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Husna, Kim BE, Won MH, Jeong MI, Oh KK, Park DS. Characterization and genomic insight of surfactin-producing Bacillus velezensis and its biocontrol potential against pathogenic contamination in lettuce hydroponics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:121487-121500. [PMID: 37950785 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30871-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to food borne pathogen, maintaining the viability of fresh fruits and vegetable is a great concern. Several strategies including microbial and plant-based formulations to reduce their infection and maintain quality of the fresh food are in practice. Currently, Bacillus has gained significant traction as a biocontrol agent for regulating diseases affecting a variety of agricultural and horticultural crops. Food-grade citric acid and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were used as antimicrobial agent, MIC results showed that PGPR (14.87 mm) and CA (20.25 mm) exhibited notable antimicrobial activity against E. coli. Lettuce treated with PGPR showed reduction in E. coli contamination, E. coli was detected at 3.30, 3.68 in control, and 2.7 log CFU/g in random root injury lettuce inoculated with PGPR KACC 21110 respectively. Random root injury showed a trend toward increasing E. coli internalization. The strains exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, including Imipenem, tetracycline, ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, and ceftriaxone. Comprehensive data analysis revealed the presence of ten putative bacteriocin or bacteriocin-like gene clusters. The structure of lipopeptide homologs was characterized by using QTOF-MS/MS. The mass ion peaks attributed to surfactin homologs, surfactin A ion at m/z 1008.66, surfactin B, C at m/z 1022.67 and 1036.69. In addition to surfactin, a polyketide oxydifficidin and lipopeptide NO were extracted and detected from the extract of B. velezensis. Both isolates are key biocontrol agents and have significant potential in combating foodborne pathogens and can be utilized to explore novel antibacterial products for preventing pathogens in fresh produce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husna
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Kim
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myeong-Hee Won
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-In Jeong
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Kyo Oh
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Suk Park
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
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Nematicidal lipopeptides from Bacillus paralicheniformis and Bacillus subtilis: A comparative study. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1537-1549. [PMID: 36719435 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12391-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a comparative study between Bacillus paralicheniformis TB197 and B. subtilis ATCC 21332 strains in terms of growth, cyclic lipopeptide production, nematicidal activity, and active lipopeptide characteristics. Crude lipopeptide extracts (CLEs) from their fermentation broths were obtained, and their nematicidal activity (NA) was estimated as the mean lethal dose (LD50), employing Caenorhabditis elegans. Using a bioguided approach, CLE components were fractionated by semipreparative thin layer chromatography, and active lipopeptides were characterized by mass spectrometry. Both strains produced similar concentrations of CLEs (p ≥ 0.05) (0.99 ± 0.11 and 1.14 ± 0.15 mg/mL by TB197 and ATCC 21332, respectively). The estimated LD50 values of CLEs from the TB197 and ATCC 21332 strains were 3.88 and 8.15 mg/mL, respectively, showing that the NA of the TB197 strain CLE was 2.1-fold higher (p ≤ 0.05). Mass spectrometry revealed that strain TB197 synthesizes several families of lipopeptides, namely, fengycin A (C14-C17), fengycin B (C16-C17), surfactin (C15-C17), and lichenysin (C12, C13, C14, and C16), from which fengycins and lichenysins possess the highest NA (100 and 60% mortality in C. elegans larvae, respectively), while the ATCC 21332 strain produces mainly surfactin (C13-C17) (NA 63% mortality). The main differences found in this study were that the TB197 strain has a higher tolerance to inhibition by the product, and the lipopeptides they synthesize have a higher nematicidal activity due to the diversity of families compared to ATCC 21332. Likewise, it was shown that more polar lipopeptides (fengycins) are more effective at causing mortality in C. elegans larvae. KEY POINTS: • The nematicidal activity of lipopeptides from TB197 is higher than from ATCC 21332 • TB197 produces surfactin, lichenysin, and fengycin, while ATCC 21332 mainly produces surfactin • The most polar lipopeptides (fengycins) cause more mortality in C. elegans L2.
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Abstract
The genus Bacillus has been widely applied in contemporary agriculture as an environmentally-friendly biological agent. However, the real effect of commercial Bacillus-based fertilizers and pesticides varies immensely in the field. To harness Bacillus for efficient wheat production, we reviewed the diversity, functionality, and applicability of wheat-associated native Bacillus for the first time. Our main findings are: (i) Bacillus spp. inhabit the rhizosphere, root, stem, leaf, and kernel of wheat; (ii) B. subtilis and B. velezensis are the most widely endophytic species that can be isolated from both below and aboveground tissues; (iii) major functions of these representative strains are promotion of plant growth and alleviation of both abiotic and biotic stresses in wheat; (iv) stability and effectiveness are 2 major challenges during field application; (v) a STVAE pipeline that includes 5 processes, namely, Screen, Test, Validation, Application, and Evaluation, has been proposed for the capture and refinement of wheat-associated Bacillus spp. In particular, this review comprehensively addresses possible solutions, concerns, and criteria during the development of native Bacillus-based inoculants for sustainable wheat production.
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Antifungal Activity of Mycogenic Silver Nanoparticles on Clinical Yeasts and Phytopathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12010091. [PMID: 36671292 PMCID: PMC9854715 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, seven different silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were obtained using the fungi species from the phylum Ascomycota, Aspergillus tubingensis, Aspergillus spp., Cladosporium pini-ponderosae, Fusarium proliferatum, Epicoccum nigrum, Exserohilum rostratum, and Bionectria ochroleuca, isolated from the Brazilian biodiversity, particularly from the mangrove and Caatinga biomes. The nanoparticles were coded as AgNP-AT, AgNP-Asp, AgNP-CPP, AgNP-FP, AgNP-EN, AgNP-ER, and AgNP-BO and characterized using spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, transmission electron microcopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. All the AgNPs presented homogeneous size in the range from 43.4 to 120.6 nm (DLS) and from 21.8 to 35.8 nm (TEM), pH from 4.5 to 7.5, negative charge, and presence of protein coating on their surface. The antifungal activity of the AgNPs was evaluated on clinical strains of Candida albicans, and on the non-albicans species, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Candida tropicalis, and Candida guilliermondii, common in hospital infections, and against the phytopathogens Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium phaseoli, Fusarium sacchari, Fusarium subglutinans, Fusarium verticillioides, and Curvularia lunata, which are species responsible for serious damage to agriculture production. The AgNPs were effective against the yeasts with MICs ranging from 1.25 to 40 µM and on the phytopathogens with MICs from 4 to 250 µM, indicating the promising possibility of application of these AgNPs as antifungal agents. The results indicated that the physicochemical parameters of the AgNPs, including the functional groups present on their surface, interfered with their antifungal activity. Overall, the results indicate that there is no specificity of the AgNPs for the yeasts or for the phytopathogens, which can be an advantage, increasing the possibility of application in different areas.
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Luan P, Yi Y, Huang Y, Cui L, Hou Z, Zhu L, Ren X, Jia S, Liu Y. Biocontrol potential and action mechanism of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens DB2 on Bipolaris sorokiniana. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1149363. [PMID: 37125175 PMCID: PMC10135310 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1149363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bipolaris sorokiniana is the popular pathogenic fungi fungus which lead to common root rot and leaf spot on wheat. Generally, chemical fungicides are used to control diseases. However, the environmental pollution resulting from fungicides should not be ignored. It is important to study the mode of antagonistic action between biocontrol microbes and plant pathogens to design efficient biocontrol strategies. Results An antagonistic bacterium DB2 was isolated and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The inhibition rate of cell-free culture filtrate (CF, 20%, v/v) of DB2 against B. sorokiniana reached 92.67%. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the CF significantly altered the mycelial morphology of B. sorokiniana and disrupted cellular integrity. Fluorescence microscopy showed that culture filtrate destroyed mycelial cell membrane integrity, decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and nuclear damage which caused cell death in B. sorokiniana. Moreover, the strain exhibited considerable production of protease and amylase, and showed a significant siderophore and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. In the detached leaves and potted plants control assay, B. amyloliquefacien DB2 had remarkable inhibition activity against B. sorokiniana and the pot control efficacy was 75.22%. Furthermore, DB2 suspension had a significant promotion for wheat seedlings growth. Conclusion B. amyloliquefaciens DB2 can be taken as a potential biocontrol agent to inhibit B. sorokiniana on wheat and promote wheat growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Luan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanjie Yi
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanjie Yi,
| | - Yifan Huang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liuqing Cui
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Hou
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Zhu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiujuan Ren
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shao Jia
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou, China
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Xu X, Cheng Y, Fang Z, Yin J, Shen H, Ma D. Identification and utilization of a new Bacillus amyloliquefaciens XY-1 against Fusarium head blight. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1055213. [PMID: 36531390 PMCID: PMC9748426 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1055213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a global wheat grain disease caused by Fusarium graminearum. Biological control of FHB is considered to be an alternative disease management strategy that is environmentally benign, durable, and compatible with other control measures. In this study, to screen antagonistic bacteria with the potential to against FHB, 45 strains were isolated from different tissues of wheat. Among them, seven strains appeared to effectively inhibit F. graminearum growth, the antagonistic bacterium named XY-1 showed a highly antagonistic effect against FHB using dual culture assays. The strain XY-1 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by 16S rDNA sequence. Antibiotic tolerance of antagonistic bacteria showed that XY-1 had antagonistic activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Alternaria alternata. Nutrition tests showed that the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources were glucose and beef extract, respectively. The optimum growth temperature and pH value were 28 ℃ and 7.4. Antibiotics tolerance cultivation showed that XY-1 had strong resistance to Chloramphenicol and Ampicillin. Wheat spikes inoculation antagonism tests showed that strain XY-1 displayed strong antifungal activity against F. graminearum. Our study laid a theoretical foundation for the application of strain XY-1 as a biological agent in the field to control FHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, China
| | - Yifan Cheng
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, China
| | - Zhengwu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Junliang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Huiquan Shen
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yancheng, China
| | - Dongfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Lee D, Oh T, Kang B, Ahn JS, Cho Y. Throughput screening of Bacillus subtilis strains that abundantly secrete surfactin in vitro identifies effective probiotic candidates. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277412. [PMID: 36417387 PMCID: PMC9683610 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the prohibition of antibiotics as animal growth promoters, demand for effective probiotic strains has steadily increased. The goal is to maintain productivity and mitigate environmental concerns in the livestock industry. There are many probiotic animal-diet supplements available, over 2,000 products in the Republic of Korea alone, with little explanation about the desirable properties of each probiotic strain. The purpose of this study was to describe the underlying logic and methods used to select two novel strains of probiotic candidates. To economically screen these candidates, the abundance of surfactin secreted was used as an in vitro marker. We used a modified oil-misting method to screen ~2,000 spore-forming bacteria for novel strains of Bacillus subtilis. Of these, 18 strains were initially selected based on the semiquantitative criterion that they secreted more surfactin than B. subtilis ATCC21322 on Luria-Berani (LB) agar plates. The whole genome sequence was determined for two of the 18 strains to verify their identity. A phylogeny of 1,162 orthologous genes, genome contents, and genome organization confirmed them as novel strains. The surfactin profiles produced by these two strains consisted of at least four isoforms similar to standard surfactin and enhanced cellulase activities up to 50%. Four fractionated individual isoforms of surfactin suppressed inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharides. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was about 20 μM for each isoform. Both selected strains were susceptible to seven important antibiotics. Our results implied that an abundant secretion of surfactin was a useful biomarker in vitro and could be utilized for mining probiotic candidates through high-throughput screening of environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongho Lee
- Molpaxbio, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehoon Oh
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jong Seok Ahn
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (YC); (JSA)
| | - Yangrae Cho
- ProxEnrem, Osong-eup, Chungju-si, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (YC); (JSA)
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Bertuzzi T, Leni G, Bulla G, Giorni P. Reduction of Mycotoxigenic Fungi Growth and Their Mycotoxin Production by Bacillus subtilis QST 713. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14110797. [PMID: 36422971 PMCID: PMC9694810 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14110797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of chemical pesticides to control the occurrence of mycotoxigenic fungi in crops has led to environmental and human health issues, driving the agriculture sector to a more sustainable system. Biocontrol agents such as Bacillus strains and their antimicrobial metabolites have been proposed as alternatives to chemical pesticides. In the present work, a broth obtained from a commercial product containing Bacillus subtilis QST 713 was tested for its ability to inhibit the growth of mycotoxigenic fungi as well as reduce their mycotoxin production. Mass spectrometry analysis of Bacillus subtilis broth allowed to detect the presence of 14 different lipopeptides, belonging to the iturin, fengycin, and surfactin families, already known for their antifungal properties. Bacillus subtilis broth demonstrated to be a useful tool to inhibit the growth of some of the most important mycotoxigenic fungi such as Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium graminearum, Aspergillus carbonarius, and Alternaria alternata. In addition, cell-free Bacillus subtilis broth provided the most promising results against the growth of Fusarium graminearum and Alternaria alternata, where the radial growth was reduced up to 86% with respect to the untreated test. With regard to the mycotoxin reduction, raw Bacillus subtilis broth completely inhibited the production of aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and tenuazonic acid. Cell-free broth provided promising inhibitory properties toward all of the target mycotoxins, even if the results were less promising than the corresponding raw broth. In conclusion, this work showed that a commercial Bacillus subtilis, characterized by the presence of different lipopeptides, was able to reduce the growth of the main mycotoxigenic fungi and inhibit the production of related mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terenzio Bertuzzi
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Giulia Leni
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giulia Bulla
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Paola Giorni
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
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Zhang H, Cheng Q, Wang X, Jia W, Xie J, Fan G, Han C, Zhao X. Selenium Improved Phenylacetic Acid Content in Oilseed Rape and Thus Enhanced the Prevention of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by Dimethachlon. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1193. [PMID: 36422013 PMCID: PMC9694027 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a broad-spectrum necrotrophic phytopathogen that can infect many plant species worldwide. The application of fungicides is a common measure for controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Due to the risk of developing resistance to fungicides, it is imperative to find ways to be environmentally friendly and even effective. Using bioactive compounds in plants to reduce the amounts of fungicides has become a clean and sustainable strategy of controlling Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Our study found that selenium in soil mediated the phenylacetic acid-related metabolic pathway in oilseed rape and reduced the incidence rate of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The growth-inhibition rates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were observed at 25.82%, 19.67%, and 52.61% for treatments of 0.8 mg·L-1 dimethachlon, 0.1 mg·mL-1 phenylacetic acid, and dimethachlon (0.8 mg·L-1) + phenylacetic acid (0.1 mg·mL-1), respectively. Phenylacetic acid reduced the application amount of dimethachlon and enhanced the inhibition effect for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Results also suggested that phenylacetic acid severely damaged the morphological structure, changed the electrical conductivity, and reduced the capacity of acid production and oxalic acid secretion of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mycelium. Further studies revealed that phenylacetic acid increased the gene-expression level of Ssodc1, Ssodc2, CWDE2 and CWDE10 in mycelium while decreasing the expression level of SsGgt1, and phenylacetic acid + dimethachlon reduced the relative expression level of SsBil. These findings verified that phenylacetic acid could partially replace the amount of dimethachlon, as well as enhance the prevention of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by dimethachlon, which provides evidence for developing an environment-friendly method for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiatao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guocheng Fan
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Integrated Management of Crop Pests, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Chuang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Feng Z, Xu M, Yang J, Zhang R, Geng Z, Mao T, Sheng Y, Wang L, Zhang J, Zhang H. Molecular characterization of a novel strain of Bacillus halotolerans protecting wheat from sheath blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1019512. [PMID: 36325560 PMCID: PMC9618607 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1019512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Rhizoctonia solani Kühn naturally infects and causes Sheath blight disease in cereal crops such as wheat, rice and maize, leading to severe reduction in grain yield and quality. In this work, a new bacterial strain Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 showing efficient antagonistic activity against the pathogenic strain Rhizoctonia solani Kühn sh-1 was isolated. Antagonistic, phylogenetic and whole genome sequencing analyses demonstrate that Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 strongly suppressed the growth of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn sh-1, showed a close evolutionary relationship with B. halotolerans F41-3, and possessed a 3,965,118 bp circular chromosome. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that the genome of Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 contained ten secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encoding five non-ribosomal peptide synthases, two polyketide synthase, two terpene synthases and one bacteriocin synthase, and a new kijanimicin biosynthetic gene cluster which might be responsible for the biosynthesis of novel compounds. Gene-editing experiments revealed that functional expression of phosphopantetheinyl transferase (SFP) and major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter genes in Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 was essential for its antifungal activity against R. solani Kühn sh-1. Moreover, the existence of two identical chitosanases may also make contribution to the antipathogen activity of Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001. Our findings will provide fundamental information for the identification and isolation of new sheath blight resistant genes and bacterial strains which have a great potential to be used for the production of bacterial control agents. IMPORTANCE A new Bacillus halotolerans strain Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 resistant to sheath blight in wheat is isolated. Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 harbors a new kijanimicin biosynthetic gene cluster, and the functional expression of SFP and MFS contribute to its antipathogen ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Feng
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Mingzhi Xu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Jin Yang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Renhong Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Zigui Geng
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Tingting Mao
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yuting Sheng
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Limin Wang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, China
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11
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Binmad S, Kaewtatip K, Kantachote D, Sukhoom A, Nookongbut P. Exopolymeric substance from Bacillus velezensis P1 as an antifungal additive in chitosan coating to prolong the shelf life of mangoes. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:1155-1162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Botcazon C, Bergia T, Lecouturier D, Dupuis C, Rochex A, Acket S, Nicot P, Leclère V, Sarazin C, Rippa S. Rhamnolipids and fengycins, very promising amphiphilic antifungal compounds from bacteria secretomes, act on Sclerotiniaceae fungi through different mechanisms. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:977633. [PMID: 36246282 PMCID: PMC9557291 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.977633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhamnolipids (RLs) and fengycins (FGs) are amphiphilic lipid compounds from bacteria secretomes proposed to replace synthetic pesticides for crop protection. They both display plant defense triggering properties and direct antimicrobial activities. In particular, they have well reported antifungal effects against phytopathogenic fungi. RLs and FGs are considered to act through a direct interaction with membrane lipids and a destabilization of microorganism plasma membrane, thereby limiting the risk of resistance emergence. The main objective of this work was to gain insights in the antimycelial mode of action of these metabolites to promote them as environment and human health friendly biocontrol solutions. Their biocidal effects were studied on two Sclerotiniaceae fungi responsible for diseases in numerous plant species worldwide. We show here that different strains of Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum have opposite sensitivities to RLs and FGs on plate experiments. Overall, B. cinerea is more sensitive to FGs while S. sclerotiorum is more sensitive to RLs. Electron microscopy observations demonstrated that RLs induce mycelial destructuring by asperities emergence and hyphal fusions whereas FGs promote swelling and formation of vesicle-like structures due to vacuole fusions and autophagy. Permeability studies, phosphatidylserine externalization and reactive oxygen species production assessments showed a programmed cell death triggering by RLs at medium concentrations (until 50 μg mL−1) and necrosis characteristics at higher concentration. Programmed cell death was always observed on hyphae treated with FGs. Quantifications of mycelial ergosterol content indicated that a higher ergosterol rate in S. sclerotiorum correlates with increasing sensitivity to RLs. Oppositely, a lower ergosterol rate in B. cinerea correlates with increasing sensitivity to FGs, which was confirmed by ergosterol biosynthesis inhibition with tebuconazole. This gain of knowledge will help to better understand the mode of action of RLs and FGs to fight specific plant fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Botcazon
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7025, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
| | - Thomas Bergia
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7025, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
| | - Didier Lecouturier
- Charles Viollette Institute, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAe, Métabolites Secondaires d’Origine Microbienne, Université de Lille, Université de Liège, Lille, France
| | - Chloé Dupuis
- Charles Viollette Institute, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAe, Métabolites Secondaires d’Origine Microbienne, Université de Lille, Université de Liège, Lille, France
| | - Alice Rochex
- Charles Viollette Institute, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAe, Métabolites Secondaires d’Origine Microbienne, Université de Lille, Université de Liège, Lille, France
| | - Sébastien Acket
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7025, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
| | - Philippe Nicot
- Centre de Recherche PACA, Domaine Saint Maurice, Unité de Pathologie Végétale, INRAe, Avignon, France
| | - Valérie Leclère
- Charles Viollette Institute, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158-INRAe, Métabolites Secondaires d’Origine Microbienne, Université de Lille, Université de Liège, Lille, France
| | - Catherine Sarazin
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7025, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Sonia Rippa
- Unité de Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire, CNRS UMR 7025, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
- *Correspondence: Sonia Rippa,
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13
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Identification of Lipopeptide Iturin A Produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NCPSJ7 and Its Antifungal Activities against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum. Foods 2022; 11:foods11192996. [PMID: 36230072 PMCID: PMC9563565 DOI: 10.3390/foods11192996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NCPSJ7 showed potential fungicidal activities for the effective control of fungal infection. From the PCR test, the key genes (srfAA, sfp, fenD, bmyB, ituD, and ituC) were detected in B. amyloliquefaciens NCPSJ7. These genes were closely related to the lipopeptides (LPs) synthesis. Next, three LPs families were identified with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS), including iturin A, fengycin A, and surfactin. After purification with C18, the main active antifungal compound was proven to be C14-iturin A by ESI-HRMS, which has significant activities against fungi. These results proved that C14-iturin A played an important role in inhibiting the growth of fungi for B. amyloliquefaciens NCPSJ7. Furthermore, the isolated LP could inhibit mycelial growth and conidia germination at 30 μg/mL. SEM allowed us to observe that mycelial morphology and conidia germination were also affected. The mycelial ultrastructure TEM observations showed that the external electron-dense outer layer cell wall, which mainly consisted of glycoproteins, was affected. Furthermore, swollen mitochondria, enriched glycogen, and increased vacuoles were also found. LP also affected the intact wall and membranes, leading to their increased permeability, which was proved by propidium iodide (PI) staining and conductivity measurements. Meanwhile, the ergosterol, which has an affinity for iturin A, also increased. These results indicated that LP caused fungal dysfunction and membrane permeability increase, leading to fungal inhibition. Identifying and studying LPs is important in exploring the fungicidal activities of B. amyloliquefaciens, which promotes the use of B. amyloliquefaciens NCPSJ7 as a potential candidate for biocontrol.
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Li X, Li M, Liu X, Jiang Y, Zhao D, Gao J, Wang Z, Jiang Y, Chen C. RNA-Seq Provides Insights into the Mechanisms Underlying Ilyonectria robusta Responding to Secondary Metabolites of Bacillus methylotrophicus NJ13. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8080779. [PMID: 35893148 PMCID: PMC9332032 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Ilyonectria robusta can cause ginseng to suffer from rusty root rot. Secondary metabolites (SMs) produced by Bacillus methylotrophicus NJ13 can inhibit the mycelial growth of I. robusta. However, the molecular mechanism of the inhibition and response remains unclear. (2) Methods: Through an in vitro trial, the effect of B. methylotrophicus NJ13’s SMs on the hyphae and conidia of I. robusta was determined. The change in the physiological function of I. robusta was evaluated in response to NJ13’s SMs by measuring the electrical conductivity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and glucose content. The molecular interaction mechanism of I. robusta’s response to NJ13’s SMs was analyzed by using transcriptome sequencing. (3) Results: NJ13’s SMs exhibited antifungal activity against I. robusta: namely, the hyphae swelled and branched abnormally, and their inclusions leaked out due to changes in the cell membrane permeability and the peroxidation level; the EC50 value was 1.21% (v/v). In transcripts at 4 dpi and 7 dpi, the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (|log2(fold change)| > 1, p adj ≤ 0.05) was 1960 and 354, respectively. NJ13’s SMs affected the glucose metabolism pathway, and the sugar-transporter-related genes were downregulated, which are utilized by I. robusta for energy production. The cell wall structure of I. robusta was disrupted, and chitin-synthase-related genes were downregulated. (4) Conclusions: A new dataset of functional responses of the ginseng pathogenic fungus I. robusta was obtained. The results will benefit the development of targeted biological fungicides for I. robusta and the study of the molecular mechanisms of interaction between biocontrol bacteria and phytopathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Mengtao Li
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.L.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Xiangkai Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.L.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Yilin Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.L.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Dongfang Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Agro-Tech Extension Center, Changchun 130031, China;
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.L.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.G.)
| | - Zhenhui Wang
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Yun Jiang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (C.C.)
| | - Changqing Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (M.L.); (X.L.); (Y.J.); (J.G.)
- Correspondence: (Y.J.); (C.C.)
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15
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Wang K, Wang Z, Xu W. Induced oxidative equilibrium damage and reduced toxin synthesis in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum by secondary metabolites from Bacillus velezensis WB. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6626022. [PMID: 35776952 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the antifungal mechanism of secondary metabolites from the WB strain against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (Fon) was investigated. The WB strain induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Fon hyphae and caused morphological changes, including surface subsidence and shrinkage deformation. The cell-free supernatants (CFSs) from WB treatment caused a significant increase in superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities and the contents of soluble protein and malondialdehyde. Additionally, CFSs from WB decreased the fusaric acid concentration in Fon. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the expression of some antioxidant-related genes was upregulated and that the expression of mycotoxin-related genes was downregulated. Four polypeptide compounds from the WB strain, including iturin A, fengycin, surfactin and bacitracin, were identified by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and complete genome mining. RT-qPCR and a quantitative analysis confirmed that the presence of Fon induced the expression of polypeptide genes and elevated polypeptide production. The combined minimum inhibitory concentration and quantitative analysis of four polypeptides revealed that iturin A, fengycin, surfactin and bacitracin might be responsible for inhibiting the growth of Fon. In conclusion, secondary metabolites from strain WB exhibited antifungal effects on Fon by triggering oxidative stress and decreasing toxin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- College of Life Science and Agroforestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- College of Life Science and Agroforestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Weihui Xu
- College of Life Science and Agroforestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Agromicrobial Preparation Industrialization, Qiqihar 161006, China
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16
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Target Mechanism of Iturinic Lipopeptide on Differential Expression Patterns of Defense-Related Genes against Colletotrichum acutatum in Pepper. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11091267. [PMID: 35567268 PMCID: PMC9102045 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis KB21 is an isolate with broad spectrum antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi. Our aim was to produce and purify antifungal lipopeptides via fermentation using B. subtilis KB21 and verify their antifungal mechanism against pepper anthracnose. When the KB21 strain was cultured in tryptic soy broth medium, the antifungal activity against pepper anthracnose correlated with biosurfactant production. However, there was no antifungal activity when cultured in Luria-Bertani medium. KB21 filtrates showed the highest degree of inhibition of mycelia (91.1%) and spore germination (98.9%) of Colletotrichum acutatum via increases in the biosurfactant levels. Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and LC-tandem MS (LC-MS/MS) analyses, the component with antifungal activity in the fermentation medium of the KB21 strain was determined to be the cyclic lipopeptide (CLP) antibiotic, iturin A. When the iturin fractions were applied to pepper fruits inoculated with conidia of C. acutatum, the lesion diameter and hyphal growth on the fruit were significantly suppressed. In addition, iturin CLP elevated the gene expression of PAL, LOX, and GLU in the treatments both with and without following fungal pathogens. Overall, the results of this study show that iturin CLPs from B. subtilis KB21 may be potential biological control agents for plant fungal diseases.
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17
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Han VC, Yu NH, Yoon H, Ahn NH, Son YK, Lee BH, Kim JC. Identification, Characterization, and Efficacy Evaluation of Bacillus velezensis for Shot-Hole Disease Biocontrol in Flowering Cherry. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:115-130. [PMID: 35385917 PMCID: PMC9343898 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.01.2022.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Though information exists regarding the pathogenesis of the shot-hole disease (SH) in flowering cherry (FC), there has been a lack of research focusing on SH management. Therefore, here, we investigated the inhibitory activities of antagonistic bacteria against SH pathogens both in vitro and in vivo as well as their biochemical characteristics and bioactive compounds. Two biosurfactant-producing bacterial antagonists, identified as Bacillus velezensis strains JCK-1618 and JCK-1696, exhibited the best effects against the growth of both bacterial and fungal SH pathogens in vitro through their cell-free culture filtrates (CFCFs). These two strains also strongly inhibited the growth of the pathogens via the action of their antimicrobial diffusible compounds and antimicrobial volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Crude enzymes, solvent extracts, and biosurfactants of the two strains exhibited antimicrobial activities. Liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis of the partially purified active fractions revealed that the two antagonists produced three cyclic lipopeptides, including iturin A, fengycin A, and surfactin, and a polyketide, oxydifficidin. In a detached leaf assay, pre-treatment and co-treatment of FC leaves with the CFCFs led to a large reduction in the severity of the leaf spots caused by Epicoccum tobaicum and Bukholderia contaminans, respectively. In addition, the two antagonists produced indole-3-acetic acid, siderophore, and a series of hydrolytic enzymes, along with the formation of a substantial biofilm. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the antimicrobial activities of the diffusible compounds and VOCs of B. velezensis against the SH pathogens and their efficiency in the biocontrol of SH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viet-Cuong Han
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hyeokjun Yoon
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Neung-Ho Ahn
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Youn Kyoung Son
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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18
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Antifungal activity of bacterial strains from maize silks against Fusarium verticillioides. Arch Microbiol 2021; 204:89. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02726-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Yi Y, Shan Y, Liu S, Yang Y, Liu Y, Yin Y, Hou Z, Luan P, Li R. Antagonistic Strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens XZ34-1 for Controlling Bipolaris sorokiniana and Promoting Growth in Wheat. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10111526. [PMID: 34832680 PMCID: PMC8619621 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Common root rot, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, is one of the most prevalent diseases of wheat and has led to major declines in wheat yield and quality worldwide. Here, strain XZ34-1 was isolated from soil and identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on the morphological, physiological, biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence. Culture filtrate (CF) of strain XZ34-1 showed a high inhibition rate against B.sorokiniana and had a broad antifungal spectrum. It also remarkably inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of B. sorokiniana. In pot control experiments, the incidence and disease index of common root rot in wheat seedlings were decreased after treatment with CF, and the biological control efficacy was significant, up to 78.24%. Further studies showed XZ34-1 could produce antifungal bioactive substances and had the potential of promoting plant growth. Lipopeptide genes detection with PCR indicated that strain XZ34-1 may produce lipopeptides. Furthermore, activities of defense-related enzymes were enhanced in wheat seedlings after inoculation with B.sorokiniana and treatment with CF, which showed induced resistance could be produced in wheat to resist pathogens. These results reveal that strain XZ34-1 is a promising candidate for application as a biological control agent against B.sorokiniana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Yi
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.H.); (P.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (R.L.); Tel.: +86-371-67756513 (Y.Y. & R.L.)
| | - Youtian Shan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.H.); (P.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shifei Liu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.H.); (P.L.)
| | - Yanhui Yang
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.H.); (P.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.H.); (P.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanan Yin
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.H.); (P.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhipeng Hou
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.H.); (P.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Pengyu Luan
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.H.); (P.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ruifang Li
- School of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.S.); (S.L.); (Y.Y.); (Y.L.); (Y.Y.); (Z.H.); (P.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules for Biomedical Research, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (R.L.); Tel.: +86-371-67756513 (Y.Y. & R.L.)
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20
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Yu C, Liu X, Zhang X, Zhang M, Gu Y, Ali Q, Mohamed MSR, Xu J, Shi J, Gao X, Wu H, Gu Q. Mycosubtilin Produced by Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633 Inhibits Growth and Mycotoxin Biosynthesis of Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium verticillioides. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:791. [PMID: 34822575 PMCID: PMC8620035 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium verticillioides are fungal pathogens that cause diseases in cereal crops, such as Fusarium head blight (FHB), seedling blight, and stalk rot. They also produce a variety of mycotoxins that reduce crop yields and threaten human and animal health. Several strategies for controlling these diseases have been developed. However, due to a lack of resistant cultivars and the hazards of chemical fungicides, efforts are now focused on the biocontrol of plant diseases, which is a more sustainable and environmentally friendly approach. In the present study, the lipopeptide mycosubtilin purified from Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633 significantly suppressed the growth of F. graminearum PH-1 and F. verticillioides 7600 in vitro. Mycosubtilin caused the destruction and deformation of plasma membranes and cell walls in F. graminearum hyphae. Additionally, mycosubtilin inhibited conidial spore formation and germination of both fungi in a dose-dependent manner. In planta experiments demonstrated the ability of mycosubtilin to control the adverse effects caused by F. graminearum and F. verticillioides on wheat heads and maize kernels, respectively. Mycosubtilin significantly decreased the production of deoxynivalenol (DON) and B-series fumonisins (FB1, FB2 and FB3) in infected grains, with inhibition rates of 48.92, 48.48, 52.42, and 59.44%, respectively. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that mycosubtilin significantly downregulated genes involved in mycotoxin biosynthesis. In conclusion, mycosubtilin produced by B. subtilis ATCC6633 was shown to have potential as a biological agent to control plant diseases and Fusarium toxin contamination caused by F. graminearum and F. verticillioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.A.); (X.G.); (H.W.)
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing 210014, China; (X.L.); (J.X.); (J.S.)
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.A.); (X.G.); (H.W.)
| | - Mengxuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.A.); (X.G.); (H.W.)
| | - Yiying Gu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.A.); (X.G.); (H.W.)
| | - Qurban Ali
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.A.); (X.G.); (H.W.)
| | - M. Sherif Ramzy Mohamed
- Department of Food Toxicology and Contaminant, National Research Centre of Egypt, Giza 12411, Egypt;
| | - Jianhong Xu
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing 210014, China; (X.L.); (J.X.); (J.S.)
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jianrong Shi
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing 210014, China; (X.L.); (J.X.); (J.S.)
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xuewen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.A.); (X.G.); (H.W.)
| | - Huijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.A.); (X.G.); (H.W.)
| | - Qin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.Y.); (X.Z.); (M.Z.); (Y.G.); (Q.A.); (X.G.); (H.W.)
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Shcherbakova L, Mikityuk O, Arslanova L, Stakheev A, Erokhin D, Zavriev S, Dzhavakhiya V. Studying the Ability of Thymol to Improve Fungicidal Effects of Tebuconazole and Difenoconazole Against Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi in Seed or Foliar Treatments. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:629429. [PMID: 33717020 PMCID: PMC7947622 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.629429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymol, a secondary plant metabolite possessing antifungal and chemosensitizing activities, disrupts cell wall or membrane integrity and interferes with ergosterol biosynthesis. Thymol also functions as a redox-active compound inducing generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in fungal cells. Previously, we showed thymol significantly enhanced the in vitro growth inhibitory effect of difenoconazole against Bipolaris sorokiniana and Parastagonospora nodorum. More recently, we demonstrated a possibility to use thymol to overcome the resistance of a P. nodorum strain able to grow on difenoconazole-containing media. However, potential for thymol to serve as a chemosensitizing agent in seed or plant treatments, to provide an effective suppression of the above-mentioned plant pathogens by triazole fungicides applied in lowered dosages, had yet to be tested. In the work presented here, we showed combined treatments of naturally infected barley seeds with thymol and difenoconazole (Dividend® 030 FS) synergistically exacerbated the protective effect against common root rot agent, B. sorokiniana, and other fungi (Fusarium spp. and Alternaria spp.). Similarly, co-applied treatment of wheat seeds, artificially inoculated with Fusarium culmorum, resulted in equivalent reduction of disease incidence on barley seedlings as application of Dividend®, alone, at a ten-fold higher dosage. In foliar treatments of wheat seedlings, thymol combined with Folicur® 250 EC (a.i. tebuconazole) enhanced sensitivity of P. nodorum, a glume/leaf blotch pathogen, to the fungicide and provided a significant mitigation of disease severity on treated seedlings, compared to controls, without increasing Folicur® dosages. Folicur® co-applied with thymol was also significantly more effective against a strain of P. nodorum tolerant to Folicur® alone. No additional deoxynivalenol or zearalenone production was found when a toxigenic F. culmorum was cultured in a nutrient medium containing thymol at a concentration used for chemosensitization of root rot agents. Accordingly, F. culmorum exposure to thymol at the sensitizing concentration did not up-regulate key genes associated with the biosynthesis of trichothecene or polyketide mycotoxins in this pathogen. Further studies using field trials are necessary to determine if thymol-triazole co-applications result in sensitization of seed- and foliar-associated plant pathogenic fungi, and if thymol affects production of fusarial toxins under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Shcherbakova
- Laboratory of Physiological Plant Pathology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg Mikityuk
- Laboratory of Physiological Plant Pathology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lenara Arslanova
- Department of Molecular Biology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Stakheev
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Erokhin
- Department of Molecular Biology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey Zavriev
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly Dzhavakhiya
- Department of Molecular Biology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
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22
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Wang C, Ye X, Ng TB, Zhang W. Study on the Biocontrol Potential of Antifungal Peptides Produced by Bacillus velezensis against Fusarium solani That Infects the Passion Fruit Passiflora edulis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2051-2061. [PMID: 33570936 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A bacterium identified as Bacillus velezensis with a growth inhibitory effect against Fusarium solani, a pathogen that caused basal stem rot in the passion fruit Passiflora edulis, was isolated in this study. From the fermentation broth of B. velezensis, a type of antifungal peptide (named BVAP) with a molecular weight of ca. 1.5 kDa was purified and found to be fengycin. BVAP suppressed mycelial growth in F. solani with an IC50 of 5.58 μg/mL, which was superior to those of the chemical fungicides thiram (41.24 μg/mL) and hymexazol (343.31 μg/mL). The antifungal activity remained stable after exposure to 50-100 °C or following incubation with solutions at pH 1-3. Further research revealed that BVAP increased the permeability of the F. solani mycelial membrane, brought about swelling at the tips of hyphae, and elicited abnormal accumulation of nucleic acids and chitin at the sites of swelling. These findings indicate that BVAP possessed a remarkable biocontrol potential toward F. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caicheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Xiujuan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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23
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Sun X, Xu Y, Chen L, Jin X, Ni H. The salt-tolerant phenazine-1-carboxamide-producing bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa NF011 isolated from wheat rhizosphere soil in dry farmland with antagonism against Fusarium graminearum. Microbiol Res 2020; 245:126673. [PMID: 33429287 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease caused by Fusarium graminearum (Fg) seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat. In this study, after bacterial community analysis of two wheat rhizosphere soils, the genus Pseudomonas was shown to be enriched in normal dry farmland (maize-wheat rotation) compared to that observed nearby paddy farmland (rice-wheat rotation) with serious FHB disease. Subsequently, a P. aeruginosa strain, NF011 with the highest antagonistic activity against Fg and excellent tolerance to 8.0 % of NaCl was isolated from the wheat rhizosphere soil in the normal dry farmland. Dual culture assay results showed that NF011 is a broad-spectrum fungicide for controlling six wheat pathogenic fungi. The major antifungal compound produced by NF011 was identified as phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) by LC-MS and nuclear magnetic resonance. 1.0 × 108 CFU/mL of NF011 or 32 mg/L of PCN could completely inhibit Fg spore germination and resulted in the destruction of Fg hypha vacuoles. Mannitol, peanut meal, beef extract, metal ions (Mn2+, Ca2+, Fe2+, and Mg2+), and amino acids (Arg and Lys) could promote the production of PCN by NF011, moreover, the optimal pH and temperature was 6.0 and 20 °C. The PCN produced by NF011 under the optimized culture conditions reached 436.55 ± 11.06 mg/L, 4.90-fold higher than that observed under the basic culture conditions. Finally, infection experiment results showed that NF011 can effectively prevent Fg spores from infecting wheat spikes and wheat grains and suppress the production of deoxynivalenol (DON). Therefore, the salt-tolerant PCN-producing NF011 has the potential to control wheat fungal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China; State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Xinmeng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Hong Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
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24
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Shcherbakova L, Odintsova T, Pasechnik T, Arslanova L, Smetanina T, Kartashov M, Slezina M, Dzhavakhiya V. Fragments of a Wheat Hevein-Like Antimicrobial Peptide Augment the Inhibitory Effect of a Triazole Fungicide on Spore Germination of Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria solani. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E870. [PMID: 33291849 PMCID: PMC7762046 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9120870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There are increasing environmental risks associated with extensive use of fungicides for crop protection. Hence, the use of new approaches using natural plant defense mechanisms, including application of plant antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), is of great interest. Recently, we studied the structural-function relationships between antifungal activity and five hevein-like AMPs from the WAMP (wheat AMP) family of Triticum kiharae Dorof. et Migush. We first discovered that short peptides derived from the central, N-, and C-terminal regions of one of the WAMPs (WAMP-2) were able to augment the inhibitory effect of Folicur® EC 250, a triazole fungicide, on spore germination of the wheat pathogenic fungi, including Fusarium spp. and Alternaria alternata. In this research, we explored the ability of chemically synthesized WAMP-2-derived peptides for enhancing the sensitivity of two other Fusarium and Alternaria species, F. oxysporum and A. solani, causing wilt and early blight of tomato, respectively, to Folicur®. The synthesized WAMP-2-derived peptides synergistically interacted with the fungicide and significantly increased its efficacy, inhibiting conidial germination at much lower Folicur® concentrations than required for the same efficiency using the fungicide alone. The experiments on co-applications of some of WAMP-2-fragments and the fungicide on tomato leaves and seedlings, which confirmed the results obtained in vitro, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Shcherbakova
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshie Vyazemy, 143050 Moscow reg., Russia; (T.P.); (L.A.); (T.S.); (M.K.); (V.D.)
| | - Tatyana Odintsova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Gubkina Str. 3, 119333 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Tatyana Pasechnik
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshie Vyazemy, 143050 Moscow reg., Russia; (T.P.); (L.A.); (T.S.); (M.K.); (V.D.)
| | - Lenara Arslanova
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshie Vyazemy, 143050 Moscow reg., Russia; (T.P.); (L.A.); (T.S.); (M.K.); (V.D.)
| | - Tatyana Smetanina
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshie Vyazemy, 143050 Moscow reg., Russia; (T.P.); (L.A.); (T.S.); (M.K.); (V.D.)
| | - Maxim Kartashov
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshie Vyazemy, 143050 Moscow reg., Russia; (T.P.); (L.A.); (T.S.); (M.K.); (V.D.)
| | - Marina Slezina
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Gubkina Str. 3, 119333 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vitaly Dzhavakhiya
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshie Vyazemy, 143050 Moscow reg., Russia; (T.P.); (L.A.); (T.S.); (M.K.); (V.D.)
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Kang BR, Park JS, Jung WJ. Antifungal evaluation of fengycin isoforms isolated from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PPL against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104509. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Shcherbakova L, Kartashov M, Statsyuk N, Pasechnik T, Dzhavakhiya V. Assessment of the Sensitivity of Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi to 6-Demethylmevinolin, a Putative Natural Sensitizer Able to Help Overcoming the Fungicide Resistance of Plant Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9120842. [PMID: 33255571 PMCID: PMC7760197 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9120842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural fungicides contaminate the environment and promote the spread of fungicide-resistant strains of pathogenic fungi. The enhancement of pathogen sensitivity to these pesticides using chemosensitizers allows the reducing of fungicide dosages without a decrease in their efficiency. Using Petri plate and microplate bioassays, 6-demethylmevinolin (6-DMM), a putative sensitizer of a microbial origin, was shown to affect both colony growth and conidial germination of Alternaria solani, A. alternata, Parastagonospora nodorum, Rhizoctonia solani, and four Fusarium species (F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. oxysporum, F. graminearum) forming a wheat root rot complex together with B. sorokiniana. Non- or marginally toxic 6-DMM concentrations suitable for sensitizing effect were determined by the probit analysis. The range of determined concentrations confirmed a possibility of using 6-DMM as a putative sensitizer for the whole complex of root rot agents, other cereal pathogens (A. alternata, P.nodorum), and some potato (R. solani, A. solani) and tomato (A. solani) pathogens. Despite the different sensitivities of the eight tested pathogens, 6-DMM lacked specificity to fungi and possessed a mild antimycotic activity that is typical of other known pathogen-sensitizing agents. The pilot evaluation of the 6-DMM sensitizing first confirmed a principal possibility of using it for the sensitization of B. sorokiniana and R. solani to triazole- and strobilurin-based fungicides, respectively.
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27
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Fazle Rabbee M, Baek KH. Antimicrobial Activities of Lipopeptides and Polyketides of Bacillus velezensis for Agricultural Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214973. [PMID: 33121115 PMCID: PMC7662345 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of penicillin, bacteria are known to be major sources of secondary metabolites that can function as drugs or pesticides. Scientists worldwide attempted to isolate novel compounds from microorganisms; however, only less than 1% of all existing microorganisms have been successfully identified or characterized till now. Despite the limitations and gaps in knowledge, in recent years, many Bacillus velezensis isolates were identified to harbor a large number of biosynthetic gene clusters encoding gene products for the production of secondary metabolites. These chemically diverse bioactive metabolites could serve as a repository for novel drug discovery. More specifically, current projects on whole-genome sequencing of B. velezensis identified a large number of biosynthetic gene clusters that encode enzymes for the synthesis of numerous antimicrobial compounds, including lipopeptides and polyketides; nevertheless, their biological applications are yet to be identified or established. In this review, we discuss the recent research on synthesis of bioactive compounds by B. velezensis and related Bacillus species, their chemical structures, bioactive gene clusters of interest, as well as their biological applications for effective plant disease management.
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28
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Odintsova T, Shcherbakova L, Slezina M, Pasechnik T, Kartabaeva B, Istomina E, Dzhavakhiya V. Hevein-Like Antimicrobial Peptides Wamps: Structure-Function Relationship in Antifungal Activity and Sensitization of Plant Pathogenic Fungi to Tebuconazole by WAMP-2-Derived Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7912. [PMID: 33114433 PMCID: PMC7662308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Keywords: hevein-like antimicrobial peptides; antifungal activity; antifungal determinants; synergy; chemosensitization; tebuconazole; plant pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Odintsova
- Laboratory of Molecular-Genetic Bases of Plant Immunity, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, 119333 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Larisa Shcherbakova
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshie Vyazemy, 143050 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (B.K.)
| | - Marina Slezina
- Laboratory of Molecular-Genetic Bases of Plant Immunity, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, 119333 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Tatyana Pasechnik
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshie Vyazemy, 143050 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (B.K.)
| | - Bakhyt Kartabaeva
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshie Vyazemy, 143050 Moscow, Russia; (T.P.); (B.K.)
| | - Ekaterina Istomina
- Laboratory of Molecular-Genetic Bases of Plant Immunity, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, 119333 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (E.I.)
| | - Vitaly Dzhavakhiya
- Department of Molecular Biology, All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Bolshie Vyazemy, 143050 Moscow, Russia;
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Structural and Functional Insights into Iturin W, a Novel Lipopeptide Produced by the Deep-Sea Bacterium Bacillus sp. Strain wsm-1. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.01597-20. [PMID: 32859591 PMCID: PMC7580537 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01597-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi is one of the most devastating diseases, which affects the food safety of the whole world to a great extent. Biological control of plant diseases by microbial natural products is more desirable than traditional chemical control. In this study, we discovered a novel lipopeptide, iturin W, with promising prospects in biological control of plant diseases. Moreover, the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources and amino acids on production of C14 iturin W and C15 iturin W would provide a reasonable basis for the optimization of the fermentation process of lipopeptides. Notably, the structure of iturin W was different from that of any previously reported lipopeptide, suggesting that deep-sea microorganisms might produce many novel natural products and have significant potential in the development of biological products in the future. In the present study, a deep-sea bacterial strain designated Bacillus sp. strain wsm-1 was screened and found to exhibit strong antifungal activity against many plant-pathogenic fungi, and corresponding antifungal agents were thereby purified and determined by tandem mass spectrometry to be two cyclic lipopeptide homologs. These homologs, which were different from any previously reported lipopeptides, were identified to possess identical amino acid sequences of β-amino fatty acid-Asn-Ser-Asn-Pro-Tyr-Asn-Gln and deduced as two novel lipopeptides designated C14 iturin W and C15 iturin W. Electron microscopy observation indicated that both iturin W homologs caused obvious morphological changes and serious disruption of plasma membrane toward fungal cells, while C15 iturin W exhibited more serious cell damages than C14 iturin W did, which was well consistent with the results of the antifungal activity assays. To improve the yield and antifungal activity of iturin W, the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources and amino acids on production of C14 iturin W and C15 iturin W were investigated. The results indicated that supplements of most of the detected carbon and nitrogen sources could increase the yield of C14 iturin W, but inhibit the yield of C15 iturin W, while supplements of tryptone and most of the detected amino acids could increase the yield of both C14 iturin W and C15 iturin W. IMPORTANCE Plant disease caused by pathogenic fungi is one of the most devastating diseases, which affects the food safety of the whole world to a great extent. Biological control of plant diseases by microbial natural products is more desirable than traditional chemical control. In this study, we discovered a novel lipopeptide, iturin W, with promising prospects in biological control of plant diseases. Moreover, the effects of different carbon and nitrogen sources and amino acids on production of C14 iturin W and C15 iturin W would provide a reasonable basis for the optimization of the fermentation process of lipopeptides. Notably, the structure of iturin W was different from that of any previously reported lipopeptide, suggesting that deep-sea microorganisms might produce many novel natural products and have significant potential in the development of biological products in the future.
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Maksimov IV, Singh BP, Cherepanova EA, Burkhanova GF, Khairullin RM. Prospects and Applications of Lipopeptide-Producing Bacteria for Plant Protection (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683820010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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Hanif A, Zhang F, Li P, Li C, Xu Y, Zubair M, Zhang M, Jia D, Zhao X, Liang J, Majid T, Yan J, Farzand A, Wu H, Gu Q, Gao X. Fengycin Produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 Inhibits Fusarium graminearum Growth and Mycotoxins Biosynthesis. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050295. [PMID: 31137632 PMCID: PMC6563212 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is a notorious pathogen that causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereal crops. It produces secondary metabolites, such as deoxynivalenol, diminishing grain quality and leading to lesser crop yield. Many strategies have been developed to combat this pathogenic fungus; however, considering the lack of resistant cultivars and likelihood of environmental hazards upon using chemical pesticides, efforts have shifted toward the biocontrol of plant diseases, which is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach. Fengycin, derived from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42, was purified from the crude extract by HPLC and further analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS. Its application resulted in structural deformations in fungal hyphae, as observed via scanning electron microscopy. In planta experiment revealed the ability of fengycin to suppress F. graminearum growth and highlighted its capacity to combat disease incidence. Fengycin significantly suppressed F. graminearum, and also reduced the deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), and zearalenone (ZEN) production in infected grains. To conclude, we report that fengycin produced by B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42 has potential as a biocontrol agent against F. graminearum and can also inhibit the mycotoxins produced by this fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvina Hanif
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Pingping Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Chuchu Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yujiao Xu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Mengxuan Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Dandan Jia
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xiaozhen Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jingang Liang
- Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100176, China.
| | - Taha Majid
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jingyuau Yan
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Ayaz Farzand
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Huijun Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Qin Gu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xuewen Gao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Jung B, Li T, Ji S, Lee J. Efficacy of Diphenyleneiodonium Chloride (DPIC) Against Diverse Plant Pathogens. MYCOBIOLOGY 2019; 47:105-111. [PMID: 31001452 PMCID: PMC6452913 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2018.1559122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Many of the fungicides and antibiotics currently available against plant pathogens are of limited use due to the emergence of resistant strains. In this study, we examined the effects of diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPIC), an inhibitor of the superoxide producing enzyme NADPH oxidase, against fungal and bacterial plant pathogens. We found that DPIC inhibits fungal spore germination and bacterial cell proliferation. In addition, we demonstrated the potent antibacterial activity of DPIC using rice heads infected with the bacterial pathogen Burkholderia glumae which causes bacterial panicle blight (BPB). We found that treatment with DPIC reduced BPB when applied during the initial flowering stage of the rice heads. These results suggest that DPIC could serve as a new and useful antimicrobial agent in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boknam Jung
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Taiying Li
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Sungyeon Ji
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
| | - Jungkwan Lee
- Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea
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Pirog TP. THE PROPERTIES OF SURFACTANTS SYNTHESIZED BY Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ІMV В-7241 ON REFINED AND WASTE SUNFLOWER OIL. BIOTECHNOLOGIA ACTA 2018. [DOI: 10.15407/biotech11.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Xu BH, Ye ZW, Zheng QW, Wei T, Lin JF, Guo LQ. Isolation and characterization of cyclic lipopeptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity from Bacillus siamensis JFL15. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:444. [PMID: 30333946 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, the antimicrobial substance anti-JFL15 was partially purified using a simple two-step extraction process from the cell-free supernatants of Bacillus siamensis JFL15. Anti-JFL15 exhibited a strong antibacterial activity against various multidrug-resistant aquatic bacterial pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Edwardsiella tarda, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Vibrio. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that anti-JFL15 contained eight cyclic lipopeptides belonging to two families: bacillomycin F (m/z 1056.56-1084.59) and surfactin (m/z 1007.65-1049.70) analogs. PCR analysis showed the presence of genes (i.e., sfp gene, surfactin synthetase D, fengycin synthetase B, iturin synthetase A, iturin synthetase C and bacillomycin synthetase D) involved in the biosynthesis of cyclic lipopeptides. This study is the first to identify cyclic lipopeptides from B. siamensis and use them to suppress the growth of various multidrug-resistant aquatic bacterial pathogens. Results indicated that B. siamensis JFL15 is a promising biocontrol agent for the effective and environmentally friendly control of various multidrug-resistant aquatic bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Hong Xu
- 1College of Food Science and Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Ye
- 1College of Food Science and Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Wang Zheng
- 1College of Food Science and Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Wei
- 1College of Food Science and Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Fang Lin
- 1College of Food Science and Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiong Guo
- 1College of Food Science and Institute of Food Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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