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Ait Bentaleb K, Boisvert M, Tourjman V, Potvin S. A Meta-Analysis of Functional Neuroimaging Studies of Ketamine Administration in Healthy Volunteers. J Psychoactive Drugs 2024; 56:211-224. [PMID: 36921026 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2190758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Ketamine administration leads to a psychotomimetic state when taken in large bolus doses, making it a valid model of psychosis. Therefore, understanding ketamine's effects on brain functioning is particularly relevant. This meta-analysis focused on neuroimaging studies that examined ketamine-induced brain activation at rest and during a task. Included are 10 resting-state studies and 23 task-based studies, 9 of which were measuring executive functions. Using a stringent statistical threshold (TFCE <0.05), the results showed increased activity at rest in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and increased activation of the right Heschl's gyrus during executive tasks, following ketamine administration. Uncorrected results showed increased activation at rest in the right (anterior) insula and the right-fusiform gyrus, as well as increased activation during executive tasks in the rostral ACC. Rest-state studies highlighted alterations in core hubs of the salience network, while task-based studies suggested an impact on task-irrelevant brain regions. Increased activation in the rostral ACC may indicate a failure to deactivate the default mode network during executive tasks following ketamine administration. The results are coherent with alterations found in schizophrenia, which confer external validity to the ketamine model of psychosis. Studies investigating the neural mechanisms of ketamine's antidepressant action are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Ait Bentaleb
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of psychiatry and addiction, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mélanie Boisvert
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of psychiatry and addiction, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Valérie Tourjman
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of psychiatry and addiction, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Stéphane Potvin
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Department of psychiatry and addiction, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Delavari F, Sandini C, Kojovic N, Saccaro LF, Eliez S, Van De Ville D, Bolton TAW. Thalamic contributions to psychosis susceptibility: Evidence from co-activation patterns accounting for intra-seed spatial variability (μCAPs). Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26649. [PMID: 38520364 PMCID: PMC10960557 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The temporal variability of the thalamus in functional networks may provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. To address the complexity of the role of the thalamic nuclei in psychosis, we introduced micro-co-activation patterns (μCAPs) and employed this method on the human genetic model of schizophrenia 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS). Participants underwent resting-state functional MRI and a data-driven iterative process resulting in the identification of six whole-brain μCAPs with specific activity patterns within the thalamus. Unlike conventional methods, μCAPs extract dynamic spatial patterns that reveal partially overlapping and non-mutually exclusive functional subparts. Thus, the μCAPs method detects finer foci of activity within the initial seed region, retaining valuable and clinically relevant temporal and spatial information. We found that a μCAP showing co-activation of the mediodorsal thalamus with brain-wide cortical regions was expressed significantly less frequently in patients with 22q11.2DS, and its occurrence negatively correlated with the severity of positive psychotic symptoms. Additionally, activity within the auditory-visual cortex and their respective geniculate nuclei was expressed in two different μCAPs. One of these auditory-visual μCAPs co-activated with salience areas, while the other co-activated with the default mode network (DMN). A significant shift of occurrence from the salience+visuo-auditory-thalamus to the DMN + visuo-auditory-thalamus μCAP was observed in patients with 22q11.2DS. Thus, our findings support existing research on the gatekeeping role of the thalamus for sensory information in the pathophysiology of psychosis and revisit the evidence of geniculate nuclei hyperconnectivity with the audio-visual cortex in 22q11.2DS in the context of dynamic functional connectivity, seen here as the specific hyper-occurrence of these circuits with the task-negative brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Delavari
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology LaboratoryUniversity of Geneva School of MedicineGenevaSwitzerland
- Neuro‐X InstituteÉcole Polytechnique FÉdÉrale de LausanneGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Corrado Sandini
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology LaboratoryUniversity of Geneva School of MedicineGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Nada Kojovic
- Autism Brain and Behavior Lab, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Luigi F. Saccaro
- Faculty of Medicine, Psychiatry DepartmentUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
- Psychiatry DepartmentGeneva University HospitalGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Stephan Eliez
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology LaboratoryUniversity of Geneva School of MedicineGenevaSwitzerland
- Department of Genetic Medicine and DevelopmentUniversity of Geneva School of MedicineGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Neuro‐X InstituteÉcole Polytechnique FÉdÉrale de LausanneGenevaSwitzerland
- Department of Radiology and Medical InformaticsUniversity of Geneva (UNIGE)GenevaSwitzerland
| | - Thomas A. W. Bolton
- Neuro‐X InstituteÉcole Polytechnique FÉdÉrale de LausanneGenevaSwitzerland
- Connectomics Laboratory, Department of RadiologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV)LausanneSwitzerland
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Deng L, Wei W, Qiao C, Yin Y, Li X, Yu H, Jian L, Ma X, Zhao L, Wang Q, Deng W, Guo W, Li T. Dynamic aberrances of substantia nigra-relevant coactivation patterns in first-episode treatment-naïve patients with schizophrenia. Psychol Med 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38523252 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although dopaminergic disturbances are well-known in schizophrenia, the understanding of dopamine-related brain dynamics remains limited. This study investigates the dynamic coactivation patterns (CAPs) associated with the substantia nigra (SN), a key dopaminergic nucleus, in first-episode treatment-naïve patients with schizophrenia (FES). METHODS Resting-state fMRI data were collected from 84 FES and 94 healthy controls (HCs). Frame-wise clustering was implemented to generate CAPs related to SN activation or deactivation. Connectome features of each CAP were derived using an edge-centric method. The occurrence for each CAP and the balance ratio for antagonistic CAPs were calculated and compared between two groups, and correlations between temporal dynamic metrics and symptom burdens were explored. RESULTS Functional reconfigurations in CAPs exhibited significant differences between the activation and deactivation states of SN. During SN activation, FES more frequently recruited a CAP characterized by activated default network, language network, control network, and the caudate, compared to HCs (F = 8.54, FDR-p = 0.030). Moreover, FES displayed a tilted balance towards a CAP featuring SN-coactivation with the control network, caudate, and thalamus, as opposed to its antagonistic CAP (F = 7.48, FDR-p = 0.030). During SN deactivation, FES exhibited increased recruitment of a CAP with activated visual and dorsal attention networks but decreased recruitment of its opposing CAP (F = 6.58, FDR-p = 0.034). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that neuroregulatory dysfunction in dopaminergic pathways involving SN potentially mediates aberrant time-varying functional reorganizations in schizophrenia. This finding enriches the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia from the perspective of brain dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Deng
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunxia Qiao
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yubing Yin
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingqi Jian
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liansheng Zhao
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanjun Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Smith PJ, Whitson HE, Merwin RM, O’Hayer CV, Strauman TJ. Engineering Virtuous health habits using Emotion and Neurocognition: Flexibility for Lifestyle Optimization and Weight management (EVEN FLOW). Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1256430. [PMID: 38076541 PMCID: PMC10702760 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1256430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Interventions to preserve functional independence in older adults are critically needed to optimize 'successful aging' among the large and increasing population of older adults in the United States. For most aging adults, the management of chronic diseases is the most common and impactful risk factor for loss of functional independence. Chronic disease management inherently involves the learning and adaptation of new behaviors, such as adopting or modifying physical activity habits and managing weight. Despite the importance of chronic disease management in older adults, vanishingly few individuals optimally manage their health behavior in the service of chronic disease stabilization to preserve functional independence. Contemporary conceptual models of chronic disease management and health habit theory suggest that this lack of optimal management may result from an underappreciated distinction within the health behavior literature: the behavioral domains critical for initiation of new behaviors (Initiation Phase) are largely distinct from those that facilitate their maintenance (Maintenance Phase). Psychological factors, particularly experiential acceptance and trait levels of openness are critical to engagement with new health behaviors, willingness to make difficult lifestyle changes, and the ability to tolerate aversive affective responses in the process. Cognitive factors, particularly executive function, are critical to learning new skills, using them effectively across different areas of life and contextual demands, and updating of skills to facilitate behavioral maintenance. Emerging data therefore suggests that individuals with greater executive function are better able to sustain behavior changes, which in turn protects against cognitive decline. In addition, social and structural supports of behavior change serve a critical buffering role across phases of behavior change. The present review attempts to address these gaps by proposing a novel biobehavioral intervention framework that incorporates both individual-level and social support system-level variables for the purpose of treatment tailoring. Our intervention framework triangulates on the central importance of self-regulatory functioning, proposing that both cognitive and psychological mechanisms ultimately influence an individuals' ability to engage in different aspects of self-management (individual level) in the service of maintaining independence. Importantly, the proposed linkages of cognitive and affective functioning align with emerging individual difference frameworks, suggesting that lower levels of cognitive and/or psychological flexibility represent an intermediate phenotype of risk. Individuals exhibiting self-regulatory lapses either due to the inability to regulate their emotional responses or due to the presence of executive functioning impairments are therefore the most likely to require assistance to preserve functional independence. In addition, these vulnerabilities will be more easily observable for individuals requiring greater complexity of self-management behavioral demands (e.g. complexity of medication regimen) and/or with lesser social support. Our proposed framework also intuits several distinct intervention pathways based on the profile of self-regulatory behaviors: we propose that individuals with intact affect regulation and impaired executive function will preferentially respond to 'top-down' training approaches (e.g., strategy and process work). Individuals with intact executive function and impaired affect regulation will respond to 'bottom-up' approaches (e.g., graded exposure). And individuals with impairments in both may require treatments targeting caregiving or structural supports, particularly in the context of elevated behavioral demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Heather E. Whitson
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Medicine, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Rhonda M. Merwin
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - C. Virginia O’Hayer
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Timothy J. Strauman
- Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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Lee K, Ji JL, Fonteneau C, Berkovitch L, Rahmati M, Pan L, Repovš G, Krystal JH, Murray JD, Anticevic A. Human brain state dynamics reflect individual neuro-phenotypes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.18.557763. [PMID: 37790400 PMCID: PMC10542143 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.18.557763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Neural activity and behavior manifest state and trait dynamics, as well as variation within and between individuals. However, the mapping of state-trait neural variation to behavior is not well understood. To address this gap, we quantify moment-to-moment changes in brain-wide co-activation patterns derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. In healthy young adults, we identify reproducible spatio-temporal features of co-activation patterns at the single subject level. We demonstrate that a joint analysis of state-trait neural variations and feature reduction reveal general motifs of individual differences, encompassing state-specific and general neural features that exhibit day-to-day variability. The principal neural variations co-vary with the principal variations of behavioral phenotypes, highlighting cognitive function, emotion regulation, alcohol and substance use. Person-specific probability of occupying a particular co-activation pattern is reproducible and associated with neural and behavioral features. This combined analysis of state-trait variations holds promise for developing reproducible neuroimaging markers of individual life functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjoo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jie Lisa Ji
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Clara Fonteneau
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lucie Berkovitch
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Saclay CEA Centre, Neurospin, Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Department of Psychiatry, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, 15 Rue de l'École de Médecine, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Masih Rahmati
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lining Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Grega Repovš
- Department of Psychology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John D Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alan Anticevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Psychology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Gou XY, Li YX, Guo LX, Zhao J, Zhong DL, Liu XB, Xia HS, Fan J, Zhang Y, Ai SC, Huang JX, Li HR, Li J, Jin RJ. The conscious processing of emotion in depression disorder: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1099426. [PMID: 37448490 PMCID: PMC10338122 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1099426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Depression is generally accompanied by a disturbed conscious processing of emotion, which manifests as a negative bias to facial/voice emotion information and a decreased accuracy in emotion recognition tasks. Several studies have proved that abnormal brain activation was responsible for the deficit function of conscious emotion recognition in depression. However, the altered brain activation related to the conscious processing of emotion in depression was incongruent among studies. Therefore, we conducted an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) analysis to better understand the underlying neurophysiological mechanism of conscious processing of emotion in depression. Method Electronic databases were searched using the search terms "depression," "emotion recognition," and "neuroimaging" from inceptions to April 10th, 2023. We retrieved trials which explored the neuro-responses of depressive patients to explicit emotion recognition tasks. Two investigators independently performed literature selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. The spatial consistency of brain activation in conscious facial expressions recognition was calculated using ALE. The robustness of the results was examined by Jackknife sensitivity analysis. Results We retrieved 11,365 articles in total, 28 of which were included. In the overall analysis, we found increased activity in the middle temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, and cuneus, and decreased activity in the superior temporal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, insula, and superior frontal gyrus. In response to positive stimuli, depressive patients showed hyperactivity in the medial frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and insula (uncorrected p < 0.001). When receiving negative stimuli, a higher activation was found in the precentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, precuneus, and superior temporal gyrus (uncorrected p < 0.001). Conclusion Among depressive patients, a broad spectrum of brain areas was involved in a deficit of conscious emotion processing. The activation of brain regions was different in response to positive or negative stimuli. Due to potential clinical heterogeneity, the findings should be treated with caution. Systematic review registration https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-11-0057/, identifier: 2022110057.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-yun Gou
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-xi Li
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu-xue Guo
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong-ling Zhong
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-bo Liu
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-sha Xia
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Fan
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang-chun Ai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, China
| | - Jia-xi Huang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-ru Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong-jiang Jin
- School of Health Preservation and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Saccaro LF, Gaviria J, Ville DVD, Piguet C. Dynamic functional hippocampal markers of residual depressive symptoms in euthymic bipolar disorder. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3010. [PMID: 37062926 PMCID: PMC10275545 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severe, chronic, affective disorder characterized by recurrent switching between mood states, psychomotor and cognitive symptoms, which can linger in euthymic states as residual symptoms. Hippocampal alterations may play a key role in the neural processing of BD symptoms. However, its dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) remains unclear. Therefore, the present study explores hippocampal dFC in relation to BD symptoms. METHODS We assessed hippocampus-based dFC coactivation patterns (CAPs) on resting-state fMRI data of 25 euthymic BD patients and 25 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). RESULTS Bilateral hippocampal dFC with somatomotor networks (SMN) was reduced in BD, compared to HC, while at the same time dFC between the left hippocampus and midcingulo-insular salience system (SN) was higher in BD. Correlational analysis between CAPs and clinical scores revealed that dFC between the bilateral hippocampus and the default-like network (DMN) correlated with depression scores in BD. Furthermore, pathological hyperconnectivity between the default mode network (DMN) and SMN and the frontoparietal network (FPN) was modulated by the same depression scores in BD. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we observed alterations of large-scale functional brain networks associated with decreased flexibility in cognitive control, salience detection, and emotion processing in BD. Additionally, the present study provides new insights on the neural architecture underlying a self-centered perspective on the environment in BD patients. dFC markers may improve detection, treatment, and follow-up of BD patients and of disabling residual depressive symptoms in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi F Saccaro
- Faculty of Medicine, Psychiatry DepartmentUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
- Psychiatry DivisionGeneva University HospitalGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Julian Gaviria
- Faculty of Medicine, Psychiatry DepartmentUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
- Department of Basic NeurosciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
- Swiss Center for Affective SciencesCampus BiotechGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Dimitri Van De Ville
- Swiss Center for Affective SciencesCampus BiotechGenevaSwitzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Medical InformaticsUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
- Neuro‐X Institute, School of EngineeringEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)GenevaSwitzerland
| | - Camille Piguet
- Faculty of Medicine, Psychiatry DepartmentUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
- Child and Adolescence Psychiatry DivisionGeneva University HospitalGenevaSwitzerland
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Cushnie AK, Tang W, Heilbronner SR. Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109083. [PMID: 37240428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Human neuroimaging has demonstrated the existence of large-scale functional networks in the cerebral cortex consisting of topographically distant brain regions with functionally correlated activity. The salience network (SN), which is involved in detecting salient stimuli and mediating inter-network communication, is a crucial functional network that is disrupted in addiction. Individuals with addiction display dysfunctional structural and functional connectivity of the SN. Furthermore, while there is a growing body of evidence regarding the SN, addiction, and the relationship between the two, there are still many unknowns, and there are fundamental limitations to human neuroimaging studies. At the same time, advances in molecular and systems neuroscience techniques allow researchers to manipulate neural circuits in nonhuman animals with increasing precision. Here, we describe attempts to translate human functional networks to nonhuman animals to uncover circuit-level mechanisms. To do this, we review the structural and functional connections of the salience network and its homology across species. We then describe the existing literature in which circuit-specific perturbation of the SN sheds light on how functional cortical networks operate, both within and outside the context of addiction. Finally, we highlight key outstanding opportunities for mechanistic studies of the SN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana K Cushnie
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 2-164 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Computer Science, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA
| | - Sarah R Heilbronner
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 2-164 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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9
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Sheng D, Pu W, Linli Z, Tian GL, Guo S, Fei Y. Aberrant global and local dynamic properties in schizophrenia with instantaneous phase method based on Hilbert transform. Psychol Med 2023; 53:2125-2135. [PMID: 34588010 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721003895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging functional imaging studies suggest that schizophrenia is associated with aberrant spatiotemporal interaction which may result in aberrant global and local dynamic properties. METHODS We investigated the dynamic functional connectivity (FC) by using instantaneous phase method based on Hilbert transform to detect abnormal spatiotemporal interaction in schizophrenia. Based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, two independent datasets were included, with 114 subjects from COBRE [51 schizophrenia patients (SZ) and 63 healthy controls (HCs)] and 96 from OpenfMRI (36 SZ and 60 HCs). Phase differences and instantaneous coupling matrices were firstly calculated at all time points by extracting instantaneous parameters. Global [global synchrony and intertemporal closeness (ITC)] and local dynamic features [strength of FC (sFC) and variability of FC (vFC)] were compared between two groups. Support vector machine (SVM) was used to estimate the ability to discriminate two groups by using all aberrant features. RESULTS We found SZ had lower global synchrony and ITC than HCs on both datasets. Furthermore, SZ had a significant decrease in sFC but an increase in vFC, which were mainly located at prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, temporal cortex and visual cortex or temporal cortex and hippocampus, forming significant dynamic subnetworks. SVM analysis revealed a high degree of balanced accuracy (85.75%) on the basis of all aberrant dynamic features. CONCLUSIONS SZ has worse overall spatiotemporal stability and extensive FC subnetwork lesions compared to HCs, which to some extent elucidates the pathophysiological mechanism of schizophrenia, providing insight into time-variation properties of patients with other mental illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Sheng
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Weidan Pu
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Mental Health Disorders, Changsha, PR China
- College of Mechatronics and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, PR China
| | - Zeqiang Linli
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Guo-Liang Tian
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Shuixia Guo
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Statistics and Data Science, Hunan Normal University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yu Fei
- School of Statistics and Mathematics, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, PR China
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10
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Bavato F, Esposito F, Dornbierer DA, Zölch N, Quednow BB, Staempfli P, Landolt HP, Seifritz E, Bosch OG. Subacute changes in brain functional network connectivity after nocturnal sodium oxybate intake are associated with anterior cingulate GABA. Cereb Cortex 2023:7086058. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractSodium oxybate (γ-hydroxybutyrate, GHB) is an endogenous GHB/GABAB receptor agonist, clinically used to promote slow-wave sleep and reduce next-day sleepiness in disorders such as narcolepsy and fibromyalgia. The neurobiological signature of these unique therapeutic effects remains elusive. Promising current neuropsychopharmacological approaches to understand the neural underpinnings of specific drug effects address cerebral resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) patterns and neurometabolic alterations. Hence, we performed a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, cross-over pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging study with a nocturnal administration of GHB, combined with magnetic resonance spectroscopy of GABA and glutamate in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). In sum, 16 healthy male volunteers received 50 mg/kg GHB p.o. or placebo at 02:30 a.m. to maximize deep sleep enhancement and multi-modal brain imaging was performed at 09:00 a.m. of the following morning. Independent component analysis of whole-brain rsFC revealed a significant increase of rsFC between the salience network (SN) and the right central executive network (rCEN) after GHB intake compared with placebo. This SN-rCEN coupling was significantly associated with changes in GABA levels in the ACC (pall < 0.05). The observed neural pattern is compatible with a functional switch to a more extrinsic brain state, which may serve as a neurobiological signature of the wake-promoting effects of GHB.
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11
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Zheng K, Li B, Lu H, Wang H, Liu J, Yan B, Friston KJ, Wu Y, Liu J, Zhang X, Liu M, Li L, Qin J, Chen B, Hu D, Li L. Aberrant temporal-spatial complexity of intrinsic fluctuations in major depression. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 273:169-181. [PMID: 35419632 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the brain is highly dynamic; thus, investigation of brain dynamics especially in brain connectivity would provide crucial information that stationary functional connectivity could miss. This study investigated temporal expressions of spatial modes within the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN) and cognitive control network (CCN) using a reliable data-driven co-activation pattern (CAP) analysis in two independent data sets. We found enhanced CAP-to-CAP transitions of the SN in patients with MDD. Results suggested enhanced flexibility of this network in the patients. By contrast, we also found reduced spatial consistency and persistence of the DMN in the patients, indicating reduced variability and stability in individuals with MDD. In addition, the patients were characterized by prominent activation of mPFC. Moreover, further correlation analysis revealed that persistence and transitions of RCCN were associated with the severity of depression. Our findings suggest that functional connectivity in the patients may not be simply attenuated or potentiated, but just alternating faster or slower among more complex patterns. The aberrant temporal-spatial complexity of intrinsic fluctuations reflects functional diaschisis of resting-state networks as characteristic of patients with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaizhong Zheng
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baojuan Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongbing Lu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huaning Wang
- Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Baoyu Yan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Karl J Friston
- The Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Yuxia Wu
- Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Network Center, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengwan Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 27 Tai-Ping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Jian Qin
- Department of Intelligence Science and Technology, College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
| | - Badong Chen
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Dewen Hu
- Department of Intelligence Science and Technology, College of Intelligence Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China.
| | - Lingjiang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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12
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Stoliker D, Novelli L, Vollenweider FX, Egan GF, Preller KH, Razi A. Effective Connectivity of Functionally Anticorrelated Networks Under Lysergic Acid Diethylamide. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:224-232. [PMID: 36270812 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classic psychedelic-induced ego dissolution involves a shift in the sense of self and a blurring of the boundary between the self and the world. A similar phenomenon is identified in psychopathology and is associated with the balance of anticorrelated activity between the default mode network, which directs attention inward, and the salience network, which recruits the dorsal attention network to direct attention outward. METHODS To test whether changes in anticorrelated networks underlie the peak effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), we applied dynamic causal modeling to infer effective connectivity of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans from a study of 25 healthy adults who were administered 100 μg of LSD or placebo. RESULTS We found that inhibitory effective connectivity from the salience network to the default mode network became excitatory, and inhibitory effective connectivity from the default mode network to the dorsal attention network decreased under the peak effect of LSD. CONCLUSIONS The effective connectivity changes we identified may reflect diminution of the functional anticorrelation between resting-state networks that may be a key neural mechanism of LSD and underlie ego dissolution. Our findings suggest that changes to the sense of self and subject-object boundaries across different states of consciousness may depend upon the organized balance of effective connectivity of resting-state networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon Stoliker
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Leonardo Novelli
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Franz X Vollenweider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gary F Egan
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katrin H Preller
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy & Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adeel Razi
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom; CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars Program, CIFAR, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Sánchez C, Moskalewicz M. Kinesthesia and Temporal Experience: On the 'Knitting and Unknitting' Process of Bodily Subjectivity in Schizophrenia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2720. [PMID: 36359562 PMCID: PMC9689052 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes a phenomenological hypothesis that psychosis entails a disturbance of the two-fold process of the indication function of kinesthesia and the presentification function of touch that affects the constitution of bodily subjectivity. Recent functional connectivity studies showed that the increased synchrony between the right anterior insula and the default mode network are associated with psychosis. This association is proposed to be correlated with the disrupted dynamics between the pre-reflective and reflective temporal experience in psychotic patients. The paper first examines the dynamic nature of kinesthesia and the influence touch and vision exert on it, and then the reciprocal influence with temporal experience focusing on the body's cyclic sense of temporality and its impact on physiology and phenomenology. Affectivity and self-affection are considered in their basic bodily expressions mainly through the concepts of responsivity and receptivity. The overall constitutive processes referred to throughout the article are proposed as a roadmap to develop body-based therapeutic work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Sánchez
- Philosophy of Mental Health Unit, Department of Social Sciences and the Humanities, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Moskalewicz
- Philosophy of Mental Health Unit, Department of Social Sciences and the Humanities, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
- Institute of Philosophy, Marie Sklodowska-Curie University, 20-400 Lublin, Poland
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14
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Panula JM, Alho J, Lindgren M, Kieseppä T, Suvisaari J, Raij TT. State-like changes in the salience network correlate with delusion severity in first-episode psychosis patients. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 36:103234. [PMID: 36270161 PMCID: PMC9668644 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Delusions are characteristic of psychotic disorders; however, the brain correlates of delusions remain poorly known. Imaging studies on delusions typically compare images across individuals. Related confounding of inter-individual differences beyond delusions may be avoided by comparing delusional and non-delusional states within individuals. STUDY DESIGN We studied correlations of delusions using intra-subject correlation (intra-SC) and inter-subject correlation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal time series, obtained during a movie stimulus at baseline and follow-up. We included 27 control subjects and 24 first-episode psychosis patients, who were free of delusions at follow-up, to calculate intra-SC between fMRI signals obtained during the two time points. In addition, we studied changes in functional connectivity at baseline and during the one-year follow-up using regions where delusion severity correlated with intra-SC as seeds. RESULTS The intra-SC correlated negatively with the baseline delusion severity in the bilateral anterior insula. In addition, we observed a subthreshold cluster in the anterior cingulate. These three regions constitute the cortical salience network (SN). Functional connectivity between the bilateral insula and the precuneus was weaker in the patients at baseline than in patients at follow-up or in control subjects at any time point. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that intra-SC is a powerful tool to study brain correlates of symptoms and highlight the role of the SN and internetwork dysconnectivity between the SN and the default mode network in delusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan M. Panula
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering and Advanced Magnetic Imaging Center, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland,Corresponding author at: University of Helsinki, Department of Psychiatry, Välskärinkatu 12 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jussi Alho
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering and Advanced Magnetic Imaging Center, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
| | - Maija Lindgren
- Mental Health, Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Kieseppä
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Suvisaari
- Mental Health, Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuukka T. Raij
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland,Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering and Advanced Magnetic Imaging Center, Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland
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15
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Soleimani G, Towhidkhah F, Oghabian MA, Ekhtiari H. DLPFC stimulation alters large-scale brain networks connectivity during a drug cue reactivity task: A tDCS-fMRI study. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:956315. [PMID: 36276607 PMCID: PMC9582757 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.956315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising intervention for reducing craving/consumption in individuals with substance use disorders. However, its exact mechanism of action has not yet been well explored. We aimed to examine the network-based effects of tDCS while people with methamphetamine use disorders (MUDs) were exposed to drug cues. In a randomized, double-blind sham-controlled trial with a crossover design, 15 participants with MUDs were recruited to receive 20 min of active/sham tDCS with an anode/cathode over F4/F3. MRI data, including structural and task-based functional MRI during a standard drug cue-reactivity task, were collected immediately before and after stimulation sessions. Craving scores were also recorded before and after MRI scans. Individualized head models were generated to determine brain regions with strong electric fields (EFs). Using atlas-based parcellation of head models, averaged EFs were extracted from the main nodes of three large-scale networks that showed abnormalities in MUDs; executive control (ECN), default mode (DMN), and ventral attention (VAN) networks. Main nodes with high EF intensity were used as seed regions for task-based functional connectivity (FC) [using generalized psychophysiological interaction (gPPI)] and activity [using a general linear model (GLM)] calculations. Subjective craving showed a significant reduction in immediate craving after active (-15.42 ± 5.42) compared to sham (-1 ± 2.63). In seed-to-whole brain results, the PFC node in ECN showed an enhanced PPI connectivity with precuneus and visual cortex; the cluster center in MNI (6, -84, -12); the PFC node in DMN showed a decreased PPI connectivity with contralateral parietal cortex;(-48, -60, 46). ROI-to-ROI results showed increased PPI connectivity within/between ECN-VAN while connectivity between ECN-DMN decreased. In line with connectivity, functional activity in the right PFC node in DMN decreased after tDCS while activity in PFC nodes of ECN/VAN increased. EF calculations in PFC nodes revealed that EF in DMN was outward, while the direction of EFs was inward in ECN/VAN. This study provides new insight into neural circuitry underlying MUDs that can be modulated by tDCS at the network level and specifically suggests that bilateral tDCS increases cortical excitability in ECN and VAN, while it has opposite effects on DMN that may be related to the direction of EFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Soleimani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Towhidkhah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Farzad Towhidkhah,
| | - Mohammad Ali Oghabian
- Neuroimaging and Analysis Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States,Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States,Hamed Ekhtiari,
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16
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Stoliker D, Egan GF, Friston KJ, Razi A. Neural Mechanisms and Psychology of Psychedelic Ego Dissolution. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:876-917. [PMID: 36786290 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies of psychedelics have advanced our understanding of hierarchical brain organization and the mechanisms underlying their subjective and therapeutic effects. The primary mechanism of action of classic psychedelics is binding to serotonergic 5-HT2A receptors. Agonist activity at these receptors leads to neuromodulatory changes in synaptic efficacy that can have a profound effect on hierarchical message-passing in the brain. Here, we review the cognitive and neuroimaging evidence for the effects of psychedelics: in particular, their influence on selfhood and subject-object boundaries-known as ego dissolution-surmised to underwrite their subjective and therapeutic effects. Agonism of 5-HT2A receptors, located at the apex of the cortical hierarchy, may have a particularly powerful effect on sentience and consciousness. These effects can endure well after the pharmacological half-life, suggesting that psychedelics may have effects on neural plasticity that may play a role in their therapeutic efficacy. Psychologically, this may be accompanied by a disarming of ego resistance that increases the repertoire of perceptual hypotheses and affords alternate pathways for thought and behavior, including those that undergird selfhood. We consider the interaction between serotonergic neuromodulation and sentience through the lens of hierarchical predictive coding, which speaks to the value of psychedelics in understanding how we make sense of the world and specific predictions about effective connectivity in cortical hierarchies that can be tested using functional neuroimaging. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Classic psychedelics bind to serotonergic 5-HT2A receptors. Their agonist activity at these receptors leads to neuromodulatory changes in synaptic efficacy, resulting in a profound effect on information processing in the brain. Here, we synthesize an abundance of brain imaging research with pharmacological and psychological interpretations informed by the framework of predictive coding. Moreover, predictive coding is suggested to offer more sophisticated interpretations of neuroimaging findings by bridging the role between the 5-HT2A receptors and large-scale brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon Stoliker
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health (D.S., G.F.E., A.R.) and Monash Biomedical Imaging (G.F.E., A.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, London, United Kingdom (K.J.F., A.R.); and CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholar, CIFAR, Toronto, Canada (A.R.)
| | - Gary F Egan
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health (D.S., G.F.E., A.R.) and Monash Biomedical Imaging (G.F.E., A.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, London, United Kingdom (K.J.F., A.R.); and CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholar, CIFAR, Toronto, Canada (A.R.)
| | - Karl J Friston
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health (D.S., G.F.E., A.R.) and Monash Biomedical Imaging (G.F.E., A.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, London, United Kingdom (K.J.F., A.R.); and CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholar, CIFAR, Toronto, Canada (A.R.)
| | - Adeel Razi
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health (D.S., G.F.E., A.R.) and Monash Biomedical Imaging (G.F.E., A.R.), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, London, United Kingdom (K.J.F., A.R.); and CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholar, CIFAR, Toronto, Canada (A.R.)
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17
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Smigielski L, Stämpfli P, Wotruba D, Buechler R, Sommer S, Gerstenberg M, Theodoridou A, Walitza S, Rössler W, Heekeren K. White matter microstructure and the clinical risk for psychosis: A diffusion tensor imaging study of individuals with basic symptoms and at ultra-high risk. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 35:103067. [PMID: 35679786 PMCID: PMC9178487 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This DTI cross-sectional study compared UHR, basic symptom & control groups (n = 112). The splenium of UHR individuals exhibited differences in fractional anisotropy (FA). Basic symptoms alone were not associated with white matter microstructure changes. Large differences in FA & radial diffusivity were found in converters to psychosis. Regional FA was inversely correlated with the general psychopathology domain.
Background Widespread white matter abnormalities are a frequent finding in chronic schizophrenia patients. More inconsistent results have been provided by the sparser literature on at-risk states for psychosis, i.e., emerging subclinical symptoms. However, considering risk as a homogenous construct, an approach of earlier studies, may impede our understanding of neuro-progression into psychosis. Methods An analysis was conducted of 3-Tesla MRI diffusion and symptom data from 112 individuals (mean age, 21.97 ± 4.19) within two at-risk paradigm subtypes, only basic symptoms (n = 43) and ultra-high risk (n = 37), and controls (n = 32). Between-group comparisons (involving three study groups and further split based on the subsequent transition to schizophrenia) of four diffusion-tensor-imaging-derived scalars were performed using voxelwise tract-based spatial statistics, followed by correlational analyses with Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes responses. Results Relative to controls, fractional anisotropy was lower in the splenium of the corpus callosum of ultra-high-risk individuals, but only before stringent multiple-testing correction, and negatively correlated with General Symptom severity among at-risk individuals. At-risk participants who transitioned to schizophrenia within 3 years, compared to those that did not transition, had more severe WM differences in fractional anisotropy and radial diffusivity (particularly in the corpus callosum, anterior corona radiata, and motor/sensory tracts), which were even more extensive compared to healthy controls. Conclusions These findings align with the subclinical symptom presentation and more extensive disruptions in converters, suggestive of severity-related demyelination or axonal pathology. Fine-grained but detectable differences among ultra-high-risk subjects (i.e., with brief limited intermittent and/or attenuated psychotic symptoms) point to the splenium as a discrete site of emerging psychopathology, while basic symptoms alone were not associated with altered fractional anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Smigielski
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Philipp Stämpfli
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; MR-Center of the Psychiatric Hospital and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Diana Wotruba
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roman Buechler
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Sommer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; MR-Center of the Psychiatric Hospital and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miriam Gerstenberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anastasia Theodoridou
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wulf Rössler
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karsten Heekeren
- The Zurich Program for Sustainable Development of Mental Health Services (ZInEP), Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy I, LVR-Hospital, Cologne, Germany
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18
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Iraji A, Faghiri A, Fu Z, Kochunov P, Adhikari BM, Belger A, Ford JM, McEwen S, Mathalon DH, Pearlson GD, Potkin SG, Preda A, Turner JA, Van Erp TGM, Chang C, Calhoun VD. Moving beyond the 'CAP' of the Iceberg: Intrinsic connectivity networks in fMRI are continuously engaging and overlapping. Neuroimage 2022; 251:119013. [PMID: 35189361 PMCID: PMC9107614 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging is currently the mainstay of functional neuroimaging and has allowed researchers to identify intrinsic connectivity networks (aka functional networks) at different spatial scales. However, little is known about the temporal profiles of these networks and whether it is best to model them as continuous phenomena in both space and time or, rather, as a set of temporally discrete events. Both categories have been supported by series of studies with promising findings. However, a critical question is whether focusing only on time points presumed to contain isolated neural events and disregarding the rest of the data is missing important information, potentially leading to misleading conclusions. In this work, we argue that brain networks identified within the spontaneous blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal are not limited to temporally sparse burst moments and that these event present time points (EPTs) contain valuable but incomplete information about the underlying functional patterns. We focus on the default mode and show evidence that is consistent with its continuous presence in the BOLD signal, including during the event absent time points (EATs), i.e., time points that exhibit minimum activity and are the least likely to contain an event. Moreover, our findings suggest that EPTs may not contain all the available information about their corresponding networks. We observe distinct default mode connectivity patterns obtained from all time points (AllTPs), EPTs, and EATs. We show evidence of robust relationships with schizophrenia symptoms that are both common and unique to each of the sets of time points (AllTPs, EPTs, EATs), likely related to transient patterns of connectivity. Together, these findings indicate the importance of leveraging the full temporal data in functional studies, including those using event-detection approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Iraji
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
| | - A Faghiri
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Z Fu
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - P Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - B M Adhikari
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - A Belger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - J M Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America; San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - S McEwen
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - D H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America; San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - G D Pearlson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - S G Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - A Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - J A Turner
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - T G M Van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States of America
| | - C Chang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - V D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
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19
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Zhao L, Bo Q, Zhang Z, Chen Z, Wang Y, Zhang D, Li T, Yang N, Zhou Y, Wang C. Altered Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Early Psychosis Between the Salience Network and Visual Network. Neuroscience 2022; 491:166-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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O'Neill A, Dooley N, Healy C, Carey E, Roddy D, Frodl T, O’Hanlon E, Cannon M. Longitudinal grey matter development associated with psychotic experiences in young people. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 3:264-273. [PMID: 37124352 PMCID: PMC10140460 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gray matter abnormalities are observed across the psychosis spectrum. The trajectory of these abnormalities in healthy adolescents reporting subthreshold psychotic experiences (PEs) may provide insight into the neural mechanisms underlying psychotic symptoms. The risk of psychosis and additional psychopathology is even higher among these individuals who also report childhood adversity/DSM-5 diagnoses. Thus, the aims of this longitudinal study were to investigate PE-related volumetric changes in young people, noting any effects of childhood adversity/DSM-5 diagnosis. Methods A total of 211 young people 11 to 13 years of age participated in the initial Adolescent Brain Development study. PE classification was determined by expert consensus at each time point. Participants underwent neuroimaging at 3 time points over 6 years. A total of 76 participants with at least one scan were included in the final sample; 34 who met criteria for PEs at least once across all the time points (PE group) and 42 control subjects. Data from 20 bilateral regions of interest were extracted for linear mixed-effects analyses. Results Right hippocampal volume increased over time in the control group, with no increase in the PE group (p = .00352). DSM-5 diagnosis and childhood adversity were not significantly associated with right hippocampal volume. There was no significant effect of group or interaction in any other region. Conclusions These findings further implicate right hippocampal volumetric abnormalities in the pathophysiology underlying PEs. Furthermore, as suggested by previous studies in those at clinical high risk for psychosis and those with first-episode psychosis, it is possible that these deficits may be a marker for later clinical outcomes.
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Kuhn T, Haroon J, Spivak NM. A Systematic Approach to Neuropsychiatric Intervention: Functional Neuroanatomy Underlying Symptom Domains as Targets for Treatment. FOCUS (AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING) 2022; 20:45-54. [PMID: 35746937 PMCID: PMC9063598 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.20210024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An ever-growing population experiences a wide range of psychopathologies, and there is now more than ever a need for clear differential diagnoses between disorders. Furthering this need is the fact that many psychological, psychiatric, and neurological disorders have overlapping features. Functional neuroimaging has been shown to differentiate not only between the function of different brain structures but also between the roles of these structures in functional networks. The aim of this article is to aid in the goal of parsing out disorders on the basis of specific symptom domains by utilizing the most recent literature on functional networks. Current literature on the role of brain networks in relation to different psychopathological symptom domains is examined and corresponding circuit-based therapies that have been or may be used to treat them are discussed. Research on depression, obsession and compulsions, addiction, anxiety, and psychosis is reviewed. An understanding of networks and their specific dysfunctions opens the possibility of a new form of psychopathological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Kuhn
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences (all authors) and UCLA-Caltech Medical Scientist Training Program (Spivak), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Jonathan Haroon
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences (all authors) and UCLA-Caltech Medical Scientist Training Program (Spivak), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Norman M Spivak
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences (all authors) and UCLA-Caltech Medical Scientist Training Program (Spivak), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
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22
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Mandino F, Vrooman RM, Foo HE, Yeow LY, Bolton TAW, Salvan P, Teoh CL, Lee CY, Beauchamp A, Luo S, Bi R, Zhang J, Lim GHT, Low N, Sallet J, Gigg J, Lerch JP, Mars RB, Olivo M, Fu Y, Grandjean J. A triple-network organization for the mouse brain. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:865-872. [PMID: 34650202 PMCID: PMC9054663 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The triple-network model of psychopathology is a framework to explain the functional and structural neuroimaging phenotypes of psychiatric and neurological disorders. It describes the interactions within and between three distributed networks: the salience, default-mode, and central executive networks. These have been associated with brain disorder traits in patients. Homologous networks have been proposed in animal models, but their integration into a triple-network organization has not yet been determined. Using resting-state datasets, we demonstrate conserved spatio-temporal properties between triple-network elements in human, macaque, and mouse. The model predictions were also shown to apply in a mouse model for depression. To validate spatial homologies, we developed a data-driven approach to convert mouse brain maps into human standard coordinates. Finally, using high-resolution viral tracers in the mouse, we refined an anatomical model for these networks and validated this using optogenetics in mice and tractography in humans. Unexpectedly, we find serotonin involvement within the salience rather than the default-mode network. Our results support the existence of a triple-network system in the mouse that shares properties with that of humans along several dimensions, including a disease condition. Finally, we demonstrate a method to humanize mouse brain networks that opens doors to fully data-driven trans-species comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mandino
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore ,grid.5379.80000000121662407Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Radiology and Bioimaging Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Roël M. Vrooman
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Heidi E. Foo
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Centre for Healthy Brain Aging, CHeBA, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales Medicine, Kensington, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Ling Yun Yeow
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | - Thomas A. W. Bolton
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Neurosurgery Service and Gamma Knife Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Piergiorgio Salvan
- grid.8348.70000 0001 2306 7492Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chai Lean Teoh
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | - Chun Yao Lee
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | - Antoine Beauchamp
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Sarah Luo
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | - Renzhe Bi
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore ,grid.59025.3b0000 0001 2224 0361Centre for Research and Development in Learning, Nanyang Technological University, 61 Nanyang Drive, Level 1, Singapore, 637460 Singapore
| | - Guan Hui Tricia Lim
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201University College London Medical School, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nathaniel Low
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | - Jerome Sallet
- grid.8348.70000 0001 2306 7492Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.457382.fUniv Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, 69500 Bron, France
| | - John Gigg
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jason P. Lerch
- grid.8348.70000 0001 2306 7492Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Rogier B. Mars
- grid.8348.70000 0001 2306 7492Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.5590.90000000122931605Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Malini Olivo
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | - Yu Fu
- grid.452254.00000 0004 0393 4167Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667 Singapore
| | - Joanes Grandjean
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. .,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Hare SM. Hallucinations: A Functional Network Model of How Sensory Representations Become Selected for Conscious Awareness in Schizophrenia. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:733038. [PMID: 34887720 PMCID: PMC8650055 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.733038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hallucinations are conscious perception-like experiences that are a common symptom of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). Current neuroscience evidence suggests several brain areas are involved in the generation of hallucinations including the sensory cortex, insula, putamen, and hippocampus. But how does activity in these regions give rise to aberrant conscious perceptions that seemingly invade ongoing conscious experience? Most existing models assume that sensory representations are sometimes spontaneously activated in the brain, and that these spontaneous activations somehow play a causal role in the generation of hallucinations. Yet, it remains unclear how these representations become selected for conscious processing. No existing theory of hallucinations has specified such a “selection mechanism.” Global Workspace (GW) theorists argue that the brain’s interconnected processors select relevant piece(s) of information for broadcasting to other brain processors, rendering the information accessible to consciousness; this process known as “ignition” is associated with synchronized activity across distributed cortical and subcortical brain regions. Yet, it remains unclear how certain information and representations become selected for conscious processing. While GW theorists maintain that attention plays an important role, they have not delineated a formal “selection mechanism.” This paper specifies a selection mechanism based upon two central hypotheses: (1) a functional network called the “salience network” plays a critical role in selecting sensory representations for conscious broadcast to the GW in normal (healthy) perception; (2) sensory representations become abnormally selected for conscious broadcast to the GW (instead of being filtered out of consciousness) in individuals with SSD that experience hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Hare
- Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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24
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Palaniyappan L, Park MTM, Jeon P, Limongi R, Yang K, Sawa A, Théberge J. Is There a Glutathione Centered Redox Dysregulation Subtype of Schizophrenia? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1703. [PMID: 34829575 PMCID: PMC8615159 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia continues to be an illness with poor outcome. Most mechanistic changes occur many years before the first episode of schizophrenia; these are not reversible after the illness onset. A developmental mechanism that is still modifiable in adult life may center on intracortical glutathione (GSH). A large body of pre-clinical data has suggested the possibility of notable GSH-deficit in a subgroup of patients with schizophrenia. Nevertheless, studies of intracortical GSH are not conclusive in this regard. In this review, we highlight the recent ultra-high field magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies linking GSH to critical outcome measures across various stages of schizophrenia. We discuss the methodological steps required to conclusively establish or refute the persistence of GSH-deficit subtype and clarify the role of the central antioxidant system in disrupting the brain structure and connectivity in the early stages of schizophrenia. We propose in-vivo GSH quantification for patient selection in forthcoming antioxidant trials in psychosis. This review offers directions for a promising non-dopaminergic early intervention approach in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Palaniyappan
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (M.T.M.P.); (J.T.)
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Min Tae M. Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (M.T.M.P.); (J.T.)
| | - Peter Jeon
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Roberto Limongi
- Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (K.Y.); (A.S.)
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (K.Y.); (A.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jean Théberge
- Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; (M.T.M.P.); (J.T.)
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada;
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
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25
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Neural Correlates of Aberrant Salience and Source Monitoring in Schizophrenia and At-Risk Mental States-A Systematic Review of fMRI Studies. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10184126. [PMID: 34575237 PMCID: PMC8468329 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive biases are an important factor contributing to the development and symptom severity of psychosis. Despite the fact that various cognitive biases are contributing to psychosis, they are rarely investigated together. In the current systematic review, we aimed at investigating specific and shared functional neural correlates of two important cognitive biases: aberrant salience and source monitoring. We conducted a systematic search of fMRI studies of said cognitive biases. Eight studies on aberrant salience and eleven studies on source monitoring were included in the review. We critically discussed behavioural and neuroimaging findings concerning cognitive biases. Various brain regions are associated with aberrant salience and source monitoring in individuals with schizophrenia and the risk of psychosis. The ventral striatum and insula contribute to aberrant salience. The medial prefrontal cortex, superior and middle temporal gyrus contribute to source monitoring. The anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus contribute to both cognitive biases, constituting a neural overlap. Our review indicates that aberrant salience and source monitoring may share neural mechanisms, suggesting their joint role in producing disrupted external attributions of perceptual and cognitive experiences, thus elucidating their role in positive symptoms of psychosis. Account bridging mechanisms of these two biases is discussed. Further studies are warranted.
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26
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Nicotine acutely alters temporal properties of resting brain states. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 226:108846. [PMID: 34198131 PMCID: PMC8355138 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotine-dependent individuals have altered activity in neurocognitive networks such as the default mode (DMN), salience (SN) and central executive networks (CEN). One theory suggests that, among chronic tobacco smokers, nicotine abstinence drives more DMN-related internal processing while nicotine replacement suppresses DMN and enhances SN and CEN. Whether acute nicotine impacts network dynamics in non-smokers is, however, unknown. METHODS In a randomized double-blind crossover study, 17 healthy non-smokers (8 females) were administered placebo and nicotine (2-mg lozenge) on two different days prior to collecting resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Previously defined brain states in 462 individuals that spatially overlap with well-characterized resting-state networks including the DMN, SN, and CEN were applied to compute state-specific dynamics at rest: total time spent in state, persistence in each state after entry, and frequency of state transitions. We examined whether nicotine acutely alters these resting-state dynamics. RESULTS A significant drug-by-state interaction emerged; post-hoc analyses clarified that, relative to placebo, nicotine suppressed time spent in a frontoinsular-DMN state (posterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, anterior insula, striatum and orbitofrontal cortex) and enhanced time spent in a SN state (anterior cingulate cortex and insula). No significant findings were observed for persistence and frequency. CONCLUSIONS In non-smokers, nicotine biases resting-state brain function away from the frontoinsular-DMN and toward the SN, which may reduce internally focused cognition and enhance salience processing. While past work suggests nicotine impacts DMN activity, the current work shows nicotinic influences on a specific DMN-like network that has been linked with rumination and depression.
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Aryutova K, Stoyanov D. Pharmaco-Magnetic Resonance as a Tool for Monitoring the Medication-Related Effects in the Brain May Provide Potential Biomarkers for Psychotic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9309. [PMID: 34502214 PMCID: PMC8430741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental hypotheses represent the basic etiological framework for the origin of schizophrenia. Additionally, the dopamine hypothesis, adopted more than two decades ago, has repeatedly asserted the position of dopamine as a pathobiochemical substrate through the action of psychostimulants and neuroleptics on the mesolimbic and mesocortical systems, giving insight into the origin of positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms. Meanwhile, cognitive impairments in schizophrenia remain incompletely understood but are thought to be present during all stages of the disease, as well as in the prodromal, interictal and residual phases. On the other hand, observations on the effects of NMDA antagonists, such as ketamine and phencyclidine, reveal that hypoglutamatergic neurotransmission causes not only positive and negative but also cognitive schizophrenic symptoms. This review aims to summarize the different hypotheses about the origin of psychoses and to identify the optimal neuroimaging method that can serve to unite them in an integral etiological framework. We systematically searched Google scholar (with no concern to the date published) to identify studies investigating the etiology of schizophrenia, with a focus on impaired central neurotransmission. The complex interaction between the dopamine and glutamate neurotransmitter systems provides the long-needed etiological concept, which combines the neurodegenerative hypothesis with the hypothesis of impaired neurodevelopment in schizophrenia. Pharmaco-magnetic resonance imaging is a neuroimaging method that can provide a translation of scientific knowledge about the neural networks and the disruptions in and between different brain regions, into clinically applicable and effective therapeutic results in the management of severe psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Drozdstoy Stoyanov
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Research Institute, Medical University Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
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28
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Dynamics of amygdala connectivity in bipolar disorders: a longitudinal study across mood states. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1693-1701. [PMID: 34099869 PMCID: PMC8280117 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01038-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in activity and connectivity of brain circuits implicated in emotion processing and emotion regulation have been observed during resting-state for different clinical phases of bipolar disorders (BD), but longitudinal investigations across different mood states in the same patients are still rare. Furthermore, measuring dynamics of functional connectivity patterns offers a powerful method to explore changes in the brain's intrinsic functional organization across mood states. We used a novel co-activation pattern (CAP) analysis to explore the dynamics of amygdala connectivity at rest in a cohort of 20 BD patients prospectively followed-up and scanned across distinct mood states: euthymia (20 patients; 39 sessions), depression (12 patients; 18 sessions), or mania/hypomania (14 patients; 18 sessions). We compared them to 41 healthy controls scanned once or twice (55 sessions). We characterized temporal aspects of dynamic fluctuations in amygdala connectivity over the whole brain as a function of current mood. We identified six distinct networks describing amygdala connectivity, among which an interoceptive-sensorimotor CAP exhibited more frequent occurrences during hypomania compared to other mood states, and predicted more severe symptoms of irritability and motor agitation. In contrast, a default-mode CAP exhibited more frequent occurrences during depression compared to other mood states and compared to controls, with a positive association with depression severity. Our results reveal distinctive interactions between amygdala and distributed brain networks in different mood states, and foster research on interoception and default-mode systems especially during the manic and depressive phase, respectively. Our study also demonstrates the benefits of assessing brain dynamics in BD.
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Functional brain network dysfunctions in subjects at high-risk for psychosis: A meta-analysis of resting-state functional connectivity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:90-101. [PMID: 34119524 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although emerging evidence suggests that altered functional connectivity (FC) of large-scale neural networks is associated with disturbances in individuals at high-risk for psychosis, the findings are still far to be conclusive. We conducted a meta-analysis of seed-based resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies that compared individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR), first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia, or subjects who reported psychotic-like experiences with healthy controls. Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria. The MetaNSUE method was used to analyze connectivity comparisons and symptom correlations. Our results showed a significant hypo-connectivity within the salience network (p = 0.012, uncorrected) in the sample of CHR individuals (n = 810). Additionally, we found a positive correlation between negative symptom severity and FC between the default mode network and both the salience network (p < 0.001, r = 0.298) and the central executive network (p = 0.003, r = 0.23) in the CHR group. This meta-analysis lends support for the hypothesis that large-scale network dysfunctions represent a core neural deficit underlying psychosis development.
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Moser DA, Dricu M, Kotikalapudi R, Doucet GE, Aue T. Reduced network integration in default mode and executive networks is associated with social and personal optimism biases. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:2893-2906. [PMID: 33755272 PMCID: PMC8127148 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An optimism bias refers to the belief in good things happening to oneself in the future with a higher likelihood than is justified. Social optimism biases extend this concept to groups that one identifies with. Previous literature has found that both personal and social optimism biases are linked to brain structure and task-related brain function. Less is known about whether optimism biases are also expressed in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC). Forty-two participants completed questionnaires on dispositional personal optimism (which is not necessarily unjustified) and comparative optimism (i.e., whether we see our own future as being rosier than a comparison person's future) and underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. They further undertook an imaginative soccer task in order to assess both their personal and social optimism bias. We tested associations of these data with RSFC within and between 13 networks, using sparse canonical correlation analyses (sCCAs). We found that the primary sCCA component was positively connected to personal and social optimism bias and negatively connected to dispositional personal pessimism. This component was associated with (a) reduced integration of the default mode network, (b) reduced integration of the central executive and salience networks, and (c) reduced segregation between the default mode network and the central executive network. Our finding that optimism biases are linked to RSFC indicates that they may be rooted in neurobiology that exists outside of concurrent tasks. This poses questions as to what the limits of the malleability of such biases may be.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Andreas Moser
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mihai Dricu
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Gaelle Eve Doucet
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Tatjana Aue
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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31
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Abdallah M, Zahr NM, Saranathan M, Honnorat N, Farrugia N, Pfefferbaum A, Sullivan EV, Chanraud S. Altered Cerebro-Cerebellar Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Alcohol Use Disorder: a Resting-State fMRI Study. THE CEREBELLUM 2021; 20:823-835. [PMID: 33655376 PMCID: PMC8413394 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01241-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is widely associated with cerebellar dysfunction and altered cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity (FC) that lead to cognitive impairments. Evidence for this association comes from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) studies that assess time-averaged measures of FC across the duration of a typical scan. This approach, however, precludes the assessment of potentially FC dynamics happening at faster timescales. In this study, using rsfMRI data, we aim at exploring cerebro-cerebellar FC dynamics in AUD patients (N = 18) and age- and sex-matched controls (N = 18). In particular, we quantified group-level differences in the temporal variability of FC between the posterior cerebellum and large-scale cognitive systems, and we investigated the role of the cerebellum in large-scale brain dynamics in terms of the temporal flexibility and integration of its regions. We found that, relative to controls, the AUD group exhibited significantly greater FC variability between the cerebellum and both the frontoparietal executive control (F1,31 = 7.01, p(FDR) = 0.028) and ventral attention (F1,31 = 7.35, p(FDR) = 0.028) networks. Moreover, the AUD group exhibited significantly less flexibility (F1,31 = 8.61, p(FDR) = 0.028) and greater integration (F1,31 = 9.11, p(FDR) = 0.028) in the cerebellum. Finally, in an exploratory analysis, we found distributed changes in the dynamics of canonical large-scale networks in AUD. Overall, this study brings evidence of AUD-related alterations in dynamic FC within major cerebro-cerebellar networks. This pattern has implications for explaining the development and maintenance of this disorder and improving our understating of the cerebellum's involvement in addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majd Abdallah
- Aquitaine Institute of Cognitive and Integrative Neuroscience, UMR CNRS 5287, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Natalie M Zahr
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5723, USA.,Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | | | - Nicolas Honnorat
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5723, USA.,Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | | | - Adolf Pfefferbaum
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5723, USA.,Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Edith V Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305-5723, USA.,Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Sandra Chanraud
- Aquitaine Institute of Cognitive and Integrative Neuroscience, UMR CNRS 5287, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. .,Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Daily Life, EPHE, PSL, Research University, Bordeaux, France.
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Faustino B. Neurocognition applied to psychotherapy: A brief theoretical proposal based on the complex neural network perspective. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT 2021; 29:1626-1633. [PMID: 33645346 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2021.1883615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Impairments on executive functions, attention, memory, and self-perception had been systematically associated and document across several psychological disorders. Individuals with anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders tend to manifest difficulties in response modulation/inhibition, cognitive flexibility, selective attention, updating autobiographical memory patterns, and maintenance in the sense of self and boundaries of others. Difficulties in cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal functions in intrapsychic and interpsychic mental domains may be theoretically related to the maladaptive functioning of several neural networks. Frontal-Parietal Executive Network (FPEN), Salience Network (SN), Amygdaloid-Hippocampal Memory Network (AHMN), and Default Mode-Network (DMN) are four major complex neural pathways associated with these neurocognitive processes, sharing some neuroanatomical elements. These shared elements may support a latent factor that accounts for the common neurocognitive symptomatology across several psychopathological conditions. Based on these preliminary observations a new theoretical neurocognitive syndrome is hypothesized, potentially a productive target for clinical case conceptualization. Several articulations bettween neurocognition and psychotherapy are discussed and a new assessment measure is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Faustino
- Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Alameda da Universidade, Lisboa, Portugal
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33
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Hou Z, Kong Y, Yin Y, Zhang Y, Yuan Y. Identification of first-episode unmedicated major depressive disorder using pretreatment features of dominant coactivation patterns. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 104:110038. [PMID: 32682877 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Identifying neuroimaging features to diagnose major depressive disorder (MDD) and predict treatment response remains challenging. Using the pretreatment dominant coactivation pattern (dCAP) analysis approach, we aimed to identify patients with MDD and predict antidepressant efficacy. Seventy-seven first-episode unmedicated MDD patients and forty-two age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in the study. The dCAP analysis was performed for the reward and default mode network (DMN) to identify the MDD patients from the HCs. The dCAP1 of the left posterior DMN and bilateral anterior DMN were significantly higher in the MDD group than in the HC group (P < .001), and the dCAP1 in the left posterior DMN was positively correlated with the baseline severity of depression (rho = 0.248, P = .030). Besides, the MDD group exhibited significantly higher dCAP1 in the right reward network than the HC group. Further correlation analyses revealed that the transfer probability in the right reward network was positively correlated with the treatment responsivity (r = 0.247, P = .030). Importantly, integrating the dCAPs of the above four subnetworks can effectively identify the patients with MDD (AUC = 0.920, P < .001). The distinct pretreatment features of the dCAP in the subnetwork of the DMN and reward network may serve as potential indicators for individual diagnosis and prediction of antidepressant response in the early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Hou
- Department of Psychosomatics & Psychiatry, Institute of Psychosomatic Medicine, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, The New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Youyong Kong
- Lab of Image Science and Technology, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yingying Yin
- Department of Psychosomatics & Psychiatry, Institute of Psychosomatic Medicine, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuqun Zhang
- Department of Psychosomatics & Psychiatry, Institute of Psychosomatic Medicine, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatics & Psychiatry, Institute of Psychosomatic Medicine, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Ivanov PC. The New Field of Network Physiology: Building the Human Physiolome. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 1:711778. [PMID: 36925582 PMCID: PMC10013018 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2021.711778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Plamen Ch Ivanov
- Keck Laboratory for Network Physiology, Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School and Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Solid State Physics, Sofia, Bulgaria
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35
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Balagué N, Hristovski R, Almarcha M, Garcia-Retortillo S, Ivanov PC. Network Physiology of Exercise: Vision and Perspectives. Front Physiol 2020; 11:611550. [PMID: 33362584 PMCID: PMC7759565 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.611550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The basic theoretical assumptions of Exercise Physiology and its research directions, strongly influenced by reductionism, may hamper the full potential of basic science investigations, and various practical applications to sports performance and exercise as medicine. The aim of this perspective and programmatic article is to: (i) revise the current paradigm of Exercise Physiology and related research on the basis of principles and empirical findings in the new emerging field of Network Physiology and Complex Systems Science; (ii) initiate a new area in Exercise and Sport Science, Network Physiology of Exercise (NPE), with focus on basic laws of interactions and principles of coordination and integration among diverse physiological systems across spatio-temporal scales (from the sub-cellular level to the entire organism), to understand how physiological states and functions emerge, and to improve the efficacy of exercise in health and sport performance; and (iii) to create a forum for developing new research methodologies applicable to the new NPE field, to infer and quantify nonlinear dynamic forms of coupling among diverse systems and establish basic principles of coordination and network organization of physiological systems. Here, we present a programmatic approach for future research directions and potential practical applications. By focusing on research efforts to improve the knowledge about nested dynamics of vertical network interactions, and particularly, the horizontal integration of key organ systems during exercise, NPE may enrich Basic Physiology and diverse fields like Exercise and Sports Physiology, Sports Medicine, Sports Rehabilitation, Sport Science or Training Science and improve the understanding of diverse exercise-related phenomena such as sports performance, fatigue, overtraining, or sport injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natàlia Balagué
- Complex Systems in Sport, INEFC Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Hristovski
- Faculty of Physical Education, Sport and Health, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Maricarmen Almarcha
- Complex Systems in Sport, INEFC Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Garcia-Retortillo
- Complex Systems in Sport, INEFC Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- University School of Health and Sport (EUSES), University of Girona, Girona, Spain
- Keck Laboratory for Network Physiology, Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Plamen Ch. Ivanov
- Keck Laboratory for Network Physiology, Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School and Division of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
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36
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Leptourgos P, Fortier-Davy M, Carhart-Harris R, Corlett PR, Dupuis D, Halberstadt AL, Kometer M, Kozakova E, LarØi F, Noorani TN, Preller KH, Waters F, Zaytseva Y, Jardri R. Hallucinations Under Psychedelics and in the Schizophrenia Spectrum: An Interdisciplinary and Multiscale Comparison. Schizophr Bull 2020; 46:1396-1408. [PMID: 32944778 PMCID: PMC7707069 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The recent renaissance of psychedelic science has reignited interest in the similarity of drug-induced experiences to those more commonly observed in psychiatric contexts such as the schizophrenia-spectrum. This report from a multidisciplinary working group of the International Consortium on Hallucinations Research (ICHR) addresses this issue, putting special emphasis on hallucinatory experiences. We review evidence collected at different scales of understanding, from pharmacology to brain-imaging, phenomenology and anthropology, highlighting similarities and differences between hallucinations under psychedelics and in the schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Finally, we attempt to integrate these findings using computational approaches and conclude with recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pantelis Leptourgos
- Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Martin Fortier-Davy
- Institut Jean Nicod, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Paris France
| | | | - Philip R Corlett
- Department of Psychiatry, Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - David Dupuis
- Department of Anthropology, University of Durham, Durham, UK
| | - Adam L Halberstadt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA
| | - Michael Kometer
- Pharmaco-Neuroimaging and Cognitive-Emotional Processing, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Kozakova
- Department of Applied Neurosciences and Brain Imaging, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Frank LarØi
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Norwegian Center of Excellence for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Katrin H Preller
- Pharmaco-Neuroimaging and Cognitive-Emotional Processing, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flavie Waters
- School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Yuliya Zaytseva
- Department of Applied Neurosciences and Brain Imaging, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Renaud Jardri
- Univ. Lille, INSERM U1172, CHU Lille, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition Centre (LiNC), Plasticity & SubjectivitY team, Lille, France
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Computationnelles, ENS, INSERM U960, PSL Research University, Paris, France
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37
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Identifying neural signatures mediating behavioral symptoms and psychosis onset: High-dimensional whole brain functional mediation analysis. Neuroimage 2020; 226:117508. [PMID: 33157263 PMCID: PMC7836235 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Along the pathway from behavioral symptoms to the development of psychotic disorders sits the multivariate mediating brain. The functional organization and structural topography of large-scale multivariate neural mediators among patients with brain disorders, however, are not well understood. Here, we design a high-dimensional brain-wide functional mediation framework to investigate brain regions that intermediate between baseline behavioral symptoms and future conversion to full psychosis among individuals at clinical high risk (CHR). Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 263 CHR subjects, we extract an α brain atlas and a β brain atlas: the former underlines brain areas associated with prodromal symptoms and the latter highlights brain areas associated with disease onset. In parallel, we identify and separate mediators that potentially positively and negatively mediate symptoms and psychosis, respectively, and quantify the effect of each neural mediator on disease development. Taken together, these results paint a brain-wide picture of neural markers that are potentially mediating behavioral symptoms and the development of psychotic disorders; additionally, they underscore a statistical framework that is useful to uncover large-scale intermediating variables in a regulatory biological system.
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38
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Bolton TA, Morgenroth E, Preti MG, Van De Ville D. Tapping into Multi-Faceted Human Behavior and Psychopathology Using fMRI Brain Dynamics. Trends Neurosci 2020; 43:667-680. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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