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Trevisan F, Waschgler F, Tiziani R, Cesco S, Mimmo T. Exploring glycine root uptake dynamics in phosphorus and iron deficient tomato plants during the initial stages of plant development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:495. [PMID: 38831411 PMCID: PMC11145798 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05120-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) deficiencies are relevant plants nutritional disorders, prompting responses such as increased root exudation to aid nutrient uptake, albeit at an energy cost. Reacquiring and reusing exudates could represent an efficient energy and nitrogen saving strategy. Hence, we investigated the impact of plant development, Fe and P deficiencies on this process. Tomato seedlings were grown hydroponically for 3 weeks in Control, -Fe, and -P conditions and sampled twice a week. We used Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometry to measure δ13C in roots and shoots after a 2-h exposure to 13C-labeled glycine (0, 50, or 500 μmol L-1). Plant physiology was assessed with an InfraRed Gas Analyzer and ionome with an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass-Spectrometry. RESULTS Glycine uptake varied with concentration, suggesting an involvement of root transporters with different substrate affinities. The uptake decreased over time, with -Fe and -P showing significantly higher values as compared to the Control. This highlights its importance during germination and in nutrient-deficient plants. Translocation to shoots declined over time in -P and Control but increased in -Fe plants, suggesting a role of Gly in the Fe xylem transport. CONCLUSIONS Root exudates, i.e. glycine, acquisition and their subsequent shoot translocation depend on Fe and P deficiency. The present findings highlight the importance of this adaptation to nutrient deficiencies, that can potentially enhance plants fitness. A thorough comprehension of this trait holds potential significance for selecting cultivars that can better withstand abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Trevisan
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, 39100, Italy.
| | - F Waschgler
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - R Tiziani
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - S Cesco
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
| | - T Mimmo
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, 39100, Italy.
- Competence Centre for Plant Health, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, 39100, Italy.
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Huang Y, Fan R, Wang X, Jiang S, Liu W, Ji W, Li W. Not only phosphorus: dauciform roots can also influence aboveground biomass through root morphological traits and metal cation concentrations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1367176. [PMID: 38855469 PMCID: PMC11157042 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1367176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Phosphorus in the soil is mostly too insoluble for plants to utilize, resulting in inhibited aboveground biomass, while Carex can maintain their aboveground biomass through the presence of dauciform roots. However, dauciform roots lead to both morphological and physiological changes in the root system, making their primary mechanism unclear. Methods A greenhouse experiment was conducted on three Carex species, in which Al-P, Ca-P, Fe-P, and K-P were employed as sole phosphorus sources. The plants were harvested and assessed after 30, 60 and 90 days. Results (1) The density of dauciform roots was positively correlated with root length and specific root length, positively influencing aboveground biomass at all three stages. (2) The aboveground phosphorus concentration showed a negative correlation with both dauciform root density and aboveground biomass in the first two stages, which became positive in the third stage. (3) Aboveground biomass correlated negatively with the aboveground Al concentration, and positively with Ca and Fe concentration (except Al-P). (4) Root morphological traits emerged as critical factors in dauciform roots' promotion of aboveground biomass accumulation. Conclusion Despite the difference among insoluble phosphorus, dauciform roots have a contributing effect on aboveground growth status over time, mainly by regulating root morphological traits. This study contributes to our understanding of short-term variation in dauciform roots and their regulatory mechanisms that enhance Carex aboveground biomass under low available phosphorus conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rong Fan
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Songlin Jiang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wanting Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenli Ji
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weizhong Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Tiziani R, Pranter M, Valentinuzzi F, Pii Y, Luigimaria B, Cesco S, Mimmo T. Unraveling plant adaptation to single and combined nutrient deficiencies in a dicotyledonous and a monocotyledonous plant species. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 335:111793. [PMID: 37454818 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient deficiencies considerably limit agricultural production worldwide. However, while single deficiencies are widely studied, combined deficiencies are poorly addressed. Hence, the aim of this paper was to study single and combined deficiencies of iron (Fe) and phosphorus (P) in barley (Hordeum vulgare) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Plants were grown in hydroponics and root exudation was measured over the growing period. At harvest, root morphology and root and shoot ionome was assessed. Shoot-to-root-ratio decreased in both species and in all nutrient deficiencies, besides in -Fe tomato. Barley root growth was enhanced in plants subjected to double deficiency behaving similarly to -P, while tomato reduced root morphology parameters in all treatments. To cope with the nutrient deficiency barley exuded mostly chelants, while tomato relied on organic acids. Moreover, tomato exhibited a slight exudation increase over time not detected in barley. Overall, in none of the species the double deficiency caused a substantial increase in root exudation. Multivariate statistics emphasized that all the treatments were significantly different from each other in tomato, while in barley only -Fe was statistically different from the other treatments. Our findings highlight that the response of the studied plants in double deficiencies is not additive but plant specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Tiziani
- Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Piazza Universitá 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.
| | - Marion Pranter
- Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Piazza Universitá 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Fabio Valentinuzzi
- Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Piazza Universitá 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Youry Pii
- Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Piazza Universitá 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Borruso Luigimaria
- Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Piazza Universitá 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Stefano Cesco
- Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Piazza Universitá 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Tanja Mimmo
- Free University of Bolzano, Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Piazza Universitá 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; Competence Centre of Plant Health, Free University of Bolzano, Piazza Universitá 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
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Tang W, Wang J, Lv Q, Michael PP, Ji W, Chen M, Huang Y, Zhou B, Peng D. Overexpression of ClWRKY48 from Cunninghamia lanceolata improves Arabidopsis phosphate uptake. PLANTA 2023; 257:87. [PMID: 36961548 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Our findings suggested that ClWRKY48 promoted the expression level of Arabidopsis phosphate transporter genes, enhanced phosphate uptake, and delayed the transition from the vegetative stage to the reproductive phase in Arabidopsis. Phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral for plants that influences their growth and development. ClWRKY48, one of the most highly expressed genes in the leaf, was identified by RT-PCR from Chinese fir [Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook] (C. lanceolata). Furthermore, when treating C. lanceolata with increasing phosphate (Pi) concentration, the expression level of ClWRKY48 rose in leaves, the trends followed the increasing phosphate concentration treatment. ClWRKY48 is a transcription factor in C. lanceolata, according to the results of a yeast one hybridization experiment. Based on subcellular localization studies, ClWRKY48 is a nuclear-localized protein. Under Pi deficiency conditions, the phosphorus concentration of ClWRKY48 overexpressing Arabidopsis increased by 43.2-51.1% compared to the wild-type. Moreover, under Pi limiting conditions, the phosphate transporter genes AtPHT1;1 (Arabidopsis Phosphate transporter 1;1), AtPHT1;4, and AtPHO1 (Arabidopsis PHOSPHATE 1) were expressed 2.1-2.5, 2.2-2.7, and 6.7-7.3-fold greater than the wild-type in ClWRKY48 transgenic Arabidopsis, respectively. Under Pi-sufficient conditions, the phosphorus concentration and phosphate transporter genes of ClWRKY48 overexpression in Arabidopsis are not significantly different from the wild type. These findings indicated that ClWRKY48 increased phosphate absorption in transgenic Arabidopsis. Furthermore, compared to the wild type, the ClWRKY48 transgenic Arabidopsis not only had a delayed flowering time characteristic but also had lower expression of flowering-related genes AtFT (FLOWERING LOCUS T), AtFUL (FRUITFUL), and AtTSF (TWIN SISTER OF FT). Our findings show that ClWRKY48 enhances phosphate absorption and slows the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive stage in ClWRKY48 transgenic Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Tang
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Qiang Lv
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Paul Promise Michael
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjun Ji
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Min Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
- Huitong National Field Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation EcOsystem in Hunan Province, Huaihua, 438107, Hunan, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory of Applied Technology for Forestry and Ecology in Southern China, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
- Forestry Biotechnology of Hunan Key Laboratories, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Dan Peng
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
- Huitong National Field Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation EcOsystem in Hunan Province, Huaihua, 438107, Hunan, China.
- Forestry Biotechnology of Hunan Key Laboratories, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
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Orellana D, Machuca D, Ibeas MA, Estevez JM, Poupin MJ. Plant-growth promotion by proteobacterial strains depends on the availability of phosphorus and iron in Arabidopsis thaliana plants. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1083270. [PMID: 36583055 PMCID: PMC9792790 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1083270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorus (as phosphate, Pi) and iron (Fe) are critical nutrients in plants that are often poorly available in the soil and can be microbially affected. This work aimed to evaluate how plant-rhizobacteria interaction changes due to different Pi or Fe nutritional scenarios and to study the underlying molecular mechanisms of the microbial modulation of these nutrients in plants. Thus, three proteobacteria (Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN, Azospirillum brasilense Sp7, and Pseudomonas putida KT2440) were used to inoculate Arabidopsis seeds. Additionally, the seeds were exposed to a nutritional factor with the following levels for each nutrient: sufficient (control) or low concentrations of a highly soluble source or sufficient concentrations of a low solubility source. Then, the effects of the combinatorial factors were assessed in plant growth, nutrition, and genetic regulation. Interestingly, some bacterial effects in plants depended on the nutrient source (e.g., increased aerial zones induced by the strains), and others (e.g., decreased primary roots induced by Sp7 or KT2440) occurred regardless of the nutritional treatment. In the short-term, PsJN had detrimental effects on plant growth in the presence of the low-solubility Fe compound, but this was not observed in later stages of plant development. A thorough regulation of the phosphorus content was detected in plants independent of the nutritional treatment. Nevertheless, inoculation with KT2440 increased P content by 29% Pi-deficiency exposed plants. Conversely, the inoculation tended to decrease the Fe content in plants, suggesting a competition for this nutrient in the rhizosphere. The P-source also affected the effects of the PsJN strain in a double mutant of the phosphate starvation response (PSR). Furthermore, depending on the nutrient source, PsJN and Sp7 strains differentially regulated PSR and IAA- associated genes, indicating a role of these pathways in the observed differential phenotypical responses. In the case of iron, PsJN and SP7 regulated iron uptake-related genes regardless of the iron source, which may explain the lower Fe content in inoculated plants. Overall, the plant responses to these proteobacteria were not only influenced by the nutrient concentrations but also by their availabilities, the elapsed time of the interaction, and the specific identities of the beneficial bacteria. Graphical AbstractThe effects of the different nutritional and inoculation treatments are indicated for plant growth parameters (A), gene regulation (B) and phosphorus and iron content (C). Figures created with BioRender.com with an academic license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Orellana
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile,Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago, Chile,ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Machuca
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile,Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago, Chile
| | - Miguel Angel Ibeas
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago, Chile,Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Manuel Estevez
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago, Chile,Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile,Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Josefina Poupin
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile,Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago, Chile,ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago, Chile,*Correspondence: María Josefina Poupin,
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Fehlauer T, Collin B, Angeletti B, Negahi MM, Dentant C, Chaurand P, Lallemand C, Levard C, Rose J. Multiscale imaging on Saxifraga paniculata provides new insights into yttrium uptake by plants. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18268. [PMID: 36310318 PMCID: PMC9618566 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Yttrium (Y) has gained importance in high tech applications and, together with the other rare earth elements (REEs), is also considered to be an emerging environmental pollutant. The alpine plant Saxifraga paniculata was previously shown to display high metal tolerance and an intriguing REE accumulation potential. In this study, we analysed soil grown commercial and wild specimens of Saxifraga paniculata to assess Y accumulation and shed light on the uptake pathway. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and synchrotron-based micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy was used to localise Y within the plant tissues and identify colocalized elements. Y was distributed similarly in commercial and wild specimens. Within the roots, Y was mostly located in the epidermis region. Translocation was low, but wild individuals accumulated significantly more Y than commercial ones. In plants of both origins, we observed consistent colocalization of Al, Fe, Y and Ce in all plant parts except for the hydathodes. This indicates a shared pathway during translocation and could explained by the formation of a stable organic complex with citrate, for example. Our study provides important insights into the uptake pathway of Y in S. paniculata, which can be generalised to other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Fehlauer
- grid.498067.40000 0001 0845 4216Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll. France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Blanche Collin
- grid.498067.40000 0001 0845 4216Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll. France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Bernard Angeletti
- grid.498067.40000 0001 0845 4216Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll. France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Mohammad Mustafa Negahi
- grid.498067.40000 0001 0845 4216Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll. France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Cédric Dentant
- Parc national des Écrins, Domaine de Charance, 05000 Gap, France ,grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Sciences Po Grenoble, Pacte, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Perrine Chaurand
- grid.498067.40000 0001 0845 4216Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll. France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Claire Lallemand
- grid.498067.40000 0001 0845 4216Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll. France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Clement Levard
- grid.498067.40000 0001 0845 4216Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll. France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Jérôme Rose
- grid.498067.40000 0001 0845 4216Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll. France, CEREGE, Aix-en-Provence, France
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Ganther M, Lippold E, Bienert MD, Bouffaud ML, Bauer M, Baumann L, Bienert GP, Vetterlein D, Heintz-Buschart A, Tarkka MT. Plant Age and Soil Texture Rather Than the Presence of Root Hairs Cause Differences in Maize Resource Allocation and Root Gene Expression in the Field. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2883. [PMID: 36365336 PMCID: PMC9657941 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the biological roles of root hairs is key to projecting their contributions to plant growth and to assess their relevance for plant breeding. The objective of this study was to assess the importance of root hairs for maize nutrition, carbon allocation and root gene expression in a field experiment. Applying wild type and root hairless rth3 maize grown on loam and sand, we examined the period of growth including 4-leaf, 9-leaf and tassel emergence stages, accompanied with a low precipitation rate. rth3 maize had lower shoot growth and lower total amounts of mineral nutrients than wild type, but the concentrations of mineral elements, root gene expression, or carbon allocation were largely unchanged. For these parameters, growth stage accounted for the main differences, followed by substrate. Substrate-related changes were pronounced during tassel emergence, where the concentrations of several elements in leaves as well as cell wall formation-related root gene expression and C allocation decreased. In conclusion, the presence of root hairs stimulated maize shoot growth and total nutrient uptake, but other parameters were more impacted by growth stage and soil texture. Further research should relate root hair functioning to the observed losses in maize productivity and growth efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Ganther
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Eva Lippold
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Manuela Désirée Bienert
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 12, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Marie-Lara Bouffaud
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Mario Bauer
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Louis Baumann
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Gerd Patrick Bienert
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Alte Akademie 12, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Doris Vetterlein
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Anna Heintz-Buschart
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mika Tapio Tarkka
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Zhu SG, Cheng ZG, Yin HH, Zhou R, Yang YM, Wang J, Zhu H, Wang W, Wang BZ, Li WB, Tao HY, Xiong YC. Transition in plant-plant facilitation in response to soil water and phosphorus availability in a legume-cereal intercropping system. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:311. [PMID: 35761174 PMCID: PMC9238078 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tradeoff between negative and positive interactions of facilitated species and facilitators may depend on the degree of resource availability in agroecosystems. However, the rhizospheric mechanisms driving trade-offs that occur along phosphorus (P) and water availability gradients have not yet been systematically clarified. We established three types of root isolation conditions (no barrier, nylon barrier and solid barrier) at different P and water addition levels to address the above issue in a maize-grass pea intercropping system. RESULTS The total yield and biomass net effect (NE) and the relative interaction index (RII) were significantly higher than 0 under all environmental conditions, demonstrating that plant-plant interactions generated positive effects in the intercropping system. The maize yield and biomass RII were 0.029-0.095 and 0.018-0.066, respectively, which indicated that maize growth was constantly facilitated. However, the RII for grass pea yield and biomass exhibited a different trend in comparison with maize. It was higher than 0 (as the facilitated species) under low soil P and moisture conditions and transitioned to values lower than 0 (facilitator species) under high P and moisture conditions, which showed that the type and intensity of plant-plant interactions steadily shifted with the applied stressors. Direct interactions decreased the maize rhizospheric soil pH by 1.5% and 1.9% under Low-P conditions. Notably, the rhizospheric soil acid and alkaline phosphatase secretions of maize and grass pea increased by 17.4-27.4% and 15.3-27.7%, respectively, in P-deficient soils. These results show that plant-plant interactions can effectively relieve P stress by mineralizing organophosphorus in P-deficient soils. Furthermore, the above tendency became more pronounced under drought-stressed conditions. The nylon barrier partially restricted the exchange and utilization of available nutrients and decreased the total yield and biomass by 1.8-7.8% and 1.1-7.8%, respectively. The presence of a solid barrier completely restricted interspecific rhizospheric interactions and decreased the total yield and biomass by 2.1-13.8% and 1.6-15.7%, respectively. Phytate and KH2PO4 addition intensified asymmetric interspecific competition, and grass pea was consistently subjected to competitive pressures. CONCLUSION Briefly, the tradeoff between facilitation and competition was driven by rhizospheric interactions, and the transition in the intensity and type of interaction was highly dependent on resource availability in a biologically diverse system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Guo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zheng-Guo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hai-Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Yu-Miao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Bao-Zhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wen-Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hong-Yan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - You-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Tariq A, Sardans J, Peñuelas J, Zhang Z, Graciano C, Zeng F, Olatunji OA, Ullah A, Pan K. Intercropping of Leguminous and Non-Leguminous Desert Plant Species Does Not Facilitate Phosphorus Mineralization and Plant Nutrition. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060998. [PMID: 35326448 PMCID: PMC8946938 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
More efficient use of soil resources, such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), can improve plant community resistance and resilience against drought in arid and semi-arid lands. Intercropping of legume and non-legumes can be an effective practice for enhancing P mineralization uptake, and plant nutrient status. However, it remains unclear how intercropping systems using desert plant species impact soil-plant P fractions and how they affect N and water uptake capacity. Alhagi sparsifolia (a legume) and Karelinia caspia (a non-legume) are dominant plant species in the Taklamakan Desert in Xinjiang Province, China. However, there is a lack of knowledge of whether these species, when intercropped, can trigger synergistic processes and mechanisms that drive more efficient use of soil resources. Thus, in a field experiment over two years, we investigated the impact of monoculture and intercropping of these plant species on soil-plant P fractions and soil-plant nutrients. Both plant species’ foliar nutrient (N, P, and K) concentrations were higher under monoculture than intercropping (except K in K. caspia). Nucleic acid P was higher in the monoculture plots of A. sparsifolia, consistent with higher soil labile P, while metabolic P was higher in monoculture K. caspia, associated with higher soil moderately labile Pi. However, both species had a higher residual P percentage in the intercropping system. Soils from monoculture and intercropped plots contained similar microbial biomass carbon (MBC), but lower microbial biomass N:microbial biomass phosphorus (MBN:MBP) ratio associated with reduced N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) activity in the intercropped soils. This, together with the high MBC:MBN ratio in intercropping and the lack of apparent general effects of intercropping on MBC:MBP, strongly suggest that intercropping improved microbe N- but not P-use efficiency. Interestingly, while EC and SWC were higher in the soil of the K. caspia monoculture plots, EC was significantly lower in the intercropped plots. Plants obtained better foliar nutrition and soil P mineralization in monocultures than in intercropping systems. The possible positive implications of intercropping for reducing soil salinization and improving soil water uptake and microbial N-use efficiency could have advantages in the long term and its utilization should be explored further in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Tariq
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (Z.Z.); (A.U.)
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (F.Z.)
| | - Jordi Sardans
- Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (J.S.); (J.P.)
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (J.S.); (J.P.)
- Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (Z.Z.); (A.U.)
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
| | - Corina Graciano
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina;
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (Z.Z.); (A.U.)
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- Correspondence: (A.T.); (F.Z.)
| | - Olusanya Abiodun Olatunji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (O.A.O.); (K.P.)
| | - Abd Ullah
- Xinjiang Key Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (Z.Z.); (A.U.)
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Kaiwen Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (O.A.O.); (K.P.)
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Lopez-Guerrero MG, Wang P, Phares F, Schachtman DP, Alvarez S, van Dijk K. A glass bead semi-hydroponic system for intact maize root exudate analysis and phenotyping. PLANT METHODS 2022; 18:25. [PMID: 35246193 PMCID: PMC8897885 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-022-00856-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there have been numerous studies describing plant growth systems for root exudate collection, a common limitation is that these systems require disruption of the plant root system to facilitate exudate collection. Here, we present a newly designed semi-hydroponic system that uses glass beads as solid support to simulate soil impedance, which combined with drip irrigation, facilitates growth of healthy maize plants, collection and analysis of root exudates, and phenotyping of the roots with minimal growth disturbance or root damage. RESULTS This system was used to collect root exudates from seven maize genotypes using water or 1 mM CaCl2, and to measure root phenotype data using standard methods and the Digital imaging of root traits (DIRT) software. LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) targeted metabolomics platforms were used to detect and quantify metabolites in the root exudates. Phytohormones, some of which are reported in maize root exudates for the first time, the benzoxazinoid DIMBOA (2,4-Dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one), amino acids, and sugars were detected and quantified. After validating the methodology using known concentrations of standards for the targeted compounds, we found that the choice of the exudate collection solution affected the exudation and analysis of a subset of analyzed metabolites. No differences between collection in water or CaCl2 were found for phytohormones and sugars. In contrast, the amino acids were more concentrated when water was used as the exudate collection solution. The collection in CaCl2 required a clean-up step before MS analysis which was found to interfere with the detection of a subset of the amino acids. Finally, using the phenotypic measurements and the metabolite data, significant differences between genotypes were found and correlations between metabolites and phenotypic traits were identified. CONCLUSIONS A new plant growth system combining glass beads supported hydroponics with semi-automated drip irrigation of sterile solutions was implemented to grow maize plants and collect root exudates without disturbing or damaging the roots. The validated targeted exudate metabolomics platform combined with root phenotyping provides a powerful tool to link plant root and exudate phenotypes to genotype and study the natural variation of plant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Felicia Phares
- Nebraska Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Daniel P Schachtman
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Sophie Alvarez
- Nebraska Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
| | - Karin van Dijk
- Biochemistry Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
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Le Thanh T, Hufnagel B, Soriano A, Divol F, Brottier L, Casset C, Péret B, Doumas P, Marquès L. Dynamic Development of White Lupin Rootlets Along a Cluster Root. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:738172. [PMID: 34557216 PMCID: PMC8452988 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.738172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
White lupin produces cluster roots in response to phosphorus deficiency. Along the cluster root, numerous short rootlets successively appear, creating a spatial and temporal gradient of developmental stages that constitutes a powerful biological model to study the dynamics of the structural and functional evolution of these organs. The present study proposes a fine histochemical, transcriptomic and functional analysis of the rootlet development from its emergence to its final length. Between these two stages, the tissue structures of the rootlets were observed, the course of transcript expressions for the genes differentially expressed was monitored and some physiological events linked to Pi nutrition were followed. A switch between (i) a growing phase, in which a normal apical meristem is present and (ii) a specialized phase for nutrition, in which the rootlet is completely differentiated, was highlighted. In the final stage of its determinate growth, the rootlet is an organ with a very active metabolism, especially for the solubilization and absorption of several nutrients. This work discusses how the transition between a growing to a determinate state in response to nutritional stresses is found in other species and underlines the fundamental dilemma of roots between soil exploration and soil exploitation.
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Tiziani R, Puschenreiter M, Smolders E, Mimmo T, Herrera JC, Cesco S, Santner J. Millimetre-resolution mapping of citrate exuded from soil-grown roots using a novel, low-invasive sampling technique. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:3513-3525. [PMID: 33744951 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The reliable sampling of root exudates in soil-grown plants is experimentally challenging. This study aimed at developing a citrate sampling and mapping technique with millimetre-resolution using DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) ZrOH-binding gels. Citrate adsorption kinetics, DGT capacity, and stability of ZrOH gels were evaluated. ZrOH gels were applied to generate 2D maps of citrate exuded by white lupin roots grown in a rhizotron in a phosphorus-deficient soil. Citrate was adsorbed quantitatively and rapidly by the ZrOH gels; these gels can be stored after sampling for several weeks prior to analysis. The DGT capacity of the ZrOH gel for citrate depends on the ionic strength and the pH of the soil solution, but was suitable for citrate sampling. We generated for the first time 2D citrate maps of rhizotron-grown plants at a millimetre resolution to measure an illustrated plant response to phosphorus fertilization, demonstrating that DGT-based citrate sampling is suitable for studying root exudation in soil environments, at high spatial resolution. The change of binding material would also allow sampling of other exudate classes and exudation profiles of entire root systems. These aspects are crucial in cultivar breeding and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Tiziani
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
- Institute of Soil Research, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- Institute of Soil Research, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erik Smolders
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tanja Mimmo
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - José Carlos Herrera
- Institute of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefano Cesco
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Jakob Santner
- Institute of Agronomy, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna, Austria
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