1
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Godarzi B, Chandler F, van der Linden A, Sikkema RS, de Bruin E, Veldhuizen E, van Amerongen A, Gröne A. A species-independent lateral flow microarray immunoassay to detect WNV and USUV NS1-specific antibodies in serum. One Health 2024; 18:100668. [PMID: 38261918 PMCID: PMC10796932 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Arboviruses such as West Nile Virus (WNV) and Usutu Virus (USUV) are emerging pathogens that circulate between mosquitoes and birds, occasionally spilling over into humans and horses. Current serological screening methods require access to a well-equipped laboratory and are not currently available for on-site analysis. As a proof of concept, we propose here a species-independent lateral flow microarray immunoassay (LMIA) able to quickly detect and distinguish between WNV Non-Structural 1 (NS1) and USUV NS1-specific antibodies. A double antigen approach was used to test sera collected from humans, horses, European jackdaws (Corvus monedula), and common blackbirds (Turdus merula). Optimization of the concentration of capture antigen spotted on the LMIA membrane and the amount of detection antigen conjugated to detector particles indicated that maximizing both parameters increased assay sensitivity. Upon screening of a larger serum panel, the optimized LMIA showed significantly higher spot intensity for a homologous binding event. Using a Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve, WNV NS1 LMIA results in humans, horses, and C. monedula showed good correlation when compared to "gold standard" WNV FRNT90. The most optimal derived sensitivity and specificity of the WNV NS1 LMIA relative to corresponding WNV FRNT90-confirmed sera were determined to be 96% and 86%, respectively. While further optimization is required, this study demonstrates the feasibility of developing a species-independent LMIA for on-site analysis of WNV, USUV, and other arboviruses. Such a tool would be useful for the on-site screening and monitoring of relevant species in more remote or low-income regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijan Godarzi
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
- BioSensing & Diagnostics, Wageningen University and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Felicity Chandler
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne van der Linden
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reina S. Sikkema
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin de Bruin
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Edwin Veldhuizen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Aart van Amerongen
- BioSensing & Diagnostics, Wageningen University and Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
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2
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Giglia G, Gianfilippo A, Mandara MT, de Bruin E, Gröne A, van den Brand JMA. Usutu virus avian and human infection after more than 25 years of circulation. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 43:805-807. [PMID: 38329634 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-024-04778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Giglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Agliani Gianfilippo
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Erwin de Bruin
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M A van den Brand
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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3
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Bergmann W, Vernooij JCM, Grinwis GCM, Gröne A. Shapes of cervical articular process joints and association with histological evidence of osteochondrosis in Warmblood foals: A post-mortem study. Equine Vet J 2024; 56:110-120. [PMID: 37010250 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) of articular process joints (APJs) is involved in cervical vertebral compressive myelopathy (CVM). Biomechanical forces, important in development of OCD, depend on joint conformation. Oval and flat APJ surfaces are considered normal. OBJECTIVES To identify and grade gross shape variation of cervical and cranial thoracic APJ surfaces and determine association with histological evidence of osteochondrosis. STUDY DESIGN Case series. METHODS Eight hundred and four cervical and cranial thoracic APJ surfaces of 30 foals were evaluated for shape(s) and grades, and were correlated with osteochondrosis. RESULTS Three top view shapes (oval, pointed, elongated) and seven lateral view shapes (flat, convex, concave, stepped, bevelled, folded edge, raised edge) were regularly encountered. The oval top view shape was most common. Flat and bevelled were the most common lateral view shapes. General shape grade of caudal articular surfaces was significantly higher than of cranial surfaces. The combinations of an oval top view shape and the lateral view shapes folded edge, concave, or flat with additional raised edge and/or folded edge (flat +), were more likely to have OC than oval with convex, bevelled or flat lateral view shapes (normal vs. oval and folded, odds ratio [OR] 2.49 [95% confidence intervals (CIs) 1.13-5.67]; normal vs. oval and flat +, OR 2.77 [95% CI 1.15-6.85]; oval and convex vs. oval and folded, OR 3.20 [95% CI 1.35-8.20]; oval and convex vs. oval and flat +, OR 3.56 [95% CI 1.43-9.54]; oval and bevelled vs. oval and concave, OR 2.02 [95% CI 1.14-3.60]; oval and bevelled vs. oval and folded, OR 3.50 [95% CI 1.91-6.60]; oval and bevelled vs. oval and flat +, OR 3.90 [95% CI 2.00-7.70]). MAIN LIMITATIONS Most foals (21/30) were less than 1 month old. Lack of observer reliability scores for shape and shape grade. CONCLUSION APJs shape might contribute to CVM by increased likelihood to have OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelmina Bergmann
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, NL-3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes C M Vernooij
- Division of Farm Animal Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, NL-3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guy C M Grinwis
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, NL-3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, NL-3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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4
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Chestakova IV, van der Linden A, Bellido Martin B, Caliendo V, Vuong O, Thewessen S, Hartung T, Bestebroer T, Dekker J, Jonge Poerink B, Gröne A, Koopmans M, Fouchier R, van den Brand JMA, Sikkema RS. High number of HPAI H5 virus infections and antibodies in wild carnivores in the Netherlands, 2020-2022. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2270068. [PMID: 37842795 PMCID: PMC10732216 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2270068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
In October 2020, a new lineage of a clade 2.3.4.4b HPAI virus of the H5 subtype emerged in Europe, resulting in the largest global outbreak of HPAI to date, with unprecedented mortality in wild birds and poultry. The virus appears to have become enzootic in birds, continuously yielding novel HPAI virus variants. The recently increased abundance of infected birds worldwide increases the probability of bird-mammal contact, particularly in wild carnivores. Here, we performed molecular and serological screening of over 500 dead wild carnivores and sequencing of RNA positive materials. We show virological evidence for HPAI H5 virus infection in 0.8%, 1.4%, and 9.9% of animals tested in 2020, 2021, and 2022 respectively, with the highest proportion of positives in foxes, polecats and stone martens. We obtained near full genomes of 7 viruses and detected PB2 amino acid substitutions known to play a role in mammalian adaptation in three sequences. Infections were also found in without neurological signs or mortality. Serological evidence for infection was detected in 20% of the study population. These findings suggests that a high proportion of wild carnivores is infected but undetected in current surveillance programmes. We recommend increased surveillance in susceptible mammals, irrespective of neurological signs or encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Valentina Caliendo
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Oanh Vuong
- Department of Viroscience, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Thewessen
- Department of Viroscience, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tijmen Hartung
- Department of Viroscience, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Bestebroer
- Department of Viroscience, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasja Dekker
- Jasja Dekker Dierecologie B.V., Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | | | - Andrea Gröne
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marion Koopmans
- Department of Viroscience, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Fouchier
- Department of Viroscience, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M. A. van den Brand
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Reina S. Sikkema
- Department of Viroscience, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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IJsseldijk LL, Begeman L, Duim B, Gröne A, Kik MJL, Klijnstra MD, Lakemeyer J, Leopold MF, Munnink BBO, Ten Doeschate M, van Schalkwijk L, Zomer A, der Graaf-van Bloois LV, Broens EM. Harbor Porpoise Deaths Associated with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, the Netherlands, 2021. Emerg Infect Dis 2023; 29:835-838. [PMID: 36958025 PMCID: PMC10045706 DOI: 10.3201/eid2904.221698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In August 2021, a large-scale mortality event affected harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in the Netherlands. Pathology and ancillary testing of 22 animals indicated that the most likely cause of death was Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection. This zoonotic agent poses a health hazard for cetaceans and possibly for persons handling cetacean carcasses.
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6
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Agliani G, Giglia G, de Bruin E, van Mastrigt T, Blom R, Sikkema RS, Kik M, Koopmans MP, Gröne A, Van den Brand JM. The pathology of co-infection with Usutu virus and plasmodium spp. in naturally infected Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula). One Health 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
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7
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Agliani G, Giglia G, Marshall EM, Gröne A, Rockx BH, van den Brand JM. Pathological features of West Nile and Usutu virus natural infections in wild and domestic animals and in humans: A comparative review. One Health 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
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8
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Rijks JM, Leopold MF, Kühn S, in ‘t Veld R, Schenk F, Brenninkmeijer A, Lilipaly SJ, Ballmann MZ, Kelder L, de Jong JW, Courtens W, Slaterus R, Kleyheeg E, Vreman S, Kik MJ, Gröne A, Fouchier RA, Engelsma M, de Jong MC, Kuiken T, Beerens N. Mass Mortality Caused by Highly Pathogenic Influenza A(H5N1) Virus in Sandwich Terns, the Netherlands, 2022. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:2538-2542. [PMID: 36418000 PMCID: PMC9707584 DOI: 10.3201/eid2812.221292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We collected data on mass mortality in Sandwich terns (Thalasseus sandvicensis) during the 2022 breeding season in the Netherlands. Mortality was associated with at least 2 variants of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b. We report on carcass removal efforts relative to survival in colonies. Mitigation strategies urgently require structured research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susanne Kühn
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Ronald in ‘t Veld
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Fred Schenk
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Allix Brenninkmeijer
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Sander J. Lilipaly
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Mónika Z. Ballmann
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Leon Kelder
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Job W. de Jong
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Wouter Courtens
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Roy Slaterus
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Erik Kleyheeg
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Sandra Vreman
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Marja J.L. Kik
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Ron A.M. Fouchier
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Marc Engelsma
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Mart C.M. de Jong
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Thijs Kuiken
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
| | - Nancy Beerens
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (J.M. Rijks, M.J.L. Kik, A. Gröne)
- Wageningen Marine Research, Den Helder, the Netherlands (M.F. Leopold, S. Kühn)
- Staatsbosbeheer Zuid-Hollandse Delta, Numansdorp, the Netherlands (R. in ’t Veld)
- Stichting Het Zeeuwse Landschap, Wilhelminadorp, the Netherlands (F. Schenk)
- Province of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands (A. Brenninkmeijer)
- Deltamilieu Projecten, Vlissingen, the Netherlands (S.J. Lilipaly, M.Z. Ballmann)
- Staatsbosbeheer Beheereenheid de Kop, Schoorl, the Netherlands (L. Kelder)
- Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, the Netherlands (J.W. de Jong)
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Brussels, Belgium (W. Courtens)
- Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (E. Kleyheeg, R. Slaterus)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands (S. Vreman, M. Engelsma,, N. Beerens)
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (R.A.M. Fouchier, T. Kuiken)
- Wageningen University and Research, Quantitative Veterinary Epidemiology group, Wageningen, the Netherlands (M.C.M. de Jong)
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9
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Giglia G, Mencattelli G, Lepri E, Agliani G, Gobbi M, Gröne A, van den Brand JMA, Savini G, Mandara MT. West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus: A Post-Mortem Monitoring Study in Wild Birds from Rescue Centers, Central Italy. Viruses 2022; 14:v14091994. [PMID: 36146800 PMCID: PMC9503110 DOI: 10.3390/v14091994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses that have been associated with neurological diseases in humans and wild birds. Wild bird rescue centers are potential significant hot spots for avian infection surveillance, as recognized in the Italian Integrate National Surveillance Plan for Arboviruses. Here we report the results of a post-mortem active monitoring study conducted from November 2017 to October 2020 on animals hosted in five wild bird rescue centers of Central Italy. Five hundred seventy-six (n = 576) wild birds were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the presence of WNV or USUV RNA fragments. No birds tested positive for USUV RNA (n = 0; 0.00%). Evidence of WNV RNA (Ct value = 34.36) was found in one bird (n = 1; 0.17%), an adult little grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis subsp. ruficollis), that tested WNV positive in December 2019. This study highlights the strategic role of wildlife rescue centers in monitoring both the introduction and circulation of avian emerging zoonotic diseases. In addition, the presence of WNV during the cold season evidences the possible role of birds in overwintering mechanisms in the Italian territory and requires further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Giglia
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giulia Mencattelli
- OIE National Reference Center for West Nile Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale, dell’Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, 64100 Teramo, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Elvio Lepri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Gianfilippo Agliani
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Gobbi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Umbria e delle Marche “T. Rosati”, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M. A. van den Brand
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Savini
- OIE National Reference Center for West Nile Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale, dell’Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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10
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Nemanichvili N, Spruit CM, Berends AJ, Gröne A, Rijks JM, Verheije MH, de Vries RP. Wild and domestic animals variably display Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc sialic acids. Glycobiology 2022; 32:791-802. [PMID: 35648131 PMCID: PMC9387512 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids are used as a receptor by several viruses and variations in the linkage type or C-5 modifications affect the binding properties. A species barrier for multiple viruses is present due to α2,3- or α2,6-linked sialic acids. The C-5 position of the sialic acid can be modified to form N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) or N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), which acts as a determinant for host susceptibility for pathogens such as influenza A virus, rotavirus, and transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus. Neu5Gc is present in most mammals such as pigs and horses but is absent in humans, ferrets, and dogs. However, little is known about C-5 content in wildlife species or how many C-5 modified sialic acids are present on N-linked glycans or glycolipids. Using our previously developed tissue microarray system, we investigated how 2 different lectins specific for Neu5Gc can result in varying detection levels of Neu5Gc glycans. We used these lectins to map Neu5Gc content in wild Suidae, Cervidae, tigers, and European hedgehogs. We show that Neu5Gc content is highly variable among different species. Furthermore, the removal of N-linked glycans reduces the binding of both Neu5Gc lectins while retention of glycolipids by omitting methanol treatment of tissues increases lectin binding. These findings highlight the importance of using multiple Neu5Gc lectins as the rich variety in which Neu5Gc is displayed can hardly be detected by a single lectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoloz Nemanichvili
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cindy M Spruit
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alinda J Berends
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jolianne M Rijks
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique H Verheije
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert P de Vries
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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11
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Giglia G, Agliani G, Lepri E, Baldoni E, Gobbi M, Ceccherelli R, Gröne A, van den Brand JMA, Mandara MT. Neuronal satellitosis is a common finding in the avian brain. Avian Pathol 2022; 51:381-387. [PMID: 35503252 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2022.2073193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPerineuronal or neuronal satellitosis is the term describing the presence of glial cells in the satellite space surrounding the neuronal perikaryon. Confusingly, this finding has been described both as a physiologic and pathologic condition in humans and animals. In animals, neuronal satellitosis has been described in mammals, as well as in avian species. For the latter, authors wondered whether this finding can be expressed in the normal telencephalon of different avian orders and families and whether this pattern in different species shows a specific brain-region association. For these aims, this study explored the presence of neuronal satellitosis in the major areas of the healthy telencephalon in wild avian species of different orders and families, evaluating its grade in different brain regions. Neuronal satellitosis was seen in the Hyperpallium and Mesopallium as areas with the highest grade. Passeriformes showed the highest grade of neuronal satellitosis compared to Diurnal, Nocturnal raptors, and Charadriiformes. To clarify the exact role of neuronal satellitosis in animals without neurological disease further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Giglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.,Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gianfilippo Agliani
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elvio Lepri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Erika Baldoni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Gobbi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.,Diagnostic Department, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Renato Ceccherelli
- Centro Recupero Uccelli Marini e Acquatici (CRUMA), Via delle Sorgenti, 430, 57121 Livorno, Italy
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M A van den Brand
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Teresa Mandara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo, 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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12
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Pluim M, Heier A, Plomp S, Boshuizen B, Gröne A, van Weeren PR, Vanderperren K, Martens A, Dewulf J, Chantziaras I, Koene M, Luciani A, Oosterlinck M, Van Brantegem L, Delesalle C. Histological tissue healing following high-power laser treatment in a model of suspensory ligament branch injury. Equine Vet J 2022; 54:1114-1122. [PMID: 35008124 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-power laser therapy gained popularity recently as a regenerative treatment for tendinitis and desmitis in the horse. However, studies evaluating effects of laser therapy on tissue repair at histological level in large mammals are lacking. OBJECTIVES To evaluate effects of high-power laser therapy on suspensory desmitis healing, using a model of suspensory ligament branch injury. STUDY DESIGN In vivo experiments. METHODS Standardised lesions were surgically induced in all 4 lateral suspensory branches of twelve healthy Warmblood horses. Laser therapy (class 4, 15W) was applied daily on 2 of 4 induced lesions for 4 consecutive weeks. Horses were randomly assigned to either short-term study (horses were sacrificed after 4 weeks) or long-term study (6 months). Suspensory ligament samples were scored after staining with haematoxylin-eosin and immunostaining for collagen 1- collagen 3- and factor VIII. RESULTS In the short-term study, significantly better (lower) scores for variation in density (17% above cut-off score in treated lesions vs. 31% above cut-off score in controls, p=0.03), shape of nuclei (54% vs. 92%, p=0.02), fibre alignment (32% vs. 75%, p=0.003) and fibre structure (38% vs. 71%, p=0.02) were found in laser treated lesions when compared to controls. Collagen 3 expression was significantly higher (32% vs. 19%, p=0.006) in control lesions. In both short- and long-term studies combined, parameters lesion size (44% vs. 56%, p=0.02) and shape of nuclei (53% vs. 84%, p=0.05) scored significantly better in treated lesions. Long-term, significantly better (lower) scores were found in the laser-treated group for lesion size (15% vs. 45%, p=0.008) and a higher percentage above cut-off score for density of the nuclei (27% vs. 9%, p=0.02), compared to controls. MAIN LIMITATIONS The model of suspensory branch injury is not an exact representation of clinical overstrain lesions. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that high-power laser therapy enables better lesion healing than conservative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Pluim
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Research group of Comparative Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Tierklinik Lüsche GmbH, Bakum, Germany
| | - Annabelle Heier
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Saskia Plomp
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Berit Boshuizen
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Research group of Comparative Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - P René van Weeren
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Katrien Vanderperren
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ann Martens
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Dewulf
- Unit of Veterinary Epidemiology, Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilias Chantziaras
- Unit of Veterinary Epidemiology, Department of Obstetrics, Reproduction and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Maarten Oosterlinck
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leen Van Brantegem
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cathérine Delesalle
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Research group of Comparative Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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13
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Bergmann W, de Lest CV, Plomp S, Vernooij JCM, Wijnberg ID, Back W, Gröne A, Delany MW, Caliskan N, Tryfonidou MA, Grinwis GCM. Intervertebral disc degeneration in warmblood horses: Histological and biochemical characterization. Vet Pathol 2022; 59:284-298. [PMID: 35291907 PMCID: PMC8928235 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211067463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gross morphology of healthy and degenerated intervertebral discs (IVDs) is largely similar in horses as in dogs and humans. For further comparison, the biochemical composition and the histological and biochemical changes with age and degeneration were analyzed in 41 warmblood horses. From 33 horses, 139 discs and 2 fetal vertebral columns were evaluated and scored histologically. From 13 horses, 73 IVDs were assessed for hydration, DNA, glycosaminoglycans, total collagen, hydroxyl-lysyl-pyridinoline, hydroxylysine, and advanced glycation end-product (AGE) content. From 7 horses, 20 discs were assessed for aggrecan, fibronectin, and collagen type 1 and 2 content. Histologically, tearing of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and cervical annulus fibrosus (AF), and total histological score (tearing and vascular proliferation of the AF, and chondroid metaplasia, chondrocyte-like cell proliferation, presence of notochordal cells, matrix staining, and tearing of the NP) correlated with gross degeneration. Notochordal cells were not seen in IVDs of horses. Age and gross degeneration were positively correlated with AGEs and a fibrotic phenotype, explaining gross degenerative changes. In contrast to dogs and humans, there was no consistent difference in glycosaminoglycan content and hydration between AF and NP, nor decrease of these variables with age or degeneration. Hydroxylysine decrease and collagen 1 and AGEs increase were most prominent in the NP, suggesting degeneration started in the AP. In caudal cervical NPs, AGE deposition was significantly increased in grossly normal IVDs and total collagen significantly increased with age, suggesting increased biomechanical stress and likelihood for spinal disease in this part of the vertebral column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelmina Bergmann
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chris van de Lest
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Plomp
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes C. M. Vernooij
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Inge D. Wijnberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Back
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mark W. Delany
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nermin Caliskan
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Current address: Diergezondheidszorg Vlaanderen (DGZ), Torhout, Belgium
| | - Marianna A. Tryfonidou
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guy C. M. Grinwis
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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14
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Nemanichvili N, Berends AJ, Tomris I, Barnard KN, Parrish CR, Gröne A, Rijks JM, Verheije MH, de Vries RP. Influenza D binding properties vary amongst the two major virus clades and wildlife species. Vet Microbiol 2021; 264:109298. [PMID: 34906835 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The influenza D virus (IDV) uses a trimeric hemagglutinin-esterase fusion protein (HEF) for attachment to 9-O-acetylated sialic acid receptors on the cell surface of host species. So far research has revealed that farm animals such as cattle, domestic pigs, goats, sheep and horses contain the necessary receptors on the epithelial surface of the respiratory tract to accommodate binding of the IDV HEF protein of both worldwide clades D/Oklahoma (D/OK) and D/Oklahoma/660 (D/660). More recently, seroprevalence studies have identified IDV-seropositive wildlife such as wild boar, deer, dromedaries, and small ruminants. However, no research has thus far been conducted in wildlife to reveal the distribution of acetylated sialic acid receptors that accommodate binding of IDV. Using our previously developed tissue microarray (TMA) system, we developed TMAs containing respiratory tissues of various wild and domestic species including wild boar, deer, dromedary, springbok, water buffalo, tiger, hedgehog, and Asian elephant. Protein histochemical staining of these TMAs with HEF proteins showed no receptor binding for wild Suidae, Cervidae and tiger. However, receptors were present in dromedary, springbok, water buffalo, Asian elephant, and hedgehog. In contrast to previously tested farm animals, a difference in host tropism was observed between the D/OK and D/660 clade HEF proteins in Asian elephant, and water buffalo. These results show that IDV can attach to the respiratory tract of wildlife which might facilitate transmission of IDV between wildlife and domestic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoloz Nemanichvili
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alinda J Berends
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ilhan Tomris
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Karen N Barnard
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Colin R Parrish
- Baker Institute for Animal Health, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baker Institute for Animal Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jolianne M Rijks
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Monique H Verheije
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Robert P de Vries
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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15
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van den Heuvel-Greve MJ, van den Brink AM, Kotterman MJJ, Kwadijk CJAF, Geelhoed SCV, Murphy S, van den Broek J, Heesterbeek H, Gröne A, IJsseldijk LL. Polluted porpoises: Generational transfer of organic contaminants in harbour porpoises from the southern North Sea. Sci Total Environ 2021; 796:148936. [PMID: 34328906 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), bioaccumulate in marine ecosystems. Top predators contain high levels of POPs in their lipid-rich tissues, which may result in adverse effects on their reproductive, immune and endocrine functions. Harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) are among the smallest of cetaceans and live under high metabolic demand, making them particularly vulnerable to environmental pressures. Using samples from individuals of all maturity classes and sexes stranded along the southern North Sea (n = 121), we show the generational transfer of PCBs, PBDEs and HCB from adults to foetuses. Porpoise placentas contained 1.3-8.2 mg/kg lipid weight (lw) Sum-17PCB, <dl-0.08 mg/kg lw Sum-17PBDE and 0.14-0.16 mg/kg lw HCB, which were similar to concentrations in foetus blubber. Contaminant levels increased significantly after birth through suckling. Milk samples contained 0.20-33.8 mg/kg lw Sum-17PCB, 0.002-0.51 mg/kg lw Sum-17PBDE and 0.03-0.21 mg/kg lw HCB. Especially lower halogenated and more toxic contaminants were transferred to calves, exposing them to high levels of contaminants early in life. Of all animals included in this study, 38.5% had PCB concentrations exceeding a threshold level for negative health effects (>9 mg/kg lw). This was particularly true for adult males (92.3% >9 mg/kg lw), while adult females had relatively low PCB levels (10.5% >9 mg/kg lw) due to offloading. Nutritional stress led to higher offloading in the milk, causing a greater potential for toxicity in calves of nutritionally stressed females. No correlation between PCB concentration and parasite infestation was detected, although the probability of a porpoise dying due to infectious disease or debilitation increased with increasing PCB concentrations. Despite current regulations to reduce pollution, these results provide further evidence of potential health effects of POPs on harbour porpoises of the southern North Sea, which may consequently increase their susceptibility to other pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine J van den Heuvel-Greve
- Wageningen Marine Research, P.O. Box 77, 4400 AB Yerseke, the Netherlands; Wageningen University, Marine Animal Ecology, P.O. Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | - Steve C V Geelhoed
- Wageningen Marine Research, P.O. Box 77, 4400 AB Yerseke, the Netherlands
| | - Sinéad Murphy
- Marine and Freshwater Research Centre, Galway-Mayo Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Galway, H91 T8NW, Ireland
| | - Jan van den Broek
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Heesterbeek
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lonneke L IJsseldijk
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
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16
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Morell M, IJsseldijk LL, Berends AJ, Gröne A, Siebert U, Raverty SA, Shadwick RE, Kik MJL. Evidence of Hearing Loss and Unrelated Toxoplasmosis in a Free-Ranging Harbour Porpoise ( Phocoena phocoena). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113058. [PMID: 34827790 PMCID: PMC8614470 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Evidence of hearing impairment was identified in a female harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) on the basis of inner ear analysis. The animal live stranded on the Dutch coast at Domburg in 2016 and died a few hours later. Ultrastructural examination of the inner ear revealed evidence of sensory cell loss, which is compatible with noise exposure. In addition, histopathology also revealed multifocal necrotising protozoal encephalitis. A diagnosis of toxoplasmosis was confirmed by positive staining of tissue with anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies; however, T. gondii tachyzoites were not observed histologically in any of the examined tissues. This is the first case of presumptive noise-induced hearing loss and demonstration of T. gondii cysts in the brain of a free-ranging harbour porpoise from the North Sea. Abstract Evidence of hearing impairment was identified in a harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) on the basis of scanning electron microscopy. In addition, based on histopathology and immunohistochemistry, there were signs of unrelated cerebral toxoplasmosis. The six-year old individual live stranded on the Dutch coast at Domburg in 2016 and died a few hours later. The most significant gross lesion was multifocal necrosis and haemorrhage of the cerebrum. Histopathology of the brain revealed extensive necrosis and haemorrhage in the cerebrum with multifocal accumulations of degenerated neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages, and perivascular lymphocytic cuffing. The diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis was confirmed by positive staining of protozoa with anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. Tachyzoites were not observed histologically in any of the examined tissues. Ultrastructural evaluation of the inner ear revealed evidence of scattered loss of outer hair cells in a 290 µm long segment of the apical turn of the cochlea, and in a focal region of ~ 1.5 mm from the apex of the cochlea, which was compatible with noise-induced hearing loss. This is the first case of concurrent presumptive noise-induced hearing loss and toxoplasmosis in a free-ranging harbour porpoise from the North Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Morell
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761 Büsum, Germany;
- Zoology Department, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (S.A.R.); (R.E.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (L.L.I.)
| | - Lonneke L. IJsseldijk
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.J.B.); (A.G.); (M.J.L.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (L.L.I.)
| | - Alinda J. Berends
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.J.B.); (A.G.); (M.J.L.K.)
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.J.B.); (A.G.); (M.J.L.K.)
| | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761 Büsum, Germany;
| | - Stephen A. Raverty
- Zoology Department, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (S.A.R.); (R.E.S.)
- Animal Health Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Abbotsford, BC V3G 2M3, Canada
| | - Robert E. Shadwick
- Zoology Department, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; (S.A.R.); (R.E.S.)
| | - Marja J. L. Kik
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (A.J.B.); (A.G.); (M.J.L.K.)
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17
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Lehnert K, IJsseldijk LL, Uy ML, Boyi JO, van Schalkwijk L, Tollenaar EA, Gröne A, Wohlsein P, Siebert U. Whale lice ( Isocyamus deltobranchium & Isocyamus delphinii; Cyamidae) prevalence in odontocetes off the German and Dutch coasts - morphological and molecular characterization and health implications. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2021; 15:22-30. [PMID: 33936945 PMCID: PMC8079326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Whale lice (Cyamidae; Amphipoda) are ectoparasitic crustaceans adapted to the marine environment with cetaceans as their host. There are few reports of cyamids occurring in odontocetes from the North Sea, and long-term studies are lacking. Marine mammal health was monitored along the German and Dutch coasts in the past decades, with extensive post mortem investigations conducted. The aim of this study was to analyse archived ectoparasite samples from stranded cetaceans from the North Sea (2010-2019), to determine species, prevalence and impact of ectoparasite infection. Ectoparasites were found on two cetacean species - harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena), as the most abundant cetacean species in the North Sea, and on a pilot whale (Globicephala melas), as a rare species here. Prevalence of ectoparasitic crustaceans in cetaceans was low: 7.6% in porpoises stranded in the Netherlands (n = 608) and 1.6% in porpoises stranded in Germany (n = 122). All whale lice infections were found on hosts with skin lesions characterised by ulcerations. Morphological investigations revealed characteristic differences between the cyamid species Isocyamus (I.) delphinii and I. deltobranchium identified. Isocyamus deltobranchium was determined in all infected harbour porpoises. I. delphinii was identified on only the pilot whale. Molecular analyses showed 88% similarity of mDNA COI sequences of I. delphinii with I. deltobranchium supporting them as separate species. Phylogenetic analyses of additional gene loci are required to fully assess the diversity and exchange of whale lice species between geographical regions as well as host specificity. Differing whale lice prevalences in porpoises stranded in the Netherlands and Germany could indicate a difference in severity of skin lesions between these areas. It should be further investigated if more inter- or intraspecific contact, e.g., due to a higher density of porpoises or contact with other cetaceans, or a poorer health status of porpoises in the southern North Sea could explain these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lehnert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Werftstr. 6, D-25761, Buesum, Germany
| | - Lonneke L. IJsseldijk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - May Li Uy
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Werftstr. 6, D-25761, Buesum, Germany
| | - Joy Ometere Boyi
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Werftstr. 6, D-25761, Buesum, Germany
| | - Linde van Schalkwijk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Eveline A.P. Tollenaar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584CL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Wohlsein
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg, D-30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Werftstr. 6, D-25761, Buesum, Germany
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18
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Giglia G, Agliani G, Munnink BBO, Sikkema RS, Mandara MT, Lepri E, Kik M, Ijzer J, Rijks JM, Fast C, Koopmans MPG, Verheije MH, Gröne A, Reusken CBEM, van den Brand JMA. Pathology and Pathogenesis of Eurasian Blackbirds ( Turdus merula) Naturally Infected with Usutu Virus. Viruses 2021; 13:1481. [PMID: 34452347 PMCID: PMC8402641 DOI: 10.3390/v13081481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic flavivirus. Despite its continuous circulation in Europe, knowledge on the pathology, cellular and tissue tropism and pathogenetic potential of different circulating viral lineages is still fragmentary. Here, macroscopic and microscopic evaluations are performed in association with the study of cell and tissue tropism and comparison of lesion severity of two circulating virus lineages (Europe 3; Africa 3) in 160 Eurasian blackbirds (Turdus merula) in the Netherlands. Results confirm hepatosplenomegaly, coagulative necrosis and lymphoplasmacytic inflammation as major patterns of lesions and, for the first time, vasculitis as a novel virus-associated lesion. A USUV and Plasmodium spp. co-infection was commonly identified. The virus was associated with lesions by immunohistochemistry and was reported most commonly in endothelial cells and blood circulating and tissue mononucleated cells, suggesting them as a major route of entry and spread. A tropism for mononuclear phagocytes cells was further supported by viral labeling in multinucleated giant cells. The involvement of ganglionic neurons and epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract suggests a possible role of oral transmission, while the involvement of feather follicle shafts and bulbs suggests their use as a diagnostic sample for live bird testing. Finally, results suggest similar pathogenicity for the two circulating lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Giglia
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (G.G.); (G.A.); (M.K.); (J.I.); (M.H.V.); (A.G.)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.T.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Gianfilippo Agliani
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (G.G.); (G.A.); (M.K.); (J.I.); (M.H.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Bas B. Oude Munnink
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.B.O.M.); (R.S.S.); (M.P.G.K.); (C.B.E.M.R.)
| | - Reina S. Sikkema
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.B.O.M.); (R.S.S.); (M.P.G.K.); (C.B.E.M.R.)
| | - Maria Teresa Mandara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.T.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Elvio Lepri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (M.T.M.); (E.L.)
| | - Marja Kik
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (G.G.); (G.A.); (M.K.); (J.I.); (M.H.V.); (A.G.)
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Jooske Ijzer
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (G.G.); (G.A.); (M.K.); (J.I.); (M.H.V.); (A.G.)
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Jolianne M. Rijks
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Christine Fast
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Disease, Friedrich-Loeffler Institut, D-17493 Isle of Riems, Germany;
| | - Marion P. G. Koopmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.B.O.M.); (R.S.S.); (M.P.G.K.); (C.B.E.M.R.)
| | - Monique H. Verheije
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (G.G.); (G.A.); (M.K.); (J.I.); (M.H.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (G.G.); (G.A.); (M.K.); (J.I.); (M.H.V.); (A.G.)
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Chantal B. E. M. Reusken
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (B.B.O.M.); (R.S.S.); (M.P.G.K.); (C.B.E.M.R.)
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M. A. van den Brand
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (G.G.); (G.A.); (M.K.); (J.I.); (M.H.V.); (A.G.)
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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19
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Abstract
In 2016, an outbreak of Chlamydia avium infection occurred among Picazuro pigeons (Patagioenas picazuro) living in an aviary in the Netherlands. Molecular typing revealed a unique strain of C. avium. Our findings show that C. avium infection, which usually causes subclinical infection, can cause fatal disease in pigeons.
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20
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Weerts EAWS, Matthijs MGR, Bonhof J, van Haarlem DA, Dwars RM, Gröne A, Verheije MH, Jansen CA. The contribution of the immune response to enhanced colibacillosis upon preceding viral respiratory infection in broiler chicken in a dual infection model. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021; 238:110276. [PMID: 34126552 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Colibacillosis in chickens caused by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is known to be aggravated by preceding infections with infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and avian metapneumovirus (aMPV). The mechanism behind these virus-induced predispositions for secondary bacterial infections is poorly understood. Here we set out to investigate the immunopathogenesis of enhanced respiratory colibacillosis after preceding infections with these three viruses. Broilers were inoculated intratracheally with APEC six days after oculonasal and intratracheal inoculation with IBV, NDV, aMPV or buffered saline. After euthanasia at 1 and 8 days post infection (dpi) with APEC, birds were macroscopically examined and tissue samples were taken from the trachea, lungs and air sacs. In none of the groups differences in body weight were observed during the course of infection. Macroscopic lesion scoring revealed most severe tissue changes after NDV-APEC and IBV-APEC infection. Histologically, persistent tracheitis was detected in all virus-APEC groups, but not after APEC-only infection. In the lungs, mostly APEC-associated transient pneumonia was observed. Severe and persistent airsacculitis was present after NDV-APEC and IBV-APEC infection. Bacterial antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry only at 1 dpi APEC, predominantly in NDV-APEC- and IBV-APEC-infected lungs. Higher numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes persisted over time in NDV-APEC- and IBV-APEC-infected tracheas, as did CD4+ lymphocytes in NBV-APEC- and IBV-APEC-infected air sacs. KUL01+ cells, which include monocytes and macrophages, and TCRγδ+ lymphocytes were observed mostly in lung tissue in all infected groups with transient higher numbers of KUL01+ cells over time and higher numbers of TCRγδ+ lymphocytes mainly at 8 dpi. qPCR analysis revealed mostly trends of transient higher levels of IL-6 and IFNγ mRNA in lung tissue after IBV-APEC and also NDV-APEC infection and persistent higher levels of IL-6 mRNA after aMPV-APEC infection. In spleens, transient higher levels of IL-17 mRNA and more persistent higher levels of IL-6 mRNA were observed after all co-infections. No changes in IL-10 mRNA expression were seen. These results demonstrate a major impact of dual infections with respiratory viruses and APEC, compared to a single infection with APEC, on the chicken respiratory tract and suggest that immunopathogenesis contributes to lesion persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A W S Weerts
- Division of Pathology, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Mieke G R Matthijs
- Division of Farm Animal Health, Department Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Josette Bonhof
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Daphne A van Haarlem
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - R Marius Dwars
- Division of Farm Animal Health, Department Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 7, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - M Hélène Verheije
- Division of Pathology, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Christine A Jansen
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
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21
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de Reuver S, IJsseldijk LL, Homans JF, Willems DS, Veraa S, van Stralen M, Kik MJL, Kruyt MC, Gröne A, Castelein RM. What a stranded whale with scoliosis can teach us about human idiopathic scoliosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7218. [PMID: 33785866 PMCID: PMC8009909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86709-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Scoliosis is a deformation of the spine that may have several known causes, but humans are the only mammal known to develop scoliosis without any obvious underlying cause. This is called 'idiopathic' scoliosis and is the most common type. Recent observations showed that human scoliosis, regardless of its cause, has a relatively uniform three-dimensional anatomy. We hypothesize that scoliosis is a universal compensatory mechanism of the spine, independent of cause and/or species. We had the opportunity to study the rare occurrence of scoliosis in a whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) that stranded in July 2019 in the Netherlands. A multidisciplinary team of biologists, pathologists, veterinarians, taxidermists, radiologists and orthopaedic surgeons conducted necropsy and imaging analysis. Blunt traumatic injury to two vertebrae caused an acute lateral deviation of the spine, which had initiated the development of compensatory curves in regions of the spine without anatomical abnormalities. Three-dimensional analysis of these compensatory curves showed strong resemblance with different types of human scoliosis, amongst which idiopathic. This suggests that any decompensation of spinal equilibrium can lead to a rather uniform response. The unique biomechanics of the upright human spine, with significantly decreased rotational stability, may explain why only in humans this mechanism can be induced relatively easily, without an obvious cause, and is therefore still called 'idiopathic'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven de Reuver
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke L IJsseldijk
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jelle F Homans
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dorien S Willems
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Veraa
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijn van Stralen
- Imaging Division, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marja J L Kik
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Moyo C Kruyt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - René M Castelein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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22
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IJsseldijk LL, Scheidat M, Siemensma ML, Couperus B, Leopold MF, Morell M, Gröne A, Kik MJL. Challenges in the Assessment of Bycatch: Postmortem Findings in Harbor Porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena) Retrieved From Gillnets. Vet Pathol 2021; 58:405-415. [PMID: 33272139 PMCID: PMC7961740 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820972454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bycatch is considered one of the most significant threats affecting cetaceans worldwide. In the North Sea, bottom-set gillnets are a specific risk for harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena). Methods to estimate bycatch rates include on-board observers, remote electronic monitoring, and fishermen voluntarily reporting; none of these are systematically conducted. Additionally, necropsies of stranded animals can provide insights into bycatch occurrence and health status of individuals. There are, however, uncertainties when it comes to the assessment of bycatch in stranded animals, mainly due to the lack of diagnostic tools specific for underwater entrapment. We conducted a literature review to establish criteria that aid in the assessment of bycatch in small cetaceans, and we tested which of these criteria applied to harbor porpoises retrieved from gillnets in the Netherlands (n = 12). Twenty-five criteria were gathered from literature. Of these, "superficial incisions," "encircling imprints," and "recent ingestion of prey" were observed in the vast majority of our confirmed bycatch cases. Criteria like "pulmonary edema," "pulmonary emphysema," and "organ congestion" were also frequently observed, although considered unspecific as an indicator of bycatch. Notably, previously mentioned criteria as "favorable health status," "absence of disease," or "good nutritional condition" did not apply to the majority of our bycaught porpoises. This may reflect an overall reduced fitness of harbor porpoises inhabiting the southern North Sea or a higher chance of a debilitated porpoise being bycaught, and could result in an underestimation of bycatch rates when assessing stranded animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lonneke L. IJsseldijk
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Bram Couperus
- Wageningen Marine Research, Ijmuiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Maria Morell
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Büsum, Germany
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Marja J. L. Kik
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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23
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Schick L, IJsseldijk LL, Grilo ML, Lakemeyer J, Lehnert K, Wohlsein P, Ewers C, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Baumgärtner W, Gröne A, Kik MJL, Siebert U. Pathological Findings in White-Beaked Dolphins ( Lagenorhynchus albirostris) and Atlantic White-Sided Dolphins ( Lagenorhynchus acutus) From the South-Eastern North Sea. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:262. [PMID: 32671103 PMCID: PMC7326107 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the North Sea, white-beaked dolphins (Lagenorhynchus albirostris) occur regularly and are the second most common cetacean in the area, while their close relative, the Atlantic white-sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), prefers the deeper waters of the northern North Sea and adjacent Atlantic Ocean. Though strandings of both species have occurred regularly in the past three decades, they have decreased in the southern North Sea during the last years. Studies describing necropsy findings in stranded Lagenorhynchus spp. are, to date, still scarce, while information gained through post-mortem examinations may reveal valuable information about underlying causes of this decline, including age structure and the reproduction status. Therefore, we retrospectively assessed and compared the necropsy results from fresh Lagenorhynchus spp. stranded along the southeastern North Sea between 1990 and 2019. A full necropsy was performed on 24 white-beaked dolphins and three Atlantic white-sided dolphins from the German and Dutch coast. Samples of selected organs were taken for histopathological, bacteriological, mycological, parasitological and virological examinations. The most common post-mortem findings were emaciation, gastritis and pneumonia. Gastritis and ulceration of the stomach was often associated with an anisakid nematode infection. Pneumonia was most likely caused by bacterial infections. Encephalitis was observed in three animals and morbillivirus antigen was detected immunohistochemically in one case. Although the animal also showed pneumonic lesions, virus antigen was only found in the brain. Parasitic infections mainly affected the gastro-intestinal tract. Lungworm infections were only detected in two cases and no associations with pathological alterations were observed. Stenurus spp. were identified in two of three cases of parasitic infections of the ears. Twelve of the 26 white-beaked dolphins stranded in Germany were found between 1993 and 1994, but there was no evidence of epizootic disease events or mass strandings during the monitored period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Schick
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buesum, Germany
| | - Lonneke L IJsseldijk
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Miguel L Grilo
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buesum, Germany.,CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jan Lakemeyer
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buesum, Germany
| | - Kristina Lehnert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buesum, Germany
| | - Peter Wohlsein
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
| | - Christa Ewers
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ellen Prenger-Berninghoff
- Institute of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hanover, Germany
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marja J L Kik
- Division of Pathology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buesum, Germany
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24
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Gilbert MJ, IJsseldijk LL, Rubio-García A, Gröne A, Duim B, Rossen J, Zomer AL, Wagenaar JA. After the bite: bacterial transmission from grey seals ( Halichoerus grypus) to harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena). R Soc Open Sci 2020; 7:192079. [PMID: 32537205 PMCID: PMC7277243 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.192079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent population growth of the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) and common seal (Phoca vitulina) in the North Sea has increased potential interaction between these species. Grey seals are known to attack harbour porpoises. Some harbour porpoises survive initially, but succumb eventually, often showing severely infected skin lesions. Bacteria transferred from the grey seal oral cavity may be involved in these infections and eventual death of the animal. In humans, seal bites are known to cause severe infections. In this study, a 16S rRNA-based microbiome sequencing approach is used to identify the oral bacterial diversity in harbour porpoises, grey seals and common seals; detect the potential transfer of bacteria from grey seals to harbour porpoises by biting and provide insights in the bacteria with zoonotic potential present in the seal oral cavity. β-diversity analysis showed that 12.9% (4/31) of the harbour porpoise skin lesion microbiomes resembled seal oral microbiomes, while most of the other skin lesion microbiomes also showed seal-associated bacterial species, including potential pathogens. In conclusion, this study shows that bacterial transmission from grey seals to harbour porpoises by biting is highly likely and that seal oral cavities harbour many bacterial pathogens with zoonotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten J. Gilbert
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Reptile, Amphibian and Fish Conservation Netherlands (RAVON), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke L. IJsseldijk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Rubio-García
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Sealcentre, Pieterburen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division of Pathology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Birgitta Duim
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Campylobacter/OIE Reference Laboratory for Campylobacteriosis, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John Rossen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aldert L. Zomer
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Campylobacter/OIE Reference Laboratory for Campylobacteriosis, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap A. Wagenaar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Campylobacter/OIE Reference Laboratory for Campylobacteriosis, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
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25
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Bergmann W, de Mik-van Mourik M, Veraa S, van den Broek J, Wijnberg ID, Back W, Gröne A. Cervical articular process joint osteochondrosis in Warmblood foals. Equine Vet J 2020; 52:664-669. [PMID: 32009243 PMCID: PMC7496794 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Warmblood horses, degenerative joint disease is involved in cervical malformation and malarticulation (CVM). The degree of contribution of articular process joint (APJ) osteochondrosis (OC) is not clear. OBJECTIVES (a) To explore the presence of predilection sites for APJ OC in cervical and cranial thoracic vertebral columns of Warmblood foals and (b) to examine the correlation of such a site with the predilection site of CVM. STUDY DESIGN Case series. METHODS Seven hundred APJ facets of C2 to T2 of 29 foals (11 months gestation to 12 months [median age 7 days; range 365 days; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2-47 days]) were examined for OC and prevalence between joints, and the predilection site for CVM and the cranial cervical vertebral column were evaluated. RESULTS About 20.6% of facets revealed OC. There was no predilection site. Prevalence decreased with age up to 1 year (odds ratio [OR] 0.997; (95% CI 0.975-0.998)) but not up to 5 months. Severity increased with age in all age ranges (up to 1 year OR 1.023; 95% CI 1.005-1.049; >1-5 months, OR 1.203; 95% CI 1.014e+00-1.921; up to 1 month, OR 1.114; 95% CI 1.041-1.228). Highest prevalence was in cranial facets of the cervical and cervical-thoracic joints and in caudal facets of the thoracic joint up to 1 year and up to 1 month (OR 0.364; 95% CI 0.170-0.745, OR 0.434; 95% CI: 0.235-0.782, OR 7.665; 95% CI: 1.615-66.553 and OR 0.400; 95% CI 0.170-0.880, OR 0.351; 95% CI 0.172-0.700, OR 5.317; 95% CI 1.098-44.344 respectively). MAIN LIMITATIONS Two-thirds of the foals were less than 1 month of age. CONCLUSIONS Articular process joint OC in Warmblood foals is common and is not more prevalent at CVM predilection sites, suggesting that abnormalities of enchondral ossification may not be major contributors to CVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelmina Bergmann
- Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn de Mik-van Mourik
- Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Division of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Veraa
- Division of Integrating Disciplines, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan van den Broek
- Division of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Inge D Wijnberg
- Division of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Willem Back
- Division of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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26
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Ankringa N, Sanchez R, Kammergruber E, Grinwis G, Gröne A. Bilateral Retrobulbar Extramedullary Haemopoiesis in a Feline Leukaemia Virus and Feline Immunodeficiency Virus-Negative Cat. J Comp Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Giglia G, Reusken C, Schaafsma F, Mandara M, Rijks J, Sikkema R, Gröne A, Koopmans M, Verheije M, van den Brand J. Usutu Virus Infection and Plasmodium Co-Infection in Blackbirds (Turdus Merula) in the Netherlands From 2016 to 2018. J Comp Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Rijks JM, Laumen AAG, Slaterus R, Stahl J, Gröne A, Kik ML. Trichomonosis in Greenfinches ( Chloris chloris) in the Netherlands 2009-2017: A Concealed Threat. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:425. [PMID: 31850382 PMCID: PMC6896826 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Finch trichomonosis in Europe is caused by a Trichomonas gallinae subtype A1 strain, considered to be clonal because lacking genetic heterogeneity in partial genotyping. The disease recently emerged and has been associated with a 66% reduction of the British breeding greenfinch (Chloris chloris) population. In contrast, in the Netherlands, where trichomonosis was detected in 2009, the breeding greenfinch population continued to grow in subsequent years. This study aimed to elucidate whether this discrepancy in population trends is because Trichomonas infection in Dutch greenfinches is associated with less severe disease, i.e., disease being less fatal. Therefore, it characterized and quantified trichomonosis in a convenience sample of greenfinches found dead and examined post-mortem between 2009 and 2017 and compared results to published data from Great Britain. Trichomonads were detected by cytology, histology, or culture in 95/101 greenfinches. The birds with trichomonads all had microscopic lesions in the upper digestive tract consistent with trichomonosis, indicating the trichomonads caused disease. The occurrence of significant lesions due to other causes was low. Some greenfinches with trichomonosis showed no macroscopic lesions. These birds showed significantly less ulceration of the mucosa and less extensive heterophil infiltration, but extent of macrophage infiltration and presence of bacteria was similar to that of birds with macroscopic lesions, and significant lesions due to other causes were equally rare. Therefore, trichomonosis was considered similarly fatal in both groups. The frequency of fatal trichomonosis in the Dutch greenfinches did not differ significantly from that reported from Great Britain. Partial genotyping of the ITS1-5,8S-ITS2 and Fe-hydrogenase regions of T. gallinae was performed to detect genetic heterogeneity, that could indicate the presence of other, possibly less virulent, strains. In 60/63 samples there was full alignment of sequences with the clonal strain of T. gallinae subtype A1. The remaining three samples had the same single synonymous nucleotide difference in the Fe-hydrogenase region; however, pathology is these three was identical to the others. Collectively, the results provide no clear evidence for less severe disease as explanation for the discrepancy in census data trends. We conclude that trichomonosis is a threat concealed in Dutch breeding greenfinch census data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolianne M Rijks
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre (DWHC), Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Andrea A G Laumen
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre (DWHC), Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Roy Slaterus
- Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology (Sovon), Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Julia Stahl
- Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology (Sovon), Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre (DWHC), Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Pathology Division, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marja L Kik
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre (DWHC), Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Pathology Division, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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29
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Rijks JM, Montizaan MGE, Bakker N, de Vries A, Van Gucht S, Swaan C, van den Broek J, Gröne A, Sprong H. Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Antibodies in Roe Deer, the Netherlands. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:342-345. [PMID: 30666954 PMCID: PMC6346459 DOI: 10.3201/eid2502.181386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To increase knowledge of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) circulation in the Netherlands, we conducted serosurveillance in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) during 2017 and compared results with those obtained during 2010. Results corroborate a more widespread occurrence of the virus in 2017. Additional precautionary public health measures have been taken.
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30
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Kesselring T, Viquerat S, IJsseldijk L, Langeheine M, Wohlsein P, Gröne A, Bergmann M, Siebert U, Brehm R. Testicular morphology and spermatogenesis in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena). Theriogenology 2019; 126:177-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Koene M, Rijks J, Maas M, Ruuls R, Engelsma M, van Tulden P, Kik M, IJzer J, Notermans D, de Vries M, Fanoy E, Pijnacker R, Spierenburg M, Bavelaar H, Berkhout H, Sankatsing S, Diepersloot R, Myrtennas K, Granberg M, Forsman M, Roest HJ, Gröne A. Phylogeographic Distribution of Human and Hare Francisella Tularensis Subsp. Holarctica Strains in the Netherlands and Its Pathology in European Brown Hares (Lepus Europaeus). Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:11. [PMID: 30805312 PMCID: PMC6378916 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sequence-based typing of Francisella tularensis has led to insights in the evolutionary developments of tularemia. In Europe, two major basal clades of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica exist, with a distinct geographical distribution. Basal clade B.6 is primarily found in Western Europe, while basal clade B.12 occurs predominantly in the central and eastern parts of Europe. There are indications that tularemia is geographically expanding and that strains from the two clades might differ in pathogenicity, with basal clade B.6 strains being potentially more virulent than basal clade B.12. This study provides information on genotypes detected in the Netherlands during 2011–2017. Data are presented for seven autochthonous human cases and for 29 European brown hares (Lepus europaeus) with laboratory confirmed tularemia. Associated disease patterns are described for 25 European brown hares which underwent post-mortem examination. The basal clades B.6 and B.12 are present both in humans and in European brown hares in the Netherlands, with a patchy geographical distribution. For both genotypes the main pathological findings in hares associated with tularemia were severe (sub)acute necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis as well as necrotizing lesions and hemorrhages in several other organs. Pneumonia was significantly more common in the B.6 than in the B.12 cases. In conclusion, the two major basal clades present in different parts in Europe are both present in the Netherlands. In hares found dead, both genotypes were associated with severe acute disease affecting multiple organs. Hepatitis and splenitis were common pathological findings in hares infected with either genotype, but pneumonia occurred significantly more frequently in hares infected with the B.6 genotype compared to hares infected with the B.12 genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Koene
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Wageningen University and Research, Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Jolianne Rijks
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Miriam Maas
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Robin Ruuls
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Wageningen University and Research, Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Marc Engelsma
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Wageningen University and Research, Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Peter van Tulden
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Wageningen University and Research, Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Marja Kik
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jooske IJzer
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Daan Notermans
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Maaike de Vries
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Ewout Fanoy
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands.,GGD Rotterdam Rijnmond, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Roan Pijnacker
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Spierenburg
- Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Herjan Bavelaar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Hanneke Berkhout
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sanjay Sankatsing
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rob Diepersloot
- Department of Medical Microbiology en Immunology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Hendrik-Jan Roest
- Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Wageningen University and Research, Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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32
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Weerts E, Bouwman K, Paerels L, Gröne A, Boelm G, Verheije H. Redistribution of sialic acid receptors in the chicken trachea hampers superinfection with infectious bronchitis virus, but not with low pathogenic avian influenza virus. J Comp Pathol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Caswell JL, Bassel LL, Rothenburger JL, Gröne A, Sargeant JM, Beck AP, Ekman S, Gibson-Corley KN, Kuiken T, LaDouceur EEB, Meyerholz DK, Origgi FC, Posthaus H, Priestnall SL, Ressel L, Sharkey L, Teixeira LBC, Uchida K, Ward JM, Webster JD, Yamate J. Observational Study Design in Veterinary Pathology, Part 2: Methodology. Vet Pathol 2018; 55:774-785. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985818798121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Observational studies are a basis for much of our knowledge of veterinary pathology, yet considerations for conducting pathology-based observational studies are not readily available. In part 1 of this series, we offered advice on planning and carrying out an observational study. Part 2 of the series focuses on methodology. Our general recommendations are to consider using already-validated methods, published guidelines, data from primary sources, and quantitative analyses. We discuss 3 common methods in pathology research—histopathologic scoring, immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction—to illustrate principles of method validation. Some aspects of quality control include use of clear objective grading criteria, validation of key reagents, assessing sample quality, determining specificity and sensitivity, use of technical and biologic negative and positive controls, blinding of investigators, approaches to minimizing operator-dependent variation, measuring technical variation, and consistency in analysis of the different study groups. We close by discussing approaches to increasing the rigor of observational studies by corroborating results with complementary methods, using sufficiently large numbers of study subjects, consideration of the data in light of similar published studies, replicating the results in a second study population, and critical analysis of the study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff L. Caswell
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Laura L. Bassel
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jamie L. Rothenburger
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health; Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (Alberta), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan M. Sargeant
- Department of Population Medicine and Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Stina Ekman
- Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katherine N. Gibson-Corley
- Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Thijs Kuiken
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - David K. Meyerholz
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 1165 Medical Laboratories, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Francesco C. Origgi
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Horst Posthaus
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon L. Priestnall
- Department of Pathobiology & Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK
| | - Lorenzo Ressel
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Leslie Sharkey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Leandro B. C. Teixeira
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano City, Osaka, Japan
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Caswell JL, Bassel LL, Rothenburger JL, Gröne A, Sargeant JM, Beck AP, Ekman S, Gibson-Corley KN, Kuiken T, LaDouceur EEB, Meyerholz DK, Origgi FC, Posthaus H, Priestnall SL, Ressel L, Sharkey L, Teixeira LBC, Uchida K, Ward JM, Webster JD, Yamate J. Observational Study Design in Veterinary Pathology, Part 1: Study Design. Vet Pathol 2018; 55:607-621. [PMID: 30071806 DOI: 10.1177/0300985818785705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Observational studies are the basis for much of our knowledge of veterinary pathology and are highly relevant to the daily practice of pathology. However, recommendations for conducting pathology-based observational studies are not readily available. In part 1 of this series, we offer advice on planning and conducting an observational study with examples from the veterinary pathology literature. Investigators should recognize the importance of creativity, insight, and innovation in devising studies that solve problems and fill important gaps in knowledge. Studies should focus on specific and testable hypotheses, questions, or objectives. The methodology is developed to support these goals. We consider the merits and limitations of different types of analytic and descriptive studies, as well as of prospective vs retrospective enrollment. Investigators should define clear inclusion and exclusion criteria and select adequate numbers of study subjects, including careful selection of the most appropriate controls. Studies of causality must consider the temporal relationships between variables and the advantages of measuring incident cases rather than prevalent cases. Investigators must consider unique aspects of studies based on archived laboratory case material and take particular care to consider and mitigate the potential for selection bias and information bias. We close by discussing approaches to adding value and impact to observational studies. Part 2 of the series focuses on methodology and validation of methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff L Caswell
- 1 Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura L Bassel
- 1 Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jamie L Rothenburger
- 2 Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrea Gröne
- 3 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan M Sargeant
- 4 Department of Population Medicine and Centre for Public Health and Zoonoses, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda P Beck
- 5 Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Stina Ekman
- 6 Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Katherine N Gibson-Corley
- 7 Department of Pathology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Thijs Kuiken
- 8 Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - David K Meyerholz
- 10 University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Francesco C Origgi
- 11 Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Horst Posthaus
- 12 Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon L Priestnall
- 13 Deparment Pathobiology & Population Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Ressel
- 14 Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Leslie Sharkey
- 15 Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, N. Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Leandro B C Teixeira
- 16 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- 17 Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Jyoji Yamate
- 20 Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano City, Osaka, Japan
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35
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Bergmann W, Bergknut N, Veraa S, Gröne A, Vernooij H, Wijnberg ID, Back W, Grinwis GCM. Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Warmblood Horses: Morphology, Grading, and Distribution of Lesions. Vet Pathol 2018; 55:442-452. [PMID: 29301464 DOI: 10.1177/0300985817747950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Equine intervertebral disc degeneration is thought to be rare and of limited clinical relevance, although research is lacking. To objectively assess pathological changes of the equine intervertebral disc and their clinical relevance, description of the normal morphology and a practical, biologically credible grading scheme are needed. The objectives of this study are to describe the gross and histological appearance of the equine intervertebral discs and to propose a grading scheme for macroscopic degeneration. Spinal units from 33 warmblood horses were grossly analyzed and scored. Of the 286 intervertebral discs analyzed, 107 (37%) were assigned grade 1 and grade 2 (considered normal) and were analyzed histologically. A nucleus pulposus and an annulus fibrosus could be identified macroscopically and histologically. Histologically, the nucleus pulposus was composed of a cartilaginous matrix and the annulus fibrosus of parallel collagenous bands. A transition zone was also histologically visible. Intra- and inter-observer reliability scores were high for all observers. Higher grades were associated with greater age. Gross changes associated with equine intervertebral disc degeneration (grades 3-5)-that is, yellow discoloration, cleft formation (tearing), and changes in consistency of the nucleus pulposus-were largely similar to those in humans and dogs and were most prevalent in the caudal cervical spine. Equine intervertebral disc degeneration was not associated with osteophyte formation. Changes of the vertebral bone were most common in the thoracolumbar spine but were not correlated with higher grades of intervertebral disc degeneration. Thus, changes of the vertebral bone should be excluded from grading for equine intervertebral disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelmina Bergmann
- 1 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Niklas Bergknut
- 2 Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Veraa
- 3 Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- 1 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Vernooij
- 4 Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Inge D Wijnberg
- 5 Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Willem Back
- 5 Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,6 Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Guy C M Grinwis
- 1 Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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36
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Ten Doeschate MTI, IJsseldijk LL, Hiemstra S, de Jong EA, Strijkstra A, Gröne A, Begeman L. Quantifying parasite presence in relation to biological parameters of harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena stranded on the Dutch coast. Dis Aquat Organ 2017; 127:49-56. [PMID: 29256427 DOI: 10.3354/dao03182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Harbour porpoises are often found to be infected by endoparasites in several organs including the lungs and stomach as well as the heart, liver and ears. Nevertheless there is still little knowledge about the impact, ecology, transmission, and virulence of these parasitic infections. Here, we profile the presence of parasites in 4 frequently infected organs (lungs, stomach, liver and ears) in relation to biological parameters of harbour porpoises stranded along the Dutch coastline between December 2008 and December 2013. We found that parasites were common, with prevalence of 68% in lungs, 74.4% in ears, 26% in stomach and 23.5% in liver. We used generalised linear models to further quantify parasite presence in relation to biological data gathered during necropsy (sex, body length and nutritive condition). Body length (used as a proxy for age) was significant in explaining parasite presence for all organs with increasing probability of having the parasite with increasing body length. For the parasitic infections in the ears and stomach the nutritive condition was an additional significant factor, with a higher probability of parasite presence in porpoises in a poorer nutritive condition. The results of this study can be used as a baseline for assessing parasite presence in harbour porpoises and are a first step towards linking parasite infections to basic biological data gathered during necropsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariëlle T I Ten Doeschate
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, Netherlands
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37
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Morell M, Lehnert K, IJsseldijk LL, Raverty SA, Wohlsein P, Gröne A, André M, Siebert U, Shadwick RE. Parasites in the inner ear of harbour porpoise: cases from the North and Baltic Seas. Dis Aquat Organ 2017; 127:57-63. [PMID: 29256428 DOI: 10.3354/dao03178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Peribullar sinuses of harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena are parasitized with high prevalence by the nematode Stenurus minor. The effect of S. minor on the hearing ability of this species is still undetermined. Here, we review the occurrence of S. minor in the inner ear of harbour porpoises recovered from strandings in the North and Baltic Seas. In particular, we present the results from ears collected in German and Danish waters from 2002 to 2016 and from Dutch waters from 2010 to 2016. While the prevalence of S. minor in pterygoid and peribullar sinuses and tympanic cavity was high in harbour porpoises (66.67% in our cases), its prevalence in the cochlea was rare. Only 1 case out of 129 analysed by either histology, electron microscopy or immunofluorescence showed the presence of a nematode parasite morphologically consistent with S. minor at the most basal portion of the right cochlea. This individual also had severe haemorrhage along the right cochlear spiral, which was likely caused by ectopic S. minor migration. Although this animal might have had impaired hearing in the right ear, it was otherwise in good body condition with evidence of recent feeding. These findings highlight the need to study the effect of parasites on hearing, and other pathological changes that might impair appropriate processing of acoustic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Morell
- Zoology Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z4, Canada
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38
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Maas M, Gröne A, Kuiken T, Van Schaik G, Roest HIJ, Van Der Giessen JWB. Implementing wildlife disease surveillance in the Netherlands, a One Health approach. REV SCI TECH OIE 2017; 35:863-874. [PMID: 28332644 DOI: 10.20506/rst.35.3.2575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The surveillance of (emerging) wildlife diseases can provide important, objective evidence of the circulation of pathogens of interest for veterinary and/or public health. The involvement of multiple research institutions in wildlife disease surveillance can ensure the best use of existing knowledge and expertise, but can also complicate or add challenges to the integration of wildlife disease surveillance components into a national programme. Documenting the existing efforts in a country's surveillance of wildlife diseases, including the institutes in which it takes place, provides a basis for policy-makers and authorities to identify gaps and priorities in their current surveillance programmes. This paper describes the wildlife disease surveillance activities taking place in the Netherlands. The authors recommend that, in addition to funding these current activities, surveillance resources should be allocated with the flexibility to allow for additional targeted surveillance, to detect and adequately respond to newly introduced or emerging pathogens. Similar structured overviews of wildlife disease surveillance in other countries would be very useful to facilitate international collaboration.
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39
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Saucedo B, Hughes J, van Beurden SJ, Suárez NM, Haenen OLM, Voorbergen-Laarman M, Gröne A, Kik MJL. Complete Genome Sequence of Frog virus 3, Isolated from a Strawberry Poison Frog ( Oophaga pumilio) Imported from Nicaragua into the Netherlands. Genome Announc 2017; 5:e00863-17. [PMID: 28860243 PMCID: PMC5578841 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00863-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Frog virus 3 was isolated from a strawberry poison frog (Oophaga pumilio) imported from Nicaragua via Germany to the Netherlands, and its complete genome sequence was determined. Frog virus 3 isolate Op/2015/Netherlands/UU3150324001 is 107,183 bp long and has a nucleotide similarity of 98.26% to the reference Frog virus 3 isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Hughes
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nicolás M Suárez
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Olga L M Haenen
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research of Wageningen UR, Lelystad, the Netherlands
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40
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Nijs HGT, Gerretsen RRR, Stoel RD, Endenburg N, Gröne A. Commentary on: Intarapanich NP, McCobb EC, Reisman RW, Rozanski EA, Intarapanich PP. Characterization and comparison of injuries caused by accidental and non-accidental blunt force trauma in dogs and cats. J Forensic Sci 2016 Jul;61(4):993-9. J Forensic Sci 2017; 62:829. [DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hubert G. T. Nijs
- Department of Forensic Medicine; Netherlands Forensic Institute; PO Box 24044 2490 AA The Hague Netherlands
| | - Reza R. R. Gerretsen
- Department of Forensic Medicine; Netherlands Forensic Institute; PO Box 24044 2490 AA The Hague Netherlands
| | - Reinoud D. Stoel
- Department of Forensic Medicine; Netherlands Forensic Institute; PO Box 24044 2490 AA The Hague Netherlands
| | - Nienke Endenburg
- Department of Animals in Science and Society; Utrecht University; Utrecht Netherlands
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Department of Pathobiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Utrecht University; Utrecht Netherlands
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41
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Rijks JM, Kik ML, Slaterus R, Foppen R, Stroo A, IJzer J, Stahl J, Gröne A, Koopmans M, van der Jeugd HP, Reusken C. Widespread Usutu virus outbreak in birds in the Netherlands, 2016. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 21:30391. [PMID: 27918257 PMCID: PMC5144937 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.45.30391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We report a widespread Usutu virus outbreak in birds in the Netherlands. Viral presence had been detected through targeted surveillance as early as April 2016 and increased mortality in common blackbirds and captive great grey owls was noticed from August 2016 onwards. Usutu virus infection was confirmed by post-mortem examination and RT-PCR. Extensive Usutu virus activity in the Netherlands in 2016 underlines the need to monitor mosquito activity and mosquito-borne infections in 2017 and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Rijks
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre (DWHC), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,These authors contributed equally to the work
| | - M L Kik
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre (DWHC), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,These authors contributed equally to the work.,Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Centre (VPDC), Division of Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R Slaterus
- Sovon, Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rpb Foppen
- Sovon, Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Animal Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Stroo
- Centre for Monitoring of Vectors (CMV), National Reference Centre (NRC), Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA), Ministry of Economic Affairs, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J IJzer
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre (DWHC), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Centre (VPDC), Division of Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Stahl
- Sovon, Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A Gröne
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre (DWHC), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Veterinary Pathology Diagnostic Centre (VPDC), Division of Pathology, Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mgp Koopmans
- ErasmusMC, Department of Viroscience, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H P van der Jeugd
- Vogeltrekstation - Dutch Centre for Avian Migration and Demography (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cbem Reusken
- ErasmusMC, Department of Viroscience, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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42
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van Beurden SJ, IJsseldijk LL, van de Bildt MWG, Begeman L, Wellehan JFX, Waltzek TB, de Vrieze G, Gröne A, Kuiken T, Verheije MH, Penzes JJ. A novel cetacean adenovirus in stranded harbour porpoises from the North Sea: detection and molecular characterization. Arch Virol 2017; 162:2035-2040. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3310-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ploeg M, Gröne A, van de Lest CHA, Saey V, Duchateau L, Wolsein P, Chiers K, Ducatelle R, van Weeren PR, de Bruijn M, Delesalle C. Differences in extracellular matrix proteins between Friesian horses with aortic rupture, unaffected Friesians and Warmblood horses. Equine Vet J 2017; 49:609-613. [PMID: 27859600 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike in Warmblood horses, aortic rupture is quite common in Friesian horses, in which a hereditary trait is suspected. The aortic connective tissue in affected Friesians shows histological changes such as medial necrosis, elastic fibre fragmentation, mucoid material accumulation and fibrosis with aberrant collagen morphology. However, ultrastructural examination of the collagen fibres of the mid-thoracic aorta has been inconclusive in further elucidating the pathogenesis of the disease. OBJECTIVES To assess several extracellular matrix (ECM) components biochemically in order to explore a possible underlying breed-related systemic ECM defect in Friesians with aortic rupture. STUDY DESIGN Cadaver study. METHODS Tissues from affected Friesians (n = 18), unaffected Friesians (n = 10) and Warmblood horses (n = 30) were compared. Samples were taken from the thoracic aorta at the level of the rupture site, from two locations caudal to the rupture and from the deep digital flexor tendon. Total collagen content, post-translational modifications of collagen formation including lysine hydroxylation, and hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP), lysylpyridinoline (LP) and pyrrole cross-links were analysed. Additionally, elastin cross-links, glycosaminoglycan content and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity were assessed. RESULTS Significantly increased MMP activity and increased LP and HP cross-linking, lysine hydroxylation and elastin cross-linking were found at the site of rupture in affected Friesians. These changes may reflect processes involved in healing and aneurysm formation. Unaffected Friesians had less lysine hydroxylation and pyrrole cross-linking within the tendons compared with Warmblood horses. No differences in the matrix of the aorta were found between normal Warmbloods and Friesian horses. MAIN LIMITATIONS Small sample size. CONCLUSIONS The differences in collagen parameters in tendon tissue may reflect differences in connective tissue metabolism between Friesians and Warmblood horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ploeg
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - A Gröne
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - C H A van de Lest
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - V Saey
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - L Duchateau
- Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - P Wolsein
- Institute for Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - K Chiers
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - R Ducatelle
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - P R van Weeren
- Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - M de Bruijn
- Equine Clinic, Oldeholtpade, the Netherlands
| | - C Delesalle
- Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Unger B, Rebolledo ELB, Deaville R, Gröne A, IJsseldijk LL, Leopold MF, Siebert U, Spitz J, Wohlsein P, Herr H. Large amounts of marine debris found in sperm whales stranded along the North Sea coast in early 2016. Mar Pollut Bull 2016; 112:134-141. [PMID: 27539635 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
30 sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) stranded along the coasts of the North Sea between January and February 2016. The gastro-intestinal tracts of 22 of the carcasses were investigated. Marine debris including netting, ropes, foils, packaging material and a part of a car were found in nine of the 22 individuals. Here we provide details about the findings and consequences for the animals. While none of the items was responsible for the death of the animal, the findings demonstrate the high level of exposure to marine debris and associated risks for large predators, such as the sperm whale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Unger
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation. Werftstr. 6, 25761 Büsum, Germany
| | | | - Rob Deaville
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, PO Box 80158, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke L IJsseldijk
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, PO Box 80158, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mardik F Leopold
- IMARES Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 57, 1780 AB Den Helder, The Netherlands
| | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation. Werftstr. 6, 25761 Büsum, Germany
| | - Jérôme Spitz
- Observatoire PELAGIS, UMS 3462, University of La Rochelle/CNRS, 5 allées de l'océan, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Peter Wohlsein
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation. Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Helena Herr
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation. Werftstr. 6, 25761 Büsum, Germany.
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Saey V, Vandecasteele T, van Loon G, Cornillie P, Ploeg M, Delesalle C, Gröne A, Gielen I, Ducatelle R, Chiers K. Friesian horses as a possible model for human acquired aortopulmonary fistulation. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9:405. [PMID: 27527829 PMCID: PMC4986238 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-016-2201-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Acquired aortopulmonary fistulation is a rare condition in humans. It usually results as a late complication of a true or pseudoaneurysm of the thoracic aorta. It is most commonly associated with trauma or surgery, less commonly with atherosclerosis, inflammation, hypertension or Marfan’s syndrome. Aortopulmonary fistulation is also seen as a rare complication of acute aortic dissection. On rare occasions, acquired aortopulmonary fistulation is reported in aged patients without any of the above mentioned triggering factors. Thus, these cases should be considered as idiopathic aortopulmonary fistulation. Clearly, the pathogenesis of this condition is not yet completely understood. Friesian horses are highly inbred and are affected by several genetic conditions. Rupture of the thoracic aorta has a relatively high prevalence in Friesian horses and is often characterized by the formation of a pseudoaneurysm with subsequent fistulation into the pulmonary artery. Affected animals may survive for several weeks to months. Findings Here we performed vascular casting in three affected Friesian horses. In all three cases, an aortic rupture at the caudoventral side of the aorta was connected with a rupture of the main pulmonary artery just proximal to its bifurcation. Conclusions Affected Friesians show a consistent location and configuration of the aortic rupture site, very similar to the human condition and therefore could act as a spontaneous model to study this disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13104-016-2201-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Saey
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - T Vandecasteele
- Department of Morphology, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - G van Loon
- Department of Large Animal Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - P Cornillie
- Department of Morphology, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - M Ploeg
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C Delesalle
- Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - A Gröne
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - I Gielen
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - R Ducatelle
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - K Chiers
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Abstract
Alveolar echinococcosis was diagnosed in 12 cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis) at postmortem examination within a period of 6 years. Besides consistent involvement of the liver, parasitic lesions were also present in mesenteric lymph nodes, pancreas, lung, and kidney. In the liver, various patterns of host's responses to parasitic tissue could be distinguished. Infiltration of macrophages, often multinucleated, around usually intact metacestodes was the main feature of one pattern. A second pattern was characterized by the presence of abundant, normally degenerate granulocytes in addition to macrophages surrounding collapsed laminated structures. Finally and as a third pattern, some cysts were surrounded by marked collagen deposition, which was usually not a significant feature of the other foci. Parasitic cysts with protoscolices were observed in foci with the first and third pattern but not in the second one. The simultaneous occurrence of all three patterns was observed in most animals. Type AA amyloid was identified either in the space of Dissé, macro-phages or blood vessel walls in nine animals using immunohistochemistry. Identity of parasitic structures such as metacestodes of Echinococcus multilocularis was confirmed immunohistochemically. All animals that could be tested serologically (7/12) had detectable antibodies against the E. multilocularis-specific Em2 antigen. Liver lesions of six animals were additionally analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, yielding the amplification of a specific E. multilocularis DNA fragment in each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Bacciarini
- Institut für Tierpathologie, Abteilung für Fisch- und Wildtiermedizin, Universität Bern, Switzerland.
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Rehmann P, Gröne A, Gottstein B, Völlm J, Sager H, Janovsky M, Bacciarini LN. Detection of Echinococcus Multilocularis Infection in a Colony of Cynomolgus Monkeys (Macaca Fascicularis) using Serology and Ultrasonography. J Vet Diagn Invest 2016; 17:183-6. [PMID: 15825502 DOI: 10.1177/104063870501700215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Five animals in a colony of cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis) died or were euthanatized because of alveolar echinococcosis, during a period of 5 years. The remainder of the colony was screened for possible infection with Echinococcus multilocularis, using serology and ultrasonography. A total of 46 animals out of a group of 55 were examined. The presence of anti-Em2 antibodies analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was demonstrated in 3 monkeys. In 2 of these 3 monkeys, multilocular structures compatible with metacestodal cysts in the liver were identified, using ultrasonography. The presence of alveolar echinococcosis was subsequently confirmed at postmortem examination in 1 animal. The other animals are still alive. Two other monkeys were negative in the serological examination but had cystic structures in the liver, which were identified as bile duct cysts at postmortem examination in 1 animal. The other monkey is still alive. These findings suggest that serology for antibodies against the Em2 antigen may represent a useful method in identifying animals that might be infected with E. multilocularis and are therefore at risk of developing fatal alveolar echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Rehmann
- Zentrum für Fisch und Wildtiermedizin, the Institut für Tierpathologie, Universität Bern, Berne, Switzerland
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Rijks JM, Saucedo B, Spitzen-van der Sluijs A, Wilkie GS, van Asten AJAM, van den Broek J, Boonyarittichaikij R, Stege M, van der Sterren F, Martel A, Pasmans F, Hughes J, Gröne A, van Beurden SJ, Kik MJL. Investigation of Amphibian Mortality Events in Wildlife Reveals an On-Going Ranavirus Epidemic in the North of the Netherlands. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157473. [PMID: 27315226 PMCID: PMC4912076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the four years following the first detection of ranavirus (genus Ranavirus, family Iridoviridae) infection in Dutch wildlife in 2010, amphibian mortality events were investigated nationwide to detect, characterize and map ranaviruses in amphibians over time, and to establish the affected host species and the clinico-pathological presentation of the disease in these hosts. The ultimate goal was to obtain more insight into ranavirus disease emergence and ecological risk. In total 155 dead amphibians from 52 sites were submitted between 2011 and 2014, and examined using histopathology, immunohistochemistry, virus isolation and molecular genetic characterization. Ranavirus-associated amphibian mortality events occurred at 18 sites (35%), initially only in proximity of the 2010 index site. Specimens belonging to approximately half of the native amphibian species were infected, including the threatened Pelobates fuscus (spadefoot toad). Clustered massive outbreaks involving dead adult specimens and ranavirus genomic identity indicated that one common midwife toad virus (CMTV)-like ranavirus strain is emerging in provinces in the north of the Netherlands. Modelling based on the spatiotemporal pattern of spread showed a high probability that this emerging virus will continue to be detected at new sites (the discrete reproductive power of this outbreak is 0.35). Phylogenetically distinct CMTV-like ranaviruses were found in the south of the Netherlands more recently. In addition to showing that CMTV-like ranaviruses threaten wild amphibian populations not only in Spain but also in the Netherlands, the current spread and risk of establishment reiterate that understanding the underlying causes of CMTV-like ranavirus emergence requires international attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolianne M. Rijks
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Bernardo Saucedo
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gavin S. Wilkie
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Alphons J. A. M. van Asten
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van den Broek
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marisca Stege
- Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - An Martel
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Frank Pasmans
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Joseph Hughes
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Gröne
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marja J. L. Kik
- Dutch Wildlife Health Centre, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathobiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Saey V, Ploeg M, Delesalle C, van Loon G, Gröne A, Ducatelle R, Duchateau L, Chiers K. Morphometric Properties of the Thoracic Aorta of Warmblood and Friesian Horses with and without Aortic Rupture. J Comp Pathol 2016; 154:225-30. [PMID: 26987511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rupture of the aorta is much more common in Friesians compared with other breeds of horse. Rupture always occurs adjacent to the scar of the ligamentum arteriosum. Previous histological examination of ruptured aortic walls suggested the presence of an underlying connective tissue disorder. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the structural characteristics of the tunica media of the mid-thoracic aorta, distant to the lesion, in warmblood and Friesian horses with and without thoracic aortic rupture. In unaffected Friesian horses, the thickness of the tunica media, as well as the percentage area comprised of collagen type I, were significantly higher compared with the warmblood horses, supporting the hypothesis of a primary collagen disorder in the Friesian horse breed. However, in the tunica media of the affected Friesian horses there was no significant wall thickening. Moreover, the percentage area comprised of elastin was significantly lower, while the percentage area comprised of smooth muscle was higher, compared with unaffected Friesian and warmblood horses. These lesions are suggestive of an additional mild elastin deficiency with compensatory smooth muscle cell hypertrophy in affected Friesians.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Saey
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - M Ploeg
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - C Delesalle
- Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Belgium
| | - G van Loon
- Department of Large Animal Internal Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - A Gröne
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - R Ducatelle
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - L Duchateau
- Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Belgium
| | - K Chiers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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