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Paturu P, Varadarajan S. Assessing environmental sustainability by combining product service systems and life cycle perspective: A case study of hydroponic urban farming models in India. Sci Total Environ 2024; 927:172232. [PMID: 38582112 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Hydroponics technology offers an environmentally sustainable alternative to conventional farming for urban food needs. It attracts technologists, non-farmers, retailers, restaurants, and consumers. However, the environmental impact of hydroponics-based urban farming models is yet to be quantified. This study assesses the environmental impact of hydroponics-based urban farming models and makes suggestions to improve their adoption. The methodology involves the use of the Product-Service Systems perspective to categorise the hydroponics-based urban farming models and the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method to quantify their environmental impact from a cradle-to-gate perspective. The analysis focuses on the lettuce crop in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. The results from the study suggest that that greenhouse farming (BM1) is more environmentally sustainable than indoor farming (BM2), Cabinet selling and remote monitoring (BM3), and conventional farming. It outperforms other models in terms of GHG emissions, Human Toxicity, and fossil fuels per unit of product, with BM3 having high environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Paturu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Kancheepuram, Chennai 600 127, India
| | - Sudhir Varadarajan
- School of Interdisciplinary Design and Innovation, Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Kancheepuram, Chennai 600 127, India.
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2
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de Oliveira I, Chrysargyris A, Finimundy TC, Carocho M, Santos-Buelga C, Calhelha RC, Tzortzakis N, Barros L, Heleno SA. Magnesium and manganese induced changes on chemical, nutritional, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the pansy and Viola edible flowers. Food Chem 2024; 438:137976. [PMID: 37980870 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Pansy and viola edible flowers were grown hydroponically with different levels of Mg and Mn. The nutritional composition was determined using standard methods. Free sugars, fatty acids, organic acids, tocopherols, and phenolic compounds were analyzed using various HPLC and GC devises. The extract's antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and anti-inflammatory activity were assessed. The results indicated that Mg enrichment negatively affected plant growth and mineral accumulation but improved photosynthetic performance. The edible flowers contained significant amounts of protein, low levels of fat, and varying sugar contents, such as glucose and fructose. Various fatty acids and phenolic compounds were identified, with different concentrations depending on the treatment. The flowers exhibited antioxidant potential, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxic effects, and anti-inflammatory properties. The correlations between the investigated parameters not only expand knowledge on Mg and Mn interaction but also catalyze significant advancements in sustainable agriculture and food health, fostering a healthier and more conscious future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izamara de Oliveira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonios Chrysargyris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Tiane C Finimundy
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Márcio Carocho
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Celestino Santos-Buelga
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles (GIP-USAL), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ricardo C Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Nikolaos Tzortzakis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Sandrina A Heleno
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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Loo YC, Tsai YH, Chen H, Hsieh HP, Chen YC, Chen HE, Lin ZH, Huang HT, Liu IM, Liaw CC, Chang FR. Quality and production enhancement of fish mint, Houttuynia cordata Thunb., cultivated in a hydroponic planting system with designed plant growth-promoting additives. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28755. [PMID: 38586372 PMCID: PMC10998095 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Fish mint, Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (HCT) is an edible vegetable that has also been used in traditional folk medicines. As both a medicinal herb and a dietary source, HCT has been clinically proven to be a pivotal ingredient in formulas administered to alleviate COVID-19 symptoms. With the increasing market demand for imported materials, ensuring the quality consistency of HCT becomes a significant concern. In this study, the growing time for hydroponically-cultivated HCT with seaweed extract and amino acids added (HCTW) reduced by half compared to conventional soil-cultivated HCT (HCTS). Key quantified components in HCTW, flavonoid glycosides and caffeoylquinic acid derivatives, exhibited a 143% increase over HCTS. These crucial constituents were responsible for possessing antioxidant activity (IC50 < 25 μg/mL) and anti-nitrite oxide production (IC50 < 20 μg/mL). An economically-designed hydroponic system with appropriate additives is proposed to replace HCTS with improvements of growth time, overall production yields, and bioactive qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Chi Loo
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hong Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County, 907101, Taiwan
| | - Hsieh Chen
- Graduate Institute of Science Education and Environment Education, College of Science, National Kaohsiung Normal University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
- Department of Research and Development, We-Win Bio-Medical Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ping Hsieh
- Department of Research and Development, We-Win Bio-Medical Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chang Chen
- Department of Research and Development, We-Win Bio-Medical Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Er Chen
- Department of Research and Development, We-Win Bio-Medical Co., Ltd., Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hu Lin
- Division of Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, 112026, Taiwan
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112026, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Tse Huang
- Division of Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, 112026, Taiwan
| | - I-Min Liu
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County, 907101, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Liaw
- Division of Materia Medica Development, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, 112026, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 600355, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807377, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807378, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 804201, Taiwan
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Simonetti V, Ravazzolo L, Ruperti B, Quaggiotti S, Castiello U. A system for the study of roots 3D kinematics in hydroponic culture: a study on the oscillatory features of root tip. Plant Methods 2024; 20:50. [PMID: 38561757 PMCID: PMC10983651 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-024-01178-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The root of a plant is a fundamental organ for the multisensory perception of the environment. Investigating root growth dynamics as a mean of their interaction with the environment is of key importance for improving knowledge in plant behaviour, plant biology and agriculture. To date, it is difficult to study roots movements from a dynamic perspective given that available technologies for root imaging focus mostly on static characterizations, lacking temporal and three-dimensional (3D) spatial information. This paper describes a new system based on time-lapse for the 3D reconstruction and analysis of roots growing in hydroponics. RESULTS The system is based on infrared stereo-cameras acquiring time-lapse images of the roots for 3D reconstruction. The acquisition protocol guarantees the root growth in complete dark while the upper part of the plant grows in normal light conditions. The system extracts the 3D trajectory of the root tip and a set of descriptive features in both the temporal and frequency domains. The system has been used on Zea mays L. (B73) during the first week of growth and shows good inter-reliability between operators with an Intra Class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) > 0.9 for all features extracted. It also showed measurement accuracy with a median difference of < 1 mm between computed and manually measured root length. CONCLUSIONS The system and the protocol presented in this study enable accurate 3D analysis of primary root growth in hydroponics. It can serve as a valuable tool for analysing real-time root responses to environmental stimuli thus improving knowledge on the processes contributing to roots physiological and phenotypic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Ravazzolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis, Italy
| | - Benedetto Ruperti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis, Italy
| | - Silvia Quaggiotti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Agripolis, Italy
| | - Umberto Castiello
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Rajendran S, Domalachenpa T, Arora H, Li P, Sharma A, Rajauria G. Hydroponics: Exploring innovative sustainable technologies and applications across crop production, with Emphasis on potato mini-tuber cultivation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26823. [PMID: 38434318 PMCID: PMC10907780 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to explore climate-resilient alternative agriculture production systems that focus on resilience, resource efficiency, and disease management. Hydroponics, a soilless cultivation system, gaining interest as it reduces the dependency on agricultural land, and pesticides, and can be implemented in areas with poor soil quality, thus mitigating the negative effects of extreme weather events. Potato is an essential dietary staple crop grown throughout the world and is a major source of food security in underdeveloped countries. However, due to the climatic changes, it is predicted that a significant loss in the suitability of land for potato production would occur, thus leading to potato yield loss. Recently, many case studies have emerged to highlight the advancement of agricultural hydroponic systems that provide a promising solution to the massive production of potato mini tuber at high efficiency. This review paper evaluates popular hydroponic methods and demonstrates how hydroponic has emerged as the go-to, long-term, sustainable answer to the perennial problem of insufficient access to high-quality potato seed stock. The paper discusses the research and innovation possibilities (such as artificial intelligence, nanoparticles, and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria) that potentially increase tuber production per plant under optimal hydroponic growth circumstances. These approaches are examined considering new scientific discoveries and practical applications. Furthermore, it emphasizes that by enduring significant reforms in soilless food production systems (particularly for potatoes), the food supply of a rapidly growing population can be addressed. Since hydroponics systems are productive and easily automated without soil and optimal environmental conditions, future hydroponics farming is promising. In conclusion, the hydroponics system provides better yield and crop productivity by saving water, energy, and space. Henceforth, it can be the alternate choice for modern sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tenzing Domalachenpa
- Amity Food and Agriculture Foundation, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Himanshu Arora
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Pai Li
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Abhishek Sharma
- Amity Food and Agriculture Foundation, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Gaurav Rajauria
- School of Microbiology, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, and SUSFERM Fermentation Science and Bioprocess Engineering Centre, University College Cork, Cork, T12 K8AF, Ireland
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6
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Jadoon L, Gul A, Fatima H, Babar MM. Nano-elicitation and hydroponics: a synergism to enhance plant productivity and secondary metabolism. Planta 2024; 259:80. [PMID: 38436711 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This review has explored the importance of using a synergistic approach of nano-elicitation and hydroponics to improve plant growth and metabolite production. Furthermore, it emphasizes the significance of green nanotechnology and eco-friendly practices while utilizing this approach to promote the development of a sustainable agriculture system. Nano-elicitation stimulates metabolic processes in plants using nanoparticles (NPs) as elicitors. The stimulation of these biochemical processes can enhance plant yield and productivity, along with the production of secondary metabolites. Nanoparticles have garnered the attention of scientific community because of their unique characteristics, such as incredibly small size and large surface-to-volume ratio, which make them effective elicitors. Hydroponic systems, which optimize growing conditions to increase plant production, are typically used to study the effect of elicitors. By integrating these two approaches, the qualitative and quantitative output of plants can be increased while employing minimal resources. As the global demand for high-quality crops and bioactive compounds surges, embracing this synergistic approach alongside sustainable farming practices can pave the way for resilient agricultural systems, ensuring food security and fostering an eco-friendly environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linta Jadoon
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Alvina Gul
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Hunaiza Fatima
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mustafeez Mujtaba Babar
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
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Arbour AJ, Chu YT, Brown PB, Huang JY. Life cycle assessment on marine aquaponic production of shrimp, red orache, minutina and okahajiki. J Environ Manage 2024; 353:120208. [PMID: 38301481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Aquaponics is an integrated food production system that intensively produces a diverse array of seafood and specialty crops in one closed-loop system, which is a potential solution to global challenges of food security. While current aquaponics systems are commonly operated with freshwater, marine aquaponics is an emerging opportunity to grow saltwater animals and plants. Although marine aquaponics can reduce the dependence on freshwater for food production, its environmental sustainability has not been systematically studied. This paper presents the first life cycle assessment (LCA) on a marine aquaponic production system growing shrimp and three halophytes. The system assessed covered from shrimp larvae nursery to grow-out. The effects of salinity, carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and shrimp-to-plant stocking density ratio of aquaponics on its midpoint and endpoint environmental impacts were evaluated using a functional unit based on the economic value of the four products. Electricity use for aquaponic operation was the environmental hotspot, contributing ∼90 % to all the midpoint impacts. The system produced higher environmental impacts when operated at higher salinity, but lower C/N ratio and stocking density. Replacing fossil fuel with wind power for electricity generation can decrease the environmental impacts by 95-99 %. Variation in the shrimp price can change the impacts by up to 62 %. This study provides a useful tool to help marine aquaponic farmers improve their production from an environmental perspective, and can serve as groundwork for further assessing more marine aquaponic systems with different animal-plant combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- April J Arbour
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Yu-Ting Chu
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Paul B Brown
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Jen-Yi Huang
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
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Zhang Z, Xu M, Fan Y, Zhang L, Wang H. Using microalgae to reduce the use of conventional fertilizers in hydroponics and soil-based cultivation. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169424. [PMID: 38128652 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The intensive use of agrochemicals has led to nutrient loss, greenhouse gas emissions, and resource depletion, thus the development of sustainable agricultural solutions is required. Microalgal biomass has the potential to provide nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, along with various plant growth promoters, to enhance crop productivity and impart disease resistance. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the potential applications of microalgal extracts and biomass in the contexts of seed germination, hydroponic systems, and soil-based crop cultivation. The results revealed that the extracts from Chlorella sp. and Anabaena sp. have no significant impact on the germination of wheat seeds. High concentrations of Chlorella sp. and Anabaena sp. cell extracts in hydroponics enhanced the length of cucumber seedling stems by 81.7 % and 58.3 %, respectively. Additionally, the use of microalgal cell extracts hindered root elongation while stimulating the growth of lateral and fibrous roots. Furthermore, the study compared the performance of 5 different fertilizers: 1) inorganic fertilizer (IF), 2) organic fertilizer (OF), 3) microalgae-based biofertilizer (MF), 4) inorganic fertilizer + microalgae-based biofertilizer (IM), 5) organic fertilizer + microalgae-based biofertilizer (OM). The findings indicate that the plant growth and soil physicochemical properties in the groups supplied with different fertilizers are comparable and significantly higher than those in the control group. The levels of protein, chlorophyll A, and chlorophyll B in the MF group increased significantly by 40 %, 29.2 %, and 33.5 %, respectively, compared to the control group. However, it remained notably lower compared to groups supplied with inorganic and organic fertilizers (p < 0.05). Combining microalgae with organic fertilizer can simultaneously enhance the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage, representing a promising source of crop nutrition. In conclusion, this study suggests that it is promising to use microalgae to reduce the use of conventional fertilizers in hydroponics and soil-based cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Zhang
- Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Mei Xu
- Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Lunyu Zhang
- Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Qingdao C1 Refinery Engineering Research Center, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266101, China; Shandong Energy Research Institute, Qingdao 266101, China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, China.
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Zhou L, Liao H, Wang W, Li L, Chen H, He X, Peng Y, Chen Q. Mechanistic insights into mitigating Cd stress in plants using typical organic waste fermentation solutions. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:4721-4732. [PMID: 38105331 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Finding practical solutions for utilizing agricultural organic wastes has always been a challenge. To address this, our study investigated the effects and mechanisms of different exogenous organic waste fermentation solutions on alleviating Cd stress in plants using hydroponic experiments. Out of the seven fermentation solutions examined, pea fermentation liquid (T3), chicken manure (T5), molasses (T6), and chitosan oligosaccharide broth (T9) exhibited positive effects. They increased shoot fresh weight by 1.17%, 26.83%, 7.94%, and 15.59%, and root fresh weight by 50.00%, 12.21%, 81.19%, and 19.47%, respectively. Conversely, amino acid mother liquid (T7) and potassium polyaspartate liquid (T8) reduced shoot fresh weight by 34.21% and 24.74%, and root fresh weight by 27.06% and 7.10%, respectively. All organic waste liquids reduced Cd concentration in shoots and roots. Corn fermentation liquid (T4) reduced Cd in shoots from 87.91 to 19.20 mg/kg, while molasses (T6) reduced Cd in roots from 980.94 to 260.47 mg/kg. SEM-EDX results revealed that molasses (T6) effectively repaired Cd damage on root surfaces. In addition, several waste liquids mitigated microelement absorption disturbances. All waste liquids reduced MDA, corn fermentation liquid (T4), chicken manure (T5), molasses (T6), potassium polyaspartate liquid (T8), and chitosan oligosaccharide liquid (T9) significantly decreased H2O2 by 21.6-38.3%. Structural equation model (SEM) and correlation analysis highlighted the importance of root Mg, Cu, and Zn content and CAT activity in relieving Cd stress and promoting plant growth. Overall, molasses (T6) and chicken manure (T5) demonstrated the most beneficial combined effects, while amino acid mother liquid (T7) and chitosan oligosaccharide liquid (T9) should be exercised with caution due to their weaker effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongjie Liao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenhao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Longcheng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuehan He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China
| | - Yutao Peng
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Singh BJ, Chakraborty A, Sehgal R. A systematic review of industrial wastewater management: Evaluating challenges and enablers. J Environ Manage 2023; 348:119230. [PMID: 37832302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The study provides a systematic literature review (SLR) encompassing industrial wastewater management research from the past decade, examining enablers, challenges, and prevailing practices. Originating from manufacturing, energy production, and diverse industrial processes, industrial wastewater's handling is critical due to its potential to impact the environment and public health. The research aims to comprehend the current state of industrial wastewater management, pinpoint gaps, and outline future research prospects. The SLR methodology involves scouring the Scopus database, yielding an initial pool of 253 articles. Refinement via search code leaves 101 articles, followed by abstract screening that reduces articles to 79, and finally 66 well-focused articles left for thorough full-text examination. Results underscore the significance of regulatory frameworks, technological innovation, and sustainability considerations as cornerstones for effective wastewater management. However, substantial impediments like; inadequate infrastructure, resource constraints and the necessity for stakeholder collaboration still exist. The study highlights emerging research domains, exemplified by advanced technologies like nanotechnology and bioremediation, alongside the pivotal role of circular economy principles in wastewater management. The SLR offers an exhaustive view of contemporary industrial wastewater management, accentuating the imperative of an all-encompassing approach that integrates regulatory, technological, and sustainability facets. Notably, the research identifies gaps and opportunities for forthcoming exploration, advocating for interdisciplinary research and intensified stakeholder collaboration. The study's insights cater to policymakers, practitioners, and researchers, equipping them to address the challenges and capitalize on prospects in industrial wastewater management effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikram Jit Singh
- Mechanical Engineering Dept., MM Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar Deemed to be University, Mullana, 133207, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | | | - Rippin Sehgal
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ambala College of Engineering and Applied Research, Devsthali, Ambala-133101, Haryana, India
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Zhu Z, Yogev U, Keesman KJ, Rachmilevitch S, Gross A. Integrated hydroponics systems with anaerobic supernatant and aquaculture effluent in desert regions: Nutrient recovery and benefit analysis. Sci Total Environ 2023; 904:166867. [PMID: 37678536 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydroponics is a resource-efficient system that increases food production and enhances the overall sustainability of agricultural systems, particularly in arid zones with prevalent water scarcity and limited areas of arable land. This study investigated zero-waste hydroponics systems fed by agricultural waste streams as nutrient sources under desert conditions. Three pilot-scale systems were tested and compared. The first hydroponics system ("HPAP") received its nutrient source internally from an aquaponic system, including supernatant from the anaerobic digestion of fish sludge. The second system ("HPAD") was sourced by the supernatant of plant waste anaerobic digestion, and the third served as a control that was fed by commercial Hoagland solution ("HPHS"). Fresh weight production was similar in all treatments, ranging from 488 to 539 g per shoot, corresponding to 5.7 to 6.0 kg total wet weight per m2. The recovery of N and P from wastes and their subsequent uptake by plants was highly efficient, with rates of 77 % for N and 65 % for P. Plants that were fed using supernatants demonstrated slightly higher plant quality compared with those grown in Hoagland solution. Over the duration of the full study (3 months), water was only used to compensate for evapotranspiration, corresponding to ~10 L per kg of lettuce. The potential health risk for heavy metals was negligible, as assessed using the health-risk index (HRI < 1) and targeted hazardous quotient (THQ < 1). The results of this study demonstrate that careful management can significantly reduce pollution, increase the recovery of nutrients and water, and improve hydroponics production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhu
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, Midreshet Ben Gurion 84990, Israel; Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Uri Yogev
- National Center for Mariculture, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research Institute, Eilat 88112, Israel
| | - Karel J Keesman
- Mathematical and Statistical Methods - Biometris, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Shimon Rachmilevitch
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology for Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, Midreshet Ben Gurion 84990, Israel
| | - Amit Gross
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, Midreshet Ben Gurion 84990, Israel.
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Husna, Kim BE, Won MH, Jeong MI, Oh KK, Park DS. Characterization and genomic insight of surfactin-producing Bacillus velezensis and its biocontrol potential against pathogenic contamination in lettuce hydroponics. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:121487-121500. [PMID: 37950785 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30871-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to food borne pathogen, maintaining the viability of fresh fruits and vegetable is a great concern. Several strategies including microbial and plant-based formulations to reduce their infection and maintain quality of the fresh food are in practice. Currently, Bacillus has gained significant traction as a biocontrol agent for regulating diseases affecting a variety of agricultural and horticultural crops. Food-grade citric acid and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were used as antimicrobial agent, MIC results showed that PGPR (14.87 mm) and CA (20.25 mm) exhibited notable antimicrobial activity against E. coli. Lettuce treated with PGPR showed reduction in E. coli contamination, E. coli was detected at 3.30, 3.68 in control, and 2.7 log CFU/g in random root injury lettuce inoculated with PGPR KACC 21110 respectively. Random root injury showed a trend toward increasing E. coli internalization. The strains exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, including Imipenem, tetracycline, ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, and ceftriaxone. Comprehensive data analysis revealed the presence of ten putative bacteriocin or bacteriocin-like gene clusters. The structure of lipopeptide homologs was characterized by using QTOF-MS/MS. The mass ion peaks attributed to surfactin homologs, surfactin A ion at m/z 1008.66, surfactin B, C at m/z 1022.67 and 1036.69. In addition to surfactin, a polyketide oxydifficidin and lipopeptide NO were extracted and detected from the extract of B. velezensis. Both isolates are key biocontrol agents and have significant potential in combating foodborne pathogens and can be utilized to explore novel antibacterial products for preventing pathogens in fresh produce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husna
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Eun Kim
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myeong-Hee Won
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-In Jeong
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Kyo Oh
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Suk Park
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
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Zhang S, Li J, Li Y, Jiang L, Zhao Y, Jiang X, Zhang X, Shi W. Assimilation behaviors and metabolite formations of estrone sulfate sodium (E1-3S) and 17β-estradiol-3-O-sulfate sodium (E2-3S) in the wheat. J Environ Manage 2023; 345:118666. [PMID: 37506444 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The conjugated steroid estrogens (CSEs), including estrone sulfate sodium (E1-3 S) and 17β-estradiol-3-O-sulfate sodium (E2-3 S), exhibit distinct metabolic behaviors in the aqueous and soil environments. However, their assimilation behaviors and metabolite formations in plant bodies (shoots and roots) remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study used a modified plant hydroponic system to explore the efficiency with which wheat (Triticum acstivnm L.) assimilated the two estrogen conjugates, E1-3 S and E2-3 S. Results indicated the potential of wheat to absorb E1-3 S and E2-3 S, with their assimilation in the root being significantly higher (104-105 ng/g dw) than in the shoot (103-104 ng/g dw). E1-3 S de-sulfated and transformed to estrone (E1) at a rate of 4%-45% in the root's oxidative environment, whereas E2-3 S converted to E1-3 S at 210%-570%. However, the root-to-shoot transfer was impeded by a less potent metabolic activity within the shoot system. The co-exposure treatment revealed that E1 or 17β-estradiol (E2) affects the assimilation of E1-3 S and E2-3 S by wheat, with E1 inhibiting E1-3 S assimilation and E2 promoting E2-3 S assimilation in wheat bodies. Nonetheless, free-form steroid estrogens (FSEs), which typically have a significant hormone action, can oxidative-damage the wheat tissues, producing a progressive wilting of wheat leaf and so limiting the transpiration process. Co-exposure initially increased the assimilation amounts of E1-3 S (particularly in shoots) and E2-3 S (in both roots and shoots), but these values rapidly declined as exposure duration increased. The combined effects of E1-3 S and E2-3 S exposure also increased their assimilation. These findings suggest the need for further investigation into the cumulative impact of environmental estrogen contaminants. The findings of present study can potentially guide the development of strategies to prevent and manage steroid estrogen contamination in agricultural contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yanxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiaoman Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xuelian Zhang
- Beijing Soil and Fertilizer Extension Service Station, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wenzhuo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Rajaseger G, Chan KL, Yee Tan K, Ramasamy S, Khin MC, Amaladoss A, Kadamb Haribhai P. Hydroponics: current trends in sustainable crop production. Bioinformation 2023; 19:925-938. [PMID: 37928497 PMCID: PMC10625363 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of Hydroponics with smart technology in farming is novel and has promise as a method for effective and environmentally friendly crop production. This technology eliminates the need for soil and reduces water usage by providing nutrients straight to the plant's roots. The Internet of Things (IoT), sensors, and automation are all used in "smart farming," which allows for constant monitoring of soil conditions, nutrient levels, and plant vitality to facilitate fine-grained management and optimization. The technology-driven strategy improves crop output, quickens growth rates, and keeps conditions ideal all year round regardless of weather or other environmental circumstances. In addition, smart farming lessens the need for organic chemical inputs, promotes environmentally safe methods of pest management, and minimizes the amount of waste produced. This ground-breaking strategy may significantly alter the agricultural sector by encouraging regionalized food production, enhancing food security, and adding to more resilient farming practices. This comprehensive review delves into current trends in Hydroponics, highlighting recent advancements in smart farming systems, such as Domotics, Data Acquisition, Remote Cultivation, and automated AI systems. The review also underscores the various types and advantages of smart farming hydroponic technology, emphasizing the requirements for achieving efficiency in this innovative domain. Additionally, it explores future goals and potential developments, paving the way for further advancements in hydroponic smart farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganapathy Rajaseger
- Centre for Research & Opportunities in Plant Science (CROPS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
- Centre Centre for Aquaculture and Veterinary Science (CAVS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
| | - Kit Lun Chan
- Centre for Research & Opportunities in Plant Science (CROPS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
- Centre Centre for Aquaculture and Veterinary Science (CAVS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
| | - Kay Yee Tan
- Centre for Research & Opportunities in Plant Science (CROPS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
- Centre Centre for Aquaculture and Veterinary Science (CAVS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
| | - Shan Ramasamy
- Centre for Research & Opportunities in Plant Science (CROPS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
- Centre Centre for Aquaculture and Veterinary Science (CAVS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
| | - Mar Cho Khin
- Centre for Research & Opportunities in Plant Science (CROPS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
- Centre Centre for Aquaculture and Veterinary Science (CAVS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
| | - Anburaj Amaladoss
- Centre for Research & Opportunities in Plant Science (CROPS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
- Centre Centre for Aquaculture and Veterinary Science (CAVS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
| | - Patel Kadamb Haribhai
- Centre for Research & Opportunities in Plant Science (CROPS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
- Centre Centre for Aquaculture and Veterinary Science (CAVS), School of Applied Science, Temasek Polytechnic, 21 Tampines Ave 1, Singapore 529757
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Folorunso EA, Schmautz Z, Gebauer R, Mraz J. The economic viability of commercial-scale hydroponics: Nigeria as a case study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18979. [PMID: 37609392 PMCID: PMC10440523 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of hydroponics to cultivate economic crops is an emerging agricultural practice in Nigeria. There is, however, a paucity of information on the economic viability and valuation of the production systems. This study investigated hydroponics' profitability and economic viability under small- and medium-scale production systems. The economic viability of ten hydroponic farms were evaluated using the financial metrics: net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), benefit-cost ratio (BCR), and sensitivity analysis. Sensitivity analysis based on positive and negative changes in the running cost and gross annual revenue was adopted to measure the robustness of the production method. The positive NPVs of the small-scale farmer (€42,895) and medium-scale farmer (€331,465) at a 15% discount rate show that both production scales are economically viable. The ten-year IRR of both production scales was about 83%. Similarly, the BCR showed that both the small-scale farmers (5.07) and the medium-scale farmers (4.91) are significantly profitable. In the sensitivity analysis, the small-scale farmers were more sensitive to recurrent 5% changes in the running cost at the 13% threshold. On the other hand, medium-scale farmers were less sensitive with a threshold value of 58.4%. Similarly, small-scale farmers are more sensitive to a 15% reduction in the gross annual revenue, with a negative net return of -€956. It is imperative to state that, though starting an investment in hydroponics requires a high initial investment, medium-scale farmers would be less sensitive to changes in the running cost of production in the face of uncertainties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewumi Azeez Folorunso
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Zala Schmautz
- Research Group Ecotechnology, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Radek Gebauer
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mraz
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Grünhofer P, Heimerich I, Herzig L, Pohl S, Schreiber L. Apoplastic barriers of Populus × canescens roots in reaction to different cultivation conditions and abiotic stress treatments. Stress Biol 2023; 3:24. [PMID: 37676401 PMCID: PMC10441858 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Populus is an important tree genus frequently cultivated for economical purposes. However, the high sensitivity of poplars towards water deficit, drought, and salt accumulation significantly affects plant productivity and limits biomass yield. Various cultivation and abiotic stress conditions have been described to significantly induce the formation of apoplastic barriers (Casparian bands and suberin lamellae) in roots of different monocotyledonous crop species. Thus, this study aimed to investigate to which degree the roots of the dicotyledonous gray poplar (Populus × canescens) react to a set of selected cultivation conditions (hydroponics, aeroponics, or soil) and abiotic stress treatments (abscisic acid, oxygen deficiency) because a differing stress response could potentially help in explaining the observed higher stress susceptibility. The apoplastic barriers of poplar roots cultivated in different environments were analyzed by means of histochemistry and gas chromatography and compared to the available literature on monocotyledonous crop species. Overall, dicotyledonous poplar roots showed only a remarkably low induction or enhancement of apoplastic barriers in response to the different cultivation conditions and abiotic stress treatments. The genetic optimization (e.g., overexpression of biosynthesis key genes) of the apoplastic barrier development in poplar roots might result in more stress-tolerant cultivars in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Grünhofer
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Ines Heimerich
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lena Herzig
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Svenja Pohl
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lukas Schreiber
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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Venu V, Nishil B, Kashyap A, Sonkar V, Thatikonda S. Phytotoxic Effects of Tetracycline and its Removal Using Canna indica in a Hydroponic System. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2023; 111:4. [PMID: 37347310 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03767-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Wetland plants are gaining interest as potential agents for removing emerging contaminants. However, there have been limited studies examining the ability of these plant species to remove antibiotics and their tolerance to stress. This study aimed to investigate the potential of Canna indica, an indigenous wetland plant species in India, for tetracycline-induced oxidative stress, antioxidant activity, and removal of antibiotics from nutrient media and domestic wastewater. Canna indica exhibited a removal rate of approximately 91.05 ± 0.18% for tetracycline in antibiotic containing nutrient media and 87.97 ± 0.39% in domestic wastewater. Notably, the exposure to the drug during the 30 d reaction period led to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the plant tissues. Consequently, there was a decline in chlorophyll content, alongside an increase in antioxidant activity, membrane permeability, and K + ion leakage. These findings emphasize the importance of monitoring tolerance levels induced by antibiotics in plant species. Thus, monitoring the antibiotic-induced-tolerance levels in plant species is crucial for maintaining plant health and effectively managing abiotic stress, ensuring efficient recovery and facilitating an effective wetland treatment system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnudatha Venu
- Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Benita Nishil
- Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Arun Kashyap
- Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Vikas Sonkar
- Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India
| | - Shashidhar Thatikonda
- Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana, 502285, India.
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Stringari G, Villanueva J, Rosell-Melé A, Moraleda-Cibrián N, Orsini F, Villalba G, Gabarrell X. Assessment of greenhouse emissions of the green bean through the static enclosure technique. Sci Total Environ 2023; 874:162319. [PMID: 36801412 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Urban green installations are extensively promoted to increase sustainable and accessible food production and simultaneously improve the environmental performance and liveability of city buildings. In addition to the multiple benefits of plant retrofitting, these installations may lead to a consistent increase in biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in the urban environment, especially indoors. Accordingly, health concerns could limit the implementation of building-integrated agriculture. In a building-integrated rooftop greenhouse (i-RTG), throughout the whole hydroponic cycle, green bean emissions were dynamically collected in a static enclosure. Four representative BVOCs, α-pinene (monoterpene), β-caryophyllene (sesquiterpene), linalool (oxygenated monoterpene) and cis-3-hexenol (LOX derivate), were investigated in the samples collected from two equivalent sections of a static enclosure, one empty and one occupied by the i-RTG plants, to estimate the volatile emission factor (EF). Throughout the season, extremely variable BVOC levels between 0.04 and 5.36 ppb were found with occasional but not significant (P > 0.05) variations between the two sections. The highest emission rates were observed during plant vegetative development, with EFs equivalent to 78.97, 75.85 and 51.34 ng g-1 h-1 for cis-3-hexenol, α-pinene, and linalool, respectively; at plant maturity, all volatiles were either close to the LLOQ (lowest limit of quantitation) or not detected. Consistent with previous studies significant relationships (r ≥ 0.92; P < 0.05) were individuated within volatiles and temperature and relative humidity of the sections. However, correlations were all negative and were mainly attributed to the relevant effect of the enclosure on the final sampling conditions. Overall, levels found were at least 15 folds lower than the given Risk and LCI values of the EU-LCI protocol for indoor environments, suggesting low BVOC exposure in the i-RTG. Statistical outcomes demonstrated the applicability of the static enclosure technique for fast BVOC emissions survey inside green retrofitted spaces. However, providing high sampling performance over entire BVOCs collection is recommended to reduce sampling error and incorrect estimation of the emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Stringari
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joan Villanueva
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antoni Rosell-Melé
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Moraleda-Cibrián
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Francesco Orsini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gara Villalba
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xavier Gabarrell
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain.
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Kovačič A, Andreasidou E, Brus A, Vehar A, Potočnik D, Hudobivnik MJ, Heath D, Pintar M, Maršič NK, Ogrinc N, Blaznik U, Heath E. Contaminant uptake in wastewater irrigated tomatoes. J Hazard Mater 2023; 448:130964. [PMID: 36860048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As population growth and climate change add to the problem of water scarcity in many regions, the argument for using treated wastewater for irrigation is becoming increasingly compelling, which makes understanding the risks associated with the uptake of harmful chemicals by crops crucial. In this study, the uptake of 14 chemicals of emerging concern (CECs) and 27 potentially toxic elements (PTEs) was studied in tomatoes grown in soil-less (hydroponically) and soil (lysimeters) media irrigated with potable and treated wastewater using LC-MS/MS and ICP-MS. Bisphenol S, 2,4 bisphenol F, and naproxen were detected in fruits irrigated with spiked potable water and wastewater under both conditions, with BPS having the highest concentration (0.034-0.134 µg kg-1 f. w.). The levels of all three compounds were statistically more significant in tomatoes grown hydroponically (<LOQ - 0.137 µg kg-1 f. w.) than in soil (<LOQ - 0.083 µg kg-1 f. w.). Their elemental composition shows differences between tomatoes grown hydroponically or in soil and tomatoes irrigated with wastewater and potable water. Contaminants at determined levels showed low dietary chronic exposure. When the health-based guidance values for the studied CECs are determined, results from this study will be helpful for risk assessors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Kovačič
- Department of Environmental science, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia; International Postgraduate School Jožef Stefan, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Eirini Andreasidou
- Department of Environmental science, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia; International Postgraduate School Jožef Stefan, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Anže Brus
- Department of Environmental science, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Anja Vehar
- Department of Environmental science, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia; International Postgraduate School Jožef Stefan, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Doris Potočnik
- Department of Environmental science, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Marta Jagodic Hudobivnik
- Department of Environmental science, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - David Heath
- Department of Environmental science, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Marina Pintar
- Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, Ljubljaan 1000, Slovenia
| | - Nina Kacjan Maršič
- Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, Ljubljaan 1000, Slovenia
| | - Nives Ogrinc
- Department of Environmental science, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia; International Postgraduate School Jožef Stefan, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Urška Blaznik
- Environmental Health Centre, National Institute of Public Health, Trubarjeva 2, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Ester Heath
- Department of Environmental science, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia; International Postgraduate School Jožef Stefan, Jamova cesta 39, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
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20
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Kaur G, Upadhyaya P, Chawla P. Comparative analysis of IoT-based controlled environment and uncontrolled environment plant growth monitoring system for hydroponic indoor vertical farm. Environ Res 2023; 222:115313. [PMID: 36709025 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is a very important economic sector that contributes to a nation's overall economic development. According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, with a rising population, the cereals demand will reach 3 billion tons by 2050. Also, the mission of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is to provide zero hunger and sustainable agriculture by 2030. With a simultaneous decline in cultivable land and water scarcity, food production has to increase in order to achieve the above mission. Vertical farming is a current state of art agriculture technology to increase crop yield per unit area. This work focuses on designing and constructing an IoT-enabled smart vertical farming system with a controlled environment for plant growth. This system uses the hydroponic Deep Flow Technique (DFT), various sensors, and an auto pH and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) balancing system. This paper provides a comparative analysis of IoT-based controlled environment vertical farming setup with the uncontrolled setup for Romaine lettuce in terms of plant growth parameters like plant height, maximum leaf length, maximum leaf width, and fresh and dry weight of the plant. The observed fresh weight of the aerial part for automated and unautomated setup is found to be 58.66 g and 48.81 g respectively. Also, the chemical analysis showed the plants possess the required optimum range of micro and macronutrients for both setups. The macronutrient results obtained for the controlled/automated (A setup), and uncontrolled/unautomated setup (U setup for Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K) are (PA, PU) (5.91 g/Kg, 6.06 g/Kg), and (KA, KU) (67.03 g/Kg, 74.01 g/Kg) respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaganjot Kaur
- Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Prashant Upadhyaya
- Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Paras Chawla
- Zonal Head- IT Academics, Ajeenkya D Y Patil University, Pune, Maharashtra, (iNurture Education Solution, Bangalore), India
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21
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Jurga A, Ratkiewicz K, Wdowikowska A, Reda M, Janicka M, Chohura P, Janiak K. Urine and grey water based liquid fertilizer - Production and the response of plants. J Environ Manage 2023; 331:117248. [PMID: 36652879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant cultivation is a key aspect of future long-distance space missions, and the creation of an efficient food system will not be possible without it. The production of fertilizer in space is based on the recovery of water and nutrients from wastewater, such as urine and grey water. In this study, the fertilizer production process was conducted in an aerobic, activated sludge reactor, where nitrification and the process of carbon removal take place. Treated streams have three potential factors that could affect the plants growth in a hydroponic system (anionic surfactants, nutrients deficiencies, high salinity). The effect of these factors was examined for two hydroponic configurations. Their influence on lettuce yield, quality parameters and stress response were investigated and compared to the control cultivation. The results showed that the main cause of a decrease (up to 24%) in the yield productivity of plants grown on nitrified urine and grey water is oxidative stress originated from a deficiency of elements, not from used anionic surfactant. Enrichment with nutrients resulted in the restoration of proper protein synthesis and an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which was positively reflected in the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the enriched cultivation (fresh leaves mass equal to 103% of the control). Results also show that Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate (SMCT) surfactant itself after biological treatment used in plant cultivation has no negative effects reflected in lettuce yield or quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jurga
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Ratkiewicz
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Wdowikowska
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Reda
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Janicka
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Chohura
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, St. C. K. Norwida 27, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Janiak
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland; Wroclaw Municipal Water and Sewage Company, Na Grobli 19, 50-421, Wroclaw, Poland
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22
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Fatima A, Farid M, Asam ZUZ, Zubair M, Farid S, Abbas M, Rizwan M, Ali S. Efficacy of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) for the treatment of tannery and surgical industry wastewater under citric acid amendment: a lab scale study. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:43403-43418. [PMID: 36658313 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of land and aquatic ecosystems with heavy metals (HMs) is a global issue having the persistent potential to damage the quality of food and water. In the present study, Tagetes erecta L. plants were used to assess their potential to uptake HMs from wastewater. Plants were grown in soil for 20 days and then transplanted in hydroponic system containing Hoagland nutrient solution. After more than 15 days of growth, plants were then subjected to wastewater from tannery and surgical industries in different concentrations ranging from 25 to 100% in combination of citric acid (5 and 10 mM). After 6 weeks of treatment, plants were collected and segmented into roots, stem, and leaves for characterizing the morphological properties including plant height, roots length, fresh and dry mass of roots, stem, and leaves. For evaluation of the effect of wastewater on the plants, photosynthetic pigments; soluble proteins; reactive oxygen species (ROS); antioxidant enzymes SOD, POD, CAT, and APX; and metal accumulation were analyzed. Application of industrial wastewater revealed a significant effect on plant morphology under wastewater treatments. Overall growth and physiological attributes of plant decreased, and metal accumulation enhanced with increasing concentration of wastewater. Similarly, the production of ROS and antioxidant enzymes were also increased. Chlorophyll, protein content, and enzyme production enhanced with CA (5 and 10 mM) mediation; however, ROS production and EL were reduced. Metals analysis showed that the maximum accumulation of Pb was in roots, while Cr and Ni in the stem which further increased under CA mediation. Overall, the metal accumulation ability was in the order of Pb > Ni > Cr under CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arooj Fatima
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Zaki Ul Zaman Asam
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Sheharyaar Farid
- Earth and Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Evolution, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Mohsin Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
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23
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Rose BD, Frank HE, Garcia K. Development of split-root assays for loblolly pine ( Pinus taeda L.) seedlings to study ectomycorrhizal symbioses. MethodsX 2023; 10:102046. [PMID: 36814690 PMCID: PMC9939713 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Split-root techniques are valuable to investigate systemic vs. local plant responses to biotic and abiotic environmental factors, including interactions with soil microbes. Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) is an economically important tree species that associates with many ectomycorrhizal fungi. However, a protocol for the establishment of split-roots experiments with loblolly pine has not been described so far. This method successfully establishes a split-root system in eight weeks following germination of loblolly pine seedlings. Rapid lateral root elongation is promoted by cutting the primary root tip and growing the seedlings in a hydroponic medium. Lateral roots can then be divided into two separated compartments and inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi. The method was validated by growth of split roots with or without inoculation. Root dry biomass was not significantly different between separated non-inoculated roots. Ectomycorrhizal colonization was not detected on the non-inoculated side of roots that were inoculated only on one side, demonstrating the success of the technique as a valuable method for split-root experiments in P. taeda. In addition to ectomycorrhizal fungi, researchers can use this method with loblolly pine to study systemic and local responses to a variety of other biotic or abiotic factors in the root environment.•We describe a protocol to produce split-roots in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) in eight weeks.•This protocol uses hydroponics to promote the elongation of loblolly pine roots.•We validated this protocol by determining split-root biomass and inoculating the seedlings with the ectomycorrhizal fungi Paxillus ammoniavirescens or Hebeloma cylindrosporum.
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24
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Li J, Yu Y, Chen X, Yu S, Cui M, Wang S, Song F. Effects of biochar on the phytotoxicity of polyvinyl chloride microplastics. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 195:228-237. [PMID: 36645927 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVC-MPs) are toxic to crops, resulting in economic losses during agricultural production. Owing to its strong adsorption capacity, biochar can effectively remove MPs from water. It is presumed that biochar can alleviate the phytotoxicity of PVC-MPs. To verify this hypothesis, the effects of different concentrations of corncob biochar (CCBC) on the phytotoxicity of PVC-MPs were investigated using hydroponic experiments. The results showed that PVC-MPs attached to lettuce roots substantially inhibited the growth and quality of lettuce. The tested CCBC adsorbed the PVC-MPs. At appropriate concentrations, CCBC alleviated the inhibitory effect of PVC-MPs on lettuce yield; however, it decreased some quality indicators. The single PVC-MPs induced oxidative damage to lettuce, as demonstrated by the increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Addition of CCBC considerably decreased the contents of H2O2 and MDA in the lettuce shoots but increased the H2O2 content in the roots. These findings indicate that CCBC may alleviate the adverse effects caused by PVC-MPs to the lettuce shoots but aggravate the toxic effects on the lettuce roots. This study provides a basis for understanding the removal of the phytotoxicity of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China.
| | - Yufei Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Xuehai Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Songguo Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Min Cui
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Shengsen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, China
| | - Fanhao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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25
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Ciriello M, Formisano L, Zarrelli A, Corrado G, Kyriacou MC, De Pascale S, Rouphael Y. Zinc biofortification of Genovese basil: Influence on mineral profile and estimated daily intake in adults and children. Food Res Int 2023; 164:112374. [PMID: 36737961 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the well-known beneficial function of Zn in human health, its deficiency is an increasingly recognized worldwide concern. In this work, we evaluated the agronomic biofortification of two basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) cultivars ('Aroma 2' and 'Eleonora') using nutrient solutions with different Zn concentrations (0, 12.5, 25, 37.5, and 50 µM). We focused on the impact of biofortification on the mineral profile quantified by ICP OES. Compared to the control, biofortification treatments increased Zn concentration by 22.03 % (on average). Consumption of one serving of 50 µM of Zn biofortified basil 'Aroma 2' guarantees an estimated daily intake (EDI) of 275.746 and 91.915 µg day-1 in adults and children, respectively. Furthermore, Zn biofortification positively affected the mineral profile of the leaves. Compared to the control, the B50 dose of Zn (50 μM of Zn) increased the EDI of macro and microelements in adults and children. This aspect highlights how biofortified basil consumption would improve consumers' nutritional status.
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26
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Wang W, Yuan S, Kwon JH. Insight into the uptake and translocation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in hydroponically grown lettuce. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:85454-85464. [PMID: 35799002 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21886-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in agricultural soils has raised concerns regarding the health risks associated with the consumption of PFAS-contaminated agricultural products. The present study investigated the uptake and translocation of nine PFASs in lettuce using a hydroponic setting. During the uptake experiments, long-chain PFASs (≥ C8) exhibited greater accumulations in lettuce roots, while short-chain PFASs (≤ C7) manifested preferential transport to the shoots. The average root concentration factors of PFASs were positively correlated with their log Kow values. A significantly negative relationship was found between the average translocation factors of PFASs and their molecular volume. Sorption of long-chain PFASs by lettuce roots was enhanced after heating the roots to increase the cell membrane permeability. The accumulation of perfluorododecanoic acid increased significantly in shoots of lettuce plants without roots as compared to whole lettuce plants. Results of the present study indicate that sorption to root surface tissues and efficiency in passing through the root Casparian strip are two important factors that affect the uptake and distribution of PFASs within plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Wang
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Shu Yuan
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 080301, China
| | - Jung-Hwan Kwon
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Korea.
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27
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Thanwisai L, Kim Tran HT, Siripornadulsil W, Siripornadulsil S. A cadmium-tolerant endophytic bacterium reduces oxidative stress and Cd uptake in KDML105 rice seedlings by inducing glutathione reductase-related activity and increasing the proline content. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 192:72-86. [PMID: 36208600 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the endophytic Cupriavidus taiwanensis KKU2500-3 on the Cd toxicity of KDML105 rice seedlings was investigated in a 10 μM CdCl2 hydroponic system. As demonstrated after bacterial inoculation of germinating rice seeds, KKU2500-3 colonized all rice plant parts. In RB (Rice + KKU2500-3) and RBC (Rice + KKU2500-3+Cd), KKU2500-3 effectively colonized and was detected at a markedly higher number in the root surface and interior than in shoots and leaves. The activities of antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (APOX), glutathione reductase (GR), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the proline content in inoculated rice were higher in roots and aboveground tissues. RBC exhibited a higher reduced-to-oxidized glutathione ratio in roots and leaves (3-55%) but a lower malondialdehyde content (8-78%). Phytochelatins (PCs) were detected in all rice tissues, but their levels in RBC were 13-70% lower than those in RC (Rice + Cd), demonstrating that the induction of PCs in rice was unrelated to KKU2500-3. The Cd levels in roots and shoots were lower in RBC than RC, and the root-to-shoot Cd translocation factor was 0.6-62.2% lower. At 30 DAT, the Cd levels in RBC roots and shoots were 30.2% and 73.7% lower, respectively, than those in RC. Colonized KKU2500-3 activated GR and increased the proline content to overcome rice Cd toxicity. These effects may trap Cd in plant cells and reduce its translocation. Hence, KKU2500-3 synergistically interacts with rice to detoxify Cd at early growth stages, and KDML105 rice grains with low Cd accumulation could be produced if this interaction is maintained until late growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalita Thanwisai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Hong Thi Kim Tran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wilailak Siripornadulsil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Surasak Siripornadulsil
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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28
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Nie E, Chen Y, Zhou X, Xu L, Zhang S, Li QX, Ye Q, Wang H. Uptake and metabolism of 14C-triclosan in celery under hydroponic system. Sci Total Environ 2022; 846:157377. [PMID: 35843335 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As triclosan is used extensively as an antimicrobial agent, it inevitably enters agroecosystems, when sewage and treated wastewater are applied to agricultural fields. As a result, triclosan can be accumulated into crops and vegetables. Currently, limited information is available on the metabolism of triclosan in vegetables. In this study, the fate of 14C-triclosan in celery under a hydroponic system was investigated in a 30-day laboratory test. Most (97.7 %) of the 14C-triclosan accumulated in celery. The bioconcentration factors of triclosan were up to 3140 L kg-1 at day 30. The concentration of 14C-triclosan in roots (17.8 mg kg-1) was 57- and 127-fold higher than that in stems (0.31 mg kg-1) and leaves (0.14 mg kg-1), respectively, at day 30, suggesting a higher accumulation of triclosan in celery roots and negligible transport to stems and leaves. Moreover, triclosan, as well as its eight metabolites, was detected and identified in celery tissues and the growth medium using 14C-labelling and LC-Q-TOF-MS analysis methods. Phase I metabolites in the growth medium were from hydroxylation, dechlorination, nitration, and nitrosylation. Phase II metabolism was the major pathway in celery tissues. Monosaccharide, disaccharide, and sulfate conjugates of triclosan were putatively identified. The results represent an important step toward a better evaluation of the behavior of triclosan in vegetables, with notable implications for environmental and human risk assessments of triclosan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enguang Nie
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sufen Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
| | - Qingfu Ye
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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29
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Manos DP, Xydis G. A multi-criteria linear model on carbon footprint in vertical farms and its relation to energy demand and operational costs. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:79331-79342. [PMID: 35708813 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21396-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Operational research is the scientific discipline - widespread in sciences like engineering, economics, sociology, politics - that applies advanced analytical methods to assist in decision-making. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the value of such methods to the research of the carbon footprint produced by vertical farms, in specific its decrease in regard to the pre- and post-operational energy consumption and cost that occurs throughout their lifecycle. A logistic structure was designed, dependent on specific parameters, such as the space, location, and fuel of the hydroponic unit that change during the research. This way, multiple possible scenarios could be studied. The results of each scenario were analysed and compared via a linear multi-criteria model. The results demonstrated strong dependencies (and softer links) between particular parameters, such as the choice of space and the food miles required for the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios-Panagiotis Manos
- Department of Business Administration, School of Administrative, Economics and Social Sciences, University of West Attica, P. Ralli and Thebon 250, 12244, Egaleo, Greece
| | - George Xydis
- Department of Business Development and Technology, Centre for Energy Technologies, Aarhus University, Birk Centerpark 15, 7400, Herning, Denmark.
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Mohammad ZH, Prado ID, Sirsat SA. Comparative microbial analyses of hydroponic versus in-soil grown Romaine lettuce obtained at retail. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11050. [PMID: 36281368 PMCID: PMC9587268 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The overarching goal of this study was to assess the microbiological profile of hydroponically grown Romaine lettuce and in-soil Romaine lettuce (organic and conventional). Thirty-six samples of hydroponic lettuce, seventy-two samples organic lettuce (thirty-six bagged lettuce and thirty-six non-bagged lettuce), and thirty-six conventionally grown lettuce was purchased from retail stores. A portion of each sample was analyzed for aerobic bacteria (APC), coliforms and E. coli, and yeasts and molds (YM). Another portion of each sample was enriched for Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus, and confirmed with RT-PCR. No statistical differences were found in the microbial profile (P > 0.05) between the different farming practices. The APC, coliforms, E. coli, and YM counts were similar across bagged samples. The results demonstrated that APC and E. coli were significantly higher (P<0.05) in organic non-bagged samples compared to other practices. Salmonella and L. monocytogenes were detected in some organically and conventionally grown lettuce samples but were only detected in 3 hydroponically grown lettuce samples. This study indicated that hydroponically grown lettuce obtained at retail may have food safety risks similar to organic and conventional systems. These findings highlight the need for food safety training and educational programs.
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Ebinezer LB, Battisti I, Sharma N, Ravazzolo L, Ravi L, Trentin AR, Barion G, Panozzo A, Dall'Acqua S, Vamerali T, Quaggiotti S, Arrigoni G, Masi A. Perfluorinated alkyl substances affect the growth, physiology and root proteome of hydroponically grown maize plants. J Hazard Mater 2022; 438:129512. [PMID: 35999737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Poly- and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of persistent organic pollutants causing serious global concern. Plants can accumulate PFAS but their effect on plant physiology, especially at the molecular level is not very well understood. Hence, we used hydroponically-grown maize plants treated with a combination of eleven different PFAS (each at 100 μg L-1) to investigate their bioaccumulation and effects on the growth, physiology and their impact on the root proteome. A dose-dependent decrease in root growth parameters was evidenced with a significant reduction in the relative growth rate, fresh weight of leaves and roots and altered photosynthetic parameters in PFAS-treated plants. Higher concentration of shorter PFAS (C < 8) was detected in the leaves, while long-chain PFAS (C ≥ 8) were more retained in roots. From the root proteome analysis, we identified 75 differentially abundant proteins, mostly involved in cellular metabolic and biosynthetic processes, translation and cytoskeletal reorganization. Validating the altered protein abundance using quantitative real-time PCR, the results were further substantiated using amino acid and fatty acid profiling, thus, providing first insight into the altered metabolic state of plants exposed to PFAS from a proteomics perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Barnabas Ebinezer
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Ilaria Battisti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, via G. Orus 2/B, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Ravazzolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Lokesh Ravi
- Department of Botany, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Bengaluru, India
| | - Anna Rita Trentin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Barion
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Panozzo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 PD, Italy
| | - Teofilo Vamerali
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Quaggiotti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, via G. Orus 2/B, 35129 Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy; CRIBI Biotechnology Center, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Antonio Masi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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Álvarez-Robles MJ, Clemente R, Ferrer MA, Calderón A, Bernal MP. Effects of ascorbic acid addition on the oxidative stress response of Oryza sativa L. plants to As(V) exposure. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 186:232-241. [PMID: 35926283 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of noxious elements in the edible part of crops and its impact on food safety is of increasing concern. Rice is one of the major staple food crops worldwide, including arsenic (As)-polluted areas, in which dietary As exposure is becoming a widespread health threat. Plant chemical priming has been shown to be an effective strategy to enhance tolerance to environmental stresses, including metal(loid) exposure. The priming effect of ascorbic acid (AsA) was assessed in rice seedlings exposed to As(V) in a hydroponics experiment. AsA treatment (co-addition to the growing media concomitantly (t0) or 24 h in advance (t24)) prevented an excessive accumulation of As in the roots (that decreased ∼ 60%) and stimulated the activities of photosynthetic and antioxidant attributes (∼1.2-fold) in the aerial part of the plants. The increase in proline levels in both shoots (∼2.1-fold) and roots (∼2.4-fold) was found to be the most sensitive stress parameter, and was able to reflect the AsA-induced reduction of As toxic effects (concentrations back to Control levels, both simultaneously added or added as a pretreatment) in the aerial part of the plants. However, the phytotoxic effects related to As exposure were not fully prevented by priming with AsA, and further research is needed to find alternative priming approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Álvarez-Robles
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - R Clemente
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - M A Ferrer
- Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, 30203, Cartagena, Spain
| | - A Calderón
- Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, 30203, Cartagena, Spain
| | - M P Bernal
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Zhao Y, Cartabia A, Lalaymia I, Declerck S. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. Mycorrhiza 2022; 32:221-256. [PMID: 35556179 PMCID: PMC9184413 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-022-01079-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are an important source of therapeutic compounds used in the treatment of many diseases since ancient times. Interestingly, they form associations with numerous microorganisms developing as endophytes or symbionts in different parts of the plants. Within the soil, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are the most prevalent symbiotic microorganisms forming associations with more than 70% of vascular plants. In the last decade, a number of studies have reported the positive effects of AMF on improving the production and accumulation of important active compounds in medicinal plants.In this work, we reviewed the literature on the effects of AMF on the production of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants. The major findings are as follows: AMF impact the production of secondary metabolites either directly by increasing plant biomass or indirectly by stimulating secondary metabolite biosynthetic pathways. The magnitude of the impact differs depending on the plant genotype, the AMF strain, and the environmental context (e.g., light, time of harvesting). Different methods of cultivation are used for the production of secondary metabolites by medicinal plants (e.g., greenhouse, aeroponics, hydroponics, in vitro and hairy root cultures) which also are compatible with AMF. In conclusion, the inoculation of medicinal plants with AMF is a real avenue for increasing the quantity and quality of secondary metabolites of pharmacological, medical, and cosmetic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanYan Zhao
- Université catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Mycology, Croix du Sud 2, box L7.05.06, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Annalisa Cartabia
- Université catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Mycology, Croix du Sud 2, box L7.05.06, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Ismahen Lalaymia
- Université catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Mycology, Croix du Sud 2, box L7.05.06, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Declerck
- Université catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Mycology, Croix du Sud 2, box L7.05.06, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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Brecht SA, Kong X, Xia XR, Shea D, Nichols EG. Non-target and suspect-screening analyses of hydroponic soybeans and passive samplers exposed to different watershed irrigation sources. Sci Total Environ 2022; 826:153754. [PMID: 35182644 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity increases the likelihood of irrigating food crops with municipal wastewater that may pose potential dietary risks of regulated and non-regulated organic chemical uptake to edible plant tissues. Only a few studies have used high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) to assess the uptake of chemicals of concern into food crops. This study used non-target and suspect-screening analyses to compare total chemical features, tentatively identified chemicals (TICs), and EPA ToxCast chemicals in soybean plants and passive samplers exposed to five different irrigation sources that were collected from an agricultural watershed during mild drought conditions. Secondary-treated municipal wastewater effluent, two surface waters, two ground waters, and deionized municipal tap water were used for two hydroponic experiments: soybean roots and shoots and Composite Integrative Passive Samplers (CIPS) harvested after fourteen days of exposure and soybeans after fifty-six days. CIPS were sealed in separate glass amber jars to evaluate their efficacy to mimic chemical features, TICs, and ToxCast chemical uptake in plant roots, shoots, and beans. Total soybean biomass and water use were greatest for tap water, municipal wastewater, and surface water downstream of the municipal wastewater facility relative to groundwater samples and surface water collected upstream of the wastewater facility. ToxCast chemicals were ubiquitous across watershed irrigation sources in abundance, chemical use category, and number. Wastewater-exposed soybeans had the fewest extractable TICs in plant tissues of all irrigation sources. More ToxCast chemicals were identified in CIPS than extracted from irrigation sources by solid phase extraction. ToxCast chemicals in beans and CIPS were similar in number, chemical use category, and log Kow range. CIPS appear to serve as a useful surrogate for ToxCast chemical uptake in beans, the edible food product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Brecht
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
| | - Xiang Kong
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Statera Environmental, Inc., Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Xin Rui Xia
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Statera Environmental, Inc., Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Damian Shea
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Statera Environmental, Inc., Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Elizabeth Guthrie Nichols
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Technology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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Xylia P, Chrysargyris A, Botsaris G, Skandamis P, Tzortzakis N. Salmonella Enteritidis survival in different temperatures and nutrient solution pH levels in hydroponically grown lettuce. Food Microbiol 2022; 102:103898. [PMID: 34809930 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2021.103898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Due to climate change, with contaminated and less fertile soils, and intense weather phenomena, a turn towards hydroponic vegetable production has been made. Hydroponic cultivation of vegetables is considered to be a clean, safe and environmentally friendly growing technique; however, incidence of microbial contamination i.e. foodborne pathogens, might occur, endangering human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different plant growth stages, pH (values 5, 6, 7, 8) and bacterial inoculum levels (3 and 6 log cfu/mL) on hydroponically cultivated lettuce spiked with Salmonella Enteritidis. The results revealed that the pH and inoculum levels affected the internalization and survival of the pathogen in the hydroponic environment and plant tissue. Younger plants were found to be more susceptible to pathogen internalization compared to older ones. Under the current growing conditions (hydroponics, pH and inoculum levels), no leaf internalization was observed at all lettuce growth stages, despite the bacterium presence in the hydroponic solution. Noticeably, bacteria load at the nutrient solution was lower in low pH levels. These results showed that bacterium presence initiates plant response as indicated by the increased phenols, antioxidants and damage index markers (H2O2, MDA) in order for the plant to resist contamination by the invader. Nutrient solution management can result in Taylor-made recipes for plant growth and possible controlling the survival and growth of S. Enteritidis by pH levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panayiota Xylia
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Antonios Chrysargyris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - George Botsaris
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Panagiotis Skandamis
- Faculty of Food Science & Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tzortzakis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
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Aski M, Mehra R, Mishra GP, Singh D, Yadav P, Rai N, Reddy VRP, MB AK, Pandey R, Singh MP, Gayacharan, Bansal R, Tripathi K, Udupa SM, Kumar S, Sarker A, Dikshit HK. Genotypic variation in root architectural traits under contrasting phosphorus levels in Mediterranean and Indian origin lentil genotypes. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12766. [PMID: 35291490 PMCID: PMC8918163 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of phosphorus-efficient crop cultivars boosts productivity while lowering eutrophication in the environment. It is feasible to improve the efficiency of phosphorus (P) absorption in lentils by enhancing phosphorus absorption through root architectural traits. The root architectural traits of 110 diverse lentil genotypes of Indian and Mediterranean origin were assessed, and the relationships between traits were investigated. In a hydroponics experiment, the lentil lines were examined at the seedling stage under two conditions: adequate P supply and deficient P supply. The Pearson correlation coefficients between root architectural traits and genetic diversity among lentil lines were assessed. To estimate variance components, a model (fixed factor) was used. In this experiment, both phosphorus (P) and genotype were fixed variables. Our lentil lines showed significant genetic variability and considerable genetic diversity for all traits under both treatments. The TRL (total root length) and PRL (primary root length) showed strong positive associations with all other characteristics excluding root average diameter (RAD) in both P treatments. In both P treatments, the RAD revealed a negative significant association with Total Root Tips (TRT), as well as total root volume (TRV) and total root forks (TRF) in the deficit conditions of P. Total root volume (TRV), total surface area (TSA), and total root tips had higher coefficient variance values. The first two principal components represented 67.88% and 66.19% of the overall variance in the adequate and deficit P treatments respectively. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H') revealed that RAD, PRL, and TSA had more variability than TRT and TRF under both treatments. According to the Comprehensive Phosphorus Efficiency Measure (CPEM), the best five highly efficient genotypes are PLL 18-09, PLS 18-01, PLL 18-25, PLS 18-23, and PLL 18-07, while IG112131, P560206, IG334, L11-231, and PLS18-67 are highly inefficient genotypes. The above contrasting diverse lentil genotypes can be utilized to produce P-efficient lentil cultivars. The lentil germplasm with potentially favorable root traits can be suggested to evaluated for other abiotic stress to use them in crop improvement programme. The scientific breakthroughs in root trait phenotyping have improved the chances of establishing trait-allele relationships. As a result, genotype-to-phenotype connections can be predicted and verified with exceptional accuracy, making it easier to find and incorporate favourable nutrition-related genes/QTLs in to breeding programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muraleedhar Aski
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Reena Mehra
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Gyan Prakash Mishra
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Dharmendra Singh
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Prachi Yadav
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Neha Rai
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | | - Arun Kumar MB
- Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Renu Pandey
- Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Madan Pal Singh
- Plant Physiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Gayacharan
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sripada M. Udupa
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Shiv Kumar
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ashutosh Sarker
- India International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Harsh Kumar Dikshit
- Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Lopez-Guerrero MG, Wang P, Phares F, Schachtman DP, Alvarez S, van Dijk K. A glass bead semi-hydroponic system for intact maize root exudate analysis and phenotyping. Plant Methods 2022; 18:25. [PMID: 35246193 PMCID: PMC8897885 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00856-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there have been numerous studies describing plant growth systems for root exudate collection, a common limitation is that these systems require disruption of the plant root system to facilitate exudate collection. Here, we present a newly designed semi-hydroponic system that uses glass beads as solid support to simulate soil impedance, which combined with drip irrigation, facilitates growth of healthy maize plants, collection and analysis of root exudates, and phenotyping of the roots with minimal growth disturbance or root damage. RESULTS This system was used to collect root exudates from seven maize genotypes using water or 1 mM CaCl2, and to measure root phenotype data using standard methods and the Digital imaging of root traits (DIRT) software. LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) targeted metabolomics platforms were used to detect and quantify metabolites in the root exudates. Phytohormones, some of which are reported in maize root exudates for the first time, the benzoxazinoid DIMBOA (2,4-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one), amino acids, and sugars were detected and quantified. After validating the methodology using known concentrations of standards for the targeted compounds, we found that the choice of the exudate collection solution affected the exudation and analysis of a subset of analyzed metabolites. No differences between collection in water or CaCl2 were found for phytohormones and sugars. In contrast, the amino acids were more concentrated when water was used as the exudate collection solution. The collection in CaCl2 required a clean-up step before MS analysis which was found to interfere with the detection of a subset of the amino acids. Finally, using the phenotypic measurements and the metabolite data, significant differences between genotypes were found and correlations between metabolites and phenotypic traits were identified. CONCLUSIONS A new plant growth system combining glass beads supported hydroponics with semi-automated drip irrigation of sterile solutions was implemented to grow maize plants and collect root exudates without disturbing or damaging the roots. The validated targeted exudate metabolomics platform combined with root phenotyping provides a powerful tool to link plant root and exudate phenotypes to genotype and study the natural variation of plant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Felicia Phares
- Nebraska Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Daniel P Schachtman
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Sophie Alvarez
- Nebraska Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
| | - Karin van Dijk
- Biochemistry Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
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Mohsin M, Salam MMA, Nawrot N, Kaipiainen E, Lane DJ, Wojciechowska E, Kinnunen N, Heimonen M, Tervahauta A, Peräniemi S, Sippula O, Pappinen A, Kuittinen S. Phytoextraction and recovery of rare earth elements using willow (Salix spp.). Sci Total Environ 2022; 809:152209. [PMID: 34883169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil and water contaminations are caused by rare earth elements (REEs) due to mining and industrial activities, that threaten the ecosystem and human health. Therefore, phytoremediation methods need to be developed to overcome this problem. To date, little research has been conducted concerning the phytoremediation potential of Salix for REEs. In this study, two Salix species (Salix myrsinifolia and Salix schwerinii) and two Salix cultivars (Klara and Karin) were hydroponically exposed to different concentrations of six-REE for 4 weeks. The treatments were: T1 (Control: tap water), T2 (La: 50 mg/L) and T3 (La 11.50 + Y 11 + Nd 10.50 + Dy 10 + Ce 12 and Tb 11.50 in mg L-1). The effects of the REE on Salix growth indicators (height, biomass, shoot diameter and root length), concentrations of REE in the produced biomass, and accumulation of REE in different parts of the Salix (stem, root, and leaf) tissues, were determined. In addition, the retention of REE in ashes following Salix combustion (800 and 1000 °C) was determined. The result indicates that with La and REE exposure, the height growth, dry biomass, shoot diameter and root length of all Salix remained equivalent to the control treatment excluding Klara, which displayed relatively higher growth in all parameters. Further, among the REE studied, the highest La concentration (8404 μg g-1 DW) and La accumulation (10,548 μg plant-1) were observed in Karin and Klara root respectively. Translocations and bioconcentration factors were discovered at <1 for all Salix, which indicates their phytostabilization potential. The total REE concentrations in bottom ashes varied between 7 and 8% with retention rates between 85 and 89%. This study demonstrates that Salix are suitable candidates for REE phytostabilization and the remediation of wastewater sites to limit metals percolating to the water layers in the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohsin
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Mir Md Abdus Salam
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Nicole Nawrot
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Erik Kaipiainen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Daniel J Lane
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1E, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Mineral Resources, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Queensland Centre for Advanced Technologies (QCAT), 1 Technology Court, Pullenvale, QLD 4069, PO Box 883, Kenmore, Australia
| | - Ewa Wojciechowska
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Niko Kinnunen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Mikko Heimonen
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1E, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arja Tervahauta
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1E, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sirpa Peräniemi
- School of Pharmacy, Biocenter Kuopio, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Sippula
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1E, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Ari Pappinen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Suvi Kuittinen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland.
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Yadav RK, Sahoo S, Patil SA. Performance evaluation of the integrated hydroponics-microbial electrochemical technology (iHydroMET) for decentralized domestic wastewater treatment. Chemosphere 2022; 288:132514. [PMID: 34634278 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Here we report on the performance of the integrated drip hydroponics-microbial electrochemical technology (iHydroMET) for decentralized management of domestic wastewater at the household level. The study focused on optimizing the iHydroMET reactor components, followed by its performance evaluation for domestic wastewater treatment at different feed volumes. Based on the reactor components optimization work, granular activated charcoal:cocopeat (20:80) combination for bed matrix, 75% immersed cathode in effluent configuration, and Catharanthus roseus plant were selected for further experiments. The iHydroMET system with the optimized reactor components achieved efficient removal of organic matter (up to 93%) and turbidity (up to 98%) but minimal total nitrogen (<24%) and total phosphorous (<8%) removal after 24 h with 10 L of feed volume. It also removed the contaminants of emerging concern, such as sterols, at >95% efficiency. The UV-treated effluent (<2 MPN/100 mL) with considerable concentrations of N (∼34 mg/L) and P (∼5 mg/L) nutrients qualifies the standards for agricultural use and landscape irrigation purposes and contribute to lowering the burden on freshwater usage. The system also produced a power density of 30.3 mW/m2. Cultivation of evergreen C. roseus, a high aesthetic value ornamental and medicinal plant, further adds to ecological and environmental benefits of the iHydroMET technology. Further modifications in system operation like creating a saturation zone in the reactor units might improve the electric output and result in sufficient removal of nutrients, making the use of effluent for flushing and other purposes possible in households.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi K Yadav
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Siddhant Sahoo
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Sunil A Patil
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali (IISER Mohali), Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, 140306, Punjab, India.
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Nie E, Wang H, Chen Y, Lu Y, Akhtar K, Riaz M, Zhang S, Yu Z, Ye Q. Distinct uptake and accumulation profiles of triclosan in youdonger (Brassica campestris subsp. Chinensis var. communis) under two planting systems: Evidence from 14C tracing techniques. Chemosphere 2022; 288:132651. [PMID: 34699880 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan is a widely used biocide against microorganisms and is ubiquitously distributed in the environment. Triclosan can be accumulated into plants from soil and hydroponic media. However, little information is currently available on the comparative fate of triclosan in plants under soil and hydroponics cultivation conditions and factors governing uptake. Therefore, this study was designed to comparatively elucidate the uptake mechanism of 14C-triclosan in youdonger (Brassica campestris subsp. Chinensis var. communis) grown under different soils and hydroponics and clarify dominant uptake factors. Results showed that 77.2% of 14C were accumulated in youdonger grown in a hydroponic system, while only 1.24%-2.33% were accumulated in the two soil-planting systems. In addition, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 14C-triclosan in soil-plant systems was approximately 400-fold smaller than that in the hydroponics. In the soil-planting system, a strong linear correlation was found between concentrations of triclosan in soil pore water and youdonger plant (R2 > 0.85, p < 0.01) at different incubation times. Therefore, triclosan in pore water might be a good indicator to estimate its accumulation in plants and is significantly affected by soil pH, clay, and organic matter contents. The estimated average dietary intakes of triclosan for youdonger grown in hydroponic and soil-planting systems were estimated to be 1.31 ng day-1 kg-1 and 0.05-0.12 ng day-1 kg-1, respectively, much lower than the acceptable dietary intakes of triclosan (83 μg day-1 kg-1), indicating no significant human health risks from youdonger consumption. This study provided insights into uptake routes of triclosan into youdonger plants from both soil and hydroponic systems, bioavailability of triclosan in different soils, and further assessment of human exposure to triclosan from youdonger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enguang Nie
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuhui Lu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kashif Akhtar
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sufen Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhiyang Yu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qingfu Ye
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Liu T, Man Y, Li P, Zhang H, Cheng H. A Hydroponic Study on Effect of Zinc Against Mercury Uptake by Triticale: Kinetic Process and Accumulation. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2022; 108:359-365. [PMID: 34181031 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03298-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the ability of triticale uptake of Mercury (Hg), clarified whether triticale root uptake of Hg2+ via Zinc (Zn2+) transports, using hydroponic experiments. At 25℃, when Hg exposure in solution was lower than 20 μM, Hg concentration in the roots can be better described by a hyperbolic function, which shows a saturable characteristic. Under ice-cold (< 2℃) conditions, a nonsaturable (linear) component was found. Low exposure of Zn2+ (0-1 μM) inhibited plant Hg uptake when Hg exposure in the solution ranged from 1 to 10 μM, it showed an antagonistic effect of Zn on plant uptake of Hg. When Hg exposure was 20 μM, it revealed a synergistic effect of Zn on plant uptake of Hg, Hg in the root increased at the Zn (1 μM) exposure in the solution. Our results will deepen the understanding of Hg transfer in the soil-plant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Man
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, People's Republic of China
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Acosta-Gamboa LM, Campbell ZC, Gao F, Babst B, Lorence A. A Novel High-Throughput Phenotyping Hydroponic System for Nitrogen Deficiency Studies in Arabidopsis thaliana. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2539:19-24. [PMID: 35895192 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2537-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput phenotyping enables the temporal detection of subtle changes in plant plasticity and adaptation to different conditions, such as nitrogen deficiency, in an accurate, nondestructive, and unbiased way. Here, we describe a protocol to assess the contribution of nitrogen addition or deprival using an image-based system to analyze plant phenotype. Thousands of images can be captured throughout the life cycle of Arabidopsis, and those images can be used to quantify parameters such as plant growth (area, caliper length, diameter, etc.), in planta chlorophyll fluorescence, and in planta relative water content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zachary C Campbell
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, USA
| | - Fei Gao
- Arkansas Forest Resources Center, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System, Monticello, AR, USA
| | - Benjamin Babst
- Arkansas Forest Resources Center, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas System, Monticello, AR, USA.
| | - Argelia Lorence
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, USA.
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Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the staple food for over half of the world population. However, most rice varieties are severely injured by abiotic stresses, with strong social and economic impacts. Understanding rice responses to stress may guide breeding for more tolerant varieties. However, the lack of consistency in the design of the stress experiments described in the literature limits comparative studies and output assessments. The use of identical setups is the only way to generate comparable data. This chapter comprises three sections, describing the experimental conditions established at the Genomics of Plant Stress (GPlantS) unit of ITQB NOVA to assess the response of rice plants to different abiotic stresses-high salinity, cold, drought, simulated drought, and submergence-and their recovery capacity when intended. All sections include a detailed description of the materials and methodology and useful notes gathered from our team experience. We use seedlings since rice plants at this stage show high sensitivity to abiotic stresses. For the salt, cold, and simulated drought (PEG, polyethylene glycol) stress assays, we grow rice seedlings in a hydroponic system, while for the drought assay, plants are grown in soil and subjected to water withholding. For submergence, we use water-filled Magenta boxes. All setups enable visual score determination and are suitable for sample collection during stress imposition and also recovery. The proposed methodologies are affordable and straightforward to implement in most labs, allowing the discrimination of several rice genotypes at the molecular and phenotypic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Fernandes
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Genomics of Plant Stress Unit, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Fredilson Melo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Genomics of Plant Stress Unit, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria Beatriz Vieira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Genomics of Plant Stress Unit, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tiago F Lourenço
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Genomics of Plant Stress Unit, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Chiara Pucciariello
- PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Nelson J M Saibo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Genomics of Plant Stress Unit, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Isabel A Abreu
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Genomics of Plant Stress Unit, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M Margarida Oliveira
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Genomics of Plant Stress Unit, Oeiras, Portugal.
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Grünhofer P, Guo Y, Li R, Lin J, Schreiber L. Hydroponic cultivation conditions allowing the reproducible investigation of poplar root suberization and water transport. Plant Methods 2021; 17:129. [PMID: 34911563 PMCID: PMC8672600 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-021-00831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With increasing joint research cooperation on national and international levels, there is a high need for harmonized and reproducible cultivation conditions and experimental protocols in order to ensure the best comparability and reliability of acquired data. As a result, not only comparisons of findings of different laboratories working with the same species but also of entirely different species would be facilitated. As Populus is becoming an increasingly important genus in modern science and agroforestry, the integration of findings with previously gained knowledge of other crop species is of high significance. RESULTS To ease and ensure the comparability of investigations of root suberization and water transport, on a high degree of methodological reproducibility, we set up a hydroponics-based experimental pipeline. This includes plant cultivation, root histochemistry, analytical investigation, and root water transport measurement. A 5-week-long hydroponic cultivation period including an optional final week of stress application resulted in a highly consistent poplar root development. The poplar roots were of conical geometry and exhibited a typical Casparian band development with subsequent continuously increasing suberization of the endodermis. Poplar root suberin was composed of the most frequently described suberin substance classes, but also high amounts of benzoic acid derivatives could be identified. Root transport physiology experiments revealed that poplar roots in this developmental stage have a two- to tenfold higher hydrostatic than osmotic hydraulic conductivity. Lastly, the hydroponic cultivation allowed the application of gradually defined osmotic stress conditions illustrating the precise adjustability of hydroponic experiments as well as the previously reported sensitivity of poplar plants to water deficits. CONCLUSIONS By maintaining a high degree of harmonization, we were able to compare our results to previously published data on root suberization and water transport of barley and other crop species. Regarding hydroponic poplar cultivation, we enabled high reliability, reproducibility, and comparability for future experiments. In contrast to abiotic stress conditions applied during axenic tissue culture cultivation, this experimental pipeline offers great advantages including the growth of roots in the dark, easy access to root systems before, during, and after stress conditions, and the more accurate definition of the developmental stages of the roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Grünhofer
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Yayu Guo
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruili Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jinxing Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lukas Schreiber
- Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee 1, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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Halbert-Howard A, Häfner F, Karlowsky S, Schwarz D, Krause A. Evaluating recycling fertilizers for tomato cultivation in hydroponics, and their impact on greenhouse gas emissions. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:59284-59303. [PMID: 32851526 PMCID: PMC8541969 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10461-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Soilless culture systems offer an environmentally friendly and resource-efficient alternative to traditional cultivation systems fitting within the scheme of a circular economy. The objective of this research was to examine the sustainable integration of recycling fertilizers in hydroponic cultivation-creating a nutrient cycling concept for horticultural cultivation. Using the nutrient film technique (NFT), three recycling-based fertilizer variants were tested against standard synthetic mineral fertilization as the control, with 11 tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Pannovy) per replicate (n = 4) and treatment: two nitrified urine-based fertilizers differing in ammonium/nitrate ratio (NH4+:NO3-), namely (1) "Aurin" (AUR) and (2) "Crop" (CRO); as well as (3) an organo-mineral mixture of struvite and vinasse (S+V); and (4) a control (NPK). The closed chamber method was adapted for gas fluxes (N2O, CH4, and CO2) from the root zone. There was no indication in differences of the total shoot biomass fresh matter and uptake of N, P and K between recycling fertilizers and the control. Marketable fruit yield was comparable between NPK, CRO and S+V, whereas lower yields occurred in AUR. The higher NH4+:NO3- of AUR was associated with an increased susceptibility of blossom-end-rot, likely due to reduced uptake and translocation of Ca. Highest sugar concentration was found in S+V, which may have been influenced by the presence of organic acids in vinasse. N2O emissions were highest in S+V, which corresponded to our hypothesis that N2O emissions positively correlate with organic-C input by the fertilizer amendments. Remaining treatments showed barely detectable GHG emissions. A nitrified urine with a low NH4+:NO3- (e.g., CRO) has a high potential as recycling fertilizer in NFT systems for tomato cultivation, and S+V proved to supply sufficient P and K for adequate growth and yield. Alternative cultivation strategies may complement the composition of AUR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aladdin Halbert-Howard
- "Next-generation horticultural systems" (HORTSYS), Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ) e.V., Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Franziska Häfner
- "Next-generation horticultural systems" (HORTSYS), Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ) e.V., Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Stefan Karlowsky
- "Functional Plant Biology" (FUNCT), Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ) e.V., Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Dietmar Schwarz
- "Functional Plant Biology" (FUNCT), Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ) e.V., Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Ariane Krause
- "Next-generation horticultural systems" (HORTSYS), Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ) e.V., Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979, Großbeeren, Germany.
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Greenfeld A, Becker N, Bornman JF, Spatari S, Angel DL. Monetizing environmental impact of integrated aquaponic farming compared to separate systems. Sci Total Environ 2021; 792:148459. [PMID: 34157536 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aquaponics is an emerging industry promoted as a sustainable agricultural practice. Economic sustainability of aquaponics is challenging, partly because some of the benefits are external to the grower, necessitating public intervention to support the industry. We used life cycle assessment to estimate the environmental impact of a proposed aquaponic system and applied a set of economic valuation methods to assess the costs of identified impact factors. We found that the system, planned to produce 60,000 ornamental fish and 108,000 lettuce heads per year would impact the environment with a cost of 10,700 EUR annually, about half the environmental cost of separate production of the same produce. Most of the external cost can be attributed to the industrial processes that prepare products used for aquaponic production. Although this method provides only a rough estimate of actual system impact, it can potentially be used to assess the cost-effectiveness of aquaponics from an environmental perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asael Greenfeld
- Department of Maritime Civilizations, Charney School of Marine Science, University of Haifa, 199 Abba Khoushy Blvd, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel; Department of Economics and Management, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 12210, Israel.
| | - Nir Becker
- Department of Economics and Management, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee 12210, Israel.
| | - Janet F Bornman
- Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
| | - Sabrina Spatari
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
| | - Dror L Angel
- Department of Maritime Civilizations, Charney School of Marine Science, University of Haifa, 199 Abba Khoushy Blvd, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel.
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Lawson-Wood K, Jaafar M, Felipe-Sotelo M, Ward NI. Investigation of the uptake of molybdenum by plants from Argentinean groundwater. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:48929-48941. [PMID: 33928502 PMCID: PMC8410703 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13902-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Some regions of Argentina are affected by high concentrations of molybdenum, arsenic and vanadium from natural sources in their groundwater. In particular, Mo levels in groundwater from Eduardo Castex (La Pampa, Argentina) typically exceed the guidelines for drinking water formerly established by WHO at 70 μg/L. Therefore, this study investigated the uptake of Mo in plants, using cress (Lepidium sativum L.) as a model using hydroponic experiments with synthetic solutions and groundwater from La Pampa. Cress grown from control experiments (150 μg/L Mo, pH 7) presented an average Mo concentration of 35.2 mg/kg (dry weight, d.w.), higher than the typical total plant range (0.7-2.5 mg/kg d.w.) in the literature. Using pooled groundwater samples (65.0-92.5 μg/L Mo) from wells of La Pampa (Argentina) as growth solutions resulted in significantly lower cress Mo levels (1.89-4.59 mg/kg d.w.) than were obtained for synthetic solutions of equivalent Mo concentration. This may be due to the high levels in these groundwater samples of As, V, Fe and Mn which are known to be associated with volcanic deposits. This research addressed the hitherto scarcity of data about the effect of various physicochemical parameters on the uptake of Mo in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Lawson-Wood
- ICP-MS Facility, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
- Perkin Elmer, Chalfont Road, Seer Green, Buckinghamshire, HP9 2FX, UK
| | - Maisarah Jaafar
- ICP-MS Facility, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Mónica Felipe-Sotelo
- ICP-MS Facility, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Neil I Ward
- ICP-MS Facility, Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK
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Fuzawa M, Duan J, Shisler JL, Nguyen TH. Peracetic Acid Sanitation on Arugula Microgreens Contaminated with Surface-Attached and Internalized Tulane Virus and Rotavirus. Food Environ Virol 2021; 13:401-411. [PMID: 33871810 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-021-09473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydroponic production of vegetables is becoming more common, especially in regions with unfavorable climate for year-round crop production. However, if viruses are present in the hydroponics feed water, then there is a chance that infectious viruses will be internalized into the tissues of hydroponically grown vegetables. When this happens, surface sanitization of postharvest vegetables may not be effective because the sanitizer cannot disinfect the internalized viruses. In this study, we determined if the effectiveness of peracetic acid (PAA), a sanitizer used in the vegetable industry, is affected by the location of viruses (produce surface or interior tissue) in microgreen arugula. Either internally or externally contaminated hydroponically grown microgreen arugula was then treated with PAA at either 30 or 80 ppm for up to 3 min. The PAA disinfection efficacy was higher when the RV was on the arugula surface (approximately 5-log10 in PFU after 3 min of exposure), instead of the arugula interior (1.5-log10 in PFU after 3 min of exposure). However, PAA disinfection efficacy of TV was not dependent on the virus location in arugula. For both internalized TV and RV, the disinfection efficacy was less than 2-log10 in PFU using all the tested PAA concentrations and exposure times examined here. Thus, both the type and location of virus in fresh vegetables may influence the virus disinfection of postharvest vegetables. Therefore, the optimization of sanitation for postharvest fresh vegetables is needed to reduce foodborne viral infection risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyu Fuzawa
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Jinglin Duan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Joanna L Shisler
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Thanh H Nguyen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Lee E, Rout PR, Bae J. The applicability of anaerobically treated domestic wastewater as a nutrient medium in hydroponic lettuce cultivation: Nitrogen toxicity and health risk assessment. Sci Total Environ 2021; 780:146482. [PMID: 33770595 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The applicability of anaerobic effluent (AE) from an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) treating domestic wastewater as a nutrient medium was evaluated through hydroponic cultivation of lettuce. The growth of lettuce plants on AE media was significantly inhibited to 31-40% in height and 36-48% in number of leaves compared to that on half-strength Hoagland solution (HHS) as a control. The primary cause of inhibition was nitrite toxicity as induced by partial nitrification. Therefore, the nitrification of AE as a pre-treatment step was adopted to prevent the toxicity of nitrite. The heights of lettuce grown on nitrified anaerobic effluent (NAE) and nitrified anaerobic effluent with 96 mg/L sulfate (NAES) were in the range of 11.4-11.5 cm and was comparable to that on control solution (11.4 cm). The potential health risk for heavy metals was insignificant based on health risk index (HRI < 1) and targeted hazardous quotient (THQ < 1). These results show that efficient crop production can be achieved with AE, but suitable pre-treatment steps should be followed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunseok Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Michuhol-gu, Inharo 100, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Prangya Ranjan Rout
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Michuhol-gu, Inharo 100, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Bae
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Michuhol-gu, Inharo 100, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Salinas F, Astete CE, Waldvogel JH, Navarro S, White JC, Elmer W, Tamez C, Davis JA, Sabliov CM. Effects of engineered lignin-graft-PLGA and zein-based nanoparticles on soybean health. NanoImpact 2021; 23:100329. [PMID: 35559830 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The majority of published research on the effect of engineered nanoparticles on terrestrial plant species is focused on inorganic nanoparticles, with the effects of organic polymeric nanoparticles (NP) on plants remaining largely unexplored. It is critical to understand the impact of polymeric NPs on plants if these particles are to be used as agrochemical delivery systems. This study investigates the effect of biodegradable polymeric lignin-based nanoparticles (LNPs) and zein nanoparticles (ZNP) on soybean plant health. The LNPs (114 ± 3.4 nm, -53.8 ± 6.9 mV) were synthesized by emulsion evaporation from lignin-graft-poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid, and ZNPs (142 ± 3.9 nm and + 64.5 ± 4.7 mV) were synthesized by nanoprecipitation. Soybeans were grown hydroponically and treated with 0.02, 0.2, and 2 mg/ml of LNPs or ZNPs at 28 days after germination. Plants were harvested after 1, 3, 7 and 14 days of particle exposure and analyzed for root and stem length, chlorophyll concentration, dry biomass of roots and stem, nutrient uptake and plant ROS. Root and stem length, chlorophyll and stem biomass did not differ significantly between treatments and controls for LNPs-treated plants at all concentrations, and at low doses of ZNPs. At 2 mg/ml ZNPs, the highest concentration tested, after 7 days of treatment chlorophyll levels and root biomass increased and stem length was reduced in comparison to the control. Nutrient uptake was largely unaffected at 0.02 and 0.2 mg/ml NPs. A concentration-dependent increase in the oxidative stresss was detected, especially in the ZNP treated plants. Overall, LNPs and ZNPs had a minimum impact on soybean health especially at low and medium doses. To our knowledge this is the first study to show the effect of zein and lignin based polymeric NPs designed for agrochemical delivery on soybean plant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fallon Salinas
- Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Ag Center, United States of America
| | - Carlos E Astete
- Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Ag Center, United States of America
| | - John H Waldvogel
- Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Ag Center, United States of America
| | - Sara Navarro
- Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Ag Center, United States of America
| | - Jason C White
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, United States of America
| | - Wade Elmer
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, United States of America
| | - Carlos Tamez
- Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey A Davis
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, United States of America
| | - Cristina M Sabliov
- Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University and LSU Ag Center, United States of America.
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