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Zhu J, Xue X, Ju R, Zhao J, Liu F, Han X, Yan Y, Wang Y, Feng Z, Lin D, Chen Z, Wang Y, Chen X, Chu C, Zuo S, Zhang Y. Ectopic Expression of Gastrodia Antifungal Protein in Rice Enhances Resistance to Rice Sheath Blight Disease. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 10:33. [PMID: 38248943 PMCID: PMC10820164 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Sheath blight (ShB) disease, caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, is one of the most serious rice diseases. Rice breeding against ShB has been severely hindered because no major resistance genes or germplasms are available in rice. Here, we report that introduction of Gastrodia antifungal protein (GAFP) genes from Gastrodia elata B1 into rice significantly enhances resistance to rice ShB. Four GAFP genes were cloned from G. elata B1, and all displayed a strong ability to inhibit R. solani growth in plate assays. Two versions, with or without a signal peptide, for each of the four GAFP genes were introduced into XD3 and R6547 rice cultivars, and all transgenic lines displayed stronger ShB resistance than the corresponding wild-type control in both greenhouse and field conditions. Importantly, GAFP2 showed the highest ShB resistance; GAFPs with and without its signal peptide showed no significant differences in enhancing ShB resistance. We also evaluated the agronomic traits of these transgenic rice and found that ectopic expression of GAFPs in rice at appropriate levels did not affect agronomic traits other than enhancing ShB resistance. Together, these results indicate that GAFP genes, especially GAFP2, have great potential in rice breeding against ShB disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junkai Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
- Jiangsu Kingearth Seed Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiang Xue
- Department of Horticulture, Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Jiangsu Safety& Environment Technology and Equipment for Planting and Breeding Industry Engineering Research Center, Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ran Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Fen Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Xian Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Yu Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Yu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Zhiming Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Dongmei Lin
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Zongxiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Y.W.); (C.C.)
| | - Xijun Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Y.W.); (C.C.)
| | - Shimin Zuo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China/Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yafang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (J.Z.); (R.J.); (J.Z.); (F.L.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (Y.W.); (Z.F.); (Z.C.); (X.C.)
- Jiangsu Safety& Environment Technology and Equipment for Planting and Breeding Industry Engineering Research Center, Yangzhou Polytechnic College, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Li D, Wu X, Huang C, Lin Q, Wang Y, Yang X, Wang C, Xuan Y, Wei S, Mei Q. Enhanced Rice Resistance to Sheath Blight through Nitrate Transporter 1.1B Mutation without Yield Loss under NH 4+ Fertilization. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:19958-19969. [PMID: 38085756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen fertilization can promote rice yield but decrease resistance to sheath blight (ShB). In this study, the nitrate transporter 1.1b (nrt1.1b) mutant that exhibited less susceptibility to ShB but without compromising yield under NH4+ fertilization was screened. NRT1.1B's regulation of ShB resistance was independent of the total nitrogen concentration in rice under NH4+ conditions. In nrt1.1b mutant plants, the NH4+ application modulated auxin signaling, chlorophyll content, and phosphate signaling to promote ShB resistance. Furthermore, the findings indicated that NRT1.1B negatively regulated ShB resistance by positively modulating the expression of H+-ATPase gene OSA3 and phosphate transport gene PT8. The mutation of OSA3 and PT8 promoted ShB resistance by increasing the apoplastic pH in rice. Our study identified the ShB resistance mutant nrt1.1b, which maintained normal nitrogen use efficiency without compromising yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianxin Wu
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110161, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiujun Lin
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110161, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Songhong Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Mei
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People's Republic of China
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Xie W, Cao W, Lu S, Zhao J, Shi X, Yue X, Wang G, Feng Z, Hu K, Chen Z, Zuo S. Knockout of transcription factor OsERF65 enhances ROS scavenging ability and confers resistance to rice sheath blight. Mol Plant Pathol 2023; 24:1535-1551. [PMID: 37776021 PMCID: PMC10632786 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight (ShB) is a devastating disease that severely threatens rice production worldwide. Induction of cell death represents a key step during infection by the ShB pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. In the present study, we identified a rice transcription factor, OsERF65, that negatively regulates resistance to ShB by suppressing cell death. OsERF65 was significantly upregulated by R. solani infection in susceptible cultivar Lemont and was highly expressed in the leaf sheath. Overexpression of OsERF65 (OsERF65OE) decreased rice resistance, while the knockout mutant (oserf65) exhibited significantly increased resistance against ShB. The transcriptome assay revealed that OsERF65 repressed the expression of peroxidase genes after R. solani infection. The antioxidative enzyme activity was significantly increased in oserf65 plants but reduced in OsERF65OE plants. Consistently, hydrogen peroxide content was apparently reduced in oserf65 plants but accumulated in OsERF65OE plants. OsERF65 directly bound to the GCC box in the promoter regions of four peroxidase genes and suppressed their transcription, reducing the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). The oserf65 mutant exhibited a slight decrease in plant height but increased grain yield. Overall, our results revealed an undocumented role of OsERF65 that acts as a crucial regulator of rice resistance to R. solani and a potential target for improving both ShB resistance and rice yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Wenlei Cao
- College of Tourism and Cuisine, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Shuaibing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xiaopin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xuanyu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Guangda Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Zhiming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Keming Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Zongxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Shimin Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingAgricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri‐Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of ChinaInstitutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
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Panda S, R. NK, Pavani S. L, Ganesan S, Singh PK, Sah RP, V. P, Subudhi H, Mahender A, Anandan A, Ali J. Multi-environment evaluation of rice genotypes: impact of weather and culm biochemical parameters against sheath blight infection. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1280321. [PMID: 37965010 PMCID: PMC10642295 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1280321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the major diseases of rice, causing widespread crop losses. The use of semi-dwarf rice varieties in the ongoing nutrient-intensive rice cultivation system has further accentuated the incidence of the disease. An ideal solution to this problem would be identifying a stable sheath blight-tolerant genotype. Material and methods A multi-environment evaluation of 32 rice genotypes against sheath blight infection was conducted over six seasons across two locations (Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (28.18° N, 38.03° E, and 75.5 masl), for four years during the wet seasons (kharif) from 2015 to 2018 and two seasons at the National Rice Research Institute (20°27'09" N, 85°55'57" E, 26 masl), Cuttack, Odisha, during the dry season (rabi) of 2019 and the kharif of 2019, including susceptible and resistant check. Percent disease index data were collected over 4 weeks (on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th day after infection), along with data on other morphological and physiological traits. Result and discussion The resistant genotypes across seasons were the ones with a higher hemicellulose content (13.93-14.64) and lower nitrogen content (1.10- 1.31) compared with the susceptible check Tapaswini (G32) (hemicellulose 12.96, nitrogen 1.38), which might explain the resistant reaction. Three different stability models-additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI), genotype + genotype x environment (GGE) biplot, and multi-trait stability index (MTSI)-were then used to identify the stable resistant genotypes across six seasons. The results obtained with all three models had common genotypes highlighted as stable and having a low area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values. The ideal stable genotypes with low disease incidence were IC 283139 (G19), Tetep (G28), IC 260917 (G4), and IC 277274 (G10), with AUDPC values of 658.91, 607.46, 479.69, and 547.94, respectively. Weather parameters such as temperature, rainfall, sunshine hours, and relative humidity were also noted daily. Relative humidity was positively correlated with the percent disease index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Panda
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anushandhan (SOA) [Deemed to be University (DU)], Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Naveen kumar R.
- Division of Plant Pathology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) - National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Cuttack, India
| | - Lalitha Pavani S.
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Plant Biosecurity Division, National Institute of Plant Health Management (NIPHM), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sangeetha Ganesan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Singh
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rameswar Prasad Sah
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) - National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Cuttack, India
| | - Padmakumar V.
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Hatanath Subudhi
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) - National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Cuttack, India
| | - Anumalla Mahender
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Annamalai Anandan
- Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) - National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Cuttack, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Seed Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Jauhar Ali
- Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
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Deb L, Dutta P, Mandal MK, Singh SB. Antimicrobial Traits of Beauveria bassiana Against Rhizoctonia solani, the Causal Agent of Sheath Blight of Rice Under Field Conditions. Plant Dis 2023:PDIS04220806RE. [PMID: 37327392 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-04-22-0806-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Beauveria bassiana, an entomopathogenic fungus, has recently drawn attention worldwide not only as a potential biocontrol agent against insect pests but also for its other beneficial roles as plant disease antagonist, endophyte, plant growth promoter, and beneficial rhizosphere colonizer. In the present study, 53 native isolates of B. bassiana were screened for antifungal ability against Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of sheath blight of rice. Also, the mechanisms underlying such interaction and the responsible antimicrobial traits involved were studied. Following this, potential B. bassiana isolates were assayed against the reduction of sheath blight of rice under field conditions. The results showed that B. bassiana exhibited antagonistic behavior against R. solani with a percent mycelial inhibition recorded maximum of up to 71.15%. Mechanisms behind antagonism were the production of cell-wall-degrading enzymes, mycoparasitism, and the release of secondary metabolites. The study also deciphered several antimicrobial traits and the presence of virulent genes in B. bassiana as a determinant of potential plant disease antagonists. Under field conditions, combined application of the B. bassiana microbial consortium as a seed treatment, seedling root dip, and foliar sprays showed reduced sheath blight disease incidence and severity up to 69.26 and 60.50%, respectively, along with enhanced plant-growth-promoting attributes. This is one of the few studies investigating the antagonistic abilities of the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana against phytopathogen R. solani and the underlying mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipa Deb
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post-Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Umiam, Meghalaya 793103, India
| | - Pranab Dutta
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post-Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Umiam, Meghalaya 793103, India
| | - Mihir Kumar Mandal
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis, Salinas, CA 93905, U.S.A
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Zhou T, He Y, Han X, Sun Q, Xuan YH. β-Glucanase Family Genes Promote Resistance to Sheath Blight in Rice by Inhibiting the Permeability of Plasmodesmata. J Agric Food Chem 2023. [PMID: 37314350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight (ShB) caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most serious diseases that threatens rice (Oryza sativa) production. However, the mechanisms of defense against ShB in rice remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified that the expression levels of β-glucanase (OsBGL) family genes sensitively respond to infection by R. solani, and OsBGLs positively regulate rice resistance to ShB. In addition, OsBGL2 colocalized with AtPDCB1 at the plasmodesmata (PD) and limited the PD permeability. The level of callose accumulation in osbgls mutants and overexpressors was examined, and OsBGLs were found contribute to callose accumulation. Taken together, these data suggest that OsBGLs can regulate the deposition of callose at the PD to reduce its permeability to defend itself against ShB. Through the identification of these genes and the elucidation of their functions, this research fills the gap in the mechanism of PD permeability in rice ShB resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiange Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ying He
- Foreign Language Teaching Department, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiao Han
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Qian Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuan Hu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Shen E, Wang X, Lu Z, Zhou F, Ma W, Cui Z, Li Z, Li C, Lin Y. Overexpression of a beta-1,6-glucanase gene GluM in transgenic rice confers high resistance to rice blast, sheath blight and false smut. Pest Manag Sci 2023; 79:2152-2162. [PMID: 36729081 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent fungal diseases tend to lead to severe losses in rice production. As a main component of the fungal cell wall, glucan plays an important role in the growth and development of fungi. Glucanase can inhibit the growth of fungi by breaking glycosidic bonds, and may be a promising target for developing rice varieties with broad-spectrum disease resistance. RESULTS We transferred a codon-optimized β-1,6-glucanase gene (GluM) from myxobacteria into the japonica rice variety Zhonghua11 (ZH11), and obtained a large number of individual transgenic plants with GluM overexpression. Based on molecular analysis, three single-copy homozygous lines with GluM overexpression were selected for assessment of fungal disease resistance at the T3 generation. Compared with that of the recipient cultivar ZH11, the area of rice blast lesion in transgenic rice was reduced by 82.71%; that of sheath blight lesion was decreased by 35.76%-43.67%; the sheath blight resistance in the field was enhanced by an average of 0.75 grade over 3 years; and the incidence of diseased panicles due to rice false smut was decreased by 65.79%. More importantly, there was no obvious loss of yield (without a significant effect on agronomic traits). Furthermore, plants overexpressing a β-1,6-glucanase gene showed higher disease resistance than rice plants overexpressing a β-1,3-glucanase gene derived from tobacco. CONCLUSION The β-1,6-glucanase gene GluM can confer broad-spectrum disease resistance to rice, providing an environmentally friendly alternative way to effectively manage fungal pathogens in rice production. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enlong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingchao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaoxi Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weihua Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongli Cui
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Interaction and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhoukun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changyan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Liu Y, Jia L, Zhou C, Mao Y, Shen S, Hao Z, Li Z. Genome Resource of Rhizoctonia solani Anastomosis Group 4 Strain AG4-JY, a Pathomycete of Sheath Blight of Foxtail Millet. Plant Dis 2023; 107:926-928. [PMID: 36265148 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-22-1542-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The basidiomycetous fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (teleomorph Thanatephorus cucumeris [Frank] Donk) is a fungal pathogen that causes various diseases on economically important crops, such as foxtail millet, maize, and rice. Using the PacBio Sequel platform, we assembled a draft genome of an R. solani strain AG4-JY that was isolated from foxtail millet with sheath blight at the stem. The genome was approximately 43.43 Mb on 53 scaffolds, with a scaffold N50 length of 2.10 Mb. In all, 10,545 genes and 179 noncoding RNAs were predicted, and 10,488 genes had at least one database annotation. In addition, the proteins encoded by 709 genes were predicted as secretory proteins. The AG4-JY genome sequence provides a valuable resource for understanding the interactions between R. solani and foxtail millet and controls sheath blight in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Bioinformatic Utilization and Technological Innovation Center for Agricultural Microbes, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Lixia Jia
- Institute of Agricultural Information and Economics, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Bioinformatic Utilization and Technological Innovation Center for Agricultural Microbes, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Bioinformatic Utilization and Technological Innovation Center for Agricultural Microbes, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zhimin Hao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Bioinformatic Utilization and Technological Innovation Center for Agricultural Microbes, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Utilization for Featured Coarse Cereals (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Minor Cereal Crops of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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9
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Chen H, Lin Q, Li Z, Chu J, Dong H, Mei Q, Xuan Y. Calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase 31 confers resistance to sheath blight via modulation of ROS homeostasis in rice. Mol Plant Pathol 2023; 24:221-231. [PMID: 36633167 PMCID: PMC9923392 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight (ShB) severely threatens rice cultivation and production; however, the molecular mechanism of rice defence against ShB remains unclear. Screening of transposon Ds insertion mutants identified that Calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase 31 (CIPK31) mutants were more susceptible to ShB, while CIPK31 overexpressors (OX) were less susceptible. Sequence analysis indicated two haplotypes of CIPK31: Hap_1, with significantly higher CIPK31 expression, was less sensitive to ShB than the Hap_2 lines. Further analyses showed that the NAF domain of CIPK31 interacted with the EF-hand motif of respiratory burst oxidase homologue (RBOHA) to inhibit RBOHA-induced H2 O2 production, and RBOHA RNAi plants were more susceptible to ShB. These data suggested that the CIPK31-mediated increase in resistance is not associated with RBOHA. Interestingly, the study also found that CIPK31 interacted with catalase C (CatC); cipk31 mutants accumulated less H2 O2 while CIPK31 OX accumulated more H2 O2 compared to the wild-type control. Further analysis showed the interaction of the catalase domain of CatC with the NAF domain of CIPK31 by which CIPK31 inhibits CatC activity to accumulate more H2 O2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Qiujun Lin
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing TechnologyLiaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyangChina
| | - Zhuo Li
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Jin Chu
- Institution of Plant ProtectionLiaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyangChina
| | - Hai Dong
- Institution of Plant ProtectionLiaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyangChina
| | - Qiong Mei
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
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10
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Shen M, Cai C, Song L, Qiu J, Ma C, Wang D, Gu X, Yang X, Wei W, Tao Y, Zhang J, Liu G, Zhu C. Elevated CO 2 and temperature under future climate change increase severity of rice sheath blight. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1115614. [PMID: 36778685 PMCID: PMC9909553 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1115614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight (ShB), caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is one of the major threats to rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. However, it is not clear how the risk of rice ShB will respond to elevated CO2 and temperature under future climate change. Here, we conducted, field experiments of inoculated R. solani under combinations of two CO2 levels (ambient and enriched up to 590 μmol mol-1) and two temperature levels (ambient and increased by 2.0°C) in temperature by free-air CO2 enrichment (T-FACE) system for two cultivars (a susceptible cultivar, Lemont and a resistant cultivar, YSBR1). Results indicate that for the inoculation of plants with R. solani, the vertical length of ShB lesions for cv. Lemont was significantly longer than that for cv. YSBR1 under four CO2 and temperature treatments. The vertical length of ShB lesions was significantly increased by elevated temperature, but not by elevated CO2, for both cultivars. The vertical length of ShB lesions under the combination of elevated CO2 and elevated temperature was increased by 21-38% for cv. Lemont and by -1-6% for cv. YSBR1. A significant increase in MDA level was related to a significant increase in the vertical length of ShB lesions under the combination of elevated CO2 and elevated temperature. Elevated CO2 could not compensate for the negative effect of elevated temperature on yield of both cultivars under future climate change. Rice yield and biomass were further decreased by 2.0-2.5% and 2.9-4.2% by an increase in the severity of ShB under the combination of elevated CO2 and elevated temperature. Thus, reasonable agronomic management practices are required to improve both resistance to ShB disease and grain yield for rice under future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangbo Qiu
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chuanqi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyue Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jishuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunwu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
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11
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Dauda WP, Shanmugam V, Tyagi A. Biocontrol of sheath blight of rice (Oryza sativa L.) through alteration in expression dynamics of candidate effector genes of Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA during pathogenesis. Lett Appl Microbiol 2023; 76:6887837. [PMID: 36688753 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In genome analyses of Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA causing sheath blight (ShB) of rice, many genes were identified to have a hypothetical role in pathogenesis. To understand their roles in pathogenesis, their expressions during fungal infection were studied. An aggressive R. solani strain, RIRS-K, was first identified among six isolates, RIRS-K, RIRS-17, RIRS-S, RIRS-T, RIRS-MU and RIRS-FD, for inducing a maximum relative lesion height (RLH) of 32.7% on a ShB susceptible cultivar, Pusa Basmati-1. Hypothetical pathogenicity genes (52 nos) identified by in silico analyses of the publicly available genomic database of the pathogen strain were evaluated in Pathogen-Host Interaction (PHI) blast and RIRS-K. Though PHI blast identified 26 genes as potential ones, only 8 were constitutively expressive in RIRS-K cultured in a minimal broth. Among them, only expressions of AG1IA_06195, AG02692, AG04508, and AG05730 were induced in the rice plant inoculated with RIRS-K and, hence, were identified as the candidate ones. The candidate genes were highly expressed in the aggressive strain (RIRS-K) in comparison to the less aggressive one (RIRS-17). In further testing of their expressions in the highly aggressive fungal strain, RIRS-K infecting PB-1 pre-colonized by a potent biocontrol consortium comprising of Bacillus subtilis (S17TH), Pseudomonas putida (TEPF-Sungal-1), and Trichoderma harzianum (S17TH), the disease scoring and gene expression studies indicated that the candidate genes were downregulated. The studies, therefore, speculated that these genes might play a role in pathogen aggressiveness and ShB development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadzani Palnam Dauda
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Division of Plant Pathology, New Delhi, 110 012, India.,Crop Science Unit, Department of Agronomy, Federal University, Gashua, Yobe State, P.M.B. 1005, Nigeria
| | - Veerubommu Shanmugam
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Division of Plant Pathology, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Aditya Tyagi
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Division of Plant Pathology, New Delhi, 110 012, India
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12
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Jung JH, Li Z, Chen H, Yang S, Li D, Priatama RA, Kumar V, Xuan YH. Mutation of phytochrome B promotes resistance to sheath blight and saline-alkaline stress via increasing ammonium uptake in rice. Plant J 2023; 113:277-290. [PMID: 36440495 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phytochrome B (PhyB), a red-light receptor, plays important roles in diverse biological processes in plants; however, its function in NH4 + uptake and stress responses of plants is unclear. Here, we observed that mutation in indeterminate domain 10 (IDD10), which encodes a key transcription factor in NH4 + signaling, led to NH4 + -sensitive root growth in light but not in the dark. Genetic combinations of idd10 and phy mutants demonstrated that phyB, but not phyA or phyC, suppressed NH4 + -sensitive root growth of idd10. PhyB mutants and PhyB overexpressors (PhyB OXs) accumulated more and less NH4 + , respectively, compared with wild-type plants. Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) revealed that PhyB negatively regulated NH4 + -mediated induction of Ammonium transporter 1;2 (AMT1;2). AMT1 RNAi plants with suppressed AMT1;1, AMT1;2, and AMT1;3 expression exhibited shorter primary roots under NH4 + conditions. This suggested that NH4 + uptake might be positively associated with root growth. Further, PhyB interacted with and inhibited IDD10 and brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1). IDD10 interacted with BZR1 to activate AMT1;2. NH4 + uptake is known to promote resistance of rice (Oryza sativa) to sheath blight (ShB) and saline-alkaline stress. Inoculation of Rhizoctonia solani demonstrated that PhyB and IDD10 negatively regulated and AMT1 and BZR1 positively regulated resistance of rice to ShB. In addition, PhyB negatively regulated and IDD10 and AMT1 positively regulated resistance of rice to saline-alkaline stress. This suggested that PhyB-IDD10-AMT1;2 signaling regulates the saline-alkaline response, whereas the PhyB-BZR1-AMT1;2 pathway modulates ShB resistance. Collectively, these data prove that mutation in the PhyB gene enhances the resistance of rice to ShB and saline-alkaline stress by increasing NH4 + uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Jung
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea
| | - Zhuo Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ryza A Priatama
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea
| | - Vikranth Kumar
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea
| | - Yuan Hu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
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13
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Acharya U, Das T, Ghosh Z, Ghosh A. Defense Surveillance System at the Interface: Response of Rice Towards Rhizoctonia solani During Sheath Blight Infection. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2022; 35:1081-1095. [PMID: 36000178 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-22-0153-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight of rice caused by necrotrophic plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most common fungal diseases of rice leading to significant yield loss. Among the defense responses exhibited by the host plants towards fungal infections, those functional within the apoplast contribute significantly. Here, we have studied apoplastic defense response of rice towards R. solani during sheath blight infection. The transcriptome of R. solani-infected rice plants was compared with that of uninfected rice, to identify the set of defense genes that undergo differential expression and code for proteins with a predicted N-terminal signal peptide. Significant changes in the stress-responsive, molecular signal perception, protein modification, and metabolic process pathways represented by a group of differentially expressed genes were observed. Our data also revealed two secreted protease inhibitors from rice that exhibit increased expression during R. solani infection and induce disease resistance when expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udita Acharya
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Troyee Das
- Division of Bioinformatics, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Zhumur Ghosh
- Division of Bioinformatics, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Anupama Ghosh
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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14
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Poonguzhali P, Chauhan A, Kar A, Lavale S, Nayak SN, Prashanthi SK. New Sources of Resistance and Identification of DNA Marker Loci for Sheath Blight Disease Caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, in Rice. Plant Pathol J 2022; 38:572-582. [PMID: 36503186 PMCID: PMC9742804 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.04.2022.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight disease caused by the necrotrophic, soilborne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, is the global threat to rice production. Lack of reliable stable resistance sources in rice germplasm pool for sheath blight has made resistance breeding a very difficult task. In the current study, 101 rice landraces were screened against R. solani under artificial epiphytotics and identified six moderately resistant landraces, Jigguvaratiga, Honasu, Jeer Sali, Jeeraga-2, BiliKagga, and Medini Sannabatta with relative lesion height (RLH) range of 21-30%. Landrace Jigguvaratiga with consistent and better level of resistance (21% RLH) than resistant check Tetep (RLH 28%) was used to develop mapping population. DNA markers associated with ShB resistance were identified in F2 mapping population developed from Jigguvaratiga × BPT5204 (susceptible variety) using bulk segregant analysis. Among 56 parental polymorphic markers, RM5556, RM6208, and RM7 were polymorphic between the bulks. Single marker analysis indicated the significant association of ShB with RM5556 and RM6208 with phenotypic variance (R2) of 28.29 and 20.06%, respectively. Co-segregation analysis confirmed the strong association of RM5556 and RM6208 located on chromosome 8 for ShB trait. This is the first report on association of RM6208 marker for ShB resistance. In silico analysis revealed that RM6208 loci resides the stearoyl ACP desaturases protein, which is involved in defense mechanism against plant pathogens. RM5556 loci resides a protein, with unknown function. The putative candidate genes or quantitative trait locus harbouring at the marker interval of RM5556 and RM6208 can be further used to develop ShB resistant varieties using molecular breeding approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pachai Poonguzhali
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580005, Karnataka,
India
| | - Ashish Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580005, Karnataka,
India
| | - Abinash Kar
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580005, Karnataka,
India
| | - Shivaji Lavale
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580005, Karnataka,
India
| | - Spurthi N. Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580005, Karnataka,
India
| | - S. K. Prashanthi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580005, Karnataka,
India
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad 580005, Karnataka,
India
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15
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Liu S, Wang T, Meng G, Liu J, Lu D, Liu X, Zeng Y. Cytological observation and transcriptome analysis reveal dynamic changes of Rhizoctonia solani colonization on leaf sheath and different genes recruited between the resistant and susceptible genotypes in rice. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1055277. [PMID: 36407598 PMCID: PMC9669801 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1055277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is a big threat to the global rice production. To characterize the early development of R. solani on rice leaf and leaf sheath, two genotypes, GD66 (a resistant genotype) and Lemont (a susceptible genotype), were observed using four cytological techniques: the whole-mount eosin B-staining confocal laser scanning microscopy (WE-CLSM), stereoscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and plastic semi-thin sectioning after in vitro inoculation. WE-CLSM observation showed that, at 12 h post-inoculation (hpi), the amount of hyphae increased dramatically on leaf and sheath surface, the infection cushions occurred and maintained at a huge number from about 18 to 36 hpi, and then the infection cushions disappeared gradually from about 42 to 72 hpi. Interestingly, R. solani could not only colonize on the abaxial surfaces of leaf sheath but also invade the paraxial side of the leaf sheath, which shows a different behavior from that of leaf. RNA sequencing detected 6,234 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for Lemont and 7,784 DEGs for GD66 at 24 hpi, and 2,523 DEGs for Lemont and 2,719 DEGs for GD66 at 48 hpi, suggesting that GD66 is recruiting more genes in fighting against the pathogen. Among DEGs, resistant genes, such as OsRLCK5, Xa21, and Pid2, displayed higher expression in the resistant genotype than the susceptible genotype at both 24 and 48 hpi, which were validated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Our results indicated that the resistance phenotype of GD66 was the consequence of recruiting a series of resistance genes involved in different regulatory pathways. WE-CLSM is a powerful technique for uncovering the mechanism of R. solani invading rice and for detecting rice sheath blight-resistant germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianya Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoxian Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dibai Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Feng Z, Xu M, Yang J, Zhang R, Geng Z, Mao T, Sheng Y, Wang L, Zhang J, Zhang H. Molecular characterization of a novel strain of Bacillus halotolerans protecting wheat from sheath blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1019512. [PMID: 36325560 PMCID: PMC9618607 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1019512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Rhizoctonia solani Kühn naturally infects and causes Sheath blight disease in cereal crops such as wheat, rice and maize, leading to severe reduction in grain yield and quality. In this work, a new bacterial strain Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 showing efficient antagonistic activity against the pathogenic strain Rhizoctonia solani Kühn sh-1 was isolated. Antagonistic, phylogenetic and whole genome sequencing analyses demonstrate that Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 strongly suppressed the growth of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn sh-1, showed a close evolutionary relationship with B. halotolerans F41-3, and possessed a 3,965,118 bp circular chromosome. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that the genome of Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 contained ten secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) encoding five non-ribosomal peptide synthases, two polyketide synthase, two terpene synthases and one bacteriocin synthase, and a new kijanimicin biosynthetic gene cluster which might be responsible for the biosynthesis of novel compounds. Gene-editing experiments revealed that functional expression of phosphopantetheinyl transferase (SFP) and major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter genes in Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 was essential for its antifungal activity against R. solani Kühn sh-1. Moreover, the existence of two identical chitosanases may also make contribution to the antipathogen activity of Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001. Our findings will provide fundamental information for the identification and isolation of new sheath blight resistant genes and bacterial strains which have a great potential to be used for the production of bacterial control agents. IMPORTANCE A new Bacillus halotolerans strain Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 resistant to sheath blight in wheat is isolated. Bacillus halotolerans LDFZ001 harbors a new kijanimicin biosynthetic gene cluster, and the functional expression of SFP and MFS contribute to its antipathogen ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Feng
- College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Mingzhi Xu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Jin Yang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Renhong Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Zigui Geng
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Tingting Mao
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yuting Sheng
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Limin Wang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong (Ludong University), Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, China
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Mohd Hanafiah N, Cheng A, Lim PE, Sethuraman G, Mohd Zain NA, Baisakh N, Mispan MS. Novel PCR-Based Multiplex Assays for Detecting Major Quality and Biotic Stress in Commercial and Weedy Rice. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101542. [PMID: 36294977 PMCID: PMC9604669 DOI: 10.3390/life12101542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Rice, the staple food for more than half of humanity, is grown predominantly in Asia, the world’s most populous continent with the fastest-growing economy. The present-day rice industry must not only meet increasing demand but also changing consumer demands, with a strong emphasis placed on producing high-quality rice. While the rapid development of advanced genotyping methods can be useful for modern rice breeding programs, some methods (such as capillary electrophoresis or sequencing) can be costly to apply in laboratories with limited resources. To address this issue, we developed six novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays that employ a standard agarose-based gel electrophoresis system to simultaneously detect at least two major grain quality (amylose content and fragrance) and biotic stress (blast, sheath blight, and bacterial leaf blight) genes in rice. One of these assays, which can detect all three targeted biotic stresses, was found to be useful in screening Malaysian weedy rice that may contain novel sources of disease resistance. The universal protocol described in this study can be used in routine molecular laboratories to aid rice breeding initiatives in Malaysia and other resource-constrained countries. Abstract While previous research has demonstrated that multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be a cost-effective approach to detect various genes in crops, the availability of multiplex assays to simultaneously screen both grain quality and biotic stress resistance traits in rice (Oryza sativa) is limited. In this work, we report six novel multiplex assays that use a universal protocol to detect major rice grain quality (amylose content and fragrance) and biotic stress (blast, sheath blight, and bacterial leaf blight) traits with amplified products consisting of up to four primer pairs that can be analyzed using a standard agarose-based gel electrophoresis system. Recent studies have suggested that weedy rice has novel sources of disease resistance. However, an intensive screening of weedy biotypes has not been reported in Malaysia. Accordingly, we employed one of the developed multiplex assays to screen reported genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with blast, sheath blight, and bacterial leaf blight diseases in 100 weedy rice biotypes collected from five local fields, with phenotyping performed to validate the genotyping results. In conclusion, our universal multiplex protocol is effective for the large-scale genotyping of rice genetic resources, and it can be employed in routine molecular laboratories with limited resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Acga Cheng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Phaik-Eem Lim
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Gomathy Sethuraman
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Amalina Mohd Zain
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Niranjan Baisakh
- School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Muhamad Shakirin Mispan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (M.S.M.)
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18
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Dauda WP, Rana VS, Shanmugam V. Identification of a new phytotoxic compound from culture filtrates of an aggressive Rhizoctonia solani AG 1A isolate inducing sheath blight of rice. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:1346-1359. [PMID: 36122185 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202200399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Phytotoxins produced by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-1A (Anastomosis Group 1 Subgroup 1A) play a significant role in developing sheath blight disease in rice. A phytotoxin in the partially purified ethyl acetate fraction from the culture filtrate of a highly aggressive R. solani (RIRS-K) isolate, with Indian Type Culture Collection (ITCC) number 7479, infecting rice that could incite necrotic symptoms characteristic of the fungus was identified. The role of the crude toxin in the pathogenicity and virulence of the fungal pathogen on rice was first established by artificial inoculation assay under controlled conditions. The crude ethyl acetate extract obtained from the culture filtrate of RIRS-K was first fractionated by column chromatography. Further purification of the bioactive fraction was carried out by using bioassay-guided fractionation, and a toxic fraction was obtained. The most bioactive fraction was analyzed by GC-MS analysis, and 3-butylpyridine (3-BP) was identified as a major compound in the active fraction by comparing its mass spectrum with NIST library and its standard. The purified bioactive fraction and standard (3-BP) toxicity was further validated and compared at 1000 ppm. The result showed that both the bioactive fraction and the 3-BP have caused necrosis, similar to the one incited by R. solani. This study showed that 3-BP is one of the major compounds responsible for the necrosis development in the rice plant during ShB disease and is a hitherto unexplored toxin of R. solani in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadzani P Dauda
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.,Crop Science Unit, Department of Agronomy, Federal University, Gashua, Nigeria
| | - Virendra S Rana
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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19
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Yang G, Liu R, Ma P, Chen H, Zhang R, Wang X, Li Y, Hu Y. Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Regulation on Plant Type, Population Ecology and Sheath Blight of Hybrid Rice. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2306. [PMID: 36079688 PMCID: PMC9460105 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Sheath blight is one of the most economically significant rice diseases worldwide. A study was conducted in order to find the relationship and impact of the amount of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) application on the hybrid rice population microclimate and the severity of sheath blight. (2) Methods: Four N and four P application levels were used to determine their impact on plant type, temperature, and humidity variation in different positions of population and the severity of sheath blight in the later stage. (3) Results: We found that N and P application levels could affect the plant type and change the population temperature and humidity by increasing the leaf length and leaf angle. (4) Conclusions: N application had a more significant (p < 0.05) impact on the plant type. High N application caused decreased temperature (hybrid rice population), while increased humidity (especially the population base layer at grain filling stage) resulted in severe sheath blight. High P application had similar impacts; however, P application increased material and nitrogen transport in plants and reduced the severity of sheath blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guotao Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Rong Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Peng Ma
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Rongping Zhang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xuechun Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Yongyan Li
- Radiology Department, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Yungao Hu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
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20
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Dauda WP, Singh Rana V, Solanke AU, Krishnan G, Bashya BM, Aggarwal R, Shanmugam V. Metabolomic analysis of sheath blight disease of rice (Oryza sativa L.) induced by Rhizoctonia solani phytotoxin. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:3215-3227. [PMID: 35957552 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To understand the mechanism of necrosis incited by a host-selective phytotoxin designated as Rhizoctonia solani toxin (RST) identified to be a potential pathogenic factor of Rhizoctonia solani AG1 IA, causing sheath blight (ShB) of rice. METHODS AND RESULTS The metabolomic changes induced by the phytotoxic metabolite in a ShB susceptible rice cultivar were elucidated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and compared with that of the pathogen to identify rice metabolites targeted by the phytotoxin. The profiles of about 29 metabolites with various physiological roles in rice plants have been identified worldwide. Unsupervised and supervised multivariate chemometrics (Principal Component Analysis, PCA and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis, PLS-DA) and cluster (Heat maps) analyses were used to compare the metabolites obtained from chemical profiles of the treatments with sterile distilled water (SDW) control. The results indicated that the rice plant expressed more metabolites in response to the pathogen than the phytotoxin and was lowest in SDW control. The key metabolites expressed in rice in response to the treatments were investigated by the Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) analysis using P< 0.05 VIP >15. The analysis identified 7 and 11 upregulating metabolites in the phytotoxin and the pathogen treatments, respectively, compared to the untreated control. Among the phytotoxin-treated and the pathogen inoculated samples, the phytotoxin treated sample recorded upregulation of 6 metabolites, whereas 9 metabolites were upregulated in the pathogen inoculated samples. These upregulating metabolites are speculated for the necrotic symptoms characteristic to both the phytotoxin and pathogen. In this analysis, hexadecanoic acid and dotriacontane were highly expressed metabolites specific to the phytotoxin and pathogen-treated samples, respectively. Besides upregulation, the metabolites also have a VIP score of >1.5 and hence fulfilled the criteria of classifying them as reliable potential biomarkers. In the pathway analysis, hexadecanoic acid and dotriacontane were identified to be involved in several important biosynthetic pathways of rice, such as the biosynthesis of saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acids cutin, suberin, and wax. CONCLUSIONS The study concludes that though certain metabolites induced by the phytotoxin in the susceptible variety during necrosis shares with that of the pathogen, the identification of metabolites specific to the phytotoxin in comparison to the pathogenic and SDW controls indicated that the phytotoxin modulates the host metabolism differently and hence can be a potential pathogenicity factor of the ShB fungus. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Due to lack of knowledge on the pathway genes of RST and in the absence of an ShB resistant variety, understanding differentially expressed metabolic changes induced in the susceptible variety by the phytotoxin in comparison to that of the pathogenic and uninoculated controls enables us to identify the key metabolite changes during the ShB infection. Such metabolomic changes can further be used to infer gene functions for exploitation in ShB control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadzani Palnam Dauda
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.,Crop Science Unit, Department of Agronomy, Federal University, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Gopala Krishnan
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rashmi Aggarwal
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Cui Z, Xue C, Mei Q, Xuan Y. Malectin Domain Protein Kinase (MDPK) Promotes Rice Resistance to Sheath Blight via IDD12, IDD13, and IDD14. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158214. [PMID: 35897795 PMCID: PMC9331740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sheath blight (ShB) caused by Rhizoctonia solani is a major disease of rice, seriously affecting yield; however, the molecular defense mechanism against ShB remains unclear. A previous transcriptome analysis of rice identified that R. solani inoculation significantly induced MDPK. Genetic studies using MDPK RNAi and overexpressing plants identified that MDPK positively regulates ShB resistance. This MDPK protein was found localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. Yeast one-hybrid assay, electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA), and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) showed that the intermediate domain proteins IDD12, IDD13, and IDD14 bind to the MDPK promoter. Moreover, IDD14 was found to interact with IDD12 and IDD13 to form a transcription complex to activate MDPK expression. The three IDDs demonstrated an additive effect on MDPK activation. Further genetic studies showed that the IDD13 and IDD14 single mutants were more susceptible to ShB but not IDD12, while IDD12, IDD13, and IDD14 overexpressing plants were less susceptible than the wild-type plants. The IDD12, IDD13, and IDD14 mutants also proved the additive effect of the three IDDs on MDPK expression, which regulates ShB resistance in rice. Notably, MDPK overexpression maintained normal yield levels in rice. Thus, our study proves that IDD12, IDD13, and IDD14 activate MDPK to enhance ShB resistance in rice. These results improve our knowledge of rice defense mechanisms and provide a valuable marker for resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Cui
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Z.C.); (C.X.)
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Caiyun Xue
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Z.C.); (C.X.)
| | - Qiong Mei
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Z.C.); (C.X.)
- Correspondence: (Q.M.); (Y.X.); Tel.: +86-24-88342065 (Q.M. &Y.X.)
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (Z.C.); (C.X.)
- Correspondence: (Q.M.); (Y.X.); Tel.: +86-24-88342065 (Q.M. &Y.X.)
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22
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Wu XX, Yuan DP, Chen H, Kumar V, Kang SM, Jia B, Xuan YH. Ammonium transporter 1 increases rice resistance to sheath blight by promoting nitrogen assimilation and ethylene signalling. Plant Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1085-1097. [PMID: 35170194 PMCID: PMC9129087 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight (ShB) significantly threatens rice yield production. However, the underlying mechanism of ShB defence in rice remains largely unknown. Here, we identified a highly ShB-susceptible mutant Ds-m which contained a mutation at the ammonium transporter 1;1 (AMT1;1) D358 N. AMT1;1 D358 N interacts with AMT1;1, AMT1;2 and AMT1;3 to inhibit the ammonium transport activity. The AMT1 RNAi was more susceptible and similar to the AMT1;1 D358 N mutant; however, plants with higher NH4+ uptake activity were less susceptible to ShB. Glutamine synthetase 1;1 (GS1;1) mutant gs1;1 and overexpressors (GS1;1 OXs) were more and less susceptible to ShB respectively. Furthermore, AMT1;1 overexpressor (AMT1;1 OX)/gs1;1 and gs1;1 exhibited a similar response to ShB, suggesting that ammonium assimilation rather than accumulation controls the ShB defence. Genetic and physiological assays further demonstrated that plants with higher amino acid or chlorophyll content promoted rice resistance to ShB. Interestingly, the expression of ethylene-related genes was higher in AMT1;1 OX and lower in RNAi mutants than in wild-type. Also, ethylene signalling positively regulated rice resistance to ShB and NH4+ uptake, suggesting that ethylene signalling acts downstream of AMT and also NH4+ uptake is under feedback control. Taken together, our data demonstrated that the AMT1 promotes rice resistance to ShB via the regulation of diverse metabolic and signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Xin Wu
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
| | - De Peng Yuan
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Vikranth Kumar
- Division of Plant SciencesUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA
| | | | - Baolei Jia
- School of BioengineeringState Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green PapermakingQilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences)JinanChina
- Department of Life SciencesChung‐Ang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Yuan Hu Xuan
- College of Plant ProtectionShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyangChina
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23
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Cao W, Zhang H, Zhou Y, Zhao J, Lu S, Wang X, Chen X, Yuan L, Guan H, Wang G, Shen W, De Vleesschauwer D, Li Z, Shi X, Gu J, Guo M, Feng Z, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Pan X, Liu W, Liang G, Yan C, Hu K, Liu Q, Zuo S. Suppressing chlorophyll degradation by silencing OsNYC3 improves rice resistance to Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of sheath blight. Plant Biotechnol J 2022; 20:335-349. [PMID: 34582620 PMCID: PMC8753359 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (R. solani) causes serious diseases in many crops worldwide, including rice and maize sheath blight (ShB). Crop resistance to the fungus is a quantitative trait and resistance mechanism remains largely unknown, severely hindering the progress on developing resistant varieties. In this study, we found that resistant variety YSBR1 has apparently stronger ability to suppress the expansion of R. solani than susceptible Lemont in both field and growth chamber conditions. Comparison of transcriptomic profiles shows that the photosynthetic system including chlorophyll biosynthesis is highly suppressed by R. solani in Lemont but weakly in YSBR1. YSBR1 shows higher chlorophyll content than that of Lemont, and inducing chlorophyll degradation by dark treatment significantly reduces its resistance. Furthermore, three rice mutants and one maize mutant that carry impaired chlorophyll biosynthesis all display enhanced susceptibility to R. solani. Overexpression of OsNYC3, a chlorophyll degradation gene apparently induced expression by R. solani infection, significantly enhanced ShB susceptibility in a high-yield ShB-susceptible variety '9522'. However, silencing its transcription apparently improves ShB resistance without compromising agronomic traits or yield in field tests. Interestingly, altering chlorophyll content does not affect rice resistance to blight and blast diseases, caused by biotrophic and hemi-biotrophic pathogens, respectively. Our study reveals that chlorophyll plays an important role in ShB resistance and suppressing chlorophyll degradation induced by R. solani infection apparently improves rice ShB resistance. This discovery provides a novel target for developing resistant crop to necrotrophic fungus R. solani.
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24
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Lin QJ, Chu J, Kumar V, Yuan DP, Li ZM, Mei Q, Xuan YH. Protein Phosphatase 2A Catalytic Subunit PP2A-1 Enhances Rice Resistance to Sheath Blight Disease. Front Genome Ed 2021; 3:632136. [PMID: 34713255 PMCID: PMC8525387 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2021.632136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) production is damaged to a great extent by sheath blight disease (ShB). However, the defense mechanism in rice against this disease is largely unknown. Previous transcriptome analysis identified a significantly induced eukaryotic protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit 1 (PP2A-1) after the inoculation of Rhizoctonia solani. Five genes encoding PP2A exist in rice genome, and these five genes are ubiquitously expressed in different tissues and stages. Inoculation of R. solani showed that the genome edited pp2a-1 mutants using the CRISPR/Cas9 were more susceptible to ShB than the wild-type control, but other PP2A gene mutants exhibited similar response to ShB compared to wild-type plants. In parallel, PP2A-1 expression level was higher in the activation tagging line, and PP2A-1 overexpression inhibited plant height and promoted the resistance to ShB. PP2A-1-GFP was localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. In addition, R. solani-dependent induction kinetics of pathogen-related genes PBZ1 and PR1b was lower in pp2a-1 mutants but higher in PP2A-1 activation line compared to those in the wild-type. In conclusion, our analysis shows that PP2A-1 is a member of protein phosphatase, which regulates rice resistance to ShB. This result broadens the understanding of the defense mechanism against ShB and provides a potential target for rice breeding for disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Jun Lin
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin Chu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Vikranth Kumar
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - De Peng Yuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi Min Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiong Mei
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Hu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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25
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Zeng Y, Dong J, Ji Z, Yang C, Liang Y. A Linear Regression Model for the Prediction of Rice Sheath Blight Field Resistance. Plant Dis 2021; 105:2964-2969. [PMID: 33761771 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-20-1681-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight (SB) disease is a global issue that causes great yield losses each year. To explore whether SB field resistance can be predicted, 273 rice genotypes were inoculated and evaluated for SB field resistance across nine environments from 2012 to 2019 to identify loci associated with SB resistance by association mapping. A total of 80 significant marker-trait associations were detected in nine environments, among which six loci (D130B, D230A, D304B, D309, D427A, and RM409) were repeatedly detected in at least two environments. A linear regression model for predicting SB lesion length was developed using genotypic data of these six loci and SB field resistance data of the 273 rice genotypes: y = 34.44 - 0.56x, where y is the predicted value of lesion length, and x is the total genotypic value of the six loci. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population consisting of 219 lines that was grown in six environments (from 2013 to 2018) for evaluation of SB field resistance was used to check the prediction accuracy of the prediction model. The average absolute error between the predicted lesion length and real lesion length for the RIL population was 6.67 cm. The absolute errors between predicted and real lesion lengths were <6 cm for 51.22% of the lines and <9 cm for 71.22% of the lines. An SB visual rating prediction model was also developed, and the average absolute error between the predicted visual rating and real visual rating for the RIL population was 0.94. These results indicated that the rice SB lesion length can be predicted by the development of a linear regression model using both genotypic and phenotypic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijuan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Changdeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, People's Republic of China
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Hu B, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Sun B, Zhou F, Yin C, Ma W, Chen H, Lin Y. Repressed OsMESL expression triggers reactive oxygen species-mediated broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice. Plant Biotechnol J 2021; 19:1511-1522. [PMID: 33567155 PMCID: PMC8384603 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A few reports have indicated that a single gene confers resistance to bacterial blight, sheath blight and rice blast. In this study, we identified a novel disease resistance mutant gene, methyl esterase-like (osmesl) in rice. Mutant rice with T-DNA insertion displayed significant resistance to bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani and rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae. Additionally, CRISPR-Cas9 knockout mutants and RNAi lines displayed resistance to these pathogens. Complementary T-DNA mutants demonstrated a phenotype similar to the wild type (WT), thereby indicating that osmesl confers resistance to pathogens. Protein interaction experiments revealed that OsMESL affects reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation by interacting with thioredoxin OsTrxm in rice. Moreover, qRT-PCR results showed significantly reduced mRNA levels of multiple ROS scavenging-related genes in osmesl mutants. Nitroblue tetrazolium staining showed that the pathogens cause ROS accumulation, and quantitative detection revealed significantly increased levels of H2 O2 in the leaves of osmesl mutants and RNAi lines after infection. The abundance of JA, a hormone associated with disease resistance, was significantly more in osmesl mutants than in WT plants. Overall, these results suggested that osmesl enhances disease resistance to Xoo, R. solani and M. oryzae by modulating the ROS balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yong Zhou
- College of Bioscience and BioengineeringJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Zaihui Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Bo Sun
- Wuhan Towin Biotechnology Company LimitedWuhanChina
| | - Fei Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Changxi Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Weihua Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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Prathi NB, Durga Rani CV, Balachandran SM, Prakasam V, Chandra Mohan Y, Nagalakshmi S, Srivastava SK, Sundaram RM, Mangrauthia SK. Genome-Wide Expression Profiling of Small RNAs in Indian Strain of Rhizoctonia solani AG1-1A Reveals Differential Regulation of milRNAs during Pathogenesis and Crosstalk of Gene Regulation. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7070561. [PMID: 34356939 PMCID: PMC8304579 DOI: 10.3390/jof7070561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani AG1-1A is a necrotrophic fungus that causes sheath blight disease in rice. The reliable resistant source against this phytopathogenic fungus is not available in the gene pool of rice. Better understanding of pathogen genomics and gene regulatory networks are critical to devise alternate strategies for developing resistance against this noxious pathogen. In this study, miRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) of an Indian strain of R. solani were identified by deep sequencing of small RNAs. We identified 128 known and 22 novel milRNAs from 20,963,123 sequence reads. These milRNAs showed 1725 target genes in the fungal genome which include genes associated with growth, development, pathogenesis and virulence of R. solani. Notably, these fungal milRNAs showed their target genes in host (rice) genome also which were later verified by qRT-PCR. The host target genes are associated with auxin metabolism, hypersensitive response, defense genes, and genes related to growth and development of rice. Osa-vacuolar-sorting receptor precursor: Rhi-milR-13, Osa-KANADI1:Rhi-milR-124, Osa-isoflavone reductase: Rhi-milR-135, Osa-nuclear transcription factor Y:Rhi-milR-131, Osa-NB-ARC domain containing protein: Rhi-milR-18, and Osa-OsFBX438: Rhi-milR-142 are notable potential regulons of host target genes: fungal milRNAs that need to be investigated for better understanding of the crosstalk of RNAi pathways between R. solani and rice. The detailed expression analysis of 17 milRNAs by qRT-PCR was analysed during infection at different time points of inoculation, at different growth stages of the host, in four different genotypes of the host, and also in four different strains of fungi which revealed differential regulation of milRNAs associated with pathogenesis and virulence. This study highlights several important findings on fungal milRNAs which need to be further studied and characterized to decipher the gene expression and regulation of this economically important phytopathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Babu Prathi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, India; (N.B.P.); (C.V.D.R.); (Y.C.M.)
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.M.B.); (V.P.); (S.N.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Chagamreddy Venkata Durga Rani
- Institute of Biotechnology, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, India; (N.B.P.); (C.V.D.R.); (Y.C.M.)
| | - Sena Munuswamy Balachandran
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.M.B.); (V.P.); (S.N.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Vellaisamy Prakasam
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.M.B.); (V.P.); (S.N.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Yeshala Chandra Mohan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University (PJTSAU), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, India; (N.B.P.); (C.V.D.R.); (Y.C.M.)
| | - Sanivarapu Nagalakshmi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.M.B.); (V.P.); (S.N.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Sunil K. Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology, Swami Shraddhanand College, University of Delhi, Alipur, Delhi 110036, India;
| | - Raman Meenakshi Sundaram
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.M.B.); (V.P.); (S.N.); (R.M.S.)
| | - Satendra K. Mangrauthia
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad 500030, India; (S.M.B.); (V.P.); (S.N.); (R.M.S.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +91-40-24591342
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Zhou XG, Kumar KVK, Zhou LW, Reddy MS, Kloepper JW. Combined Use of PGPRs and Reduced Rates of Azoxystrobin to Improve Management of Sheath Blight of Rice. Plant Dis 2021; 105:1034-1041. [PMID: 32931392 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-20-1596-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Farmers rely heavily on the use of strobilurin fungicides to manage sheath blight (ShB) caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA, the most important disease in rice in the southern United States. Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to evaluate the potential use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) in combination with a reduced rate of azoxystrobin application as a strategy to improve the current fungicide-reliant management. Of the nine antagonistic PGPR strains screened in the greenhouse, Bacillus subtilis strain MBI600 provided the most significant and consistent suppression of ShB. Efficacy of strain MBI600 was further evaluated at the concentrations of 0, 103, 106, 109, and 1011 CFU/ml alone or in combinations with 0, 17, 33, 50, 67, 83, and 100% of the recommended application rate (0.16 kg a.i./ha) of azoxystrobin. Strain MBI600 applied at 106,109, and 1011 CFU/ml alone was effective in reducing ShB severity. Combinations of this strain at these rates with ≥33% of the recommended application rate of azoxystrobin further reduced ShB severity. A dose-response model defining the relationships between strain MBI600, azoxystrobin, and ShB severity was established. Estimates of the effective concentrations (EC50 and EC90) of strain MBI600 when applied in combination with 50% of the recommended application rate of azoxystrobin were 104 and 109 CFU/ml, respectively. A field trial was conducted over 4 years to verify the efficacy of their combinations. Strain MBI600 alone, when applied at 109 CFU/ml at the boot stage, reduced ShB severity but did not significantly increase grain yields each year. Combination of strain MBI600 with azoxystrobin at half of the recommended application rate improved efficacy of strain MBI600, reducing ShB severity to a level comparable to that of azoxystrobin applied at the full rate in all 4 years. The combined treatment also increased grain yield by 14 to 19%, comparable to the fungicide applied at the full rate in 3 of 4 years. Combined use of PGPR strain MBI600 with a reduced rate of azoxystrobin application can be a viable management option for control of ShB while allowing producers to use less fungicide on rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Gen Zhou
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, Beaumont, TX 77713, U.S.A
| | - K Vijay Krishna Kumar
- Regional Agricultural Research Station, Maruteru, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Andhra Pradesh 534 122, India
| | - Linda W Zhou
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center, Beaumont, TX 77713, U.S.A
| | - M S Reddy
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, U.S.A
| | - Joseph W Kloepper
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, U.S.A
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Pal G, Mehta D, Singh S, Magal K, Gupta S, Jha G, Bajaj A, Ramu VS. Foliar Application or Seed Priming of Cholic Acid-Glycine Conjugates can Mitigate/Prevent the Rice Bacterial Leaf Blight Disease via Activating Plant Defense Genes. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:746912. [PMID: 34630495 PMCID: PMC8497891 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.746912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas Oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial blight and Rhizoctonia solani (R. solani) causes sheath blight in rice accounting for >75% of crop losses. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop strategies for the mitigation of these pathogen infections. In this study, we report the antimicrobial efficacy of Cholic Acid-Glycine Conjugates (CAGCs) against Xoo and R. solani. We show that CAGC C6 is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial and is also able to degrade biofilms. The application of C6 did not hamper plant growth and showed minimal effect on the plant cell membranes. Exogenous application of C6 on pre-infection or post-infection of Xoo on rice susceptible genotype Taichung native (TN1) can mitigate the bacterial load and improve resistance through upregulation of plant defense genes. We further demonstrate that C6 can induce plant defense responses when seeds were primed with C6 CAGC. Therefore, this study demonstrates the potential of CAGCs as effective antimicrobials for crop protection that can be further explored for field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Pal
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Devashish Mehta
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Saurabh Singh
- Laboratory of Plant Microbe Interactions, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalai Magal
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Siddhi Gupta
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Gopaljee Jha
- Laboratory of Plant Microbe Interactions, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
- *Correspondence: Avinash Bajaj
| | - Vemanna S. Ramu
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
- Vemanna S. Ramu
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Kouzai Y, Shimizu M, Inoue K, Uehara‐Yamaguchi Y, Takahagi K, Nakayama R, Matsuura T, Mori IC, Hirayama T, Abdelsalam SSH, Noutoshi Y, Mochida K. BdWRKY38 is required for the incompatible interaction of Brachypodium distachyon with the necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani. Plant J 2020; 104:995-1008. [PMID: 32891065 PMCID: PMC7756360 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne necrotrophic fungus that causes sheath blight in grasses. The basal resistance of compatible interactions between R. solani and rice is known to be modulated by some WRKY transcription factors (TFs). However, genes and defense responses involved in incompatible interaction with R. solani remain unexplored, because no such interactions are known in any host plants. Recently, we demonstrated that Bd3-1, an accession of the model grass Brachypodium distachyon, is resistant to R. solani and, upon inoculation with the fungus, undergoes rapid induction of genes responsive to the phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) that encode the WRKY TFs BdWRKY38 and BdWRKY44. Here, we show that endogenous SA and these WRKY TFs positively regulate this accession-specific R. solani resistance. In contrast to a susceptible accession (Bd21), the infection process in the resistant accessions Bd3-1 and Tek-3 was suppressed at early stages before the development of fungal biomass and infection machinery. A comparative transcriptome analysis during pathogen infection revealed that putative WRKY-dependent defense genes were induced faster in the resistant accessions than in Bd21. A gene regulatory network (GRN) analysis based on the transcriptome dataset demonstrated that BdWRKY38 was a GRN hub connected to many target genes specifically in resistant accessions, whereas BdWRKY44 was shared in the GRNs of all three accessions. Moreover, overexpression of BdWRKY38 increased R. solani resistance in Bd21. Our findings demonstrate that these resistant accessions can activate an incompatible host response to R. solani, and BdWRKY38 regulates this response by mediating SA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kouzai
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research TeamRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science1‐7‐22 Suehiro‐choTsurumi, Yokohama230‐0045Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological ResearchYokohama City University641‐12 Maioka‐choTotsuka, Yokohama244‐0813Japan
| | - Minami Shimizu
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research TeamRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science1‐7‐22 Suehiro‐choTsurumi, Yokohama230‐0045Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological ResearchYokohama City University641‐12 Maioka‐choTotsuka, Yokohama244‐0813Japan
| | - Komaki Inoue
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research TeamRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science1‐7‐22 Suehiro‐choTsurumi, Yokohama230‐0045Japan
| | - Yukiko Uehara‐Yamaguchi
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research TeamRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science1‐7‐22 Suehiro‐choTsurumi, Yokohama230‐0045Japan
| | - Kotaro Takahagi
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research TeamRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science1‐7‐22 Suehiro‐choTsurumi, Yokohama230‐0045Japan
- Graduate School of NanobioscienceYokohama City University22‐2 Seto, Kanazawa‐kuYokohamaKanagawa236‐0027Japan
| | - Risa Nakayama
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research TeamRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science1‐7‐22 Suehiro‐choTsurumi, Yokohama230‐0045Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological ResearchYokohama City University641‐12 Maioka‐choTotsuka, Yokohama244‐0813Japan
| | - Takakazu Matsuura
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR)Okayama University2‐20‐1 ChuoKurashiki710‐0046Japan
| | - Izumi C. Mori
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR)Okayama University2‐20‐1 ChuoKurashiki710‐0046Japan
| | - Takashi Hirayama
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR)Okayama University2‐20‐1 ChuoKurashiki710‐0046Japan
| | - Sobhy S. H. Abdelsalam
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life ScienceOkayama University1‐1‐1 TsushimanakaOkayama700‐8530Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Noutoshi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life ScienceOkayama University1‐1‐1 TsushimanakaOkayama700‐8530Japan
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- Bioproductivity Informatics Research TeamRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science1‐7‐22 Suehiro‐choTsurumi, Yokohama230‐0045Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological ResearchYokohama City University641‐12 Maioka‐choTotsuka, Yokohama244‐0813Japan
- Graduate School of NanobioscienceYokohama City University22‐2 Seto, Kanazawa‐kuYokohamaKanagawa236‐0027Japan
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR)Okayama University2‐20‐1 ChuoKurashiki710‐0046Japan
- Microalgae Production Technology LaboratoryRIKEN Baton Zone ProgramRIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovation Hub1‐7‐22 Suehiro‐cho, Tsurumi‐kuYokohamaKanagawa230‐0045Japan
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Wang ST, Guo XF, Yao TS, Xuan YH. Indeterminate domain 3 negatively regulates plant erectness and the resistance of rice to sheath blight by controlling PIN-FORMED gene expressions. Plant Signal Behav 2020; 15:1809847. [PMID: 32842845 PMCID: PMC7588189 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1809847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Plant architecture and disease resistance are the key factors that control the production of yield. However, the mechanism behind these factors is largely unknown. In this study, we identified that indeterminate domain 3 (IDD3) was obviously induced by inoculation of Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA. Plants that overexpressed IDD3 (IDD3 OX) were more susceptible, while idd3 mutants showed a similar response to sheath blight disease compared with wild-type plants. Interestingly, IDD3 OX plants developed a wider tiller angle and exhibited altered shoot gravitropism, while idd3 knock-out mutants showed no visible morphological differences compared with the wild-type plants. IDD3 is ubiquitously expressed in different tissues and stages, and the IDD3 transcript was induced by exogenously applied auxin. Expression of the PIN-FORMED (PIN) and Aux/IAA genes was altered in IDD3 OX compared with wild-type plants. Furthermore, IDD3 OX plants are sensitive to auxin and the polar auxin transporter inhibitor N-1-naphthylphalamic acid (NPA). Further yeast-one hybrid, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and transient assays revealed that IDD3 directly represses PIN1b via promoter binding. Inoculation with R. solani indicated that PIN1b RNAi plants are more susceptible to sheath blight disease (ShB) compared with the wild-type. Taken together, our analyses suggest that IDD3 controls plant architecture and the resistance of rice to ShB via the regulation of PIN auxin transporter genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Ting Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao Fan Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, China
| | - Ting Shan Yao
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Hu Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Molla KA, Karmakar S, Molla J, Bajaj P, Varshney RK, Datta SK, Datta K. Understanding sheath blight resistance in rice: the road behind and the road ahead. Plant Biotechnol J 2020; 18:895-915. [PMID: 31811745 PMCID: PMC7061877 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight disease, caused by the basidiomycetous necrotroph Rhizoctonia solani, became one of the major threats to the rice cultivation worldwide, especially after the adoption of high-yielding varieties. The pathogen is challenging to manage because of its extensively broad host range and high genetic variability and also due to the inability to find any satisfactory level of natural resistance from the available rice germplasm. It is high time to find remedies to combat the pathogen for reducing rice yield losses and subsequently to minimize the threat to global food security. The development of genetic resistance is one of the alternative means to avoid the use of hazardous chemical fungicides. This review mainly focuses on the effort of better understanding the host-pathogen relationship, finding the gene loci/markers imparting resistance response and modifying the host genome through transgenic development. The latest development and trend in the R. solani-rice pathosystem research with gap analysis are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kutubuddin A. Molla
- ICAR‐National Rice Research InstituteCuttackIndia
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic CropsDepartment of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkataIndia
- The Huck Institute of the Life SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental MicrobiologyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
| | - Subhasis Karmakar
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic CropsDepartment of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkataIndia
| | - Johiruddin Molla
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology (CEGSB)International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)HyderabadIndia
| | - Prasad Bajaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology (CEGSB)International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)HyderabadIndia
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology (CEGSB)International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)HyderabadIndia
| | - Swapan K. Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic CropsDepartment of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkataIndia
| | - Karabi Datta
- Laboratory of Translational Research on Transgenic CropsDepartment of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkataIndia
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Gill US, Lee S, Jia Y, Mysore KS. Exploring natural variation for rice sheath blight resistance in Brachypodium distachyon. Plant Signal Behav 2018; 14:1546527. [PMID: 30540521 PMCID: PMC6351096 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2018.1546527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight caused by the soil borne fungus Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA is one of the major diseases of rice in the world. Genetic resistance in rice against this disease has not been very successful. Brachypodium distachyon is considered as a model species for several cereal crops and it has been studied in the past to identify novel sources of disease resistance against cereal crop diseases. Therefore, the current study was designed to explore nonhost disease resistance in Brachypodium accessions against sheath blight pathogen of rice, Rhizoctonia solani. A total of 19 Brachypodium distachyon accessions were screened for resistance against Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA. Different levels of resistance reactions were observed among accessions. Quantification of jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) concentration in selected resistant (Bd3-1), moderately susceptible (Bd21), and susceptible (Bd30-1) inbred accessions revealed that Bd3-1 accumulated more JA upon pathogen infection compared to Bd21 or Bd30-1. In contrary, no differences were observed for SA accumulation in tested accessions suggesting that the resistance to R. solani in Brachypodium is due to an SA-independent defense pathway. Our study provides a new foundation to explore this area for more durable resistance against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seonghee Lee
- Department of Horticultural Science, IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Balm, USA
| | - Yulin Jia
- United States Department of Agriculture, Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR, USA
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Yin X, Zou B, Hong X, Gao M, Yang W, Zhong X, He Y, Kuai P, Lou Y, Huang J, Hua J, He Z. Rice copine genes OsBON1 and OsBON3 function as suppressors of broad-spectrum disease resistance. Plant Biotechnol J 2018; 16:1476-1487. [PMID: 29356349 PMCID: PMC6041448 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Breeding for disease resistance is the most effective strategy to control diseases, particularly with broad-spectrum disease resistance in many crops. However, knowledge on genes and mechanism of broad-spectrum resistance and trade-off between defence and growth in crops is limited. Here, we show that the rice copine genes OsBON1 and OsBON3 are critical suppressors of immunity. Both OsBON1 and OsBON3 changed their protein subcellular localization upon pathogen challenge. Knockdown of OsBON1 and dominant negative mutant of OsBON3 each enhanced resistance to rice bacterial and fungal pathogens with either hemibiotrophic or necrotrophic lifestyles. The defence activation in OsBON1 knockdown mutants was associated with reduced growth, both of which were largely suppressed under high temperature. In contrast, overexpression of OsBON1 or OsBON3 decreased disease resistance and promoted plant growth. However, neither OsBON1 nor OsBON3 could rescue the dwarf phenotype of the Arabidopsis BON1 knockout mutant, suggesting a divergence of the rice and Arabidopsis copine genes. Our study therefore shows that the rice copine genes play a negative role in regulating disease resistance and their expression level and protein location likely have a large impact on the balance between immunity and agronomic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Baohong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xuexue Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mingjun Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Weibing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Xiangbin Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yang He
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Peng Kuai
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yonggen Lou
- College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jirong Huang
- College of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
- Plant Biology SectionSchool of Integrated Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA
| | - Zuhua He
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular GeneticsCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
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35
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Bernaola L, Cosme M, Schneider RW, Stout M. Belowground Inoculation With Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Increases Local and Systemic Susceptibility of Rice Plants to Different Pest Organisms. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:747. [PMID: 29922319 PMCID: PMC5996305 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plants face numerous challenges from both aboveground and belowground stressors, and defend themselves against harmful insects and microorganisms in many ways. Because plant responses to biotic stresses are not only local but also systemic, belowground interactions can influence aboveground interactions in both natural and agricultural ecosystems. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are soilborne organisms that form symbiotic associations with many plant roots and are thought to play a central role in plant nutrition, growth, and fitness. In the present study, we focused on the influence of AMF on rice defense against pests. We inoculated rice plants with AMF in several field and greenhouse experiments to test whether the interaction of AMF with rice roots changes the resistance of rice against two chewing insects, the rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, RWW) and the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, FAW), and against infection by sheath blight (Rhizoctonia solani, ShB). Both in field and greenhouse experiments, the performance of insects and the pathogen on rice was enhanced when plants were inoculated with AMF. In the field, inoculating rice plants with AMF resulted in higher numbers of RWW larvae on rice roots. In the greenhouse, more RWW first instars emerged from AMF-colonized rice plants than from non-colonized control plants. Weight gains of FAW larvae were higher on rice plants treated with AMF inoculum. Lesion lengths and susceptibility to ShB infection were higher in rice plants colonized by AMF. Although AMF inoculation enhanced the growth of rice plants, the nutritional analyses of root and shoot tissues indicated no major increases in the concentrations of nutrients in rice plants colonized by AMF. The large effects on rice susceptibility to pests in the absence of large effects on plant nutrition suggest that AMF colonization influences other mechanisms of susceptibility (e.g., defense signaling processes). This study represents the first study conducted in the U.S. in rice showing AMF-induced plant susceptibility to several antagonists that specialize on different plant tissues. Given the widespread occurrence of AMF, our findings will help to provide a different perspective into the causal basis of rice systemic resistance/susceptibility to insects and pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Bernaola
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Marco Cosme
- Laboratory of Mycology, Earth and Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Raymond W. Schneider
- Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Michael Stout
- Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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Kakar KU, Nawaz Z, Cui Z, Almoneafy AA, Ullah R, Shu QY. Rhizosphere-associated Alcaligenes and Bacillus strains that induce resistance against blast and sheath blight diseases, enhance plant growth and improve mineral content in rice. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 124:779-796. [PMID: 29280555 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the biocontrol activities of five rhizobacterial strains (i.e. Alcaligenes faecalis strains Bk1 and P1, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain Bk7 and Brevibacillus laterosporus stains B4 and S5), to control the rice blast and sheath blight diseases in greenhouse and to study their possible modes of action. METHODS AND RESULTS Five potential plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strains isolated from rice rhizospheres were tested for in vitro antifungal activities against Magnaporthe oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani, Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium graminearum. In vitro trials showed that three strains, Bk1, P1 and Bk7, were able to unanimously suppress the mycelial growth of the target pathogens. In greenhouse, the application of these three PGPR strains significantly suppressed the incidences of rice blast and sheath blight diseases. At 2 weeks after pathogen inoculation, the highest percentages of disease suppression were noted for Alc. faecalis strain Bk1 (72%) for rice blast, Alc. faecalis strain P1 (71%) for sheath blight, followed by B. amyloliquefaciens strain Bk7. Moreover, these strains significantly improved the plant growth, enriched the content of mineral nutrients in seedlings and increased the expression of major defence-related rice genes. All three strains were marked positive for phosphate solubilization, the production of indoleacetic acid, ammonia and siderophores and catalase activity. In addition, these strains were able to form biofilms and carried multiple lipopeptide biosynthetic genes as revealed by multiplex PCR. CONCLUSION This study reports new potential biocontrol agents for blast and sheath blight diseases of rice. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study contributes to better understanding of the mechanisms involved in interaction between beneficial rhizobacteria, fungal pathogens and host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- K U Kakar
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institution of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Molecular Genetics Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Z Nawaz
- Molecular Genetics Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China
| | - Z Cui
- Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experimental Station, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - A A Almoneafy
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Education and Science, Albaydaa University, Rada'a, Yemen
| | - R Ullah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Q-Y Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institution of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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37
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Kouzai Y, Kimura M, Watanabe M, Kusunoki K, Osaka D, Suzuki T, Matsui H, Yamamoto M, Ichinose Y, Toyoda K, Matsuura T, Mori IC, Hirayama T, Minami E, Nishizawa Y, Inoue K, Onda Y, Mochida K, Noutoshi Y. Salicylic acid-dependent immunity contributes to resistance against Rhizoctonia solani, a necrotrophic fungal agent of sheath blight, in rice and Brachypodium distachyon. New Phytol 2018; 217:771-783. [PMID: 29048113 PMCID: PMC5765516 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a soil-borne fungus causing sheath blight. In consistent with its necrotrophic life style, no rice cultivars fully resistant to R. solani are known, and agrochemical plant defense activators used for rice blast, which upregulate a phytohormonal salicylic acid (SA)-dependent pathway, are ineffective towards this pathogen. As a result of the unavailability of genetics, the infection process of R. solani remains unclear. We used the model monocotyledonous plants Brachypodium distachyon and rice, and evaluated the effects of phytohormone-induced resistance to R. solani by pharmacological, genetic and microscopic approaches to understand fungal pathogenicity. Pretreatment with SA, but not with plant defense activators used in agriculture, can unexpectedly induce sheath blight resistance in plants. SA treatment inhibits the advancement of R. solani to the point in the infection process in which fungal biomass shows remarkable expansion and specific infection machinery is developed. The involvement of SA in R. solani resistance is demonstrated by SA-deficient NahG transgenic rice and the sheath blight-resistant B. distachyon accessions, Bd3-1 and Gaz-4, which activate SA-dependent signaling on inoculation. Our findings suggest a hemi-biotrophic nature of R. solani, which can be targeted by SA-dependent plant immunity. Furthermore, B. distachyon provides a genetic resource that can confer disease resistance against R. solani to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kouzai
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
- Cellulose Production Research Team, Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Mamiko Kimura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Megumi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kusunoki
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Daiki Osaka
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tomoko Suzuki
- Department of Science, Japan Women's University, Mejirodai, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsui
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Mikihiro Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuki Ichinose
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Toyoda
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takakazu Matsuura
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Izumi C Mori
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirayama
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Eiichi Minami
- Division of Plant and Microbial Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Yoko Nishizawa
- Division of Plant and Microbial Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, 305-8602, Japan
| | - Komaki Inoue
- Cellulose Production Research Team, Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Onda
- Cellulose Production Research Team, Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Keiichi Mochida
- Cellulose Production Research Team, Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources (IPSR), Okayama University, Kurashiki, 710-0046, Japan
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, 244-0813, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Noutoshi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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Ke Y, Deng H, Wang S. Advances in understanding broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens in rice. Plant J 2017; 90:738-748. [PMID: 27888533 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Rice diseases caused by multiple pathogen species are a major obstacle to achieving optimal yield. Using host pathogen species-non-specific broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) for rice improvement is an efficient way to control diseases. Recent advances in rice genomics and improved understanding of the mechanisms of rice-pathogen interactions have shown that using a single gene to improve rice BSR to multiple pathogen species is technically possible and the necessary resources exist. A variety of rice genes, including major disease resistance genes and defense-responsive genes, which function in pattern-triggered immunity signaling, effector-triggered immunity signaling or quantitative resistance, can mediate BSR to two or more pathogen species independently. These genes encode diverse proteins and function differently in promoting disease resistance, thus providing a relatively broad choice for different breeding programs. This updated knowledge will facilitate rice improvement with pathogen species-non-specific BSR via gene marker-assisted selection or biotechnological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinggen Ke
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hanqing Deng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Richa K, Tiwari IM, Devanna BN, Botella JR, Sharma V, Sharma TR. Novel Chitinase Gene LOC_Os11g47510 from Indica Rice Tetep Provides Enhanced Resistance against Sheath Blight Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani in Rice. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:596. [PMID: 28487708 PMCID: PMC5403933 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight disease (ShB), caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, is one of the most destructive diseases of rice (Oryza sativa L.), causing substantial yield loss in rice. In the present study, a novel rice chitinase gene, LOC_Os11g47510 was cloned from QTL region of R. solani tolerant rice line Tetep and used for functional validation by genetic transformation of ShB susceptible japonica rice line Taipei 309 (TP309). The transformants were characterized using molecular and functional approaches. Molecular analysis by PCR using a set of primers specific to CaMv 35S promoter, chitinase and HptII genes confirmed the presence of transgene in transgenic plants which was further validated by Southern hybridization. Further, qRT-PCR analysis of transgenic plants showed good correlation between transgene expression and the level of sheath blight resistance among transformants. Functional complementation assays confirmed the effectiveness of the chitinase mediated resistance in all the transgenic TP309 plants with varying levels of enhanced resistance against R. solani. Therefore, the novel chitinase gene cloned and characterized in the present study from the QTL region of rice will be of significant use in molecular plant breeding program for developing sheath blight resistance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamboj Richa
- National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali UniversityBanasthali, India
| | - Ila M. Tiwari
- National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - B. N. Devanna
- National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Jose R. Botella
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St LuciaQLD, Australia
| | - Vinay Sharma
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali UniversityBanasthali, India
| | - Tilak R. Sharma
- National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology InstituteMohali, India
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40
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Hossain MK, Jena KK, Bhuiyan MAR, Wickneswari R. Association between QTLs and morphological traits toward sheath blight resistance in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Breed Sci 2016; 66:613-626. [PMID: 27795687 PMCID: PMC5010301 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.15154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Sheath blight is considered the most significant disease of rice and causes enormous yield losses over the world. Breeding for resistant varieties is the only viable option to combat the disease efficiently. Seventeen diverged rice genotypes along with 17 QTL-linked SSR markers were evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Pearson's correlation showed only the flag leaf angle had a significant correlation with sheath blight resistance under greenhouse screening. Multivariate analysis based on UPGMA clustering and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the flag leaf angle, flag leaf length, and plant compactness were significantly associated with the following SSR marker alleles: RM209 (116,130), RM202 (176), RM224 (126), RM257 (156), RM426 (175), and RM6971 (196), which are linked to the SB QTLs: QRlh11, qSBR11-3, qSBR11-1, qSBR9-1, qShB3-2, and qSB-9. A Mantel test suggested a weak relationship between the observed phenotypes and allelic variation patterns, implying the independent nature of morphological and molecular variations. Teqing and Tetep were found to be the most resistant cultivars. IR65482-4-136-2-2, MR219-4, and MR264 showed improved resistance potentials. These results suggest that the morphological traits and QTLs which have been found to associate with sheath blight resistance are a good choice to enhance resistance through pyramiding either 2 QTLs or QTLs and traits in susceptible rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kamal Hossain
- School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
Bangi, Selangor 43600,
Malaysia
| | - Kshirod Kumar Jena
- Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology Division, International Rice Research Institute,
Manila 7777,
Philippines
| | - Md Atiqur Rahman Bhuiyan
- School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
Bangi, Selangor 43600,
Malaysia
| | - Ratnam Wickneswari
- School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
Bangi, Selangor 43600,
Malaysia
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41
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Ghosh P, Sen S, Chakraborty J, Das S. Monitoring the efficacy of mutated Allium sativum leaf lectin in transgenic rice against Rhizoctonia solani. BMC Biotechnol 2016; 16:24. [PMID: 26932667 PMCID: PMC4774011 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-016-0246-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most devastating diseases of rice. It is associated with significant reduction in rice productivity worldwide. A mutant variant of mannose binding Allium sativum leaf agglutinin (mASAL) was previously reported to exhibit strong antifungal activity against R. solani. In this study, the mASAL gene has been evaluated for its in planta antifungal activity in rice plants. RESULTS mASAL was cloned into pCAMBIA1301 binary vector under the control of CaMV35S promoter. It was expressed in an elite indica rice cv. IR64 by employing Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Molecular analyses of transgenic plants confirmed the presence and stable integration of mASAL gene. Immunohistofluorescence analysis of various tissue sections of plant parts clearly indicated the constitutive expression of mASAL. The segregation pattern of mASAL transgene was observed in T1 progenies in a 3:1 Mendelian ratio. The expression of mASAL was confirmed in T0 and T1 plants through western blot analysis followed by ELISA. In planta bioassay of transgenic lines against R. solani exhibited an average of 55 % reduction in sheath blight percentage disease index (PDI). CONCLUSIONS The present study opens up the possibility of engineering rice plants with the antifungal gene mASAL, conferring resistance to sheath blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithwi Ghosh
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P1/12, CIT Scheme, VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
| | - Senjuti Sen
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P1/12, CIT Scheme, VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
| | - Joydeep Chakraborty
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P1/12, CIT Scheme, VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sampa Das
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P1/12, CIT Scheme, VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India.
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Srivastava S, Bist V, Srivastava S, Singh PC, Trivedi PK, Asif MH, Chauhan PS, Nautiyal CS. Unraveling Aspects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Mediated Enhanced Production of Rice under Biotic Stress of Rhizoctonia solani. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:587. [PMID: 27200058 PMCID: PMC4858605 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a necrotrophic fungi causing sheath blight in rice leading to substantial loss in yield. Excessive and persistent use of preventive chemicals raises human health and environment safety concerns. As an alternative, use of biocontrol agents is highly recommended. In the present study, an abiotic stress tolerant, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SN13) is demonstrated to act as a biocontrol agent and enhance immune response against R. solani in rice by modulating various physiological, metabolic, and molecular functions. A sustained tolerance by SN13 primed plant over a longer period of time, post R. solani infection may be attributed to several unconventional aspects of the plants' physiological status. The prolonged stress tolerance observed in presence of SN13 is characterized by (a) involvement of bacterial mycolytic enzymes, (b) sustained maintenance of elicitors to keep the immune system induced involving non-metabolizable sugars such as turanose besides the known elicitors, (c) a delicate balance of ROS and ROS scavengers through production of proline, mannitol, and arabitol and rare sugars like fructopyranose, β-D-glucopyranose and myoinositol and expression of ferric reductases and hypoxia induced proteins, (d) production of metabolites like quinazoline and expression of terpene synthase, and (e) hormonal cross talk. As the novel aspect of biological control this study highlights the role of rare sugars, maintenance of hypoxic conditions, and sucrose and starch metabolism in B. amyloliquefaciens (SN13) mediated sustained biotic stress tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchi Srivastava
- Division of Plant Microbe Interactions, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknow, India
| | - Vidisha Bist
- Division of Plant Microbe Interactions, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknow, India
| | - Sonal Srivastava
- Division of Plant Microbe Interactions, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknow, India
| | - Poonam C. Singh
- Division of Plant Microbe Interactions, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknow, India
| | - Prabodh K. Trivedi
- Gene Expression Lab, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknow, India
| | - Mehar H. Asif
- Gene Expression Lab, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknow, India
| | - Puneet S. Chauhan
- Division of Plant Microbe Interactions, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknow, India
| | - Chandra S. Nautiyal
- Division of Plant Microbe Interactions, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknow, India
- *Correspondence: Chandra S. Nautiyal,
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Richa K, Tiwari IM, Kumari M, Devanna BN, Sonah H, Kumari A, Nagar R, Sharma V, Botella JR, Sharma TR. Functional Characterization of Novel Chitinase Genes Present in the Sheath Blight Resistance QTL: qSBR11-1 in Rice Line Tetep. Front Plant Sci 2016; 7:244. [PMID: 26973685 PMCID: PMC4771751 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Rice sheath blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most devastating diseases in rice leading to heavy yield losses. Due to the polygenic nature of resistance, no major resistance gene with complete host resistance against R. solani has been reported. In this study, we have performed molecular and functional analysis of the genes associated with the major R. solani-resistance QTL qSBR11-1 in the indica rice line Tetep. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of a set of 11 tandem repeats containing genes with a high degree of homology to class III chitinase defense response genes. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that all the genes are strongly induced 36 h after R. solani infection. Comparison between the resistant Tetep and the susceptible HP2216 lines shows that the induction of the chitinase genes is much higher in the Tetep line. Recombinant protein produced in vitro for six of the eleven genes showed chitinolytic activity in gel assays but we did not detect any xylanase inhibitory activity. All the six in vitro expressed proteins show antifungal activity with a clear inhibitory effect on the growth of the R. solani mycelium. The characterized chitinase genes can provide an important resource for the genetic improvement of R. solani susceptible rice lines for sheath blight resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamboj Richa
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyBanasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali, India
| | - Ila M. Tiwari
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Mandeep Kumari
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - B. N. Devanna
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Humira Sonah
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Archana Kumari
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Ramawatar Nagar
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
| | - Vinay Sharma
- Department of Bioscience and BiotechnologyBanasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali, India
| | - Jose R. Botella
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tilak R. Sharma
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Plant BiotechnologyNew Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Tilak R. Sharma
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Oh TS, Koo HM, Yoon HR, Jeong NS, Kim YJ, Kim CH. Antifungal Action of Ginkgo biloba Outer Seedcoat on Rice Sheath blight. Plant Pathol J 2015; 31:61-6. [PMID: 25774111 PMCID: PMC4356606 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.nt.03.2014.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
From study of antifungal actions on the rice sheath blight by using the extract of Ginkgo biloba outer seedcoats, we found that the extracts of Ginkgo biloba outer seedcoats of all treatment concentrations had inhibited the rice sheath blight. Among them, the most effective concentration was 250 mg/l at which the growth of microbe was 26 mm and even at the packaging test, when sprayed the G. biloba outer seedcoats at the level of 250 mg/l, the damage rate of the rice sheath blight was identified as 13%. As a result investigating the antifungal activity by separating polysaccharides from G. biloba outer seedcoats, it showed that the clear zone of 14 mm or more was formed at the concentration of 250 mg/l or higher. Based on these results, we concluded that the G. biloba outer seedcoat is a natural substance with the antifungal activity on the rice sheath blight.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chang-Ho Kim
- Corresponding author. Phone) +82-41-330-1206, FAX) +82-41-330-1209, E-mail)
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Koli P, Singh BB, Shakil NA, Kumar J, Kamil D. Development of controlled release nanoformulations of carbendazim employing amphiphilic polymers and their bioefficacy evaluation against Rhizoctonia solani. J Environ Sci Health B 2015; 50:674-681. [PMID: 26079342 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2015.1038961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Controlled release nanoformulations of carbendazim (Methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate), a systemic fungicide, have been prepared using laboratory synthesized poly(ethylene glycols) (PEGs)-based functionalized amphiphilic copolymers. The release kinetics of carbendazim from developed controlled release (CR) formulations was studied and compared with that of the commercially available 50% Wettable Powder (WP). Further, the bioefficacy evaluation of developed formulations was done against plant pathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani by the poison food technique method. The release of maximum amount of carbendazim from developed formulations was dependent on the molecular weight of PEGs and was found to increase with increasing molecular weights. The range of carbendazim release was found to be between 10th to 35th day as compared to commercial formulation which was up to 7th day. The diffusion exponent (n value) of carbendazim in water ranged from 0.37 to 0.52 in the tested formulations. The half-release (t1/2) values ranged between 9.47 and 24.20 days, and the period of optimum availability (POA) of carbendazim ranged from 9.15 to 26.63 days. Also, ED50 values of the developed formulations vary from 0.40 to 0.74 mg L(-1). These formulations can be used to optimize the release of carbendazim to achieve disease control for the desired period depending on the matrix of the polymer used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpendra Koli
- a Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute , New Delhi , India
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Kagale S, Marimuthu T, Kagale J, Thayumanavan B, Samiyappan R. Induction of systemic resistance in rice by leaf extracts of Zizyphus jujuba and Ipomoea carnea against Rhizoctonia solani. Plant Signal Behav 2011; 6:919-23. [PMID: 21593600 PMCID: PMC3257761 DOI: 10.4161/psb.6.7.15304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants accumulate a great diversity of natural products, many of which confer protective effects against phytopathogenic attack. Earlier we had demonstrated that the leaf extracts of Zizyphus jujuba and Ipomoea carnea inhibit the in vitro mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani, and effectively reduce the incidence of sheath blight disease in rice. Here we demonstrate that foliar application of the aqueous leaf extracts of Z. jujuba and I. carnea followed by challenge inoculation with R. solani induces systemic resistance in rice as evident from significantly increased accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins such as chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase and peroxidase, as well as defense-related compounds such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and phenolic substances. Thin layer chromatographic separation of secondary metabolites revealed presence of alkaloid and terpenoid compounds in the leaf extracts of Z. jujuba that exhibited toxicity against R. solani under in vitro condition. Thus, the enhanced sheath blight resistance in rice seedlings treated with leaf extracts of Z. jujuba or I. carnea can be attributed to the direct inhibitory effects of these leaf extracts as well as their ability to elicit systemic resistance against R. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sateesh Kagale
- Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Pal R, Chakrabarti K, Chakraborty A, Chowdhury A. Dissipation of pencycuron in rice plant. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2005; 6:756-8. [PMID: 16052708 PMCID: PMC1389856 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.2005.b0756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pencycuron is a non-systemic protective fungicide for controlling sheath blight of rice. However, information on the fate of pencycuron in rice plant is lacking. The degradation of pencycuron in waterlogged tropic rice field was investigated. Pencycuron was applied at recommended field dose (187.5 g a.i./ha) and double recommended dose to cropped plots for three consecutive years. Pencycuron was rapidly degraded in rice plant at all doses of pencycuron application with first order half-lives of 1.57 approximately 2.77 d. The study revealed that pencycuron is safe from the human and environmental contamination point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pal
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Calcutta University, Calcutta, Pin 700 019, India.
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