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Kasanga M, Shempela DM, Daka V, Mwikisa MJ, Sikalima J, Chanda D, Mudenda S. Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from clinical and environmental samples: findings and implications. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2024; 6:dlae061. [PMID: 38680604 PMCID: PMC11055401 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlae061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The overuse and misuse of antimicrobials has worsened the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) globally. This study investigated the AMR profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from clinical and environmental samples in Lusaka, Zambia. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted from February 2023 to June 2023 using 450 samples. VITEK® 2 Compact was used to identify E. coli and perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Data analysis was done using WHONET 2022 and SPSS version 25.0. Results Of the 450 samples, 66.7% (n = 300) were clinical samples, whereas 33.3% (n = 150) were environmental samples. Overall, 47.8% (n = 215) (37.8% clinical and 10% environmental) tested positive for E. coli. Of the 215 E. coli isolates, 66.5% were MDR and 42.8% were ESBL-producers. Most isolates were resistant to ampicillin (81.4%), sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (70.7%), ciprofloxacin (67.9%), levofloxacin (64.6%), ceftriaxone (62.3%) and cefuroxime (62%). Intriguingly, E. coli isolates were highly susceptible to amikacin (100%), imipenem (99.5%), nitrofurantoin (89.3%), ceftolozane/tazobactam (82%) and gentamicin (72.1%). Conclusions This study found a high resistance of E. coli to some antibiotics that are commonly used in humans. The isolation of MDR and ESBL-producing E. coli is a public health concern and requires urgent action. Therefore, there is a need to instigate and strengthen interventional strategies including antimicrobial stewardship programmes to combat AMR in Zambia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisa Kasanga
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Doreen Mainza Shempela
- Laboratory Department, Churches Health Association of Zambia, CHAZ COMPLEX Meanwood Drive (off Great East Road), Plot No. 2882/B/5/10, P.O. Box 34511, JC9H+VFF, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Victor Daka
- Public Health Department, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia
| | - Mark J Mwikisa
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Lusaka Trust Hospital, Plot 2191, H8CC+52F, Nsumbu Rd, Woodlands, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Jay Sikalima
- Laboratory Department, Churches Health Association of Zambia, CHAZ COMPLEX Meanwood Drive (off Great East Road), Plot No. 2882/B/5/10, P.O. Box 34511, JC9H+VFF, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Duncan Chanda
- Adult Centre of Excellence, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Steward Mudenda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
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Mak PHW, Rehman MA, Kiarie EG, Topp E, Diarra MS. Production systems and important antimicrobial resistant-pathogenic bacteria in poultry: a review. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:148. [PMID: 36514172 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Economic losses and market constraints caused by bacterial diseases such as colibacillosis due to avian pathogenic Escherichia coli and necrotic enteritis due to Clostridium perfringens remain major problems for poultry producers, despite substantial efforts in prevention and control. Antibiotics have been used not only for the treatment and prevention of such diseases, but also for growth promotion. Consequently, these practices have been linked to the selection and spread of antimicrobial resistant bacteria which constitute a significant global threat to humans, animals, and the environment. To break down the antimicrobial resistance (AMR), poultry producers are restricting the antimicrobial use (AMU) while adopting the antibiotic-free (ABF) and organic production practices to satisfy consumers' demands. However, it is not well understood how ABF and organic poultry production practices influence AMR profiles in the poultry gut microbiome. Various Gram-negative (Salmonella enterica serovars, Campylobacter jejuni/coli, E. coli) and Gram-positive (Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and C. perfringens) bacteria harboring multiple AMR determinants have been reported in poultry including organically- and ABF-raised chickens. In this review, we discussed major poultry production systems (conventional, ABF and organic) and their impacts on AMR in some potential pathogenic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria which could allow identifying issues and opportunities to develop efficient and safe production practices in controlling pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip H W Mak
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, ON, Canada.,Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Muhammad Attiq Rehman
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Elijah G Kiarie
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Edward Topp
- London Research and Development Center, AAFC, London, ON, Canada
| | - Moussa S Diarra
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, ON, Canada.
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Boronowsky RD, Zhang AW, Stecher C, Presley K, Mathur MB, Cleveland DA, Garnett E, Wharton C, Brown D, Meier A, Wang M, Braverman I, Jay JA. Plant-based default nudges effectively increase the sustainability of catered meals on college campuses: Three randomized controlled trials. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1001157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundLiterature suggests limiting consumption of animal products is key to reducing emissions and adverse planetary impacts. However, influencing dietary behavior to achieve planetary health targets remains a formidable problem.ObjectiveWe investigated the effect of changing the default meal option at catered events–from meat to plant-based–on participants' meal choices using three parallel-group, balanced, randomized controlled trials (RCT), and use these experimental results to project differences in plant-based default vs. meat default events on greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) (kg CO2 − eq), land use (m2), nitrogen (g N), and phosphorus (g P) footprint.MethodsData collection was performed at three catered events (n = 280) across two college campuses. The selected experimental sites used convenience sampling. Events consisted of a graduate orientation, sorority dinner, and academic conference. Eligibility of individual participants included being 18 years or older and an invitation to RSVP for an enrolled event. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the control group received a RSVP form that presented a meat meal as the default catering option; whereas the intervention group received a form that presented a plant-based meal as the default. The primary outcome of interest in each group was the proportion of participants who selected plant-based meals. To explore environmental impacts, we modeled the footprints of four hypothetical meals. Using these meals and RCT results, the impact (GHGE, land use, nitrogen, phosphorus) of two hypothetical 100-person events was calculated and compared.ResultsIn all, participants assigned to the plant-based default were 3.52 (95% CI: [2.44, 5.09]) times more likely to select plant-based meals than those assigned to the meat default. Using these results, a comparison of hypothetical events serving modeled meat-based and plant-based meals showed a reduction of up to 42.3% in GHGEs as well as similar reductions in land use (41.8%), nitrogen (38.9%), and phosphorus (42.7%).ConclusionResults demonstrated plant-based default menu options are effective, providing a low-effort, high-impact way to decrease consumption of animal products in catered events. These interventions can reduce planetary impact while maintaining participant choice.
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Songsri J, Mala W, Wisessombat S, Siritham K, Cheha S, Noisa N, Wongtawan T, Klangbud WK. First isolation of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 from sports animals in Southern Thailand. Vet World 2022; 15:2275-2284. [PMID: 36341074 PMCID: PMC9631374 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2275-2284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is enterohemorrhagic E. coli, which produces verocytotoxin or Shiga toxin. It is a well-known cause of severe diseases in humans worldwide. Cattle and other ruminants are the main reservoirs of this organism. Sports animals, such as fighting bulls, riding horses, and fighting cocks, are economic animals in Southern Thailand. This study aimed to identify E. coli O157:H7 from the rectal swabs of these sports animals and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolated bacteria. Materials and Methods: The rectal swabs were collected from 34 fighting bulls, 32 riding horses, and 31 fighting cocks. The swabs were cultured on MacConkey (MAC) Agar; the suspected colonies were then identified by VITEK® 2 GN card, and the antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by VITEK® 2 AST N194 in VITEK® 2 Compact automation. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was confirmed by culturing on sorbitol MAC agar, the ability to grow at 44°C, and the presence of H7 antigen. In addition, the eaeA (E. coli attaching and effacing), along with stx1 and stx2 (Shiga cytotoxins) genes, were determined using polymerase chain reaction. Finally, the cytotoxicity of Shiga toxin was confirmed using the Vero cytotoxicity test. Results: Fifty-five suspected isolates (56.70%), which were collected from 19 fighting bulls (55.88%), 13 riding horses (40.63%), and 23 fighting cocks (71.13%), were identified as E. coli. However, one sample (Bull H9/1) from fighting bulls had an equal confidence level (50%) for E. coli and E. coli O157. The confirmation of this isolate demonstrated that it was sorbitol non-fermenter, could assimilate L-lactate, was unable to grow well at 44°C, and reacted with anti-serum to H7 antigen. In addition, it was positive with stx2 and eaeA genes, and the toxin affected Vero cells by a dose-dependent response. The antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed that five out of 55 (9.09%) E. coli isolates were resistant to antimicrobial agents. All five isolates (21.74%) were collected from fighting cocks. Escherichia coli Cock H4/3 was only one of the five isolates resistant to three antimicrobial agents (ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole). Fortunately, it was not multidrug-resistant bacteria. Conclusion: This is the first report on detection of E. coli O157:H7 in fighting bulls and antibiotic-resistant characteristic of E. coli in fighting cocks in Southern Thailand. This research is beneficial in preventing the dissemination of E. coli O157:H7 or antimicrobial agent-resistant E. coli in sports animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirarat Songsri
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand; Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
| | - Wanida Mala
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand; Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
| | - Sueptrakool Wisessombat
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand; Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
| | - Kesinee Siritham
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
| | - Sahida Cheha
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
| | - Nattita Noisa
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
| | - Tuempong Wongtawan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine , Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
| | - Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand; Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
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Banaszak M, Biesek J, Adamski M. Growth performance and meat quality from broiler chickens reared with zeolite and halloysite in feed and straw pellet. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13649. [PMID: 34716960 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The study's aim was to analyze the effects of different levels of halloysite (H) and zeolite (Z) in feed and pellets on the growth and meat quality in chickens; 500 Ross 308 broilers were assigned to five groups (1 g, control; 2-5 g, experimental). In Groups 2-5, different proportions of Z and H in feed (25:75 ratio; 0.5% to 2%) and pellet in kg/m2 (2, 0.650H; 3, 0.325H and 0.325Z; 4, 0.650Z; 5, 0.160H and 0.490Z) were used. Body weight was higher than 1 in all experimental groups, and carcass weight was higher, except for Group 2. The feed consumption was lower in Groups 3 and 5 than in Group 4. The breast muscle weight was higher in Group 3 than in the control group. In Groups 2, 3, and 5, the water holding capacity in the breast muscles was better than in Group 4 and in the leg muscles in Groups 3 and 4 than in Groups 1 and 5. Most of the tested characteristics indicate a beneficial effect of aluminosilicates in feed and litter on the growth and quality of meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Banaszak
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jakub Biesek
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marek Adamski
- Department of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Kadam AA, Sharma B, Shinde SK, Ghodake GS, Saratale GD, Saratale RG, Kim DY, Sung JS. Thiolation of Chitosan Loaded over Super-Magnetic Halloysite Nanotubes for Enhanced Laccase Immobilization. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2560. [PMID: 33419305 PMCID: PMC7766806 DOI: 10.3390/nano10122560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the development of a nanosupport based on halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs), and thiolated chitosan (CTs) for laccase immobilization. First, HNTs were modified with Fe3O4 NPs (HNTs-Fe3O4) by the coprecipitation method. Then, the HNTs-Fe3O4 surface was tuned with the CTs (HNTs-Fe3O4-CTs) by a simple refluxing method. Finally, the HNTs- Fe3O4-CTs surface was thiolated (-SH) (denoted as; HNTs- Fe3O4-CTs-SH) by using the reactive NHS-ester reaction. The thiol-modified HNTs (HNTs- Fe3O4-CTs-SH) were characterized by FE-SEM, HR-TEM, XPS, XRD, FT-IR, and VSM analyses. The HNTs-Fe3O4-CTs-SH was applied for the laccase immobilization. It gave excellent immobilization of laccase with 100% activity recovery and 144 mg/g laccase loading capacity. The immobilized laccase on HNTs-Fe3O4-CTs-SH (HNTs-Fe3O4-CTs-S-S-Laccase) exhibited enhanced biocatalytic performance with improved thermal, storage, and pH stabilities. HNTs-Fe3O4-CTs-S-S-Laccase gave outstanding repeated cycle capability, at the end of the 15th cycle, it kept 61% of the laccase activity. Furthermore, HNTs-Fe3O4-CTs-S-S-Laccase was applied for redox-mediated removal of textile dye DR80 and pharmaceutical compound ampicillin. The obtained result marked the potential of the HNTs-Fe3O4-CTs-S-S-Laccase for the removal of hazardous pollutants. This nanosupport is based on clay mineral HNTs, made from low-cost biopolymer CTs, super-magnetic in nature, and can be applied in laccase-based decontamination of environmental pollutants. This study also gave excellent material HNTs-Fe3O4-CTs-SH for other enzyme immobilization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash A. Kadam
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Seoul 10326, Korea; (A.A.K.); (R.G.S.)
| | - Bharat Sharma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Academy Road Yeonsu, Incheon, Seoul 22012, Korea;
| | - Surendra K. Shinde
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggido, Seoul 10326, Korea; (S.K.S.); (G.S.G.)
| | - Gajanan S. Ghodake
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggido, Seoul 10326, Korea; (S.K.S.); (G.S.G.)
| | - Ganesh D. Saratale
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Seoul 10326, Korea;
| | - Rijuta G. Saratale
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Seoul 10326, Korea; (A.A.K.); (R.G.S.)
| | - Do-Yeong Kim
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Seoul 10326, Korea; (A.A.K.); (R.G.S.)
| | - Jung-Suk Sung
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggido, Seoul 10326, Korea
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