1
|
Akhtar N, Singh R, Kamran S, Joseph S, Morgan D, Uy RT, Treit S, Shuaib A. Association between serum triglycerides and stroke type, severity, and prognosis. Analysis in 6558 patients. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:88. [PMID: 38443844 PMCID: PMC10913234 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03572-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hypertriglyceridemia (HT) may increase the risk of stroke. Limited studies have shown that stroke severity and infarction size are smaller in patients with HT. We explored the relationship between triglyceride levels and stroke risk factors, severity and outcome in a large prospective database. DESIGN Prospective Cross-sectional study. SETTING We retrospectively interrogated the Qatar Stroke Database in all patients admitted between 2014-2022 with acute ischemic stroke and evaluated the relationship between triglyceride, diabetes, stroke severity (measured on NIHSS), stroke type (TOAST classification) and the short- (mRS at 90 days) and long-term outcomes (MACE at 1 year) in patients with HT. PARTICIPANTS Six thousand five hundred fifty-eight patients ≥20 years were included in this study RESULTS: Six thousand five hundred fifty-eight patients with ischemic stroke [mean age 54.6 ± 12. 9; male 82.1%) were included. Triglyceride levels upon admission were low-normal (≤1.1 mmol/L) in 2019 patients, high-normal (1.2-1.7 mmol/L) in 2142 patients, borderline-high (1.8-2.2 mmol/L) in 1072 patients and high (≥2.3 mmol/L) in 1325 patients. Higher triglyceride levels were associated with stroke and increased likelihood of having diabetes, obesity, active smoking, and small vessel/lacunar stroke type. An inverse relationship was noted whereby higher triglyceride levels were associated with lower stroke severity and reduced likelihood of poorer outcome (mRS 3-6) at discharge and 90 days. Long-term MACE events were less frequent in patients with higher triglyceride levels. After adjusting age, gender, diabetes, prior stroke, CAD, and obesity, multivariate analysis showed that hypertension and triglyceride levels were higher in mild ischemic strokes patients. CONCLUSIONS Increasing triglycerides are associated with higher risk of small vessel disease and requires further prospective cohort studies for confirmation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Akhtar
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Neurology, North Tower, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rajvir Singh
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Neurology, North Tower, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saadat Kamran
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Neurology, North Tower, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sujatha Joseph
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Neurology, North Tower, Doha, Qatar
| | - Deborah Morgan
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Neurology, North Tower, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ryan Ty Uy
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Neurology, North Tower, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sarah Treit
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ashfaq Shuaib
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mohd Ahmed H, Abdel Aziz K, Al Ammari A, Galadari M, Alsaadi A, Alhassani A, Al Marzooqi F, AlAhbabi M, Alsheryani H, Bahayan M, Ahmed R, Alameri S, Stip E, Aly El-Gabry D. Prevalence and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and bipolar disorder. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2024; 28:35-44. [PMID: 38329470 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2024.2310847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a risk for developing cardiovascular diseases and its prevalence is especially high in psychiatric patients. To date, there is limited data from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) on the prevalence of MetS. Therefore, we aimed to investigate its prevalence and possible risk factors in a large sample of psychiatric patients in the UAE. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Ain Hospital, in Al-Ain City, UAE. We collected demographic and clinical data on patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and bipolar affective disorder in the period between January 2017 and December 2020. This included their secondary diagnosis (psychiatric or medical), vital signs (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, Body Mass Index [BMI]), metabolic parameters (fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoproteins), and prescribed medications. We used the American Association of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE) criteria to diagnose MetS. RESULTS We included 889 subjects and of these, 79.8% (N = 709) had a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 and 9.8% (N = 87) had no abnormal metabolic parameters. Overall, 28.1% (N = 250) had MetS with no statistical difference between the three groups. Fasting blood glucose levels and abnormally elevated triglycerides were significant predictors for MetS. CONCLUSION Our study found that around one in three patients had MetS irrespective of the three diagnoses. Some variables were significant predictors for MetS. Our findings were consistent with other studies and warrant the need for regular screening and management of abnormal metabolic parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hind Mohd Ahmed
- Behavioural Science Institute, Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Karim Abdel Aziz
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abeer Al Ammari
- Behavioural Science Institute, Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Galadari
- Behavioural Science Institute, Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aaisha Alsaadi
- Behavioural Science Institute, Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aysha Alhassani
- Behavioural Science Institute, Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Al Marzooqi
- Behavioural Science Institute, Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed AlAhbabi
- Behavioural Science Institute, Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hind Alsheryani
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Meera Bahayan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reem Ahmed
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sara Alameri
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Emmanuel Stip
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Dina Aly El-Gabry
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sharma K, Poudyal S, Subba HK, Khatiwada S. Metabolic syndrome and life style factors among diabetes patients attending in a teaching hospital, Chitwan. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286139. [PMID: 37228052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increased incidence of chronic complications and mortality of diabetes patients. Prevention and treatment of MetS is important means of lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to find out metabolic syndrome and life style factors among diabetes patients. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 296 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select sample. Data were collected from 15th December 2021 to 15th March, 2022 using Interview Schedule, bio-physiological measurement and record review. Obtained data were analysed in SPSS version 20 for window using descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi-square test was applied to measure the association between the variables. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with metabolic syndrome. RESULT Findings revealed that the prevalence of MetS was 66.2% and 58.4% in patients according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria respectively. The most common MetS parameters were raised fasting plasma glucose (94.6%) and abnormal waist circumference (78.4% in IDF criteria) while the least prevalent parameter was reduced HDL level (43.2%). Majorities of the patients were non-vegetarian (85.5%), had poor dietary compliance (poor-46.3%, very poor-32.1%), overweight/obese (65.5%), and suffered from moderate stress (90.1%). Bivariate analysis showed that MetS as per NCEP ATP criteria was significantly associated with gender (p = 0.006), occupation (p = 0.007), presence of other co-morbid condition (<0.001) and sleep problem (p = <0.001). However, MetS as per IDF criteria was significantly associated with age (p = <0.028), duration of diabetes (p = <0.001), follow-up visit (p = <0.030), blood sugar monitoring (p = <0.009) and physical activity of diabetes patients (p = <0.001). Further logistic regression analysis revealed that sleep problem (AOR = 21.812;95%CI = 8.512,55.894) and presence of other comorbidities (AOR = 4.024;95%CI = 2.220,7.295) were the significant factors of metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Metabolic syndrome is high in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, treating physicians and other health workers need to monitor MetS parameters regularly to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke and premature death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Sharma
- School of Nursing, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal
| | - Sunita Poudyal
- School of Nursing, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal
| | - Hem K Subba
- School of Nursing, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal
| | - Saurav Khatiwada
- Departments of Endocrine Medicine, Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Nepal
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Khair H, Bataineh MF, Zaręba K, Alawar S, Maki S, Sallam GS, Abdalla A, Mutare S, Ali HI. Pregnant Women's Perception and Knowledge of the Impact of Obesity on Prenatal Outcomes-A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112420. [PMID: 37299384 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and overweight has been rapidly increasing and is significantly higher among adult females in the Arab States. The aim of the present study was to explore pregnant Emirati women's perception of their weight, their knowledge of the healthy gestational weight gain, and the possible weight-related pregnancy complications. A total of 526 self-administered questionnaires were obtained with a response rate of 72%. The majority (81.8%, n = 429) entered pregnancy as overweight or obese. The percentage of pregnant women who underestimated their weight category was 12.1% in normal weight participants, 48.9% in overweight participants, and 73.5% in obese participants (p < 0.001). The overweight and obese participants were 13 times more likely to underestimate their weight status and 3.6 times more likely to correctly select their healthy gestational weight gain. Women's awareness of pregnancy-related complications due to weight varied from 80.3% for diabetes to 44.5% for fetal complications; their awareness of breastfeeding difficulty was the lowest at 2.5%. Moreover, there was a misconception about personal BMI and the appropriate range for gestational weight gain (GWG). Healthy lifestyle counselling urgently needs to be addressed in preventative health programs such as pre-marital and preconception counselling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Howaida Khair
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mo'ath F Bataineh
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kornelia Zaręba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shamsa Alawar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sara Maki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gehan Sayed Sallam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afra Abdalla
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sharon Mutare
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Habiba I Ali
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Grant WB, Al Anouti F, Boucher BJ, Fakhoury HMA, Moukayed M, Pilz S, Al-Daghri NM. Evidence That Increasing Serum 25(OH)D Concentrations to 30 ng/mL in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates Could Greatly Improve Health Outcomes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11040994. [PMID: 37189612 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11040994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports the potential protective effects of vitamin D against chronic diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, autoimmune diseases, cancers, cardiovascular disease (ischaemic heart disease and stroke), type 2 diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, stroke, and infectious diseases such as acute respiratory tract diseases, COVID-19, influenza, and pneumonia, as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes. The respective evidence is based on ecological and observational studies, randomized controlled trials, mechanistic studies, and Mendelian randomization studies. However, randomized controlled trials on vitamin D supplementation have largely failed to show benefits, probably due to poor design and analysis. In this work, we aim to use the best available evidence on the potential beneficial effects of vitamin D to estimate the expected reduction in incidence and mortality rates of vitamin D-related diseases in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates if minimum serum 25(OH)D concentrations were to be raised to 30 ng/mL. Estimated reductions by 25% for myocardial infarction incidence, 35% for stroke incidence, 20 to 35% for cardiovascular disease mortality, and 35% for cancer mortality rates depicted a promising potential for raising serum 25(OH)D. Methods to increase serum 25(OH)D concentrations at the population level could include food fortification with vitamin D3, vitamin D supplementation, improved dietary vitamin D intake, and sensible sun exposure.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mezhal F, Ahmad A, Abdulle A, Leinberger-Jabari A, Oulhaj A, AlJunaibi A, Alnaeemi A, Al Dhaheri AS, AlZaabi E, Al-Maskari F, AlAnouti F, Alsafar H, Alkaabi J, Wareth LA, Aljaber M, Kazim M, Alblooshi M, Al-Houqani M, Hag Ali M, Oumeziane N, El-Shahawy O, Al-Rifai RH, Sherman S, Shah SM, Loney T, Almahmeed W, Idaghdour Y, Ahmed LA, Ali R. Metabolic Syndrome in Fasting and Non-Fasting Participants: The UAE Healthy Future Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13757. [PMID: 36360639 PMCID: PMC9654954 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multiplex of risk factors that predispose people to the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD), two of the major non-communicable diseases that contribute to mortality in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). MetS guidelines require the testing of fasting samples, but there are evidence-based suggestions that non-fasting samples are also reliable for CVD-related screening measures. In this study, we aimed to estimate MetS and its components in a sample of young Emiratis using HbA1c as another glycemic marker. We also aimed to estimate the associations of some known CVD risk factors with MetS in our population. METHODS The study was based on a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of 5161 participants from the UAE Healthy Future Study (UAEHFS). MetS was identified using the NCEP ATP III criteria, with the addition of HbA1c as another glycemic indicator. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c were used either individually or combined to identify the glycemic component of MetS, based on the fasting status. Multivariate regression analysis was used to test for associations of selected social and behavioral factors with MetS. RESULTS Our sample included 3196 men and 1965 women below the age of 40 years. Only about 21% of the sample were fasting at the time of recruitment. The age-adjusted prevalence of MetS was estimated as 22.7% in males and 12.5% in females. MetS prevalence was not statistically different after substituting FBG by HbA1c in the fasting groups (p > 0.05). Age, increased body mass index (BMI), and family history of any metabolic abnormality and/or heart disease were consistently strongly associated with MetS. CONCLUSION MetS is highly prevalent in our sample of young Emirati adults. Our data showed that HbA1c may be an acceptable tool to test for the glycemic component of MetS in non-fasting samples. We found that the most relevant risk factors for predicting the prevalence of MetS were age, BMI, and family history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Mezhal
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amar Ahmad
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdishakur Abdulle
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Andrea Leinberger-Jabari
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abderrahim Oulhaj
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulla AlJunaibi
- Department of Pediatrics, Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi 72763, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulla Alnaeemi
- Department of Cardiology, Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi 72763, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eiman AlZaabi
- Department of Pathology, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi 11001, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Al-Maskari
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatme AlAnouti
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates
| | - Habiba Alsafar
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Juma Alkaabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Laila Abdel Wareth
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 112412, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mai Aljaber
- Healthpoint Hospital, Abu Dhabi 112308, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marina Kazim
- Abu Dhabi Blood Bank Services, SEHA, Abu Dhabi 109090, United Arab Emirates
| | - Manal Alblooshi
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Al-Houqani
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Hag Ali
- Department of Health Science, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi 25026, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naima Oumeziane
- Abu Dhabi Blood Bank Services, SEHA, Abu Dhabi 109090, United Arab Emirates
| | - Omar El-Shahawy
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10595, USA
| | - Rami H. Al-Rifai
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Scott Sherman
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10595, USA
| | - Syed M. Shah
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tom Loney
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 505055, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael Almahmeed
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 112412, United Arab Emirates
| | - Youssef Idaghdour
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Luai A. Ahmed
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raghib Ali
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fojas EGF, Buckley AJ, Lessan N. Associations between neck circumference and markers of dysglycemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and dysmetabolism independent of Body Mass Index in an Emirati population. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:929724. [PMID: 36147574 PMCID: PMC9485482 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.929724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Neck circumference (NC) is quick and easy to measure and may be a useful surrogate marker for body composition. We investigated NC as a potential marker of dysglycemia, MetS, and NAFLD. METHODS 674 individuals were recruited at the Imperial College London Diabetes Centre in a study of sleep apnea prevalence. Of these, 547 (Age 46 ± 11.4 years, Body Mass Index (BMI) 31 ± 6 kg/m2, 279 (51%) female, 113 normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 108 Prediabetes, 326 Type 2 diabetes (T2DM)) met all inclusion criteria for analysis. NC was measured at the thyroid cartilage, and collar size was recorded. Analysis was performed using univariate and multivariate linear regression. RESULTS Adjusted for BMI, sex, and age, NC was 0.65 ± 0.3 cm greater in prediabetes (p = 0.0331), and 1.07 ± 0.28 cm greater in T2DM, compared with NGT (p = 0.0002). Adjusting for BMI, sex, and glycemic status, 1-cm increase in NC was associated with a 1.04 ± 1.01 U/L (p <0.0001) increase in ALT and, additionally, correcting for statin use, a 0.03 ± 0.01 mmol/L reduction in HDL (p <0.0001) and a 0.1 ± 0.02 increase in TC : HDL. A 1 cm increase in NC was associated with a 1.15 ± 1.02% (p <0.0001) increase in 10-year AHA cardiovascular risk in individuals over 40 years old and a 0.16 ± 0.02 (p <0.0001) increase in NAFLD fibrosis score. The neck circumference was associated with the hazard of new onset of deranged ALT adjusted for age, sex, glycemic status, and BMI (hazard ratio 1.076 (95% CI 1.015-1.14, p = 0.0131) and with the incidence of Fatty Liver Index associated with high probability of NAFLD (hazard ratio 1.153 (95% CI 1.019-1.304), p = 0.0239). CONCLUSION NC is associated with dysglycemia, components of the MetS, and factors predictive of NAFLD, but does not appear to independently predict subsequent progression to high risk of liver fibrosis in this predominantly diabetic population.
Collapse
|