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Hu Q, Yang N, Huang Q, Cheng C, Xiao L, Gao X, Zhang F. Mobile Phone Addiction and Psychological Capital Mediates the Relationship Between Life Satisfaction and Learning Burnout in Chinese Medical Postgraduate Students: A Structural Equation Model Analysis. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:3169-3180. [PMID: 39296529 PMCID: PMC11408269 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s466422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To analyze the relationship between life satisfaction and learning burnout, and explore the mediating effect of mobile phone addiction and psychological capital, and to provide a theoretical basis for the study of measures for medical postgraduate students to maintain a positive psychological state and keep interest and enthusiasm in academic life. Methods Convenience cluster sampling was used to recruit 628 medical postgraduate students in Chongqing, China. The Learning Burnout Questionnaire (LBQ), life satisfaction self-rated item, Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS), and the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) were used to examine participants. Hierarchical regression was used to analyze the effect of life satisfaction, mobile phone addiction, and psychological capital on learning burnout. A structural equation model (SEM) with maximum likelihood was used to evaluate the mediating effect of mobile phone addiction and psychological capital on the relationship between life satisfaction and learning burnout. The bootstrap method was used to confirm the significance of the mediating effect. Results The average learning burnout score was (55.81±10.55). Results of hierarchical regression revealed that life satisfaction and psychological capital had a significant negative predictive effect on learning burnout, and mobile phone addiction had a positive predictive effect on learning burnout (p<0.05). The SEM revealed that the total and direct effects of life satisfaction on learning burnout were significant, and the mediating effects of mobile phone addiction and psychological capital between life satisfaction and learning burnout were significant (p<0.05). Conclusion Life satisfaction is a direct predictor of learning burnout among Chinese medical postgraduate students, and this relationship is mediated by mobile phone addiction and psychological capital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hu
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningling Yang
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Huang
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Cheng
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xiao
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjing Gao
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Research Center for Medicine and Social Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
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Fan J, Chang Y, Li L, Jiang N, Qu Z, Zhang J, Li M, Liang B, Qu D. The relationship between medical staff burnout and subjective wellbeing: the chain mediating role of psychological capital and perceived social support. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1408006. [PMID: 38975362 PMCID: PMC11224155 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1408006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Medical staff play a crucial role in delivering healthcare services, especially during epidemics of infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there is a growing issue of burnout and low wellbeing among this group. While it is widely recognized that burnout has a negative impact on subjective wellbeing, the exact relationship between the two is not yet completely understood. The purpose of this study is to explore the chain mediating role of psychological capital and perceived social support between burnout and subjective wellbeing among medical staff. Methods Using the convenient sampling method, 604 medical staff were selected for a cross-sectional study. All participants completed a self-report questionnaire that collected demographic information, as well as data from the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey, General Wellbeing Schedule, Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and Perceived Social Support Scale. SPSS 27.0 and SPSS PROCESS macro were used for data analysis. Results There was a significant correlation between burnout, psychological capital, perceived social support, and subjective wellbeing (p < 0.01). Burnout not only has a direct negative impact on the subjective wellbeing of medical staff (effect: -0.2045; Bootstrap 95%CI: -0.2506, -0.1583), but also exerts an indirect influence on subjective wellbeing through three pathways: the independent mediating effect of psychological capital (effect: -0.0481; Bootstrap 95%CI: -0.0876, -0.0109), the independent mediating effect of perceived social support (effect: -0.0092; Bootstrap 95%CI: -0.0203, -0.0003), and the chained mediating effect of psychological capital and perceived social support (effect: -0.0092; Bootstrap 95%CI: -0.0183, -0.0019). Conclusion High burnout in medical staff can impair the level of psychological capital, leading to diminished perceived social support and ultimately reduced subjective wellbeing. The findings of this study contribute to understanding the potential pathways between burnout and subjective wellbeing and provide preliminary data support for developing strategies to improve the mental health of medical staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Fan
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Yuyang Chang
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Li Li
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhifei Qu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meihua Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Bing Liang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Danhua Qu
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
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Xu H, Zhao X. Organizational support enhances nurses' work-family enrichment: a person-context interactionist perspective. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1392811. [PMID: 38751419 PMCID: PMC11094711 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1392811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Attaining a favorable work-life balance is a complex and ongoing challenge in the nursing profession. According to a person-context interactionist perspective and the two-factor theory, this study investigated the underlying mechanism by which organizational support impacts work-family enrichment via protective factors (i.e., decent work) and depleting factors (i.e., burnout) among Chinese nurses. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional research design was utilized in this study, employing an online questionnaire as the primary method for data collection. The study included 355 nurses who completed a self-reported questionnaire designed to measure variables such as organizational support, decent work, burnout, work-family enrichment, and demographic information. The collected data were analyzed using a chain mediation model in PROCESS macro (Model 6). Results The findings of the analysis revealed that nurses reporting higher levels of organizational support also exhibited a greater sense of work-family enrichment. Moreover, the study identified indirect effects of organizational support on work-family enrichment, mediated by decent work and burnout. Discussion These findings suggest that targeted interventions aimed at promoting organizational support can contribute to the overall well-being and work-life balance of nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiufang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Galanis P, Moisoglou I, Katsiroumpa A, Sourtzi P. Impact of workplace bullying on job burnout and turnover intention among nursing staff in Greece: Evidence after the COVID-19 pandemic. AIMS Public Health 2024; 11:614-627. [PMID: 39027397 PMCID: PMC11252585 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2024031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The prevalence of workplace bullying, job burnout, and turnover intention among nursing staff increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies that have measured the relationships among variables of interest after the pandemic. Objective Our intention is to investigate the effect of workplace bullying on job burnout and turnover intention in nursing staff. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study during January-February 2024 in Greece. We obtained a convenience sample of 450 nurses. We used the 22-item Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised to assess workplace bullying. We measured job burnout with the single-item burnout measure. We measured nurses' turnover intention with a valid 6-point Likert scale. Results The study sample included 450 nurses with the mean age of 39.1 years (standard deviation [SD] = 10.2). The mean workplace bullying score was 7.7 (SD = 2.0), while the mean job burnout score was 7.7 (SD = 2.0). Among our nurses, 57.3% showed a high level of turnover intention. After eliminating confounders, we found that increased workplace bullying (adjusted beta = 0.031, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.023 to 0.039, p < 0.001) was associated with increased job burnout. Moreover, multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that increased turnover intention was more common among nurses who experienced higher levels of workplace bullying (adjusted odds ratio = 1.057, 95% CI = 1.043 to 1.071, p < 0.001). Conclusion We found a positive relationship between workplace bullying, job burnout, and turnover intention. Nurse managers, organizations, and policy-makers ought to consider such findings to intervene and decrease workplace bullying by improving working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Galanis
- Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Aglaia Katsiroumpa
- Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Panayota Sourtzi
- Laboratory of Prevention, Department of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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Zhang X, Chen S, Zheng Z, Zhao M, Song L, Zhao Y, Wang Z. The relationship between psychological capital, burnout and perceived stress in junior nurses: a latent profile analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1374941. [PMID: 38660345 PMCID: PMC11039913 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1374941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psychological capital, an intrinsic personal asset, enhances junior nurses' ability to navigate transition and sustain superior job performance. This study aimed to classify junior nurses into distinct psychological capital profiles and examine their associations with burnout and perceived stress levels. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 480 junior nurses from three hospitals in Beijing assessed psychological capital, stress, and burnout using e-questionnaires, from July 2021 to August 2022. We employed exploratory latent profile analysis for psychological capital profiling and logistic regression with the best subset method to identify the influential factors. Results The results of the latent profile analysis supported the models of two latent profiles, which were defined as low psychological capital (224, 46.5%) and high psychological capital (256, 53.5%). Logistic regression revealed that introverted nurses and those experiencing moderate to high levels of burnout and stress were more likely to exhibit low psychological capital. Conclusion Nursing management should proactively identify and support junior nurses with low psychological capital, with a focus on introverted individuals, to mitigate the impact of stress and burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Siye Chen
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziling Zheng
- Department of Nursing, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mi Zhao
- Department of Nursing, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Song
- Department of Nursing, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Nursing, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Xue B, Wang S, Chen D, Hu Z, Feng Y, Luo H. Moral distress, psychological capital, and burnout in registered nurses. Nurs Ethics 2024; 31:388-400. [PMID: 37737144 DOI: 10.1177/09697330231202233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to explore the relationship among moral distress, psychological capital, and burnout in registered nurses. ETHICAL CONSIDERATION The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University (Approval no. 2022001). METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 397 nurses from three Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang Province, China. Participants completed demographic information, the Nurses' Moral Distress Scale, the Nurses' Psychological Capital Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory Scale. The data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. RESULTS The study found that moral distress and burnout are positively correlated, while psychological capital is negatively correlated with both moral distress and burnout. The path analysis in structural equation modeling revealed that moral distress has a significant direct effect on psychological capital, while psychological capital has a significant direct effect on burnout. In addition, moral distress also had a significant indirect effect on burnout through psychological capital. Moreover, both the direct effect of moral distress on burnout and the total effect of moral distress on burnout were significant. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that psychological capital plays an important role in the relationship between moral distress and burnout. Promoting psychological capital among nurses may be a promising strategy for preventing moral distress and burnout in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhiguo Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University
| | - Yaping Feng
- Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University
| | - Hong Luo
- Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University
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Galanis P, Moisoglou I, Papathanasiou IV, Malliarou M, Katsiroumpa A, Vraka I, Siskou O, Konstantakopoulou O, Kaitelidou D. Association between Organizational Support and Turnover Intention in Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:291. [PMID: 38338176 PMCID: PMC10855592 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Although recent studies suggest a negative relationship between organizational support and turnover intention among nurses, there has been no systematic review on this issue. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize and evaluate the association between organizational support and turnover intention in nurses. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023447109). A total of eight studies with 5754 nurses were included. All studies were cross-sectional and were conducted after 2010. Quality was moderate in five studies and good in three studies. We found a moderate negative correlation between organizational support and turnover intention since the pooled correlation coefficient was -0.32 (95% confidence interval: -0.42 to -0.21). All studies found a negative correlation between organizational support and turnover intention ranging from -0.10 to -0.51. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis showed that our results were stable when each study was excluded. Egger's test and funnel plot suggested the absence of publication bias in the eight studies. Subgroup analysis showed that the negative correlation between organizational support and turnover intention was stronger in studies in China and Australia than those in Europe. Organizational support has a moderate negative correlation with turnover intention in nurses. However, data regarding the impact of organizational support on turnover intention are limited. Moreover, our study had several limitations, and thus, we cannot generalize our results. Therefore, further studies should be conducted to assess the independent effect of organizational support on turnover intention in a more valid way. In any case, nursing managers should draw attention to organizational support by developing effective clinical practice guidelines for nurses so as to reduce turnover intention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Galanis
- Clinical Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (P.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Ioannis Moisoglou
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (I.M.); (M.M.)
| | | | - Maria Malliarou
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (I.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Aglaia Katsiroumpa
- Clinical Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (P.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Irene Vraka
- Department of Radiology, P. & A. Kyriakou Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Olga Siskou
- Department of Tourism Studies, University of Piraeus, 18534 Piraeus, Greece;
| | - Olympia Konstantakopoulou
- Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (O.K.); (D.K.)
| | - Daphne Kaitelidou
- Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (O.K.); (D.K.)
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Galanis P, Moisoglou I, Malliarou M, Papathanasiou IV, Katsiroumpa A, Vraka I, Siskou O, Konstantakopoulou O, Kaitelidou D. Quiet Quitting among Nurses Increases Their Turnover Intention: Evidence from Greece in the Post-COVID-19 Era. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:79. [PMID: 38200985 PMCID: PMC10779139 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As turnover intention is a strong determinant of actual turnover behavior, scholars should identify the determinants of turnover intention. In this context, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of quiet quitting on nurses' turnover intentions. Additionally, this study examined the impact of several demographic and job characteristics on turnover intention. A cross-sectional study with 629 nurses in Greece was conducted. The data were collected in September 2023. Quiet quitting was measured with the "Quiet Quitting" scale. In this study, 60.9% of nurses were considered quiet quitters, while 40.9% experienced high levels of turnover intention. Multivariable regression analysis showed that higher levels of quiet quitting increased turnover intention. Moreover, this study found that turnover intention was higher among females, shift workers, nurses in the private sector, and those who considered their workplace understaffed. Also, clinical experience was associated positively with turnover intention. Since quiet quitting affects turnover intention, organizations, policymakers, and managers should address this issue to improve nurses' intentions to stay at their jobs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros Galanis
- Clinical Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (P.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Ioannis Moisoglou
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (I.M.); (I.V.P.)
| | - Maria Malliarou
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larisa, Greece; (I.M.); (I.V.P.)
| | | | - Aglaia Katsiroumpa
- Clinical Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (P.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Irene Vraka
- Department of Radiology, P. & A. Kyriakou Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Olga Siskou
- Department of Tourism Studies, University of Piraeus, 18534 Piraeus, Greece;
| | - Olympia Konstantakopoulou
- Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (O.K.); (D.K.)
| | - Daphne Kaitelidou
- Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, Faculty of Nursing, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (O.K.); (D.K.)
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Flinkman M, Coco K, Rudman A, Leino-Kilpi H. Registered nurses' psychological capital: A scoping review. Int J Nurs Pract 2023; 29:e13183. [PMID: 37485748 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim was to examine the extent and scope of empirical research concerning registered nurses' psychological capital. BACKGROUND In a time of global nursing shortage, identifying variables that could positively contribute to the retention of the nursing workforce is essential. Prior research has shown that psychological capital correlates positively with employees' better performance and well-being. DESIGN A scoping review. DATA SOURCES A systematic literature search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Scopus covering the period from 1 January 2005 to 7 May 2023. REVIEW METHODS The JBI methodological guidance for scoping reviews was followed. The results were summarized narratively. RESULTS A total of 111 studies reported in 114 peer-reviewed articles were included. Studies were carried out across 20 countries, with the majority from China (45), Australia (nine), Pakistan (nine), Canada (eight), South Korea (eight) and the United States (eight). A positive correlation was found between registered nurses' psychological capital and desirable work-related outcomes, such as work engagement, commitment and retention intention. CONCLUSION A comprehensive overview of research evidence suggests that psychological capital is associated with many positive work-related outcomes and might therefore be a valuable resource for reducing nurse turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervi Flinkman
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi Coco
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ann Rudman
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Health and Welfare, Department of Caring Sciences, Dalarna University, Sweden
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Flinkman M, Rudman A, Pasanen M, Leino-Kilpi H. Psychological capital, grit and organizational justice as positive strengths and resources among registered nurses: A path analysis. Nurs Open 2023. [PMID: 37128977 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine registered nurses' individual strengths (psychological capital and grit) and an organizational resource (organizational justice) as well as associated work-related outcomes. In a time of a global nursing shortage, there is an urgent need to identify strengths and resources that can have a positive impact on the health, well-being and retention of registered nurses. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey. METHODS A nationwide convenience sample of 514 registered nurses responded to a survey. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire between March and May 2018. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multivariate path analysis. RESULTS Participants rated their psychological capital and grit moderately high. Grit and organizational justice were found to have significant direct effects on psychological capital. Furthermore, psychological capital had positive direct effects on engagement and the perception of well-conducted everyday nursing as well as negative direct effects on burnout, the stress of conscience and the intent to leave the profession. CONCLUSION The results suggest that nurse leaders and managers could consider improving registered nurses' well-being with two complementary approaches. It might be useful to reinforce positive, individual strengths, such as psychological capital, and at the same time create more favourable nursing work environments, for example by strengthening organizational justice. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION Psychological capital and grit are emerging concepts in nursing workforce research. Identifying registered nurses' positive strengths and resources is important for inventing interventions that enhance nurses' engagement and well-being as well as reduce turnover intentions. IMPACT Nurse leaders and managers play crucial roles in managing and developing registered nurses' individual strengths and organizational resources. This has gained even more importance now as the COVID-19 pandemic could have a long-term negative impact on nurses' well-being. REPORTING METHOD The study is reported following STROBE guidelines. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervi Flinkman
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ann Rudman
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Health and Welfare, Department of Caring Sciences, Dalarna University, Dalarna, Sweden
| | - Miko Pasanen
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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