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Lowe CJ, Bodell LP. Examining neural responses to anticipating or receiving monetary rewards and the development of binge eating in youth. A registered report using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2024; 67:101377. [PMID: 38615556 PMCID: PMC11026734 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Binge eating is characterized as eating a large amount of food and feeling a loss of control while eating. However, the neurobiological mechanisms associated with the onset and maintenance of binge eating are largely unknown. Recent neuroimaging work has suggested that increased responsivity within reward regions of the brain to the anticipation or receipt of rewards is related to binge eating; however, limited longitudinal data has precluded understanding of the role of reward responsivity in the development of binge eating. The current study used data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development® (ABCD) longitudinal study dataset to assess whether heightened neural responses to different phases of reward processing (reward anticipation and receipt) (1) differentiated individuals with binge eating from matched controls, and (2) predicted the onset of binge eating in an "at risk" sample. Consistent with hypotheses, heightened neural responsivity in the right caudate and bilateral VS during reward anticipation differentiated youth with and without binge eating. Moreover, greater VS response to reward anticipation predicted binge eating two years later. Neural responses to reward receipt also were consistent with hypotheses, such that heightened VS and OFC responses differentiated youth with and without binge eating and predicted the presence of binge eating two years later. Findings from the current study suggest that hypersensitivity to rewards may contribute to the development of binge eating during early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra J Lowe
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Lindsay P Bodell
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
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Teh WL, Si SY, Liu J, Subramaniam M, Ho R. The clinical significance of emotional urgency in bipolar disorder: a scoping review. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:273. [PMID: 38750587 PMCID: PMC11097479 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01700-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional urgency, defined as a trait concept of emotion-based impulsivity, is at least moderately associated with general psychopathology. However, its clinical significance and associations with clinically relevant features of bipolar disorder remain unclear. This scoping review aims address this gap by determining the extent of evidence in this niche scope of study. METHODS Evidence of between-group differences of positive and negative urgency, its associations with mood severity, and all peripheral associations related to illness and psychosocial outcomes were synthesized based on PRISMA checklists and guidelines for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). DESIGN Electronic databases were searched for articles published between January 2001 and January 2024. A total of 1013 entries were gathered, and a total of 10 articles were included in the final selection after the removal of duplicates and ineligible articles. RESULTS Differences in urgency scores between bipolar disorder and healthy controls were large (Cohen's d ranged from 1.77 to 2.20). Negative urgency was at least moderately associated with overall trauma, emotional abuse, neglect, suicide ideation, neuroticism, and irritable/cyclothymic temperament, whereas positive urgency was at least moderately associated with various aspects of aggression and quality of life. Positive but not negative urgency was associated with quality of life in bipolar disorder. CONCLUSION Large between-group differences found for emotional urgency in bipolar disorder imply large clinical significance. Emotional urgency was associated with worse clinical features and outcomes. Given the high clinical heterogeneity of the disorder, emotional urgency may be an important phenotype indicative of greater disorder severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lin Teh
- Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green, Medical Park, Singapore, S539747, Singapore.
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, S119077, Singapore.
| | - Sheng Yeow Si
- MOH Holdings, 1 Maritime Square, #11-25, Singapore, S099253, Singapore
| | - Jianlin Liu
- Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green, Medical Park, Singapore, S539747, Singapore
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Buangkok Green, Medical Park, Singapore, S539747, Singapore
| | - Roger Ho
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore, S119077, Singapore
- Institute of Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Dr, #14-01 MD6, Singapore, S117599, Singapore
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3
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Zhao Y, Potenza MN, Tapert SF, Paulus MP. Neural correlates of negative life events and their relationships with alcohol and cannabis use initiation. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 25:112-121. [PMID: 37916739 PMCID: PMC10623894 DOI: 10.1080/19585969.2023.2252437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Negative life events (NLEs), e.g., poor academic performance (controllable) or being the victim of a crime (uncontrollable), can profoundly affect the trajectory of one's life. Yet, their impact on how the brain develops is still not well understood. This investigation examined the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) dataset for the impact of NLEs on the initiation of alcohol and cannabis use, as well as underlying neural mechanisms. METHODS This study evaluated the impact of controllable and uncontrollable NLEs on substance use initiation in 207 youth who initiated alcohol use, 168 who initiated cannabis use, and compared it to 128 youth who remained substance-naïve, using generalised linear regression models. Mediation analyses were conducted to determine neural pathways of NLE impacting substance use trajectories. RESULTS Dose-response relationships between controllable NLEs and substance use initiation were observed. Having one controllable NLE increased the odds of alcohol initiation by 50% (95%CI [1.18, 1.93]) and cannabis initiation by 73% (95%CI [1.36, 2.24]), respectively. Greater cortical thickness in left banks of the superior temporal sulcus mediated effects of controllable NLEs on alcohol and cannabis initiations. Greater left caudate gray-matter volumes mediated effects of controllable NLEs on cannabis initiation. CONCLUSIONS Controllable but not uncontrollable NLEs increased the odds of alcohol and cannabis initiation. Moreover, those individuals with less mature brain structures at the time of the NLEs experienced a greater impact of NLEs on subsequent initiation of alcohol or cannabis use. Targeting youth experiencing controllable NLEs may help mitigate alcohol and cannabis initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Zhao
- Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Susan F. Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Martin P. Paulus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
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4
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Stewart JL, Burrows K, Davis CB, Wilhelm RA, McNaughton BA, Kuplicki R, Paulus MP, Khalsa SS, White EJ. Impulsivity in amphetamine use disorder: Examination of sex differences. Addiction 2023; 118:1787-1800. [PMID: 37132044 PMCID: PMC10524483 DOI: 10.1111/add.16225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to test whether there are sex differences in the relationship between impulsivity and amphetamine use disorder (AMP). DESIGN A naturalistic cross-sectional design was used. SETTING The Tulsa 1000 study was held in Tulsa, OK, USA. PARTICIPANTS There were two groups in this study: AMP+ (29F, 20M) and AMP- (57F, 33M). MEASUREMENTS This project focuses on data related to impulsivity: UPPS-P impulsive behavior scale and a stop signal task (SST) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) recording. Group, sex and their interaction were compared for UPPS-P ratings and SST fMRI and behavioral responses. FINDINGS AMP+ reported higher UPPS-P positive and negative urgency scores (Ps < 0.001; r = 0.56 and 0.51) and displayed greater bilateral insula and amygdala responses across correct SST trials (Ps < 0.001, g range = 0.57-0.81) than AMP-. fMRI results indicated that AMP+ exhibited larger right anterior/middle insula, amygdala and nucleus accumbens signals during successful difficult stop trials than AMP- (Ps < 0.01; g = 0.63, 0.54 and 0.44, respectively). Crucially, two group × sex effects emerged: (a) within females, AMP+ reported larger UPPS-P lack of premeditation scores than AMP- (P < 0.001, r = 0.51), and (b) within males, AMP+ showed greater left middle insula signals than AMP- across correct SST trials (P = 0.01, g = 0.78). CONCLUSIONS Both female and male amphetamine users appear to be characterized by rash action in the presence of positive and negative mood states as well as heightened recruitment of right hemisphere regions during behavioral inhibition. In contrast, planning ahead may be particularly difficult for female amphetamine users, whereas male amphetamine users may need to recruit additional left hemisphere resources during inhibitory processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Stewart
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa OK
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Martin P. Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa OK
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK
| | - Sahib S. Khalsa
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa OK
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK
| | - Evan J. White
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa OK
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, University of Tulsa, Tulsa OK
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The Value of Lumping and Splitting in the Study of Addiction and Psychopathology. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 93:485-486. [PMID: 36792302 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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Kampa M, Sebastian A, Tüscher O, Stark R, Klucken T. Refocus on stopping! Replication of reduced right amygdala reactivity to negative, visual primes during inhibition of motor responses. NEUROIMAGE: REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Latent Profile Analyses of Addiction and Mental Health Problems in Two Large Samples. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-01003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Association between desire thinking and problematic social media use among a sample of Lebanese adults: The indirect effect of suppression and impulsivity. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277884. [PMID: 36441758 PMCID: PMC9704565 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Desire thinking, impulsivity and suppression are psychological variables that are intricately related to behavioral addictions. Bearing in mind the scarcity of data on desire thinking, impulsivity, thought suppression and pathological social media use in developing countries such as Lebanon, with the existing literature suggesting a heightened mental health burden associated with this problematic social media use, it becomes all the more important to elucidate their relationship. Our study aims at investigating the association between desire thinking and problematic social media use specifically, and to further test the effect of impulsivity and thought suppression in mediating the relation between the two distinct facets of desire thinking and problematic social media use. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out between November 2021 and March 2022 using a sample of 414 community-dwelling participants aged above 18 years from all Lebanese districts. The data was collected through an online questionnaire including a section about sociodemographic information, the Desire Thinking Questionnaire (DTQ), Impulsive Behavior Scale (S-UPPS-P), White Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI) and Social Media Disorder Short Form (SMD). The tests used in the bivariate analysis to assess correlates of SMD were the Student t test to compare two means and the Pearson test to correlate two continuous scores. The PROCESS SPSS Macro version 3.4, model four was used to conduct the mediation analysis. RESULTS Desire thinking was shown to correlate with increased social media use. Moreover, we found that suppression and lack of premeditation mediated the association between verbal perseveration and social media use disorder whereas suppression and urgency mediated the association between imaginal prefiguration and social media use disorder. CONCLUSION This study provides new insight on a topic of increasing public health concern. Although understudied to date, suppression and impulsivity differentially mediate the influence of both facets of desire thinking on problematic social media use disorder. The current findings point to the highly pervasive issue of social media use disorder and the need to investigate underlying psychological factors that aggravate it to better profile and support individuals struggling with it.
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Chen Y, Ide JS, Li CS, Chaudhary S, Le TM, Wang W, Zhornitsky S, Zhang S, Li CR. Gray matter volumetric correlates of dimensional impulsivity traits in children: Sex differences and heritability. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:2634-2652. [PMID: 35212098 PMCID: PMC9057091 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research investigated the cerebral volumetric correlates of impulsivity largely in moderate-sized samples and few have examined the distinct correlates of dimensions of impulsivity, sex differences, or heritability of the correlates. Here, we performed voxel-based morphometry analysis of data (n = 11,474; 5,452 girls, 9-10 years) curated from the Adolescent Brain Cognition Development project. In a linear regression with all five UPPS-P subscores as regressors and age in months, total intracranial volume, study site, and scanner model as covariates, higher levels of lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking were correlated with larger cortical and subcortical gray matter volumes (GMVs). In contrast, higher positive urgency was correlated with smaller GMVs in many of the same regions. The dimensional impulsivity traits also involved distinct volumetric correlates, with, for instance, sensation seeking and positive urgency specifically implicating bilateral caudate head/mid-cingulate cortex and bilateral lateral orbitofrontal cortex/left precentral gyrus, respectively. Boys relative to girls scored higher in all impulsivity dimensions. Girls relative to boys showed significantly stronger positive and negative correlations between sensation seeking and insula, putamen, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) GMVs and between positive urgency and cingulate cortex, insula, and IFG GMVs, respectively. With a subsample of twins, the dimensional impulsivity traits were weakly to moderately heritable in both girls and boys, and the GMV correlates were highly heritable in girls and boys combined. These findings collectively suggest shared and nonshared as well as sex differences in the cerebral volumetric bases of dimensional impulsivity traits and may facilitate research of externalizing psychopathology in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Jaime S. Ide
- Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Clara S. Li
- Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Department of Statistical and Data SciencesSmith CollegeNorthamptonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Shefali Chaudhary
- Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Thang M. Le
- Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Wuyi Wang
- Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Simon Zhornitsky
- Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Chiang‐Shan R. Li
- Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Department of NeuroscienceYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Inter‐department Neuroscience ProgramYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Wu Tsai InstituteYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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Dakhili A, Sangchooli A, Jafakesh S, Zare-Bidoky M, Soleimani G, Batouli SAH, Kazemi K, Faghiri A, Oghabian MA, Ekhtiari H. Cue-induced craving and negative emotion disrupt response inhibition in methamphetamine use disorder: Behavioral and fMRI results from a mixed Go/No-Go task. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 233:109353. [PMID: 35249000 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-related cue-reactivity, dysfunctional negative emotion processing, and response-disinhibition constitute three core aspects of methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). These phenomena have been studied independently, but the neuroscientific literature on their interaction in addictive disorders remains scant. METHODS 62 individuals with MUD were scanned when responding to the geometric Go or No-Go cues superimposed over blank, neutral, negative-emotional and drug-related background images. Neural correlates of drug and negative-emotional cue-reactivity, response-inhibition and their interactions were estimated, and methamphetamine cue-reactivity was compared between individuals with MUD and 23 healthy controls. Relationships between behavioral characteristics and observed activations were investigated. RESULTS Individuals with MUD had longer reaction times and more errors in drug and negative-emotional compared to blank blocks, and more omission errors in drug compared to neutral blocks. They showed higher drug cue-reactivity than controls across prefrontal, fusiform, and visual regions (Z > 3.1, p-corrected<0.05). Response-inhibition was associated with precuneal, inferior parietal, anterior cingulate, temporal, and inferior frontal activations (Z > 3.1, p-corrected<0.05). Response-inhibition in drug cue blocks coincided with higher activations in the visual cortex and lower activations in the paracentral lobule and superior and inferior frontal gyri, while inhibition during negative-emotional blocks led to higher superior parietal, fusiform, and lateral occipital activations (Z > 3.1, p-corrected<0.05). CONCLUSION Drug cue-reactivity may impair response inhibition partly through activating dis-inhibitory regions, while temporal and parietal activations associated with response-inhibition in negative blocks suggest compensatory activity. Results suggest that drug and negative-emotional cue-reactivity influence response-inhibition, and the study of these interactions may aid mechanistic understanding of methamphetamine use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Dakhili
- Neuroimaging and Analysis Group. (NIAG), Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran; Medical Physics Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arshiya Sangchooli
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Jafakesh
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Zare-Bidoky
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; School of Medicine, Shahid-Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Soleimani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amir Hossein Batouli
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Kazemi
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ashkan Faghiri
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Mohammad Ali Oghabian
- Neuroimaging and Analysis Group. (NIAG), Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran; Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
| | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA.
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Shah T, Dunning JL, Contet C. At the heart of the interoception network: Influence of the parasubthalamic nucleus on autonomic functions and motivated behaviors. Neuropharmacology 2022; 204:108906. [PMID: 34856204 PMCID: PMC8688299 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The parasubthalamic nucleus (PSTN), a small nucleus located on the lateral edge of the posterior hypothalamus, has emerged in recent years as a highly interconnected node within the network of brain regions sensing and regulating autonomic function and homeostatic needs. Furthermore, the strong integration of the PSTN with extended amygdala circuits makes it ideally positioned to serve as an interface between interoception and emotions. While PSTN neurons are mostly glutamatergic, some of them also express neuropeptides that have been associated with stress-related affective and motivational dysfunction, including substance P, corticotropin-releasing factor, and pituitary adenylate-cyclase activating polypeptide. PSTN neurons respond to food ingestion and anorectic signals, as well as to arousing and distressing stimuli. Functional manipulation of defined pathways demonstrated that the PSTN serves as a central hub in multiple physiologically relevant networks and is notably implicated in appetite suppression, conditioned taste aversion, place avoidance, impulsive action, and fear-induced thermoregulation. We also discuss the putative role of the PSTN in interoceptive dysfunction and negative urgency. This review aims to synthesize the burgeoning preclinical literature dedicated to the PSTN and to stimulate interest in further investigating its influence on physiology and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Shah
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffery L Dunning
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Candice Contet
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Miranda-Olivos R, Agüera Z, Granero R, Vergeer RR, Dieguez C, Jiménez-Murcia S, Gearhardt AN, Fernández-Aranda F. Food addiction and lifetime alcohol and illicit drugs use in specific eating disorders. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:102-115. [PMID: 35029544 PMCID: PMC9109624 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2021.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Food addiction (FA) and substance use (SU) have frequently been reported in patients with eating disorders (EDs). Our study aimed to assess the prevalence rates of FA and/or lifetime problematic alcohol and illicit drug use among patients with specific ED, such as: bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and other specified feeding and eating disorder (OSFED). We sought to identify clinical, psychopathological, and personality profiles involved in these addictive behavior-based phenotypes. METHODS The total sample was 527 patients (176 BN, 115 BED, and 236 OSFED). FA was assessed through the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0. To determine lifetime SU, a semi-structured clinical interview was carried out. RESULTS Patients with BN had the highest rates of FA both with and without SU. No gender differences were obtained for the prevalence of current FA and/or lifetime SU. Patients reporting at least one addictive-related behavior exhibited increased clinical severity compared to those who reported none. Increased impulsivity (such as high lack of premeditation, sensation seeking, and positive urgency) and low self-directedness were differentiating factors for presenting one or two addictive behaviors. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Overall, patients presenting with at least one addictive-like behavior reported a poorer clinical status than those without. Also, patients with FA and SU exhibited a more dysfunctional profile characterized by high impulsivity and low self-directedness. These findings would support the need for targeted treatments to reduce impulsivity and increase self-directedness, especially in patients with any addictive-related behavior, as a step towards improving their treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Miranda-Olivos
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Zaida Agüera
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Perinatal Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Roser Granero
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rhianna R. Vergeer
- Laboratory on Human Psychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos Dieguez
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), Department of Physiology (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain,Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Corresponding author. E-mail:
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Yan WS, Zheng DH, Liu MM. Trait Impulsivity and Choice Impulsivity in Young Adult Students With Probable Binge Eating Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:838700. [PMID: 35479492 PMCID: PMC9037330 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.838700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge eating disorder (BED) as a public health problem has been included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Akin to addictive disorders, impulsivity-related neuropsychological constructs might be potentially involved in the onset and development of BED. However, it remains unclear which facets of impulsivity are connected to overeating and binge eating behaviors among non-clinical populations. The present study aimed to detect the relationship between impulsivity and binge eating both on the personality-trait and behavioral-choice levels in undiagnosed young adults. METHODS Fifty-eight individuals with probable BED and 59 healthy controls, matched on age, gender, and educational level, were assessed by using a series of self-report measurements, including the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), UPPS-P Impulsive Behaviors Scale (UPPS-P), Delay Discounting Test (DDT), and Probability Discounting Test (PDT). RESULTS Multivariate analysis of variance models revealed that compared with healthy controls, the probable BED group showed elevated scores on the BIS-11 Attentional and Motor impulsiveness, and on the UPPS-P Negative Urgency, Positive Urgency, and Lack of Perseverance. However, the probable BED subjects had similar discounting rates on the DDT and PDT with healthy controls. Regression models found that Negative Urgency was the only positive predictor of binge eating behavior. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that typical facets of trait impulsivity, which have been recognized in addictive disorders, were associated with binge eating in young adults, whereas choice impulsivity was not aberrantly seen in the same probable BED sample. This study might promote a better understanding of the pathogenesis of BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Sen Yan
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical Humanitarians, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dan-Hui Zheng
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical Humanitarians, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Meng-Meng Liu
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical Humanitarians, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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14
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Upadhyay J, Verrico CD, Cay M, Kodele S, Yammine L, Koob GF, Schreiber R. Neurocircuitry basis of the opioid use disorder-post-traumatic stress disorder comorbid state: conceptual analyses using a dimensional framework. Lancet Psychiatry 2022; 9:84-96. [PMID: 34774203 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(21)00008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the interface between opioid use disorder (OUD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is challenging. By use of a dimensional framework, such as research domain criteria, convergent and targetable neurobiological processes in OUD-PTSD comorbidity can be identified. We hypothesise that, in OUD-PTSD, circuitry that is implicated in two research domain criteria systems (ie, negative valence and cognitive control) underpins dysregulation of incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function. We also propose that the OUD-PTSD state might be systematically investigated with approaches outlined within a neuroclinical assessment framework for addictions and PTSD. Our dimensional analysis of the OUD-PTSD state shows how first-line therapeutic approaches (ie, partial μ-type opioid receptor [MOR1] agonism) modulate overlapping neurobiological and clinical features and also provides mechanistic rationale for evaluating polytherapeutic strategies (ie, partial MOR1 agonism, κ-type opioid receptor [KOR1] antagonism, and α-2A adrenergic receptor [ADRA2A] agonism). A combination of these therapeutic mechanisms is projected to facilitate recovery in patients with OUD-PTSD by mitigating negative valence states and enhancing executive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaymin Upadhyay
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA.
| | - Christopher D Verrico
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mariesa Cay
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Sanda Kodele
- Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Section Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Luba Yammine
- Louis A Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George F Koob
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rudy Schreiber
- Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Section Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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15
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Rawls E, Wolkowicz NR, Ham LS, Lamm C. Negative urgency as a risk factor for hazardous alcohol use: Dual influences of cognitive control and reinforcement processing. Neuropsychologia 2021; 161:108009. [PMID: 34454939 PMCID: PMC8488007 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Negative Urgency (NU) is a prominent risk factor for hazardous alcohol use. While research has helped elucidate how NU relates to neurobiological functioning with respect to alcohol use, no known work has contextualized such functioning within existing neurobiological theories in addiction. Therefore, we elucidated mechanisms contributing to the NU-hazardous alcohol use relationship by combining NU theories with neurobiological dual models of addiction, which posit addiction is related to cognitive control and reinforcement processing. Fifty-five undergraduates self-reported NU and hazardous alcohol use. We recorded EEG while participants performed a reinforced flanker task. We measured cognitive control using N2 activation time-locked to the incongruent flanker stimulus, and we measured reinforcement processing using the feedback-related negativity (FRN) time-locked to better-than-expected negative reinforcement feedback. We modeled hazardous drinking using hierarchical regression, with NU, N2, and FRN plus their interactions as predictors. The regression model significantly predicted hazardous alcohol use, and the three-way interaction (NU × N2 × FRN) significantly improved model fit. In the context of inefficient processing (i.e., larger N2s and FRNs), NU demonstrated a strong relationship with hazardous alcohol use. In the context of efficient processing (i.e., smaller N2s and FRNs), NU was unrelated to hazardous alcohol use. Control analyses ruled out the potential impact of other impulsivity subscales, individual differences in dimensional negative affect or anxiety, and use of substances other than alcohol, and post hoc specificity analyses showed that this effect was driven primarily by heavy drinking, rather than frequency of drinking. This analysis provides preliminary evidence that brain mechanisms of cognitive control and reinforcement processing influence the relationship between NU and hazardous alcohol use, and confirms a specific influence of negative reinforcement processing. Future clinical research could leverage these neurobiological moderators for substance misuse treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Rawls
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, USA.
| | | | - Lindsay S Ham
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, USA
| | - Connie Lamm
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, USA
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16
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17
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Vazquez-Sanroman DB, Arlington Wilson G, Bardo MT. Effects of Social Isolation on Perineuronal Nets in the Amygdala Following a Reward Omission Task in Female Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:348-361. [PMID: 32939692 PMCID: PMC8276715 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02125-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Negative urgency is a facet of impulsivity associated with negative affect and risky behavior that may involve the amygdala. The current study determined if social isolation during development alters negative urgency and c-Fos activity in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Female Sprague-Dawley rats were raised in an isolated condition (IC), a standard social condition (SC), or an enriched condition (EC) and then were tested for locomotor activity, novelty place preference, and negative urgency using a reward omission task. Following performance on the reward omission task, the brains were analyzed for c-Fos expression in Ca2+/calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) and calbindin (CB) neurons, as well as in parvalbumin (PV) neurons associated with perineuronal nets (PNNs) in BLA. IC rats exhibited enhanced locomotion compared with both SC and EC rats, as well as enhanced novelty place preference compared with EC rats; only IC rats showed increased responding following omission of an expected reward (negative urgency). Following completion of the reward omission task, IC rats also displayed increased percent of c-Fos neurons in BLA associated with CaMKII, CB, and PV neurons compared with SC and EC rats. In IC rats, c-Fos activation in BLA occurred following the omission of an expected reward. Finally, IC rats displayed reduced PNN intensity associated with PV neurons compared with EC rats, but the percent of these neurons co-expressing c-Fos was greater in IC rats; SC rats were intermediate between IC and EC rats. Negative urgency was observed in IC rats, but not SC or EC rats. While multiple mechanisms are likely involved, this behavioral effect was associated with an isolation-induced increase in activity of excitatory neurons in BLA, as well as decreased PNN intensity surrounding GABAergic neurons in the same region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M T Bardo
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
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18
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Owens MM, Hyatt CS, Gray JC, Miller JD, Lynam DR, Hahn S, Allgaier N, Potter A, Garavan H. Neuroanatomical correlates of impulsive traits in children aged 9 to 10. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 129:831-844. [PMID: 32897083 PMCID: PMC7606639 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Impulsivity refers to a set of traits that are generally negatively related to critical domains of adaptive functioning and are core features of numerous psychiatric disorders. The current study examined the gray and white matter correlates of five impulsive traits measured using an abbreviated version of the UPPS-P (Urgency, (lack of) Premeditation, (lack of) Perseverance, Sensation-Seeking, Positive Urgency) impulsivity scale in children aged 9 to 10 (N = 11,052) from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Linear mixed effect models and elastic net regression were used to examine features of regional gray matter and white matter tractography most associated with each UPPS-P scale; intraclass correlations were computed to examine the similarity of the neuroanatomical correlates among the scales. Positive Urgency showed the most robust association with neuroanatomy, with similar but less robust associations found for Negative Urgency. Perseverance showed little association with neuroanatomy. Premeditation and Sensation Seeking showed intermediate associations with neuroanatomy. Critical regions across measures include the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, lateral temporal cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex; critical tracts included the superior longitudinal fasciculus and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Negative Urgency and Positive Urgency showed the greatest neuroanatomical similarity. Some UPPS-P traits share neuroanatomical correlates, while others have distinct correlates or essentially no relation to neuroanatomy. Neuroanatomy tended to account for relatively little variance in UPPS-P traits (i.e., Model R2 < 1%) and effects were spread throughout the brain, highlighting the importance of well powered samples. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joshua C. Gray
- Uniformed Services University, Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology
| | | | | | - Sage Hahn
- University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry
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19
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Zhukovsky P, Morein‐Zamir S, Meng C, Dalley JW, Ersche KD. Network failures: When incentives trigger impulsive responses. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:2216-2228. [PMID: 32150321 PMCID: PMC7267965 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate control of impulsive urges to act is demanded in everyday life but is impaired in neuropsychiatric conditions such as stimulant use disorder. Despite intensive research it remains unclear whether failures in impulse control are caused by impaired suppression of behavior or by the over invigoration of behavior by stimuli associated with salient incentives such as drugs, food, and money. We investigated failures in impulse control using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to map the neural correlates of premature (impulsive) responses during the anticipation phase of the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task in healthy controls (HC), stimulant-dependent individuals (SDIs), and their unaffected first-degree siblings (SIB). We combined task-based fMRI analyses with dynamic causal modeling to show that failures of impulse control were associated with interactions between cingulo-opercular and dorsal striatal networks regardless of group status and incentive type. We further report that group-specific incentive salience plays a critical role in modulating impulsivity in SDIs since drug-related incentives specifically increased premature responding and shifted task modulation away from the dorsal striatal network to the cingulo-opercular network. Our findings thus indicate that impulsive actions are elicited by salient personally-relevant incentive stimuli and those such slips of action recruit a distinct fronto-striatal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zhukovsky
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - Chun Meng
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Jeffrey W. Dalley
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Karen D. Ersche
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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20
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Liu M, Argyriou E, Cyders MA. Developmental Considerations for Assessment and Treatment of Impulsivity in Older Adults. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2020; 47:165-177. [PMID: 31907880 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2019_124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Impulsivity is an important factor in many clinical disorders, especially alcohol and substance use disorders. Most of the research on impulsivity in this domain has focused on adolescence and young adulthood, as this developmental period is characterized by onset of and escalation in alcohol and substance use, likely driven in part by brain development patterns. Although many individuals eventually "mature out" of these behaviors in middle adulthood, a critical subset of people do not. The role of impulsivity in middle-to-older adulthood, when certain individuals transition from normative to disordered substance use, has not been carefully examined. The goal of this paper is to review the literature on measuring and modifying impulsivity from adolescence through older adulthood, with a special focus on middle-to-older adulthood. We propose that impulsivity research should include data on middle-to-older adulthood as an important time of transition to disordered use. We consider how impulsivity might have unique meaning at different stages of the adult lifespan and suggest modifications for assessing and treating impulsivity in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Liu
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Eva Argyriou
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Melissa A Cyders
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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21
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Herman AM, Duka T. The Role of Impulsivity Facets on the Incidence and Development of Alcohol Use Disorders. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2020; 47:197-221. [PMID: 32474898 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2020_137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder defined according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association 2013), "by a cluster of behavioural and physical symptoms, which can include, withdrawal, tolerance and craving". Social, emotional, behavioural and cognitive factors are important contributors to AUD. Impulsivity, a multifaceted behavioural concept, defined as a predisposition for rapid and unplanned actions, without considering potential negative consequences of these actions, represents an important such factor. In this chapter, research on the role of distinct impulsivity dimensions in different severity stages of alcohol use is presented.Increased self-reported (trait) impulsivity and an inability to wait, as well as difficulty to adjust behaviour appropriately following a failure to withhold a response are observed across the spectrum of alcohol-use severities. Research on temporal impulsivity (inability to delay gratification) consistently shows deficits in more severe alcohol users. Data on temporal impulsivity in early stages of alcohol use are less consistent, with some studies showing no differences between high and moderate drinkers, while others indicating increased impulsivity in high alcohol users. Data on reflexion impulsivity are currently limited to draw conclusions. Recent research is also presented suggesting the importance of perception and interpretation of physiological and emotional signals on alcohol use behaviour highlighting the necessity of comprehensive integration of the field of the study of emotion and interoception with impulsivity research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Herman
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK.,School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK.,Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Theodora Duka
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK. .,Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK.
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22
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Miglin R, Bounoua N, Goodling S, Sheehan A, Spielberg JM, Sadeh N. Cortical Thickness Links Impulsive Personality Traits and Risky Behavior. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9120373. [PMID: 31847131 PMCID: PMC6955970 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9120373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Impulsive personality traits are often predictive of risky behavior, but not much is known about the neurobiological basis of this relationship. We investigated whether thickness of the cortical mantle varied as a function of impulsive traits and whether such variation also explained recent risky behavior. A community sample of 107 adults (ages 18–55; 54.2% men) completed self-report measures of impulsive traits and risky behavior followed by a neuroimaging protocol. Using the three-factor model of impulsive traits derived from the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, analysis of the entire cortical mantle identified three thickness clusters that related to impulsive traits. Sensation seeking was negatively related to thickness in the right pericalcarine cortex, whereas impulsive urgency was positively associated with thickness in the left superior parietal and right paracentral lobule. Notably, follow-up analyses showed that thickness in the right pericalcarine cortex also related to recent risky behavior, with the identified cluster mediating the association between sensation seeking and risky behavior. Findings suggest that reduced thickness in the pericalcarine region partially explains the link between sensation seeking and the tendency to engage in risky behavior, providing new insight into the neurobiological basis of these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rickie Miglin
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (N.B.); (A.S.); (J.M.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Nadia Bounoua
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (N.B.); (A.S.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Shelly Goodling
- Department of Psychology, York College of Pennsylvania, York, PA 17403, USA;
| | - Ana Sheehan
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (N.B.); (A.S.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Jeffrey M. Spielberg
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (N.B.); (A.S.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Naomi Sadeh
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (N.B.); (A.S.); (J.M.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (N.S.)
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23
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Goulding SP, de Guglielmo G, Carrette LL, George O, Contet C. Systemic Administration of the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor (S)-CR8 Selectively Reduces Escalated Ethanol Intake in Dependent Rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:2079-2089. [PMID: 31403700 PMCID: PMC6779498 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to ethanol (EtOH) and other drugs of abuse can alter the expression and activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) and its cofactor p35, but the functional implication of CDK5 signaling in the regulation of EtOH-related behaviors remains unknown. In the present study, we sought to determine whether CDK5 activity plays a role in the escalation of EtOH self-administration triggered by dependence. METHODS We tested the effect of systemically administered (S)-CR8, a nonselective CDK inhibitor, on operant responding for EtOH or saccharin, a highly palatable reinforcer, in adult male Wistar rats. Half of the rats were made EtOH-dependent via chronic intermittent EtOH inhalation (CIE). We then sought to identify a possible neuroanatomical locus for the behavioral effect of (S)-CR8 by quantifying protein levels of CDK5 and p35 in subregions of the extended amygdala and prefrontal cortex from EtOH-naïve, nondependent, and dependent rats at the expected time of EtOH self-administration. We also analyzed the phosphorylation of 4 CDK5 substrates and of the CDK substrate consensus motif. RESULTS (S)-CR8 dose-dependently reduced EtOH self-administration in dependent rats. It had no effect on water or saccharin self-administration, nor in nondependent rats. The abundance of CDK5 or p35 was not altered in any of the brain regions analyzed. In the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, CDK5 abundance was negatively correlated with intoxication levels during EtOH vapor exposure but there was no effect of dependence on the phosphorylation ratio of CDK5 substrates. In contrast, EtOH dependence increased the phosphorylation of low-molecular-weight CDK substrates in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). CONCLUSIONS The selective effect of (S)-CR8 on excessive EtOH intake has potential therapeutic value for the treatment of alcohol use disorders. Our data do not support the hypothesis that this effect would be mediated by the inhibition of up-regulated CDK5 activity in the extended amygdala nor prefrontal cortex. However, increased activity of CDKs other than CDK5 in the BLA may contribute to excessive EtOH consumption in alcohol dependence. Other (S)-CR8 targets may also be implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P. Goulding
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Giordano de Guglielmo
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lieselot L.G. Carrette
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Olivier George
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Candice Contet
- The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
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24
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Zorrilla EP, Koob GF. Corrigendum: Impulsivity Derived From the Dark Side: Neurocircuits That Contribute to Negative Urgency. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:188. [PMID: 31501652 PMCID: PMC6718814 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eric P Zorrilla
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - George F Koob
- Neurobiology of Addiction Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD, United States
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25
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Zorrilla EP, Koob GF. Impulsivity Derived From the Dark Side: Neurocircuits That Contribute to Negative Urgency. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:136. [PMID: 31293401 PMCID: PMC6603097 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Negative urgency is a unique dimension of impulsivity that involves acting rashly when in extreme distress and impairments in inhibitory control. It has been hypothesized to derive from stress that is related to negative emotional states that are experienced during the withdrawal/negative affect stage of the addiction cycle. Classically, a transition to compulsive drug use prevents or relieves negative emotional states that result from abstinence or stressful environmental circumstances. Recent work suggests that this shift to the "dark side" is also implicated in impulsive use that derives from negative urgency. Stress and anxious, depressed, and irritable mood have high comorbidity with addiction. They may trigger bouts of drug seeking in humans via both negative reinforcement and negative urgency. The neurocircuitry that has been identified in the "dark side" of addiction involves key neuropeptides in the central extended amygdala, including corticotropin-releasing factor. The present review article summarizes empirical and conceptual advances in the field to understand the role of the "dark side" in driving the risky and detrimental substance use that is associated with negative urgency in addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P. Zorrilla
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - George F. Koob
- Neurobiology of Addiction Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD, United States
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