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Haynes A, Tiedemann A, Hewton G, Chenery J, Sherrington C, Merom D, Gilchrist H. "It doesn't feel like exercise": a realist process evaluation of factors that support long-term attendance at dance classes designed for healthy ageing. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1284272. [PMID: 38192566 PMCID: PMC10773813 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1284272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dance can positively impact older people's health and wellbeing across cultures and socioeconomic groups, countering age-related physical, sensorimotor and cognitive decline. Background/objectives The RIPE (Really Is Possible for Everyone) Dance program aims to improve older people's physical, mental, cognitive and social wellbeing by integrating engaging dance sequences with evidence-based fall prevention exercises. We sought to identify what mechanisms support observed long-term participation in this program, including by people living with challenging health conditions. Methods Following a realist evaluation approach, we co-developed and tested program theories iteratively with participant interviewees (n = 20), dance teachers (n = 2) and via observation of a dance class. Initial data were dual-coded and emergent findings were interrogated by the research team. Findings were organised to express Program activities + Context + Mechanism = Process outcomes configurations. Results We identified four program theories comprising 14 mechanisms which explained long-term attendance: 1. RIPE Dance benefits my body and mind (trust in the program, belief in health benefits), 2. RIPE Dance helps me feel good about myself (self-efficacy, pride in achievement, psychological safety, defying expectations, feeling valued), 3. RIPE Dance creates camaraderie (social connection, mutual support, rapport with the teacher), and 4. RIPE Dance is uplifting (raised spirits, fun, synchrony, musical reactivity). Conclusion The RIPE Dance program provides effective and enjoyable 'exercise in disguise' for older people with diverse mobility profiles. Significance/implications This research confirms that participation in dance can contribute significantly to healthy, happy ageing. Findings detail program activities that were most strongly associated with process outcomes, offering guidance for further program development, implementation and scaling up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby Haynes
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Tiedemann
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gail Hewton
- Gold Moves Australia and RIPE Dance, Noosa, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Catherine Sherrington
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dafna Merom
- School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Heidi Gilchrist
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Wu C, Davaasuren D, Shafir T, Tsachor R, Wang JZ. Bodily expressed emotion understanding through integrating Laban movement analysis. PATTERNS (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 4:100816. [PMID: 37876902 PMCID: PMC10591137 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2023.100816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Bodily expressed emotion understanding (BEEU) aims to automatically recognize human emotional expressions from body movements. Psychological research has demonstrated that people often move using specific motor elements to convey emotions. This work takes three steps to integrate human motor elements to study BEEU. First, we introduce BoME (body motor elements), a highly precise dataset for human motor elements. Second, we apply baseline models to estimate these elements on BoME, showing that deep learning methods are capable of learning effective representations of human movement. Finally, we propose a dual-source solution to enhance the BEEU model with the BoME dataset, which trains with both motor element and emotion labels and simultaneously produces predictions for both. Through experiments on the BoLD in-the-wild emotion understanding benchmark, we showcase the significant benefit of our approach. These results may inspire further research utilizing human motor elements for emotion understanding and mental health analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyan Wu
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Area, College of Information Sciences and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Dolzodmaa Davaasuren
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Area, College of Information Sciences and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Tal Shafir
- The Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Rachelle Tsachor
- School of Theatre and Music, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - James Z. Wang
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Area, College of Information Sciences and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Human-Computer Interaction Area, College of Information Sciences and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Wang JZ, Zhao S, Wu C, Adams RB, Newman MG, Shafir T, Tsachor R. Unlocking the Emotional World of Visual Media: An Overview of the Science, Research, and Impact of Understanding Emotion: Drawing Insights From Psychology, Engineering, and the Arts, This Article Provides a Comprehensive Overview of the Field of Emotion Analysis in Visual Media and Discusses the Latest Research, Systems, Challenges, Ethical Implications, and Potential Impact of Artificial Emotional Intelligence on Society. PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE. INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS 2023; 111:1236-1286. [PMID: 37859667 PMCID: PMC10586271 DOI: 10.1109/jproc.2023.3273517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of artificial emotional intelligence technology is revolutionizing the fields of computers and robotics, allowing for a new level of communication and understanding of human behavior that was once thought impossible. While recent advancements in deep learning have transformed the field of computer vision, automated understanding of evoked or expressed emotions in visual media remains in its infancy. This foundering stems from the absence of a universally accepted definition of "emotion," coupled with the inherently subjective nature of emotions and their intricate nuances. In this article, we provide a comprehensive, multidisciplinary overview of the field of emotion analysis in visual media, drawing on insights from psychology, engineering, and the arts. We begin by exploring the psychological foundations of emotion and the computational principles that underpin the understanding of emotions from images and videos. We then review the latest research and systems within the field, accentuating the most promising approaches. We also discuss the current technological challenges and limitations of emotion analysis, underscoring the necessity for continued investigation and innovation. We contend that this represents a "Holy Grail" research problem in computing and delineate pivotal directions for future inquiry. Finally, we examine the ethical ramifications of emotion-understanding technologies and contemplate their potential societal impacts. Overall, this article endeavors to equip readers with a deeper understanding of the domain of emotion analysis in visual media and to inspire further research and development in this captivating and rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Z Wang
- College of Information Sciences and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Sicheng Zhao
- Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chenyan Wu
- College of Information Sciences and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Reginald B Adams
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Michelle G Newman
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - Tal Shafir
- Emily Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Rachelle Tsachor
- School of Theatre and Music, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607 USA
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Sheard R, Davidson A. Sustained practice of Qigong results in a somatic hermeneutic process, contributing to appreciation of life. An interpretative phenomenological analysis. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2023; 36:100-108. [PMID: 37949545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades evidence has accumulated into the health benefits of practising Qigong, particularly in the amelioration of physical conditions. Previous studies have been conducted using positivist biomedical model methodologies, which may be limited in understanding the nuanced meaning-making and embodied experience of practitioners. This study uses Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to inquire into how the sustained practice of Qigong contributes beyond the relief of physical conditions to improved self-awareness and appreciation of life. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five Qigong practitioners who each had over 10-years' experience and analysed using the interpretive methodology of IPA. Findings reveal a crucial antecedent theme of 'Openness to experience' and four, interrelated, super-ordinate themes common to each of the participants: 'Finding a Teacher', 'Bodymind' (proprioception and interoception), 'Primary Process of Developmental Change', and 'Awareness of emergent Authenticity'. Insights revealed how each practitioner makes sense of the sustained 'autotelic' practice of Qigong, and how this contributes to a transformative understanding of themselves and of life. Qigong presents a possible promising intervention to improve both physical and psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Sheard
- School of Psychology, University of East London, UK.
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Humphries A, Tasnim N, Rugh R, Patrick M, Basso JC. Acutely enhancing affective state and social connection following an online dance intervention during the COVID-19 social isolation crisis. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:13. [PMID: 36647172 PMCID: PMC9841492 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-01034-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many throughout the world to isolate themselves from their respective communities to stop the spread of disease. Although this form of distancing can prevent the contraction of a virus, it results in social isolation and physical inactivity. Consequently, our communities have become heavily reliant on digital solutions to foster social connection and increase physical activity when forced to isolate. Dance is a multidimensional form of physical activity that includes sensory, motor, cognitive, rhythmic, creative, and social elements. Long-term, interventional studies in dance have shown positive effects on both mental and social health; however, little has been done to examine the acute effects and no studies to date have explored the relationship between the affective state and social outcomes of dance. We examined the hypothesis that online dance is associated with improvements in affective state and social connection during a time of social isolation, namely, the COVID-19 crisis. Healthy adults (age ≥ 18; n = 47) engaged in a single session of 60 min of self-selected online dance, completing a series of validated self-reported questionnaires before and after class. We found that online dance was associated with improvements in affective state as measured by increased positive affect and self-esteem and decreased negative affect and depressive symptoms. Additionally, online dance was associated with improvements in social and community connectedness. Further, we found that those who experienced the largest increases in self-esteem and decreases in negative affect demonstrated the largest gains in social connectivity. Although in-person dance classes may be optimal for formalized dance training, online dance instruction offers an accessible platform that can provide mental and social health benefits during the COVID-19 social isolation crisis. We conclude that through online dance, individuals can experience a connection between the body, mind, and community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee Humphries
- grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Integrated Life Sciences Building, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24016 USA
| | - Noor Tasnim
- grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Rachel Rugh
- grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940School of Performing Arts, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Morgan Patrick
- grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Julia C. Basso
- grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Integrated Life Sciences Building, 1981 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24016 USA ,grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA ,grid.438526.e0000 0001 0694 4940Center for Research On Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA USA
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Nijs L, Nicolaou G. Flourishing in Resonance: Joint Resilience Building Through Music and Motion. Front Psychol 2021; 12:666702. [PMID: 34135825 PMCID: PMC8201092 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.666702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, children face adverse childhood experiences, being exposed to risks ranging from, exposure to political violence and forced migration over the deleterious effects of climate change, to unsafe cultural practices. As a consequence, children that seek refuge or migrate to European countries are extremely vulnerable, often struggling with integration in school, peer community, and their broader social circle. This multifaceted struggle can derive from external factors, such as the adaptation process and contact with other children, or internal factors such as the fears and trauma that every child carries within them since they departed from their homeland. To bounce, grow, connect, and create in both adversity and opportunity, children need to build resilience, i.e., the capacity of an individual to maintain stable psychological functioning throughout the course of adversity. On the one hand, building resilience requires developing a set of individual skills (internal protective factors), such as self-control, emotion regulation, self-esteem, and agency. On the other hand, building resilience involves developing social skills (external protective factors), connection, and close relationships. In this theoretical contribution, we review and map existing research to argue that activities based on the combination of music and movement has a strong potential to intensively build resilience. First, we connect the concepts of resilience and eudaimonia, based on the protective factors and key components of resilience. Then we discuss how music and movement, separately, may contribute to building resilience. Next, drawing on the basic mechanisms of musical sense-making, we argue that through combining music and movement, children engage in empowering musical sense-making processes that support building resilience, and in this way, support them to grow together and deeply experience eudaimonic values such as self-awareness, confidence and self-esteem, personal autonomy, connection, belonging, and bonding. Finally, we connect theory to practice. Based on the presented theoretical elaborations and on the authors’ experience as practitioners, we propose a set of guiding principles for the design of movement-based musical activities that foster the internal and external factors necessary to build resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Nijs
- Institute of Psychoacoustics and Electronic Music (IPEM), Ghent, Belgium.,Artesis Plantijn Hogeschool Antwerpen, Royal Conservatoire Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Georgia Nicolaou
- Artesis Plantijn Hogeschool Antwerpen, Royal Conservatoire Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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