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Zhang L, Wang P, Xie G, Wang W. Assessing the Potential Distribution of Pseudoechthistatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in China Under Climate Change Using Species Distribution Models. Ecol Evol 2025; 15:e71303. [PMID: 40230865 PMCID: PMC11995185 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.71303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2025] [Accepted: 04/04/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Climate change will lead to changes in biological ecosystems, which may affect the geographic distribution of Pseudoechthistatus and thus alter the extent and spatial pattern of its habitat. Pseudoechthistatus plays an important role in biodiversity and has significant ecological value. This study utilized an optimized MaxEnt model to predict the predicted distribution of Pseudoechthistatus in China for the current and future (2050s and 2070s). The results show that the MaxEnt model has high prediction accuracy with AUC values higher than 0.97 for both training and testing. The most influential factors contributing to the distribution of Pseudoechthistatus were temperature seasonality (Bio4) and isothermality (Bio3), accounting for 38.8% and 28.2%, respectively. Furthermore, southern China remains a region of high suitability for Pseudoechthistatus species diversity. However, the Beijing climate center climate system model (BCC-CSM2-MR) predicts a decrease in suitable areas for Pseudoechthistatus, while the model for interdisciplinary research on climate (MIROC6) predicts an increase in medium and low suitable areas for Pseudoechthistatus. Additionally, future climate change will significantly alter its distribution pattern, with Pseudoechthistatus predicted to decrease its suitable area by 6.64%-28.01% under the BCC-CSM2-MR model and increase its suitable area by 6.14%-18.61% under the MIROC6 model. The results show that the MaxEnt model can improve the understanding of the geographical distribution of Pseudoechthistatus in the context of climate change and provide a scientific basis for the identification of potentially suitable habitats and the development of stable suitable areas for conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Entomology, College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouPeople's Republic of China
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co‐Construction by Ministry and Province), College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Guang‐Lin Xie
- Institute of Entomology, College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouPeople's Republic of China
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co‐Construction by Ministry and Province), College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wen‐Kai Wang
- Institute of Entomology, College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouPeople's Republic of China
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co‐Construction by Ministry and Province), College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouPeople's Republic of China
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Korkmaz Y, Bełka M, Blumenstein K. How cryptic animal vectors of fungi can influence forest health in a changing climate and how to anticipate them. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2025; 109:65. [PMID: 40088282 PMCID: PMC11910412 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-025-13450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2025] [Revised: 02/26/2025] [Accepted: 03/05/2025] [Indexed: 03/17/2025]
Abstract
Fungal spores are usually dispersed by wind, water, and animal vectors. Climate change is accelerating the spread of pathogens to new regions. While well-studied vectors like bark beetles and moths contribute to pathogen transmission, other, less-recognized animal species play a crucial role at different scales. Small-scale dispersers, such as mites, rodents, squirrels, and woodpeckers, facilitate fungal spread within trees or entire forest regions. On a larger scale, birds contribute significantly to long-distance fungal dispersal, potentially aiding the establishment of invasive species across continents. These vectors remain underexplored and are often overlooked in fungal disease studies and are therefore called cryptic vectors. Understanding the full range of dispersal mechanisms is critical as climate change drive shifts in species distributions and increases vector activity. Expanding monitoring and detection tools to include these hidden carriers will improve our ability to track the distribution of fungal pathogens. Integrating targeted research, innovative technologies, and collaborative efforts across disciplines and borders is essential for enhancing disease management and mitigating fungal disease's ecological and economic impacts. KEY POINTS: • Cryptic animal vectors play a critical role in fungal spore dispersal across forests and continents. • Climate change accelerates fungal pathogen spread by altering species distributions, increasing vector activity, and facilitating long-distance dispersal. • Innovative monitoring tools, like eDNA sampling and predictive modelling, are essential to uncover cryptic vector contributions and mitigate fungal disease impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Korkmaz
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Chair of Pathology of Trees, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marta Bełka
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Forest Entomology and Pathology Department, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kathrin Blumenstein
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Chair of Pathology of Trees, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Zhang L, Wang P, Xie G, Wang W. Using ecological niches to determine potential habitat suitability for Psacothea hilaris (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and its natural enemies in China under future climates. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 117:2525-2544. [PMID: 39520700 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Climate change impacts the distribution of pests and its natural enemies, prompting this study to investigate the dynamics and shifts in distribution under current and future climate conditions. The spatial pattern of Psacothea hilaris (Pascoe) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in China was analyzed, and the MaxEnt model was optimized to predict the potential geographic distribution of P. hilaris and its two natural enemies (Dastarcus helophoroides (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Bothrideridae) and Dendrocopos major (Linnaeus) (Piciformes: Picidae)) in China, to further analyze the key environmental factors affecting the survival of P. hilaris and its natural enemies, and to determine the potential of using D. helophoroides and D. major as natural enemies to control P. hilaris. The results showed that the suitable ranges of P. hilaris and natural enemies are expanding under the influence of climate change, and both have migrated to higher latitudes. The potential ranges of D. helophoroides, D. major, and P. hilaris are highly similar. It is noteworthy that the potential range of D. helophoroides completely covers the potential range of P. hilaris. This indicates that D. helophoroides and D. major can be employed as biological control agents to manage P. hilaris populations. This study provides a theoretical framework and empirical evidence for the development of early warning and green control strategies for P. hilaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Guanglin Xie
- Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wenkai Wang
- Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Xiao K, Ling L, Deng R, Huang B, Cao Y, Wu Q, Ning H, Chen H. Projecting the Potential Global Distribution of Sweetgum Inscriber, Acanthotomicus suncei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Concerning the Host Liquidambar styraciflua Under Climate Change Scenarios. INSECTS 2024; 15:897. [PMID: 39590496 PMCID: PMC11594590 DOI: 10.3390/insects15110897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/12/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024]
Abstract
Acanthotomicus suncei is a newly discovered bark beetle in China that significantly threatens the American sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua. In recent years, this pest has spread from its original habitat to many surrounding cities, causing substantial economic and ecological losses. Considering the wide global distribution of its host, Liquidambar styraciflua, this pest is likely to continue to spread and expand. Once the pest colonizes a new climatically suitable area, the consequences could be severe. Therefore, we employed the CLIMEX and Random Forests model to predict the potential suitable distribution of A. suncei globally. The results showed that A. suncei was mainly distributed in Southern China, in South Hokkaido in Japan, Southern USA, the La Plata Plain in South America, southeastern Australia, and the northern Mediterranean; these areas are located in subtropical monsoon, monsoonal humid climates, or Mediterranean climate zones. Seasonal rainfall, especially in winter, is a key environmental factor that affects the suitable distribution of A. suncei. Under future climates, the total suitable area of A. suncei is projected to decrease to a certain extent. However, changes in its original habitat require serious attention. We found that A. suncei exhibited a spreading trend in Southwest, Central, and Northeast China. Suitable areas in some countries in Southeast and South Asia bordering China are also expected to show an increased distribution. The outward spread of this pest via sea transportation cannot be ignored. Hence, quarantine efforts should be concentrated in high-suitability regions determined in this study to protect against the occurrence of hosts that may contain A. suncei, thereby avoiding its long-distance spread. Long-term sentinel surveillance and control measures should be carried out as soon as A. suncei is detected, especially in regions with high suitability. Thus, our findings establish a theoretical foundation for quarantine and control measures targeting A. suncei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitong Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China; (K.X.); (R.D.); (B.H.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Lei Ling
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China;
| | - Ruixiong Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China; (K.X.); (R.D.); (B.H.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Beibei Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China; (K.X.); (R.D.); (B.H.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China; (K.X.); (R.D.); (B.H.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China; (K.X.); (R.D.); (B.H.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Hang Ning
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China; (K.X.); (R.D.); (B.H.); (Y.C.); (Q.W.)
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Wei J, Lu Y, Niu M, Cai B, Shi H, Ji W. Novel insights into hotspots of insect vectors of GLRaV-3: Dynamics and global distribution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 925:171664. [PMID: 38508278 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) is the most prevalent and economically damaging virus in grapevines and is found on nearly all continents, except Antarctica. Ten mealybugs act as vector insects transmitting the GLRaV-3. Understanding the potential distribution range of vector insects under climate change is crucial for preventing and managing vector insects and controlling and delaying the spread of GLRaV-3. This study investigated the potential geographical range of insect vectors of GLRaV-3 worldwide using MaxEnt (maximum entropy) based on occurrence data under environmental variables. The potential distributions of these insects were projected for the 2030s, 2050s, 2070s, and 2090s under the three climate change scenarios. The results showed that the potential distribution range of most vector insects is concentrated in Southeastern North America, Europe, Asia, and Southeast Australia. Most vector insects contract their potential distribution ranges under climate-change conditions. The stacked model suggested that potential distribution hotspots of vector insects were present in Southeastern North America, Europe, Southeast Asia, and Southeast Australia. The potential distribution range of hotspots would shrink with climate change. These results provide important information for governmental decision-makers and farmers in developing control and management strategies against vector insects of GLRaV-3. They can also serve as references for studies on other insect vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiufeng Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Yunyun Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Minmin Niu
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Bo Cai
- Post-Entry Quarantine Station for Tropical Plant, Haikou Customs District, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Huafeng Shi
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Yuncheng City, Yanhu 044000, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Yuncheng City, Yanhu 044000, China; College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China.
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De La Fuente L, Navas-Cortés JA, Landa BB. Ten Challenges to Understanding and Managing the Insect-Transmitted, Xylem-Limited Bacterial Pathogen Xylella fastidiosa. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:869-884. [PMID: 38557216 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-23-0476-kc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
An unprecedented plant health emergency in olives has been registered over the last decade in Italy, arguably more severe than what occurred repeatedly in grapes in the United States in the last 140 years. These emergencies are epidemics caused by a stealthy pathogen, the xylem-limited, insect-transmitted bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. Although these epidemics spurred research that answered many questions about the biology and management of this pathogen, many gaps in knowledge remain. For this review, we set out to represent both the U.S. and European perspectives on the most pressing challenges that need to be addressed. These are presented in 10 sections that we hope will stimulate discussion and interdisciplinary research. We reviewed intrinsic problems that arise from the fastidious growth of X. fastidiosa, the lack of specificity for insect transmission, and the economic and social importance of perennial mature woody plant hosts. Epidemiological models and predictions of pathogen establishment and disease expansion, vital for preparedness, are based on very limited data. Most of the current knowledge has been gathered from a few pathosystems, whereas several hundred remain to be studied, probably including those that will become the center of the next epidemic. Unfortunately, aspects of a particular pathosystem are not always transferable to others. We recommend diversification of research topics of both fundamental and applied nature addressing multiple pathosystems. Increasing preparedness through knowledge acquisition is the best strategy to anticipate and manage diseases caused by this pathogen, described as "the most dangerous plant bacterium known worldwide."
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo De La Fuente
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, U.S.A
| | - Juan A Navas-Cortés
- Department of Crop Protection. Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Blanca B Landa
- Department of Crop Protection. Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
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