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Qian JF, Liang SQ, Wang QY, Xu JC, Luo W, Huang WJ, Wu GJ, Liang G. Isoproterenol induces MD2 activation by β-AR-cAMP-PKA-ROS signalling axis in cardiomyocytes and macrophages drives inflammatory heart failure. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:531-544. [PMID: 37919475 PMCID: PMC10834947 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01179-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac inflammation contributes to heart failure (HF) induced by isoproterenol (ISO) through activating β-adrenergic receptors (β-AR). Recent evidence shows that myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2), a key protein in endotoxin-induced inflammation, mediates inflammatory heart diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of MD2 in ISO-β-AR-induced heart injuries and HF. Mice were infused with ISO (30 mg·kg-1·d-1) via osmotic mini-pumps for 2 weeks. We showed that MD2 in cardiomyocytes and cardiac macrophages was significantly increased and activated in the heart tissues of ISO-challenged mice. Either MD2 knockout or administration of MD2 inhibitor L6H21 (10 mg/kg every 2 days, i.g.) could prevent mouse hearts from ISO-induced inflammation, remodelling and dysfunction. Bone marrow transplantation study revealed that both cardiomyocyte MD2 and bone marrow-derived macrophage MD2 contributed to ISO-induced cardiac inflammation and injuries. In ISO-treated H9c2 cardiomyocyte-like cells, neonatal rat primary cardiomyocytes and primary mouse peritoneal macrophages, MD2 knockout or pre-treatment with L6H21 (10 μM) alleviated ISO-induced inflammatory responses, and the conditioned medium from ISO-challenged macrophages promoted the hypertrophy and fibrosis in cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. We demonstrated that ISO induced MD2 activation in cardiomyocytes via β1-AR-cAMP-PKA-ROS signalling axis, and induced inflammatory responses in macrophages via β2-AR-cAMP-PKA-ROS axis. This study identifies MD2 as a key inflammatory mediator and a promising therapeutic target for ISO-induced heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fu Qian
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shi-Qi Liang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qin-Yan Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jia-Chen Xu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Wu Luo
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
- Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Wei-Jian Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Gao-Jun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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2
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Dasari TW, Chakraborty P, Mukli P, Akhtar K, Yabluchanskiy A, Cunningham MW, Csiszar A, Po SS. Noninvasive low-level tragus stimulation attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress in acute heart failure. Clin Auton Res 2023; 33:767-775. [PMID: 37943335 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-023-00997-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and excess sympathetic drive. It is unknown whether neuromodulation would improve inflammation and oxidative stress in acute heart failure. We, therefore, performed this proof-of-concept study to evaluate the effects of neuromodulation using noninvasive low-level tragus stimulation on inflammation and oxidative stress in ADHF. METHODS Nineteen patients with ejection fraction < 40% were randomized to neuromodulation 4 h twice daily (6-10 a.m. and 6-10 p.m.) (n = 8) or sham stimulation (n = 11) during hospital admission. All patients received standard-of-care treatment. Blood samples were collected at admission and discharge. Serum cytokines were assayed using standard immunosorbent techniques. Reactive oxygen species inducibility from cultured coronary endothelial cells exposed to patient sera was determined using a dihydrodichlorofluorescein probe test (expressed as fluorescein units). RESULTS Compared to sham stimulation, neuromodulation was associated with a significant reduction of circulating serum interleukin-6 levels (-78% vs. -9%; p = 0.012). Similarly, neuromodulation led to a reduction of endothelial cell oxidative stress in the neuromodulation group (1363 units to 978 units, p = 0.003) compared to sham stimulation (1146 units to 1083 units, p = 0.094). No significant differences in heart rate, blood pressure, or renal function were noted between the two groups. CONCLUSION In this proof-of-concept pilot study, in acute decompensated heart failure, neuromodulation was feasible and safe and was associated with a reduction in systemic inflammation and attenuation of coronary endothelial cellular oxidative stress. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02898181.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun W Dasari
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Rhythm Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 800 SL Young Blvd, COM 5400, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Praloy Chakraborty
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Rhythm Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 800 SL Young Blvd, COM 5400, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Peter Mukli
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma HSC, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Khawaja Akhtar
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Rhythm Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 800 SL Young Blvd, COM 5400, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | | | - Madeleine W Cunningham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma HSC, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma HSC, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sunny S Po
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Heart Rhythm Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 800 SL Young Blvd, COM 5400, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
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3
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Thoppil J, Mehta P, Bartels B, Sharma D, Farrar JD. Impact of norepinephrine on immunity and oxidative metabolism in sepsis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1271098. [PMID: 38022663 PMCID: PMC10662053 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1271098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a major health problem in the United States (US), constituting a leading contributor to mortality among critically ill patients. Despite advances in treatment the underlying pathophysiology of sepsis remains elusive. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a significant role in antimicrobial host defense and inflammation and its dysregulation leads to maladaptive responses because of excessive inflammation. There is growing evidence for crosstalk between the central nervous system and the immune system in response to infection. The hypothalamic-pituitary and adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system are the two major pathways that mediate this interaction. Epinephrine (Epi) and norepinephrine (NE), respectively are the effectors of these interactions. Upon stimulation, NE is released from sympathetic nerve terminals locally within lymphoid organs and activate adrenoreceptors expressed on immune cells. Similarly, epinephrine secreted from the adrenal gland which is released systemically also exerts influence on immune cells. However, understanding the specific impact of neuroimmunity is still in its infancy. In this review, we focus on the sympathetic nervous system, specifically the role the neurotransmitter norepinephrine has on immune cells. Norepinephrine has been shown to modulate immune cell responses leading to increased anti-inflammatory and blunting of pro-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that norepinephrine is involved in regulating oxidative metabolism in immune cells. This review attempts to summarize the known effects of norepinephrine on immune cell response and oxidative metabolism in response to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joby Thoppil
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Prayag Mehta
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Brett Bartels
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Drashya Sharma
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - J. David Farrar
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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4
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da Silva OA, Duarte GP, Lahlou S. Maternal Hyperglycemia Induces Autonomic Dysfunction and Heart Failure in Older Adult Offspring. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 131:615-623. [PMID: 37758043 DOI: 10.1055/a-2159-6468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Offspring exposed to an adverse fetal environment, such as gestational diabetes, may manifest increased susceptibility to several chronic diseases later in life. In the present study, the cardiovascular function of three different ages of offspring from diabetic rats was evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS Diabetes mellitus was induced in pregnant rats by a single dose of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). The offspring from diabetic (OD) and control rats (OC) were evaluated at three different ages: 6, 12 or 18 months. In the corresponding OC groups, fasting glycemia, baseline mean arterial pressure, and sympathetic tonus increased in the OD rats at 12 (OD12) and 18 (OD18) months of age, while cardiac hypertrophy was observed in all OD groups. Cardiac function evaluation in vivo showed low left ventricular systolic pressure and+dP/dt in the OD18 rats, suggesting a systolic dysfunction. OD12 and OD18 groups showed high left ventricle end-diastolic pressure, suggesting a diastolic dysfunction. OD groups showed an age-related impairment of both baroreflex-mediated tachycardia and baroreflex-mediated bradycardia in OD12 and OD18 rats. In isolated hearts from OD18 rats, both inotropic and tachycardiac responses to increasing isoproterenol were significantly reduced compared to the corresponding OC group. CONCLUSION These results suggest that gestational diabetes triggers the onset of hyperglycemia hypertension with impaired baroreflex sensitivity and heart failure in older age of offspring, representing important risk factors for death. Therefore, ensuring optimal glycemic control in diabetic pregnancy is important and serves as a key to preventing cardiovascular disease in the offspring in their older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odair Alves da Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Glória Pinto Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Saad Lahlou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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5
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Dasari T, Chakraborty P, Mukli P, Akhtar K, Yabluchanskiy A, Cunningham MW, Csiszar A, Po SS. Noninvasive low-level tragus stimulation attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress in acute heart failure. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3323086. [PMID: 37790298 PMCID: PMC10543293 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3323086/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Acute decompensated heart failure is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and excess sympathetic drive. It is unknown if neuromodulation would improve inflammation and oxidative stress in acute heart failure. We, therefore, performed this proof-of-concept study to evaluate the effects of neuromodulation using noninvasive low-level Tragus stimulation on inflammation and oxidative stress in ADHF. Methods 19 patients with ejection fraction < 40% were randomized to neuromodulation- 4 hours twice daily (6 AM-10 AM and 6 PM-10 PM) (n = 8) or sham stimulation (n = 11) during hospital admission. All patients received standard-of-care treatment. Blood samples were collected at admission and discharge. Serum cytokines were assayed using standard immunosorbent techniques. Reactive oxygen species inducibility from cultured coronary endothelial cells exposed to patient sera was determined using dihydrodichlorofluorescein probe test (expressed as fluorescein units). Results Compared to sham stimulation, neuromodulation was associated with a significant reduction of circulating serum Interleukin-6 levels (-78% vs -9%; p = 0.012). Similarly, neuromodulation led to reduction of endothelial cell oxidative stress, in the neuromodulation group (1363 units to 978 units, p = 0.003) compared to sham stimulation (1146 units to 1083 units, p = 0.094). No significant difference in heart rate, blood pressure or renal function were noted between the two groups. Conclusion In this proof-of-concept pilot study, in acute systolic heart failure, neuromodulation was feasible and safe and was associated with a reduction in systemic inflammation and attenuation of cellular oxidative stress. Clinical trial NCT02898181.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Dasari
- University of Oklahoma: The University of Oklahoma
| | | | - Peter Mukli
- University of Oklahoma: The University of Oklahoma
| | | | | | | | - Anna Csiszar
- University of Oklahoma: The University of Oklahoma
| | - Sunny S Po
- University of Oklahoma: The University of Oklahoma
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6
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Abedalqader NN, Rababa'h AM, Ababneh M. The protective effect of rivaroxaban with or without aspirin on inflammation, oxidative stress, and platelet reactivity in isoproterenol-induced cardiac injury in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:337-351. [PMID: 36334131 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery diseases are principal sources of mortality and disability in global human population. Progressively, rivaroxaban is being evaluated for the prevention of atherosclerotic thrombi, particularly with anti-platelet agents. Hence, the current report aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effect of rivaroxaban on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac injury model in rats and the possible synergistic effect when combined with aspirin. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five different groups. Cardiac injury was induced by subcutaneous injection of ISO (85 mg/kg) for 2 consecutive days. Rat tail bleeding time was performed prior to sacrifice. Cardiac enzymes, platelet activity, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Pre-administration of rivaroxaban alone and on combination with aspirin prevented ISO-induced increase in cardiac thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) levels. Moreover, a significant prolongation of bleeding time was demonstrated among aspirin, rivaroxaban, and aspirin plus rivaroxaban treated groups. On the other hand, the combination treatment of aspirin plus rivaroxaban showed no marked difference in these biomarkers and bleeding time relative to either drug administered separately. However, a prominent decrease of cardiac 6-keto prostaglandin F1α (6-Keto-PGF1α) level was displayed in the combination treatment when compared with ISO and rivaroxaban-treated groups, whereas no significant improvement was seen in cardiac glycoprotein V (GPV) levels except in aspirin-treated group. The study results demonstrated that rivaroxaban decreases cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, and platelets reactivity. However, the addition of rivaroxaban to aspirin did not seem to show synergistic antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, or antiplatelet effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour N Abedalqader
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Abeer M Rababa'h
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Mera Ababneh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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7
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Thai PN, Ren L, Xu W, Overton J, Timofeyev V, Nader CE, Haddad M, Yang J, Gomes AV, Hammock BD, Chiamvimonvat N, Sirish P. Chronic Diclofenac Exposure Increases Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Mediators, and Cardiac Dysfunction. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023; 37:25-37. [PMID: 34499283 PMCID: PMC8904649 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07253-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among one of the most commonly prescribed medications for pain and inflammation. Diclofenac (DIC) is a commonly prescribed NSAID that is known to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying its cardiotoxic effects remain largely unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that chronic exposure to DIC increases oxidative stress, which ultimately impairs cardiovascular function. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice were treated with DIC for 4 weeks and subsequently subjected to in vivo and in vitro functional assessments. Chronic DIC exposure resulted in not only systolic but also diastolic dysfunction. DIC treatment, however, did not alter blood pressure or electrocardiographic recordings. Importantly, treatment with DIC significantly increased inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as cardiac fibroblast activation and proliferation. There was increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cardiomyocytes from DIC-treated mice, which may contribute to the more depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced energy production, leading to a significant decrease in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ load, Ca2+ transients, and sarcomere shortening. Using unbiased metabolomic analyses, we demonstrated significant alterations in oxylipin profiles towards inflammatory features in chronic DIC treatment. CONCLUSIONS Together, chronic treatment with DIC resulted in severe cardiotoxicity, which was mediated, in part, by an increase in mitochondrial oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phung N Thai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Science Drive, CA, 95616, Davis, USA
| | - Lu Ren
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Science Drive, CA, 95616, Davis, USA
| | - Wilson Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Science Drive, CA, 95616, Davis, USA
| | - James Overton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Science Drive, CA, 95616, Davis, USA
| | - Valeriy Timofeyev
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Science Drive, CA, 95616, Davis, USA
| | - Carol E Nader
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Science Drive, CA, 95616, Davis, USA
| | - Michael Haddad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Science Drive, CA, 95616, Davis, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nipavan Chiamvimonvat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Science Drive, CA, 95616, Davis, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA, 95655, USA.
| | - Padmini Sirish
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Science Drive, CA, 95616, Davis, USA.
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA, 95655, USA.
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8
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Hegner P, Lebek S, Schaner B, Ofner F, Gugg M, Maier LS, Arzt M, Wagner S. CaMKII-Dependent Contractile Dysfunction and Pro-Arrhythmic Activity in a Mouse Model of Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020315. [PMID: 36829874 PMCID: PMC9952298 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular contractile dysfunction and arrhythmias frequently occur in patients with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). The CaMKII-dependent dysregulation of cellular Ca homeostasis has recently been described in SDB patients, but these studies only partly explain the mechanism and are limited by the patients' heterogeneity. Here, we analyzed contractile function and Ca homeostasis in a mouse model of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) that is not limited by confounding comorbidities. OSA was induced by artificial tongue enlargement with polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) injection into the tongue of wildtype mice and mice with a genetic ablation of the oxidative activation sites of CaMKII (MMVV knock-in). After eight weeks, cardiac function was assessed with echocardiography. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca transients were measured using confocal and epifluorescence microscopy, respectively. Wildtype PTFE mice exhibited an impaired ejection fraction, while MMVV PTFE mice were fully protected. As expected, isolated cardiomyocytes from PTFE mice showed increased ROS production. We further observed decreased levels of steady-state Ca transients, decreased levels of caffeine-induced Ca transients, and increased pro-arrhythmic activity (defined as deviations from the diastolic Ca baseline) only in wildtype but not in MMVV PTFE mice. In summary, in the absence of any comorbidities, OSA was associated with contractile dysfunction and pro-arrhythmic activity and the inhibition of the oxidative activation of CaMKII conveyed cardioprotection, which may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Hegner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Simon Lebek
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Benedikt Schaner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Florian Ofner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Gugg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lars Siegfried Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Arzt
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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9
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Jiang J, Ni L, Zhang X, Gokulnath P, Vulugundam G, Li G, Wang H, Xiao J. Moderate-Intensity Exercise Maintains Redox Homeostasis for Cardiovascular Health. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200204. [PMID: 36683183 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that exercise is beneficial for cardiovascular health. Oxidative stress is the common pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases. The overproduction of free radicals, both reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, can lead to redox imbalance and exacerbate oxidative damage to the cardiovascular system. Maintaining redox homeostasis and enhancing anti-oxidative capacity are critical mechanisms by which exercise protects against cardiovascular diseases. Moderate-intensity exercise is an effective means to maintain cardiovascular redox homeostasis. Moderate-intensity exercise reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease by improving mitochondrial function and anti-oxidative capacity. It also attenuates adverse cardiac remodeling and enhances cardiac function. This paper reviews the primary mechanisms of moderate-intensity exercise-mediated redox homeostasis in the cardiovascular system. Exploring the role of exercise-mediated redox homeostasis in the cardiovascular system is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizong Jiang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Lingyan Ni
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Priyanka Gokulnath
- Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | | | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hongyun Wang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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10
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Sallam M, Mysara M, Benotmane MA, Crijns APG, Spoor D, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce D, Baatout S, Guns PJ, Aerts A, Ramadan R. DNA Methylation Alterations in Fractionally Irradiated Rats and Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Radiotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:16214. [PMID: 36555856 PMCID: PMC9783664 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-Induced CardioVascular Disease (RICVD) is an important concern in thoracic radiotherapy with complex underlying pathophysiology. Recently, we proposed DNA methylation as a possible mechanism contributing to RICVD. The current study investigates DNA methylation in heart-irradiated rats and radiotherapy-treated breast cancer (BC) patients. Rats received fractionated whole heart X-irradiation (0, 0.92, 6.9 and 27.6 Gy total doses) and blood was collected after 1.5, 3, 7 and 12 months. Global and gene-specific methylation of the samples were evaluated; and gene expression of selected differentially methylated regions (DMRs) was validated in rat and BC patient blood. In rats receiving an absorbed dose of 27.6 Gy, DNA methylation alterations were detected up to 7 months with differential expression of cardiac-relevant DMRs. Of those, SLMAP showed increased expression at 1.5 months, which correlated with hypomethylation. Furthermore, E2F6 inversely correlated with a decreased global longitudinal strain. In BC patients, E2F6 and SLMAP exhibited differential expression directly and 6 months after radiotherapy, respectively. This study describes a systemic radiation fingerprint at the DNA methylation level, elucidating a possible association of DNA methylation to RICVD pathophysiology, to be validated in future mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magy Sallam
- Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Anne P. G. Crijns
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daan Spoor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter-Jan Guns
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - An Aerts
- Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Raghda Ramadan
- Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium
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11
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Thapa J, Yoshiiri G, Ito K, Okubo T, Nakamura S, Furuta Y, Higashi H, Yamaguchi H. Chlamydia trachomatis Requires Functional Host-Cell Mitochondria and NADPH Oxidase 4/p38MAPK Signaling for Growth in Normoxia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:902492. [PMID: 35719337 PMCID: PMC9199516 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.902492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) is an intracellular energy-parasitic bacterium that requires ATP derived from infected cells for its growth. Meanwhile, depending on the O2 concentration, the host cells change their mode of ATP production between oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria (Mt) and glycolysis; this change depends on signaling via reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidases (NOXs) as well as Mt. It has been proposed that Ct correspondingly switches its source of acquisition of ATP between host-cell Mt and glycolysis, but this has not been verified experimentally. In the present study, we assessed the roles of host-cell NOXs and Mt in the intracellular growth of CtL2 (L2 434/Bu) under normoxia (21% O2) and hypoxia (2% O2) by using several inhibitors of NOXs (or the downstream molecule) and Mt-dysfunctional (Mtd) HEp-2 cells. Under normoxia, diphenyleneiodonium, an inhibitor of ROS diffusion, abolished the growth of CtL2 and other Chlamydiae (CtD and C. pneumoniae). Both ML171 (a pan-NOX inhibitor) and GLX351322 (a NOX4-specific inhibitor) impaired the growth of CtL2 under normoxia, but not hypoxia. NOX4-knockdown cells diminished the bacterial growth. SB203580, an inhibitor of the NOX4-downstream molecule p38MAPK, also inhibited the growth of CtL2 under normoxia but not hypoxia. Furthermore, CtL2 failed to grow in Mtd cells under normoxia, but no effect was observed under hypoxia. We conclude that under normoxia, Ct requires functional Mt in its host cells as an ATP source, and that this process requires NOX4/p38MAPK signaling in the host cells. In contrast to hypoxia, crosstalk between NOX4 and Mt via p38MAPK may be crucial for the growth of Ct under normoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeewan Thapa
- Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Gen Yoshiiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koki Ito
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Torahiko Okubo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakamura
- Laboratory of Morphology and Image Analysis, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Furuta
- Division of Infection and Immunity, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Higashi
- Division of Infection and Immunity, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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12
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Renz-Polster H, Tremblay ME, Bienzle D, Fischer JE. The Pathobiology of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: The Case for Neuroglial Failure. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:888232. [PMID: 35614970 PMCID: PMC9124899 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.888232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) has a specific and distinctive profile of clinical features, the disease remains an enigma because causal explanation of the pathobiological matrix is lacking. Several potential disease mechanisms have been identified, including immune abnormalities, inflammatory activation, mitochondrial alterations, endothelial and muscular disturbances, cardiovascular anomalies, and dysfunction of the peripheral and central nervous systems. Yet, it remains unclear whether and how these pathways may be related and orchestrated. Here we explore the hypothesis that a common denominator of the pathobiological processes in ME/CFS may be central nervous system dysfunction due to impaired or pathologically reactive neuroglia (astrocytes, microglia and oligodendrocytes). We will test this hypothesis by reviewing, in reference to the current literature, the two most salient and widely accepted features of ME/CFS, and by investigating how these might be linked to dysfunctional neuroglia. From this review we conclude that the multifaceted pathobiology of ME/CFS may be attributable in a unifying manner to neuroglial dysfunction. Because the two key features - post exertional malaise and decreased cerebral blood flow - are also recognized in a subset of patients with post-acute sequelae COVID, we suggest that our findings may also be pertinent to this entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Renz-Polster
- Division of General Medicine, Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Württemberg (CPD-BW), University Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marie-Eve Tremblay
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dorothee Bienzle
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Joachim E. Fischer
- Division of General Medicine, Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health Baden-Württemberg (CPD-BW), University Medicine Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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13
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Salagre D, Chayah M, Molina-Carballo A, Oliveras-López MJ, Munoz-Hoyos A, Navarro-Alarcón M, Fernández-Vázquez G, Agil A. Melatonin induces fat browning by transdifferentiation of white adipocytes and de novo differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Food Funct 2022; 13:3760-3775. [PMID: 35274657 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04360a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of melatonin in obesity control is extensively accepted, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. Previously we demonstrated that chronic oral melatonin acts as a brown-fat inducer, driving subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) into a brown-fat-like function (beige) in obese diabetic rats. However, immunofluorescence characterization of beige depots in sWAT and whether melatonin is a beige-fat inducer by de novo differentiation and/or transdifferentiation of white adipocytes are still undefined. Lean (ZL) and diabetic fatty (ZDF) Zücker rats were subdivided into two groups, control (C) and oral melatonin-supplemented (M, 10 mg kg-1 day-1) for 6 weeks. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from both rat inguinal fat and human lipoaspirates followed by adipogenesis assays with or without melatonin (50 nM for 12 h in a 24 h period, 12 h+/12 h-) mimicking the light/dark cycle. Immunofluorescence and western-blot assays showed the partial transdifferentiation of white adipocytes in both ZL and ZDF rats, with increasing thermogenic and beige markers, UCP1 and CITED1 and decreasing white adipocyte marker ASC-1 expression. In addition, melatonin increased UCP1, CITED1, and PGC1-α expression in differentiated adipocytes in both rats and humans. These results demonstrate that melatonin increases brown fat in obese diabetic rats by both adipocyte transdifferentiation and de novo differentiation. Furthermore, it promotes beige MSC adipogenesis in humans. This may contribute to the control of body weight attributed to melatonin and its metabolic benefits in human diabesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Salagre
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine & Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Meriem Chayah
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine & Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Antonio Molina-Carballo
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada (Spain). Unit of Pediatric Neurology and Neurodevelopment, Clínico San Cecilio University Hospital, the Andalusian Health Service, Granada, Spain.
| | - María-Jesús Oliveras-López
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, University Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Munoz-Hoyos
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada (Spain). Unit of Pediatric Neurology and Neurodevelopment, Clínico San Cecilio University Hospital, the Andalusian Health Service, Granada, Spain.
| | - Miguel Navarro-Alarcón
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Ahmad Agil
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurosciences Institute, School of Medicine & Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
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14
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Modulation of Inflammatory Signaling Molecules in Bordetella pertussis Antigen-Challenged Human Monocytes in Presence of Adrenergic Agonists. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10020321. [PMID: 35214778 PMCID: PMC8879854 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BscF is a type III secretion system (T3SS) needle protein from Bordetella pertussis and has previously been shown to induce a sufficient Th1 and Th17 response in human monocytes and mice as a prerequisite for long-lasting protective immunity against pertussis infection. In our current study, we aim to compare the modulation of inflammatory signaling molecules as a direct measure of the immune response to the B. pertussis antigens BscF and Tdap in the presence or absence of the adrenergic receptor agonists phenylephrine (PE) or isoproterenol (ISO) to observe differences that may contribute to the diminished protective immunity of the current acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine, Tdap. Stimulation of human monocyte THP-1 cells with LPS, BscF, and Tdap induced a robust elevation of CCL20, CXCL10, PGE2, and PGF2α among most chemokine and prostanoid members when compared with the control treatment. Treatment with the adrenergic agonist PE or ISO significantly enhanced the BscF- and Tdap-stimulated modulation of CCL20 and CXCL10 but not PGE2 and PGF2α, suggesting that adrenergic modulation of pertussis antigen responses might be a new therapeutic strategy to improve the longevity of pertussis immunity. Stimulation of THP-1 cells with BscF alone initiated significant expression of CXCL10 and PGF2α but not when Tdap was used, suggesting that BscF might be an important pertussis antigen for next-generation pertussis vaccines or when combined with the current aP vaccine. Our data offer opportunities for designing new therapeutic approaches against pertussis infection.
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15
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Integrative Identification of Genetic Loci Jointly Influencing Diabetes-Related Traits and Sleep Traits of Insomnia, Sleep Duration, and Chronotypes. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020368. [PMID: 35203577 PMCID: PMC8962243 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests a relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and sleep problems. A comprehensive study is needed to decipher whether shared polygenic risk variants exist between diabetic traits and sleep traits. Methods: We integrated summary statistics from different genome-wide association studies and investigated overlap in single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with diabetes-related traits (type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and glycated hemoglobin) and sleep traits (insomnia symptoms, sleep duration, and chronotype) using a conditional/conjunctional false discovery rate approach. Pleiotropic genes were further evaluated for differential expression analysis, and we assessed their expression pattern effects on type 2 diabetes by Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Results: We observed extensive polygenic pleiotropy between diabetic traits and sleep traits. Fifty-eight independent genetic loci jointly influenced the risk of type 2 diabetes and the sleep traits of insomnia, sleep duration, and chronotype. The strongest shared locus between type 2 diabetes and sleep straits was FTO (lead SNP rs8047587). Type 2 diabetes (z score, 16.19; P = 6.29 × 10−59) and two sleep traits, sleep duration (z score, −6.66; P = 2.66 × 10−11) and chronotype (z score, 7.42; P = 1.19 × 10−13), were shared. Two of the pleiotropic genes, ENSA and PMPCA, were validated to be differentially expressed in type 2 diabetes, and PMPCA showed a slight protective effect on type 2 diabetes in MR analysis. Conclusions: Our study provided evidence for the polygenic overlap between diabetic traits and sleep traits, of which the expression of PMPCA may play a crucial role and provide support of the hazardous effect of being an “evening” person on diabetes risk.
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16
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Blueberry extract attenuates norepinephrine-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in H9c2 cardiac cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:663-672. [PMID: 34988854 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04313-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced sympathetic system activation mediated by norepinephrine (NE) contributes to adverse cardiac remodeling leading to oxidative stress and cell death, progressing to heart failure. Natural antioxidants may help maintain redox balance, attenuating NE-mediated cardiac cell damage. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of a blueberry extract (BBE) on H9c2 cardiac cells exposed to NE on cell death, oxidative stress status and its major signaling pathways. H9c2 cells were pre-incubated with 50 μg/ml of BBE for 4 h and maintained in the presence of 100 μM NE for 24 h. NE exposure resulted in increased caspase 3/7 activity. This was associated with reduced protein expression of antioxidants catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and increase in 4-hydroxynonenal adduct formation. NE led to increased activity of Protein kinase B (Akt), Forkhead box O3a and AMP-activated protein kinase alpha and decreased activity of Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. BBE prevented caspases activation and abrogated NE-induced increase in oxidative stress, as well as attenuated the increase in Akt. Based on these findings, it is concluded that BBE promoted cardioprotection of H9c2 cells in an in vitro model of NE-induced oxidative damage, suggesting a cardioprotective role for BBE in response to NE exposure.
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17
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Du F, Huang H, Cao Y, Ran Y, Wu Q, Chen B. Notoginsenoside R1 Protects Against High Glucose-Induced Cell Injury Through AMPK/Nrf2 and Downstream HO-1 Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:791643. [PMID: 34926469 PMCID: PMC8672164 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.791643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), the primary bioactive compound found in Panax notoginseng, is believed to have antihypertrophic and antiapoptotic properties, and has long been used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. However, its potential role in prevention of diabetic cardiomyopathy remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of NGR1 action in high glucose-induced cell injury. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were cultured in a high-glucose medium as an in-vitro model, and apoptotic cells were visualized using TUNEL staining. Expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was measured using Western blotting or reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The Nrf2 small interfering (si) RNA was transfected into cardiomyocytes using Opti-MEM containing Lipofectamine® RNAiMAX. NGR1 protected H9c2 cardiomyocytes from cell death, apoptosis and hypertrophy induced by high glucose concentration. Expression of auricular natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide was remarkably reduced in NGR1-treated H9C2 cells. Western blot analysis showed that high glucose concentration markedly inhibited AMPK, Nrf2 and HO-1, and this could be reversed by NGR1 treatment. However, the cardioprotective effect of NGR1 was attenuated by compound C, which reverses Nrf2 and HO-1 expression levels, suggesting that AMPK upregulates Nrf2 and HO-1 gene expression, protein synthesis and secretion. Transfection of H9C2 cells with Nrf2 siRNA markedly reduced the cardioprotective effect of NGR1 via reduced expression of HO-1. These results indicated that NGR1 attenuated high glucose-induced cell injury via AMPK/Nrf2 signaling and its downstream target, the HO-1 pathway. We conclude that the cardioprotective effects of NGR1 result from upregulation of AMPK/Nrf2 signaling and HO-1 expression in cardiomyocytes. Our findings suggest that NGR1 treatment might provide a novel therapy for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawang Du
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Huiling Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yalin Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Ran
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Baolin Chen
- Nanmingtang Clinic, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
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18
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Skagen C, Nyman TA, Peng XR, O'Mahony G, Kase ET, Rustan AC, Thoresen GH. Chronic treatment with terbutaline increases glucose and oleic acid oxidation and protein synthesis in cultured human myotubes. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 2:100039. [PMID: 34909668 PMCID: PMC8663959 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2021.100039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In vivo studies have reported several beneficial metabolic effects of β-adrenergic receptor agonist administration in skeletal muscle, including increased glucose uptake, fatty acid metabolism, lipolysis and mitochondrial biogenesis. Although these effects have been widely studied in vivo, the in vitro data are limited to mouse and rat cell lines. Therefore, we sought to discover the effects of the β2-adrenergic receptor agonist terbutaline on metabolism and protein synthesis in human primary skeletal muscle cells. Methods Human cultured myotubes were exposed to terbutaline in various concentrations (0.01–30 μM) for 4 or 96 h. Thereafter uptake of [14C]deoxy-D-glucose, oxydation of [14C]glucose and [14C]oleic acid were measured. Incorporation of [14C]leucine, gene expression by qPCR and proteomics analyses by mass spectrometry by the STAGE-TIP method were performed after 96 h exposure to 1 and 10 μM of terbutaline. Results The results showed that 4 h treatment with terbutaline in concentrations up to 1 μM increased glucose uptake in human myotubes, but also decreased both glucose and oleic acid oxidation along with oleic acid uptake in concentrations of 10–30 μM. Moreover, administration of terbutaline for 96 h increased glucose uptake (in terbutaline concentrations up to 1 μM) and oxidation (1 μM), as well as oleic acid oxidation (0.1–30 μM), leucine incorporation into cellular protein (1–10 μM) and upregulated several pathways related to mitochondrial metabolism (1 μM). Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD024063. Conclusion These results suggest that β2-adrenergic receptor have direct effects in human skeletal muscle affecting fuel metabolism and net protein synthesis, effects that might be favourable for both type 2 diabetes and muscle wasting disorders. The metabolic effects of terbutaline were studied in human primary myotubes. Acute treatment with terbutaline increased glucose uptake. Chronic treatment with terbutaline increased glucose and oleic acid oxidation. Chronic treatment with terbutaline increased protein synthesis. Proteomics analysis revealed an increase in mitochondrial proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Skagen
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Tuula A Nyman
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Xiao-Rong Peng
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gavin O'Mahony
- Medicinal Chemsitry, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eili Tranheim Kase
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Arild Chr Rustan
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - G Hege Thoresen
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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Agwunobi DO, Zhang M, Zhang X, Wang T, Yu Z, Liu J. Transcriptome profile of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) exposed to Cymbopogon citratus essential oil and citronellal suggest a cytotoxic mode of action involving mitochondrial Ca 2+ overload and depolarization. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 179:104971. [PMID: 34802521 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Haemaphysalis longicornis is an ixodid tick species of medical and veterinary importance. Investigation into the acaricidal activities of botanicals have increased recently but information about their molecular mechanism of action is scarce. Here, RNA-seq analysis of the ticks exposed to Cymbopogon citratus essential oil and citronellal was performed and the responsive genes were identified. More than 6.39 G clean reads with Q20 ≥ 94.88% were obtained for each H. longicornis sample, with an average GC content of 50.94%. Using the Trinity method, 166,710 unigenes with a mean length of 869 bp and a maximum contig length of 29,156 bp were obtained. The upregulation of genes was concentration-dependent in most of the treated groups. Many genes responsive to C. citratus oil and citronellal were stress-related and they include genes associated with adrenergic signaling/calcium channels, cGMP-PKG signaling, apoptosis, focal adhesion, ECM-receptor interaction, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, mTOR signaling pathway, and longevity regulating pathway. The upregulation of genes (CACNAID, ADCY9, TPM1, and MYH6) associated with calcium channels suggests a neurotoxic mode of action, whereas, the upregulation of apoptosis-associated genes (CYC, DRONC, CASP7, CASP9, BCL2L1, bcl-xL, etc.) suggests a cytotoxic mode of action. The metabolism of C. citratus essential oil generates oxidative stress which increases the intra-mitochondrial free Ca2+ and triggers the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that culminates to mitochondrial depolarization, ATP depletion, and either necrotic or apoptotic death. The neurotoxic and cytotoxic effects exhibited by the monoterpenes in H. longicornis is vital and could be exploited for the advancement of acaricide development and eco-friendly tick control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond O Agwunobi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Tongxuan Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
| | - Jingze Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
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Sadredini M, Manotheepan R, Lehnart SE, Anderson ME, Sjaastad I, Stokke MK. The oxidation-resistant CaMKII-MM281/282VV mutation does not prevent arrhythmias in CPVT1. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15030. [PMID: 34558218 PMCID: PMC8461029 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia type 1 (CPVT1) is an inherited arrhythmogenic disorder caused by missense mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptors (RyR2), that result in increased β-adrenoceptor stimulation-induced diastolic Ca2+ leak. We have previously shown that exercise training prevents arrhythmias in CPVT1, potentially by reducing the oxidation of Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMKII). Therefore, we tested whether an oxidation-resistant form of CaMKII protects mice carrying the CPVT1-causative mutation RyR2-R2474S (RyR2-RS) against arrhythmias. Antioxidant treatment (N-acetyl-L-cysteine) reduced the frequency of β-adrenoceptor stimulation-induced arrhythmogenic Ca2+ waves in isolated cardiomyocytes from RyR2-RS mice. To test whether the prevention of CaMKII oxidation exerts an antiarrhythmic effect, mice expressing the oxidation-resistant CaMKII-MM281/282VV variant (MMVV) were crossed with RyR2-RS mice to create a double transgenic model (RyR2-RS/MMVV). Wild-type mice served as controls. Telemetric ECG surveillance revealed an increased incidence of ventricular tachycardia and an increased arrhythmia score in both RyR2-RS and RyR2-RS/MMVV compared to wild-type mice, both following a β-adrenoceptor challenge (isoprenaline i.p.), and following treadmill exercise combined with a β-adrenoceptor challenge. There were no differences in the incidence of arrhythmias between RyR2-RS and RyR2-RS/MMVV mice. Furthermore, no differences were observed in β-adrenoceptor stimulation-induced Ca2+ waves in RyR2-RS/MMVV compared to RyR2-RS. In conclusion, antioxidant treatment reduces β-adrenoceptor stimulation-induced Ca2+ waves in RyR2-RS cardiomyocytes. However, oxidation-resistant CaMKII-MM281/282VV does not protect RyR2-RS mice from β-adrenoceptor stimulation-induced Ca2+ waves or arrhythmias. Hence, alternative oxidation-sensitive targets need to be considered to explain the beneficial effect of antioxidant treatment on Ca2+ waves in cardiomyocytes from RyR2-RS mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Sadredini
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research CentreOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Ravinea Manotheepan
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research CentreOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Stephan E. Lehnart
- Heart Research Center GöttingenDepartment of Cardiology and PulmonologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGeorg August University GöttingenGöttingenGermany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells” (MBExC)University of GöttingenGöttingenGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)GöttingenGermany
| | - Mark E. Anderson
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineThe Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreUSA
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research CentreOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Mathis K. Stokke
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research and KG Jebsen Cardiac Research CentreOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
- Department of CardiologyOslo University HospitalRikshospitaletOsloNorway
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21
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Chang SH, Jang J, Oh S, Yoon JH, Jo DG, Yun UJ, Park KW. Nrf2 induces Ucp1 expression in adipocytes in response to β3-AR stimulation and enhances oxygen consumption in high-fat diet-fed obese mice. BMB Rep 2021. [PMID: 33691909 PMCID: PMC8411042 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2021.54.8.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Coldinduced norepinephrine activates β3-adrenergic receptors (β3-AR) to stimulate the kinase cascade and cAMP-response element-binding protein, leading to the induction of thermogenic gene expression including uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1). Here, we showed that stimulation of the β3-AR by its agonists isoproterenol and CL316,243 in adipocytes increased the expression of Ucp1 and Heme Oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), the principal Nrf2 target gene, suggesting the functional interaction of Nrf2 with β3-AR signaling. The activation of Nrf2 by tert-butylhydroquinone and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by glucose oxidase induced both Ucp1 and Hmox1 expression. The increased expression of Ucp1 and Hmox1 was significantly reduced in the presence of a Nrf2 chemical inhibitor or in Nrf2-deleted (knockout) adipocytes. Furthermore, Nrf2 directly activated the Ucp1 promoter, and this required DNA regions located at −3.7 and −2.0 kb of the transcription start site. The CL316,243-induced Ucp1 expression in adipocytes and oxygen consumption in obese mice were partly compromised in the absence of Nrf2 expression. These data provide additional insight into the role of Nrf2 in β3-AR-mediated Ucp1 expression and energy expenditure, further highlighting the utility of Nrf2-mediated thermogenic stimulation as a therapeutic approach to diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Hyuk Chang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Jaeyool Jang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Seungjun Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Jung-Hoon Yoon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Ui Jeong Yun
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Suwon 16419, Korea
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22
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Ali DC, Naveed M, Gordon A, Majeed F, Saeed M, Ogbuke MI, Atif M, Zubair HM, Changxing L. β-Adrenergic receptor, an essential target in cardiovascular diseases. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 25:343-354. [PMID: 31407140 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-019-09825-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
β-Adrenergic receptors (βARs) belong to a large family of cell surface receptors known as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). They are coupled to Gs protein (Gαs) for the activation of adenylyl cyclase (AC) yielding cyclic AMP (CAMP), and this provides valuable responses, which can affect the cardiac function such as injury. The binding of an agonist to βAR enhances conformation changes that lead to the Gαs subtype of heterotrimeric G protein which is the AC stimulatory G protein for activation of CAMP in the cells. However, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been reported as having an increased rate of death and β1AR, and β2AR are a promising tool that improves the regulatory function in the cardiovascular system (CVS) via signaling. It increases the Gα level, which activates βAR kinase (βARK) that affects and enhances the progression of heart failure (HF) through the activation of cardiomyocyte βARs. We also explained that an increase in GPCR kinases (GRKs) would practically improve the HF pathogenesis and this occurs via the desensitization of βARs, which causes the loss of contractile reserve. The consistency or overstimulation of catecholamines contributes to CVD such as stroke, HF, and cardiac hypertrophy. When there is a decrease in catecholamine responsiveness, it causes aging in old people because the reduction of βAR sensitivity and density in the myocardium enhances downregulation of βARs to AC in the human heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chikere Ali
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Life Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Andrew Gordon
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fatima Majeed
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, The Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 6300, Punjab Province, Pakistan
| | - Michael I Ogbuke
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Atif
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Punjab Province, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Changxing
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Rahman SO, Kaundal M, Salman M, Shrivastava A, Parvez S, Panda BP, Akhter M, Akhtar M, Najmi AK. Alogliptin reversed hippocampal insulin resistance in an amyloid-beta fibrils induced animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 889:173522. [PMID: 32866503 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The complications of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have made the development of its treatment a challenging task. Several studies have indicated the disruption of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) signaling during the development and progression of AD. The role of a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor on hippocampal IRS-1 signaling has not been investigated before. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of alogliptin (DPP-4 inhibitor) on hippocampal insulin resistance and associated AD complications. In the present study, amyloid-β (1-42) fibrils were produced and administered intrahippocampally for inducing AD in Wistar rats. After 7 days of surgery, rats were treated with 10 and 20 mg/kg of alogliptin for 28 days. Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed in the last week of our experimental study. Post 24 h of final treatment, rats were euthanized and hippocampi were separated for biochemical and histopathological investigations. In-silico analysis revealed that alogliptin has a good binding affinity with Aβ and beta-secretase-1 (BACE-1). Alogliptin significantly restored cognitive functions in Aβ (1-42) fibrils injected rats during the MWM test. Alogliptin also significantly attenuated insulin level, IRS-1pS307 expression, Aβ (1-42) level, GSK-3β activity, TNF-α level and oxidative stress in the hippocampus. The histopathological analysis supported alogliptin mediated neuroprotective and anti-amyloidogenic effect. Immunohistochemical analysis also revealed a reduction in IRS-1pS307 expression after alogliptin treatment. The in-silico, behavioral, biochemical and histopathological analysis supports the protective effect of alogliptin against hippocampal insulin resistance and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Obaidur Rahman
- Pharmaceutical Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Madhu Kaundal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohd Salman
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Apeksha Shrivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Bibhu Prasad Panda
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mymoona Akhter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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24
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Amirazodi F, Mehrabi A, Amirazodi M, Parsania S, Rajizadeh MA, Esmaeilpour K. The Combination Effects of Resveratrol and Swimming HIIT Exercise on Novel Object Recognition and Open-field Tasks in Aged Rats. Exp Aging Res 2020; 46:336-358. [PMID: 32324489 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2020.1754015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol abundant in grapes and red wine, has been reported to exert numerous beneficial health effects in the body. High-Intensity Interval Exercise (HIIT) is a form of interval training that provides improved athletic capacity and has a protective effect on health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interactive effects of swimming HIIT and Resveratrol supplementation on behavioral function in Novel object recognition and open-field tests in aged rats. METHODS A total of 45 aged male Wistar rats with an age of 20 months were randomly assigned into five groups of control (C), swimming HIIT (SW-HIIT), swimming HIIT with Resveratrol supplementation (SW-HIIT-R), Resveratrol supplementation (R), and solvent of Resveratrol supplementation (SR). There was also another group that included young animals (2-month-old) and was used to compare with older animals. Swimming HIIT and Resveratrol supplementation groups performed the exercise and received Resveratrol (10 mg/kg/day, gavage) for six weeks. Novel object recognition and open-field tests were used for evaluating the behavioral functions in animals. RESULTS The results showed that HIIT and Resveratrol significantly improved recognition memory compared to old animals. Moreover, it seems that HIIT and Resveratrol partly could modulate anxiety-like behaviors compared to old animals in the open-field test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Amirazodi
- Department of Education, Department of Foundations of Education, International Division, Shiraz University , Shiraz, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran
| | - Amin Mehrabi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran.,Department of Exercise Physiology, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran , Kish, Iran
| | - Maryam Amirazodi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran.,Shiraz University International Division, Shiraz University , Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahrnaz Parsania
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Kerman Medical University of Sciences , Kerman, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Esmaeilpour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Kerman Medical University of Sciences , Kerman, Iran
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25
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González CR, González B. Exploring the Stress Impact in the Paternal Germ Cells Epigenome: Can Catecholamines Induce Epigenetic Reprogramming? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:630948. [PMID: 33679612 PMCID: PMC7933579 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.630948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is characterized by unique epigenetic programs that enable chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation for proper meiotic divisions and germ cells maturation. Paternal lifestyle stressors such as diet, drug abuse, or psychological trauma can directly impact the germ cell epigenome and transmit phenotypes to the next generation, pointing to the importance of epigenetic regulation during spermatogenesis. It is established that environmental perturbations can affect the development and behavior of the offspring through epigenetic inheritance, including changes in small non-coding RNAs, DNA methylation, and histones post-translational modifications. But how male germ cells react to lifestyle stressors and encode them in the paternal epigenome is still a research gap. Most lifestyle stressors activate catecholamine circuits leading to both acute and long-term changes in neural functions, and epigenetic mechanisms show strong links to both long-term and rapid, dynamic gene expression regulation during stress. Importantly, the testis shares a molecular and transcriptional signature with the brain tissue, including a rich expression of catecholaminergic elements in germ cells that seem to respond to stressors with similar epigenetic and transcriptional profiles. In this minireview, we put on stage the action of catecholamines as possible mediators between paternal stress responses and epigenetic marks alterations during spermatogenesis. Understanding the epigenetic regulation in spermatogenesis will contribute to unravel the coding mechanisms in the transmission of the biological impacts of stress between generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candela R. González
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos Básicos, Aplicados y Desarrollo (CEBBAD), Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Betina González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Farmacológicas (Universidad de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Betina González,
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26
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Yao P, Li Y, Yang Y, Yu S, Chen Y. Triptolide Improves Cognitive Dysfunction in Rats with Vascular Dementia by Activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:1977-1985. [PMID: 31236795 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02831-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F has been exploited as a treatment for several diseases due to its neuroprotective, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. Triptolide is one of its key bioactive compounds. Currently, the role of triptolide in cognitive dysfunction remains unclear. Here, the role of triptolide on cognitive dysfunction was investigated using chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced vascular dementia (VD) rat model. SD rats were administrated with Triptolide (5 μg/kg) for 6 weeks after undergoing permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion. The results show that triptolide treatment conferred neuroprotective effects in VD rats. Intraperitoneal injection of triptolide attenuated oxidative stress, learning and memory deficits, and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampi. Moreover, triptolide enhanced the expression of SIRT1, PGC-1α, ZO-1, Claudin-5, and decreased the serum levels of NSE and S100B significantly. It also improved CCH-induced learning and memory deficits, and this is attributed to its capacity to promote SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling, confer antioxidant effects, and inhibit neuronal apoptosis. These findings indicate that triptolide may be an effective therapeutic agent for vascular cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yujun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Shuchun Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Key of Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Province Key of Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Nanchang, China.
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27
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Yao Y, Liu T, Wang X, Zhang D. The Contrary Effects of Sirt1 on MCF7 Cells Depend on CD36 Expression Level. J Surg Res 2019; 238:248-254. [PMID: 30826489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most aggressive and pervasive cancers identified in females. Sirt1 and CD36 both exert an essential role toward the oncogenic signaling in breast cancer cells. As reported, the adrenergic signaling could promote the malignancy of breast cancer. This study focuses specifically on the role of Sirt1/CD36 in the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells and also investigates their response to the α2-adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine (Dex). MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of Sirt1 and CD36 was measured in breast cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry. We cultured MCF7 cells and treated cells with resveratrol (RSV) or Dex. Western blot analysis was performed to quantify the protein expression levels. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was applied to detect cell proliferation. RESULTS Compared with normal adjacent tissues, Sirt1 increased and CD36 decreased in cancer tissues. RSV, a Sirt1 activator, increased the proliferation of MCF-7 cells at low concentration but exerted cytotoxicity effect at higher concentration. Sirt1 activation increased the expression of CD36 at higher concentration. Dex treatment gradually increased the proliferation of MCF7 cells in a dose-dependent manner and downregulated the expression of Sirt1/CD36. Interestingly, overexpression of Sirt1 via RSV pretreatment could suppress Dex-stimulated proliferation of breast cancer, accompanied with CD36 upregulation. CONCLUSIONS though expression of Sirt1 increased in breast cancer progression, overexpression of Sirt1 could inhibit MCF7 proliferation, which may be associated with CD36 upregulation. In addition, the promotion effect of Dex on MCF7 cells, which may be associated with the Sirt1/CD36 inhibition, could be weakened by Sirt1 activation via RSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Yao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaolan Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Dianlong Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, the Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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28
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Alsabah Alavizadeh N, Rashidlamir A, Hejazi SM. Effects of Eight Weeks of Cardiac Rehabilitation Training on Serum Levels of Sirtuin1 and Functional Capacity of Post- Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patients. MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/mlj.13.2.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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29
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Bhushan R, Altinbas L, Jäger M, Zaradzki M, Lehmann D, Timmermann B, Clayton NP, Zhu Y, Kallenbach K, Kararigas G, Robinson PN. An integrative systems approach identifies novel candidates in Marfan syndrome-related pathophysiology. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2526-2535. [PMID: 30677223 PMCID: PMC6433740 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene. Although many peripheral tissues are affected, aortic complications, such as dilation, dissection and rupture, are the leading causes of MFS‐related mortality. Aberrant TGF‐beta signalling plays a major role in the pathophysiology of MFS. However, the contributing mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here, we aimed at identifying novel aorta‐specific pathways involved in the pathophysiology of MFS. For this purpose, we employed the Fbn1 under‐expressing mgR/mgR mouse model of MFS. We performed RNA‐sequencing of aortic tissues of 9‐week‐old mgR/mgR mice compared with wild‐type (WT) mice. With a false discovery rate <5%, our analysis revealed 248 genes to be differentially regulated including 20 genes previously unrelated with MFS‐related pathology. Among these, we identified Igfbp2, Ccl8, Spp1, Mylk2, Mfap4, Dsp and H19. We confirmed the expression of regulated genes by quantitative real‐time PCR. Pathway classification revealed transcript signatures involved in chemokine signalling, cardiac muscle contraction, dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, our immunoblot analysis of aortic tissues revealed altered regulation of pSmad2 signalling, Perk1/2, Igfbp2, Mfap4, Ccl8 and Mylk2 protein levels in mgR/mgR vs WT mice. Together, our integrative systems approach identified several novel factors associated with MFS‐aortic‐specific pathophysiology that might offer potential novel therapeutic targets for MFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu Bhushan
- Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany.,Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, India
| | | | - Marten Jäger
- Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Core Genomics Facility, Charité, University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcin Zaradzki
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Klaus Kallenbach
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, INCCI HaerzZenter, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Georgios Kararigas
- Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter N Robinson
- Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.,The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
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30
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Alpinate Oxyphyllae
extracts enhance the longevity and homing of mesenchymal stem cells and augment their protection against senescence in H9c2 cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:12042-12050. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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31
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Shimojo GL, da Silva Dias D, Malfitano C, Sanches IC, Llesuy S, Ulloa L, Irigoyen MC, De Angelis K. Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Training Improve Hypertension Associated With Menopause. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1471. [PMID: 30420811 PMCID: PMC6215975 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension sharply increases in menopausal women. Recent studies have demonstrated that aerobic or resistance training may help control hypertension. In this study, we report that combining aerobic and resistance training may provide an effective therapeutic approach for hypertension control, attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress in ovariectomized rats. Female Wistar and spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) were distributed into four groups: sedentary control (C), sedentary hypertensive (HR), sedentary hypertensive ovariectomized (HR-O), and combined trained hypertensive ovariectomized (T-HR-O). Combined exercise training was performed on a motor treadmill (aerobic training) and on a ladder adapted to rats (resistance training), in alternate days for 8 weeks. Direct arterial pressure was recorded and oxidative stress and inflammation were evaluated in cardiac and renal tissue. Ovariectomy increases increased mean arterial blood pressure, sympathetic modulation, and oxidative stress in SHR. Combining aerobic and resistance training reduced mean arterial blood pressure (12% vs. HR-O), heart rate (8% vs. HR-O), vascular sympathetic modulation (40% vs. HR-O), and improved baroreflex sensitivity. Combined training reduced cardiac inflammation (TNF and IL-6) and cardiac and renal lipoperoxidation (59% and 57%, respectively vs. HR-O). It also enhanced cardiac (71%) and renal (76%) total antioxidant capacity when compared to HR-O group. In conclusion, combining aerobic and resistance training improves mean arterial blood pressure, cardiovascular autonomic control, preventing cardiac and renal oxidative stress and inflammation in an experimental hypertension model with surgical menopause induced with ovariectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Lemos Shimojo
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danielle da Silva Dias
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Christiane Malfitano
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Susana Llesuy
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis Ulloa
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.,Center for Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Surgery, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | | | - Kátia De Angelis
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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32
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Stromal interaction molecule 1 is required for neonatal testicular development in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:909-915. [PMID: 30224062 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is a transmembrane endoplasmic reticulum protein, and it serves as a Ca2+ sensor and activator of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). We have previously identified STIM1 in the proteome profile of mice neonatal testes, revealing STIM1 to be associated with neonatal testicular development. Here, to further explore the location and function of STIM1 in mice testes, we studied the effect of Stim1 gene knockdown on neonatal testicular development by testicular culture. Our results revealed that STIM1 was primarily located in Sertoli cells. Knockdown of Stim1 gene using morpholino in neonatal testis caused the mislocation of Sertoli cells and loss of germ cells, which were associated with the aberrant reactive oxygen species (ROS) activation, while inhibition of ROS could partly rescue the phenotypes caused by Stim1 gene knockdown. In conclusion, our study suggests that STIM1 can maintain neonatal testicular development by inhibiting ROS activation.
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33
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Katsuumi G, Shimizu I, Yoshida Y, Hayashi Y, Ikegami R, Suda M, Wakasugi T, Nakao M, Minamino T. Catecholamine-Induced Senescence of Endothelial Cells and Bone Marrow Cells Promotes Cardiac Dysfunction in Mice. Int Heart J 2018; 59:837-844. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.17-313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Goro Katsuumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
- Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Yohko Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
- Division of Molecular Aging and Cell Biology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Yuka Hayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Ryutaro Ikegami
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Masayoshi Suda
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Takayuki Wakasugi
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Masaaki Nakao
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
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Phenolic Plant Extracts Induce Sirt1 Activity and Increase Antioxidant Levels in the Rabbit's Heart and Liver. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:2731289. [PMID: 30116475 PMCID: PMC6079382 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2731289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Several dietary phytochemicals potentially regulate the equilibrium between oxidant and antioxidant species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lippia citriodora, Raphanus sativus, and Solanum lycopersicum on blood parameters, oxidative/antioxidant status, and SIRT1 activity in the rabbit's heart and liver. Methods Twenty rabbits were divided into 4 groups of 5 animals each. The control group (CN) received a feed without any additives. One intervention group received a supplement containing verbascoside (VB), another Raphanus sativus extract (RAP), and lastly lycopene (LYC). Oxidant-antioxidant parameters and SIRT1 activity were measured in plasma and in the heart and liver, respectively. Results The treatment with VB, RAP, and LYC resulted in a marked improvement in the blood lipid and glycaemic profile in respect to CN. VB was the most effective, but all three plant extracts induced a significant reduction in oxidant parameters as well as an increase in antioxidant tissue activity and vitamin A and E levels. SIRT1 activity was significantly increased in both VB and LYC compared to CN, but the increased levels in the VB group were far the highest. The multivariate analysis suggests that the benefits of VB, particularly the antiglycaemic and antioxidant effects, might be mediated by increasing SIRT1 activity.
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Alavizadeh NS, Rashidlamir A, Hejazi SM. Effect of Eight Weeks Aerobic and Combined Training on Serum Levels of Sirtuin 1 and PGC-1α in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients. MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/mlj.12.5.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Frame MD, Dewar AM, Calizo RC, Qifti A, Scarlata SF. Nitrosative stress uncovers potent β 2-adrenergic receptor-linked vasodilation further enhanced by blockade of clathrin endosome formation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 314:H1298-H1308. [PMID: 29569954 PMCID: PMC6415737 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00365.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) preexposure on vasodilation via the β-adrenergic receptor (BAR) system. SNP was used as a nitrosative/oxidative proinflammatory insult. Small arterioles were visualized by intravital microscopy in the hamster cheek pouch tissue (isoflurane, n = 45). Control dilation to isoproterenol (EC50: 10-7 mol/l) became biphasic as a function of concentration after 2 min of exposure to SNP (10-4 M), with increased potency at picomolar dilation uncovered and decreased efficacy at the micromolar dilation. Control dilation to curcumin was likewise altered after SNP, but only the increased potency at a low dose was uncovered, whereas micromolar dilation was eliminated. The picomolar dilations were blocked by the potent BAR-2 inverse agonist carazolol (10-9 mol/l). Dynamin inhibition with dynasore mimicked this effect, suggesting that SNP preexposure prevented BAR agonist internalization. Using HeLa cells transfected with BAR-2 tagged with monomeric red fluorescent protein, exposure to 10-8-10-6 mol/l curcumin resulted in internalization and colocalization of BAR-2 and curcumin (FRET) that was prevented by oxidative stress (10-3 mol/l CoCl2), supporting that stress prevented internalization of the BAR agonist with the micromolar agonist. This study presents novel data supporting that distinct pools of BARs are differentially available after inflammatory insult. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Preexposure to an oxidative/nitrosative proinflammatory insult provides a "protective preconditioning" against future oxidative damage. We examined immediate vasoactive and molecular consequences of a brief preexposure via β-adrenergic receptor signaling in small arterioles. Blocked receptor internalization with elevated reactive oxygen levels coincides with a significant and unexpected vasodilation to β-adrenergic agonists at picomolar doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary D Frame
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York
| | - Anthony M Dewar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York
| | - Rhodora C Calizo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York
| | - Androniqi Qifti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Suzanne F Scarlata
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts
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Cheng Y, Chen G, Wang L, Kong J, Pan J, Xi Y, Shen F, Huang Z. Triptolide-induced mitochondrial damage dysregulates fatty acid metabolism in mouse sertoli cells. Toxicol Lett 2018; 292:136-150. [PMID: 29723566 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Triptolide is a major active ingredient of tripterygium glycosides, used for the therapy of immune and inflammatory diseases. However, its clinical applications are limited by severe male fertility toxicity associated with decreased sperm count, mobility and testicular injures. In this study, we determined that triptoide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction triggered reduction of lactate and dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism in mouse Sertoli cells. First, triptolide induced mitochondrial damage through the suppressing of proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) activity and protein. Second, mitochondrial damage decreased lactate production and dysregulated fatty acid metabolism. Finally, mitochondrial dysfunction was initiated by the inhibition of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) with the regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in Sertoli cells after triptolide treatment. Meanwhile, triptolide induced mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation dysregulation by increasing AMPK phosphorylation. Taken together, we provide evidence that the mechanism of triptolide-induced testicular toxicity under mitochondrial injury may involve a metabolic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisen Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Gaojian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Li Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Jiamin Kong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Ji Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yue Xi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Feihai Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Zhiying Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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Acin-Perez R, Lechuga-Vieco AV, del Mar Muñoz M, Nieto-Arellano R, Torroja C, Sánchez-Cabo F, Jiménez C, González-Guerra A, Carrascoso I, Benincá C, Quiros PM, López-Otín C, Castellano JM, Ruíz-Cabello J, Jiménez-Borreguero LJ, Enríquez JA. Ablation of the stress protease OMA1 protects against heart failure in mice. Sci Transl Med 2018; 10:10/434/eaan4935. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan4935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhang XY, Zhang XJ, Xv J, Jia W, Pu XY, Wang HY, Liang H, Lu DX. Crocin attenuates acute hypobaric hypoxia-induced cognitive deficits of rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 818:300-305. [PMID: 29106903 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether crocin exerted neuroprotective effects against acute hypobaric hypoxia at high altitude in vivo and determined the underlying mechanisms. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a normoxic group,a hypoxic group, and three crocin groups at three different doses. The rats were transferred from 50m to 4200m for 3 days after treatment with crocin for 3 days. The learning and memory of the rat were evaluated with the Morris water maze test. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to analyze the changes in the ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) and sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) levels were determined using immunohistochemical staining and western blotting. The escape latency of the crocin group was shorter than that of the hypoxic group, while the frequency of the rats reaching the platform was significantly higher in the crocin group. The structures of nerve cells and mitochondria were destroyed in the hypoxic group, but were repaired in the crocin groups. The expressions of PGC-1α and SIRT1 were decreased in the hypoxic group, but were increased in the crocin group. All the effects improved by crocin were dose-dependent. Crocin attenuates acute hypobaric hypoxia-induced cognitive deficits in rats, accompanied by repairing the structures of hippocampal neurons and improving PGC-1α and SIRT1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine Science, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China.
| | - Xian-Jun Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine Science, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Jin Xv
- Department of Basic Medicine Science, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Basic Medicine Science, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Pu
- Department of Basic Medicine Science, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine Science, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Hong Liang
- Department of Basic Medicine Science, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Dian-Xiang Lu
- Research center of high altitude medicine, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining 810000, China
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Role of Beta-adrenergic Receptors and Sirtuin Signaling in the Heart During Aging, Heart Failure, and Adaptation to Stress. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 38:109-120. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Wang L, Li B, Li L, Xu F, Xu Z, Wei D, Feng Y, Wang Y, Jia D, Zhou Y. Ultrahigh-yield synthesis of N-doped carbon nanodots that down-regulate ROS in zebrafish. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:7848-7860. [PMID: 32264386 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01114h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage induced by accumulation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) could result in increased chronic inflammation and thus ageing and age-related diseases. Carbonaceous nanodrugs hold great promise for ameliorating age-related diseases, and it is necessary to develop ultrahigh-yield synthesis of such nanodrugs. To improve the synthetic yield (less than 50%) of carbon nanodots (CNDs), the general choice is to screen precursors. However, no reliable concept for improving the yield has been explored over the past few decades. We are the first to propose the concept of using carbon-carbon double bonds to boost the synthetic yield and demonstrate record breaking ultrahigh-yield (85.9%) synthesis of N-doped CNDs. When the C[double bond, length as m-dash]C content increased from 14 to 56 mmol, the synthetic yield exhibited a 3.3-fold increase. Nitrogen elements are doped as pyridinic-like N and NH2, where conjugated π-systems as electron donors and pyridinic-like structures would benefit the potential down-regulated effect for ROS. N-doped CNDs exhibit an outstanding protective effect against oxidative stress via inhibiting exogenous and endogenous ROS generation, where the ROS in zebrafish are significantly reduced by 68%. Hence the concept of carbon-carbon double bond-boosted ultrahigh-yield synthesis of N-doped CNDs provides a promising strategy to be employed for carbonaceous nanodrugs aiming at preventing and curing ageing and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
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The anti-ageing molecule sirt1 mediates beneficial effects of cardiac rehabilitation. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2017; 14:7. [PMID: 28331525 PMCID: PMC5353800 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-017-0088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background An exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme (CRP) is established as adjuvant therapy in heart failure (HF), nevertheless it is underutilized, especially in the elderly. While the functional and hemodynamic effects of CRP are well known, its underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully clarified. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of a well-structured 4-week CRP in patients with stable HF from a molecular point of view. Results A prospective longitudinal observational study was conducted on patients consecutively admitted to cardiac rehabilitation. In fifty elderly HF patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), levels of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and of its targets, the antioxidants catalase (Cat) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were measured before (Patients, P) and at the end of the CRP (Rehabilitated Patients, RP), showing a rise of their activities after rehabilitation. Endothelial cells (ECs) were conditioned with serum from P and RP, and oxidative stress was induced using hydrogen peroxide. An increase of Sirt1 and Cat activity was detected in RP-conditioned ECs in both the absence and presence of oxidative stress, together with a decrease of senescence, an effect not observed during Sirt1 and Cat inhibition. Conclusions In addition to the improvement in functional and hemodynamic parameters, a supervised exercise-based CRP increases Sirt1 activity and stimulates a systemic antioxidant defence in elderly HFpEF patients. Moreover, CRP produces antioxidant and anti-senescent effects in human endothelial cells mediated, at least in part, by Sirt1 and its target Cat.
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Chang H, Sheng JJ, Zhang L, Yue ZJ, Jiao B, Li JS, Yu ZB. ROS-Induced Nuclear Translocation of Calpain-2 Facilitates Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis in Tail-Suspended Rats. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:2258-69. [PMID: 25820554 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Isoproterenol (ISO) induced nuclear translocation of calpain-2 which further increased susceptibility of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in tail-suspended rats. The underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, the results showed that ISO (10 nM) significantly elevated NADPH oxidases (NOXs) activity and NOXs-derived ROS productions which induced nuclear translocation of calpain-2 in cardiomyocytes of tail-suspended rats. In contrast, the inhibition of NADPH oxidase or cleavage of ROS not only reduced ROS productions, but also resisted nuclear translocation of calpain-2 and decreased ISO-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocyte in tail-suspended rats. ISO also increased the constitutive binding between calpain-2 and Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II δB (CaMK II δB) in nuclei, concomitant with the promotion of CaMK II δB degradation and subsequent down-regulation of Bcl-2 mRNA expression and the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax protein in tail-suspended rat cardiomyocytes. These effects of ISO on cardiomyocytes were abolished by a calpain inhibitor PD150606. Inhibition of calpain significantly reduced ISO-induced loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release into the cytoplasm, as well as the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In summary, the above results suggest that ISO increased NOXs-derived ROS which activated nuclear translocation of calpain-2, subsequently nuclear calpain-2 degraded CaMK II δB which reduced the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax, and finally the mitochondria apoptosis pathway was triggered in tail-suspended rat cardiomyocytes. Therefore, calpain-2 may represent a potentially therapeutic target for prevention of oxidative stress-associated cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chang
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032,, China
| | - Juan-Juan Sheng
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032,, China
| | | | - Zhi-Jie Yue
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032,, China
| | | | - Jin-Sheng Li
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032,, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Yu
- Department of Aerospace Physiology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changlexi Road, Xi'an, 710032,, China
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Lima LCF, Saliba SW, Andrade JMO, Cunha ML, Cassini-Vieira P, Feltenberger JD, Barcelos LS, Guimarães ALS, de-Paula AMB, de Oliveira ACP, Santos SHS. Neurodegeneration Alters Metabolic Profile and Sirt 1 Signaling in High-Fat-Induced Obese Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3465-3475. [PMID: 27181590 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Different factors may contribute to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Among them, metabolic syndrome (MS), which has reached epidemic proportions, has emerged as a potential element that may be involved in neurodegeneration. Furthermore, studies have shown the importance of the sirtuin family in neuronal survival and MS, which opens the possibility of new pharmacological targets. This study investigates the influence of sirtuin metabolic pathways by examining the functional capacities of glucose-induced obesity in an excitotoxic state induced by a quinolinic acid (QA) animal model. Mice were divided into two groups that received different diets for 8 weeks: one group received a regular diet, and the other group received a high-fat diet (HF) to induce MS. The animals were submitted to a stereotaxic surgery and subdivided into four groups: Standard (ST), Standard-QA (ST-QA), HF and HF-QA. The QA groups were given a 250 nL quinolinic acid injection in the right striatum and PBS was injected in the other groups. Obese mice presented with a weight gain of 40 % more than the ST group beyond acquiring an insulin resistance. QA induced motor impairment and neurodegeneration in both ST-QA and HF-QA, although no difference was observed between these groups. The HF-QA group showed a reduction in adiposity when compared with the groups that received PBS. Therefore, the HF-QA group demonstrated a commitment-dependent metabolic pathway. The results suggest that an obesogenic diet does not aggravate the neurodegeneration induced by QA. However, the excitotoxicity induced by QA promotes a sirtuin pathway impairment that contributes to metabolic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Ceotto Freitas Lima
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences. Food Engineering College, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology and Department of Physiology - ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Soraya Wilke Saliba
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Physiology - ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Luisa Cunha
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Physiology - ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Puebla Cassini-Vieira
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Physiology - ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Lucíola Silva Barcelos
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Physiology - ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Antônio Carlos Pinheiro de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Physiology - ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences. Food Engineering College, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. .,Health Science Post-graduate Program, UNIMONTES, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.
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Brozovich FV, Nicholson CJ, Degen CV, Gao YZ, Aggarwal M, Morgan KG. Mechanisms of Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction and the Basis for Pharmacologic Treatment of Smooth Muscle Disorders. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 68:476-532. [PMID: 27037223 PMCID: PMC4819215 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.010652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The smooth muscle cell directly drives the contraction of the vascular wall and hence regulates the size of the blood vessel lumen. We review here the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which agonists, therapeutics, and diseases regulate contractility of the vascular smooth muscle cell and we place this within the context of whole body function. We also discuss the implications for personalized medicine and highlight specific potential target molecules that may provide opportunities for the future development of new therapeutics to regulate vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- F V Brozovich
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - C J Nicholson
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - C V Degen
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - Yuan Z Gao
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - M Aggarwal
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - K G Morgan
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
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Najafi A, Sequeira V, Kuster DWD, van der Velden J. β-adrenergic receptor signalling and its functional consequences in the diseased heart. Eur J Clin Invest 2016; 46:362-74. [PMID: 26842371 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To maintain the balance between the demand of the body and supply (cardiac output), cardiac performance is tightly regulated via the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. In heart failure, cardiac output (supply) is decreased due to pathologic remodelling of the heart. To meet the demands of the body, the sympathetic system is activated and catecholamines stimulate β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) to increase contractile performance and cardiac output. Although this is beneficial in the acute phase, chronic β-ARs stimulation initiates a cascade of alterations at the cellular level, resulting in a diminished contractile performance of the heart. MATERIALS AND METHODS This narrative review includes results from previously published systematic reviews and clinical and basic research publications obtained via PubMed up to May 2015. RESULTS We discuss the alterations that occur during sustained β-AR stimulation in diseased myocardium and emphasize the consequences of β-AR overstimulation for cardiac function. In addition, current treatment options as well as future therapeutic strategies to treat patients with heart failure to normalize consequences of β-AR overstimulation are discussed. CONCLUSIONS The heart is able to protect itself from chronic stimulation of the β-ARs via desensitization and reduced membrane availability of the β-ARs. However, ultimately this leads to an impaired downstream signalling and decreased protein kinase A (PKA)-mediated protein phosphorylation. β-blockers are widely used to prevent β-AR overstimulation and restore β-ARs in the failing hearts. However, novel and more specific therapeutic treatments are needed to improve treatment of HF in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Najafi
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center, Institute for Cardiovascular research (ICaR-VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Vasco Sequeira
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center, Institute for Cardiovascular research (ICaR-VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Diederik W D Kuster
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center, Institute for Cardiovascular research (ICaR-VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center, Institute for Cardiovascular research (ICaR-VU), Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Lappano R, Rigiracciolo D, De Marco P, Avino S, Cappello AR, Rosano C, Maggiolini M, De Francesco EM. Recent Advances on the Role of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Hypoxia-Mediated Signaling. AAPS JOURNAL 2016; 18:305-10. [PMID: 26865461 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-016-9881-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are cell surface proteins mainly involved in signal transmission; however, they play a role also in several pathophysiological conditions. Chemically heterogeneous molecules like peptides, hormones, lipids, and neurotransmitters activate second messengers and induce several biological responses by binding to these seven transmembrane receptors, which are coupled to heterotrimeric G proteins. Recently, additional molecular mechanisms have been involved in GPCR-mediated signaling, leading to an intricate network of transduction pathways. In this regard, it should be mentioned that diverse GPCR family members contribute to the adaptive cell responses to low oxygen tension, which is a distinguishing feature of several illnesses like neoplastic and cardiovascular diseases. For instance, the G protein estrogen receptor, namely G protein estrogen receptor (GPER)/GPR30, has been shown to contribute to relevant biological effects induced by hypoxia via the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in diverse cell contexts, including cancer. Likewise, GPER has been found to modulate the biological outcome of hypoxic/ischemic stress in both cardiovascular and central nervous systems. Here, we describe the role exerted by GPCR-mediated signaling in low oxygen conditions, discussing, in particular, the involvement of GPER by a hypoxic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Damiano Rigiracciolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Paola De Marco
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Silvia Avino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Cappello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Camillo Rosano
- UOS Proteomics IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST National Institute for Cancer Research, Largo R. Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marcello Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
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Corbi G, Conti V, Filippelli A, Di Costanzo A, Ferrara N. The Role Of Physical Activity On The Prevention Of Cognitive Impairment. Transl Med UniSa 2015; 13:42-6. [PMID: 27042432 PMCID: PMC4811348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is associated with reduced risk of heart disease, type II diabetes mellitus, and overall mortality. However, growing evidence shows that physical activity can also improve cognitive function and may lower the risk of developing dementia, but Randomized Clinical Trials gave mixed results. Aim of this article was to review the knowledge available in literature on the effects of physical activity on cognition and the suggested possible mechanisms involved in these effects. Our group have planned a trial aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of physical activity in preventing or delaying the cognitive decline in individuals at risk of developing dementia. Beside the effects of exercise on cognition are not fully defined, also the mechanisms underlying the benefits of physical activity on cognitive sphere are not completely known. Recently the SIRT1 loss is both closely associated with accumulation of beta amyloid and tau protein in AD patients. Although there is no specific exercise that can be recommended, the available evidence suggests that practicing more types of physical activity is particularly advantageous. It is important to explore further mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the AD in order to be able to identify new and effective target treatment, including physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Corbi
- Dpt of Medicine and Health Sciences. University of Molise
| | - V Conti
- Dpt of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno
| | - A Filippelli
- Dpt of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno
| | - A Di Costanzo
- Dpt of Medicine and Health Sciences. University of Molise
| | - N Ferrara
- Dpt of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II" Naples
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Balestra C, Cimino F, Theunissen S, Snoeck T, Provyn S, Canali R, Bonina A, Virgili F. A red orange extract modulates the vascular response to a recreational dive: a pilot study on the effect of anthocyanins on the physiological consequences of scuba diving. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:2101-6. [PMID: 26548425 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1107062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional antioxidants have been proposed as an expedient strategy to counter the potentially deleterious effects of scuba diving on endothelial function, flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and heart function. Sixteen volunteers performing a single standard dive (20 min at 33 m) according to US Navy diving procedures were randomly assigned to two groups: one was administered with two doses of 200 mg of an anthocyanins (AC)-rich extract from red oranges, 12 and 4 h before diving. Anthocyanins supplementation significantly modulated the effects of diving on haematocrit, body water distribution and FMD. AC administration significantly reduces the potentially harmful endothelial effects of a recreational single dive. The lack of any significant effect on the most common markers of plasma antioxidant capacity suggests that the mechanism underlying this protective activity is independent of the putative antioxidant effect of AC and possibly involves cellular signalling modulation of the response to high oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Balestra
- a Environmental and Occupational (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory , Haute Ecole Paul Henri Spaak , Brussels , Belgium
| | - F Cimino
- b Department Farmaco-Biologico, School of Pharmacy , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - S Theunissen
- a Environmental and Occupational (Integrative) Physiology Laboratory , Haute Ecole Paul Henri Spaak , Brussels , Belgium
| | - T Snoeck
- c Department of Experimental Anatomy , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - S Provyn
- c Department of Experimental Anatomy , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - R Canali
- d Council for Agricultural Research and Economics - Food and Nutrition Research Centre (C.R.A. - NUT) , Rome , Italy
| | | | - F Virgili
- d Council for Agricultural Research and Economics - Food and Nutrition Research Centre (C.R.A. - NUT) , Rome , Italy
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Adrenergic DNA damage of embryonic pluripotent cells via β2 receptor signalling. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15950. [PMID: 26516061 PMCID: PMC4626766 DOI: 10.1038/srep15950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic pluripotent cells are sensitive to genotoxicity though they need more stringent genome integrity to avoid compromising multiple cell lineages and subsequent generations. However it remains unknown whether the cells are susceptible to adrenergic stress which can induce somatic cell genome lesion. We have revealed that adrenergic stress mediators cause DNA damage of the cells through the β2 adrenergic receptor/adenylate cyclase/cAMP/PKA signalling pathway involving an induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. The adrenergic stress agonists adrenaline, noradrenaline, and isoprenaline caused DNA damage and apoptosis of embryonic stem (ES) cells and embryonal carcinoma stem cells. The effects were mimicked by β2 receptor-coupled signalling molecules and abrogated by selective blockade of β2 receptors and inhibition of the receptor signalling pathway. RNA interference targeting β2 receptors of ES cells conferred the cells the ability to resist the DNA damage and apoptosis. In addition, adrenergic stimulation caused a consistent accumulation of ROS in the cells and the effect was abrogated by β2 receptor blockade; quenching of ROS reversed the induced DNA damage. This finding will improve the understanding of the stem cell regulatory physiology/pathophysiology in an adrenergic receptor subtype signalling mechanism.
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