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Liu Y, Zhai Y, Jiang C, Liu H, Li Z, Yuan Y, Song J, Yuan S. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized companion animals in China in 2022-23. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2025; 7:dlaf007. [PMID: 39877078 PMCID: PMC11772556 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlaf007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2025] [Indexed: 01/31/2025] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this study, bacteria isolated from companion animals in China were taxonomically identified and assessed for antimicrobial susceptibility to evaluate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pets. Methods From October 2022 to October 2023, 5468 samples were collected from pets, predominantly from cats and dogs, in China, of which 5253 bacterial strains were identified (>98%). Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using the VITEK 2 COMPACT system and the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results The most common bacterial species were Escherichia coli (14.5%) and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (13.6%). E. coli exhibited high resistance to ampicillin and cefpodoxime (56.8%-73.2%) but moderate resistance to doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, and amoxicillin-clavulanate (18.1%-38.5%). Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. were resistance to several antimicrobials (32.2%-57.7%). High susceptibility to imipenem was noted in Proteus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Acinetobacter spp. (91.7%-94.1%). Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp. demonstrated higher resistance than coagulase-negative strains. Enterococcus faecium showed greater resistance to some antimicrobials compared with E. faecalis. Streptococcus spp. exhibited low resistance to enrofloxacin (1.6%) and penicillin (1.1%). Conclusions The study demonstrates that AMR is widespread in companion animals in China, emphasizing the need for continuous surveillance. The accumulation of commercial antimicrobial susceptibility data can improve understanding of AMR and promote more effective antimicrobial stewardship and clinical practices in veterinary medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Zoetis Reference Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimeng Zhai
- Zoetis Reference Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Huan Liu
- Zoetis Reference Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Zoetis Reference Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafang Yuan
- Zoetis Reference Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Shuai Yuan
- Zoetis Reference Laboratory, Shanghai, China
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Wang D, Ji X, Jiang B, Yuan Y, Liang B, Sun S, Zhu L, Liu J, Guo X, Yin Y, Sun Y. Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Genes in Escherichia coli Carried by Migratory Birds on the Inner Mongolia Plateau of Northern China from 2018 to 2023. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1076. [PMID: 38930458 PMCID: PMC11205581 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is an urgent global threat to public health. Migratory birds can acquire antibiotic-resistant and pathogenic bacteria from the environment or through contact with each other and spread them over long distances. The objectives of this study were to explore the relationship between migratory birds and the transmission of drug-resistant pathogenic Escherichia coli. (2) Methods: Faeces and swab samples from migratory birds were collected for isolating E. coli on the Inner Mongolia Plateau of northern China from 2018 to 2023. The resistant phenotypes and spectra of isolates were determined using a BD Phoenix 100 System. Conjugation assays were performed on extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains, and the genomes of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and ESBL-producing isolates were sequenced and analysed. (3) Results: Overall, 179 isolates were antibiotic-resistant, with 49.7% MDR and 14.0% ESBL. Plasmids were successfully transferred from 32% of ESBL-producing strains. Genome sequencing analysis of 91 MDR E. coli strains identified 57 acquired resistance genes of 13 classes, and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli and avian pathogenic E. coli accounted for 26.4% and 9.9%, respectively. There were 52 serotypes and 54 sequence types (STs), including ST48 (4.4%), ST69 (4.4%), ST131 (2.2%) and ST10 (2.2%). The international high-risk clonal strains ST131 and ST10 primarily carried blaCTX-M-27 and blaTEM-176. (4) Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant virulent E. coli in migratory birds on the Inner Mongolian Plateau. This indicates a risk of intercontinental transmission from migratory birds to livestock and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danhong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China;
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130121, China; (X.J.); (B.J.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (X.G.)
| | - Xue Ji
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130121, China; (X.J.); (B.J.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130121, China
| | - Bowen Jiang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130121, China; (X.J.); (B.J.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130121, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130121, China; (X.J.); (B.J.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130121, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130121, China; (X.J.); (B.J.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130121, China
| | - Shiwen Sun
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130121, China; (X.J.); (B.J.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130121, China
| | - Lingwei Zhu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130121, China; (X.J.); (B.J.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130121, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130121, China; (X.J.); (B.J.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130121, China
| | - Xuejun Guo
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130121, China; (X.J.); (B.J.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130121, China
| | - Yuhe Yin
- School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China;
| | - Yang Sun
- Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130121, China; (X.J.); (B.J.); (Y.Y.); (B.L.); (S.S.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (X.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun 130121, China
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Zelaya C, Arriagada G, Galarce N, Sanchez F, Escobar B, Miranda M, Vilches R, Varela C, Ríos MP, Matus S, Sáenz L, Cornejo J, Lapierre L. A preliminary report on critical antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, and Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from healthy dogs in Chile during 2021-2022. Prev Vet Med 2024; 224:106139. [PMID: 38341943 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) represents one of the main current threats to global public health; where production animals, companion animals, humans, and the environment play a significant role in its dissemination. However, little attention has been given to companion animals as reservoirs and disseminators of relevant antimicrobial resistant bacteria, especially in South American countries such as Chile. For this reason, this research aimed to estimate the prevalence of AMR to different critical antibiotics at a screening level in commensal bacteria such as E. coli and Enterococcus spp., isolated from healthy pet dogs in the Metropolitan Region of Chile, studying their geographical distribution and evaluating associations of phenotypic resistance to different antibiotics. Thus, in E. coli we detected AMR to all critical drugs assessed, including 34.1% to amoxicillin, 20.1% to colistin, 15.7% to enrofloxacin, and 9.2% to cefotaxime. On the other hand, AMR prevalence in E. faecalis was 8.1% for ampicillin and 3.4% for vancomycin; while for E. faecium the AMR prevalence was 19.1% for ampicillin and 10.2% for vancomycin. Additionally, significant differences in prevalence of the different possible AMR were detected according to their geographical distribution, suggesting the existence of various risk factors and stressing the need to establish mitigation measures specific to the differences identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Zelaya
- Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Sciences, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Gabriel Arriagada
- Institute of Agri-food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de O'Higgins, Chile
| | - Nicolás Galarce
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Andrés Bello University, Chile
| | - Fernando Sanchez
- Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Sciences, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Beatriz Escobar
- Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Sciences, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Mauricio Miranda
- Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Sciences, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Rocío Vilches
- Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Sciences, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Camila Varela
- Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Sciences, University of Chile, Chile
| | - María Paz Ríos
- Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Sciences, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Sofia Matus
- Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Sciences, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Leonardo Sáenz
- Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Sciences, University of Chile, Chile
| | - Javiera Cornejo
- Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Sciences, University of Chile, Chile.
| | - Lisette Lapierre
- Faculty of Veterinary and Livestock Sciences, University of Chile, Chile.
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Yuan Y, Hu Y, Zhang X, Zhong W, Pan S, Wang L, Zhou Z, Liu H, Zhang S, Peng G, Wang Y, Yan Q, Luo Y, Shi K, Zhong Z. Characteristics of MDR E. coli strains isolated from Pet Dogs with clinic diarrhea: A pool of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence-associated genes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298053. [PMID: 38416699 PMCID: PMC10901357 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing number of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria in companion animals poses a threat to both pet treatment and public health. To investigate the characteristics of MDR Escherichia coli (E. coli) from dogs, we detected the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of 135 E. coli isolates from diarrheal pet dogs by disc diffusion method (K-B method), and screened antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), virulence-associated genes (VAGs), and population structure (phylogenetic groups and MLST) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for 74 MDR strains, then further analyzed the association between AMRs and ARGs or VAGs. Our results showed that 135 isolates exhibited high resistance to AMP (71.11%, 96/135), TET (62.22%, 84/135), and SXT (59.26%, 80/135). Additionally, 54.81% (74/135) of the isolates were identified as MDR E. coli. In 74 MDR strains, a total of 12 ARGs in 6 categories and 14 VAGs in 4 categories were observed, of which tetA (95.95%, 71/74) and fimC (100%, 74/74) were the most prevalent. Further analysis of associations between ARGs and AMRs or VAGs in MDR strains revealed 23 significant positive associated pairs were observed between ARGs and AMRs, while only 5 associated pairs were observed between ARGs and VAGs (3 positive associated pairs and 2 negative associated pairs). Results of population structure analysis showed that B2 and D groups were the prevalent phylogroups (90.54%, 67/74), and 74 MDR strains belonged to 42 STs (6 clonal complexes and 23 singletons), of which ST10 was the dominant lineage. Our findings indicated that MDR E. coli from pet dogs carry a high diversity of ARGs and VAGs, and were mostly belong to B2/D groups and ST10. Measures should be taken to prevent the transmission of MDR E. coli between companion animals and humans, as the fecal shedding of MDR E. coli from pet dogs may pose a threat to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Wenhao Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Shulei Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Liqin Wang
- The Chengdu Zoo, Institute of Wild Animals, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Qigui Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Keyun Shi
- Jiangsu Yixing People’s Hospital, Yixing, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
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Salman S, Umar Z, Xiao Y. Current epidemiologic features and health dynamics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in China. BIOSAFETY AND HEALTH 2024; 6:40-49. [PMID: 40078307 PMCID: PMC11895021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) are widespread in China, with occurrences documented in humans, animals, and the environment. The dissemination of ESBL-producing E. coli is likely facilitated by the widespread use of antibiotics in human and animal agriculture, the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs) in animal feces, and close human-animal interactions. Plasmids, particularly those belonging to incompatibility (Inc) group, such as IncF, IncI, and IncH families, play a vital role in facilitating the horizontal gene transfer of ESBL genes across various sectors, from humans to animals and the environment. IS26 and IS1 elements also significantly influences the mobilization and evolution of antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs), contributing to the spread of ESBL-producing E. coli. bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-15, and bla CTX-M-55 are prevalent in ESBL-producing E. coli across the three domains and are often found in conjunction with other ARGs. Considering these challenges, it is imperative to take proactive measures to prevent the further spread of ARBs. This includes the judicious and responsible use of antibiotics and efforts to minimize contact with animal feces. Sector-specific strategies should be developed to effectively educate and engage relevant personnel in tackling this multifaceted problem. These efforts are vital to combat the dissemination of ESBL-producing E. coli and preserve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed Salman
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Zeeshan Umar
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 510000, China
| | - Yonghong Xiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Marco-Fuertes A, Marin C, Gimeno-Cardona C, Artal-Muñoz V, Vega S, Montoro-Dasi L. Multidrug-Resistant Commensal and Infection-Causing Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Companion Animals in the Valencia Region. Vet Sci 2024; 11:54. [PMID: 38393072 PMCID: PMC10891909 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and multidrug resistance (MDR) among microorganisms to commonly used antibiotics is a growing concern in both human and veterinary medicine. Companion animals play a significant role in the epidemiology of AMR, as their population is continuously increasing, posing a risk of disseminating AMR, particularly to strains of public health importance, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus strains. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of AMR and MDR in commensal and infection-causing Staphylococcus spp. in dogs and cats in Valencia region. For this purpose, 271 samples were taken from veterinary centers to assess antimicrobial susceptibility against 20 antibiotics, including some of the most important antibiotics for the treatment of Staphylococcus infections, including the five last resort antibiotics in this list. Of all the samples, 187 Staphylococcus spp. strains were recovered from asymptomatic and skin-diseased dogs and cats, of which S. pseudintermedius (≈60%) was more prevalent in dogs, while S. felis (≈50%) was more prevalent in cats. In the overall analysis of the isolates, AMR was observed for all antibiotics tested, including those crucial in human medicine. Furthermore, over 70% and 30% of the strains in dogs and cats, respectively, exhibited MDR. This study highlights the significance of monitoring the trends in AMR and MDR among companion animals. The potential contribution of these animals to the dissemination of AMR and its resistance genes to humans, other animals, and their shared environment underscores the necessity for adopting a One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marco-Fuertes
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Calle Santiago Ramón y Cajal 20, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.-F.); (C.M.)
| | - Clara Marin
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Calle Santiago Ramón y Cajal 20, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.-F.); (C.M.)
| | - Concepción Gimeno-Cardona
- Servicio de Microbiología, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Violeta Artal-Muñoz
- Servicio de Microbiología, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Santiago Vega
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Calle Santiago Ramón y Cajal 20, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.-F.); (C.M.)
| | - Laura Montoro-Dasi
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Calle Santiago Ramón y Cajal 20, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.-F.); (C.M.)
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Huang J, Lv C, Li M, Rahman T, Chang YF, Guo X, Song Z, Zhao Y, Li Q, Ni P, Zhu Y. Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli exhibit diverse spatiotemporal epidemiological characteristics across the globe. Commun Biol 2024; 7:51. [PMID: 38184739 PMCID: PMC10771496 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) poses a severe global public health risk. This study reveals the worldwide geographic spreading patterns and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of resistance genes in 7918 CREC isolates belonging to 497 sequence types (ST) and originating from 75 countries. In the last decade, there has been a transition in the prevailing STs from highly virulent ST131 and ST38 to higher antibiotic-resistant ST410 and ST167. The rise of multi-drug resistant strains of CREC carrying plasmids with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) resistance genes could be attributed to three important instances of host-switching events. The spread of CREC was associated with the changing trends in blaNDM-5, blaKPC-2, and blaOXA-48, as well as the plasmids IncFI, IncFII, and IncI. There were intercontinental geographic transfers of major CREC strains. Various crucial transmission hubs and patterns have been identified for ST131 in the United Kingdom, Italy, the United States, and China, ST167 in India, France, Egypt, and the United States, and ST410 in Thailand, Israel, the United Kingdom, France, and the United States. This work is valuable in managing CREC infections and preventing CREC occurrence and transmission inside healthcare settings and among diverse hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiewen Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Health Science and Technology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Lv
- Department of Animal Health and Food Safety, School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Animal Health and Food Safety, School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tanvir Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Yung-Fu Chang
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Xiaokui Guo
- Department of Animal Health and Food Safety, School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Health Science and Technology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Health Science and Technology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingtian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Health Science and Technology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peihua Ni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Health Science and Technology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yongzhang Zhu
- Department of Animal Health and Food Safety, School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Moon BY, Ali MS, Kwon DH, Heo YE, Hwang YJ, Kim JI, Lee YJ, Yoon SS, Moon DC, Lim SK. Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Dogs and Cats in South Korea, 2020-2022. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 13:27. [PMID: 38247586 PMCID: PMC10812631 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in companion animals poses public health hazards globally. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profiles and patterns of commensal E. coli strains obtained from fecal samples of healthy dogs and cats in South Korea between 2020 and 2022. In total, 843 E. coli isolates (dogs, n = 637, and cats, n = 206) were assessed for susceptibility to 20 antimicrobials. The resistance rates of the most tested antimicrobials were significantly higher in dog than in cat isolates. Cefalexin (68.9%) demonstrated the highest resistance rates, followed by ampicillin (38.3%), tetracycline (23.1%), and cefazolin (18.7%). However, no or very low resistance (0-0.6%) to amikacin, imipenem, piperacillin, and colistin was found in both dog and cat isolates. Overall, 42.3% of the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR). MDR in isolates from dogs (34.9%) was significantly higher than in those from cats (20.9%). The main components of the resistance patterns were cefalexin and ampicillin in both dog and cat isolates. Additionally, MDR patterns in isolates from dogs (29.2%) and cats (16%) were shown to encompass five or more antimicrobials. Multidrug-resistant commensal E. coli could potentially be spread to humans or other animals through clonal or zoonotic transmission. Therefore, the incidence of antimicrobial resistance in companion animals highlights the urgent need to restrict antimicrobial resistance and ensure the prudent use of antimicrobials in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Youn Moon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.-Y.M.); (M.S.A.); (D.-H.K.); (Y.-E.H.); (Y.-J.H.); (J.-I.K.); (Y.J.L.); (S.-S.Y.)
| | - Md. Sekendar Ali
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.-Y.M.); (M.S.A.); (D.-H.K.); (Y.-E.H.); (Y.-J.H.); (J.-I.K.); (Y.J.L.); (S.-S.Y.)
| | - Dong-Hyeon Kwon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.-Y.M.); (M.S.A.); (D.-H.K.); (Y.-E.H.); (Y.-J.H.); (J.-I.K.); (Y.J.L.); (S.-S.Y.)
| | - Ye-Eun Heo
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.-Y.M.); (M.S.A.); (D.-H.K.); (Y.-E.H.); (Y.-J.H.); (J.-I.K.); (Y.J.L.); (S.-S.Y.)
| | - Yu-Jeong Hwang
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.-Y.M.); (M.S.A.); (D.-H.K.); (Y.-E.H.); (Y.-J.H.); (J.-I.K.); (Y.J.L.); (S.-S.Y.)
| | - Ji-In Kim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.-Y.M.); (M.S.A.); (D.-H.K.); (Y.-E.H.); (Y.-J.H.); (J.-I.K.); (Y.J.L.); (S.-S.Y.)
| | - Yun Jin Lee
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.-Y.M.); (M.S.A.); (D.-H.K.); (Y.-E.H.); (Y.-J.H.); (J.-I.K.); (Y.J.L.); (S.-S.Y.)
| | - Soon-Seek Yoon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.-Y.M.); (M.S.A.); (D.-H.K.); (Y.-E.H.); (Y.-J.H.); (J.-I.K.); (Y.J.L.); (S.-S.Y.)
| | - Dong-Chan Moon
- Division of Antimicrobial Resistance Research, Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea; (B.-Y.M.); (M.S.A.); (D.-H.K.); (Y.-E.H.); (Y.-J.H.); (J.-I.K.); (Y.J.L.); (S.-S.Y.)
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Buranasinsup S, Wiratsudakul A, Chantong B, Maklon K, Suwanpakdee S, Jiemtaweeboon S, Sakcamduang W. Prevalence and characterization of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from veterinary staff, pets, and pet owners in Thailand. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16 Suppl 1:194-202. [PMID: 37973494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Companion animals may act as antimicrobial resistance (AMR) reservoirs. This study investigated the prevalence and AMR patterns of Escherichia coli in pets and people in close contact with pets. METHODS A total of 955 samples were collected from veterinary clinics across Thailand by rectal and skin or ear swabs from dogs and cats and fecal swabs from veterinarians, veterinary assistants, and pet owners. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the obtained isolates were investigated using Sensititre™ MIC plates against 21 different antimicrobial drugs. RESULTS Escherichia coli from pets was frequently resistant to ampicillin (100%) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (100%), whereas E. coli from pet owners, veterinarians, and veterinary assistants was mostly resistant to tetracycline. The multiple antibiotic resistance index revealed that multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates were frequently found in dogs (34.92%), cats (62.12%), veterinarians (61.11%), veterinarian assistants (36.36%), and pet owners (47.62%). The most common AMR genes identified in this study were blaCTX-M, blaTEM, tetA, and tetB, which were associated with the antimicrobial susceptibility results. Additionally, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-associated genes (i.e., blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV) were found in 21.69%, 71.97%, 27.78%, and 21.43% of E. coli isolated from dogs, cats, veterinarians, and pet owners, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated the presence of AMR genes, particularly ESBL-associated genes, in E. coli isolated from healthy pets and veterinarians. This implies that these sources of E. coli could potentially be reservoirs for antibiotic resistance, thereby increasing the risk of harm to both humans and animals. These findings highlight the importance of implementing effective AMR control measures in veterinary practices, as bacteria resistant to commonly used antimicrobials are present in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutipen Buranasinsup
- Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Anuwat Wiratsudakul
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Boonrat Chantong
- Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Khuanwalai Maklon
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sarin Suwanpakdee
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Sineenard Jiemtaweeboon
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Walasinee Sakcamduang
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
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Habib I, Elbediwi M, Mohteshamuddin K, Mohamed MYI, Lakshmi GB, Abdalla A, Anes F, Ghazawi A, Khan M, Khalifa H. Genomic profiling of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from Pets in the United Arab Emirates: Unveiling colistin resistance mediated by mcr-1.1 and its probable transmission from chicken meat - A One Health perspective. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16 Suppl 1:163-171. [PMID: 37957104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has witnessed rapid urbanization and a surge in pet ownership, sparking concerns about the possible transfer of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) from pets to humans and the environment. This study delves into the whole-genome sequencing analysis of ESBL-producing E. coli strains from healthy cats and dogs in the UAE, which exhibit multidrug resistance (MDR). Additionally, it provides a genomic exploration of the mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1.1, marking the first instance of its detection in Middle Eastern pets. METHODS We investigate 17 ESBL-producing E. coli strains from healthy UAE pets using WGS and bioinformatics analysis to identify genes encoding virulence factors, assign diverse typing schemes to the isolates, and scrutinize the presence of AMR genes. Furthermore, we characterized plasmid contigs housing the mcr-1.1 gene and conducted phylogenomic analysis to evaluate their relatedness to previously identified UAE isolates. RESULTS Our study unveiled a variety of virulence factor-encoding genes within the isolates, with fimH emerging as the most prevalent. Regarding β-lactamase resistance genes, the blaCTX group 1 gene family predominated, with CTX-M-15 found in 52.9% (9/17) of the isolates, followed by CTX-M-55 in 29.4% (5/17). These isolates were categorized into multiple sequence types (STs), with the epidemic ST131 being the most frequent. The presence of the mcr-1.1 gene, linked to colistin resistance, was confirmed in two isolates. These isolates belonged to ST1011 and displayed distinct profiles of β-lactamase resistance genes. Phylogenomic analysis revealed close connections between the isolates and those from chicken meat in the UAE. CONCLUSION Our study underscores the presence of MDR ESBL-producing E. coli in UAE pets. The identification of mcr-1.1-carrying isolates warrants the urgency of comprehensive AMR surveillance and highlights the role of companion animals in AMR epidemiology. These findings underscore the significance of adopting a One Health approach to mitigate AMR transmission risks effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab Habib
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1555, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Department of Environmental Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed Elbediwi
- Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaja Mohteshamuddin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1555, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed-Yousif Ibrahim Mohamed
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1555, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Glindya Bhagya Lakshmi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1555, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afra Abdalla
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1555, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Febin Anes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1555, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Akela Ghazawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1555, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mushtaq Khan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1555, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hazim Khalifa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 1555, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
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11
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Marco-Fuertes A, Jordá J, Marin C, Lorenzo-Rebenaque L, Montoro-Dasi L, Vega S. Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains to Last Resort Human Antibiotics Isolated from Healthy Companion Animals in Valencia Region. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1638. [PMID: 37998840 PMCID: PMC10669260 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Failure in antibiotic therapies due to the increase in antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria is one of the main threats to public and animal health. In recent decades, the perception of companion animals has changed, from being considered as a work tool to a household member, creating a family bond and sharing spaces in their daily routine. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess the current epidemiological situation regarding the presence of AMR and multidrug resistance (MDR) in companion animals in the Valencia Region, using the indicator bacteria Escherichia coli as a sentinel. For this purpose, 244 samples of dogs and cats were collected from veterinary centres to assess antimicrobial susceptibility against a panel of 22 antibiotics with public health relevance. A total of 197 E. coli strains were isolated from asymptomatic dogs and cats. The results showed AMR against all the 22 antibiotics studied, including those critically important to human medicine. Moreover, almost 50% of the strains presented MDR. The present study revealed the importance of monitoring AMR and MDR trends in companion animals, as they could pose a risk due to the spread of AMR and its resistance genes to humans, other animals and the environment they cohabit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marco-Fuertes
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Calle Santiago Ramón y Cajal 20, Alfara del Patriarca, 45115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.-F.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Jaume Jordá
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Calle Santiago Ramón y Cajal 20, Alfara del Patriarca, 45115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.-F.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Clara Marin
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Calle Santiago Ramón y Cajal 20, Alfara del Patriarca, 45115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.-F.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Laura Lorenzo-Rebenaque
- Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Laura Montoro-Dasi
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Calle Santiago Ramón y Cajal 20, Alfara del Patriarca, 45115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.-F.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Santiago Vega
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Calle Santiago Ramón y Cajal 20, Alfara del Patriarca, 45115 Valencia, Spain; (A.M.-F.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (S.V.)
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12
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Ratti G, Facchin A, Stranieri A, Giordano A, Paltrinieri S, Scarpa P, Maragno D, Gazzonis A, Penati M, Luzzago C, Dall’Ara P, Lauzi S. Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-/AmpC-Producing Escherichia coli in Pet and Stray Cats. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1249. [PMID: 37627669 PMCID: PMC10451524 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12081249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dogs have been reported as potential carriers of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, but the role of cats has been poorly studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and the risk factors associated with the fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC (ESBL/AmpC)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) in pet and stray cats. Fecal samples were collected between 2020 and 2022 from healthy and unhealthy cats and screened for ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli using selective media. The presence of ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli was confirmed by phenotypic and molecular methods. The evaluation of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) was performed on positive isolates. Host and hospitalization data were analyzed to identify risk factors. A total of 97 cats' samples were collected, and ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli were detected in 6/97 (6.2%), supported by the detection of blaCTX-M (100%), blaTEM (83.3%), and blaSHV (16.7%) genes and the overexpression of chromosomal ampC (1%). All E. coli isolates were categorized as multidrug-resistant. Unhealthy status and previous antibiotic therapy were significantly associated with ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli fecal carriage. Our results suggest that cats may be carriers of ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli, highlighting the need for antimicrobial stewardship in veterinary medicine and an antimicrobial-resistance surveillance program focusing on companion animals, including stray cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Ratti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Alessia Facchin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Angelica Stranieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Alessia Giordano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Saverio Paltrinieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Paola Scarpa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Deborah Maragno
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Alessia Gazzonis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Martina Penati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
- Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases (MiLab), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Camilla Luzzago
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Paola Dall’Ara
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Stefania Lauzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences (DIVAS), University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy; (G.R.); (A.F.); (A.S.); (A.G.); (S.P.); (P.S.); (D.M.); (A.G.); (M.P.); (C.L.); (S.L.)
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Tong YC, Li PC, Yang Y, Lin QY, Liu JT, Gao YN, Zhang YN, Jin S, Qing SZ, Xing FS, Fan YP, Liu YQ, Wang WL, Zhang WM, Ma WR. Detection of Antibiotic Resistance in Feline-Origin ESBL Escherichia coli from Different Areas of China and the Resistance Elimination of Garlic Oil to Cefquinome on ESBL E. coli. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119627. [PMID: 37298578 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of drug-resistance in the opportunistic pathogen Escherichia coli has become a global public health concern. Due to the share of similar flora between pets and their owners, the detection of pet-origin antibiotic-resistant E. coli is necessary. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of feline-origin ESBL E. coli in China and to explore the resistance elimination effect of garlic oil to cefquinome on ESBL E. coli. Cat fecal samples were collected from animal hospitals. The E. coli isolates were separated and purified by indicator media and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). ESBL genes were detected by PCR and Sanger sequencing. The MICs were determined. The synergistic effect of garlic oil and cefquinome against ESBL E. coli was investigated by checkerboard assays, time-kill and growth curves, drug-resistance curves, PI and NPN staining, and a scanning electronic microscope. A total of 80 E. coli strains were isolated from 101 fecal samples. The rate of ESBL E. coli was 52.5% (42/80). The prevailing ESBL genotypes in China were CTX-M-1, CTX-M-14, and TEM-116. In ESBL E. coli, garlic oil increased the susceptibility to cefquinome with FICIs from 0.2 to 0.7 and enhanced the killing effect of cefquinome with membrane destruction. Resistance to cefquinome decreased with treatment of garlic oil after 15 generations. Our study indicates that ESBL E. coli has been detected in cats kept as pets. The sensitivity of ESBL E. coli to cefquinome was enhanced by garlic oil, indicating that garlic oil may be a potential antibiotic enhancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Chao Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qing-Yi Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jin-Tong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yi-Nuo Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yi-Ning Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuo Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Su-Zhu Qing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Fu-Shan Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yun-Peng Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ying-Qiu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wei-Ling Wang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wei-Min Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Wu-Ren Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Xi'an Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an 710065, China
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14
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Tong YC, Zhang YN, Li PC, Cao YL, Ding DZ, Yang Y, Lin QY, Gao YN, Sun SQ, Fan YP, Liu YQ, Qing SZ, Ma WR, Zhang WM. Detection of antibiotic-resistant canine origin Escherichia coli and the synergistic effect of magnolol in reducing the resistance of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1104812. [PMID: 37008355 PMCID: PMC10057116 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1104812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe development of antimicrobial resistance in the opportunistic pathogen Escherichia coli has become a global public health concern. Due to daily close contact, dogs kept as pets share the same E. coli with their owners. Therefore, the detection of antimicrobial resistance in canine E. coli is important, as the results could provide guidance for the future use of antibiotics. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of antibiotic-resistance of canine origin E. coli in Shaanxi province and to explore the inhibition effect of magnolol combined with cefquinome on MDR E. coli, so as to provide evidence for the use of antibiotics.MethodsCanine fecal samples were collected from animal hospitals. The E. coli isolates were separated and purified using various indicator media and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Drug-resistance genes [aacC2, ant(3')-I, aph(3')-II, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aac(3')-IIe, blaKPC, blaIMP−4, blaOXA, blaCMY, blaTEM−1, blaSHV, blaCTX−M−1, blaCTX−M−9, Qnra, Qnrb, Qnrs, TetA, TetB, TetM, Ermb] were also detected by PCR. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for 10 antibiotics using the broth-microdilution method. Synergistic activity of magnolol and cefquinome against multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli strains was investigated using checkerboard assays, time-kill curves, and drug-resistance curves.ResultsA total of 101 E. coli strains were isolated from 158 fecal samples collected from animal hospitals. MIC determinations showed that 75.25% (76/101) of the E. coli strains were MDR. A total of 22 drug-resistance genes were detected among the 101 strains. The blaTEM−1gene exhibited the highest detection rate (89.77%). The TetA and Sul gene also exhibited high detection rate (66.34 and 53.47%, respectively). Carbapenem-resistant E. coli strains were found in Shangluo and Yan'an. Additionally, in MDR E. coli initially resistant to cefquinome, magnolol increased the susceptibility to cefquinome, with an FICI (Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index) between 0.125 and 0.5, indicating stable synergy. Furthermore, magnolol enhanced the killing effect of cefquinome against MDR E. coli. Resistance of MDR E. coli to cefquinome decreased markedly after treatment with magnolol for 15 generations.ConclusionOur study indicates that antibiotic-resistance E. coli has been found in domestic dogs. After treatment with magnolol extracted from the Chinese herb Houpo (Magnolia officinalis), the sensitivity of MDR E. coli to cefquinome was enhanced, indicating that magnolol reverses the resistance of MDR E. coli. The results of this study thus provide reference for the control of E. coli resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Chao Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yi-Ning Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ya-Li Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Dong-Zhao Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qing-Yi Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yi-Nuo Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shao-Qiang Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yun-Peng Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ying-Qiu Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Su-Zhu Qing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wu-Ren Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Xi'an Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Northwest A&F University, Xi'an, China
- Wu-Ren Ma
| | - Wei-Min Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- *Correspondence: Wei-Min Zhang
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Caneschi A, Bardhi A, Barbarossa A, Zaghini A. The Use of Antibiotics and Antimicrobial Resistance in Veterinary Medicine, a Complex Phenomenon: A Narrative Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030487. [PMID: 36978354 PMCID: PMC10044628 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As warned by Sir Alexander Fleming in his Nobel Prize address: “the use of antimicrobials can, and will, lead to resistance”. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has recently increased due to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, and their use in animals (food-producing and companion) has also resulted in the selection and transmission of resistant bacteria. The epidemiology of resistance is complex, and factors other than the overall quantity of antibiotics consumed may influence it. Nowadays, AMR has a serious impact on society, both economically and in terms of healthcare. This narrative review aimed to provide a scenario of the state of the AMR phenomenon in veterinary medicine related to the use of antibiotics in different animal species; the impact that it can have on animals, as well as humans and the environment, was considered. Providing some particular instances, the authors tried to explain the vastness of the phenomenon of AMR in veterinary medicine due to many and diverse aspects that cannot always be controlled. The veterinarian is the main reference point here and has a high responsibility towards the human–animal–environment triad. Sharing such a burden with human medicine and cooperating together for the same purpose (fighting and containing AMR) represents an effective example of the application of the One Health approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anisa Bardhi
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (A.B.); Tel.: +39-051-2097-500 (Andrea Barbarossa)
| | - Andrea Barbarossa
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (A.B.); Tel.: +39-051-2097-500 (Andrea Barbarossa)
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