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Di Maio VC, Scutari R, Forqué L, Colagrossi L, Coltella L, Ranno S, Linardos G, Gentile L, Galeno E, Vittucci AC, Pisani M, Cristaldi S, Villani A, Raponi M, Bernaschi P, Russo C, Perno CF. Presence and Significance of Multiple Respiratory Viral Infections in Children Admitted to a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital in Italy. Viruses 2024; 16:750. [PMID: 38793631 PMCID: PMC11126044 DOI: 10.3390/v16050750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Viral co-infections are frequently observed among children, but whether specific viral interactions enhance or diminish the severity of respiratory disease is still controversial. This study aimed to investigate the type of viral mono- and co-infections by also evaluating viral correlations in 3525 respiratory samples from 3525 pediatric in/outpatients screened by the Allplex Respiratory Panel Assays and with a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-COronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test available. Overall, viral co-infections were detected in 37.8% of patients and were more frequently observed in specimens from children with lower respiratory tract infections compared to those with upper respiratory tract infections (47.1% vs. 36.0%, p = 0.003). SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A were more commonly detected in mono-infections, whereas human bocavirus showed the highest co-infection rate (87.8% in co-infection). After analyzing viral pairings using Spearman's correlation test, it was noted that SARS-CoV-2 was negatively associated with all other respiratory viruses, whereas a markedly significant positive correlation (p < 0.001) was observed for five viral pairings (involving adenovirus/human bocavirus/human enterovirus/metapneumoviruses/rhinovirus). The correlation between co-infection and clinical outcome may be linked to the type of virus(es) involved in the co-infection rather than simple co-presence. Further studies dedicated to this important point are needed, since it has obvious implications from a diagnostic and clinical point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velia Chiara Di Maio
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.C.D.M.)
| | - Rossana Scutari
- Multimodal Laboratory Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Lorena Forqué
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.C.D.M.)
| | - Luna Colagrossi
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.C.D.M.)
| | - Luana Coltella
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.C.D.M.)
| | - Stefania Ranno
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.C.D.M.)
| | - Giulia Linardos
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.C.D.M.)
| | - Leonarda Gentile
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.C.D.M.)
| | - Eugenia Galeno
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.C.D.M.)
| | - Anna Chiara Vittucci
- Hospital University Pediatrics Clinical Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy (S.C.)
| | - Mara Pisani
- Hospital University Pediatrics Clinical Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy (S.C.)
| | - Sebastian Cristaldi
- Hospital University Pediatrics Clinical Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy (S.C.)
| | - Alberto Villani
- Hospital University Pediatrics Clinical Area, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy (S.C.)
| | - Massimiliano Raponi
- Medical Direction, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Bernaschi
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.C.D.M.)
| | - Cristina Russo
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.C.D.M.)
| | - Carlo Federico Perno
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (V.C.D.M.)
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Rosca EC, Cornea A, Simu M. Emerging Trends in Complications Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Biomedicines 2023; 12:4. [PMID: 38275366 PMCID: PMC10813045 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented a remarkable challenge to global health, sparking a surge in research aimed at understanding the multifaceted impacts of the virus [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cecilia Rosca
- Department of Neurology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (M.S.)
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Bd. Iosif Bulbuca no. 10, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Amalia Cornea
- Department of Neurology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (M.S.)
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Bd. Iosif Bulbuca no. 10, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihaela Simu
- Department of Neurology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. no. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (M.S.)
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Emergency County Hospital Timisoara, Bd. Iosif Bulbuca no. 10, 300736 Timisoara, Romania
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Rice E, Oakes DB, Holland C, Moore HC, Blyth CC. Respiratory syncytial virus in children: epidemiology and clinical impact post-COVID-19. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2023; 36:522-528. [PMID: 37830952 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. RSV seasonality was disrupted by COVID-19-associated nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). We review RSV seasonality, molecular epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and community awareness to inform future prevention strategies. RECENT FINDINGS An initial reduction of RSV disease observed with NPIs, and subsequent global resurgence was associated with a collapse in genetic diversity. A lack of immunity is suggested to have contributed to the resurgence of RSV cases experienced post COVID-19. The median age of children admitted with RSV increased during the resurgence, likely secondary to the expanded cohort of RSV-immune naive children. The pandemic also played a role in increased community awareness, which can be utilized as part of a coordinated public health effort to introduce prevention strategies. Further education on signs and symptoms of RSV is still required. SUMMARY mAbs and maternal vaccines targeting RSV have the potential to reduce paediatric morbidity, however this new era of RSV prevention will require ongoing research to facilitate community awareness and engagement, and better respiratory surveillance. Tackling the global burden of RSV will require a coordinated effort and measures to ensure access and affordability of new prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Rice
- Department of General Paediatrics, Perth Children's Hospital, Hospital Avenue
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia
| | - Daniel B Oakes
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia
| | - Charlie Holland
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia
- School of Population Health, Curtin University
| | - Hannah C Moore
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia
- School of Population Health, Curtin University
| | - Christopher C Blyth
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Hospital Avenue
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia
- Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Perth, Western Australia
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Tavares ER, de Lima TF, Bartolomeu-Gonçalves G, de Castro IM, de Lima DG, Borges PHG, Nakazato G, Kobayashi RKT, Venancio EJ, Tarley CRT, de Almeida ERD, Pelisson M, Vespero EC, Simão ANC, Perugini MRE, Kerbauy G, Fornazieri MA, Tognim MCB, Góes VM, de Souza TDACB, Oliveira DBL, Durigon EL, Faccin-Galhardi LC, Yamauchi LM, Yamada-Ogatta SF. Development of a Melting-Curve-Based Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay for the Simultaneous Detection of Viruses Causing Respiratory Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2692. [PMID: 38004704 PMCID: PMC10672821 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The prompt and accurate identification of the etiological agents of viral respiratory infections is a critical measure in mitigating outbreaks. In this study, we developed and clinically evaluated a novel melting-curve-based multiplex real-time PCR (M-m-qPCR) assay targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and nucleocapsid phosphoprotein N of SARS-CoV-2, the Matrix protein 2 of the Influenza A virus, the RdRp domain of the L protein from the Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and the polyprotein from Rhinovirus B genes. The analytical performance of the M-m-qPCR underwent assessment using in silico analysis and a panel of reference and clinical strains, encompassing viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens, exhibiting 100% specificity. Moreover, the assay showed a detection limit of 10 copies per reaction for all targeted pathogens using the positive controls. To validate its applicability, the assay was further tested in simulated nasal fluid spiked with the viruses mentioned above, followed by validation on nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 811 individuals. Among them, 13.4% (109/811) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and 1.1% (9/811) tested positive for Influenza A. Notably, these results showed 100% concordance with those obtained using a commercial kit. Therefore, the M-m-qPCR exhibits great potential for the routine screening of these respiratory viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliandro Reis Tavares
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (E.R.T.); (D.G.d.L.)
| | - Thiago Ferreira de Lima
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (T.F.d.L.); (I.M.d.C.); (P.H.G.B.); (G.N.); (R.K.T.K.); (L.C.F.-G.)
| | - Guilherme Bartolomeu-Gonçalves
- Graduate Program in Clinical and Laboratory Pathophysiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil; (G.B.-G.); (E.J.V.); (M.P.); (E.C.V.); (A.N.C.S.); (M.R.E.P.)
| | - Isabela Madeira de Castro
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (T.F.d.L.); (I.M.d.C.); (P.H.G.B.); (G.N.); (R.K.T.K.); (L.C.F.-G.)
| | - Daniel Gaiotto de Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (E.R.T.); (D.G.d.L.)
| | - Paulo Henrique Guilherme Borges
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (T.F.d.L.); (I.M.d.C.); (P.H.G.B.); (G.N.); (R.K.T.K.); (L.C.F.-G.)
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (T.F.d.L.); (I.M.d.C.); (P.H.G.B.); (G.N.); (R.K.T.K.); (L.C.F.-G.)
| | - Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (T.F.d.L.); (I.M.d.C.); (P.H.G.B.); (G.N.); (R.K.T.K.); (L.C.F.-G.)
| | - Emerson José Venancio
- Graduate Program in Clinical and Laboratory Pathophysiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil; (G.B.-G.); (E.J.V.); (M.P.); (E.C.V.); (A.N.C.S.); (M.R.E.P.)
| | | | | | - Marsileni Pelisson
- Graduate Program in Clinical and Laboratory Pathophysiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil; (G.B.-G.); (E.J.V.); (M.P.); (E.C.V.); (A.N.C.S.); (M.R.E.P.)
| | - Eliana Carolina Vespero
- Graduate Program in Clinical and Laboratory Pathophysiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil; (G.B.-G.); (E.J.V.); (M.P.); (E.C.V.); (A.N.C.S.); (M.R.E.P.)
| | - Andrea Name Colado Simão
- Graduate Program in Clinical and Laboratory Pathophysiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil; (G.B.-G.); (E.J.V.); (M.P.); (E.C.V.); (A.N.C.S.); (M.R.E.P.)
| | - Márcia Regina Eches Perugini
- Graduate Program in Clinical and Laboratory Pathophysiology, Department of Pathology, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil; (G.B.-G.); (E.J.V.); (M.P.); (E.C.V.); (A.N.C.S.); (M.R.E.P.)
| | - Gilselena Kerbauy
- Graduate Program in Nursing, Department of Nursing, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil;
| | - Marco Aurélio Fornazieri
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Department of Clinical Surgery, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil;
| | | | | | | | - Danielle Bruna Leal Oliveira
- Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
| | - Lígia Carla Faccin-Galhardi
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (T.F.d.L.); (I.M.d.C.); (P.H.G.B.); (G.N.); (R.K.T.K.); (L.C.F.-G.)
| | - Lucy Megumi Yamauchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (E.R.T.); (D.G.d.L.)
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (T.F.d.L.); (I.M.d.C.); (P.H.G.B.); (G.N.); (R.K.T.K.); (L.C.F.-G.)
| | - Sueli Fumie Yamada-Ogatta
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (E.R.T.); (D.G.d.L.)
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (T.F.d.L.); (I.M.d.C.); (P.H.G.B.); (G.N.); (R.K.T.K.); (L.C.F.-G.)
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Redelmeier DA, Shafir E. Persistent Challenges to a Single Diagnosis. Med Decis Making 2023; 43:758-759. [PMID: 37706472 DOI: 10.1177/0272989x231197828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald A Redelmeier
- Evaluative Clinical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
- Center for Leading Injury Prevention Practice Education & Research
| | - Eldar Shafir
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Princeton School of Public and International Affairs
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