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Takacs A, Stock A, Kuntke P, Werner A, Beste C. On the functional role of striatal and anterior cingulate GABA+ in stimulus-response binding. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:1863-1878. [PMID: 33421290 PMCID: PMC7978129 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful response selection relies on constantly updating stimulus-response associations. The Theory of Event Coding (TEC) proposes that perception and action are conjointly coded in event files, for which fronto-striatal networks seem to play an important role. However, the exact neurobiochemical mechanism behind event file coding has remained unknown. We investigated the functional relevance of the striatal and anterior cingulate (ACC) GABAergic system using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Specifically, the striatal and ACC concentrations of GABA+ referenced against N-acetylaspartate (NAA) were assessed in 35 young healthy males, who subsequently performed a standard event file task. As predicted by the TEC, the participants' responses were modulated by pre-established stimulus response bindings in event files. GABA+/NAA concentrations in the striatum and ACC were not correlated with the overall event binding effect. However, higher GABA+/NAA concentrations in the ACC were correlated with stronger event file binding processes in the early phase of the task. This association disappeared by the end of the task. Taken together, our findings show that striatal GABA+ levels does not seem to modulate event file binding, while ACC GABA+ seem to improve event file binding, but only as long as the participants have not yet gathered sufficient task experience. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study providing direct evidence for the role of striatal and ACC GABA+ in stimulus-response bindings and thus insights into the brain structure-specific neurobiological aspects of the TEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Takacs
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Ann‐Kathrin Stock
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTU DresdenDresdenGermany
- Biopsychology, Department of Psychology, School of ScienceTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Paul Kuntke
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional NeuroradiologyTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Annett Werner
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional NeuroradiologyTU DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTU DresdenDresdenGermany
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Kim YE, Kim YJ, Hwang HS, Ma HI. REM sleep behavior disorder in early Parkinson's disease predicts the rapid dopaminergic denervation. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 80:120-126. [PMID: 32987358 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in early Parkinson's disease (PD) predicts rapid progression of dopaminergic denervation. METHODS 123I-FP-CIT single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans were performed sequentially at baseline, 1 year, 2 years, and 4 years in 416 de novo patients with PD. RBD screening questionnaire scores >5 at baseline placed the participant in the likely-RBD group. Temporal changes in the specific binding ratio (SBR; caudate, putamen. sum of both, striatum) were compared between the likely-RBD and the non-likely-RBD groups for more or less affected striatum with a repeated measure ANOVA. RESULTS Likely-RBD was reported in 37.7% of the drug-naïve PD patients at baseline. The likely-RBD and non-likely-RBD groups did not have significant differences in the baseline clinical features including gender, age, disease duration, UPDRS motor score, and striatal SBR. Striatal SBR decreased significantly over four years in both groups (P < .001). In the analysis of a more affected striatum, striatal SBR decreased significantly faster in the likely-RBD group than in the non-likely-RBD group (P < .05 for all), whereas it was not statistically significant for the less affected striatum. The mean striatal SBR value (mean value of both striata), especially the caudate SBR, indicated greater acceleration of denervation in the likely-RBD group than in the non-likely-RBD group over time (P < .05). CONCLUSION Likely-RBD in PD predicts accelerating dopaminergic denervation, thereby implicating it as a marker for a poor prognosis or distinctive subtype in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Eun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea; Hallym Neurological Institute, Hallym University, South Korea
| | - Yun Joong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Yongin Yonsei University Hospital, Yonsei University, South Korea
| | - Hee Sung Hwang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea.
| | - Hyeo-Il Ma
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, South Korea; Hallym Neurological Institute, Hallym University, South Korea.
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Lawn W, Mithchener L, Freeman TP, Benattayallah A, Bisby JA, Wall MB, Dodds CM, Curran HV, Morgan CJA. Value-based decision-making of cigarette and nondrug rewards in dependent and occasional cigarette smokers: An FMRI study. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12802. [PMID: 31328850 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the neural functioning that underpins drug valuation and choice in addiction, including nicotine dependence. Following ad libitum smoking, 19 dependent smokers (smoked≥10/day) and 19 occasional smokers (smoked 0.5-5/week) completed a decision-making task. First, participants stated how much they were willing-to-pay for various amounts of cigarettes and shop vouchers. Second, during functional magnetic resonance imaging, participants decided if they wanted to buy these cigarettes and vouchers for a set amount of money. We examined decision-making behaviour and brain activity when faced with cigarette and voucher decisions, purchasing (vs not purchasing) cigarettes and vouchers, and "value signals" where brain activity correlated with cigarette and voucher value. Dependent smokers had a higher willingness-to-pay for cigarettes and greater activity in the bilateral middle temporal gyrus when faced with cigarette decisions than occasional smokers. Across both groups, the decision to buy cigarettes was associated with activity in the left paracingulate gyrus, right nucleus accumbens, and left amygdala. The decision to buy vouchers was associated with activity in the left superior frontal gyrus, but dependent smokers showed weaker activity in the left posterior cingulate gyrus than occasional smokers. Across both groups, cigarette value signals were observed in the left striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. To summarise, nicotine dependence was associated with greater behavioural valuation of cigarettes and brain activity during cigarette decisions. When purchasing cigarettes and vouchers, reward and decision-related brain regions were activated in both groups. For the first time, we identified value signals for cigarettes in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will Lawn
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, UK
| | - Ludo Mithchener
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, UK
| | - Tom P Freeman
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, UK
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
- Addiction and Mental Health Group (AIM), University of Bath, UK
| | | | - James A Bisby
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
| | - Matt B Wall
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, UK
- Invicro, Invicro London, UK
| | | | - Helen V Curran
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, UK
| | - Celia J A Morgan
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, University College London, UK
- Psychopharmacology and Addiction Research Centre, University of Exeter, UK
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Pépin J, de Longprez L, Trovero F, Brouillet E, Valette J, Flament J. Complementarity of gluCEST and 1 H-MRS for the study of mouse models of Huntington's disease. NMR Biomed 2020; 33:e4301. [PMID: 32198958 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Identification of relevant biomarkers is fundamental to understand biological processes of neurodegenerative diseases and to evaluate therapeutic efficacy. Atrophy of brain structures has been proposed as a biomarker, but it provides little information about biochemical events related to the disease. Here, we propose to identify early and relevant biomarkers by combining biological specificity provided by 1 H-MRS and high spatial resolution offered by gluCEST imaging. For this, two different genetic mouse models of Huntington's disease (HD)-the Ki140CAG model, characterized by a slow progression of the disease, and the R6/1 model, which mimics the juvenile form of HD-were used. Animals were scanned at 11.7 T using a protocol combining 1 H-MRS and gluCEST imaging. We measured a significant decrease in levels of N-acetyl-aspartate, a metabolite mainly located in the neuronal compartment, in HD animals, and the decrease seemed to be correlated with disease severity. In addition, variations of tNAA levels were correlated with striatal volumes in both models. Significant variations of glutamate levels were also observed in Ki140CAG but not in R6/1 mice. Thanks to its high resolution, gluCEST provided complementary insights, and we highlighted alterations in small brain regions such as the corpus callosum in Ki140CAG mice, whereas the glutamate level was unchanged in the whole brain of R6/1 mice. In this study, we showed that 1 H-MRS can provide key information about biological processes occurring in vivo but was limited by the spatial resolution. On the other hand, gluCEST may finely point to alterations in unexpected brain regions, but it can also be blind to disease processes when glutamate levels are preserved. This highlights in a practical context the complementarity of the two methods to study animal models of neurodegenerative diseases and to identify relevant biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Pépin
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut de biologie François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Lucie de Longprez
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut de biologie François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Brouillet
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut de biologie François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Julien Valette
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut de biologie François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Julien Flament
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut de biologie François Jacob, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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Shin S, Kim K, Pak K, Nam HY, Im HJ, Lee MJ, Kim SJ, Kim IJ. Effects of animal handling on striatal DAT availability in rats. Ann Nucl Med 2020; 34:496-501. [PMID: 32424547 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-020-01476-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive technique measuring quantification of physiological and biochemical processes in the living organism. However, there are many considerations including anesthesia and fasting to acquire small animal imaging. We aimed to evaluate the effects of anesthesia and fasting of rats in dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging acquisition. METHODS Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats aged 7 weeks and weighing 180-260 g were used in this study. Rats were randomly divided by 4 groups. Group A was kept under anesthesia for 40 min and fasted over 12 h. Group B was only fasted over 12 h. Group C was only kept under anesthesia for 40 min. Group D was neither kept under anesthesia nor fasted over 12 h. PET scans were started at 40 min after 18F-FP-CIT injection and obtained for 20 min. Volumes-of-interest for striatum and extrastriatal area were used for 18F-FP-CIT PET analysis. Cerebellum was considered as a reference region. Specific binding ratio (SBR) was calculated as follows: [(uptake of target-uptake of cerebellum)]/(uptake of cerebellum). RESULTS SBR without fasting and anesthesia (group D) was significantly lower than those of other groups (vs group A, p = 0.0004; vs group B, p = 0.0377; vs group C, p = 0.0134). However, SBRs of extrastriatal area (p = 0.5120) were not affected by fasting and anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the SBR of striatum was increased after anesthesia by isoflurane and fasting. When designing an experiment using DAT imaging, the effects of isoflurane and fasting should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyeon Shin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Keunyoung Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungjune Pak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Yeol Nam
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyung-Jun Im
- Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jun Lee
- Department of Neurology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jang Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - In Joo Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49241, Republic of Korea.
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Zhukovsky P, Morein‐Zamir S, Meng C, Dalley JW, Ersche KD. Network failures: When incentives trigger impulsive responses. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:2216-2228. [PMID: 32150321 PMCID: PMC7267965 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate control of impulsive urges to act is demanded in everyday life but is impaired in neuropsychiatric conditions such as stimulant use disorder. Despite intensive research it remains unclear whether failures in impulse control are caused by impaired suppression of behavior or by the over invigoration of behavior by stimuli associated with salient incentives such as drugs, food, and money. We investigated failures in impulse control using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to map the neural correlates of premature (impulsive) responses during the anticipation phase of the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task in healthy controls (HC), stimulant-dependent individuals (SDIs), and their unaffected first-degree siblings (SIB). We combined task-based fMRI analyses with dynamic causal modeling to show that failures of impulse control were associated with interactions between cingulo-opercular and dorsal striatal networks regardless of group status and incentive type. We further report that group-specific incentive salience plays a critical role in modulating impulsivity in SDIs since drug-related incentives specifically increased premature responding and shifted task modulation away from the dorsal striatal network to the cingulo-opercular network. Our findings thus indicate that impulsive actions are elicited by salient personally-relevant incentive stimuli and those such slips of action recruit a distinct fronto-striatal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zhukovsky
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - Chun Meng
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Jeffrey W. Dalley
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Karen D. Ersche
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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Hegarty II JP, Lazzeroni LC, Raman MM, Hallmayer JF, Cleveland SC, Wolke ON, Phillips JM, Reiss AL, Hardan AY. Genetic and environmental influences on corticostriatal circuits in twins with autism. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2020; 45:188-197. [PMID: 31603639 PMCID: PMC7828974 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.190030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corticostriatal circuits (CSC) have been implicated in the presentation of some restricted and repetitive behaviours (RRBs) in children with autism-spectrum disorder (ASD), and preliminary evidence suggests that disruptions in these pathways may be associated with differences in genetic and environmental influences on brain development. The objective of this investigation was to examine the impact of genetic and environmental factors on CSC regions in twins with and without ASD and to evaluate their relationship with the severity of RRBs. METHODS We obtained T1-weighted MRIs from same-sex monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs, aged 6–15 years. Good-quality data were available from 48 ASD pairs (n = 96 twins; 30 pairs concordant for ASD, 15 monozygotic and 15 dizygotic; 18 pairs discordant for ASD, 4 monozygotic and 14 dizygotic) and 34 typically developing control pairs (n = 68 twins; 20 monozygotic and 14 dizygotic pairs). We generated structural measures of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), caudate, putamen, pallidum and thalamus using FreeSurfer. Twin pair comparisons included intraclass correlation analyses and ACE modelling (a2 = additive genetics; c2 = common or shared environment; e2 = unique or nonshared environment). We also assessed correlations with RRB severity. RESULTS Structural variation in CSC regions was predominantly genetically mediated in typically developing twins (a2 = 0.56 to 0.87), except for ACC white matter volume (a2 = 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.08 to 0.77). We also observed similar magnitudes of genetic influence in twins with ASD (a2 = 0.65 to 0.97), but the cortical thickness of the ACC (c2 = 0.44, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.66) and OFC (c2 = 0.60, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.95) was primarily associated with environmental factors in only twins with ASD. Twin pair differences in OFC grey matter volume were also correlated with RRB severity and were predominantly environmentally mediated. LIMITATIONS We obtained MRIs on 2 scanners, and analytical approaches could not identify specific genetic and environmental factors. CONCLUSION Genetic factors primarily contribute to structural variation in subcortical CSC regions, regardless of ASD, but environmental factors may exert a greater influence on the development of grey matter thickness in the OFC and ACC in children with ASD. The increased vulnerability of OFC grey matter to environmental influences may also mediate some heterogeneity in RRB severity in children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P. Hegarty II
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Hegarty, Lazzeroni, Raman, Hallmayer, Cleveland, Phillips, Reiss, Hardan); the Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Lazzeroni); and the Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Wolke)
| | - Laura C. Lazzeroni
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Hegarty, Lazzeroni, Raman, Hallmayer, Cleveland, Phillips, Reiss, Hardan); the Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Lazzeroni); and the Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Wolke)
| | - Mira M. Raman
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Hegarty, Lazzeroni, Raman, Hallmayer, Cleveland, Phillips, Reiss, Hardan); the Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Lazzeroni); and the Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Wolke)
| | - Joachim F. Hallmayer
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Hegarty, Lazzeroni, Raman, Hallmayer, Cleveland, Phillips, Reiss, Hardan); the Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Lazzeroni); and the Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Wolke)
| | - Sue C. Cleveland
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Hegarty, Lazzeroni, Raman, Hallmayer, Cleveland, Phillips, Reiss, Hardan); the Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Lazzeroni); and the Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Wolke)
| | - Olga N. Wolke
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Hegarty, Lazzeroni, Raman, Hallmayer, Cleveland, Phillips, Reiss, Hardan); the Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Lazzeroni); and the Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Wolke)
| | - Jennifer M. Phillips
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Hegarty, Lazzeroni, Raman, Hallmayer, Cleveland, Phillips, Reiss, Hardan); the Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Lazzeroni); and the Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Wolke)
| | - Allan L. Reiss
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Hegarty, Lazzeroni, Raman, Hallmayer, Cleveland, Phillips, Reiss, Hardan); the Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Lazzeroni); and the Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Wolke)
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Kirschner M, Cathomas F, Manoliu A, Habermeyer B, Simon JJ, Seifritz E, Tobler PN, Kaiser S. Shared and dissociable features of apathy and reward system dysfunction in bipolar I disorder and schizophrenia. Psychol Med 2020; 50:936-947. [PMID: 30994080 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719000801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder I (BD-I) is defined by episodes of mania, depression and euthymic states. These episodes are among other symptoms characterized by altered reward processing and negative symptoms (NS), in particular apathy. However, the neural correlates of these deficits are not well understood. METHODS We first assessed the severity of NS in 25 euthymic BD-I patients compared with 25 healthy controls (HC) and 27 patients with schizophrenia (SZ). Then, we investigated ventral (VS) and dorsal striatal (DS) activation during reward anticipation in a Monetary Incentive Delayed Task and its association with NS. RESULTS In BD-I patients NS were clearly present and the severity of apathy was comparable to SZ patients. Apathy scores in the BD-I group but not in the SZ group correlated with sub-syndromal depression scores. At the neural level, we found significant VS and DS activation in BD-I patients and no group differences with HC or SZ patients. In contrast to patients with SZ, apathy did not correlate with striatal activation during reward anticipation. Explorative whole-brain analyses revealed reduced extra-striatal activation in BD-I patients compared with HC and an association between reduced activation of the inferior frontal gyrus and apathy. CONCLUSION This study found that in BD-I patients apathy is present to an extent comparable to SZ, but is more strongly related to sub-syndromal depressive symptoms. The findings support the view of different pathophysiological mechanisms underlying apathy in the two disorders and suggest that extra-striatal dysfunction may contribute to impaired reward processing and apathy in BD-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kirschner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, 8032Zurich, Switzerland
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Flurin Cathomas
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, 8032Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andrei Manoliu
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, 8032Zurich, Switzerland
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Max Planck University College London Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joe J Simon
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, 8032Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, 8057Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philippe N Tobler
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, 8057Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Economics, Laboratory for Social and Neural Systems Research, University of Zurich, 8006Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Kaiser
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Chemin du Petit-Bel-Air, 1225 Chêne-Bourg, Switzerland
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Jiang D, Kong Y, Ren S, Cai H, Zhang Z, Huang Z, Peng F, Hua F, Guan Y, Xie F. Decreased striatal vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) expression in a type 1 diabetic rat model: A longitudinal study using micro-PET/CT. Nucl Med Biol 2020; 82-83:89-95. [PMID: 32120243 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for Parkinson's disease. These diseases share similar pathogenic pathways, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and altered metabolism. Despite these similarities, the pathogenic relationship between these two diseases is unclear. [18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ is a promising radiotracer targeting VMAT2, which has been used to measure β-cell mass and to diagnose Parkinson's disease. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of type 1 diabetes on VMAT2 expression in the striatum using [18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ. MATERIALS AND METHODS A longitudinal study of type 1 diabetic rats was established by intraperitoneally injecting male Wistar rats with streptozotocin. Rats injected with saline were used as the control group. Glucose level, body weight, and [18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ uptake in the striatum and pancreas were evaluated at 0.5, 1, 4, 6 and 12 months after STZ or saline injection. RESULTS At one-half month post-STZ injection, the glucose levels in these rats increased and then returned to a normal level at 6 months. Along with increased glucose levels, body weight was also decreased significantly and returned slowly to a normal level. β-Cell mass and striatal [18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ uptake were impaired significantly at 2 weeks post-STZ injection in type 1 diabetic rats and returned to a normal level at 6 and 4 months post-STZ injection. CONCLUSIONS Due to increased glucose levels and decreased β-cell mass, decreased [18F]FP-(+)-DTBZ uptake in the striatum was observed in type 1 diabetic rats. Decreased BCM and increased glucose levels were correlated with VMAT2 expression in the striatum which indicated DM is a risk factor for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglang Jiang
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Kong
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhua Ren
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China
| | - Huawei Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengwei Zhang
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China
| | - Zheming Huang
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyu Peng
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390 Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Fengchun Hua
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Guan
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China.
| | - Fang Xie
- PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 200040 Shanghai, China.
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10
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Colon-Perez LM, Turner SM, Lubke KN, Pompilus M, Febo M, Burke SN. Multiscale Imaging Reveals Aberrant Functional Connectome Organization and Elevated Dorsal Striatal Arc Expression in Advanced Age. eNeuro 2019; 6:ENEURO.0047-19.2019. [PMID: 31826916 PMCID: PMC6978920 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0047-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional connectome reflects a network architecture enabling adaptive behavior that becomes vulnerable in advanced age. The cellular mechanisms that contribute to altered functional connectivity in old age, however, are not known. Here we used a multiscale imaging approach to link age-related changes in the functional connectome to altered expression of the activity-dependent immediate-early gene Arc as a function of training to multitask on a working memory (WM)/biconditional association task (BAT). Resting-state fMRI data were collected from young and aged rats longitudinally at three different timepoints during cognitive training. After imaging, rats performed the WM/BAT and were immediately sacrificed to examine expression levels of Arc during task performance. Aged behaviorally impaired, but not young, rats had a subnetwork of increased connectivity between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsal striatum (DS) that was correlated with the use of a suboptimal response-based strategy during cognitive testing. Moreover, while young rats had stable rich-club organization across three scanning sessions, the rich-club organization of old rats increased with cognitive training. In a control group of young and aged rats that were longitudinally scanned at similar time intervals, but without cognitive training, ACC-DS connectivity and rich-club organization did not change between scans in either age group. These findings suggest that aberrant large-scale functional connectivity in aged animals is associated with altered cellular activity patterns within individual brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Colon-Perez
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697
| | - Sean M Turner
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Katelyn N Lubke
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Marjory Pompilus
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Marcelo Febo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
- Department of McKnight Brain Institute and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Sara N Burke
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
- Department of McKnight Brain Institute and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610
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11
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Chu Y, Muller S, Tavares A, Barret O, Alagille D, Seibyl J, Tamagnan G, Marek K, Luk KC, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY, Kordower JH. Intrastriatal alpha-synuclein fibrils in monkeys: spreading, imaging and neuropathological changes. Brain 2019; 142:3565-3579. [PMID: 31580415 PMCID: PMC7962904 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated that intrastriatal injections of fibrillar α-synuclein in rodent brain induced a Parkinson's disease-like propagation of Lewy body pathology with significant nigrostriatal neurodegeneration. This study evaluated the pathological features when exogenous α-synuclein preformed fibrils were injected into the putamen of non-human primates. Eight cynomolgus monkeys received unilateral intraputamen injections of α-synuclein preformed fibrils and four monkeys received sham surgery. Monkeys were assessed with 123I-PE2I single-photon emission computerized tomography scans targeting the dopamine transprter at baseline, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 months. Imaging revealed a robust increase in dopamine transporter binding, an effect confirmed by port-mortem immunohistochemical analyses, suggesting that upregulation of dopamine transporter occurs as part of an early pathological process. Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry revealed that α-synuclein preformed fibrils injections into the putamen induced intraneuronal inclusions positive for phosphorylated α-synuclein in ipsilateral substantia nigra and adjacent to the injection site. α-Synuclein inclusions were thioflavin-S-positive suggesting that the inclusions induced by α-synuclein preformed fibrils exhibited pathological properties similar to amyloid-like Lewy body pathology in Parkinson's disease brains. The α-synuclein preformed fibrils resulted in Lewy pathology in the ipsilateral substantia nigra with significant reduction (-29.30%) of dopaminergic neurons as compared with controls. Nigral neurons with α-synuclein inclusions exhibited a phenotypic downregulation of the dopamine markers tyrosine hydroxylase and Nurr1. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that α-synuclein preformed fibrils induce a synucleinopathy in non-human primates with authentic Lewy pathology and nigrostriatal changes indicative of early Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Chu
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Scott Muller
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - John Seibyl
- Molecular NeuroImaging, LLC New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Ken Marek
- Molecular NeuroImaging, LLC New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kelvin C Luk
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Virginia M Y Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Kordower
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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12
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Alves-Pinto A, Rus OG, Reess TJ, Wohlschläger A, Wagner G, Berberich G, Koch K. Altered reward-related effective connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder: an fMRI study. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2019; 44:395-406. [PMID: 30964615 PMCID: PMC6821506 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.180195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by anxiety-provoking, obsessive thoughts. Patients usually react to these thoughts with repetitive behaviours that reduce anxiety and are perceived as rewarding. Hence, reward plays a major role in the psychopathology of OCD. Previous studies showed altered activation in frontostriatal networks, among others, in association with the processing of reward in patients with OCD. Potential alterations in connectivity within these networks have, however, barely been explored. METHODS We investigated a sample of patients with OCD and healthy controls using functional MRI and a reward learning task presented in an event-related design. Dynamic causal modelling (DCM) was used to estimate effective connectivity. RESULTS Our sample included 37 patients with OCD and 39 healthy controls. Analyses of task-related changes in connectivity showed a significantly altered effective connectivity between the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), among others, both in terms of endogenous connectivity as well as modulatory effects under positive feedback. Clinical measures of compulsion correlated with the effect of feedback input on visual sensory areas. LIMITATIONS The reported alterations should be interpreted within the context of the task and the a priori–defined network considered in the analysis. CONCLUSION This disrupted connectivity in parts of the default mode network and the frontostriatal network may indicate increased rumination and self-related processing impairing the responsiveness toward external rewards. This, in turn, may underlie the general urge for reinforcement accompanying compulsive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Alves-Pinto
- From the Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC) School of Medicine of Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the Research Unit of the Buhl-Strohmaier Foundation for Pediatric Neuroorthopaedics and Cerebral Palsy, Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Alves-Pinto); the Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences GSN, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Biocenter, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Koch); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (Wagner); the Windach Institute and Hospital of Neurobehavioural Research and Therapy (WINTR), Windach, Germany (Berberich); and the Department of Neuroradiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Rus)
| | - Oana Georgiana Rus
- From the Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC) School of Medicine of Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the Research Unit of the Buhl-Strohmaier Foundation for Pediatric Neuroorthopaedics and Cerebral Palsy, Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Alves-Pinto); the Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences GSN, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Biocenter, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Koch); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (Wagner); the Windach Institute and Hospital of Neurobehavioural Research and Therapy (WINTR), Windach, Germany (Berberich); and the Department of Neuroradiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Rus)
| | - Tim Jonas Reess
- From the Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC) School of Medicine of Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the Research Unit of the Buhl-Strohmaier Foundation for Pediatric Neuroorthopaedics and Cerebral Palsy, Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Alves-Pinto); the Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences GSN, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Biocenter, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Koch); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (Wagner); the Windach Institute and Hospital of Neurobehavioural Research and Therapy (WINTR), Windach, Germany (Berberich); and the Department of Neuroradiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Rus)
| | - Afra Wohlschläger
- From the Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC) School of Medicine of Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the Research Unit of the Buhl-Strohmaier Foundation for Pediatric Neuroorthopaedics and Cerebral Palsy, Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Alves-Pinto); the Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences GSN, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Biocenter, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Koch); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (Wagner); the Windach Institute and Hospital of Neurobehavioural Research and Therapy (WINTR), Windach, Germany (Berberich); and the Department of Neuroradiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Rus)
| | - Gerd Wagner
- From the Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC) School of Medicine of Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the Research Unit of the Buhl-Strohmaier Foundation for Pediatric Neuroorthopaedics and Cerebral Palsy, Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Alves-Pinto); the Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences GSN, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Biocenter, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Koch); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (Wagner); the Windach Institute and Hospital of Neurobehavioural Research and Therapy (WINTR), Windach, Germany (Berberich); and the Department of Neuroradiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Rus)
| | - Götz Berberich
- From the Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC) School of Medicine of Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the Research Unit of the Buhl-Strohmaier Foundation for Pediatric Neuroorthopaedics and Cerebral Palsy, Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Alves-Pinto); the Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences GSN, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Biocenter, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Koch); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (Wagner); the Windach Institute and Hospital of Neurobehavioural Research and Therapy (WINTR), Windach, Germany (Berberich); and the Department of Neuroradiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Rus)
| | - Kathrin Koch
- From the Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC) School of Medicine of Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München TUM, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675 Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Wohlschläger, Koch); the Research Unit of the Buhl-Strohmaier Foundation for Pediatric Neuroorthopaedics and Cerebral Palsy, Department of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany (Alves-Pinto); the Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences GSN, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Biocenter, Munich, Germany (Rus, Reess, Koch); the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany (Wagner); the Windach Institute and Hospital of Neurobehavioural Research and Therapy (WINTR), Windach, Germany (Berberich); and the Department of Neuroradiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland (Rus)
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13
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Hanssen H, Steinhardt J, Münchau A, Al-Zubaidi A, Tzvi E, Heldmann M, Schramm P, Neumann A, Rasche D, Saryyeva A, Voges J, Galazky I, Büntjen L, Heinze HJ, Krauss JK, Tronnier V, Münte TF, Brüggemann N. Cerebello-striatal interaction mediates effects of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019; 67:99-104. [PMID: 31494048 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Parkinson's disease (PD), dopamine replacement therapy (DRT) enhances the effective connectivity of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and supplementary motor area (SMA). The clinical effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) go beyond DRT effects including highly beneficial tremor suppression. OBJECTIVES Here, we aimed to determine DBS-related changes of a motor network using resting state fMRI in PD patients with chronic STN DBS. METHODS In a repeated-measurement design, 26 medicated PD patients (60.9 years (SD 8.9)) were investigated using resting state fMRI while bipolar STN stimulation was (i) active or (ii) switched off, and dynamic causal modelling was subsequently performed. RESULTS DBS improved the MDS-UPDRS-III score by 26.4% (DBS ON/Med ON vs. DBS OFF/Med ON). Active stimulation resulted in an increased effective connectivity from cerebellum to putamen (p = 0.00118). In addition, there was a stronger coupling from PFC to cerebellum (p = 0.021), as well as from cerebellum to SMA (p = 0.043) on an uncorrected level. Coupling strength from PFC to cerebellum correlated with the DBS-related change of the resting tremor subscore (r = 0.54, p = 0.031). Self-connections increased as a function of DBS in the right PFC, PMC, SMA, M1, thalamus and left cerebellum. CONCLUSIONS DBS-related improvement of Parkinsonian signs appears to be driven by an interaction between the cerebellum and the putamen. Resting tremor suppression may be related to an enhanced prefronto-cerebellar network. Activation of the mesial premotor loop (PFC-SMA) as seen in DRT may thus be secondary due to the primary modulation of cerebellar networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Hanssen
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julia Steinhardt
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Elinor Tzvi
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marcus Heldmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peter Schramm
- Institute of Neuroradiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Dirk Rasche
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Assel Saryyeva
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School Hanover, MHH, Hanover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Voges
- Department of Stereotactic Neurosurgery, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany; Leibniz Institute of Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Imke Galazky
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lars Büntjen
- Department of Stereotactic Neurosurgery, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jochen Heinze
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Joachim K Krauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School Hanover, MHH, Hanover, Germany
| | - Volker Tronnier
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Thomas F Münte
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Institute of Psychology II, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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14
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Martinez D, Slifstein M, Matuskey D, Nabulsi N, Zheng MQ, Lin SF, Ropchan J, Urban N, Grassetti A, Chang D, Salling M, Foltin R, Carson RE, Huang Y. Kappa-opioid receptors, dynorphin, and cocaine addiction: a positron emission tomography study. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:1720-1727. [PMID: 31026862 PMCID: PMC6785004 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-019-0398-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Animal studies indicate that the kappa-opioid receptor/dynorphin system plays an important role in cocaine binges and stress-induced relapse. Our goal was to investigate changes in kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) availability in the human brain using positron emission tomography (PET), before and after a cocaine binge. We also investigated the correlation between KOR and stress-induced cocaine self-administration. PET imaging was performed with the KOR selective agonist [11C]GR103545. Subjects with cocaine-use disorder (CUD) underwent PET scans and performed two types of cocaine self-administration sessions in the laboratory as follows: (1) choice sessions following a cold pressor test, to induce stress, and (2) binge dosing of cocaine. This allowed us investigate the following: (1) the association between KOR binding and a laboratory model of stress-induced relapse and (2) the change in KOR binding following a 3-day cocaine binge, which is thought to represent a change in endogenous dynorphin. A group of matched healthy controls was included to investigate between group differences in KOR availability. A significant association between [11C]GR103545 binding and cocaine self-administration was seen: greater KOR availability was associated with more choices for cocaine. In addition, the 3-day cocaine binge significantly reduced [11C]GR103545 binding by 18% in the striatum and 14% across brain regions. No difference in [11C]GR103545 binding was found between the CUD subjects and matched controls. In the context of previous studies, these findings add to the growing evidence that pharmacotherapies targeting the KOR have the potential to significantly impact treatment development for cocaine-use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Martinez
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Mark Slifstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Matuskey
- Yale PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nabeel Nabulsi
- Yale PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ming-Qiang Zheng
- Yale PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shu-Fei Lin
- Yale PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jim Ropchan
- Yale PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nina Urban
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Grassetti
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dinnisa Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Salling
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Foltin
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard E Carson
- Yale PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yiyun Huang
- Yale PET Center, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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15
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Lamers A, Toepper M, Fernando SC, Schlosser N, Bauer E, Woermann F, Driessen M, Beblo T. Nonacceptance of negative emotions in women with borderline personality disorder: association with neuroactivity of the dorsal striatum. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2019; 44:303-312. [PMID: 30964611 PMCID: PMC6710090 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.180077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotion dysfunction is a key symptom in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and is considered a consequence of dysfunctional emotion regulation (e.g., reduced emotion acceptance). In the present functional MRI (fMRI) study, we investigated the neural correlates of habitual emotion acceptance in individuals with BPD. METHODS Female patients with BPD and female healthy controls passively viewed negative and neutral movie clips of faces during fMRI. We assessed emotion acceptance using the Emotion Acceptance Questionnaire (EAQ). To examine brain activation associated with habitual emotional acceptance of negative stimuli, the EAQ score was included as a regressor of interest in brain data analyses of activation intensity during negative compared with neutral movies. RESULTS We included 20 women with BPD and 20 heatlhy controls in our analysis. Compared with healthy controls, patients with BPD showed significantly more activation in frontostriatal brain regions (i.e., left superior frontal gyrus, right caudate) as well as in the left precuneus, left precentral gyrus, left posterior cingulate cortex and left hippocampus when confronted with negative (v. neutral) stimuli. Patients with BPD reported decreased emotion acceptance compared with healthy controls, and habitual emotion acceptance was inversely associated with activation of striatal areas (i.e., left putamen, left caudate) in patients with BPD. LIMITATIONS Causal conclusions are not possible. Comorbid diagnoses were not excluded, and only female participants were investigated. Stimuli were not rated immediately and may not be generalizable to all negative emotions. We cannot make any statements about other emotion-regulation strategies that may have been applied here. CONCLUSION Data indicate that striatal hyperactivation during the processing of negative stimuli in women with BPD is related to their decreased disposition to accept unpleasant emotional states. Thus, individuals with BPD may benefit from therapy approaches that focus on emotion acceptance in order to normalize emotional reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Lamers
- From the Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Research Division, Germany (Lamers, Toepper, Fernando, Schlosser, Driessen, Beblo); the Bielefeld University, Department of Psychology, Beielefeld, Germany (Lamers, Driessen, Beblo); the University of Giessen, Cognitive Neuroscience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Germany (Bauer); and the Mara Hospital, Bethel Epilepsy Center, Bielefeld, Germany (Woermann)
| | - Max Toepper
- From the Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Research Division, Germany (Lamers, Toepper, Fernando, Schlosser, Driessen, Beblo); the Bielefeld University, Department of Psychology, Beielefeld, Germany (Lamers, Driessen, Beblo); the University of Giessen, Cognitive Neuroscience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Germany (Bauer); and the Mara Hospital, Bethel Epilepsy Center, Bielefeld, Germany (Woermann)
| | - Silvia Carvalho Fernando
- From the Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Research Division, Germany (Lamers, Toepper, Fernando, Schlosser, Driessen, Beblo); the Bielefeld University, Department of Psychology, Beielefeld, Germany (Lamers, Driessen, Beblo); the University of Giessen, Cognitive Neuroscience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Germany (Bauer); and the Mara Hospital, Bethel Epilepsy Center, Bielefeld, Germany (Woermann)
| | - Nicole Schlosser
- From the Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Research Division, Germany (Lamers, Toepper, Fernando, Schlosser, Driessen, Beblo); the Bielefeld University, Department of Psychology, Beielefeld, Germany (Lamers, Driessen, Beblo); the University of Giessen, Cognitive Neuroscience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Germany (Bauer); and the Mara Hospital, Bethel Epilepsy Center, Bielefeld, Germany (Woermann)
| | - Eva Bauer
- From the Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Research Division, Germany (Lamers, Toepper, Fernando, Schlosser, Driessen, Beblo); the Bielefeld University, Department of Psychology, Beielefeld, Germany (Lamers, Driessen, Beblo); the University of Giessen, Cognitive Neuroscience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Germany (Bauer); and the Mara Hospital, Bethel Epilepsy Center, Bielefeld, Germany (Woermann)
| | - Friedrich Woermann
- From the Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Research Division, Germany (Lamers, Toepper, Fernando, Schlosser, Driessen, Beblo); the Bielefeld University, Department of Psychology, Beielefeld, Germany (Lamers, Driessen, Beblo); the University of Giessen, Cognitive Neuroscience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Germany (Bauer); and the Mara Hospital, Bethel Epilepsy Center, Bielefeld, Germany (Woermann)
| | - Martin Driessen
- From the Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Research Division, Germany (Lamers, Toepper, Fernando, Schlosser, Driessen, Beblo); the Bielefeld University, Department of Psychology, Beielefeld, Germany (Lamers, Driessen, Beblo); the University of Giessen, Cognitive Neuroscience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Germany (Bauer); and the Mara Hospital, Bethel Epilepsy Center, Bielefeld, Germany (Woermann)
| | - Thomas Beblo
- From the Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Bethel, Research Division, Germany (Lamers, Toepper, Fernando, Schlosser, Driessen, Beblo); the Bielefeld University, Department of Psychology, Beielefeld, Germany (Lamers, Driessen, Beblo); the University of Giessen, Cognitive Neuroscience at the Centre for Psychiatry, Germany (Bauer); and the Mara Hospital, Bethel Epilepsy Center, Bielefeld, Germany (Woermann)
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Harms MB, Casement MD, Teoh JY, Ruiz S, Scott H, Wedan R, Quevedo K. Adolescent suicide attempts and ideation are linked to brain function during peer interactions. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019; 289:1-9. [PMID: 31102892 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the neural correlates of social interaction among depressed adolescents with suicidal tendencies might help personalize treatment. We tested whether brain function during social interaction is disrupted for depressed adolescents with (1) high suicide ideation and (2) recent attempts. Depressed adolescents with high suicide ideation, including attempters (n = 45;HS) or low suicide ideation (n = 42;LS), and healthy adolescents (n = 39;HC), completed a version of the Cyberball peer interaction task during an fMRI scan. Groups were compared on brain activity during peer exclusion and inclusion versus a non-social condition. During peer exclusion and inclusion, HS youth showed significantly lower activity in precentral and postcentral gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, insula, and putamen compared to LS youth; and significantly reduced activity in caudate and anterior cingulate cortex compared to HC youth. In a second analysis, suicide attempters (n = 26;SA) were compared to other groups. SA adolescents showed significantly higher activity in ACC and superior and middle frontal gyrus than all other groups. Brain activity was significantly correlated with negative emotionality, social functioning, and cognitive control. Conclusions: Adolescent suicide ideation and attempts were linked to altered neural function during positive and negative peer interactions. We discuss the implications of these findings for suicide prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline B Harms
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Jia Yuan Teoh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sarah Ruiz
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hannah Scott
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Riley Wedan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Karina Quevedo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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17
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Montag C, Bleek B, Reuter M, Müller T, Weber B, Faber J, Markett S. Ventral striatum and stuttering: Robust evidence from a case-control study applying DARTEL. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 23:101890. [PMID: 31255948 PMCID: PMC6606830 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A prominent theory of developmental stuttering highlights (dys-)function of the basal ganglia (and in particular the ventral striatum) as a main neural mechanism behind this speech disorder. Although the theory is intriguing, studies on gray matter volume differences in the basal ganglia between people who stutter and control persons have reported heterogeneous findings, either showing more or less gray matter volume of the aforementioned brain structure across the brain's hemispheres. Moreover, some studies did not observe any differences at all. From today's perspective several of the earlier studies are rather underpowered and also used less powerful statistical approaches to investigate differences in brain structure between people who stutter and controls. Therefore, the present study contrasted a comparably larger sample of n = 36 people who stutter with n = 34 control persons and applied the state of the art DARTEL algorithm (Diffeomorphic Anatomical Registration Through Exponentiated Lie algebra) to analyze the available brain data. In the present data set stuttering was associated with higher gray matter volume of the right caudate and putamen region of the basal ganglia in patients. Our observation strongly supports a recent finding reporting a larger nucleus accumbens in the right hemisphere in people who stutter when compared to control persons. The present findings are discussed in the context of both compensatory effects of the brain and putative therapeutic effects due to treatment of stuttering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Bleek
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Reuter
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Center for Economics and Neuroscience (CENs), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thilo Müller
- Department for the Treatment of Stuttering, LVR Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd Weber
- Center for Economics and Neuroscience (CENs), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department for NeuroCognition, Life & Brain Center, Germany; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Germany
| | - Jennifer Faber
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Markett
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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18
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Chang M, Edmiston EK, Womer FY, Zhou Q, Wei S, Jiang X, Zhou Y, Ye Y, Huang H, Zuo XN, Xu K, Tang Y, Wang F. Spontaneous low-frequency fluctuations in the neural system for emotional perception in major psychiatric disorders: amplitude similarities and differences across frequency bands. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2019; 44:132-141. [PMID: 30810024 PMCID: PMC6397038 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.170226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence indicates both shared and distinct features of emotional perception in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. In these disorders, alterations in spontaneous low-frequency fluctuations have been reported in the neural system for emotional perception, but the similarities and differences in the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) across the 3 disorders are unknown. METHODS We compared ALFF and its signal balance in the neural system for emotional perception at 2 frequency bands (slow-5 and slow-4) in 119 participants with schizophrenia, 100 with bipolar disorder, 123 with major depressive disorder and 183 healthy controls. We performed exploratory Pearson partial correlation analyses to determine the relationship between ALFF signal balance and clinical variables. RESULTS We observed commonalities in ALFF change patterns across the 3 disorders for emotional perception neural substrates, such as increased ALFF in the anterior cerebrum (including subcortical, limbic, paralimbic and heteromodal cortical regions) and decreased ALFF in the posterior visual cortices. Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder showed significantly decreased ALFF signal balance in the neural system for emotional perception at both slow-5 and slow-4 frequency bands, with the greatest alterations for schizophrenia, followed by bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. We found a negative correlation between ALFF signal balance and negative/disorganized symptoms in slow-4 across the 3 disorders. LIMITATIONS The relatively broad age range in our sample and the cross-sectional study design may not account for our findings. CONCLUSION The extent of the commonalities we observed further support the concept of core neurobiological disruptions shared among the 3 disorders; ALFF signal balance could be an important neuroimaging marker for the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Chang
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Elliot K. Edmiston
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Fay Y. Womer
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Qian Zhou
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Shengnan Wei
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Xiaowei Jiang
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Yifang Zhou
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Yuting Ye
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Haiyan Huang
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Xi-Nian Zuo
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Ke Xu
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Yanqing Tang
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
| | - Fei Wang
- From the Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Jiang, Wang, Wei, Xu); the Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Tang, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Brain Function Research Section, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China (Chang, Edmiston, Jiang, Tang, Wang, Wei, Xu, Q. Zhou, Y. Zhou); the Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (Womer); the Division of Biostatistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA (Huang, Ye); the CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, PR China (Zuo); and the Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China (Zuo)
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Kho KH, Leijten QH, Dorresteijn LDA. A Parkinson's Disease Patient without Corpus Callosum. J Parkinsons Dis 2019; 9:441-442. [PMID: 30909250 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-191599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The authors report of a patient with Parkinson's disease in whom imaging revealed a complete agenesis of the corpus callosum. Although this co-occurrence is probably coincidental, this finding suggests that the bilateral degenerative changes in Parkinson's disease may occur independent of the interhemispheric connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan H Kho
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Quinten H Leijten
- Department of Neurology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Lucille D A Dorresteijn
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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20
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Clos M, Sommer T, Schneider SL, Rose M. Enhanced transformation of incidentally learned knowledge into explicit memory by dopaminergic modulation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199013. [PMID: 29902226 PMCID: PMC6002242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
During incidental learning statistical regularities are extracted from the environment without the intention to learn. Acquired implicit memory of these regularities can affect behavior in the absence of awareness. However, conscious insight in the underlying regularities can also develop during learning. Such emergence of explicit memory is an important learning mechanism that is assumed to involve prediction errors in the striatum and to be dopamine-dependent. Here we directly tested this hypothesis by manipulating dopamine levels during incidental learning in a modified serial reaction time task (SRTT) featuring a hidden regular sequence of motor responses in a placebo-controlled between-group study. Awareness for the sequential regularity was subsequently assessed using cued generation and additionally verified using free recall. The results demonstrated that dopaminergic modulation nearly doubled the amount of explicit sequence knowledge emerged during learning in comparison to the placebo group. This strong effect clearly argues for a causal role of dopamine-dependent processing for the development of awareness for sequential regularities during learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Clos
- Department for Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Sommer
- Department for Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Signe L. Schneider
- Department for Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rose
- Department for Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, Hamburg, Germany
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21
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Owens-Walton C, Jakabek D, Li X, Wilkes FA, Walterfang M, Velakoulis D, van Westen D, Looi JCL, Hansson O. Striatal changes in Parkinson disease: An investigation of morphology, functional connectivity and their relationship to clinical symptoms. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 275:5-13. [PMID: 29555381 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We sought to investigate morphological and resting state functional connectivity changes to the striatal nuclei in Parkinson disease (PD) and examine whether changes were associated with measures of clinical function. Striatal nuclei were manually segmented on 3T-T1 weighted MRI scans of 74 PD participants and 27 control subjects, quantitatively analysed for volume, shape and also functional connectivity using functional MRI data. Bilateral caudate nuclei and putamen volumes were significantly reduced in the PD cohort compared to controls. When looking at left and right hemispheres, the PD cohort had significantly smaller left caudate nucleus and right putamen volumes compared to controls. A significant correlation was found between greater atrophy of the caudate nucleus and poorer cognitive function, and between greater atrophy of the putamen and more severe motor symptoms. Resting-state functional MRI analysis revealed altered functional connectivity of the striatal structures in the PD group. This research demonstrates that PD involves atrophic changes to the caudate nucleus and putamen that are linked to clinical dysfunction. Our work reveals important information about a key structure-function relationship in the brain and provides support for caudate nucleus and putamen atrophy as neuroimaging biomeasures in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Owens-Walton
- Research Centre for the Neurosciences of Ageing, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, Australia.
| | - David Jakabek
- Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Xiaozhen Li
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Disease Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Fiona A Wilkes
- Research Centre for the Neurosciences of Ageing, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, Australia
| | - Mark Walterfang
- Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Northwestern Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; Florey Institute of Neurosciences and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dennis Velakoulis
- Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Northwestern Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danielle van Westen
- Center for Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey C L Looi
- Research Centre for the Neurosciences of Ageing, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, Australia; Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Northwestern Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Adanyeguh IM, Monin ML, Rinaldi D, Freeman L, Durr A, Lehéricy S, Henry PG, Mochel F. Expanded neurochemical profile in the early stage of Huntington disease using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. NMR Biomed 2018; 31:10.1002/nbm.3880. [PMID: 29315899 PMCID: PMC5841244 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The striatum is a well-known region affected in Huntington disease (HD). However, other regions, including the visual cortex, are implicated. We have identified previously an abnormal energy response in the visual cortex of patients at an early stage of HD using 31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31 P MRS). We therefore sought to further characterize these metabolic alterations with 1 H MRS using a well-validated semi-localized by adiabatic selective refocusing (semi-LASER) sequence that allows the measurement of an expanded number of neurometabolites. Ten early affected patients [Unified Huntington Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS), total motor score = 13.6 ± 10.8] and 10 healthy volunteers of similar age and body mass index (BMI) were recruited for the study. We performed 1 H MRS in the striatum - the region that is primarily affected in HD - and the visual cortex. The protocol allowed a reliable quantification of 10 metabolites in the visual cortex and eight in the striatum, compared with three to five metabolites in previous 1 H MRS studies performed in HD. We identified higher total creatine (p < 0.05) in the visual cortex and lower glutamate (p < 0.001) and total creatine (p < 0.05) in the striatum of patients with HD compared with controls. Less abundant neurometabolites [glutamine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutathione, aspartate] showed similar concentrations in both groups. The protocol allowed the measurement of several additional metabolites compared with standard vendor protocols. Our study points to early changes in metabolites involved in energy metabolism in the visual cortex and striatum of patients with HD. Decreased striatal glutamate could reflect early neuronal dysfunction or impaired glutamatergic neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac M. Adanyeguh
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Lorraine Monin
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris, France
| | - Daisy Rinaldi
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Léorah Freeman
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, TX, Unites States
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Lehéricy
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
- Center for NeuroImaging Research (CENIR), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Gilles Henry
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Fanny Mochel
- Inserm U 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, F-75013, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Department of Genetics, Paris, France
- University Pierre and Marie Curie, Neurometabolic Research Group, Paris, France
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Bagga P, Pickup S, Crescenzi R, Martinez D, Borthakur A, D'Aquilla K, Singh A, Verma G, Detre JA, Greenberg J, Hariharan H, Reddy R. In vivo GluCEST MRI: Reproducibility, background contribution and source of glutamate changes in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2883. [PMID: 29440753 PMCID: PMC5811435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GluCEST) MRI is a recently developed technique to image glutamate. In the present study, we evaluated the reproducibility and background contamination to the GluCEST and source of the GluCEST changes in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Repeated measurements in five mice demonstrated an intra-animal coefficient of variation (CV) of GluCEST signal to be 2.3 ± 1.3% and inter-animal CV of GluCEST to be 3.3 ± 0.3%. Mice were treated with MPTP to create a localized striatal elevation of glutamate. We found an elevation in the GluCEST contrast of the striatum following MPTP treatment (Control: 23.3 ± 0.8%, n = 16; MPTP: 26.2 ± 0.8%, n = 19; p ≤ 0.001). Additionally, the positive association between glutamate concentration measured via 1H MRS and GluCEST signal was used to estimate background contribution to the measured GluCEST. The contribution of signal from non-glutamate sources was found to be ~28% of the total GluCEST. Immunohistochemical analysis of the brain showed co-localization of glutamate with GFAP in the striatum. This suggests that the elevated glutamate present in the striatum in this mouse model reflects astroglial proliferation or reactivity due to the action of MPTP. The potential of GluCEST as a biomarker for imaging inflammation mediated gliosis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Bagga
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Stephen Pickup
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rachelle Crescenzi
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Daniel Martinez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Arijitt Borthakur
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kevin D'Aquilla
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Anup Singh
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Gaurav Verma
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - John A Detre
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joel Greenberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hari Hariharan
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ravinder Reddy
- Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate a regional progression pattern of amyloid deposition from cross-sectional amyloid-sensitive PET data and evaluate its potential for in vivo staging of an individual's amyloid pathology. METHODS Multiregional analysis of florbetapir (18F-AV45)-PET data was used to determine individual amyloid distribution profiles in a sample of 667 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort, including cognitively normal older individuals (CN) as well as patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia. The frequency of regional amyloid positivity across CN individuals was used to construct a 4-stage model of progressing amyloid pathology, and individual distribution profiles were used to evaluate the consistency of this hierarchical stage model across the full cohort. RESULTS According to a 4-stage model, amyloid deposition begins in temporobasal and frontomedial areas, and successively affects the remaining associative neocortex, primary sensory-motor areas and the medial temporal lobe, and finally the striatum. Amyloid deposition in these brain regions showed a highly consistent hierarchical nesting across participants, where only 2% exhibited distribution profiles that deviated from the staging scheme. The earliest in vivo amyloid stages were mostly missed by conventional dichotomous classification approaches based on global florbetapir-PET signal, but were associated with significantly reduced CSF Aβ42 levels. Advanced in vivo amyloid stages were most frequent in patients with AD and correlated with cognitive impairment in individuals without dementia. CONCLUSIONS The highly consistent regional hierarchy of PET-evidenced amyloid deposition across participants resembles neuropathologic observations and suggests a predictable regional sequence that may be used to stage an individual's progress of amyloid pathology in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel J Grothe
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.J.G., M.D., S.J.T.), Rostock; Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.B., O.S.), University of Leipzig, Germany; Gordon Center for Medical Imaging (J.S.), Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (J.S.), Charlestown, MA; and Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (S.J.T.), University of Rostock, Germany.
| | - Henryk Barthel
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.J.G., M.D., S.J.T.), Rostock; Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.B., O.S.), University of Leipzig, Germany; Gordon Center for Medical Imaging (J.S.), Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (J.S.), Charlestown, MA; and Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (S.J.T.), University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Jorge Sepulcre
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.J.G., M.D., S.J.T.), Rostock; Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.B., O.S.), University of Leipzig, Germany; Gordon Center for Medical Imaging (J.S.), Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (J.S.), Charlestown, MA; and Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (S.J.T.), University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Dyrba
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.J.G., M.D., S.J.T.), Rostock; Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.B., O.S.), University of Leipzig, Germany; Gordon Center for Medical Imaging (J.S.), Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (J.S.), Charlestown, MA; and Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (S.J.T.), University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Osama Sabri
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.J.G., M.D., S.J.T.), Rostock; Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.B., O.S.), University of Leipzig, Germany; Gordon Center for Medical Imaging (J.S.), Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (J.S.), Charlestown, MA; and Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (S.J.T.), University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan J Teipel
- From the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (M.J.G., M.D., S.J.T.), Rostock; Department of Nuclear Medicine (H.B., O.S.), University of Leipzig, Germany; Gordon Center for Medical Imaging (J.S.), Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (J.S.), Charlestown, MA; and Department of Psychosomatic Medicine (S.J.T.), University of Rostock, Germany
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Lempert KM, Speer ME, Delgado MR, Phelps EA. Positive autobiographical memory retrieval reduces temporal discounting. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2017; 12:1584-1593. [PMID: 28655195 PMCID: PMC5647796 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsx086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
People generally prefer rewards sooner rather than later. This phenomenon, temporal discounting, underlies many societal problems, including addiction and obesity. One way to reduce temporal discounting is to imagine positive future experiences. Since there is overlap in the neural circuitry associated with imagining future experiences and remembering past events, here we investigate whether recalling positive memories can also promote more patient choice. We found that participants were more patient after retrieving positive autobiographical memories, but not when they recalled negative memories. Moreover, individuals were more impulsive after imagining novel positive scenes that were not related to their memories, showing that positive imagery alone does not drive this effect. Activity in the striatum and temporo parietal junction during memory retrieval predicted more patient choice, suggesting that to the extent that memory recall is rewarding and involves perspective-taking, it influences decision-making. Furthermore, representational similarity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex between memory recall and decision phases correlated with the behavioral effect across participants. Thus, we have identified a novel manipulation for reducing temporal discounting-remembering the positive past-and have begun to characterize the psychological and neural mechanisms behind it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan E Speer
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University - Newark, NJ, 07102 USA
| | | | - Elizabeth A Phelps
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10003 USA
- Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, 10962 USA
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26
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Abstract
BACKGROUND As children mature, they become increasingly independent and less reliant on caregiver support. Changes in brain systems are likely to stimulate and guide this process. One mechanistic hypothesis suggests that changes in neural systems that process reward and threat support the increase in exploratory behavior observed in the transition to adolescence. This study examines the basic tenets of this hypothesis by performing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during well-established reward and threat processing tasks in 40 children and adolescents, aged 9-15 years. METHOD fMRI responses in the striatum and amygdala are fit to a model predicting that striatal reward and amygdala threat-responses will be unrelated in younger participants (aged 9-12 years), while older participants (aged 13-15 years) will differentially engage these structures. RESULTS Our data are consistent with this model. Activity in the striatum and amygdala are comparable in younger children, but in older children, they are inversely related; those more responsive to reward show a reduced threat-response. Analyses testing age as a continuous variable yield consistent results. In addition, the proportion of threat to reward-response relates to self-reported approach behavior in older but not younger youth, exposing behavioral relevance in the relative level of activity in these structures. CONCLUSIONS Results are consistent with the notion that both individual and developmental differences drive reward-seeking behavior in adolescence. While these response patterns may serve adaptive functions in the shift to independence, skew in these systems may relate to increased rates of emotional psychopathology and risk-taking observed in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Thomason
- Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute for Child and Family Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H. A. Marusak
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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27
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Xu S, Liu Y, Li Y, Deng Y, Yuan J, Lv R, Wang Y, Zhang G, Guo Z, Fu D, Zeng H, Han M, Liu X. Availability of dopamine transporters in heroin-dependent subjects: A 18F-FECNT PET imaging study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2017; 263:121-126. [PMID: 28376406 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was to reconfirm the reduced dopamine transporter (DAT) availability in heroin-dependent subjects and validate the use of 2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-(2-fluoroethyl)-nortropane (18F-FECNT) as a PET radiotracer to assess the changes of striatal DAT in drug addicted subjects. Herein, we assessed DAT standardized uptake values (SUV) of 18F-FECNT in the striatum and cerebellum of 20 heroin-dependent subjects and 10 healthy controls and analyzed the correlation between DAT availability and heroin withdrawal symptom scores and anxiety/depression rating scales in heroin-dependent subjects, as well as the relationship between the withdrawal symptoms scores and age. The striatal DAT availability in heroin-dependent subjects was significantly lower (by ~15.7-17.6%) than that in healthy controls. Age was positively related to heroin withdrawal symptom scores. The withdrawal symptom scores in older patients (Age: 49.5±2.5) were significantly higher (by ~20%) than those in younger patients (Age: 30.9±4.8). These results confirm that chronic heroin use induces striatal DAT reduction, suggesting that 18F-FECNT could be used as an alternative PET imaging radioligand for in vivo imaging of DAT in drug addicted subjects. Moreover, older patients might suffer more severe withdrawal symptoms than younger patients, suggesting that older patients with heroin withdrawal could be given more medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Xu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Li
- Drug Rehabilitation Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangping Deng
- National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rongbin Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuankai Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhirui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Daxu Fu
- Shanghai Center of Biomedicine Development, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Beijing LADO Technology Company, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Han
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xingdang Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Tanner JJ, Levy SA, Schwab NA, Hizel LP, Nguyen PT, Okun MS, Price CC. Marked brain asymmetry with intact cognitive functioning in idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a longitudinal analysis. Clin Neuropsychol 2017; 31:654-675. [PMID: 27813459 PMCID: PMC5334434 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2016.1251973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A 71-year-old (MN) with an 11-year history of left onset tremor diagnosed as Parkinson's disease (PD) completed longitudinal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropsychological testing. MRI scans showed an asymmetric caudate nucleus (right < left volume). We describe this asymmetry at baseline and the progression over time relative to other subcortical gray, frontal white matter, and cortical gray matter regions of interest. Isolated structural changes are compared to MN's cognitive profiles. METHOD MN completed yearly MRIs and neuropsychological assessments. For comparison, left onset PD (n = 15) and non-PD (n = 43) peers completed the same baseline protocol. All MRI scans were processed with FreeSurfer and the FMRIB Software Library to analyze gray matter structures and frontal fractional anisotropy (FA) metrics. Processing speed, working memory, language, verbal memory, abstract reasoning, visuospatial, and motor functions were examined using reliable change methods. RESULTS At baseline, MN had striatal volume and frontal lobe thickness asymmetry relative to peers with mild prefrontal white matter FA asymmetry. Over time only MN's right caudate nucleus showed accelerated atrophy. Cognitively, MN had slowed psychomotor speed and visuospatial-linked deficits with mild visuospatial working memory declines longitudinally. CONCLUSIONS This is a unique report using normative neuroimaging and neuropsychology to describe an individual diagnosed with PD who had striking striatal asymmetry followed secondarily by cortical thickness asymmetry and possible frontal white matter asymmetry. His decline and variability in visual working memory could be linked to ongoing atrophy of his right caudate nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared J Tanner
- a Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
- b Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Shellie-Anne Levy
- a Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
- b Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Nadine A Schwab
- a Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
- b Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Loren P Hizel
- a Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
- b Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Peter T Nguyen
- a Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
- b Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Michael S Okun
- a Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
- b Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Catherine C Price
- a Department of Clinical and Health Psychology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
- b Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
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29
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Payer D, Williams B, Mansouri E, Stevanovski S, Nakajima S, Le Foll B, Kish S, Houle S, Mizrahi R, George SR, George TP, Boileau I. Corticotropin-releasing hormone and dopamine release in healthy individuals. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2017; 76:192-196. [PMID: 27951520 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a key component of the neuroendocrine response to stress. In animal models, CRH has been shown to modulate dopamine release, and this interaction is believed to contribute to stress-induced relapse in neuropsychiatric disorders. Here we investigated whether CRH administration induces dopamine release in humans, using positron emission tomography (PET). Eight healthy volunteers (5 female, 22-48 years old) completed two PET scans with the dopamine D2/3 receptor radioligand [11C]-(+)-PHNO: once after saline injection, and once after injection of corticorelin (synthetic human CRH). We also assessed subjective reports and measured plasma levels of endocrine hormones (adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol). Relative to saline, corticorelin administration decreased binding of the D2/3 PET probe [11C]-(+)-PHNO, suggesting dopamine release. Endocrine stress markers were also elevated, in line with activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, but we detected no changes in subjective ratings. Preliminary results from this proof-of-concept study suggests that CRH challenge in combination with [11C]-(+)-PHNO PET may serve as an assay of dopamine release, presenting a potential platform for evaluating CRH/dopamine interactions in neuropsychiatric disorders and CRH antagonists as potential treatment avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Payer
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada; Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 100 Stokes St., Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Brain and Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Belinda Williams
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Esmaeil Mansouri
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Suzanna Stevanovski
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bernard Le Foll
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Brain and Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada; Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen Kish
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Brain and Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada; Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sylvain Houle
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Brain and Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Romina Mizrahi
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Brain and Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan R George
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tony P George
- Division of Brain and Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada; Schizophrenia Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Isabelle Boileau
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Brain and Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada.
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30
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Bloomfield MAP, Mouchlianitis E, Morgan CJA, Freeman TP, Curran HV, Roiser JP, Howes OD. Salience attribution and its relationship to cannabis-induced psychotic symptoms. Psychol Med 2016; 46:3383-3395. [PMID: 27628967 PMCID: PMC5122315 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716002051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabis is a widely used drug associated with increased risk for psychosis. The dopamine hypothesis of psychosis postulates that altered salience processing leads to psychosis. We therefore tested the hypothesis that cannabis users exhibit aberrant salience and explored the relationship between aberrant salience and dopamine synthesis capacity. METHOD We tested 17 cannabis users and 17 age- and sex-matched non-user controls using the Salience Attribution Test, a probabilistic reward-learning task. Within users, cannabis-induced psychotic symptoms were measured with the Psychotomimetic States Inventory. Dopamine synthesis capacity, indexed as the influx rate constant K i cer , was measured in 10 users and six controls with 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]fluoro-l-phenylalanine positron emission tomography. RESULTS There was no significant difference in aberrant salience between the groups [F 1,32 = 1.12, p = 0.30 (implicit); F 1,32 = 1.09, p = 0.30 (explicit)]. Within users there was a significant positive relationship between cannabis-induced psychotic symptom severity and explicit aberrant salience scores (r = 0.61, p = 0.04) and there was a significant association between cannabis dependency/abuse status and high implicit aberrant salience scores (F 1,15 = 5.8, p = 0.03). Within controls, implicit aberrant salience was inversely correlated with whole striatal dopamine synthesis capacity (r = -0.91, p = 0.01), whereas this relationship was non-significant within users (difference between correlations: Z = -2.05, p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Aberrant salience is positively associated with cannabis-induced psychotic symptom severity, but is not seen in cannabis users overall. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the link between cannabis use and psychosis involves alterations in salience processing. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether these cognitive abnormalities are pre-existing or caused by long-term cannabis use.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. A. P. Bloomfield
- Psychiatric Imaging Group,
MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Hammersmith
Hospital, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road,
London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies,
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College
London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5
8AF, UK
- Division of Psychiatry,
University College London, 6th Floor Maple
House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T
7NF, UK
| | - E. Mouchlianitis
- Psychiatric Imaging Group,
MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Hammersmith
Hospital, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road,
London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies,
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College
London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5
8AF, UK
| | - C. J. A. Morgan
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit,
Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health
Psychology, University College London,
4th Floor, 1–19 Torrington Place,
London WC1E 7HB, UK
- Washington Singer Laboratories,
Department of Psychology, University of
Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK
| | - T. P. Freeman
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit,
Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health
Psychology, University College London,
4th Floor, 1–19 Torrington Place,
London WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - H. V. Curran
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit,
Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health
Psychology, University College London,
4th Floor, 1–19 Torrington Place,
London WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - J. P. Roiser
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience,
University College London, 17 Queen
Square, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - O. D. Howes
- Psychiatric Imaging Group,
MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Hammersmith
Hospital, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road,
London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies,
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College
London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5
8AF, UK
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Schrantee A, Mutsaerts HJMM, Bouziane C, Tamminga HGH, Bottelier MA, Reneman L. The age-dependent effects of a single-dose methylphenidate challenge on cerebral perfusion in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Neuroimage Clin 2016; 13:123-129. [PMID: 27942455 PMCID: PMC5137172 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Methylphenidate (MPH) is a stimulant drug and an effective treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in both children and adults. Pre-clinical studies suggest that the response to stimulants is dependent on age, which may reflect the ontogeny of the dopamine (DA) system, which continues to develop throughout childhood and adolescence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the modulating effect of age on the cerebral blood flow (CBF) response to MPH in stimulant treatment-naive children and adults with ADHD. Ninety-eight stimulant treatment-naive male pediatric (10-12 years) and adult (23-40 years) patients with ADHD were included in this study. The CBF response to an acute challenge with MPH (0.5 mg/kg) was measured using arterial spin labeling (ASL) pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging, as a proxy for DA function. Region-of-interest (ROI) analyses were carried out for the striatum, thalamus and medial prefrontal cortex and in addition voxel-wise analyses were conducted. An acute challenge with MPH decreased CBF in both children and adults in cortical areas, although to a greater extent in adults. In contrast, ROI analyses showed that MPH decreased thalamic CBF only in children, but not adults. Our findings highlight the importance of taking the developmental perspective into account when studying the effects of stimulants in ADHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schrantee
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - HJMM Mutsaerts
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - C Bouziane
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - HGH Tamminga
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - MA Bottelier
- Department of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, Triversum, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | - L Reneman
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Zhang JT, Yao YW, Potenza MN, Xia CC, Lan J, Liu L, Wang LJ, Liu B, Ma SS, Fang XY. Effects of craving behavioral intervention on neural substrates of cue-induced craving in Internet gaming disorder. Neuroimage Clin 2016; 12:591-599. [PMID: 27699148 PMCID: PMC5035334 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is characterized by high levels of craving for online gaming and related cues. Since addiction-related cues can evoke increased activation in brain areas involved in motivational and reward processing and may engender gaming behaviors or trigger relapse, ameliorating cue-induced craving may be a promising target for interventions for IGD. This study compared neural activation between 40 IGD and 19 healthy control (HC) subjects during an Internet-gaming cue-reactivity task and found that IGD subjects showed stronger activation in multiple brain areas, including the dorsal striatum, brainstem, substantia nigra, and anterior cingulate cortex, but lower activation in the posterior insula. Furthermore, twenty-three IGD subjects (CBI + group) participated in a craving behavioral intervention (CBI) group therapy, whereas the remaining 17 IGD subjects (CBI − group) did not receive any intervention, and all IGD subjects were scanned during similar time intervals. The CBI + group showed decreased IGD severity and cue-induced craving, enhanced activation in the anterior insula and decreased insular connectivity with the lingual gyrus and precuneus after receiving CBI. These findings suggest that CBI is effective in reducing craving and severity in IGD, and it may exert its effects by altering insula activation and its connectivity with regions involved in visual processing and attention bias. IGD subjects showed altered cue-induced neural activation in reward-related areas. IGD subjects alleviated IGD symptoms after CBI. IGD subjects showed higher insular activation after CBI. IGD subjects showed lower insula-lingual gyrus/precuneus connectivity after CBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuan-Wei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Child Study Center, and CASAColumbia, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Cui-Cui Xia
- Students Counseling Center, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jing Lan
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ling-Jiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ben Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shan-Shan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Fang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Corresponding author.
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Rive MM, Koeter MWJ, Veltman DJ, Schene AH, Ruhé HG. Visuospatial planning in unmedicated major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder: distinct and common neural correlates. Psychol Med 2016; 46:2313-2328. [PMID: 27198937 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairments are an important feature of both remitted and depressed major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). In particular, deficits in executive functioning may hamper everyday functioning. Identifying the neural substrates of impaired executive functioning would improve our understanding of the pathophysiology underlying these disorders, and may eventually aid in discriminating between MDD and BD, which is often difficult during depression and remission. To date, mostly medicated MDD and BD subjects have been investigated, which may have influenced results. Therefore, we investigated executive functioning in medication-free depressed and remitted MDD and BD subjects. METHOD We used the Tower of London (ToL) visuospatial planning task to assess behavioural performance and blood oxygen-level dependent responses in 35 healthy controls, 21 remitted MDD, 23 remitted BD, 19 depressed MDD and nine depressed BD subjects. RESULTS Visuospatial planning per se was associated with increased frontostriatal activity in depressed BD compared to depressed MDD. In addition, post-hoc analyses indicated that visuospatial planning load was associated with increased parietal activity in depressed compared to remitted subjects, and BD compared to MDD subjects. Task performance did not significantly differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS More severely affected, medication-free mood disorder patients require greater parietal activity to perform in visuospatial planning, which may be compensatory to maintain relatively normal performance. State-dependent frontostriatal hyperactivity during planning may be a specific BD characteristic, providing clues for further characterization of differential pathophysiology in MDD v. BD. This could potentially provide a biomarker to aid in the differentiation of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Rive
- Program for Mood Disorders,Department of Psychiatry,Academic Medical Center,University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - M W J Koeter
- Program for Mood Disorders,Department of Psychiatry,Academic Medical Center,University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - D J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry,VU University medical center,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - A H Schene
- Program for Mood Disorders,Department of Psychiatry,Academic Medical Center,University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
| | - H G Ruhé
- Program for Mood Disorders,Department of Psychiatry,Academic Medical Center,University of Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands
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Ceccarini J, Weltens N, Ly HG, Tack J, Van Oudenhove L, Van Laere K. Association between cerebral cannabinoid 1 receptor availability and body mass index in patients with food intake disorders and healthy subjects: a [(18)F]MK-9470 PET study. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e853. [PMID: 27404285 PMCID: PMC5545708 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although of great public health relevance, the mechanisms underlying disordered eating behavior and body weight regulation remain insufficiently understood. Compelling preclinical evidence corroborates a critical role of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in the central regulation of appetite and food intake. However, in vivo human evidence on ECS functioning in brain circuits involved in food intake regulation as well as its relationship with body weight is lacking, both in health and disease. Here, we measured cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) availability using positron emission tomography (PET) with [(18)F]MK-9470 in 54 patients with food intake disorders (FID) covering a wide body mass index (BMI) range (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, functional dyspepsia with weight loss and obesity; BMI range=12.5-40.6 kg/m(2)) and 26 age-, gender- and average BMI-matched healthy subjects (BMI range=18.5-26.6 kg/m(2)). The association between regional CB1R availability and BMI was assessed within predefined homeostatic and reward-related regions of interest using voxel-based linear regression analyses. CB1R availability was inversely associated with BMI in homeostatic brain regions such as the hypothalamus and brainstem areas in both patients with FID and healthy subjects. However, in FID patients, CB1R availability was also negatively correlated with BMI throughout the mesolimbic reward system (midbrain, striatum, insula, amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex), which constitutes the key circuit implicated in processing appetitive motivation and hedonic value of perceived food rewards. Our results indicate that the cerebral homeostatic CB1R system is inextricably linked to BMI, with additional involvement of reward areas under conditions of disordered body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ceccarini
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - N Weltens
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H G Ly
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Tack
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L Van Oudenhove
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Liaison Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center Campus Gasthuisberg, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - K Van Laere
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Institute for Neurobiology and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Ware AL, Kulesz PA, Williams VJ, Juranek J, Cirino PT, Fletcher JM. Gray matter integrity within regions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortical-subcortical network predicts executive function and fine motor dexterity in spina bifida. Neuropsychology 2016; 30:492-501. [PMID: 26752120 PMCID: PMC4840030 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined microstructural properties of cortical and subcortical gray matter components of the dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) cortical-subcortical circuit in relation to parent-rated executive function and fine motor dexterity performance in youth with spina bifida myelomeningocele (SBM). Aberrant gray matter integrity of the DLPFC, basal ganglia nuclei, and thalamus were hypothesized to differentially relate to neurobehavioral outcomes. METHODS Forty-nine youth between 8 and 18 years (M = 12.34) old with SBM underwent a 3T MRI including diffusion tensor imaging. Neurobehavioral measures of parent-rated executive function and fine motor dexterity were obtained from a standardized neuropsychological evaluation. Relations among indices of gray matter microstructural integrity (mean diffusivity [MD], fractional anisotropy [FA], cortical thickness) and neurobehavior were examined using 3 correlational methods to enhance reliability of brain-behavior relations. RESULTS In SBM, higher FA values in the caudate were associated with poorer behavioral regulation. Higher FA values in the putamen and greater DLPFC thickness were both associated with poorer fine motor dexterity. CONCLUSION Behavioral regulation and FA in the caudate related to behavioral inhibition in SBM. Similarly, associations between fine motor dexterity and indices of gray matter integrity in the putamen and DLPFC support fronto-striatal involvement in motor control in SBM. Examination of these neurobehavioral correlates revealed a pattern of attenuated behavioral impairments when gray matter structure was more similar to that of typically developing youth. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L. Ware
- Department of Psychology and Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation and Statistics, University of Houston, 4811 Calhoun Road, 3 Floor, Houston, TX 77204-6022
| | - Paulina A. Kulesz
- Department of Psychology and Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation and Statistics, University of Houston, 4811 Calhoun Road, 3 Floor, Houston, TX 77204-6022
| | - Victoria J. Williams
- Department of Psychology and Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation and Statistics, University of Houston, 4811 Calhoun Road, 3 Floor, Houston, TX 77204-6022
| | - Jenifer Juranek
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Learning Institute BRAIN Lab, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6655 Travis Street Suite 1000, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Paul T. Cirino
- Department of Psychology and Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation and Statistics, University of Houston, 4811 Calhoun Road, 3 Floor, Houston, TX 77204-6022
| | - Jack M. Fletcher
- Department of Psychology and Texas Institute for Measurement, Evaluation and Statistics, University of Houston, 4811 Calhoun Road, 3 Floor, Houston, TX 77204-6022
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Niñerola-Baizán A, Rojas S, Roé-Vellvé N, Lomeña F, Ros D, Pavía J. Dopamine transporter imaging in the aged rat: a [¹²³I]FP-CIT SPECT study. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 42:395-8. [PMID: 25624150 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rodent models are extensively used to assess the biochemical and physiological changes associated with aging. They play a major role in the development of therapies for age-related pathologies such as Parkinson's disease. To validate the usefulness of these animal models in aging or age-related disease research, the consistency of cerebral aging processes across species must be evaluated. The dopaminergic system seems particularly susceptible to the aging process. One of the results of this susceptibility is a decline in striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) availability. METHODS We sought to ascertain whether similar age changes could be detected in-vivo in rats, using molecular imaging techniques such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with [(123)I]FP-CIT. RESULTS A significant decrease of 17.21% in the striatal specific uptake ratio was observed in the aged rats with respect to the young control group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that age-related degeneration in the nigrostriatal track is similar in humans and rats, which supports the use of this animal in models to evaluate the effect of aging on the dopaminergic system. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE Our findings indicate that age-related degeneration in the nigrostriatal track is similar in humans and rats and that these changes can be monitored in vivo using small animal SPECT with [(123)I]FP-CIT, which could facilitate the translational research in rat models of age related disorders of dopaminergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Niñerola-Baizán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona
| | - Santiago Rojas
- Institut d'Alta Tecnologia, PRBB, CRC Corporació Sanitària; Fundació Pasqual Maragall
| | - Núria Roé-Vellvé
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona; Unidad de Imagen, CIMES, Fundación General de la Universidad de Málaga
| | - Francisco Lomeña
- Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)
| | - Domènec Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)
| | - Javier Pavía
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN); Servei de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS).
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Hsieh PC, Chen KC, Yeh TL, Lee IH, Chen PS, Yao WJ, Chiu NT, Chen CC, Liao MH, Yang YK. Lower availability of midbrain serotonin transporter between healthy subjects with and without a family history of major depressive disorder - a preliminary two-ligand SPECT study. Eur Psychiatry 2014; 29:414-8. [PMID: 24439516 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Serotonin transporter (SERT) and dopamine transporter (DAT) levels differ in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who are in a depressed state in comparison with healthy controls. In addition, a family history of depression is a potent risk factor for developing depression, and inherited vulnerability to serotonergic and dopaminergic dysfunction is suspected in this. The aim of this study was to examine the availabilities of midbrain SERT and striatal DAT in healthy subjects with and without a first-degree family history of MDD. METHODS Eight healthy subjects with first-degree relatives with MDD and 16 sex- and age-matched healthy controls were recruited. The availabilities of SERT and DAT were approximated using SPECT, employing [¹²³I] 2-((2-((dimethylamino) methyl) phenyl)thio)-5-iodophenylamine (ADAM) and [(⁹⁹m)Tc] TRODAT-1 as the ligands, respectively. There are missing data for one participant with a first-degree family history of MDD from the ADAM study, due to a lack of the radio-ligand at the time of experiment. RESULTS SERT availability in the midbrain was significantly lower in subjects with a first-degree family history of MDD than in healthy subjects. However, DAT availability was no different between two groups. CONCLUSIONS The results with regard to the midbrain SERT level suggest the heritability of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng Li road, North Dist., 70403 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - K C Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng Li road, North Dist., 70403 Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan; Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - T L Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng Li road, North Dist., 70403 Tainan, Taiwan; Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I H Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng Li road, North Dist., 70403 Tainan, Taiwan; Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - P S Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng Li road, North Dist., 70403 Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan; Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - W J Yao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - N-T Chiu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C-C Chen
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Executive Yuan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - M-H Liao
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Atomic Energy Council, Executive Yuan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Y K Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng Li road, North Dist., 70403 Tainan, Taiwan; Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Amsterdam JD, Newberg AB, Soeller I, Shults J. Greater striatal dopamine transporter density may be associated with major depressive episode. J Affect Disord 2012; 141:425-31. [PMID: 22482744 PMCID: PMC3845357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) distribution volume ratio (DVR) values in subjects with unipolar or bipolar major depressive episode (versus non-depressed healthy volunteers) using the selective DAT radioligand [(99m)Tc]TRODAT-1 and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). We hypothesized that striatal DVR values would be greater in depressed versus non-depressed subjects, and that greater DVR values may represent a possible clinical biomarker of depression. METHODS [(99m)Tc]TRODAT-1 spect images were acquired from 39 depressed and 103 non-depressed drug-free subjects. The primary outcome measure was the DVR value of [(99m)Tc]TRODAT-1 binding for the putamen region and the combined putamen plus caudate region. RESULTS DVR values were significantly correlated across all striatal regions within both subject groups (p<0.005). Depressed subjects had significantly greater DVR values (versus non-depressed subjects) in the putamen (p<0.0005) and the combined putamen plus caudate (p<0.0005) regions. There was no difference in DVR values between unipolar (n=24) and bipolar (n=15) depressed subjects, and no difference in DVR values for depressed subjects with or without prior antidepressant exposure. The predictive probability of the putamen or combined putamen plus caudate DVR value to distinguish depressed from non-depressed subjects was significant (p<0.0005). LIMITATIONS DAT values could potentially be influenced by age, gender, diagnosis, prior psychotropic dug exposure, illness length, or symptom severity. CONCLUSION Results confirm prior observations of greater striatal DAT density in depressed versus non-depressed subjects, and suggest that greater DVR values may possibly represent a potential diagnostic biomarker for distinguish depressed from non-depressed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay D Amsterdam
- Depression Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Narendran R, Frankle WG, Mason NS, Muldoon MF, Moghaddam B. Improved working memory but no effect on striatal vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 after omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46832. [PMID: 23056476 PMCID: PMC3463539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in rodents indicate that diets deficient in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n–3 PUFA) lower dopamine neurotransmission as measured by striatal vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) density and amphetamine-induced dopamine release. This suggests that dietary supplementation with fish oil might increase VMAT2 availability, enhance dopamine storage and release, and improve dopamine-dependent cognitive functions such as working memory. To investigate this mechanism in humans, positron emission tomography (PET) was used to measure VMAT2 availability pre- and post-supplementation of n–3 PUFA in healthy individuals. Healthy young adult subjects were scanned with PET using [11C]-(+)-α-dihydrotetrabenzine (DTBZ) before and after six months of n–3 PUFA supplementation (Lovaza, 2 g/day containing docosahexaenonic acid, DHA 750 mg/d and eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA 930 mg/d). In addition, subjects underwent a working memory task (n-back) and red blood cell membrane (RBC) fatty acid composition analysis pre- and post-supplementation. RBC analysis showed a significant increase in both DHA and EPA post-supplementation. In contrast, no significant change in [11C]DTBZ binding potential (BPND) in striatum and its subdivisions were observed after supplementation with n–3 PUFA. No correlation was evident between n–3 PUFA induced change in RBC DHA or EPA levels and change in [11C]DTBZ BPND in striatal subdivisions. However, pre-supplementation RBC DHA levels was predictive of baseline performance (i.e., adjusted hit rate, AHR on 3-back) on the n-back task (y = 0.19+0.07, r2 = 0.55, p = 0.009). In addition, subjects AHR performance improved on 3-back post-supplementation (pre 0.65±0.27, post 0.80±0.15, p = 0.04). The correlation between n-back performance, and DHA levels are consistent with reports in which higher DHA levels is related to improved cognitive performance. However, the lack of change in [11C]DBTZ BPND indicates that striatal VMAT2 regulation is not the mechanism of action by which n–3 PUFA improves cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Narendran
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
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Shidahara M, Tsoumpas C, McGinnity CJ, Kato T, Tamura H, Hammers A, Watabe H, Turkheimer FE. Wavelet-based resolution recovery using an anatomical prior provides quantitative recovery for human population phantom PET [¹¹C]raclopride data. Phys Med Biol 2012; 57:3107-22. [PMID: 22547469 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/57/10/3107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate a resolution recovery (RR) method using a variety of simulated human brain [¹¹C]raclopride positron emission tomography (PET) images. Simulated datasets of 15 numerical human phantoms were processed by a wavelet-based RR method using an anatomical prior. The anatomical prior was in the form of a hybrid segmented atlas, which combined an atlas for anatomical labelling and a PET image for functional labelling of each anatomical structure. We applied RR to both 60 min static and dynamic PET images. Recovery was quantified in 84 regions, comparing the typical 'true' value for the simulation, as obtained in normal subjects, simulated and RR PET images. The radioactivity concentration in the white matter, striatum and other cortical regions was successfully recovered for the 60 min static image of all 15 human phantoms; the dependence of the solution on accurate anatomical information was demonstrated by the difficulty of the technique to retrieve the subthalamic nuclei due to mismatch between the two atlases used for data simulation and recovery. Structural and functional synergy for resolution recovery (SFS-RR) improved quantification in the caudate and putamen, the main regions of interest, from -30.1% and -26.2% to -17.6% and -15.1%, respectively, for the 60 min static image and from -51.4% and -38.3% to -27.6% and -20.3% for the binding potential (BP(ND)) image, respectively. The proposed methodology proved effective in the RR of small structures from brain [¹¹C]raclopride PET images. The improvement is consistent across the anatomical variability of a simulated population as long as accurate anatomical segmentations are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shidahara
- Division of Medical Physics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
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Reeves SJ, Polling C, Stokes PRA, Lappin JM, Shotbolt PP, Mehta MA, Howes OD, Egerton A. Limbic striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor availability is associated with non-planning impulsivity in healthy adults after exclusion of potential dissimulators. Psychiatry Res 2012; 202:60-4. [PMID: 22595510 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2011.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) studies have reported an association between reduced striatal dopamine D2/3 receptor availability and higher scores on self-report measures of trait impulsivity in healthy adults. However, impulsivity is a multi-faceted construct, and it is unclear which aspect(s) of impulsivity might be driving these associations. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between limbic (ventral) striatal D2/3 receptor availability and individual components of impulsivity (attentional, motor and non-planning) using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and [(11)C]raclopride PET in 23 healthy volunteers. A partial correlational analysis showed a significant association between non-planning impulsiveness (lack of forethought or 'futuring') and limbic D2/3 receptor availability, which was only apparent after the exclusion of potential dissimulators (indexed by high scores on impression management). Our findings suggest that non-planning impulsiveness is associated with individual variation in limbic striatal D2/3 receptor availability and that different facets of impulsivity may have specific neurochemical correlates. Future studies that combine D2/3 receptor imaging with behavioral measures of impulsivity are required to further elucidate the precise relationship between individual components of trait impulsivity and brain dopaminergic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne J Reeves
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College London, UK.
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Huang YR, Shih JM, Chang KW, Huang C, Wu YL, Chen CC. [123I]Epidepride neuroimaging of dopamine D2/D3 receptor in chronic MK-801-induced rat schizophrenia model. Nucl Med Biol 2012; 39:826-32. [PMID: 22464847 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE [(123)I]Epidepride is a radio-tracer with very high affinity for dopamine D(2)/D(3) receptors in brain. The importance of alteration in dopamine D(2)/D(3) receptor binding condition has been wildly verified in schizophrenia. In the present study we set up a rat schizophrenia model by chronic injection of a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801, to examine if [(123)I]epidepride could be used to evaluate the alterations of dopamine D(2)/D(3) receptor binding condition in specific brain regions. METHOD Rats were given repeated injection of MK-801 (dissolved in saline, 0.3mg/kg) or saline for 1month. Afterwards, total distance traveled (cm) and social interaction changes were recorded. Radiochemical purity of [(123)I]epidepride was analyzed by Radio-Thin-Layer Chromatography (chloroform: methanol, 9:1, v/v) and [(123)I]epidepride neuroimages were obtained by ex vivo autoradiography and small animal SPECT/CT. Data obtained were then analyzed to determine the changes of specific binding ratio. RESULT Chronic MK-801 treatment for a month caused significantly increased local motor activity and induced an inhibition of social interaction. As shown in [(123)I]epidepride ex vivo autoradiographs, MK-801 induced a decrease of specific binding ratio in the striatum (24.01%), hypothalamus (35.43%), midbrain (41.73%) and substantia nigra (37.93%). In addition, [(123)I]epidepride small animal SPECT/CT neuroimaging was performed in the striatum and midbrain. There were statistically significant decreases in specific binding ratio in both the striatum (P<.01) and midbrain (P<.05) between the saline and MK-801 group. CONCLUSION These results suggest that [(123)I]epidepride is a useful radio-tracer to reveal the alterations of dopamine D(2)/D(3) receptor binding in a rat schizophrenia model and is also helpful to evaluate therapeutic effects of schizophrenia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ruei Huang
- Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan, ROC.
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Ishibashi K, Ishii K, Oda K, Mizusawa H, Ishiwata K. Binding of pramipexole to extrastriatal dopamine D2/D3 receptors in the human brain: a positron emission tomography study using 11C-FLB 457. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17723. [PMID: 21408026 PMCID: PMC3052387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the binding sites of pramipexole in extrastriatal dopaminergic regions because its antidepressive effects have been speculated to occur by activating the dopamine D(2) receptor subfamily in extrastriatal areas. Dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) scanning using (11)C-FLB 457 for quantification of D(2)/D(3) receptor subtype was performed on 15 healthy volunteers. Each subject underwent two PET scans before and after receiving a single dose of pramipexole (0, 0.125, or 0.25 mg). The study demonstrated that pramipexole significantly binds to D(2)/D(3) receptors in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and medial and lateral thalamus at a dose of 0.25 mg. These regions have been indicated to have some relation to depression and may be part of the target sites where pramipexole exerts its antidepressive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Ishibashi
- Positron Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
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Dehkharghani S, Dillon WP, Bryant SO, Fischbein NJ. Unilateral calcification of the caudate and putamen: association with underlying developmental venous anomaly. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2010; 31:1848-52. [PMID: 20634305 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Stenosis of a DVA may result in chronic venous ischemia. We present 6 patients (3 men, 3 women; age range, 30-79 years; mean age, 53 years) with unilateral calcification of the caudate and putamen on noncontrast CT. This calcification typically spared the anterior limb of the internal capsule. No patient presented with symptoms referable to the basal ganglia or had an underlying metabolic disorder or other process associated with calcium deposition. All patients subsequently underwent gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging and/or CTA or conventional angiography demonstrating the presence of an adjacent DVA. We hypothesize that chronic venous ischemia in the drainage territory of the DVA causes the abnormal mineralization. Greater recognition of this entity will prevent misinterpretation of this finding as acute hemorrhage and will prevent unnecessary and sometimes invasive evaluation in such patients. Furthermore, this entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unilateral basal ganglia hyperattenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dehkharghani
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University Medical Center, California 94305-5105, USA.
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Kim JM, Lee JY, Kim HJ, Kim JS, Kim YK, Park SS, Kim SE, Jeon BS. The wide clinical spectrum and nigrostriatal dopaminergic damage in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2010; 81:529-32. [PMID: 20460591 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.166728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6) manifests a wide spectrum of non-cerebellar system involvements. The objective of this study was to examine the presence of nigrostriatal dopaminergic system derangement in SCA6. Eight patients with SCA6 who underwent a regular follow-up for at least 2 years participated in this study. A detailed neurological examination was performed and striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) was evaluated using [(99m)Tc]-TRODAT-1 SPECT. The main clinical feature of SCA6 was cerebellar ataxia with impaired eye movements. However, a wide spectrum of non-cerebellar system involvements, such as autonomic dysfunction, and pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs, was also observed. Two patients had bradykinesia. l-dopa was tried in one patient without benefit. Of the two patients with bradykinesia, DAT density was reduced to the Parkinson's disease (PD) range with a rostrocaudal gradient typical of PD in one patient (CAG repeats 13/22) and was mildly decreased in the other patient (12/25). Of the four patients without extrapyramidal signs, three (12/22, 11/25, 17/22) showed mild to severe reduction of DAT density and one (13/22) had a normal density. This study shows that SCA6 has a varying degree of nigrostriatal dopaminergic derangement. Two patients manifested mild bradykinesia, emphasising the need to screen for SCA6, even in patients with progressive ataxia and parkinsonism. Further histopathological studies would be helpful to determine the nigrostriatal dopaminergic damage in SCA6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Min Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Chongno-Ku Yunkeun-Dong 28, Seoul 110-744, South Korea
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Liao CH, Ling Z, Chou CH, Huang WS, Denq JC, Lin JC, Chen CY, Chang CJ, Peng GS. Involvement of nigrostriatal pathway in Japanese encephalitis with movement disorders: evidence from 99mTc-TRODAT-1 and 123I-IBZM SPECT imagings. Mol Imaging Biol 2009; 12:9-14. [PMID: 19548034 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-009-0244-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2008] [Revised: 02/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate molecular evidence of nigrostriatal pathway involvement in Japanese encephalitis (JE) survivors with movement complications. METHODS Three JE patients were recruited. All had cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies with (99m)Tc-TRODAT-1 and (123)I-IBZM. RESULTS Cranial MRI revealed involvement of bilateral thalami, substantia nigra, and medial temporal lobes in all three patients, but only case 1 had additional bilateral basal ganglia involvement. The (99m)Tc-TRODAT-1 SPECT for presynaptic dopamine transporter imaging disclosed asymmetrical decreases in bilateral striatal uptake in all three patients. However, the (123)I-IBZM SPECT imaging for postsynaptic D2 dopamine receptors (D2Rs) revealed inconsistent abnormalities including asymmetrical bilateral decreases (case 1), unilateral decrease (case 2), and bilateral increases (case 3) in striatal uptakes. CONCLUSION Data have suggested that presynaptic dopaminergic neurons in JE patients are more susceptible to JE virus than postsynaptic striatal neurons. The degree of movement impairment was more closely correlated to the degree of D2Rs disruption seen in (123)I-IBZM SPECT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Hsu Liao
- Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Cheng-Kung Rd Section 2, Taipei, 114, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Ko JH, Monchi O, Ptito A, Bloomfield P, Houle S, Strafella AP. Theta burst stimulation-induced inhibition of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex reveals hemispheric asymmetry in striatal dopamine release during a set-shifting task: a TMS-[(11)C]raclopride PET study. Eur J Neurosci 2008; 28:2147-55. [PMID: 19046396 PMCID: PMC2967524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06501.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The prefrontostriatal network is considered to play a key role in executive functions. Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that executive processes tested with card-sorting tasks requiring planning and set-shifting [e.g. Montreal-card-sorting-task (MCST)] may engage the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) while inducing dopamine release in the striatum. However, functional imaging studies can only provide neuronal correlates of cognitive performance and cannot establish a causal relation between observed brain activity and task performance. In order to investigate the contribution of the DLPFC during set-shifting and its effect on the striatal dopaminergic system, we applied continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) to left and right DLPFC. Our aim was to transiently disrupt its function and to measure MCST performance and striatal dopamine release during [(11)C]raclopride PET. A significant hemispheric asymmetry was observed. cTBS of the left DLPFC impaired MCST performance and dopamine release in the ipsilateral caudate-anterior putamen and contralateral caudate nucleus, as compared to cTBS of the vertex (control). These effects appeared to be limited only to left DLPFC stimulation while right DLPFC stimulation did not influence task performance or [(11)C]raclopride binding potential in the striatum. This is the first study showing that cTBS, by disrupting left prefrontal function, may indirectly affect striatal dopamine neurotransmission during performance of executive tasks. This cTBS-induced regional prefrontal effect and modulation of the frontostriatal network may be important for understanding the contribution of hemisphere laterality and its neural bases with regard to executive functions, as well as for revealing the neurochemical substrate underlying cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji H Ko
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Graff‐Guerrero A, Willeit M, Ginovart N, Mamo D, Mizrahi R, Rusjan P, Vitcu I, Seeman P, Wilson AA, Kapur S. Brain region binding of the D2/3 agonist [11C]-(+)-PHNO and the D2/3 antagonist [11C]raclopride in healthy humans. Hum Brain Mapp 2008; 29:400-10. [PMID: 17497628 PMCID: PMC6870740 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The D(2) receptors exist in either the high- or low-affinity state with respect to agonists, and while agonists bind preferentially to the high-affinity state, antagonists do not distinguish between the two states. [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO is a PET D(2) agonist radioligand and therefore provides a preferential measure of the D(2) (high) receptors. In contrast, [(11)C]raclopride is an antagonist radioligand and thus binds with equal affinity to the D(2) high- and low-affinity states. The aim was to compare the brain uptake, distribution and binding characteristics between [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO and [(11)C]raclopride in volunteers using a within-subject design. Both radioligands accumulated in brain areas rich in D(2)/D(3)-receptors. However, [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO showed preferential uptake in the ventral striatum and globus pallidus, while [(11)C]raclopride showed preferential uptake in the dorsal striatum. Mean binding potentials were higher in the putamen (4.3 vs. 2.8) and caudate (3.4 vs 2.1) for [(11)C]raclopride, equal in the ventral-striatum (3.4 vs. 3.3), and higher in the globus pallidus for [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO (1.8 vs. 3.3). Moreover [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO kinetics in the globus pallidus showed a slower washout than other regions. One explanation for the preferential binding of [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO in the globus pallidus and ventral-striatum could be the presence of a greater proportion of high- vs. low-affinity receptors in these areas. Alternatively, the observed distribution could also be explained by a preferential binding of D(3)-over-D(2) with [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO. This differential binding of agonist vs. antagonist radioligand, especially in the critically important region of the limbic striatum/pallidum, offers new avenues to investigate the role of the dopamine system in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Graff‐Guerrero
- PET Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Neurobiology, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Matthaeus Willeit
- PET Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of General Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nathalie Ginovart
- PET Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Unité de Neuroimagerie, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Mamo
- PET Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Romina Mizrahi
- PET Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pablo Rusjan
- PET Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irina Vitcu
- PET Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip Seeman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alan A. Wilson
- PET Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shitij Kapur
- PET Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Zijlstra F, Booij J, van den Brink W, Franken IHA. Striatal dopamine D2 receptor binding and dopamine release during cue-elicited craving in recently abstinent opiate-dependent males. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2008; 18:262-70. [PMID: 18077142 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2007.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2007] [Revised: 10/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Opiate addiction is a chronic disorder characterized by relapse behaviour, often preceded by craving and anhedonia. Chronic craving and anhedonia have been associated with low availability of dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) and cue-elicited craving has been linked with endogenous dopamine release. We studied D2R availability and cue-elicited endogenous dopamine release in 12 abstinent opiate-dependent males and 18 age-matched male controls with [123I]IBZM SPECT. Craving was manipulated with a video containing heroin-related stimuli. Moreover, chronic craving, anhedonia and cue-elicited craving were measured. We found lower baseline D2R availability in opiate-dependent subjects than controls in the left caudate nucleus. D2R availability in the putamen correlated negatively with years of opiate use. Opiate-dependent subjects demonstrated higher dopamine release after cue-exposure in the right putamen than controls. Chronic craving and anhedonia were positively correlated with DA release. Treatment strategies that increase D2Rs may, therefore, be an interesting approach to prevent relapse in opiate addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleur Zijlstra
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Cannon DM, Ichise M, Rollis D, Klaver JM, Gandhi SK, Charney DS, Manji HK, Drevets WC. Elevated serotonin transporter binding in major depressive disorder assessed using positron emission tomography and [11C]DASB; comparison with bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2007; 62:870-7. [PMID: 17678634 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2006] [Revised: 03/12/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered serotonergic function is thought to play a role in the pathophysiology of major depressive episodes based upon evidence from neuroimaging, pharmacological, postmortem and genetic studies. It remains unclear, however, whether depressed samples that differ with respect to having shown a unipolar versus a bipolar illness course also would show distinct patterns of abnormalities within the serotonergic system. The current study compared serotonin transporter (5-HTT) binding between unipolar-depressives (MDD), bipolar-depressives (BD) and healthy-controls (HC) to assess whether the abnormalities in 5-HTT binding recently found in depressed subjects with BD extend to depressed subjects with MDD. METHODS The 5-HTT binding-potential (BP) measured using positron emission tomography (PET) and [(11)C]DASB was compared between unmedicated, depressed subjects with MDD (n = 18) or BD (n = 18) and HC (n = 34). RESULTS Relative to the healthy group both MDD and BD groups showed significantly increased 5-HTT BP in the thalamus (24%, 14%, respectively), insula (15%) and striatum (12%). The unipolar-depressives had elevated 5-HTT BP relative to both BD and HC groups in the vicinity of the periaqueductal gray (PAG, 20%, 22%, respectively). The bipolar-depressives had reduced 5-HTT BP relative to both HC and MDD groups in the vicinity of the pontine raphe nuclei. Depression-severity correlated negatively with 5-HTT BP in the thalamus in MDD-subjects. CONCLUSIONS The depressed phases of MDD and BD both were associated with elevated 5-HTT binding in the insula, thalamus and striatum, but showed distinct abnormalities in the brainstem. The latter findings conceivably could underlie differences in the patterns of illness symptoms and pharmacological sensitivity observed between MDD and BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara M Cannon
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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