnancy, with a comparison group of non-cocaine-using mothers. Data were extracted, and a meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate pooled odds ratios (OR) and relative risks (RR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS The review included data from 4 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The combined OR from two studies was 0.05 (95% CI: 0.00, 4.41), which does not suggest a statistically significant association between prenatal cocaine exposure and the incidence of CL/P due to the confidence interval crossing the null value. Additionally, the combined RR was 0.17 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.66), indicating a statistically significant decrease in the risk of CL/P associated with prenatal cocaine exposure. These results, with an OR that is not statistically significant and an RR suggesting decreased risk, should be interpreted with caution due to considerable heterogeneity and variability among the included studies' findings. Further research is needed to clarify these associations. CONCLUSION The findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that maternal cocaine use during pregnancy is not a statistically significant independent risk factor for the development of CL/P in offspring. These results underscore the multifactorial nature of CL/P etiology and emphasize the importance of considering other genetic, environmental, and nutritional factors in understanding the condition's origins. While the study provides important insights, limitations such as data heterogeneity and potential confounders should be acknowledged. Future research should adopt rigorous study designs and explore a broader range of potential risk factors to comprehensively elucidate CL/P development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Alayyash
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72345, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Dental Research Cell, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, 600077, India.
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
| | - Mohammed Enamur Rashid
- Department of Oral Basic and Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawara, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Asok Mathew
- Clinical Science Department, Center of Medical and Bioallied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Marco Di Blasio
- University Center of Dentistry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Ronsivalle
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania, Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
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Ronsivalle V, Marrapodi MM, Siurkel Y, Cicciù M, Minervini G. Prevalence of Bruxism in alcohol abusers: a systematic review conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and the cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:108. [PMID: 38238683 PMCID: PMC10795287 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03862-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bruxism, a common oral parafunctional behavior characterized by the grinding or clenching of teeth, is a multifactorial condition with potentially detrimental effects on oral health and overall well-being. In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the relationship between bruxism and alcohol abuse, as both are prevalent issues that may share underlying factors and exacerbate each other. This systematic review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, aims to evaluate the frequency of bruxism among individuals with alcohol abuse. METHODS A comprehensive search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Lilacs, Scopus and Web of Science, will be conducted to identify relevant studies published up to the knowledge cutoff date in January 2023. The search strategy will include keywords related to bruxism, alcohol abuse, and their synonyms. Inclusion criteria will encompass original research studies, such as observational, cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies, as well as clinical trials, that examine the relationship between bruxism and alcohol abuse. Two independent reviewers will perform the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment, with discrepancies resolved by consensus. RESULTS The systematic review will present a summary of the identified studies, including the study design, characteristics of the study populations, and key findings related to the association between bruxism and alcohol abuse. The potential mechanisms underlying this relationship will also be explored. Subgroup analyses and the quality of evidence will be assessed. Finally, the implications of this association for clinical practice and further research will be discussed. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review will contribute to a better understanding of the interplay between bruxism and alcohol abuse, shedding light on potential risk factors, mechanisms, and clinical implications. The findings may have significant implications for the prevention, management, and treatment of bruxism, particularly in individuals with a history of alcohol abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Ronsivalle
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Marrapodi
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialist Surgery, University of Campania, "Luigi Vanvitelli,", Naples, 80138, Italy
| | - Yuliia Siurkel
- International European University School of Medicine, Akademika Hlushkova Ave, 42В, Kyiv, 03187, Ukraine.
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, 80138, Italy
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Jagannathan R, Balaji TM, Rao SR, Alosaimi MS, Patil S, Siurkel Y, Cicciù M, Minervini G. Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on CD14 + CD16+ monocyte counts in peripheral blood samples: a clinical interventional study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:94. [PMID: 38229101 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03793-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and their macrophage progeny are thought to be involved in tissue and alveolar bone destruction in periodontal disease. It has been documented that the proportion of (CD14 + CD16+) non-classical monocytes in the blood are elevated in chronic periodontitis;A total of 20 chronic generalized periodontitis patients who were otherwise healthy, were recruited for this study. At baseline and 3 weeks after non-surgical periodontal treatment, peripheral blood was obtained to assess the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and the proportion of monocyte subsets. Monocyte subsets were assessed using flow cytometry;The mean percentage of CD14 + CD16+ non-classical monocytes in the peripheral blood sample at baseline was 13.95 + 2.09, that reduced to 8.94 + 1.23 3 weeks after non-surgical treatment. A distinct significant reduction in the percentage of non-classical monocytes and a concomitant increase in classical monocytes were observed following periodontal treatment compared to baseline. There was a significant reduction in the all the periodontal parameters and CRP levels 3 weeks post non-surgical periodontal treatment. A positive correlation between CRP and percentage of non-classical monocytes was also observed; Periodontal treatment potentially modulates the host response effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghunanthan Jagannathan
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramchandra University, Chennai, 600116, India
| | | | - Suresh Ranga Rao
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramchandra University, Chennai, 600116, India
| | | | - Shankargouda Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UTAH, 84095, USA.
| | - Yuliia Siurkel
- International European University School of Medicine, AkademikaHlushkova Ave, 42В, Kyiv, 03187, Ukraine.
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Catania, 95124, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, 81100, Italy.
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Abdul NS, Shenoy M, Reddy NR, Sangappa SB, Shivakumar GC, Di Blasio M, Cicciù M, Minervini G. Gene sequencing applications to combat oral-cavity related disorders: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:103. [PMID: 38233799 PMCID: PMC10792784 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene sequencing (GS) has numerous applications in combatting oral-cavity related disorders, including identifying genetic risk factors for diseases, developing targeted therapies, and improving diagnostic methods. It can help identify specific genetic mutations or variations that increase the risk of developing oral-cavity related disorders, such as oral cancer, periodontal disease, and cleft lip and palate. By the means of the following investigation, our primary objective was to assess the impact of GS technique in diagnosing and potentially treating diseases of the oral cavity by the means of a systematic review and meta-analysis. We commenced by defining the terms "gene sequencing," "oral cavity," and "disorders" as the important elements in our investigation's subject. Next, relevant databases like PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched using keywords and synonyms for each concept, such as "genomic sequencing," "DNA sequencing," "oral health," "oral diseases," "dental caries," "periodontal disease," "oral cancer," and "salivary gland disorders." We combined several search terms, such as "gene sequencing AND oral disorders AND periodontal disease" or "oral cancer OR genomic sequencing," to further hone your search results using Boolean operators like "AND" and "OR." The oral cavity analysis obtained by CS in the selected articles revealed that most of the disorders were, in fact, a direct causal event influenced by the oral microbiome. Moreover, each sampled oral cavity evidenced a different microbial community, which predicted the precipitation of benign as well as malignant conditions, though not on a definitive basis. In the last ten years, genomic sequencing had advanced remarkably as majority of our selected studies observed, making it possible to diagnose and treat a variety of oral and maxillofacial disorders, including cancer. It was also used to ascertain a person's genetic make-up as well as to spot numerous genetic abnormalities that can predispose individuals to diseases. Understanding the different sequencing techniques and the resulting genetic anomalies may help with their clinical application and lead to an improvement in illness diagnosis and prognosis as a whole in the field of dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishath Sayed Abdul
- Faculty of Oral Pathology, Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahesh Shenoy
- Faculty of Oral Pathology, Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveen Rami Reddy
- Dept of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sunila Bukanakere Sangappa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ganiga Channaiah Shivakumar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, People's College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Marco Di Blasio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Center of Dentistry, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, 600 077, Chennai, India.
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, 81100, Italy.
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Jadhav GR, Mittal P, Shinde S, Al-Qarni MA, Al-Obaid M, Abullais SS, Cicciù M, Minervini G. Biomimetic approach to strengthen the incisal fracture composite build-up: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:42. [PMID: 38191343 PMCID: PMC10773035 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Incisal composite build-up shows a high failure susceptibility. The incorporation of fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) during composite restoration could improve its strength. Hence the study was planned to compare the effect of various positions of FRC on the strength of composite resin incisal build-ups. METHODS In maxillary incisors (n = 90), 3 mm of the incisal edge was cut and teeth were categorized into three groups based on the location and number of fibers used during incisal composite build-up - Group I: composite resin; Group II: composite resin and a single fiber palatally and Group III: composite resin along with two fibers palatally. RESULTS The data showed that group II had the maximum load-bearing values followed by group I and group III. CONCLUSION Within the confines of our study, it can be concluded that the addition of FRC to the conventional incisal composite build-up increased the overall strength restoration. Such composite restoration reinforced with a single fiber on the palatal side showed the highest load-bearing capacity compared to two fibers reinforced and unreinforced composites. The common mode of failure in group I was in composite resin, in two fibers reinforced at fibers-composite junction, and in one fiber reinforced composite was in the remaining part of the tooth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priya Mittal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental College & Hospital, Nagpur, India.
| | - Siddharth Shinde
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mohammed A Al-Qarni
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, 61471, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Obaid
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, 61471, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahabe Saquib Abullais
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, KSA, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, 81100, Italy.
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11
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Almeida LE. Temporomandibular Disorders and Physiotherapy. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023; 24:723-724. [PMID: 38152901 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eduardo Almeida
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America, Phone: +14142886022, e-mail:
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12
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Alsalem AN, Scarffe LA, Briemberg HR, Aaroe AE, Harrison RA. Neurologic Complications of Cancer Immunotherapy. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:5876-5897. [PMID: 37366923 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30060440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment over the past decade. As it is increasingly introduced into routine clinical practice, immune-related complications have become more frequent. Accurate diagnosis and treatment are essential, with the goal of reduced patient morbidity. This review aims to discuss the various clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatments, and prognosis of neurologic complications associated with the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive T-cell therapies, and T-cell redirecting therapies. We also outline a suggested clinical approach related to the clinical use of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel N Alsalem
- Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Leslie A Scarffe
- Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Hannah R Briemberg
- Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Ashley E Aaroe
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rebecca A Harrison
- Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada
- Division of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada
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13
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Pinchinat A, Gupta S, Cooper SL, Rau RE. SOHO State of the Art Updates and Next Questions | Optimal Timing of Blinatumomab for the Treatment of B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2023; 23:159-167. [PMID: 36642665 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Blinatumomab is a CD19 targeting bi-specific T-cell engager antibody construct developed for the treatment of CD19 expressing B-cell malignancies. Numerous adult and pediatric B-ALL clinical trials have demonstrated blinatumomab's efficacy in the relapse setting as well as in patients with residual disease after upfront chemotherapy. The safety profile of blinatumomab is also favorable, making it a feasible option for most patients. Several key questions remain, including the role of blinatumomab as a replacement for toxic elements of standard chemotherapy regimens in the upfront setting, its role as a bridge to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, or whether previous blinatumomab impacts the efficacy of subsequent CAR-T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Pinchinat
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Sumit Gupta
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada and Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stacy L Cooper
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rachel E Rau
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX.
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14
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Chen B, Zou Z, Zhang Q, Chen K, Zhang X, Xiao D, Li X. Efficacy and safety of blinatumomab in children with relapsed/refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1032664. [PMID: 36703737 PMCID: PMC9871389 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1032664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Several clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate the effects of blinatumomab in childhood B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). We conducted this meta-analysis to validate the efficacy and safety of blinatumomab in pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL (R/R B-ALL). Methods: We searched and investigated all relevant studies in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. The primary outcomes were complete response (CR), overall survival (OS), event free survival (EFS), minimal residual disease (MRD) response, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and were calculated separately for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and single-arm studies. The secondary end points were adverse effects (AEs) and the relapse rate. The Cochrane, bias assessment tool, was used to assess the risk of bias in RCTs. The methodological quality of single-arm studies was assessed using the methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS) tool. Results: The meta-analysis included two RCTs and 10 single-arm studies, including 652 patients in total. Our study showed that in the single-arm studies, the combined CR rate was 0.56 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45 -0.68), the odds ratios (ORs) of OS was 0.43 (95% CI 0.32 -0.54), the EFS rate was 0.30 (95% CI: 0.20 -0.40), the MRD response was 0.51 (95% CI: 0.34 -0.68), allo-HSCT rate was 0.62 (95% CI: 0.50 -.74), the AE rate was 0.65 (95% CI: 0.54 -0.76) and the relapse rate was 0.32 (95% CI: 0.27 -0.38). In the RCTs, the blinatumomab-treated group compared with the chemotherapy group had a combined OS rate of 0.12 (95% CI: 0.05 -0.19) and an EFS rate of 2.16 (95% CI: 1.54 -3.03). The pooled MRD response rate was 4.71 (95% CI:2.84 -7.81), allo-HSCT was 3.24 (95% CI: 1.96 -5.35), the AE rate was 0.31 (95% CI: 0.16 -0.60), and the relapse rate was 0 .69 (95% CI: 0.43 -1.09). Conclusion: According to this meta-analysis, blinatumomab shows potent therapeutic efficacy and limited AEs in children with R/R B- ALL. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022361914.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuan Zou
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kexing Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongqiong Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Dongqiong Xiao, ; Xihong Li,
| | - Xihong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Dongqiong Xiao, ; Xihong Li,
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