1
|
Ali SN, Sultan A, Islam Z, Uzair MS, Almutairi MH, Alrefaei AF, Khan RU, Naz S, Ibiwoye DI. Influence of Different Levels of Ginger-Derived Liquid Protease on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Immune Organs and Gut pH in Broiler Chickens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2025. [PMID: 40387503 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2025] [Revised: 04/20/2025] [Accepted: 05/03/2025] [Indexed: 05/20/2025]
Abstract
This study assessed the effects of ginger-derived liquid protease (GDPE) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gut health, and histology in broiler chickens (n = 360) over 35 days in a completely randomized design. Four dietary treatments were provided: a control diet and three test groups with varying GDPE concentrations (0.25 ml/kg, 0.5 ml/kg, and 1 ml/kg). Results showed that GDPE supplementation, especially at 0.5 ml/kg (GDPE2) and 1 ml/kg (GDPE3), significantly (p < 0.05) improved feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage, and immune organ weights. The highest (p < 0.05) weight gain occurred in GDPE2, while the lowest (p < 0.05) feed intake was observed in GDPE3. Supplementing with GDPE also reduced (p < 0.05) gut pH and enhanced (p < 0.05) nutrient digestibility, particularly ether extract. Apparent metabolizable energy (AME) increased with GDPE supplementation, reaching its peak in GDPE3 (p < 0.05). Overall, 1 ml/kg GDPE improved growth, nutrient digestibility, immune function, and gut health in broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Nasar Ali
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Asad Sultan
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ziaul Islam
- Department of Basic and Applied Zoology, Shaheed Benazir Bhuttoo University Sheringal, Dir upper, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahkar Uzair
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mikhlid H Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rifat Ullah Khan
- Physiology Lab, College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shabana Naz
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Demilade Israel Ibiwoye
- Department: Prestage Department of Poultry Science, School: North Carolina State University, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chang S, Kwak W, Lee J, Kim S, Song D, An J, Park S, Jeon K, Kim H, Cho J. Effect of stimbiotic on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, oocyst shedding, blood profiles, and intestinal microbiota in necrotic enteritis-challenged broiler. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2390936. [PMID: 39150792 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2390936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of stimbiotic (STB) in broilers with necrotic enteritis (NE). A total of 180 one-day-old Arbor Acres (initial body weight of 34.81 ± 1.04 g) were used in this experiment for 32 days. All broilers were randomly allocated into six treatments, and each experimental group had 10 replicate cages with three broilers per cage. The experiment was conducted in a 2 × 3 factorial design consisting of two levels of challenge (challenge and non-challenge) and three levels of STB (0, 0.05, and 0.1%). The NE challenge significantly decreased (P < 0.05) growth performance, heterophil levels in blood, and intestinal lesion scores compared to the non-challenge group. Supplementation of 0.05% STB significantly decreased (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio and the number of oocysts per gram of feces compared to the supplementation of 0 and 0.1% STB. At the genus level, the supplementation of 0.05% STB significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the abundance of Enterobacterales compared to the other groups on d 32. In conclusion, supplementation with 0.05% STB in a diet could positively regulate the fecal microflora and alleviate the decline in growth performance and nutrient digestibility caused by NE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Chang
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woogi Kwak
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihwan Lee
- Swine Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonwoong Kim
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongcheol Song
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo An
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyun Park
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongho Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Cho
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Son J, Lee WD, Kim CH, Kim H, Hong EC, Kim HJ. Effect of Dietary Crude Protein Reduction Levels on Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Nitrogen Utilization, Blood Parameters, Meat Quality, and Welfare Index of Broilers in Welfare-Friendly Environments. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:3131. [PMID: 39518854 PMCID: PMC11545417 DOI: 10.3390/ani14213131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2024] [Revised: 10/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of feeding different levels of crude protein (CP) on broiler performance, blood characteristics, meat quality, nutrient and nitrogen (N) availability, stress levels, and welfare indicators in a welfare environment. A total of 625 eight-day-old male broilers were assigned to five dietary CP levels (control (CON) and 1-4% CP reductions) during the grower (8-21 days) and finisher (22-35 days) periods. The CON diet contained 20% CP in the grower phase and 19% in the finisher phase, while all birds received a 22% CP diet during the starter period (1-7 days). Intriguingly, reducing CP levels in the diet did not significantly affect growth performance. These results may be due to the adequate supplementation of essential amino acids in the diets of all treatments and the compensatory growth observed in the finisher phase. Low-CP diets reduced CP digestibility, N intake, and N excretion, while N retention efficiency improved (p < 0.001). Serum total protein (TP) levels decreased equally with decreasing CP in the diet, and the crude fat content in meat increased linearly (p < 0.01). The litter moisture content and pH decreased with lower CP levels, and the welfare indices (footpad dermatitis (FPD), serum corticosterone, etc.) improved (p < 0.01). In conclusion, an appropriate reduction in CP levels in their diet can enhance broiler welfare by reducing N excretion and improving litter quality without adversely affecting performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiseon Son
- Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25342, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Do Lee
- Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Ho Kim
- Animal Welfare Research Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Kim
- Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25342, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Chul Hong
- Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25342, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25342, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Olson EG, Dittoe DK, Chatman CC, Majumder ELW, Ricke SC. Campylobacter jejuni and casein hydrolysate addition: Impact on poultry in vitro cecal microbiota and metabolome. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303856. [PMID: 38787822 PMCID: PMC11125459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of casein hydrolysates on the poultry ceca inoculated with Campylobacter focusing on microbial molecular preferences for different protein sources in the presence of Campylobacter jejuni. Three casein sources (intact casein (IN), casein enzyme hydrolysate (EH), and casein acid hydrolysate (AH)) were introduced to cecal contents in combination with inoculated C. jejuni in an in vitro model system incubated for 48 h at 42°C under microaerophilic conditions. Samples were collected at 0, 24, and 48 h. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified using custom dual-indexed primers, followed by sequencing on an Illumina MiSeq platform. The obtained sequencing data were then analyzed via QIIME2-2021.11. Metabolite extracts were analyzed with ultra-high-performance liquid orbitrap chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS). Statistical analysis of metabolites was conducted using MetaboAnalyst 5.0, while functional analysis was performed using Mummichog 2.0 with a significance threshold set at P < 0.00001. DNA sequencing and metabolomic analyses revealed that C. jejuni was most abundant in the EH group. Microbial diversity and richness improved in casein supplemented groups, with core microbial differences observed, compared to non-supplemented groups. Vitamin B-associated metabolites significantly increased in the supplemented groups, displaying distinct patterns in vitamin B6 and B9 metabolism between EH and AH groups (P < 0.05). Faecalibacterium and Phascolarctobacterium were associated with AH and EH groups, respectively. These findings suggest microbial interactions in the presence of C. jejuni and casein supplementation are influenced by microbial community preferences for casein hydrolysates impacting B vitamin production and shaping competitive dynamics within the cecal microbial community. These findings underscore the potential of nutritional interventions to modulate the poultry GIT microbiota for improved health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. G. Olson
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - D. K. Dittoe
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - C. C. Chatman
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - E. L.-W. Majumder
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - S. C. Ricke
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Q, Zhang H, Jiang Y, Wang J, Wu D, Wu C, Che L, Lin Y, Zhuo Y, Luo Z, Nie K, Li J. Chromium propionate supplementation to energy- and protein-reduced diets reduces feed consumption but improves feed conversion ratio of yellow-feathered male broilers in the early period and improves meat quality. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103260. [PMID: 38096665 PMCID: PMC10762463 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Growth performance and carcass traits may be retarded by low nutrient density diets. Organic chromium propionate (CrProp) can improve growth, carcass traits, and meat quality in farmed lambs, white broilers, and fish. Limited data regarding CrProp's impacts on yellow-feathered broilers are available. Eight hundred yellow-feathered male broilers (1-day old) were randomly allocated to 4 dietary groups and reared for 56 d. The trial was a 2 (dietary nutrient density) ×2 (CrProp) factorial arrangement with 4 diets: regular nutrient diet and low nutrient density (LND, reduction in metabolizable energy by 81 kcal and crude protein by 0.43%) diet supplemented with or without 200 mg/kg CrProp. Broilers were euthanized at d 56 after blood collection. The results indicated that the LND diet led to greater average daily feed intake (ADFI) from d 1 to 42 and feed conversion ratio (FCR) from d 22 to 42 (P < 0.05). Supplementation of CrProp improved body weight (BW) from d 1 to 56, average daily gain (ADG), and FCR during d 1 to 42 but reduced ADFI during d 1 to 21, as well as lowered abdominal fat percentage (P < 0.05). Supplementation with CrProp to regular and LND diets reduced ADFI but improved FCR from d 1 to 21 (P < 0.05). The LND diet lowered total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) concentration and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in the jejunal mucosa. CrProp elevated T-AOC levels and glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH-Px, P < 0.05). Dietary CrProp upregulated (P < 0.05) the expression of fatty acid transporter (FABP1) gene and peptide transporter (Pept1) gene. CrProp administration increased jejunal FABP1 expression and lowered cooking loss of breast meat (P < 0.05) in the LND group while reducing shear force (P = 0.009) of broilers treated by regular diet. In summary, CrProp administration to the LND diet can improve growth performance in the starter period and meat quality on d 56, possibly through upregulated nutrient transporter gene expression in the jejunum and enhanced antioxidant capability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Animal Resources and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yukun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - De Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Caimei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zheng Luo
- Kemin (China) Technologies Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China
| | - Kangkang Nie
- Kemin (China) Technologies Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sta. Cruz BG, Yu M, Oketch EO, Nawarathne SR, Chathuranga NC, Maniraguha V, Seo E, Lee J, Park H, Yun H, Lee D, Heo JM. A study of solely used phytase or in combination with multi-carbohydrase on growth performance along with tibia mineralization, and carcass traits in broilers fed nutrient-deficient diets. J Anim Sci 2024; 102:skae299. [PMID: 39367522 PMCID: PMC11503210 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skae299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of phytase alone and in combination with multi-carbohydrase in available phosphorus (AP) and energy-deficient diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, tibia traits, and carcass quality of broilers. A total of 288 1-d-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly assigned to one of 6 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design, with each treatment having 6 replicates and 8 birds per cage. The treatments were as follows: 1) positive control with adequate nutrition (PC); 2) 0.20% AP-deficient diet without phytase (NC-1); 3) 0.25% AP-deficient diet without phytase (NC-2); 4) NC-1 diet plus 500 FTU/kg phytase (NCP-1); 5) NC-2 diet plus 750 FTU/kg phytase (NCP-2); and 6) NC-2 with 100 kcal/kg ME deficient diet plus 1,000 FTU/kg phytase and multi-carbohydrase: 2,200 U/kg galactomannanase, 30,000 U/kg xylanase, 22,000 U/kg β-glucanase, and 700 U/kg α-galactosidase (NCPM). Broilers in the PC group and those fed enzyme-supplemented diets exhibited greater (P < 0.05) growth performance in terms of body weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio, along with enhanced tibia mineralization through the ash, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) composition, and tibia breaking strength compared to NC diets throughout the study. Among the treatments, broilers assigned to the NCPM group showed greater (P < 0.05) levels of energy and P digestibility on days 21 and 35. Concerning carcass characteristics, the leg meat yield was greater (P < 0.05) in broilers fed the NCP-2 diet compared to all other treatments on days 21 and 35. Supplementation of phytase at doses of 500 FTU/kg and 750 FTU/kg effectively recovers AP deficiencies of 0.20% and 0.25%, respectively, in broiler diets without compromising the growth performance of broilers. Additionally, combining multi-carbohydrase and phytase led to AP and energy loss recovery, which improved tibia mineralization and nutrient digestibility through their synergistic interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette G Sta. Cruz
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghwan Yu
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Elijah O Oketch
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Shan R Nawarathne
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuwan C Chathuranga
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Venuste Maniraguha
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsoo Seo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeseok Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeeun Park
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Dohoon Lee
- Biogenoci Co., Ltd., Suwon 16614, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Min Heo
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen X, Zhang GM, Wang WW, Liu GH, Cai HY, Purba A, Zheng AJ. Compound non-starch polysaccharide enzymes improve growth performance, slaughter performance, immune function, and apparent utilization rate of nutrients in broiler chickens fed a low-metabolizable energy diet. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1162811. [PMID: 37303727 PMCID: PMC10249433 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1162811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of compound non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) enzymes on growth performance, slaughter performance, immune function, and apparent utilization of nutrients in broiler chickens fed a low-metabolizable energy diet. A total of 240 healthy 1-day-old AA broilers (Arbor Acres, 47.2 ± 0.31 g) were randomly divided into four treatment groups, each with six replicate groups and 10 broilers per replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet; the EL-H group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg compound NSP enzyme, including β-mannanase 5,000 IU/g, β-glucanase 2000 IU/g, xylanase 10,000 IU/g, and cellulase 500 IU/g. The EL-M group was fed the basal diet with 50 kcal/kg metabolizable energy removed, supplemented with 200 mg/kg compound NSP enzyme. Finally, the EL-L group was fed the basal diet with 100 kcal/kg metabolizable energy removed, supplemented with 200 mg/kg compound NSP enzyme. The results showed that feeding with a low-metabolizable energy diet supplemented with compound NSP enzymes did not significantly affect the growth performance of broilers (p > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the abdominal fat rate of broilers in the EL-L group was significantly reduced, and that of broilers in the EL-M group was significantly increased (p < 0.05). Apparent utilization of dry matter, crude protein, and energy in the diet was lower in the control group than in the EL-L group, but significantly higher in the control group than in the EL-H group (p < 0.05). In addition, apparent utilization of crude fiber was significantly increased in the EL-H, EL-M, and EL-L groups compared with the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this experiment showed that the addition of 200 mg/kg compound NSP enzyme enabled maintenance of the normal growth and development of broiler chickens fed a low-metabolizable energy diet (replacing 50-100 kcal/kg metabolizable energy). This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of the compound NSP enzyme in broiler chickens.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Q, Li J, Wang J, Nie K, Luo Z, Xu S, Lin Y, Feng B, Zhuo Y, Hua L, Che L. Effects of lysophospholipids and multi-enzymes on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal health, and cecal microflora of male cherry valley ducks. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad361. [PMID: 37870076 PMCID: PMC10629945 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Improvement of nutrient utilization to promote growth performance is always pursued in poultry. In this study, a total of 360 1-d-old male ducklings was randomly assigned to 3 treatments in terms of diet treatment groups. Three treatments were as follows: basal diet (Con group) or basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg multi-enzymes (ENZ group) or 500 mg/kg lysophospholipids (LPL group). On day 42, ducks were slaughtered for samplings. The results revealed that supplementary LPL improved the body weight (BW) at day 14 and average daily gain (ADG) during days 1 to 14 and improved the feed conversion rate (FCR) for the overall period (P < 0.05) by improving nutrient utilization of dry matter and ether extract (P < 0.05) compared with the Con group. Dietary ENZ improved the FCR from days 15-42 and 1-42, and nitrogen utilization (P < 0.05) compared with the Con group. Jejunal villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio were higher (P < 0.05) in the LPL group and tended to be higher (P < 0.1) in the ENZ group compared to the Con group. Supplementation with either LPL or ENZ reduced interleukin-1β concentration in jejunal mucus (P < 0.05). Both LPL and ENZ enhanced serum total superoxide dismutase activity (P < 0.05), whereas only supplementation with LPL elevated total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05). In terms of cecal microbiota, microbial richness tended to be reduced by LPL, with low observed-OTUs and Chao1 (0.05 < P < 0.1). Supplementation with ENZ led to higher abundances of cellulolytic bacteria such as Fibrobacterota, [Eubacterium]_xylanophilum_group, and Bifidobacterium. Overall, both LPL and ENZ improved FCR, which may be relevant to ameliorative intestinal health, overall antioxidant ability, and cecal microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Department of Animal Resources and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, South Korea
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Kangkang Nie
- Kemin (China) Technologies Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China
| | - Zheng Luo
- Kemin (China) Technologies Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lun Hua
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|