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Hammad HM, Ashraf M, Abbas F, Bakhat HF, Qaisrani SA, Mubeen M, Fahad S, Awais M. Retraction Note: Environmental factors affecting the frequency of road traffic accidents: a case study of sub-urban area of Pakistan. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33079-2. [PMID: 38528229 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Mohkum Hammad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Punjab, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Punjab, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Faiq Bakhat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Punjab, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Saeed A Qaisrani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Punjab, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mubeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari, Punjab, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Ambar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Awais
- Department of Agronomy, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Abbas F, Al-Naemi S, Farooque AA, Phillips M, Rose DA. Understanding the phenomenon of saltwater intrusion sourced from desalination plants at coastal aquifers. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:109181-109197. [PMID: 37759059 PMCID: PMC10622366 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29866-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Members of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates rely on desalination to produce water for domestic use. Desalination produces brine that may intrude into the aquifers to pollute the fresh groundwater because of the concentration gradient and groundwater pumping. Modeling the trends of saltwater intrusion needs theoretical understanding and thorough logical experimentation. The objective of this exercise was to understand the phenomenon of saltwater intrusion using an existing set of data analyzed with the convective-diffusion equation and the two-region mobile-immobile solution model. The objective was achieved by optimizing non-measurable solute transport parameters from an existing set of data generated from a series of logical miscible displacements of potassium bromide through sepiolite minerals and curve-fitting simulations. Assumptions included that solute displacements through sepiolite porous media and the related simulations represented the phenomenon of saltwater intrusion under non-equilibrium conditions of porous media mimicking the aquifers. Miscible displacements of potassium bromide were observed from a column of 2.0-2.8 mm aggregates of sepiolite over 4 ranges of concentration and at 11 displacement speeds under saturated vertical flow deionized water and vice versa. Breakthrough curves of both bromide and potassium ions were analyzed by a curve-fitting technique to optimize transport parameters assuming solute movement was governed (i) by the convective-diffusion equation and (ii) the two-region mobile-immobile solution model. Column Peclet numbers from the two analyses were identical for potassium ions but those for bromide ions were c. 60% greater from the two-region model than from the convective-diffusion equation. For the two-region model, dispersion coefficients were well defined and remained unchanged from the convective-diffusion equation for potassium ions but decreased for bromide ions. Retardation factors for bromide ions were approximately the same, but those for potassium ions, though > 1, were poorly defined. In order to design mitigation strategies for avoiding groundwater contamination, this study's findings may help model groundwater pollution caused by the activities of desalination of seawater, which produces concentrated liquid that intrudes into the coastal aquifer through miscible displacement. However, robust saltwater intrusion models may be considered in future studies to confirm the results of the approach presented in this exercise. Field data on the groundwater contamination levels may be collected to compare with simulated trends drawn from the saltwater intrusion models and the curve-fitting technique used in this work. A comparison of the output from the two types of models may help determine the right option to understand the phenomena of saltwater intrusion into coastal aquifers of various characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Abbas
- College of Engineering and Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 24449, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Salem Al-Naemi
- Office of the President, University of Doha for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 24449, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aitazaz A Farooque
- Canadian Centre for Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Michael Phillips
- Directorate of Applied Research, Innovation and Economic Development, University of Doha for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 24449, Doha, Qatar
| | - Derek A Rose
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, University of Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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Hammad HM, Nauman HMF, Abbas F, Jawad R, Farhad W, Shahid M, Bakhat HF, Farooque AA, Mubeen M, Fahad S, Cerda A. Impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on environment, society, and food security. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:99261-99272. [PMID: 36773256 PMCID: PMC9918832 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 is a viral and transferable disease caused by severe respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2. It can spread through breathing droplets in human beings. It caused 5.32 million deaths around the world at the end of 2021. COVID-19 has caused several positive impacts as well, such as a reduction in air, water, and noise pollution. However, its negative impacts are by far critical such as increased death rate, increased release of microcontaminants (pesticides, biocides, pharmaceuticals, surfactants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), flame retardants, and heavy metals), increased biomedical waste generation due to excessive use of safety equipment and its disposal, and municipal solid waste generation. Environmental pollution was significantly reduced due to lockdown during the COVID-19 period. Therefore, the quality of air and water improved. COVID-19 affected all sections of the population, particularly the most vulnerable members of society, and thus pushed more people into poverty. At the world level, it increased risks to food safety by increasing prices and lowering revenues, forcing households to reduce their food consumption in terms of quantity and quality. COVID-19 also upset various exercises e.g., horticulture, fisheries, domesticated animals, and agribusiness hence prohibiting the development of merchandise for poor-country ranchers. Most of the patients can self-recover from COVID-19 if they do not have any other diseases like high blood pressure, diabetes, and heart problems. Predictably, the appropriate execution of the proposed approaches (vaccination, wearing face masks, social distancing, sustainable industrialization) is helpful for worldwide environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Mohkum Hammad
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | | | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Engineering Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, P.O. Box 24449, Qatar
| | - Rashid Jawad
- Department of Horticulture, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Farhad
- Sub-Campus Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, University College of Dera Murad Jamali Naseerabad, Uthal, 90150, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Faiq Bakhat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Aitazaz A Farooque
- Canadian Center for Climate Change and Adaptation University of Prince Edward Island, St Peter's Bay, PE, Canada
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
| | - Muhammad Mubeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Artemi Cerda
- Soil Erosion and Degradation Research Group, Department de Geografia, Universitat de València, BlascoIbàñez, 28, 46010, Valencia, Spain
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Zou SC, Zhuo MG, Abbas F, Hu GB, Wang HC, Huang XM. Transcription factor LcNAC002 coregulates chlorophyll degradation and anthocyanin biosynthesis in litchi. Plant Physiol 2023; 192:1913-1927. [PMID: 36843134 PMCID: PMC10315271 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll degradation and anthocyanin biosynthesis, which often occur almost synchronously during fruit ripening, are crucial for vibrant coloration of fruits. However, the interlink point between their regulatory pathways remains largely unknown. Here, 2 litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) cultivars with distinctively different coloration patterns during ripening, i.e. slow-reddening/stay-green "Feizixiao" (FZX) vs rapid-reddening/degreening "Nuomici" (NMC), were selected as the materials to study the key factors determining coloration. Litchi chinensis STAY-GREEN (LcSGR) was confirmed as the critical gene in pericarp chlorophyll loss and chloroplast breakdown during fruit ripening, as LcSGR directly interacted with pheophorbide a oxygenase (PAO), a key enzyme in chlorophyll degradation via the PAO pathway. Litchi chinensis no apical meristem (NAM), Arabidopsis transcription activation factor 1/2, and cup-shaped cotyledon 2 (LcNAC002) was identified as a positive regulator in the coloration of litchi pericarp. The expression of LcNAC002 was significantly higher in NMC than in FZX. Virus-induced gene silencing of LcNAC002 significantly decreased the expression of LcSGR as well as L. chinensis MYELOBLASTOSIS1 (LcMYB1), and inhibited chlorophyll loss and anthocyanin accumulation. A dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that LcNAC002 significantly activates the expression of both LcSGR and LcMYB1. Furthermore, yeast-one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assay results showed that LcNAC002 directly binds to the promoters of LcSGR and LcMYB1. These findings suggest that LcNAC002 is an important ripening-related transcription factor that interlinks chlorophyll degradation and anthocyanin biosynthesis by coactivating the expression of both LcSGR and LcMYB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Cheng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mao-Gen Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Gui-Bing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui-Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Life Sciences and Technology, Yangtze Normal University, 16, Juxian Street, Fuling 408100, China
| | - Xu-Ming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Haydar Z, Esau TJ, Farooque AA, Zaman QU, Hennessy PJ, Singh K, Abbas F. Deep learning supported machine vision system to precisely automate the wild blueberry harvester header. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10198. [PMID: 37353530 PMCID: PMC10290139 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37087-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
An operator of a wild blueberry harvester faces the fatigue of manually adjusting the height of the harvester's head, considering spatial variations in plant height, fruit zone, and field topography affecting fruit yield. For stress-free harvesting of wild blueberries, a deep learning-supported machine vision control system has been developed to detect the fruit height and precisely auto-adjust the header picking teeth rake position. The OpenCV AI Kit (OAK-D) was used with YOLOv4-tiny deep learning model with code developed in Python to solve the challenge of matching fruit heights with the harvester's head position. The system accuracy was statistically evaluated with R2 (coefficient of determination) and σ (standard deviation) measured on the difference in distances between the berries picking teeth and average fruit heights, which were 72, 43% and 2.1, 2.3 cm for the auto and manual head adjustment systems, respectively. This innovative system performed well in weed-free areas but requires further work to operate in weedy sections of the fields. Benefits of using this system include automated control of the harvester's head to match the header picking rake height to the level of the fruit height while reducing the operator's stress by creating safer working environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Haydar
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
| | - Travis J Esau
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Aitazaz A Farooque
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada.
- Canadian Center for Climate Change and Adaptation, University of Prince Edward Island, St. Peter's, Canada.
| | - Qamar U Zaman
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Patrick J Hennessy
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Kuljeet Singh
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
| | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Engineering Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 24449, Doha, Qatar
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Liu Y, Wang Q, Abbas F, Zhou Y, He J, Fan Y, Yu R. Light Regulation of LoCOP1 and Its Role in Floral Scent Biosynthesis in Lilium 'Siberia'. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2004. [PMID: 37653921 PMCID: PMC10223427 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Light is an important environmental signal that governs plant growth, development, and metabolism. Constitutive photomorphogenic 1 (COP1) is a light signaling component that plays a vital role in plant light responses. We isolated the COP1 gene (LoCOP1) from the petals of Lilium 'Siberia' and investigated its function. The LoCOP1 protein was found to be the most similar to Apostasia shenzhenica COP1. LoCOP1 was found to be an important factor located in the nucleus and played a negative regulatory role in floral scent production and emission using the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) approach. The yeast two-hybrid, β-galactosidase, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays revealed that LoCOP1 interacts with LoMYB1 and LoMYB3. Furthermore, light modified both the subcellular distribution of LoCOP1 and its interactions with LoMYB1 and MYB3 in onion cells. The findings highlighted an important regulatory mechanism in the light signaling system that governs scent emission in Lilium 'Siberia' by the ubiquitination and degradation of transcription factors via the proteasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (Q.W.); (F.A.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Qin Wang
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (Q.W.); (F.A.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Farhat Abbas
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (Q.W.); (F.A.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (Q.W.); (F.A.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Jingjuan He
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (Q.W.); (F.A.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
| | - Yanping Fan
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (Q.W.); (F.A.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.)
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rangcai Yu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Abbas F, Yu Y, Bendahmane M, Wang HC. Plant volatiles and color compounds: From biosynthesis to function. Physiol Plant 2023; 175:e13947. [PMID: 37357979 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Abbas
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yixun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Bendahmane
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Development des Plantes, INRA-CNRS-Lyon1-ENS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Hui-Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Abbas F, Zhou Y, O'Neill Rothenberg D, Alam I, Ke Y, Wang HC. Aroma Components in Horticultural Crops: Chemical Diversity and Usage of Metabolic Engineering for Industrial Applications. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12091748. [PMID: 37176806 PMCID: PMC10180852 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants produce an incredible variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that assist the interactions with their environment, such as attracting pollinating insects and seed dispersers and defense against herbivores, pathogens, and parasites. Furthermore, VOCs have a significant economic impact on crop quality, as well as the beverage, food, perfume, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals industries. These VOCs are mainly classified as terpenoids, benzenoids/phenylpropanes, and fatty acid derivates. Fruits and vegetables are rich in minerals, vitamins, antioxidants, and dietary fiber, while aroma compounds play a major role in flavor and quality management of these horticultural commodities. Subtle shifts in aroma compounds can dramatically alter the flavor and texture of fruits and vegetables, altering their consumer appeal. Rapid innovations in -omics techniques have led to the isolation of genes encoding enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of several volatiles, which has aided to our comprehension of the regulatory molecular pathways involved in VOC production. The present review focuses on the significance of aroma volatiles to the flavor and aroma profile of horticultural crops and addresses the industrial applications of plant-derived volatile terpenoids, particularly in food and beverages, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and biofuel industries. Additionally, the methodological constraints and complexities that limit the transition from gene selection to host organisms and from laboratories to practical implementation are discussed, along with metabolic engineering's potential for enhancing terpenoids volatile production at the industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Abbas
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Dylan O'Neill Rothenberg
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Intikhab Alam
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanguo Ke
- College of Economics and Management, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering & Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Hui-Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Ke Y, Zhou Y, Lv Y, Qi Y, Wei H, Lei Y, Huang F, Abbas F. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis provides insights on the floral scent formation in Hydrangea arborescens. Physiol Plant 2023:e13914. [PMID: 37072650 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrangea (Hydrangea arborescens var. 'Annabelle') flowers are composed of sweet aroma sepals rather than true petals and can change color. Floral volatiles play important roles in plants, such as attracting pollinators, defending against herbivores, and signaling. However, the biosynthesis and regulatory mechanisms underlying fragrance formation in H. arborescens during flower development remain unknown. In this study, a combination of metabolite profiling and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was employed to identify genes associated with floral scent biosynthesis mechanisms in 'Annabelle' flowers at three developmental stages (F1, F2, and F3). The floral volatile data revealed that the 'Annabelle' volatile profile includes a total of 33 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and VOCs were abundant during the F2 stage of flower development, followed by the F1 and F3 stages, respectively. Terpenoids and benzenoids/phenylpropanoids were abundant during the F2 and F1 stages, with the latter being the most abundant, whereas fatty acid derivatives and other compounds were found in large amount during the F3 stage. According to ultra performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis, benzene and substituted derivatives, carboxylic acids and derivatives, and fatty acyls play a significant role in the floral metabolite profile. The transcriptome data revealed a total of 17,461 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 7,585, 12,795, and 9,044 DEGs discovered between the F2 and F1, F3 and F1, and F2 and F3 stages, respectively. Several terpenoids and benzenoids/phenylpropanoids biosynthesis-related DEGs were identified, and GRAS/bHLH/MYB/AP2/WRKY were more abundant among transcription factors (TFs). Finally, DEGs interlinked with VOCs compounds were determined using cytoscape and k-means analysis. Our results paves the way for the discovery of new genes, critical data for future genetic studies, and a platform for the metabolic engineering of genes involved in the production of Hydrangea's signature floral fragrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanguo Ke
- College of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiying Lv
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Qi
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Huanyu Wei
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Feiyan Huang
- Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, College of Agronomy, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Yang MC, Wu ZC, Chen RY, Abbas F, Hu GB, Huang XM, Guan WS, Xu YS, Wang HC. SnRNA-seq and mRNA hybridization indicate key bud events and LcFT1 and LcTFL1-2 mRNA transportability during floral transition in litchi. J Exp Bot 2023:erad103. [PMID: 36928543 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In flowering plants, floral induction signals intersect at the shoot apex to modulate meristem determinacy and growth form. Herein, we reported a snRNA-seq analysis of litchi apical buds at different developmental stages. A total of 41,641 nuclei expressing 21,402 genes were analyzed, revealing 35 cell clusters corresponding to 12 broad populations. We signature genes associated with floral transition and propose a model that profile the key events associated with litchi floral meristem identity by analyzing 567 identified floral meristem cells at single cell resolution. Interestingly, snRNA-seq data indicated that all putative FT and TFL1 genes were not expressed in bud nuclei, but significant expressions of them were detected in bud samples using RT-PCR. Based on the expression patterns and gene silencing results, we highlight the critical role of LcTFL1-2 in inhibiting flowering and propose that LcFT1/LcTFL1-2 expression ratio may determine the success flower transition. And the transport of LcFT1 and LcTFL1-2 mRNA from the leaf to the shoot apical meristem was proposed based on in-situ and dot blot hybridization results. These findings allowed for a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular events that occur during the litchi floral transition, as well as the identification of new regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chao Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Chen Wu
- Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, China
| | - Ri-Yao Chen
- College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Bing Hu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Ming Huang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Song Guan
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Song Xu
- Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, China
| | - Hui-Cong Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Life Sciences and Technology, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling 408100, People's Republic of China
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11
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Ali F, Khan N, Khan AM, Ali K, Abbas F. Species distribution modelling of Monotheca buxifolia (Falc.) A. DC.: Present distribution and impacts of potential climate change. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13417. [PMID: 36825187 PMCID: PMC9941954 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Species distribution modelling (SDM) is an important tool to examine the possible change in the population range and/or niche-shift under current environment and predicted climate change. Monotheca buxifolia is an economically and ecologically important tree species inhabiting Pakistan and Afghanistan in dense patches, and species range is contracting rapidly. This study hypothesize that predicted climate change might remarkably influence the existing distribution pattern of M. buxifolia in the study area. A total of 75 occurrence locations were identified comprising M. buxifolia as a dominant tree species. The Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm was utilized to perform the SDM under current (the 1970s-2000s) and two future climate change scenarios (shared socioeconomic pathways: SSPs 245 and 585) of two time periods (the 2050s and 2070s). The optimal model settings were assessed, and simulation precision was assessed by examining the partial area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (pAUC-ROC). The results showed that out of 39 considered bio-climatic, topographic, edaphic, and remote sensing variables which were utilized in the preliminary model, 6 variables including precipitation of warmest quarter, topographic diversity, global human modification of terrestrial land, normalized difference vegetation index, isothermality, and elevation (in order) were the most influential drivers, and utilized in all reduced SDMs. A high predictive performance (pAUC-ROC; >0.9) of all the considered SDMs was recorded. A total of about 67,684 km2 of geographical area was predicted as suitable habitat (p > 0.8) for M. buxifolia, and Pakistan is the leading country (with about 54,975 km2 of suitable land area) under the current climate scenario. Overall, the existing distribution of the tree species in the study area might face considerable loss (i.e. rate of change %; -27 to -107) in future, and simultaneously a northward (high elevation) niche shift is predicted for all the considered future climate change scenarios. Hence, development and implementation of a coordinated conservation program is required on priority basis to save the tree species in its native geographic range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayaz Ali
- Department of Botany, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Dir Upper, 18050, Pakistan,Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Nasrullah Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Mahmood Khan
- Department of Botany, Government Hashmat Ali Islamia Associate College Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Kishwar Ali
- College of General Education, University of Doha for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 24449, Doha, Qatar
| | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Engineering Technology, University of Doha for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 24449, Doha, Qatar,Corresponding author.
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Xie X, Gu Y, Wang W, Abbas F, Qin S, Fu S, Mei J, Wang J, Ma D, Wen G, Yang Y, Sharma A, Wang X, Yan D, Zheng B, He Y, Yuan H. Exogenous spermidine improved drought tolerance in Ilex verticillata seedlings. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1065208. [PMID: 36743484 PMCID: PMC9895825 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1065208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Winterberry (Ilex verticillata (L.) A. Gray) is a recently introduced ornamental tree species in China that has not been closely investigated for its drought resistance. In this study, we used two-year-old cuttings from I. verticillata (L.) A. Gray and two representative varieties derived from it, I. verticillata 'Oosterwijk' and I. verticillata 'Jim Dandy', as materials to investigate how this plant responds to drought stress and whether exogenous spermidine (SPD) can alleviate the negative effects caused by drought stress. The results showed that as the degree of drought stress increased, the leaves of winterberry seedlings became chlorotic, and their edges became dry. Similarly, the relative water content, specific leaf weight, chlorophyll content, leaf nitrogen content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were significantly reduced, whereas the content of malondialdehyde continuously increased with the degree of drought stress. The activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase increased under moderate drought stress and then decreased under severe drought stress. The levels of soluble sugar and abscisic acid continued to increase, while those of auxin and gibberellic acid decreased. When compared with individual drought stress, an increase in the amount of external SPD clearly alleviated the effect of drought stress on winterberry seedlings. The combined phenotypes and physiological indices of the winterberry leaves under drought stress conditions revealed that the drought resistance of the native species was significantly higher than its two varieties. This finding serves as an important theoretical foundation for the popularization and application of I. verticillata (L.) A. Gray and the two varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sini Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dexuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangchao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daoliang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
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Amanullah S, Li S, Osae BA, Yang T, Abbas F, Gao M, Wang X, Liu H, Gao P, Luan F. Primary mapping of quantitative trait loci regulating multivariate horticultural phenotypes of watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus L.). Front Plant Sci 2023; 13:1034952. [PMID: 36714694 PMCID: PMC9877429 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1034952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Watermelon fruits exhibit a remarkable diversity of important horticultural phenotypes. In this study, we initiated a primary quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping to identify the candidate regions controlling the ovary, fruit, and seed phenotypes. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was carried out for two differentiated watermelon lines, and 350 Mb (96%) and 354 Mb (97%) of re-sequenced reads covered the reference de novo genome assembly, individually. A total of 45.53% non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (nsSNPs) and 54.47% synonymous SNPs (sSNPs) were spotted, which produced 210 sets of novel SNP-based cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence (CAPS) markers by depicting 46.25% co-dominant polymorphism among parent lines and offspring. A biparental F2:3 mapping population comprised of 100 families was used for trait phenotyping and CAPS genotyping, respectively. The constructed genetic map spanned a total of 2,398.40 centimorgans (cM) in length and averaged 11.42 cM, with 95.99% genome collinearity. A total of 33 QTLs were identified at different genetic positions across the eight chromosomes of watermelon (Chr-01, Chr-02, Chr-04, Chr-05, Chr-06, Chr-07, Chr-10, and Chr-11); among them, eight QTLs of the ovary, sixteen QTLs of the fruit, and nine QTLs of the seed related phenotypes were classified with 5.32-25.99% phenotypic variance explained (PVE). However, twenty-four QTLs were identified as major-effect and nine QTLs were mapped as minor-effect QTLs across the flanking regions of CAPS markers. Some QTLs were exhibited as tightly localized across the nearby genetic regions and explained the pleiotropic effects of multigenic nature. The flanking QTL markers also depicted significant allele specific contributions and accountable genes were predicted for respective traits. Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment was categorized in molecular function (MF), cellular components (CC), and biological process (BP); however, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were classified into three main classes of metabolism, genetic information processing, and brite hierarchies. The principal component analysis (PCA) of multivariate phenotypes widely demonstrated the major variability, consistent with the identified QTL regions. In short, we assumed that our identified QTL regions provide valuable genetic insights regarding the watermelon phenotypes and fine genetic mapping could be used to confirm them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikandar Amanullah
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Shenglong Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Benjamin Agyei Osae
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xuezheng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Feishi Luan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
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14
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Yang Y, Wang J, Xu Y, Abbas F, Xu D, Tao S, Xie X, Song F, Huang Q, Sharma A, Zheng L, Yan D, Wang X, Zheng B, Yuan H, Wu R, He Y. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of AUX/LAX family genes in Chinese hickory ( Carya cathayensis Sarg.) Under various abiotic stresses and grafting. Front Plant Sci 2023; 13:1060965. [PMID: 36684757 PMCID: PMC9849883 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1060965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is essential for regulating plant growth and development as well as the response of plants to abiotic stresses. AUX/LAX proteins are auxin influx transporters belonging to the amino acid permease family of proton-driven transporters, and are involved in the transport of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). However, how AUX/LAX genes respond to abiotic stresses in Chinese hickory is less studied. For the first time identification, structural characteristics as well as gene expression analysis of the AUX/LAX gene family in Chinese hickory were conducted by using techniques of gene cloning and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Eight CcAUX/LAXs were identified in Chinese hickory, all of which had the conserved structural characteristics of AUX/LAXs. CcAUX/LAXs were most closely related to their homologous proteins in Populus trichocarpa , which was in consistence with their common taxonomic character of woody trees. CcAUX/LAXs exhibited different expression profiles in different tissues, indicating their varying roles during growth and development. A number of light-, hormone-, and abiotic stress responsive cis-acting regulatory elements were detected on the promoters of CcAUX/LAX genes. CcAUX/LAX genes responded differently to drought and salt stress treatments to varying degrees. Furthermore, CcAUX/LAX genes exhibited complex expression changes during Chinese hickory grafting. These findings not only provide a valuable resource for further functional validation of CcAUX/LAXs, but also contribute to a better understanding of their potential regulatory functions during grafting and abiotic stress treatments in Chinese hickory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongbin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenchen Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoyu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luqing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daoliang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Departments of Public Health Sciences and Statistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry (A&F) University, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Yi JW, Ge HT, Abbas F, Zhao JT, Huang XM, Hu GB, Wang HC. Function of a non-enzymatic hexokinase LcHXK1 as glucose sensor in regulating litchi fruit abscission. Tree Physiol 2023; 43:130-141. [PMID: 35951668 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fruit abscission is a severe hindrance to commercial crop production, and a lack of carbohydrates causes fruit abscission to intensify in a variety of plant species. However, the precise mechanism by which carbohydrates affect fruit setting potential has yet to be determined. In the current study, we noticed negative correlation between hexose level and fruit setting by comparing different cultivars, bearing shoots of varying diameters, and girdling and defoliation treatments. The cumulative fruit-dropping rate was significantly reduced in response to exogenous glucose dipping. These results suggested that hexose, especially glucose, is the key player in lowering litchi fruit abscission. Moreover, five putative litchi hexokinase genes (LcHXKs) were isolated and the subcellular localization as well as activity of their expressed proteins in catalyzing hexose phosphorylation were investigated. LcHXK2 was only found in mitochondria and expressed catalytic protein, whereas the other four HXKs were found in both mitochondria and nuclei and had no activity in catalyzing hexose phosphorylation. LcHXK1 and LcHXK4 were found in the same cluster as previously reported hexose sensors AtHXK1 and MdHXK1. Furthermore, VIGS-mediated silencing assay confirms that LcHXK1 suppression increases fruit abscission. These findings revealed that LcHXK1 functions as hexose sensor, negatively regulating litchi fruit abscission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Wen Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Protection and Utilization, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Han-Tao Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jie-Tang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xu-Ming Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Gui-Bing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui-Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Life Sciences and Technology, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling 408100, China
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Alghamdi S, Abbas F, Hussein R, Alhamzani A, El‐Shamy N. Spectroscopic characterization (IR, UV-Vis), and HOMO-LUMO, MEP, NLO, NBO Analysis and the Antifungal Activity for 4-Bromo-N-(2-nitrophenyl) benzamide; Using DFT Modeling and In silico Molecular Docking. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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17
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Inayat M, Abbas F, Rehman MH, Mahmud A. Physico-Chemical Parameters, Oxidative Stress, and Fatty Acid Profile of American Pekin Ducks (Anas Platyrhynchos Domesticus) Raised under Different Production Systems. Braz J Poult Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Inayat
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - F Abbas
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - MH Rehman
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - A Mahmud
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
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18
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Wang D, Chen L, Yang Y, Abbas F, Qin Y, Lu H, Lai B, Wu Z, Hu B, Qin Y, Wang H, Zhao J, Hu G. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis reveals the cause of anthocyanin biosynthesis deficiency in litchi aril. Physiol Plant 2023; 175:e13860. [PMID: 36683140 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are health-promoting compounds with strong antioxidant properties that play important roles in disease prevention. Litchi chinensis Sonn. is a well-known and economically significant fruit due to its appealing appearance and nutritional value. The mature pericarp of litchi is rich in anthocyanins, whereas the aril (flesh) has an extremely low anthocyanin content. However, the mechanism of anthocyanin differential accumulation in litchi pericarp and aril remained unknown. Here, metabolome and transcriptome analysis were performed to unveil the cause of the deficiency of anthocyanin biosynthesis in litchi aril. Numerous anthocyanin biosynthesis-related metabolites and their derivatives were found in the aril, and the levels of rutin and (-)-epicatechin in the aril were comparable to those found in the pericarp, while anthocyanin levels were negligible. This suggests that the biosynthetic pathway from phenylalanine to cyanidin was present but that a block in cyanidin glycosylation could result in extremely low anthocyanin accumulation in the aril. Furthermore, 54 candidate genes were screened using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and 9 genes (LcUFGT1, LcGST1, LcMYB1, LcSGR, LcCYP75B1, LcMATE, LcTPP, LcSWEET10, and LcERF61) might play a significant role in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. The dual-luciferase reporter (DLR) assay revealed that LcMYB1 strongly activated the promoters of LcUFGT1, LcGST4, and LcSWEET10. The results imply that LcMYB1 is the primary qualitative gene responsible for the deficiency of anthocyanin biosynthesis in litchi aril, which was confirmed by a transient transformation assay. Our findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying tissue-specific anthocyanin accumulation and will help developing new red-fleshed litchi germplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobio-resources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobio-resources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yabing Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobio-resources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobio-resources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobio-resources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanle Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobio-resources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biao Lai
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, China
| | - Zichen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobio-resources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forestry Research, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonghua Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobio-resources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huicong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobio-resources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jietang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobio-resources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guibing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agrobio-resources/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Yang MC, Wu ZC, Huang LL, Abbas F, Wang HC. Systematic Methods for Isolating High Purity Nuclei from Ten Important Plants for Omics Interrogation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233919. [PMID: 36497177 PMCID: PMC9740283 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in developmental biology have been made possible by using multi-omic studies at single cell resolution. However, progress in plants has been slowed, owing to the tremendous difficulty in protoplast isolation from most plant tissues and/or oversize protoplasts during flow cytometry purification. Surprisingly, rapid innovations in nucleus research have shed light on plant studies in single cell resolution, which necessitates high quality and efficient nucleus isolation. Herein, we present efficient nuclei isolation protocols from the leaves of ten important plants including Arabidopsis, rice, maize, tomato, soybean, banana, grape, citrus, apple, and litchi. We provide a detailed procedure for nucleus isolation, flow cytometry purification, and absolute nucleus number quantification. The nucleus isolation buffer formula of the ten plants tested was optimized, and the results indicated a high nuclei yield. Microscope observations revealed high purity after flow cytometry sorting, and the DNA and RNA quality extract from isolated nuclei were monitored by using the nuclei in cell division cycle and single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) studies, with detailed procedures provided. The findings indicated that nucleus yield and quality meet the requirements of snRNA-seq, cell division cycle, and likely other omic studies. The protocol outlined here makes it feasible to perform plant omic studies at single cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chao Yang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zi-Chen Wu
- Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Liang-Liang Huang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui-Cong Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Life Sciences and Technology, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China
- Correspondence:
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20
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Shoaib M, Jalbani IK, Uddin Z, Rafi A, Abbas F. Locally Aggressive Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumour of Kidney Leading to Nephron Loss. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2022; 32:SS190-SS192. [PMID: 36597335 DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2022.supp0.ss190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour (MEST) is a rare benign renal tumour. It is mainly found in perimenopausal women. We present a case of a 42-year female with no known comorbid who was presented in the outpatient clinic for the right flank pain. Contrast-enhanced CT scan revealed a complex renal cyst with internal septations. Considering a large symptomatic cyst and the presence of internal septations, she was planned for cyst excision. Peroperatively, significant disease progression and loss of renal parenchyma were noted contrary to preoperative scan. Histopathology of the specimen revealed MEST. We demonstrate that MEST of the kidney may have an aggressive local behaviour leading to nephron loss. Key Words: Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour, Kidney, Benign, Renal neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shoaib
- Department of Urology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Pathology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan Jalbani
- Department of Urology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Pathology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Ahsan Rafi
- Department of Urology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Pathology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Department of Urology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.,Department of Pathology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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21
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Abbas F, O'Neill Rothenberg D, Zhou Y, Ke Y, Wang HC. Volatile organic compounds as mediators of plant communication and adaptation to climate change. Physiol Plant 2022; 174:e13840. [PMID: 36512339 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant volatile organic compounds are the most abundant and structurally diverse plant secondary metabolites. They play a key role in plant lifespan via direct and indirect plant defenses, attracting pollinators, and mediating various interactions between plants and their environment. The ecological diversity and context-dependence of plant-plant communication driven by volatiles are crucial elements that influence plant performance in different habitats. Plant volatiles are also valued for their multiple applications in food, flavor, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. In the current review, we summarize recent advances that have elucidated the functions of plant volatile organic compounds as mediators of plant interaction at community and individual levels, highlighting the complexities of plant receiver feedback to various signals and cues. This review emphasizes volatile terpenoids, the most abundant class of plant volatile organic compounds, highlighting their role in plant adaptability to global climate change and stress-response pathways that are integral to plant growth and survival. Finally, we identify research gaps and suggest future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Abbas
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dylan O'Neill Rothenberg
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanguo Ke
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering & Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, China
- College of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Hui-Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Abbas F, Guo S, Zhou Y, Wu J, Amanullah S, Wang HC, Shen J. Metabolome and transcriptome analysis of terpene synthase genes and their putative role in floral aroma production in Litchi chinensis. Physiol Plant 2022; 174:e13796. [PMID: 36251666 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are essential traits of flowers since they attract pollinators, aid in seed distribution, protect the plant from internal and external stimuli, and are involved in plant-plant and plant-environment interactions. Apart from their role in plants, VOCs are used in pharmaceuticals, fragrances, cosmetics, and flavorings. Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a popular fruit due to its enticing red appearance, exotic taste, and high nutritional qualities. Litchi flowers bloom as inflorescences primarily on the shoot terminals. There are three distinct flower types, two male and one female, all of which are produced on the same panicle and rely on insect pollination. Herein, we used a comprehensive metabolomic approach to examine the volatile profile of litchi fruit (green pericarp, yellow pericarp, and red pericarp) as well as male and female flowers (bud stage, half open and full bloom). From a quantitative examination of the volatiles in L. chinensis, a total of 19, 22, and 21 VOCs were discovered from female flowers, male flowers, and fruits, with the majority of them belonging to sesquiterpenes. Multivariate analysis revealed that the volatile profiles of fruits differ from those of male and female flowers. Three VOCs were unique to male flowers and ten to the fruit, while eight VOCs were shared by both male and female flowers and eleven by both male and female flowers and the fruit. Furthermore, for the first time, we identified and comprehensively studied the TERPENE SYNTHASE genes (TPS) using the litchi genome and transcriptome database, which revealed 38 TPS genes unevenly distributed across the 15 chromosomes. A phylogenetic study showed that LcTPS were grouped into TPS-b, TPS-c, TPS-e, TPS-f, and TPS-g subfamilies, with TPS-b having the most genes. The conserved motifs (RRX8 W, NSE/DTE, and DDXX D) were studied in LcTPSs, and significant variation between subfamilies was discovered. Furthermore, after integrating the metabolome and transcriptome datasets, several VOCs were shown to be development-specific and highly linked with distinct LcTPS genes, making them promising biomarkers. Interestingly, LcTPS17/20/23/24/31 were associated with monoterpene edges, while the rest were connected to sesquiterpene edges, indicating their probable participation in the aroma biosynthesis mechanism of certain compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Abbas
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoying Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sikandar Amanullah
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui-Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyuan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Asif K, Abbas F. Potential Neurological Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Nonsystematic Review of the Literature During the First Year of Pandemics. tnd 2022. [DOI: 10.4274/tnd.2022.90248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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24
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Sabir IA, Manzoor MA, Shah IH, Abbas F, Liu X, Fiaz S, Shah AN, Jiu S, Wang J, Abdullah M, Zhang C. Evolutionary and Integrative Analysis of Gibberellin-Dioxygenase Gene Family and Their Expression Profile in Three Rosaceae Genomes ( F. vesca, P. mume, and P. avium) Under Phytohormone Stress. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:942969. [PMID: 35874024 PMCID: PMC9302438 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.942969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The gibberellin-dioxygenase (GAox) gene family plays a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development. GAoxs, which are encoded by many gene subfamilies, are extremely critical in regulating bioactive GA levels by catalyzing the subsequent stages in the biosynthesis process. Moreover, GAoxs are important enzymes in the GA synthesis pathway, and the GAox gene family has not yet been identified in Rosaceae species (Prunus avium L., F. vesca, and P. mume), especially in response to gibberellin and PCa (prohexadione calcium; reduce biologically active GAs). In the current investigation, 399 GAox members were identified in sweet cherry, Japanese apricot, and strawberry. Moreover, they were further classified into six (A-F) subgroups based on phylogeny. According to motif analysis and gene structure, the majority of the PavGAox genes have a remarkably well-maintained exon-intron and motif arrangement within the same subgroup, which may lead to functional divergence. In the systematic investigation, PavGAox genes have several duplication events, but segmental duplication occurs frequently. A calculative analysis of orthologous gene pairs in Prunus avium L., F. vesca, and P. mume revealed that GAox genes are subjected to purifying selection during the evolutionary process, resulting in functional divergence. The analysis of cis-regulatory elements in the upstream region of the 140 PavGAox members suggests a possible relationship between genes and specific functions of hormone response-related elements. Moreover, the PavGAox genes display a variety of tissue expression patterns in diverse tissues, with most of the PavGAox genes displaying tissue-specific expression patterns. Furthermore, most of the PavGAox genes express significant expression in buds under phytohormonal stresses. Phytohormones stress analysis demonstrated that some of PavGAox genes are responsible for maintaining the GA level in plant-like Pav co4017001.1 g010.1.br, Pav sc0000024.1 g340.1.br, and Pav sc0000024.1 g270.1.mk. The subcellular localization of PavGAox protein utilizing a tobacco transient transformation system into the tobacco epidermal cells predicted that GFP signals were mostly found in the cytoplasm. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the GAox gene family's interaction with prohexadione calcium and GA, as well as provide a strong framework for future functional characterization of GAox genes in sweet cherry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ali Sabir
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xunju Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Songtao Jiu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiyuan Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Abdullah
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixi Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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25
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Ahmed K, Sheikh A, Fatima S, Haider G, Ghias K, Abbas F, Mughal N, Abidi SH. Detection and characterization of latency stage of EBV and histopathological analysis of prostatic adenocarcinoma tissues. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10399. [PMID: 35729214 PMCID: PMC9213544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14511-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of prostate cancer involves both genetic and acquired factors, including pathogens, such as viruses. A limited number of studies have shown the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in prostate cancer tissues. However, there is a dearth of data exploring EBV latency profile in prostate cancer, and the relationship of EBV with histopathological features of prostate cancer. In this study, prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) samples were screened for the presence of EBV, followed by the characterization of the EBV latency profile and analysis of histopathological parameters in EBV-positive and EBV-negative groups. A conventional PCR strategy was employed using virus-specific primers to screen EBV in 99 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) prostate cancer and 33 BPH samples received for histopathological analysis during the years 2019–2020. Subsequently, cDNA samples were used in a qPCR array to analyze the expression of EBV latency-associated genes to map the latency profile EBV maintains in the samples. Finally, statistical analyses were performed to determine the correlation between EBV and several histopathological features of the samples. EBV was detected in 39% of prostate cancer and 24% of BPH samples. The histopathological analysis of prostate cancer samples identified all samples as prostatic adenocarcinoma of acinar type, while statistical analyses revealed EBV-positive samples to exhibit significantly higher (p < 0.05) Gleason major and total Gleason scores as compared to EBV-negative samples. In the EBV-positive samples, variable expression patterns of latency-associated genes were observed, where most of the samples exhibited EBV latency II/III-like profiles in prostate cancer, while latency-II-like profiles in BPH samples. This study suggests a high prevalence of EBV in prostate samples, where EBV exhibited latency II/III-like profiles. Furthermore, EBV-positive samples exhibited a higher Gleason score suggesting a possible link between EBV and the onset/progression of prostate cancers. However, future functional studies are required to understand the role of the EBV gene expression profile in the onset/progression of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Ahmed
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Alisalman Sheikh
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saira Fatima
- Section of Histopathology, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Haider
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kulsoom Ghias
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nouman Mughal
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. .,Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Hani Abidi
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
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Rehman NU, Abbas F, Imran M, Alam I, Imran M, Ullah I, Riaz M, Khan FU. Genome wide analysis of DWARF27 genes in soybean and functional characterization of GmD27c reveals eminent role of strigolactones in rhizobia interaction and nodulation in Glycine max. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5405-5417. [PMID: 35025033 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strigolactones (SLs) are newly identified hormones and their biosynthesis is stimulated under phosphate deprivation and accomplished by the action of several enzymes, including the beta-carotene isomerase DWARF27 (D27). Expression of D27 is well renowned to respond to phosphate insufficiency. However, the identification and functional analysis of the carotenoid isomerase D27 genes are not elucidated in soybean. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of six D27 genes were identified in the soybean genome and designated on the basis of chromosomal localization. According to the findings, these genes were irregularly distributed on chromosomes, and segmental repetition led to the expansion of the soybean GmD27 gene family. Based on a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree, the predicted D27 proteins of soybean were divided into three clades. Based on RNA seq data analysis, GmD27 genes were differently expressed in various tissues but GmD27c was the highest. Therefore, GmD27c was chosen for the additional functional study due to its rather obvious transcription in nodulation and roots. RT-qPCR results showed that GmD27c was highly expressed in different nodule stages and in response to rhizobia infection. Functional characterization of GmD27c revealed that overexpression of GmD27c led to higher nodule number, while GmD27c knockdown caused fewer nodules compared to GUS control. Furthermore, GmD27c overexpressed and knockdown lines oppositely regulated the expression of numerous nodulation genes, which are vital for the development of nodules. CONCLUSION This study not only discovered that SL biosynthesis and signaling pathway genes are conserved, but it also revealed that SL biosynthesis gene GmD27c and legume rhizobia have close interactions in controlling plant nodule number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Intikhab Alam
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Imran
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ihteram Ullah
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresource, Root Biology Center, College of Natural Resource and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fahim Ullah Khan
- Department of Agriculture, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
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27
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Huang F, Abbas F, Fiaz S, Imran M, Yanguo K, Hassan W, Ashraf U, He Y, Cai X, Wang Z, Yu L, Ye X, Chen X. Comprehensive characterization of Guanosine monophosphate synthetase in Nicotiana tabacum. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5265-5272. [PMID: 34689282 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06718-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guanosine monophosphate (GMP) synthetase is an enzyme that converts xanthosine monophosphate to GMP. GMP plays an essential role in plant development and responses to internal and external stimuli. It also plays a crucial role in several plant physiochemical processes, such as stomata closure, cation flux regulation, pathogen responses and chloroplast development. METHODS AND RESULTS The mRNA sequences of NtGMP synthase in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) were rapidly amplified from cDNA. The GMP synthase open reading frame contains a 1617 bp sequence encoding 538 amino acids. A sequence analysis showed that this sequence shares high homology with that of Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana attenuata, N. tomentosiformis, Solanum tuberosum, Lycopersicon pennellii, L. esculentum, Capsicum annuum, C. chinense and C. baccatum GMP synthase. A BLAST analysis with a tobacco high-throughput genomic sequence database revealed that the tobacco GMP synthase gene has five introns and six exons. A phylogenetic analysis showed a close genetic evolutionary relationship with N. sylvestris GMP synthase. The tissue-specific expression profile was evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR. The data showed that NtGMP synthase was highly expressed in leaves and moderately expressed in roots, flowers, and stems. The subcellular localization was predicted using the WOLF PSORT webserver, which strongly suggested that it might be localized to the cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS In the current study, we cloned and comprehensively characterized GMP synthase in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Our results establish a basis for further research to explore the precise role of this enzyme in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Huang
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering & Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ke Yanguo
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering & Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, China.
- College of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming, China.
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Yuansheng He
- Lincang Tobacco Corporation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Xuanjie Cai
- Material Procurement Center, Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Zhijiang Wang
- Kunming Tobacco Corporation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering & Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Xianwen Ye
- Kunming Tobacco Corporation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650021, China.
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Tobacco Leaf Technology Centre, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
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Huang F, Abbas F, Rothenberg DO, Imran M, Fiaz S, Rehman NU, Amanullah S, Younas A, Ding Y, Cai X, Chen X, Yu L, Ye X, Jiang L, Ke Y, He Y. Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of two 12-oxophytodienoate reductases (NtOPR1 and NtOPR2) from Nicotiana tabacum. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5379-5387. [PMID: 35149935 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA) is a signaling molecule involved in defense and stress responses in plants. 12-oxophytodienoate reductase (OPR) is involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid and trigger the conversion of OPDA into 3-oxo-2(2'[Z]-pentenyl)-cyclopentane-1-octanoic acid (OPC-8:0). METHODS AND RESULTS Sequence analysis revealed that Nicotiana tabacum 12-oxophytodienoate reductase 1 (OPR1) and OPR2 encoded polypeptides of 375 and 349 amino acids with molecular masses of 41.67 and 39.04 kilodaltons (kDa), respectively, while the deduced protein sequences of NtOPR1 and NtOPR2 showed high homology with other 12-oxophytodienoate reductases. BLAST (Basic local alignment search tool) analysis revealed that both NtOPRs belong to the family of Old Yellow Enzymes (OYE), and analysis of genomic DNA structure indicated that both genes include 5 exons and 4 introns. Phylogenetic analysis using MEGA X showed that NtOPR1 and NtOPR2 shared a close evolutionary relationship with Nicotiana attenuata 12-oxophytodienoate reductases. In silico analysis of subcellular localization indicated the probable locations of NtOPR1 and NtOPR2 to be the cytoplasm and the peroxisome, respectively. Tissue-specific expression assays via qRT-PCR revealed that NtOPR1 and NtOPR2 genes were highly expressed in Nicotiana tabacum roots, temperately expressed in leaves and flowers, while low expression was observed in stem tissue. CONCLUSIONS Presently, two 12-oxophytodienoate reductase genes (NtOPR1 and NtOPR2) were cloned and comprehensively characterized. Our findings provide comprehensive analyses that may guide future deep molecular studies of 12-oxophytodienoate reductases in Nicotiana tabacum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Huang
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering & Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | | | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Sikandar Amanullah
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Afifa Younas
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yan Ding
- Material Procurement Center, Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200082, Yunnan, China
| | - Xianjie Cai
- Material Procurement Center, Shanghai Tobacco Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200082, Yunnan, China.
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Tobacco Leaf Purchase Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering & Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Xianwen Ye
- Kunming Tobacco Corporation of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Honghe Tobacco Corporation of Yunnan Province, Honghe, 661400, China
| | - Yanguo Ke
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering & Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, China.
- College of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming, China.
| | - Yuansheng He
- Lincang Company of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Lincang, 677000, China
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Yasir M, Nawaz A, Ghazanfar S, Okla MK, Chaudhary A, Al WH, Ajmal MN, AbdElgawad H, Ahmad Z, Abbas F, Wadood A, Manzoor Z, Akhtar N, Din M, Hameed Y, Imran M. Anti-bacterial activity of essential oils against multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens isolated from raw milk. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e259449. [PMID: 35544793 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.259449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of pathogenic bacteria in food is considered as a primary cause of food-borne illness and food quality deterioration worldwide. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of five essential oils (EOs) against multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens. In the current study Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia, Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Proteus, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella) and the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus were isolated from raw milk and biochemically characterized. The anti-bacterial effect of different antibiotics and EOs (thyme, oregano, lemongrass, mint, and rosemary) was determined using the standard disc diffusion method. The antibiogram study revealed that Gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to penicillin while Staphylococcus was resistant to streptomycin, amoxicillin, and lincomycin. Moderate resistance was observed to doxycycline, amikacin, enrofloxacin, kanamycin and cefixime. Isolates were found less resistant to gentamycin, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin. EOs showed a broad range of antimicrobial activity against all bacteria except P. aeruginosa. Of these, thyme was more effective against most of the multi-drug resistant bacterial strains and formed the largest zone of inhibition (26 mm) against Escherichia followed by oregano oil (18 mm) against Staphylococcus (p<0.05). Klebsiella spp and Citrobacter spp showed resistance to mint and lemongrass oil respectively. The EOs such as lemongrass, mint and rosemary were less active against all the bacteria. The findings of the recent study suggest the use of EOs as natural antibacterial agents for food preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yasir
- University of Baluchistan, Department of Microbiology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - A Nawaz
- Government College University Faisalabad, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Ghazanfar
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M K Okla
- King Saud University, College of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Chaudhary
- University of Central Punjab, Department of Biochemistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Wahidah H Al
- King Saud University, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M N Ajmal
- University of Jhang, Department of Microbiology, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - H AbdElgawad
- University of Antwerp, Department of Biology, Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Z Ahmad
- University of Balochistan, Center for Advanced Studies in Vaccinology and Biotechnology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - F Abbas
- University of Balochistan, Center for Advanced Studies in Vaccinology and Biotechnology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - A Wadood
- University of Baluchistan, Department of Microbiology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Z Manzoor
- Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Department of Parasitology and Microbiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - N Akhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Science, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - M Din
- Bolan Medical College, Department of Pathology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Y Hameed
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M Imran
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Amanullah S, Osae BA, Yang T, Li S, Abbas F, Liu S, Liu S, Song Z, Wang X, Gao P, Luan F. Development of Whole Genome SNP-CAPS Markers and Preliminary QTL Mapping of Fruit Pedicel Traits in Watermelon. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:879919. [PMID: 35620678 PMCID: PMC9128861 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.879919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fruit pedicel (FP) is an important determinant of premium fruit quality that directly affects commercial market value. However, in-depth molecular and genetic basis of pedicel-related traits has not been identified in watermelon. Herein, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping strategy was used to identify the potential genetic regions controlling FP traits based on newly derived whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism based cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence (SNP-CAPS) markers. Next-generation sequencing based whole-genome re-sequencing of two watermelon parent lines revealed 98.30 and 98.40% of average coverage, 4,989,869 SNP variants, and 182,949 CAPS loci pairs across the reference genome, respectively. A total of 221 sets of codominant markers exhibited 46.42% polymorphism rate and were effectively genotyped within 100-F2:3 derived mapping population. The developed linkage map covered a total of 2,630.49 cM genetic length with averaged 11.90 cM, and depicted a valid marker-trait association. In total, 6 QTLs (qFPL4.1, qFPW4.1, qFPD2.1, qFPD2.2, qFPD8.1, qFPD10.1) were mapped with five major effects and one minor effect between the whole genome adjacent markers positioned over distinct chromosomes (02, 04, 08, 10), based on the ICIM-ADD mapping approach. These significant QTLs were similarly mapped in delimited flanking regions of 675.10, 751.38, 859.24, 948.39, and 947.51 kb, which collectively explained 8.64-13.60% PVE, respectively. A highly significant and positive correlation was found among the observed variables. To our knowledge, we first time reported the mapped QTLs/genes affecting FP traits of watermelon, and our illustrated outcomes will deliver the potential insights for fine genetic mapping as well as functional gene analysis through MAS-based breeding approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikandar Amanullah
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Benjamin Agyei Osae
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Shenglong Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Shusen Liu
- Shouguang Sanmu Seed & Seedling Co., Ltd., Shouguang, China
| | - Zhengfeng Song
- Shouguang Sanmu Seed & Seedling Co., Ltd., Shouguang, China
| | - Xuezheng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Feishi Luan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
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Latief M, Hassan Z, Shafi O, Abbas F, Farooq S. Paint-thinner-induced Acute Kidney Injury: A Case Series and Review. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2022; 33:487-491. [PMID: 37843148 DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.385970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Occupational health hazards contribute significantly to the morbidity and mortality of workers in factories. Toluene has become a widely abused inhaled volatile drug. The spectrum of toluene-induced renal injury includes rhabdomyolysis, myoglobinemia, distal renal tubular acidosis (RTA), acute tubular necrosis, glomerulonephritis, and interstitial nephritis. We describe two patients with paint-thinner-induced kidney injury who were affected through different routes of exposure and recovered well, with one requiring dialysis support; the second patient, who had developed Type 1 distal RTA and mild kidney injury, was managed with conservative measures. Toluene can cause acute neurological symptoms, accompanied by severe metabolic alterations, as well as organ injury and dysfunction. A common association of the development of hypokalemic paralysis and metabolic acidosis with toluene intoxication was observed. Liver injury and rhabdomyolysis are also common. Vomiting, dehydration, tubular injury, and rhabdomyolysis are all possible additional causes of acute renal failure in toluene intoxication. Type 1 distal RTA, which is characterized by an inability to lower urine pH despite acidemia, results in hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with hypokalemia. The management of acute toluene toxicity is largely conservative, consisting of correcting the electrolytes and the acid-base balance, fluid alterations, and renal replacement therapy in severe acute kidney injury. A clinical suspicion of organ failure and prompt supportive care leads to encouraging results. Adequate protective steps for workplaces involved in the use of such substances in confined spaces include prior risk assessment, using low-toxicity chemical products, ensuring adequate ventilation, safety training, and using appropriate personal protective equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Latief
- Division of Nephrology Superspeciality Hospital, Government Medical College, Srinagar, India
| | - Zhahid Hassan
- Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Srinagar, India
| | - Obeid Shafi
- Flushing Hospital Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Division of Pathology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Summyia Farooq
- Division of Pathology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
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Imran M, Liu Y, Shafiq S, Abbas F, Ilahi S, Rehman N, Ahmar S, Fiaz S, Baran N, Pan S, Mo Z, Tang X. Transcriptional cascades in the regulation of 2-AP biosynthesis under Zn supply in fragrant rice. Physiol Plant 2022; 174:e13721. [PMID: 35598224 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression to control certain genetic programs, such as growth and development, phytohormone regulation, and environmental stresses. 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) is the key element involved in aroma biosynthesis pathway, and the application of micronutrients can increase the 2-AP levels. However, little is known about the micronutrient-induced TFs involved in 2-AP biosynthesis. Here, we identify a number of TF families in two fragrant rice varieties, "Meixiangzhan-2" (M) and "Xiangyaxiangzhan" (X), in response to Zinc (Zn) application through transcriptomic analysis. A total of ~678 TFs were identified and grouped into 26 TF families, each of which was found to be involved in numerous signaling pathways. The WRKY TF family was found to be the most abundant, followed by bHLH and MYB. Furthermore, members of the WRKY, bHLH, MYB, ERF, HSF, MADS-box, NFY, and AP2 TF families were significantly upregulated and may be involved in the transcriptional regulation of aroma biosynthesis. In brief, this study enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanism of 2-AP biosynthesis and highlights the key TFs potentially involved in the production of aroma in fragrant rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sarfraz Shafiq
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops-South China, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sara Ilahi
- Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Naveed Rehman
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sunny Ahmar
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nurettin Baran
- Bitkisel Uretim ve Teknolojileri Bolumu, Uygulamali Bilimler Faku Itesi, Mus Alparslan Universitesi, Mus, Turkey
| | - Shenggang Pan
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaowen Mo
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangru Tang
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Kanu AS, Ashraf U, Mansaray LR, Abbas F, Fiaz S, Amanullah S, Charley CS, Tang X. Exogenous Methyl Jasmonate Application Improved Physio-Biochemical Attributes, Yield, Quality, and Cadmium Tolerance in Fragrant Rice. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:849477. [PMID: 35548286 PMCID: PMC9083355 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.849477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has detrimental effects on crop plants, whereas, jasmonates (JAs) play a vital role in abiotic stress tolerance in plants. The present study investigated the effects of exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJa) on the physio-biochemical attributes, yield, and quality of two fragrant rice cultivars, i.e., Xiangyaxiangzhan and Meixiangzhan-2 under Cd stress. The experiment was comprised of four treatments, i.e., CK, control (normal conditions); Cd: 100 mg Cd kg-1 of soil; MeJa: exogenous application of MeJa at 20 mM; and Cd + MeJa: 100 mg Cd kg-1 of soil + exogenous MeJa application at 20 mM. Results depicted that Cd toxicity resulted in a substantial reduction of enzymatic activities and non-enzymatic antioxidants, chlorophyll contents, while enhanced oxidative damage in the terms of lipid peroxidation (higher malondialdehyde (MDA) contents), H2O2, and electrolyte leakage. Proline contents were found higher whereas protein and soluble sugars were lower under Cd stress as compared with Ck and Cd + MeJa. Exogenous MeJa application further improved the panicles per pot, spikelets per panicle, seed setting (%), 1,000 grain weight, and yield per pot under Cd stress conditions as compared with non-MeJa applied plant under Cd stress. In addition, exogenous MeJa application enhanced the accumulation of macro (N, P, K, Mg, and Ca) and micronutrients (Mn, Zn, Fe, and Cr) in both cultivars under Cd stress, while reduced the Cd contents in different plant parts. Overall, the contents of Cd in different plant organs were recorded as: root > stem > leaves > grains for all treatments. Comparing both cultivars, the grain Cd contents were higher in Meixiangzhan 2 than Xiangyaxianzhan under Cd contaminated conditions. Conclusively, Cd toxicity impaired growth in rice by affecting physio-biochemical attributes, however, Xiangyaxiangzhan performed better than Meixiangzhan-2 cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Sheka Kanu
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI)-Rokupr Agricultural Research Centre (RARC), Freetown, Sierra Leone
- Agro-Geo Services (SL) Limited, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Lamin R. Mansaray
- Agro-Geo Services (SL) Limited, Freetown, Sierra Leone
- Institute of Geography and Development Studies, School of Environmental Sciences, N’jala University, Njala, Sierra Leone
| | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Sikandar Amanullah
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Christen Shaka Charley
- Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (SLARI)-Rokupr Agricultural Research Centre (RARC), Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Xiangru Tang
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Abbas F, Beigh A, Khuroo M, Farooq S, Khuroo N, Tazeen S. HISTOPATHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF GASTROINTESTINAL NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL. IJMMR 2022. [DOI: 10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2021.2.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Recently there has been a lot of discussion about the terminology and classification of neuroendocrine tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. The WHO has recommended a change of terminology and classification of these tumours. In 2019 a significant update was done in the WHO classification of neuroendocrine tumours of GIT in which neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are all considered high-grade tumours. Previously, grade 1 and 2 tumours were regarded as neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) and grade 3 neoplasms as NECs. The new classification avoids confusion between these two clinically and molecularly distinct notions.
Objective. The aim of the research was to study GI neuroendocrine neoplasms and classify them as per location and Histopathological classification of GI neuroendocrine neoplasms according to the recent WHO classification. To use IHC whenever and wherever required for categorization of GI NET’s.
Methods. Over a period of 15 years, a total of 85 cases of neuroendocrine neoplasms of GIT were studied. The histopathological material of patients was reviewed and histopathological diagnosis confirmed. Paraffin embedded tissue blocks were used to study and review the material. Sections from tissue blocks were stained. Five-micron sections were cut and stained. The sections were stained using DAKO LSAB-2® system HRP glass slides coated with 0.5% poly-lysine.
Results. Out of 85 cases 40 involved male and 45 female patients. The mean age was 46.4 years; age range 9-85 years. In our study, appendix 24 (28.23%) and stomach 11 (12.95%) were the commonest sites of primary involvement followed by colon (10), ileum (10), duodenum (5), GE junction (5), jejunum (3), oesophagus (2), rectum (2) and gall bladder (1). Metastasis to the liver were observed in 12 patients with known and unknown primary diagnosis. Based on the latest WHO classification 5 patients were classified under NECs and the rest under NETs.
Conclusions. Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are uncommon malignancies of GIT. Appendix followed by stomach was the most common anatomical site. NET Grade 1 was the most common histological type. IHC markers NSE, Synaptophysin and Chromogranin can be used in diagnosis of NETs.
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Amanullah S, Osae BA, Yang T, Abbas F, Liu S, Liu H, Wang X, Gao P, Luan F. Mapping of genetic loci controlling fruit linked morphological traits of melon using developed CAPS markers. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5459-5472. [PMID: 35235158 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit morphology traits are important commercial traits that directly affect the market value. However, studying the genetic basis of these traits in un-explored botanical groups is a fundamental objective for crop genetic improvement through marker-assisted breeding. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, a quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping strategy was used for dissecting the genomic regions of fruit linked morphological traits by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) based cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence (CAPS) molecular markers. Next-generation sequencing was done for the genomic sequencing of two contrasted melon lines (climacteric and non-climacteric), which revealed 97% and 96% of average coverage over the reference melon genome database, respectively. A total of 57.51% non-synonymous SNPs and 42.49% synonymous SNPs were found, which produced 149 sets of codominant markers with a 24% polymorphism rate. Total 138-F2 derived plant populations were genotyped for linkage mapping and composite interval mapping based QTL mapping exposed 6 genetic loci, positioned over distinct chromosomes (02, 04, 08, 09, and 12) between the flanking intervals of CAPS markers, which explained an unlinked polygenic architecture in genome. Three minor QTLs of fruit weight (FWt2.1, FWt4.1, FWt9.1), one major QTL of fruit firmness (FrFir8.1), one major QTL of fruit length (FL12.1), and one major QTL of fruit shape (FS12.1) were determined and collectively explained the phenotypic variance from 5.64 to 15.64%. Fruit phenotypic correlation exhibited the significant relationship and principal component analysis also identified the potential variability. Multiple sequence alignments also indicated the significant base-mutations in the detected genetic loci, respectively. CONCLUSION In short, our illustrated genetic loci are expected to provide the reference insights for fine QTL mapping and candidate gene(s) mining through molecular genetic breeding approaches aimed at developing the new varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikandar Amanullah
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Benjamin Agyei Osae
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering & Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezheng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feishi Luan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou Y, Yin M, Abbas F, Sun Y, Gao T, Yan F, Li X, Yu Y, Yue Y, Yu R, Fan Y. Classification and Association Analysis of Gerbera ( Gerbera hybrida) Flower Color Traits. Front Plant Sci 2022; 12:779288. [PMID: 35145530 PMCID: PMC8824200 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.779288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Floral color plays a crucial role in plant life such as plant-pollinator interactions and modifying the abiotic environment of reproductive structures. In the current study, 123 gerbera accessions were divided into six color groups (white, yellow, orange, pink, red, and purple), based on Royal Horticultural Society Color Chart calibration and colorimeter measurement. Partial least squares discriminant analysis showed that the white group was mainly affected by L* value, a* value, C value, and total anthocyanin contents, while the yellow group was positively correlated with L* value, b* value, and total anthocyanin contents. Similarly, the orange group was mainly affected by b* value and total carotenoid contents, whereas the pink group was positively correlated with L* and h values. Furthermore, the red group was affected by L* value, a* value, C value, and total anthocyanin contents, whilst the purple group was mainly distributed by L* value, a* value, b* value, and total anthocyanin contents. Based on 'Jin Xiang' transcriptome data, 14,106 expressed sequence tag (EST)-SSR markers were identified and 48 pairs of primers (19 newly developed primers) were screened. Population genetic structure, neighbor-joining clustering, and principal coordinate analysis showed that 123 gerbera accessions could be divided into two groups. EST-SSR-based association analysis showed that 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 2, and 1 significant loci were related to L*, a*, b*, C, and h, total carotenoid, and total anthocyanin contents, respectively. These results provide an important reference for flower color classification and genetic improvement of gerbera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhou
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mao Yin
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Sun
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Gao
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fulong Yan
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunyi Yu
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuechong Yue
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rangcai Yu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Fan
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Abbas F, Shafi O, Latief M, Hassan Z, Farooq S. Familial hypokalemic periodic paralysis: A case series and review. Med J DY Patil Vidyapeeth 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_417_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abbas F, Latief M, Shafi O, Hassan Z, Farooq S. Uric acid level and its correlation with glycemic control in diabetics with normal renal function. Med J DY Patil Vidyapeeth 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_585_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Latief M, Shafi O, Hassan Z, Abbas F, Farooq S. Levamisole in steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome in children: A case series. Med J DY Patil Vidyapeeth 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_211_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Latief M, Abbas F, Iqbal M, Hassan Z, Goud LN, Shafi O. Remdesivir in renal transplant patients with coronavirus disease 2019: An observational study. Indian J Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/ijot.ijot_54_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Bilal M, Abbas F, Atique U, Rehman MHU, Inayat M, Zohaib M, Saleem M, Fatima S, Sherazi SWSM, Tehreem A, Ali A, Sanwal MU, Abdullah M, Ullah M, Mubeen N. Lernaeid parasites prevalence in commercial freshwater fish species at various fish farms in Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e253868. [PMID: 34909920 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.253868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reports abound on Lernaea parasitizing the brood stock, fingerlings, and marketable-sized culturable freshwater fish species in various parts of the world. We investigated seven small-scale aquaculture farms and how the prevailing Lernaea is impacting them. Randomly seven fish farms were selected to determine the prevalence percentage of lernaeid ectoparasites. Relevant information of the fishponds to estimate the various aspects such as effects of water source and quality, feed, stocking density, treatment used, and weight and length of fish, concerned with Lernaea infestation and prevalence was gathered. The results indicated that Catla catla (F. Hamilton, 1822) showed highest prevalence (41.7%) among the seven fish species, whereas Oreochromis niloticus showed zero. Other five fish species Ctenopharyngodon idella, Cirrhinus cirrhosis, Cyprinus carpio, Labeo rohita and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix showed 13.2%, 8.1%, 7.7%, 7.4%, 0.9% prevalence, respectively. In Royal Fish Farm 84.3% lernaeid infestation was observed, while no parasite was observed in the Vicent's Chunnian fish farm. The water source, quality, feed, fertilizers, stocking density, water temperature, and potential treatment options displayed varying tendencies among fish farms and prevalence. Depending on the weight and length, the highest prevalence (56.7%, and 66.7%) was observed in 3501-4000 g and 81-90 cm groups. The infestation rate varied in various fish body parts with the dorsal fin the most vulnerable organ and showed 2.3% overall prevalence (while 18.4% contribution within total 12.6% infestation). Out of 147 infected fish samples, 45 were extensively contaminated by Lernaea spread. In conclusion, our findings confirm that Lernaea could pose a considerable threat to marketable fish, and various treatment options should be educated to the farmers to help mitigate the spread and potential losses. Furthermore, Catla catla is more vulnerable to Lernaea infestation (41.7%), so are the fish species being cultured at higher stocking densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bilal
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan.,University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F Abbas
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - U Atique
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan.,Chungnam National University, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - M Hafeez-Ur Rehman
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Inayat
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Zohaib
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan.,University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus, Department of Zoology, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - M Saleem
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Fatima
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan.,University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S W S M Sherazi
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Tehreem
- University of Agriculture, Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu Institute of Biology, China
| | - M U Sanwal
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Abdullah
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Ullah
- Islamia College, Zoology Department, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - N Mubeen
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences - UVAS, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
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Abbas F, Latief M. Levothyroxine-Induced Pseudotumor Cereberi. Neurol India 2021; 69:1389-1390. [PMID: 34747819 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.329602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Rise in intracranial tension (ICT) has varied clinical presentation which can range from subtle disturbances like headache to frank neurologic impairment. An important aspect is rapidity of rise of ICT. Pseudotumor cerebri is associated with many syndromes, toxication, and drugs. Our case is a unique one given the rarity of eltroxin, which is otherwise relatively safe drug and commonly used in this part of the world, induced Pseudotumor cerebri. Our patient had dramatic response to discontinuation of levothyroxine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Abbas
- Department of Pathology, GMC, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Muzamil Latief
- Nephrology Division GMC, Secunderabad, Telanagana, India
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Kanwal S, Rehman MHU, Hussain A, Nadeem M, Abbas F, Akram M, Inayat M, Sughra F, Ali K. Development of chitosan based microencapsulated spray dried powder of tuna fish oil: oil load impact and oxidative stability. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e254010. [PMID: 34730703 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.254010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of fish oil concentration on the oxidative stability of microcapsules through the spray drying process using chitosan and maltodextrin as wall material was studied. Emulsions were prepared with different Tuna fish oil (TFO) content (TFO-10%, TFO20%, TF030% TF0-40%) while wall material concentration was kept constant. Microencapsulated powder resulting from emulsion prepared with high fish oil load have high moisture content, wettability, total oil and low encapsulation efficiency, hygroscopicity and bulk tapped density. Oxidative stability was evaluated periodically by placing microcapsules at room temperature. Microcapsules prepared with TFO-10% presented high oxidative stability in terms of peroxide value (2.94±0.04) and anisidine value (1.54±0.02) after 30 days of storage. It was concluded that optimal amounts of fish oil for microencapsulation are 10% and 20% using chitosan and maltodextrin that extended its shelf life during study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kanwal
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Hafeez-Ur Rehman
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Hussain
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Nadeem
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Dairy Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F Abbas
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Akram
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Inayat
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F Sughra
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - K Ali
- University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Wildlife & Ecology, Lahore, Pakistan
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Latief M, Ahmed Para R, Shafi O, Hassan Z, Farooq S, Abbas F. Incidence and Risk Factors of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Hospitalized with Pneumonia: A Prospective Observational Study. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2021; 35:150. [PMID: 35321362 PMCID: PMC8840859 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.35.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Latief
- Department of Nephrology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Reyaz Ahmed Para
- Department of Emergency Medicine, SKIMS, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Obeid Shafi
- Flushing Hospital Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Zhahid Hassan
- Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Baramula, Kashmir, India
| | - Summyia Farooq
- Pathology Division, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Pathology Division, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
- Corresponding author: Dr Farhat Abbas,
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Abbas F, Nian X, Zhou Y, Ke Y, Liu L, Yu R, Fan Y. Putative regulatory role of hexokinase and fructokinase in terpenoid aroma biosynthesis in Lilium 'Siberia'. Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 167:619-629. [PMID: 34479030 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Lily is one of the most economically important flowers worldwide due to its elegant appearance and appealing scent, which is mainly composed of monoterpene ocimene, linalool and benzenoids. Sugars are the primary products of plants, with fructose and hexose sugars being the substrate material for most organic compounds and metabolic pathways in plants. Herein, we isolated and functionally characterized hexokinase (LoHXK) and fructokinase (LoFRK) from Lilium 'Siberia' flower, which indicated their potential roles in floral aroma production. Real-time PCR analysis showed that LoHXK and LoFRK were highly expressed in the flower filament. Overexpression and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assays revealed that LoHXK and LoFRK significantly modified the emission of β-ocimene and linalool contents via regulation of expression of key structural volatile synthesis genes (LoTPS1 and LoTPS3). Under exogenous glucose and fructose application, the volatile contents of β-ocimene and linalool were increased and the expression levels of key structural genes were upregulated. The emission of β-ocimene and linalool followed a diurnal circadian rhythm. Determination of carbon fluxes via 13C-labeled glucose and 13C-labeled fructose experiments showed that the mass spectra of ocimene and linalool significantly increased, however, the m/z ratio of ethyl benzoate did not change. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays showed that LoFRK interacted with LoMYB1 and LoMYB2 proteins. Together, these results suggest that hexokinase and fructokinase may play significant roles in the regulation of ocimene and linalool biosynthesis in Lilium 'Siberia'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Abbas
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xinxin Nian
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yanguo Ke
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Liang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rangcai Yu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Yanping Fan
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Abbas F, Ke Y, Zhou Y, Yu R, Imran M, Amanullah S, Rothenberg DO, Wang Q, Wang L, Fan Y. Functional Characterization of Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig MYB132 Confers the Potential Role in Floral Aroma Synthesis. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:2014. [PMID: 34685822 PMCID: PMC8541032 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs) play several key roles in numerous plant biological processes. Hedychium coronarium is an important ornamental plant well-known for its elegant flower shape and abundant aroma type. The floral aroma of H. coronarium is due to the presence of a large amount of terpenes and benzenoids. However, less is known about the role of R2R3-MYB TFs in the regulatory mechanism of floral aroma production in this breed. Herein, we isolate and functionally characterize the R2R3-MYB TF HcMYB132, which is potentially involved in regulating floral aroma synthesis. Sequence alignment analysis revealed that it includes a nuclear localization signal NLS(s) and a 2R, 3R motif signature in the sequences. A subcellular localization assay revealed that HcMYB132 protein localizes to the nucleus. Real-time qPCR assays showed that HcMYB132 is specifically expressed in flowers and its expression pattern correlates with the emission of floral volatile compounds. In HcMYB132-silenced flowers, the levels of floral volatile compounds were significantly reduced, and the expression of key structural volatile synthesis genes was downregulated compared to control. Collectively, these results suggest that HcMYB132 might play a significant role in the regulation of terpenoid biosynthesis in H. coronarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Abbas
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Yanguo Ke
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (L.W.)
- College of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Rangcai Yu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Sikandar Amanullah
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China;
| | | | - Qin Wang
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Lan Wang
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Yanping Fan
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.A.); (Y.K.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (L.W.)
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Sughra F, Rahman MHU, Abbas F, Altaf I. Evaluation of three alum-precipitated Aeromonas hydrophila vaccines administered to Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala and Ctenopharyngodon idella: immunokinetics, immersion challenge and histopathology. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e249913. [PMID: 34550293 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.249913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aeromonas hydrophila is a cause of infectious disease outbreaks in carp species cultured in South Asian countries including Pakistan. This bacterium has gained resistance to a wide range of antibiotics and robust preventive measures are necessary to control its spread. No prior use of fish vaccines has been reported in Pakistan. The present study aims to develop and evaluate inactivated vaccines against local strain of A. hydrophila in Pakistan with alum-precipitate as adjuvant. The immunogenic potential of vaccine was evaluated in two Indian major carps (Rohu: Labeo rohita, Mori: Cirrhinus mrigala) and a Chinese carp (Grass carp: Ctenopharyngodon idella). Fish were vaccinated intraperitoneally followed by a challenge through immersion. Fish with an average age of 4-5 months were randomly distributed in three vaccinated groups with three vaccine concentrations of 108, 109 and 1010 colony forming unit (CFU)/ml and a control group. Fixed dose of 0.1ml was applied to each fish on 1st day and a booster dose at 15 days post-vaccination (DPV). Blood samples were collected on 14, 28, 35, 48 and 60 DPV to determine antibody titers in blood serum using compliment fixation test (CFT). Fish were challenged at 60 DPV with infectious A. hydrophila with 108 CFU/ml through immersion. Significantly higher levels of antibody titers were observed from 28 DPV in all vaccinated groups as compared to those in the control group. In challenge experiment the average RPS (relative percent survivability) was 71% for groups vaccinated with 109 and 1010 CFU/ml and 86% for 108 CFU/ml. Vaccine with 108 CFU/ml induced highest immune response followed by 109 and 1010 CFU/ml. The immune response of L. rohita and C. idella was better than that of C. mrigala. In general, normal histopathology was observed in different organs of vaccinated fish whereas minor deteriorative changes were found in fish vaccinated with higher concentrations of the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sughra
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Hafeez-Ur Rahman
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - F Abbas
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - I Altaf
- University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Quality Operations Laboratory, Lahore, Pakistan
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Zhou Y, Abbas F, Wang Z, Yu Y, Yue Y, Li X, Yu R, Fan Y. HS-SPME-GC-MS and Electronic Nose Reveal Differences in the Volatile Profiles of Hedychium Flowers. Molecules 2021; 26:5425. [PMID: 34500858 PMCID: PMC8433901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Floral fragrance is one of the most important characteristics of ornamental plants and plays a pivotal role in plant lifespan such as pollinator attraction, pest repelling, and protection against abiotic and biotic stresses. However, the precise determination of floral fragrance is limited. In the present study, the floral volatile compounds of six Hedychium accessions exhibiting from faint to highly fragrant were comparatively analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Electronic nose (E-nose). A total of 42 volatile compounds were identified through GC-MS analysis, including monoterpenoids (18 compounds), sesquiterpenoids (12), benzenoids/phenylpropanoids (8), fatty acid derivatives (2), and others (2). In Hedychium coronarium 'ZS', H. forrestii 'Gaoling', H. 'Jin', H. 'Caixia', and H. 'Zhaoxia', monoterpenoids were abundant, while sesquiterpenoids were found in large quantities in H. coccineum 'KMH'. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) divided the 42 volatile compounds into four different groups (I, II, III, IV), and Spearman correlation analysis showed these compounds to have different degrees of correlation. The E-nose was able to group the different accessions in the principal component analysis (PCA) corresponding to scent intensity. Furthermore, the pattern-recognition findings confirmed that the E-nose data validated the GC-MS results. The partial least squares (PLS) analysis between floral volatile compounds and sensors suggested that specific sensors were highly sensitive to terpenoids. In short, the E-nose is proficient in discriminating Hedychium accessions of different volatile profiles in both quantitative and qualitative aspects, offering an accurate and rapid reference technique for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zhou
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (F.A.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Farhat Abbas
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (F.A.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Zhidong Wang
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (F.A.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Yunyi Yu
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (F.A.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Yuechong Yue
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (F.A.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinyue Li
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (F.A.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Rangcai Yu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Yanping Fan
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (F.A.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.)
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Abbas F, Ke Y, Zhou Y, Yu Y, Waseem M, Ashraf U, Li X, Yu R, Fan Y. Genome-wide analysis of ARF transcription factors reveals HcARF5 expression profile associated with the biosynthesis of β-ocimene synthase in Hedychium coronarium. Plant Cell Rep 2021. [PMID: 34052884 DOI: 10.1007/s00299021-02709-2701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, 37 ARF genes were identified and analyzed in Hedychium coronarium and HcARF5 showed a potential role in the regulation of HcTPS3. Auxin is an important plant hormone, implicated in various aspects of plant growth and development processes especially in the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites. Auxin response factors (ARF) belong to the transcription factors (TFs) gene family and play a crucial role in transcriptional activation/repression of auxin-responsive genes by directly binding to their promoter region. Nevertheless, whether ARF genes are involved in the regulatory mechanism of volatile compounds in flowering plants is largely unknown. β-ocimene is a key floral volatile compound synthesized by terpene synthase 3 (HcTPS3) in Hedychium coronarium. A comprehensive analysis of H. coronarium genome reveals 37 candidate ARF genes in the whole genome. Tissue-specific expression patterns of HcARFs family members were assessed using available transcriptome data. Among them, HcARF5 showed a higher expression level in flowers, and significantly correlated with the key structural β-ocimene synthesis gene (HcTPS3). Furthermore, transcript levels of both genes were associated with the flower development. Under hormone treatments, the response of HcARF5 and HcTPS3, and the emission level of β-ocimene contents were evaluated. Subcellular and transcriptional activity assay showed that HcARF5 localizes to the nucleus and possesses transcriptional activity. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase assays revealed that HcARF5 directly regulates the transcriptional activity of HcTPS3. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays showed that HcARF5 interacts with scent-related HcIAA4, HcIAA6, and HcMYB1 in vivo. Overall, these results indicate that HcARF5 is potentially involved in the regulation of β-ocimene synthesis in H. coronarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Abbas
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yanguo Ke
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yunyi Yu
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54770, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Xinyue Li
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rangcai Yu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yanping Fan
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Abbas F, Ke Y, Zhou Y, Yu Y, Waseem M, Ashraf U, Li X, Yu R, Fan Y. Genome-wide analysis of ARF transcription factors reveals HcARF5 expression profile associated with the biosynthesis of β-ocimene synthase in Hedychium coronarium. Plant Cell Rep 2021; 40:1269-1284. [PMID: 34052884 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02709-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Herein, 37 ARF genes were identified and analyzed in Hedychium coronarium and HcARF5 showed a potential role in the regulation of HcTPS3. Auxin is an important plant hormone, implicated in various aspects of plant growth and development processes especially in the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites. Auxin response factors (ARF) belong to the transcription factors (TFs) gene family and play a crucial role in transcriptional activation/repression of auxin-responsive genes by directly binding to their promoter region. Nevertheless, whether ARF genes are involved in the regulatory mechanism of volatile compounds in flowering plants is largely unknown. β-ocimene is a key floral volatile compound synthesized by terpene synthase 3 (HcTPS3) in Hedychium coronarium. A comprehensive analysis of H. coronarium genome reveals 37 candidate ARF genes in the whole genome. Tissue-specific expression patterns of HcARFs family members were assessed using available transcriptome data. Among them, HcARF5 showed a higher expression level in flowers, and significantly correlated with the key structural β-ocimene synthesis gene (HcTPS3). Furthermore, transcript levels of both genes were associated with the flower development. Under hormone treatments, the response of HcARF5 and HcTPS3, and the emission level of β-ocimene contents were evaluated. Subcellular and transcriptional activity assay showed that HcARF5 localizes to the nucleus and possesses transcriptional activity. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase assays revealed that HcARF5 directly regulates the transcriptional activity of HcTPS3. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays showed that HcARF5 interacts with scent-related HcIAA4, HcIAA6, and HcMYB1 in vivo. Overall, these results indicate that HcARF5 is potentially involved in the regulation of β-ocimene synthesis in H. coronarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Abbas
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yanguo Ke
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- College of Economics and Management, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Yiwei Zhou
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yunyi Yu
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54770, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Xinyue Li
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Rangcai Yu
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yanping Fan
- The Research Center for Ornamental Plants, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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