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Atheroprotective Effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154697. [PMID: 35897875 PMCID: PMC9332620 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases associated with atherosclerosis are the major cause of death in developed countries. Early prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis are considered to be an important aspect of the therapy of cardiovascular disease. Preparations based on natural products affect the main pathogenetic steps of atherogenesis, and so represent a perspective for the long-term prevention of atherosclerosis development. Numerous experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated the multiple beneficial effects of licorice and its bioactive compounds—anti-inflammatory, anti-cytokine, antioxidant, anti-atherogenic, and anti-platelet action—which allow us to consider licorice as a promising atheroprotective agent. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the licorice anti-atherosclerotic mechanisms of action based on the results of experimental studies, including the results of the in vitro study demonstrating licorice effect on the ability of blood serum to reduce intracellular cholesterol accumulation in cultured macrophages, and presented the results of clinical studies confirming the ameliorating activity of licorice in regard to traditional cardiovascular risk factors as well as the direct anti-atherosclerotic effect of licorice.
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Ning W, Ma Y, Li S, Wang X, Pan H, Wei C, Zhang S, Bai D, Liu X, Deng Y, Acharya A, Pelekos G, Savkovic V, Li H, Gaus S, Haak R, Schmalz G, Ziebolz D, Ma Y, Xu Y. Shared Molecular Mechanisms between Atherosclerosis and Periodontitis by Analyzing the Transcriptomic Alterations of Peripheral Blood Monocytes. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:1498431. [PMID: 34899963 PMCID: PMC8664523 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1498431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the nature of shared transcriptomic alterations in PBMs from periodontitis and atherosclerosis to unravel molecular mechanisms underpinning their association. METHODS Gene expression data from PBMs from patients with periodontitis and those with atherosclerosis were each downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in periodontitis and atherosclerosis were identified through differential gene expression analysis. The disease-related known genes related to periodontitis and atherosclerosis each were downloaded from the DisGeNET database. A Venn diagram was constructed to identify crosstalk genes from four categories: DEGs expressed in periodontitis, periodontitis-related known genes, DEGs expressed in atherosclerosis, and atherosclerosis-related known genes. A weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify significant coexpression modules, and then, coexpressed gene interaction networks belonging to each significant module were constructed to identify the core crosstalk genes. RESULTS Functional enrichment analysis of significant modules obtained by WGCNA analysis showed that several pathways might play the critical crosstalk role in linking both diseases, including bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, platelet activation, and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) signaling. By constructing the gene interaction network of significant modules, the core crosstalk genes in each module were identified and included: for GSE23746 dataset, RASGRP2 in the blue module and VAMP7 and SNX3 in the green module, as well as HMGB1 and SUMO1 in the turquoise module were identified; for GSE61490 dataset, SEC61G, PSMB2, SELPLG, and FIBP in the turquoise module were identified. CONCLUSION Exploration of available transcriptomic datasets revealed core crosstalk genes (RASGRP2, VAMP7, SNX3, HMGB1, SUMO1, SEC61G, PSMB2, SELPLG, and FIBP) and significant pathways (bacterial invasion of epithelial cells, platelet activation, and MAPK signaling) as top candidate molecular linkage mechanisms between atherosclerosis and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchen Ning
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yihong Ma
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Simin Li
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Hongying Pan
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chenxuan Wei
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shaochuan Zhang
- Division of Neurogenetics, Center for Neurological Diseases and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Dongying Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Xiangqiong Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Beijing Tibetan Hospital, China Tibetology Research Center, 218 Anwaixiaoguanbeili Street, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yupei Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Beijing Tibetan Hospital, China Tibetology Research Center, 218 Anwaixiaoguanbeili Street, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Aneesha Acharya
- Dr D Y Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr D Y Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - George Pelekos
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong KongChina
| | - Vuk Savkovic
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hanluo Li
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Gaus
- Department of Cranio Maxillofacial Surgery, University Clinic Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rainer Haak
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmalz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yanbo Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Yuzhen Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong Province 271000, China
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Kirichenko TV, Markina YV, Sukhorukov VN, Khotina VA, Wu WK, Orekhov AN. A Novel Insight at Atherogenesis: The Role of Microbiome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:586189. [PMID: 33072766 PMCID: PMC7536348 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.586189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an important task of current medicine to identify mechanisms and new markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in order to develop early targets for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, since it causes such widespread diseases as myocardial infarction, stroke, sudden death, and other common reasons of disability and mortality in developed countries. In recent years, studies of the human microbiome in different fields of medicine have become increasingly popular; there is evidence from numerous studies of the significant contribution of microbiome in different steps of atherogenesis. This review attempted to determine the current status of the databases PubMed and Scopus (until May, 2020) to highlight current ideas on the potential role of microbiome and its metabolites in atherosclerosis development, its mechanisms of action in lipids metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory pathways, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Results of clinical studies elucidating the relationship of microbiome with subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease considered in this article demonstrate strong association of microbiome composition and its metabolites with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Data on microbiome impact in atherogenesis open a wide perspective to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, but further comprehensive studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana V Kirichenko
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuliya V Markina
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria A Khotina
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Wei-Kai Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology of Cardiovascular System, Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
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Aluganti Narasimhulu C, Singla DK. The Role of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 (BMP-7) in Inflammation in Heart Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020280. [PMID: 31979268 PMCID: PMC7073173 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein-7 is (BMP-7) is a potent anti-inflammatory growth factor belonging to the Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) superfamily. It plays an important role in various biological processes, including embryogenesis, hematopoiesis, neurogenesis and skeletal morphogenesis. BMP-7 stimulates the target cells by binding to specific membrane-bound receptor BMPR 2 and transduces signals through mothers against decapentaplegic (Smads) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. To date, rhBMP-7 has been used clinically to induce the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells bordering the bone fracture site into chondrocytes, osteoclasts, the formation of new bone via calcium deposition and to stimulate the repair of bone fracture. However, its use in cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and diabetic cardiomyopathy is currently being explored. More importantly, these cardiovascular diseases are associated with inflammation and infiltrated monocytes where BMP-7 has been demonstrated to be a key player in the differentiation of pro-inflammatory monocytes, or M1 macrophages, into anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, which reduces developed cardiac dysfunction. Therefore, this review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of BMP-7 treatment in cardiovascular disease and its role as an anti-fibrotic, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory growth factor, which emphasizes its potential therapeutic significance in heart diseases.
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