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Venditti M, Romano MZ, Boccella S, Haddadi A, Biasi A, Maione S, Minucci S. Type 1 diabetes impairs the activity of rat testicular somatic and germ cells through NRF2/NLRP3 pathway-mediated oxidative stress. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1399256. [PMID: 38818504 PMCID: PMC11137174 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1399256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It is well known that metabolic disorders, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), are often associated with reduced male fertility, mainly increasing oxidative stress and impairing the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis, with consequently altered spermatogenesis and reduced sperm parameters. Herein, using a rat model of T1D obtained by treatment with streptozotocin (STZ), we analyzed several parameters of testicular activity. Methods A total of 10 adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups of five: control and T1D, obtained with a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. After 3 months, the rats were anesthetized and sacrificed; one testis was stored at -80°C for biochemical analysis, and the other was fixed for histological and immunofluorescence analysis. Results The data confirmed that T1D induced oxidative stress and, consequently, alterations in both testicular somatic and germ cells. This aspect was highlighted by enhanced apoptosis, altered steroidogenesis and Leydig cell maturity, and impaired spermatogenesis. In addition, the blood-testis barrier integrity was compromised, as shown by the reduced levels of structural proteins (N-cadherin, ZO-1, occludin, connexin 43, and VANGL2) and the phosphorylation status of regulative kinases (Src and FAK). Mechanistically, the dysregulation of the SIRT1/NRF2/MAPKs signaling pathways was proven, particularly the reduced nuclear translocation of NRF2, affecting its ability to induce the transcription of genes encoding for antioxidant enzymes. Finally, the stimulation of testicular inflammation and pyroptosis was also confirmed, as highlighted by the increased levels of some markers, such as NF-κB and NLRP3. Conclusion The combined data allowed us to confirm that T1D has detrimental effects on rat testicular activity. Moreover, a better comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underlying the association between metabolic disorders and male fertility could help to identify novel targets to prevent and treat fertility disorders related to T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Venditti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Zelinda Romano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Serena Boccella
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Asma Haddadi
- Laboratoire LR11ES41 Génétique Biodiversité et Valorisation des Bio-Ressourcés Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Monastir, Université de Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Alessandra Biasi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
| | - Sergio Minucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
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Abdel-Wahab BA, Zafaar D, Habeeb MS, El-Shoura EAM. Nicorandil mitigates arsenic trioxide-induced lung injury via modulating vital signalling pathways SIRT1/PGC-1α/TFAM, JAK1/STAT3, and miRNA-132 expression. Br J Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38741475 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nicorandil, a selective opener of potassium channels, used to treat angina, has drawn attention for its potential in mitigating lung injury, positioning it as a promising therapeutic approach to treat drug-induced lung toxicity. This study aimed to explore the protective role of nicorandil in arsenic trioxide (ATO)-induced lung injury and to elucidate the underlying mechanistic pathways. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We assessed the effects of nicorandil (15 mg·kg-1, p.o.) in a rat model of pulmonary injury induced by ATO (5 mg·kg-1, i.p.). The assessment included oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory cytokine levels, and other biomarkers, including sirtuin-1, sirtuin-3, STAT3, TFAM, and JAK in lung tissue. Histological examination using H&E staining and molecular investigations using western blotting and PCR techniques were conducted. KEY RESULTS In our model of lung injury, treatment with nicorandil ameliorated pathological changes as seen with H&E staining, reduced tissue levels of toxicity markers, and exerted significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. On a molecular level, treatment with nicorandil down-regulated JAK, STAT3, PPARγ, Nrf2, VEGF, p53, and micro-RNA 132 while up-regulating Sirt1, 3, TFAM, AMPK, and ERR-α in lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The results presented here show nicorandil as a significant agent in attenuating lung injury induced by ATO in a rodent model. Nonetheless, further clinical studies are warranted to strengthen these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basel A Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Zafaar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University of Technology, and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ehab A M El-Shoura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, Egypt
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Kim TY, Kim EN, Jeong GS. Therapeutic Effects of Hinokitiol through Regulating the SIRT1/NOX4 against Ligature-Induced Experimental Periodontitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:550. [PMID: 38790655 PMCID: PMC11118509 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hinokitiol (HKT) is one of the essential oil components found in the heartwood of Cupressaceae plants, and has been reported to have various bioactive effects, including anti-inflammatory effects. However, the improving effect of HKT on periodontitis, which is characterized by periodontal tissue inflammation and alveolar bone loss, has not been clearly revealed. Therefore, we investigated the periodontitis-alleviating effect of HKT and the related molecular mechanisms in human periodontal ligament cells. According to the study results, HKT downregulated SIRT1 and NOX4, which were increased by Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide (PG-LPS) stimulation and were found to regulate pro-inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress through SIRT1/NOX4 signals. Additionally, by increasing the expression of osteogenic makers such as alkaline phosphatase, osteogenic induction of human periodontal ligament (HPDL) cells, which had been reduced by PG-LPS, was restored. Furthermore, we confirmed that NOX4 expression was regulated through regulation of SIRT1 expression with HKT. The in vitro effect of HKT on improving periodontitis was proven using the periodontal inflammation model, which induces periodontal inflammation using ligature, a representative in vivo model. According to in vivo results, HKT alleviated periodontal inflammation and restored damaged alveolar bone in a concentration-dependent manner in the periodontal inflammation model. Through this experiment, the positive effects of HKT on relieving periodontal tissue inflammation and recovering damaged alveolar bone, which are important treatment strategies for periodontitis, were confirmed. Therefore, these results suggest that HKT has potential in the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (T.-Y.K.); (E.-N.K.)
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Islam A, Chang YC, Chen XC, Weng CW, Chen CY, Wang CW, Chen MK, Tikhomirov AS, Shchekotikhin AE, Chueh PJ. Water-soluble 4-(dimethylaminomethyl)heliomycin exerts greater antitumor effects than parental heliomycin by targeting the tNOX-SIRT1 axis and apoptosis in oral cancer cells. eLife 2024; 12:RP87873. [PMID: 38567911 PMCID: PMC10990494 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The antibiotic heliomycin (resistomycin), which is generated from Streptomyces resistomycificus, has multiple activities, including anticancer effects. Heliomycin was first described in the 1960s, but its clinical applications have been hindered by extremely low solubility. A series of 4-aminomethyl derivatives of heliomycin were synthesized to increase water solubility; studies showed that they had anti-proliferative effects, but the drug targets remained unknown. In this study, we conducted cellular thermal shift assays (CETSA) and molecular docking simulations to identify and validate that heliomycin and its water-soluble derivative, 4-(dimethylaminomethyl)heliomycin (designated compound 4-dmH) engaged and targeted with sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) in p53-functional SAS and p53-mutated HSC-3 oral cancer cells. We further addressed the cellular outcome of SIRT1 inhibition by these compounds and found that, in addition to SIRT1, the water-soluble 4-dmH preferentially targeted a tumor-associated NADH oxidase (tNOX, ENOX2). The direct binding of 4-dmH to tNOX decreased the oxidation of NADH to NAD+ which diminished NAD+-dependent SIRT1 deacetylase activity, ultimately inducing apoptosis and significant cytotoxicity in both cell types, as opposed to the parental heliomycin-induced autophagy. We also observed that tNOX and SIRT1 were both upregulated in tumor tissues of oral cancer patients compared to adjacent normal tissues, suggesting their clinical relevance. Finally, the better therapeutic efficacy of 4-dmH was confirmed in tumor-bearing mice, which showed greater tNOX and SIRT1 downregulation and tumor volume reduction when treated with 4-dmH compared to heliomycin. Taken together, our in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that the multifaceted properties of water-soluble 4-dmH enable it to offer superior antitumor value compared to parental heliomycin, and indicated that it functions through targeting the tNOX-NAD+-SIRT1 axis to induce apoptosis in oral cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atikul Islam
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Xiao-Chi Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Weng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Che-Wei Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian HospitalChanghuaTaiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian HospitalChanghuaTaiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
| | | | | | - Pin Ju Chueh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichungTaiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University HospitalTaichungTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medicine, China Medical UniversityTaichungTaiwan
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Jayaraman S, Natararaj S, Veeraraghavan VP. Hesperidin Inhibits Oral Cancer Cell Growth via Apoptosis and Inflammatory Signaling-Mediated Mechanisms: Evidence From In Vitro and In Silico Analyses. Cureus 2024; 16:e53458. [PMID: 38435153 PMCID: PMC10909395 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Oral carcinoma presents a significant health challenge, prompting the need for innovative therapeutic approaches. Elevation of inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), has promoted cellular proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and fostered oral cancer progression through complex signaling pathways. Hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits, is of keen interest in this study as it has been proven to have multiple health benefits through in vivo and in vitro studies. However, the mechanism behind the anticancer activity of hesperidin in oral carcinoma remains obscure. Aim The study aimed to explore the anticancer potential of hesperidin on human oral cancer cells (KB cells) by modulating pro-inflammatory and apoptotic signaling mechanisms. Methods Cancer cell growth inhibitory activity was assessed using the MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay. Gene expression analysis was performed using real-time RT-PCR analysis. In addition, in silico docking analysis was conducted to confirm the binding affinity of hesperidin with pro-inflammatory and apoptosis signaling molecules. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the "t" test. Results Utilizing the MTT assay, a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect of hesperidin was unveiled, with a remarkable IC50 value indicative of its potent inhibition of cell proliferation. Complementing these findings (p<0.05), qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated hesperidin's regulatory influence on key molecular targets within the KB cell line. Hesperidin treatment resulted in a noteworthy reduction in TNF-α, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1-β), IL-6, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) mRNA expression levels (p<0.05), highlighting its inhibitory role in cell proliferation, migration, and inflammation processes. Simultaneously, hesperidin promoted the expression of BAX mRNA (p<0.05), indicating an enhancement in cell death. Molecular docking simulations further revealed robust binding affinities between hesperidin and target proteins, suggesting its potential to disrupt cellular functions and inflammatory signaling pathways in oral cancer cells. Conclusion The cytotoxic effects on the KB cell line and its anti-inflammatory properties position hesperidin as a compelling candidate for further exploration in the quest for effective oral carcinoma treatments. These findings shed light on the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying hesperidin's promise as a therapeutic agent against oral carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD) Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Sathanraj Natararaj
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD) Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD) Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Velpuri P, Patel P, Yazdani A, Abdi A, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Increased Oxidative Stress and Decreased Sirtuin-3 and FOXO3 Expression Following Carotid Artery Intimal Injury in Hyperlipidemic Yucatan Microswine. CARDIOLOGY AND CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2024; 8:33-42. [PMID: 38333571 PMCID: PMC10852345 DOI: 10.26502/fccm.92920355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis as oxidized-low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) contribute to the formation of foam cells and inflammation. Increased immune cell infiltration and oxidative stress induce instability of a plaque. Rupture of the unstable plaque precipitates adverse ischemic events. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in plaque formation and vulnerability, regulating ROS generation may have therapeutic potential. Sirtuins, specifically sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), are antigenic molecules that can reduce oxidative stress by reducing mitochondrial ROS production through epigenetic modulation. Lack of SIRT3 expression is associated with dysregulation of ROS and endothelial function following high-fat high-cholesterol diet. SIRT3 deacetylates FOXO3a (Forkhead transcription factor O subfamily member 3a) and protects mitochondria against oxidative stress which can lead to even further protective anti-oxidizing properties. This study was designed to investigate the association between hyperlipidemia, intimal injury, chronic inflammation, and the expression of NAD-dependent deacetylase SIRT-3, FOXO3, antioxidant genes, and oxidative stress in carotid arteries of hypercholesterolemic Yucatan microswine. We found that intimal injury in hypercholesterolemic state led to increased expression of oxidative stress, inflammation, neointimal hyperplasia, and plaque size and vulnerability, while decreasing anti-oxidative regulatory genes and mediators. The findings suggest that targeting the SIRT3-FOXO3a-oxidative stress pathway will have therapeutic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathosh Velpuri
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Parth Patel
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Armand Yazdani
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Arian Abdi
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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7
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Puopolo T, Chen Y, Ma H, Liu C, Seeram NP. Exploring immunoregulatory properties of a phenolic-enriched maple syrup extract through integrated proteomics and in vitro assays. Food Funct 2024; 15:172-182. [PMID: 38019191 PMCID: PMC11017828 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04026g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Our laboratory has established a comprehensive program to investigate the phytochemical composition and nutritional/medicinal properties of phenolic-enriched maple syrup extract (MSX). Previous studies support MSX's therapeutic potential in diverse disease models, primarily through its anti-inflammatory effects. We recently demonstrated MSX's ability to regulate inflammatory signaling pathways and modulate inflammatory markers and proteins in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peritonitis mouse model. However, MSX's immunoregulatory properties remain unknown. Herein, we investigated MSX's immunoregulatory properties for the first time using an integrated approach, combining data-dependent acquisition (DDA) and data-independent acquisition (DIA) strategies in a proteomic analysis of spleen tissue collected from the aforementioned peritonitis mouse model. Additionally, we conducted immune cell activation assays using macrophages and T lymphocytes. The DIA analysis unveiled a distinctive expression pattern involving three proteins-Krt83, Thoc2, and Vps16-which were present in both the control and MSX-treated groups but absent in the LPS-induced model group. Furthermore, proteins Ppih and Dpp9 exhibited significant reductions in the MSX-treated group. Ingenuity pathway analysis indicated that MSX may modulate several critical signaling pathways, exerting a suppressive effect on immune responses in various cell types involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. Our in vitro cell assays supported findings from the proteomics, revealing that MSX significantly reduced the levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in LPS-stimulated human macrophage cells, as well as the levels of IL-2 in anti-CD3/anti-CD28-induced Jurkat T cells. Taken together, our investigations provide evidence that MSX exerts immune regulatory effects that impact both innate and adaptive immunity, which adds to the data supporting MSX's development as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess Puopolo
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Hang Ma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Navindra P Seeram
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
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8
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Zhang X, Wang C, Zhou Z, Zhang Q. The mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum co-transfer in dental pulp stromal cell promotes pulp injury repair. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13530. [PMID: 37493094 PMCID: PMC10771100 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp injury remains a clinical challenge with limited therapeutic approaches. In the present study, we sought to prove that dental pulp stromal cells (DPSCs) mitochondrial transfer could promote dental pulp injury repair and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondrial contacts have a significant regulatory effect on mitochondrial transfer. Healthy DPSCs were co-cultured directly or indirectly with injured DPSCs in the first molar of 1-2 month SD rats or in vitro. Mitochondrial transfer was observed after 24 h of co-culture using fluorescence microscopy and live cell workstation. After co-culture for 1W, 8-OhdG immunofluorescence, mitochondrial membrane potential and total oxidant status/total antioxidant status were used to detect the mitochondrial function of injured DPSCs before and after mitochondrial transfer. Subsequently, mitochondria-ER co-transfer was regulated by modulating mitochondria-ER binding in healthy DPSCs, and the results of GRP78 and CHOP in DPSCs, and PDI immunofluorescence and haematoxylin and eosin staining of pulp tissue were analysed to clarify the effects of modulating mitochondria-ER co-transfer on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and on pulp injury repair. Fluorescence microscopy and live cell workstation results showed significant mitochondrial transfer between DPSCs. Meanwhile, mitochondrial transfer significantly restored mitochondrial function in injured DPSCs. By modulating mitochondrial-ER binding, the efficiency of mitochondrial transfer between DPSCs was significantly affected and had an impact on ERS in injured cells. Mitochondrial transfer of DPSCs significantly promotes pulpal injury repair and functional recovery of damaged DPSCs, and mitochondrial transfer of DPSCs is regulated by mitochondria-ER binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and RegenerationShanghaiChina
| | - Chunmeng Wang
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and RegenerationShanghaiChina
| | - Zihao Zhou
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and RegenerationShanghaiChina
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of EndodonticsStomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and RegenerationShanghaiChina
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9
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Velpuri P, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Role of sirtuins in attenuating plaque vulnerability in atherosclerosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:51-62. [PMID: 36952068 PMCID: PMC10034899 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04714-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is characterized by the development of intimal plaque, thrombosis, and stenosis of the vessel lumen causing decreased blood flow and hypoxia precipitating angina. Chronic inflammation in the stable plaque renders it unstable and rupture of unstable plaques results in the formation of emboli leading to hypoxia/ischemia to the organs by occluding the terminal branches and precipitate myocardial infarction and stroke. Such delibitating events could be controlled by the strategies that prevent plaque development or plaque stabilization. Despite the use of statins to stabilize plaques, there is a need for novel targets due to continuously increasing cases of cardiovascular events. Sirtuins (SIRTs), a family of signaling proteins, are involved in sustaining genome integrity, DNA damage response and repair, modulating oxidative stress, aging, inflammation, and energy metabolism. SIRTs play a critical role in modulating inflammation and involves in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The role of SIRTs in relation to atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability is scarcely discussed in the literature. Since SIRTs regulate oxidative stress, inflammation, and aging, they may also regulate plaque progression and vulnerability as these molecular mechanisms underlie the pathogenesis of plaque development, progression, and vulnerability. This review critically discusses the role of SIRTs in plaque progression and vulnerability and the possibility of targeting SIRTs to attenuate plaque rupture, focusing on the highlights in genomics, molecular pathways, and cell types involved in the underlying pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathosh Velpuri
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766-1854, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766-1854, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766-1854, USA.
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Hung SY, Chen JL, Tu YK, Tsai HY, Lu PH, Jou IM, Mbuyisa L, Lin MW. Isoliquiritigenin inhibits apoptosis and ameliorates oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis chondrocytes through the Nrf2/HO-1-mediated pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116006. [PMID: 38091640 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition known for its irreversible destructive impact on the joints. Chondrocytes play a pivotal role in the production and maintenance of the cartilage matrix. However, the presence of inflammatory cytokines can hinder chondrocyte proliferation and promote apoptosis. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a flavonoid, potentially exerts protective effects against various inflammatory diseases. However, its specific role in regulating the nuclear factor E2-associated factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway in chondrocytes in RA remains unclear. To investigate this, this study used human chondrocytes and Sprague-Dawley rats to construct in vitro and in vivo RA models, respectively. The study findings reveal that cytokines markedly induced oxidative stress, the activation of matrix metalloproteinases, and apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, ISL treatment significantly mitigated these effects. Moreover, Nrf2 or HO-1 inhibitors reversed the protective effects of ISL, attenuated the expression of Nrf2/HO-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-coactivator-1α, and promoted chondrocyte apoptosis. This finding indicates that ISL primarily targets the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in RA chondrocytes. Moreover, ISL treatment led to improved behavior scores, reduced paw thickness, and mitigated joint damage as well as ameliorated oxidative stress in skeletal muscles in an RA rat model. In conclusion, this study highlights the pivotal role of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in the protective effects of ISL and demonstrates the potential of ISL as a treatment option for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Ya Hung
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Division of Surgery, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Lung Chen
- Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Kun Tu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/ E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hsuan Lu
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/ E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Jou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lulekiwe Mbuyisa
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital/ E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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11
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Balaha MF, Alamer AA, Aldossari RM, Aodah AH, Helal AI, Kabel AM. Amentoflavone Mitigates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Pulmonary Toxicity: Involvement of -SIRT-1/Nrf2/Keap1 Axis, JAK-2/STAT-3 Signaling, and Apoptosis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2119. [PMID: 38138222 PMCID: PMC10744450 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is an alkylating agent that is used for the management of various types of malignancies and as an immunosuppressive agent for the treatment of immunological disorders. However, its use is limited by its potential to cause a wide range of pulmonary toxicities. Amentoflavone (AMV) is a flavonoid that had proven efficacy in the treatment of disease states in which oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis may play a pathophysiologic role. This study investigated the potential ameliorative effects of the different doses of AMV on CPA-induced pulmonary toxicity, with special emphasis on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and apoptosis-modulating effects. Materials and methods: In a rat model of CPA-induced pulmonary toxicity, the effect of AMV at two dose levels (50 mg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day) was investigated. The total and differential leucocytic counts, lactate dehydrogenase activity, and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were estimated. Also, the levels of oxidative stress parameters, sirtuin-1, Keap1, Nrf2, JAK2, STAT3, hydroxyproline, matrix metalloproteinases 3 and 9, autophagy markers, and the cleaved caspase 3 were assessed in the pulmonary tissues. In addition, the histopathological and electron microscopic changes in the pulmonary tissues were evaluated. Results: AMV dose-dependently ameliorated the pulmonary toxicities induced by CPA via modulation of the SIRT-1/Nrf2/Keap1 axis, mitigation of the inflammatory and fibrotic events, impaction of JAK-2/STAT-3 axis, and modulation of the autophagic and apoptotic signals. Conclusions: AMV may open new horizons towards the mitigation of the pulmonary toxicities induced by CPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F. Balaha
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Gish Street, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Alamer
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana M. Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alhussain H. Aodah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza I. Helal
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Kabel
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, El-Gish Street, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- National Committee of Drugs, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT), Ministry of Higher Education, Cairo 11694, Egypt
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12
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Cai H, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Dai J, Si W, Fu Q, Yang J, Tian Y. Morinda officinalis polysaccharides inhibit the expression and activity of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 in inflammatory periodontal ligament cells by upregulating silent information regulator sirtuin 1. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2023; 41:662-670. [PMID: 38597031 PMCID: PMC10722461 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2023114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the effect of morinda officinalis polysaccharides (MOP) in inflammatory microenvironment on the expression of silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) in periodontal ligament cells. METHODS Thirty rats were randomly divided into control group (n=6) and model group (n=24). The model group used orthodontic wire ligation to establish periodontitis, and six rats from each group were killed after 3 weeks. The successful modeling was confirmed by Micro-CT. The remaining rats in the model group were randomly divided into natural recovery group, normal saline (NS) group, and MOP group. In the MOP group, MOP [200 mg/(kg·3d), 50 µL for 4 weeks] was injected into the palatal side of the left maxillary first molar of the rats, while the NS group was injected with equal volume of NS. The natural recovery group did not undergo any treatment. The left maxilla tissues of the rats were collected, and pathological changes in perio-dontal ligament cells were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression of SIRT1 and NLRP3 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Cultivate periodontal ligament fibroblasts in vitro and detect the effect of MOP on cell activity using CCK-8. The 4th generation cells were divided into control group, inflammation group (10 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide), and experimental group (5 µmol/L MOP, 5 µmol/L MOP+10 µg/mL lipopolysaccharide). The expression of SIRT1 and NLRP3 was detected by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analyses. The acetylation of NLRP3 and the contents of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were detected by immunoprecipitation and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Statistical analysis of data was conducted using Prism 9.0 software. RESULTS In the vivo experiments, the expression of NLRP3 and SIRT1 in the MOP group decreased significantly compared with that in the natural recovery group and NS group, while the expression of SIRT1 increased (P<0.05) and inflammatory cell infiltration decreased. In the in vitro experiments, the expression of NLRP3 mRNA and protein in the inflammation group increased (P<0.05), while the expression of SIRT1 significantly decreased (P<0.01); MOP upregulated the expression of SIRT1 in inflammatory cells (P<0.05), reduced the expression of NLRP3 and its acetylation level significantly (P<0.05), suppressed the content of IL-1β and IL-18 in the supernatant (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The SIRT1 expression decreased, and that of NLRP3 expression increased in inflammatory periodontal ligament cells. MOP intervention promoted SIRT1 expression, resulting in the inhibition of NLRP3. Meanwhile, the acetylation level of NLRP3 reduced through deacetylation, leading to the decreased activity of NLRP3. Thus, MOP acted as inflammatory suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxuan Cai
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Zheng'an Wang
- Dept. of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Zan Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Jingyi Dai
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Weixing Si
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Qiya Fu
- School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Yaguang Tian
- Dept. of Stomatology, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, China
- Dept. of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou 570100, China
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13
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Falvo S, Minucci S, Santillo A, Senese R, Chieffi Baccari G, Venditti M. A short-term high-fat diet alters rat testicular activity and blood-testis barrier integrity through the SIRT1/NRF2/MAPKs signaling pathways. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1274035. [PMID: 38027181 PMCID: PMC10643185 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1274035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Overweight/obesity are metabolic disorder resulting from behavioral, environmental, and heritable causes. WHO estimates that 50% of adults and 30% of children and adolescents are overweight or obese, and, in parallel, an ongoing decline in sperm quality and male fertility has been described. Numerous studies demonstrated the intimate association between overweight/obesity and reproductive dysfunction due to a highly intricate network of causes not yet completely understood. This study expands the knowledge on the impact of a short-term high-fat diet (st-HFD) on rat testicular activity, specifically on steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis, focusing on the involved molecular mechanisms related to mitochondrial dynamics, blood-testis barrier (BTB) integrity, and SIRT1/NRF2/MAPKs pathways. Methods Ten adult Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups of five and treated with a standard diet or an HFD for five weeks. At the end of the treatment, rats were anesthetized and sacrificed by decapitation. Blood was collected for serum sex hormone assay; one testis was stored at -80ÅãC for western blot analysis, and the other, was fixed for histological and immunofluorescence analysis. Results Five weeks of HFD results in reduced steroidogenesis, increased apoptosis of spermatogenic cells, and altered spermatogenesis, as highlighted by reduced protein levels ofmeiotic and post-meiotic markers. Further, we evidenced the compromission of the BTB integrity, as revealed by the downregulation of structural proteins (N-Cadherin, ZO-1, occludin, connexin 43, and VANGL2) other than the phosphorylation of regulative kinases (Src and FAK). At the molecular level, the impairment of mitochondrial dynamics (fission, fusion, andbiogenesis), and the dysregulation of the SIRT1/NRF2/MAPKs signaling pathways, were evidenced. Interestingly, no change was observed in the levels of pro-inflammatory markers (TNFα, NF-kB, and IL-6). Conclusions The combined data led us to confirm that overweight is a less severe state than obesity. Furthermore, understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the association between metabolic disorders and male fertility could improve the possibility of identifying novel targets to prevent and treat fertility disorders related to overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Falvo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Caserta, Italy
| | - Sergio Minucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez. Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Santillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Caserta, Italy
| | - Gabriella Chieffi Baccari
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Caserta, Italy
| | - Massimo Venditti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sez. Fisiologia Umana e Funzioni Biologiche Integrate, Università degli Studi della Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Napoli, Italy
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14
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Yousef H, Khandoker AH, Feng SF, Helf C, Jelinek HF. Inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the progression of type II diabetes mellitus with coexisting hypertension. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1173402. [PMID: 37383391 PMCID: PMC10296202 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1173402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder that poses a serious health concern worldwide due to its rising prevalence. Hypertension (HT) is a frequent comorbidity of T2DM, with the co-occurrence of both conditions increasing the risk of diabetes-associated complications. Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) have been identified as leading factors in the development and progression of both T2DM and HT. However, OS and inflammation processes associated with these two comorbidities are not fully understood. This study aimed to explore changes in the levels of plasma and urinary inflammatory and OS biomarkers, along with mitochondrial OS biomarkers connected to mitochondrial dysfunction (MitD). These markers may provide a more comprehensive perspective associated with disease progression from no diabetes, and prediabetes, to T2DM coexisting with HT in a cohort of patients attending a diabetes health clinic in Australia. Methods Three-hundred and eighty-four participants were divided into four groups according to disease status: 210 healthy controls, 55 prediabetic patients, 32 T2DM, and 87 patients with T2DM and HT (T2DM+HT). Kruskal-Wallis and χ2 tests were conducted between the four groups to detect significant differences for numerical and categorical variables, respectively. Results and discussion For the transition from prediabetes to T2DM, interleukin-10 (IL-10), C-reactive protein (CRP), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), humanin (HN), and p66Shc were the most discriminatory biomarkers, generally displaying elevated levels of inflammation and OS in T2DM, in addition to disrupted mitochondrial function as revealed by p66Shc and HN. Disease progression from T2DM to T2DM+HT indicated lower levels of inflammation and OS as revealed through IL-10, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), 8-OHdG and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels, most likely due to antihypertensive medication use in the T2DM +HT patient group. The results also indicated better mitochondrial function in this group as shown through higher HN and lower p66Shc levels, which can also be attributed to medication use. However, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels appeared to be independent of medication, providing an effective biomarker even in the presence of medication use. The results of this study suggest that a more comprehensive review of inflammation and OS biomarkers is more effective in discriminating between the stages of T2DM progression in the presence or absence of HT. Our results further indicate the usefulness of medication use, especially with respect to the known involvement of inflammation and OS in disease progression, highlighting specific biomarkers during disease progression and therefore allowing a more targeted individualized treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hibba Yousef
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahsan H. Khandoker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Samuel F. Feng
- Department of Science and Engineering, Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Charlotte Helf
- Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Herbert F. Jelinek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Biotechnology Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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15
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Pamplona R, Jové M, Gómez J, Barja G. Whole organism aging: Parabiosis, inflammaging, epigenetics, and peripheral and central aging clocks. The ARS of aging. Exp Gerontol 2023; 174:112137. [PMID: 36871903 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The strong interest shown in the study of the causes of aging in recent decades has uncovered many mechanisms that could contribute to the rate of aging. These include mitochondrial ROS production, DNA modification and repair, lipid peroxidation-induced membrane fatty acid unsaturation, autophagy, telomere shortening rate, apoptosis, proteostasis, senescent cells, and most likely there are many others waiting to be discovered. However, all these well-known mechanisms work only or mainly at the cellular level. Although it is known that organs within a single individual do not age at exactly the same rate, there is a well-defined species longevity. Therefore, loose coordination of aging rate among the different cells and tissues is needed to ensure species lifespan. In this article we focus on less known extracellular, systemic, and whole organism level mechanisms that could loosely coordinate aging of the whole individual to keep it within the margins of its species longevity. We discuss heterochronic parabiosis experiments, systemic factors distributed through the vascular system like DAMPs, mitochondrial DNA and its fragments, TF-like vascular proteins, and inflammaging, as well as epigenetic and proposed aging clocks situated at different levels of organization from individual cells to the brain. These interorgan systems can help to determine species longevity as a further adaptation to the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), E25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), E25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - José Gómez
- Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, ESCET, Rey Juan Carlos University, E28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Barja
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), E28040 Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Li G, Qin H, Zhou M, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Ding H, Xu L, Song J. Knockdown of SIRT3 perturbs protective effects of irisin against bone loss in diabetes and periodontitis. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 200:11-25. [PMID: 36863620 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
A well-recognized risk factor for periodontitis, diabetes mellitus (DM) aggravates periodontal disease with increasing alveolar bone loss. As a novel myokine, irisin is closely linked with bone metabolism. Nonetheless, the effects of irisin on periodontitis under diabetic conditions and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we showed that local irisin treatment ameliorates alveolar bone loss and oxidative stress, increases SIRT3 expression within periodontal tissues of our experimentally-induced diabetes and periodontitis (DP) rat models. By culturing the periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) in vitro, we found that irisin could partially rescue inhibited cell viability, mitigate accumulated intracellular oxidative stress, ameliorate mitochondrial dysfunctions, and restore disturbed osteogenic and osteoclastogenic capacities of PDLCs when exposed to high glucose and pro-inflammatory stimulation. Furthermore, lentivirus-mediated SIRT3 knockdown was employed to unravel the underlying mechanism by which SIRT3 mediated irisin's beneficial effects on PDLCs. Meanwhile, in SIRT3-deficient mice, irisin treatment did not protect against alveolar bone destruction and oxidative stress accumulation in DP models, which underlined the crucial role of SIRT3 in mediating the positive effects of irisin on DP. Our findings, for the first time, revealed that irisin attenuates alveolar bone loss and oxidative stress via activation of the SIRT3 signaling cascade, and highlighted its therapeutic potential for the treatment of DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyue Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China; College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Qin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China; College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengjiao Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China; College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China; College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China; College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huifen Ding
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China; College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China; College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China; College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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17
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Parveen S, Alhazmi YA. Impact of Intermittent Fasting on Metabolic Syndrome and Periodontal Disease-A Suggested Preventive Strategy to Reduce the Public Health Burden. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192114536. [PMID: 36361416 PMCID: PMC9657467 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence continues to climb significantly worldwide in today's ad libitum society. MetS has tremendous societal and economic ramifications, making it imperative to develop effective strategies for preventing and controlling it to alleviate this growing burden. Periodontal disease and MetS are associated with several risk factors. Studies in the past have demonstrated that obesity, cardiovascular illness, and type 2 diabetes mellitus have a negative effect on the severity of the periodontal disease. Patients with metabolic syndrome have elevated serum levels of proinflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein. Similar inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and C-reactive protein, are increased in patients with severe periodontal disease. Remarkably, intermittent fasting is underpinned by scientific evidence, claiming to be the most effective non-pharmacological, potential therapeutic alternative for combating a wide range of metabolic, inflammatory, and lifestyle-related diseases. Nonetheless, an insufficient investigation has been performed to determine whether intermittent fasting has therapeutic benefits on periodontal inflammation and diseases. Here, we show the interrelationship between metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease and contextualize the beneficial impact of intermittent fasting in modulating the chronic metabolic and periodontal inflammatory response. We also anticipate that this review paves the way for further exploration of intermittent fasting as a unique research paradigm representing a cost-effective alternative strategy to conventional disease management in patients with periodontal diseases and metabolic syndrome which may serve as the foundation for an integrative vision relevant to primary, diagnostic, and therapeutic purposes.
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