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Rossouw GC, Orr R, Bennett D, Bally ISE. The roles of non-structural carbohydrates in fruiting: a review focusing on mango ( Mangifera indica). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23195. [PMID: 38588720 DOI: 10.1071/fp23195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Reproductive development of fruiting trees, including mango (Mangifera indica L.), is limited by non-structural carbohydrates. Competition for sugars increases with cropping, and consequently, vegetative growth and replenishment of starch reserves may reduce with high yields, resulting in interannual production variability. While the effect of crop load on photosynthesis and the distribution of starch within the mango tree has been studied, the contribution of starch and sugars to different phases of reproductive development requires attention. This review focuses on mango and examines the roles of non-structural carbohydrates in fruiting trees to clarify the repercussions of crop load on reproductive development. Starch buffers the plant's carbon availability to regulate supply with demand, while sugars provide a direct resource for carbon translocation. Sugar signalling and interactions with phytohormones play a crucial role in flowering, fruit set, growth, ripening and retention, as well as regulating starch, sugar and secondary metabolites in fruit. The balance between the leaf and fruit biomass affects the availability and contributions of starch and sugars to fruiting. Crop load impacts photosynthesis and interactions between sources and sinks. As a result, the onset and rate of reproductive processes are affected, with repercussions for fruit size, composition, and the inter-annual bearing pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard C Rossouw
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba Research Facility, Mareeba 4880, Qld, Australia
| | - Ryan Orr
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba Research Facility, Mareeba 4880, Qld, Australia
| | - Dale Bennett
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba Research Facility, Mareeba 4880, Qld, Australia
| | - Ian S E Bally
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba Research Facility, Mareeba 4880, Qld, Australia
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Liu L, Wang B, Duan G, Wang J, Pan Z, Ou M, Bai X, Wang P, Zhao D, Nan N, Li D, Sun W. Histone Deacetylase UvHST2 Is a Global Regulator of Secondary Metabolism in Ustilaginoidea virens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:13124-13136. [PMID: 37615365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Ustilaginoidea virens, the causal agent of rice false smut, produces a large amount of mycotoxins, including ustilaginoidins and sorbicillinoids. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of mycotoxin biosynthesis inU. virens. Here, we demonstrate that the NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase UvHST2 negatively regulates ustilaginoidin biosynthesis. UvHst2 knockout caused retarded hypha growth and reduced conidiation and pathogenicity inU. virens. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the transcription factor genes, transporter genes, and other tailoring genes in eight biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) including ustilaginoidin and sorbicillinoid BGCs were upregulated in ΔUvhst2. Interestingly, the UvHst2 deletion affects alternative splicing. Metabolomics revealed that UvHST2 negatively regulates the biosynthesis of various mycotoxins including ustilaginoidins, sorbicillin, ochratoxin B, zearalenone, and O-M-sterigmatocystin. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses uncover that UvHST2 positively regulates pathogenicity but negatively modulates the expression of BGCs involved in secondary metabolism. Collectively, UvHST2 functions as a global regulator of secondary metabolism inU. virens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
- College of Plant Protection and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guohua Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Zequn Pan
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Mingming Ou
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaolong Bai
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Peiying Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Nan
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Dayong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Wenxian Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Management of Crop Pests and Diseases, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, Jilin, China
- College of Plant Protection and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Huang J, Qin Y, Xie Z, Wang P, Zhao Z, Huang X, Chen Q, Huang Z, Chen Y, Gao A. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveal that the white and yellow mango pulp colors are associated with carotenoid and flavonoid accumulation, and phytohormone signaling. Genomics 2023; 115:110675. [PMID: 37390936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a widely appreciated tropical fruit for its rich color and nutrition. However, knowledge on the molecular basis of color variation is limited. Here, we studied HY3 (yellowish-white pulp) and YX4 (yellow pulp), reaped with 24 h gap from the standard harvesting time. The carotenoids and total flavonoids increased with the advance of harvest time (YX4 > HY34). Transcriptome sequencing showed that higher expressions of the core carotenoid biosynthesis genes and flavonoid biosynthesis genes are correlated to their respective contents. The endogenous indole-3-acetic acid and jasmonic acid contents decreased but abscisic acid and ethylene contents increased with an increase in harvesting time (YX4 > HY34). Similar trends were observed for the corresponding genes. Our results indicate that the color differences are related to carotenoid and flavonoid contents, which in turn are influenced by phytohormone accumulation and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Huang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Yuling Qin
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Ziliang Xie
- Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, 325006 Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Zhichang Zhao
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaolou Huang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | - Qianfu Chen
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, 571101, Hainan, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China
| | | | - Yeyuan Chen
- Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572025, China.
| | - Aiping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Danzhou 571737, Hainan, China.
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Ke Y, Zhou Y, Lv Y, Qi Y, Wei H, Lei Y, Huang F, Abbas F. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis provides insights on the floral scent formation in Hydrangea arborescens. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023:e13914. [PMID: 37072650 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrangea (Hydrangea arborescens var. 'Annabelle') flowers are composed of sweet aroma sepals rather than true petals and can change color. Floral volatiles play important roles in plants, such as attracting pollinators, defending against herbivores, and signaling. However, the biosynthesis and regulatory mechanisms underlying fragrance formation in H. arborescens during flower development remain unknown. In this study, a combination of metabolite profiling and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was employed to identify genes associated with floral scent biosynthesis mechanisms in 'Annabelle' flowers at three developmental stages (F1, F2, and F3). The floral volatile data revealed that the 'Annabelle' volatile profile includes a total of 33 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and VOCs were abundant during the F2 stage of flower development, followed by the F1 and F3 stages, respectively. Terpenoids and benzenoids/phenylpropanoids were abundant during the F2 and F1 stages, with the latter being the most abundant, whereas fatty acid derivatives and other compounds were found in large amount during the F3 stage. According to ultra performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis, benzene and substituted derivatives, carboxylic acids and derivatives, and fatty acyls play a significant role in the floral metabolite profile. The transcriptome data revealed a total of 17,461 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 7,585, 12,795, and 9,044 DEGs discovered between the F2 and F1, F3 and F1, and F2 and F3 stages, respectively. Several terpenoids and benzenoids/phenylpropanoids biosynthesis-related DEGs were identified, and GRAS/bHLH/MYB/AP2/WRKY were more abundant among transcription factors (TFs). Finally, DEGs interlinked with VOCs compounds were determined using cytoscape and k-means analysis. Our results paves the way for the discovery of new genes, critical data for future genetic studies, and a platform for the metabolic engineering of genes involved in the production of Hydrangea's signature floral fragrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanguo Ke
- College of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiying Lv
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Qi
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Huanyu Wei
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Feiyan Huang
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen L, Li X, Wang J, Chen T, Zhang J, Zhu Q, Huang J, Zhang Z, Hafeez M, Zhou S, Ren X, Dong W, Jin A, Hou Y, Lu Y. Bamboo charcoal mediated plant secondary metabolites biosynthesis in tomato against South American tomato pinworm (Tuta absoluta). FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2023.1101151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe south American tomato pinworm (Tuta absoluta), an invasive insect pest species, has established itself in more than 33 Chinese prefectures, where it is mainly damaging tomato crops. Immediate efforts have been initiated to find strategies to control this pest. Studies have shown that biochar (BC) amendment to soil can enhance plant growth and resistance to herbivory.MethodsFirst, we quantified the morphological performance of tomato plants grown in different coconut bran and bamboo charcoal (v/v) combinations and selected the most beneficial one. Then we checked the T. absoluta survival on the tomato plants grown in the selected bamboo charcoal combination. Finally, we studied the leaf metabolite accumulation and gene expression changes in tomato plants after growing in the selected bamboo charcoal combination.ResultsWe found that the 30:1 ratio of bamboo charcoal and coconut bran is the most beneficial to tomato growth as its amendment to soil increased tomato plant height, stem thickness, and chlorophyll content, whereas, the T. absoluta survival decreased. The metabolome profiles of BC tomato leaves showed an increased accumulation of flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic acids compared to CK. Transcriptome sequencing resulted in the identification of 244 differentially expressed genes. Most of the upregulated genes were associated with stress-related hub proteins, flavonoid biosynthesis, MAPK and phytohormone signaling, and terpenoid biosynthesis. Additionally, the expression of many genes related to signaling and defense was changed in response to the bamboo charcoal amendment.DiscussionWe conclude that bamboo charcoal induces biosynthesis of flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic acids, which improve plant growth and tolerance against T. absoluta, thus reducing the survival of destructive pests.
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Differential effects of low and high temperature stress on pollen germination and tube length of mango (Mangifera indica L.) genotypes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:611. [PMID: 36635467 PMCID: PMC9837111 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mango flowering is highly sensitive to temperature changes. In this research, the maximum values of pollen germination rate (PGR), pollen tube length (PTL) and their cardinal temperatures (Tmin, Topt and Tmax) were estimated by using quadratic equation and modified bilinear model under the conditions of 14-36 °C. The pollen germination rate in four mango varieties ranged from 29.1% ('Apple mango') to 35.5% ('Renong No. 1'); the length of pollen tube ranged from 51.2 μm ('Deshehari') to 56.6 μm ('Jinhuang'). The cardinal temperatures ranges (Tmin, Topt and Tmax) of pollen germination were 20.3-22.8 °C, 26.7-30.6 °C and 30.4-34.3 °C, respectively; similarly, cardinal temperatures (Tmin, Topt and Tmax) of pollen tube growth were 20.3-21.2 °C, 27.9-32.1 °C and 30.2-34.4 °C respectively. Of those, 'Renong No. 1' could maintain relatively high pollen germination rate even at 30 °C, however, 'Deshehari' had the narrowest adaptive temperature range. These results were further confirmed by changes of superoxide dismutase, catalase activity and malondialdehyde content. These results showed that mango flowering was highly sensitive to temperature changes and there were significant differences in pollen germination rate and pollen tube length among different varieties. Current research results were of great significance for the introduction of new mango varieties in different ecological regions, the cultivation and management of mango at the flowering stage and the breeding of new mango varieties.
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Kaur H, Sidhu GS, Mittal A, Yadav IS, Mittal M, Singla D, Singh N, Chhuneja P. Comparative transcriptomics in alternate bearing cultivar Dashehari reveals the genetic model of flowering in mango. Front Genet 2023; 13:1061168. [PMID: 36704344 PMCID: PMC9871253 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1061168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Flowering is a complex developmental process, with physiological and morphological phases influenced by a variety of external and internal factors. Interestingly, many mango cultivars tend to bear fruit biennially because of irregular flowering, and this has a negative impact on mango flowering and the subsequent yield, resulting in significant economic losses. In this article, transcriptome analysis was carried out on four tissues of mango cv. Dashehari (bearing tree leaf, shoot apex, inflorescence, and non-bearing tree leaf). De novo transcriptome assembly of RNA-seq reads of Dashehari using the Trinity pipeline generated 67,915 transcripts, with 25,776 genes identified. 85 flowering genes, represented by 179 transcripts, were differentially expressed in bearing vs. non-bearing leaf tissues. Gene set enrichment analysis of flowering genes identified significant upregulation of flowering related genes in inflorescence tissues compared to bearing leaf tissues. The flowering genes FT, CO, GI, ELF 4, FLD, FCA, AP1, LHY, and SCO1 were upregulated in the bearing leaf tissues. Pathway analysis of DEGs showed significant upregulation of phenylpropanoid and sucrose and starch pathways in non-bearing leaf tissue compared with bearing leaf tissue. The comparative transcriptome analysis performed in this study significantly increases the understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the flowering process as well as alternative bearing in mango.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmanpreet Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Gurupkar Singh Sidhu
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India,*Correspondence: Gurupkar Singh Sidhu, ; Amandeep Mittal,
| | - Amandeep Mittal
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India,*Correspondence: Gurupkar Singh Sidhu, ; Amandeep Mittal,
| | - Inderjit Singh Yadav
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Meenakshi Mittal
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Deepak Singla
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Navprem Singh
- Department of Fruit Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Parveen Chhuneja
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
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