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Abildtrup Nielsen N, Dawson SM, Torres Ortiz S, Wahlberg M, Martin MJ. Hector's dolphins (Cephalorhynchus hectori) produce both narrowband high-frequency and broadband acoustic signals. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2024; 155:1437-1450. [PMID: 38364047 DOI: 10.1121/10.0024820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Odontocetes produce clicks for echolocation and communication. Most odontocetes are thought to produce either broadband (BB) or narrowband high-frequency (NBHF) clicks. Here, we show that the click repertoire of Hector's dolphin (Cephalorhynchus hectori) comprises highly stereotypical NBHF clicks and far more variable broadband clicks, with some that are intermediate between these two categories. Both NBHF and broadband clicks were made in trains, buzzes, and burst-pulses. Most clicks within click trains were typical NBHF clicks, which had a median centroid frequency of 130.3 kHz (median -10 dB bandwidth = 29.8 kHz). Some, however, while having only marginally lower centroid frequency (median = 123.8 kHz), had significant energy below 100 kHz and approximately double the bandwidth (median -10 dB bandwidth = 69.8 kHz); we refer to these as broadband. Broadband clicks in buzzes and burst-pulses had lower median centroid frequencies (120.7 and 121.8 kHz, respectively) compared to NBHF buzzes and burst-pulses (129.5 and 130.3 kHz, respectively). Source levels of NBHF clicks, estimated by using a drone to measure ranges from a single hydrophone and by computing time-of-arrival differences at a vertical hydrophone array, ranged from 116 to 171 dB re 1 μPa at 1 m, whereas source levels of broadband clicks, obtained from array data only, ranged from 138 to 184 dB re 1 μPa at 1 m. Our findings challenge the grouping of toothed whales as either NBHF or broadband species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoline Abildtrup Nielsen
- Marine Biological Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5300 Kerteminde, Denmark
| | - Stephen M Dawson
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sara Torres Ortiz
- Marine Biological Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5300 Kerteminde, Denmark
| | - Magnus Wahlberg
- Marine Biological Research Center, Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5300 Kerteminde, Denmark
| | - Morgan J Martin
- Center for Marine Acoustics, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Sterling, Virginia 20166, USA
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Morell M, IJsseldijk LL, Berends AJ, Gröne A, Siebert U, Raverty SA, Shadwick RE, Kik MJL. Evidence of Hearing Loss and Unrelated Toxoplasmosis in a Free-Ranging Harbour Porpoise ( Phocoena phocoena). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113058. [PMID: 34827790 PMCID: PMC8614470 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Evidence of hearing impairment was identified in a female harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) on the basis of inner ear analysis. The animal live stranded on the Dutch coast at Domburg in 2016 and died a few hours later. Ultrastructural examination of the inner ear revealed evidence of sensory cell loss, which is compatible with noise exposure. In addition, histopathology also revealed multifocal necrotising protozoal encephalitis. A diagnosis of toxoplasmosis was confirmed by positive staining of tissue with anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies; however, T. gondii tachyzoites were not observed histologically in any of the examined tissues. This is the first case of presumptive noise-induced hearing loss and demonstration of T. gondii cysts in the brain of a free-ranging harbour porpoise from the North Sea. Abstract Evidence of hearing impairment was identified in a harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) on the basis of scanning electron microscopy. In addition, based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry, there were signs of unrelated cerebral toxoplasmosis. The six-year old individual live stranded on the Dutch coast at Domburg in 2016 and died a few hours later. The most significant gross lesion was multifocal necrosis and haemorrhage of the cerebrum. Histopathology of the brain revealed extensive necrosis and haemorrhage in the cerebrum with multifocal accumulations of degenerated neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages, and perivascular lymphocytic cuffing. The diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis was confirmed by positive staining of protozoa with anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. Tachyzoites were not observed histologically in any of the examined tissues. Ultrastructural evaluation of the inner ear revealed evidence of scattered loss of outer hair cells in a 290 µm long segment of the apical turn of the cochlea, and in a focal region of ~ 1.5 mm from the apex of the cochlea, which was compatible with noise-induced hearing loss. This is the first case of concurrent presumptive noise-induced hearing loss and toxoplasmosis in a free-ranging harbour porpoise from the North Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Morell
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761 Büsum, Germany;
- Zoology Department, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (S.A.R.); (R.E.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (L.L.I.)
| | - Lonneke L. IJsseldijk
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.J.B.); (A.G.); (M.J.L.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (L.L.I.)
| | - Alinda J. Berends
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.J.B.); (A.G.); (M.J.L.K.)
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.J.B.); (A.G.); (M.J.L.K.)
| | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761 Büsum, Germany;
| | - Stephen A. Raverty
- Zoology Department, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (S.A.R.); (R.E.S.)
- Animal Health Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Abbotsford, BC V3G 2M3, Canada
| | - Robert E. Shadwick
- Zoology Department, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (S.A.R.); (R.E.S.)
| | - Marja J. L. Kik
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.J.B.); (A.G.); (M.J.L.K.)
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Torres Ortiz S, Stedt J, Midtiby HS, Egemose HD, Wahlberg M. Group hunting in harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena). CAN J ZOOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2020-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cooperative hunting involves individual predators relating in time and space to each other’s actions to more efficiently track down and catch prey. The evolution of advanced cognitive abilities and sociality in animals are strongly associated with cooperative hunting abilities as has been shown in lions, chimpanzees, and dolphins. Much less is known about cooperative hunting in seemingly unsocial animals, such as the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena (Linnaeus, 1758)). Using drones, we were able to record 159 hunting sequences of porpoises, out of which 95 sequences involved more than one porpoise. To better understand if the harbour porpoises were individually attracted by the fish school or formed an organized hunting strategy, the behaviour of each individual porpoise in relation to the targeted fish school was analysed. The results indicate role specialization, which is considered the most sophisticated form of collaborative hunting and only rarely seen in animals. Our study challenges previous knowledge about harbour porpoises and opens up for the possibility of other seemingly non-social species employing sophisticated collaborative hunting methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Torres Ortiz
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
- Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Strasse, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Johanna Stedt
- Department of Biology, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Skov Midtiby
- Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik Dyrberg Egemose
- Maersk Mc-Kinney Moller Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Magnus Wahlberg
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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Babatunde D, Pomeroy S, Lepper P, Clark B, Walker R. Autonomous Deployment of Underwater Acoustic Monitoring Devices Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: The Flying Hydrophone. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E6064. [PMID: 33113815 PMCID: PMC7662971 DOI: 10.3390/s20216064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are increasingly becoming a popular tool in the observation and study of marine mammals. However, the potential capabilities of these vehicles regarding autonomous operations are not being fully exploited for passive underwater acoustic monitoring in marine mammal research. This article presents results from the development of a UAV system equipped with an underwater acoustic recorder aimed at assisting with the monitoring of harbour porpoises in Special Areas of Conservation in the United Kingdom. The UAV is capable of autonomous navigation, persistent landing, take-off and automatic data acquisition at specified waypoints. The system architecture that enables autonomous UAV flight including waypoint planning and control is described. A bespoke lightweight underwater acoustic recorder (named the PorpDAQ) capable of transmitting the results of fast Fourier transforms (FFT) applied to incoming signals from a hydrophone was also designed. The system's operation is successfully validated with a combination of outdoor experiments and indoor simulations demonstrating different UAVs capable of autonomously navigating and landing at specific waypoints while recording data in an indoor tank. Results from the recorder suggest that lightweight, relatively low-cost systems can be used in place of heavier more expensive alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Babatunde
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK; (S.P.); (P.L.); (B.C.)
| | - Simon Pomeroy
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK; (S.P.); (P.L.); (B.C.)
| | - Paul Lepper
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK; (S.P.); (P.L.); (B.C.)
| | - Ben Clark
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK; (S.P.); (P.L.); (B.C.)
| | - Rebecca Walker
- Natural England, 2nd Floor, Dragonfly House, 2 Gilders Way, Norwich NR3 1UB, UK;
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Kuroda M, Miki N, Matsuishi TF. Determinants of echolocation click frequency characteristics in small toothed whales: recent advances from anatomical information. Mamm Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mika Kuroda
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences Hokkaido University 3‐1‐1 Minato‐cho Hakodate Hokkaido041‐8611Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Miki
- Future University Hakodate 116‐2 Kamedanakano‐cho Hakodate Hokkaido041‐8655Japan
| | - Takashi Fritz Matsuishi
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences Hokkaido University 3‐1‐1 Minato‐cho Hakodate Hokkaido041‐8611Japan
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Abstract
AbstractAs Arctic seas rapidly change with increased ocean temperatures and decreased sea ice extent, traditional Arctic marine mammal distributions may be altered, and typically temperate marine mammal species may shift poleward. Extant and seasonal odontocete species on the continental shelves of the Bering and Chukchi Seas include killer whales (Orcinus orca), sperm whales (Physeter microcephalus), beluga whales (Delphiapterus leucas), harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena), and Dall’s porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli). Newly documented, typically temperate odontocete species include Risso’s dolphins (Grampus griseus) and Pacific white-sided dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obliquidens). Until recently, recording constraints limited sampling rates, preventing the acoustic detection of many of these high frequency-producing (> 22 kHz) species in the Arctic seas. Using one of the first long-term datasets to record frequencies up to 50 kHz in these waters, clicks, buzzes, and whistles have been detected, classified, and paired with environmental data to explore which variables best parameterize habitat preference. Typically temperate species were associated temporally with cold Bering Sea Climate Regimes in tandem with negative Pacific Decadal Oscillations. Typically Arctic species’ strongest explanatory variables for distribution were largely species and site specific. Regardless of species, however, the environmental cues (e.g. percent ice cover or zooplankton community structure) marine mammals use for locating viable habitat space are ones that will change as temperatures increase. This 10-year dataset documents the current state and tracks recent dynamics of odontocetes and their habitats along the Pacific Arctic Corridor to contribute to ongoing discussions about future Arctic conditions.
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Reidenberg JS, Laitman JT. Anatomy of Underwater Sound Production With a Focus on Ultrasonic Vocalization in Toothed Whales Including Dolphins and Porpoises. HANDBOOK OF ULTRASONIC VOCALIZATION - A WINDOW INTO THE EMOTIONAL BRAIN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-809600-0.00047-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Huggenberger S, Leidenberger S, Oelschläger HHA. Asymmetry of the nasofacial skull in toothed whales (Odontoceti). J Zool (1987) 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Huggenberger
- Department II of Anatomy University of Cologne Cologne Germany
| | - S. Leidenberger
- Swedish Species Information Centre/ArtDatabanken Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - H. H. A. Oelschläger
- Department of Anatomy III (Dr. Senckenbergische Anatomie) Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt am Main Germany
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Racicot RA, Gearty W, Kohno N, Flynn JJ. Comparative anatomy of the bony labyrinth of extant and extinct porpoises (Cetacea: Phocoenidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A. Racicot
- The Dinosaur Institute; Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County; Los Angeles CA USA
- Smithsonian Institution; P. O. Box 37012 MRC 121 Washington DC 20013-7012 USA
| | - William Gearty
- Department of Geological Sciences; Stanford University; Stanford CA USA
| | - Naoki Kohno
- Department of Geology and Paleontology; Division of Biotic Evolution; National Museum of Nature and Science; Tokyo Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Tsukuba; Japan
| | - John J. Flynn
- Department of Vertebrate Paleontology; Division of Paleontology; American Museum of Natural History; New York NY USA
- Richard Gilder Graduate School; American Museum of Natural History; New York NY USA
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Galatius A, Goodall RNP. Skull shapes of the Lissodelphininae: radiation, adaptation and asymmetry. J Morphol 2016; 277:776-85. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Natalie P. Goodall
- Museo Acatushún de Aves y Mamiferos Marines Australes (AMMA); Tierra del Fuego Argentina
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