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Kalantzi V, Tsiampalis T, Kouvari M, Belitsi V, Zairis A, Migdanis A, Papadopoulou SK, Bonoti F, Panagiotakos DB, Kosti RI. Exploring the Role of Self-Efficacy in Maintaining Healthy Lifestyle Habits among Patients with Cardiometabolic Diseases; Findings from the Multi-Center IACT Cross-Sectional Study. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:736. [PMID: 38929719 PMCID: PMC11204498 DOI: 10.3390/life14060736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Cardiometabolic disease progression can be delayed if patients engage in healthy lifestyle behaviors, adherence to which is highly influenced by psychosocial factors. The present study aimed at investigating the association of self-efficacy with the adherence level to healthy lifestyle behaviors among patients with cardiometabolic diseases in Greece. (2) Methods: 1988 patients (1180 females) with cardiometabolic diseases participated. Anthropometric, demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics were recorded. Patients were also asked to evaluate their efficacy to comply with healthy lifestyle behaviors. (3) Results: The majority exhibited unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. A subgroup demonstrated elevated self-efficacy in maintaining healthy habits despite facing diverse psychosocial challenges. Individuals with higher educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and rural/semi-urban residency had significantly elevated self-efficacy. Those with heightened self-efficacy exhibited significantly lower BMI and reduced prevalence of certain health conditions. Self-efficacy significantly influenced adherence to the Mediterranean diet, physical activity engagement, and smoking cessation, even in challenging circumstances. (4) Conclusions: This study represented an innovative approach in examining the role of self-efficacy in shaping health behaviors and outcomes within a Greek population. By integrating specific psychosocial circumstances into the analysis, valuable insights were provided into the contextual factors influencing self-efficacy and adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Kalantzi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 38221 Trikala, Greece; (V.K.); (T.T.); (M.K.); (V.B.); (A.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Thomas Tsiampalis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 38221 Trikala, Greece; (V.K.); (T.T.); (M.K.); (V.B.); (A.M.); (F.B.)
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece;
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Matina Kouvari
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 38221 Trikala, Greece; (V.K.); (T.T.); (M.K.); (V.B.); (A.M.); (F.B.)
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece;
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Vasiliki Belitsi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 38221 Trikala, Greece; (V.K.); (T.T.); (M.K.); (V.B.); (A.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Antonios Zairis
- Department of Economics and Business, School of Economics, Business and Computer Sciences, Neapolis University, Paphos 8042, Cyprus;
| | - Athanasios Migdanis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 38221 Trikala, Greece; (V.K.); (T.T.); (M.K.); (V.B.); (A.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Fotini Bonoti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 38221 Trikala, Greece; (V.K.); (T.T.); (M.K.); (V.B.); (A.M.); (F.B.)
| | - Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 17676 Athens, Greece;
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Rena I. Kosti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 38221 Trikala, Greece; (V.K.); (T.T.); (M.K.); (V.B.); (A.M.); (F.B.)
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Pleym K, Dammen T, Wedon-Fekjær H, Husebye E, Sverre E, Tonstad S, Munkhaugen J. A multi-component intervention increased access to smoking cessation treatment after hospitalization for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a randomized trial. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL OPEN 2024; 4:oeae028. [PMID: 38666249 PMCID: PMC11044967 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the effects of a multi-component intervention for smokers hospitalized for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) on the participation rate in community-based cessation programmes and the use of cessation drugs. Additionally, to explore the impact on the cessation rates at 6 months. Methods and results A randomized parallel-group study was conducted at a Norwegian secondary care hospital in 2021. The intervention group was: (i) counselled using motivational interviewing techniques during hospitalization; (ii) given an information leaflet, detailing the cessation programme; and (iii) referred to the community-based smoking cessation treatment including a post-discharge pro-active telephone invitation. The control group received usual care and the same information leaflet containing clear contact details for initiating participation. Data were collected at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months. Among 99 smokers hospitalized with ASCVD, 40 were excluded. Of 59 randomized patients, 4 were lost to follow-up and 55 completed the study. The mean age was 65.1 (standard deviation 9.3) years, 35% were female, and 88% had smoked >20 years. Co-morbidity was prevalent (mean Charlson score 4.8). The intervention group was more likely to participate in the smoking cessation treatment {48 vs. 7%, difference: 41% [95% confidence interval (CI): 14%, 63%]} and used cessation drugs more frequently [59 vs. 21%, difference: 38% (95% CI: 17%, 59%)]. At the 6 months point prevalence, we observed notable between-group differences in self-reported cessation rate (48 vs. 25%). Conclusion The intervention significantly increased the participation rate at community-based smoking cessation programmes and the use of cessation drugs among multi-morbid smokers hospitalized for ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Pleym
- Department of Medicine, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Trust, Dronninggata 48, 3004 Drammen, Norway
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Toril Dammen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 2, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Klaus Torgårds vei 3, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Wedon-Fekjær
- Oslo Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Einar Husebye
- Department of Medicine, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Trust, Dronninggata 48, 3004 Drammen, Norway
| | - Elise Sverre
- Department of Medicine, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Trust, Dronninggata 48, 3004 Drammen, Norway
| | - Serena Tonstad
- Department of Endocrinology, Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Section of Preventive Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Trondheimsveien 235, 0586 Oslo, Norway
| | - John Munkhaugen
- Department of Medicine, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Trust, Dronninggata 48, 3004 Drammen, Norway
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 9, 0372 Oslo, Norway
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Ibrahim AK, Syed Sulaiman SA, Awaisu A, Shafie AA. Impact of brief smoking cessation intervention on quitting rate and glycemic control in patients with diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231208598. [PMID: 37890143 PMCID: PMC10612461 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231208598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the impact of a brief smoking cessation intervention among patients with diabetes. METHODS This randomized interventional clinical trial involved patients with diabetes who smoked tobacco and attended the outpatient diabetes clinic at Penang Hospital, Malaysia. Participants were randomized into a control group that usual care for patients with diabetes, or an intervention group that received a 5-minute physician-delivered brief counseling session on tobacco cessation using the 5A's strategy, in addition to usual care. Primary outcome measures were assessed over three visits (every 3-4 months) including mean glycated hemoglobin level, quitting rate, blood pressure, and mean number of cigarettes smoked per day. RESULTS In total, 126 participants were finally enrolled in the study, with 63 patients each in the intervention and control groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to glycemic control, blood pressure, and quitting rate. However, patients in both groups reduced their cigarette consumption. CONCLUSIONS The present brief smoking cessation intervention did not result in better glycemic control, blood pressure, or quitting rates among patients with diabetes. This patient group may require more intensive guidance for better outcomes.Trial registration: This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04864327); https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?pg=1&load=cart&id=NCT04864327.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Awaisu
- College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asrul Akmal Shafie
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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