1
|
Peterson ER, Sajjakulnukit P, Scott AJ, Heaslip C, Andren A, Wilder-Romans K, Zhou W, Palavalasa S, Korimerla N, Lin A, O'Brien A, Kothari A, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Morgan MA, Venneti S, Koschmann C, Jabado N, Lyssiotis CA, Castro MG, Wahl DR. Purine salvage promotes treatment resistance in H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma. Cancer Metab 2024; 12:11. [PMID: 38594734 PMCID: PMC11003124 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-024-00341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse midline gliomas (DMG), including diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs), are a fatal form of brain cancer. These tumors often carry a driver mutation on histone H3 converting lysine 27 to methionine (H3K27M). DMG-H3K27M are characterized by altered metabolism and resistance to standard of care radiation (RT) but how the H3K27M mediates the metabolic response to radiation and consequent treatment resistance is uncertain. METHODS We performed metabolomics on irradiated and untreated H3K27M isogenic DMG cell lines and observed an H3K27M-specific enrichment for purine synthesis pathways. We profiled the expression of purine synthesis enzymes in publicly available patient data and our models, quantified purine synthesis using stable isotope tracing, and characterized the in vitro and in vivo response to de novo and salvage purine synthesis inhibition in combination with RT. RESULTS DMG-H3K27M cells activate purine metabolism in an H3K27M-specific fashion. In the absence of genotoxic treatment, H3K27M-expressing cells have higher relative activity of de novo synthesis and apparent lower activity of purine salvage demonstrated via stable isotope tracing of key metabolites in purine synthesis and by lower expression of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), the rate-limiting enzyme of purine salvage into IMP and GMP. Inhibition of de novo guanylate synthesis radiosensitized DMG-H3K27M cells in vitro and in vivo. Irradiated H3K27M cells upregulated HGPRT expression and hypoxanthine-derived guanylate salvage but maintained high levels of guanine-derived salvage. Exogenous guanine supplementation decreased radiosensitization in cells treated with combination RT and de novo purine synthesis inhibition. Silencing HGPRT combined with RT markedly suppressed DMG-H3K27M tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that DMG-H3K27M cells rely on highly active purine synthesis, both from the de novo and salvage synthesis pathways. However, highly active salvage of free purine bases into mature guanylates can bypass inhibition of the de novo synthetic pathway. We conclude that inhibiting purine salvage may be a promising strategy to overcome treatment resistance in DMG-H3K27M tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik R Peterson
- Doctoral Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter Sajjakulnukit
- Doctoral Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew J Scott
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Caleb Heaslip
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anthony Andren
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kari Wilder-Romans
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Weihua Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sravya Palavalasa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Navyateja Korimerla
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Angelica Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alexandra O'Brien
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ayesha Kothari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zitong Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Meredith A Morgan
- Doctoral Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sriram Venneti
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Doctoral Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nada Jabado
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Doctoral Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Maria G Castro
- Doctoral Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel R Wahl
- Doctoral Program in Cancer Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Medical Science Unit I, 1301 Catherine Street, Rm 4433, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kandathil SA, Akhondi A, Kadletz-Wanke L, Heiduschka G, Engedal N, Brkic FF. The dual role of autophagy in HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:56. [PMID: 38291202 PMCID: PMC10827959 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human papilloma virus (HPV)-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) displays distinct epidemiological, clinical, and molecular characteristics compared to the negative counterpart. Alterations in autophagy play an important role in cancer, and emerging evidence indicates an interplay of autophagy in HNSCC carcinogenesis and tumor promotion. However, the influence of HPV infection on autophagy in HNSCC has received less attention and has not been previously reviewed. Therefore, we here aimed to systematically review the role of autophagy explicitly in HPV+ HNSCC. METHODS Studies accessible in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science investigating HNSCC, highlighting the molecular biological differences between HPV- and HPV+ HNSCC and its influences on autophagy in HNSCC were analyzed according to the PRISMA statement. A total of 10 articles were identified, included, and summarized. RESULTS The HPV16 E7 oncoprotein was reported to be involved in the degradation of AMBRA1 and STING, and to enhance chemotherapy-induced cell death via lethal mitophagy in HNSCC cells. Autophagy-associated gene signatures correlated with HPV-subtype and overall survival. Additionally, immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses indicate that high LC3B expression correlates with poor overall survival in oropharyngeal HNSCC patients. CONCLUSION HPV may dampen general bulk autophagic flux via degradation of AMBRA1 but may promote selective autophagic degradation of STING and mitochondria. Interpretations of correlations between autophagy-associated gene expressions or IHC analyses of autophagy-related (ATG) proteins in paraffin embedded tissue with clinicopathological features without biological validation need to be taken with caution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sam Augustine Kandathil
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Anatomy, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Arian Akhondi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lorenz Kadletz-Wanke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gregor Heiduschka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nikolai Engedal
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Faris F Brkic
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li N, Chamkha I, Verma G, Swoboda S, Lindstedt M, Greiff L, Elmér E, Ehinger J. Human papillomavirus-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells rely on glycolysis and display reduced oxidative phosphorylation. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1304106. [PMID: 38273844 PMCID: PMC10808639 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1304106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) constitutes a heterogeneous group of cancers. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is associated with a subtype of HNSCC with a better response to treatment and more favorable prognosis. Mitochondrial function and metabolism vary depending on cancer type and can be related to tumor aggressiveness. This study aims to characterize the metabolism of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC cell lines. Methods Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis were assessed in intact cells, in four HNSCC cell lines using Seahorse XF Analyzer. OXPHOS was further studied in permeabilized cells using high-resolution respirometry in an Oroboros O2K. Metabolomic analysis was performed using mass spectroscopy. Results The HPV-negative cell lines were found to display a higher OXPHOS capacity and were also able to upregulate glycolysis when needed. The HPV-positive cell line had a higher basal glycolytic rate but lower spare OXPHOS capacity. These cells were also unable to increase respiration in response to succinate, unlike the HPV-negative cells. In the metabolomic analysis, the HPV-positive cells showed a higher kynurenine/tryptophan ratio. Discussion HPV-positive HNSCC preferred glycolysis to compensate for lower OXPHOS reserves, while the HPV-negative HNSCC displayed a more versatile metabolism, which might be related to increased tumor aggressiveness. The higher kynurenine/tryptophan ratio of HPV-positive HNSCC might be related to increased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity due to the carcinoma's viral origin. This study highlights important metabolic differences between HPV-positive and HPV-negative cancers and suggests that future metabolic targets for cancer treatment should be individualized based on specific tumor metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nora Li
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Imen Chamkha
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gaurav Verma
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sabine Swoboda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Lindstedt
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Lennart Greiff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eskil Elmér
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johannes Ehinger
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tuominen S, Nissi L, Kukkula A, Routila J, Huusko T, Leivo I, Minn H, Irjala H, Löyttyniemi E, Ventelä S, Sundvall M, Grönroos TJ. TSPO is a potential independent prognostic factor associated with cellular respiration and p16 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1298333. [PMID: 38162485 PMCID: PMC10755888 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1298333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment resistance and relapse are common problems in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Except for p16, no clinically accepted prognostic biomarkers are available for HNSCC. New biomarkers predictive of recurrence and survival are crucial for optimal treatment planning and patient outcome. High translocator protein (TSPO) levels have been associated with poor survival in cancer, but the role of TSPO has not been extensively evaluated in HNSCC. Materials and methods TSPO expression was determined in a large population-based tissue microarray cohort including 611 patients with HNSCC and evaluated for survival in several clinicopathological subgroups. A TCGA HNSCC cohort was used to further analyze the role of TSPO in HNSCC. Results TSPO expression was downregulated in more aggressive tumors. Low TSPO expression associated with worse 5-year survival and was an independent prognostic factor for disease-specific survival. Subgroup analyses showed that low TSPO expression associated with worse survival particularly in p16-positive oropharyngeal cancer. In silico analyses supported the prognostic role of TSPO. Cellular respiration had the highest significance in pathway analyses for genes expressed positively with TSPO. Conclusion Decreased TSPO expression associates with poor prognosis in HNSCC. TSPO is a prognostic biomarker in HNSCC to potentially guide treatment stratification especially in p16-positive oropharyngeal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanni Tuominen
- Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Cancer Research Unit, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- FICAN West Cancer Research Laboratory, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Medicity Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Linda Nissi
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Antti Kukkula
- Cancer Research Unit, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- FICAN West Cancer Research Laboratory, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Johannes Routila
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Huusko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilmo Leivo
- Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Minn
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Irjala
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sami Ventelä
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Sundvall
- Cancer Research Unit, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- FICAN West Cancer Research Laboratory, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tove J. Grönroos
- Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Medicity Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin X, Zhou W, Liu Z, Cao W, Lin C. Targeting cellular metabolism in head and neck cancer precision medicine era: A promising strategy to overcome therapy resistance. Oral Dis 2023; 29:3101-3120. [PMID: 36263514 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is among the most prevalent cancer worldwide, with the most severe impact on quality of life of patients. Despite the development of multimodal therapeutic approaches, the clinical outcomes of HNSCC are still unsatisfactory, mainly caused by relatively low responsiveness to treatment and severe drug resistance. Metabolic reprogramming is currently considered to play a pivotal role in anticancer therapeutic resistance. This review aimed to define the specific metabolic programs and adaptations in HNSCC therapy resistance. An extensive literature review of HNSCC was conducted via the PubMed including metabolic reprogramming, chemo- or immune-therapy resistance. Glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism are closely related to the malignant biological characteristics of cancer, anti-tumor drug resistance, and adverse clinical results. For HNSCC, pyruvate, lactate and almost all lipid categories are related to the occurrence and maintenance of drug resistance, and targeting amino acid metabolism can prevent tumor development and enhance the response of drug-resistant tumors to anticancer therapy. This review will provide a better understanding of the altered metabolism in therapy resistance of HNSCC and promote the development of new therapeutic strategies against HNSCC, thereby contribute to a more efficacious precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Lin
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenkai Zhou
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheqi Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Nursing, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengzhong Lin
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- The 2nd Dental Center, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peterson ER, Sajjakulnukit P, Scott AJ, Heaslip C, Andren A, Wilder-Romans K, Zhou W, Palavalasa S, Korimerla N, Lin A, Obrien A, Kothari A, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Morgan MA, Venneti S, Koschmann C, Jabado N, Lyssiotis CA, Castro MG, Wahl DR. Adaptive rewiring of purine metabolism promotes treatment resistance in H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3317816. [PMID: 37790517 PMCID: PMC10543500 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3317816/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Diffuse midline gliomas (DMG), including diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs), are a fatal form of brain cancer. These tumors often carry a driver mutation on histone H3 converting lysine 27 to methionine (H3K27M). DMG-H3K27M are characterized by altered metabolism and resistance to standard of care radiation (RT), but how the H3K27M mediates the metabolic response to radiation and consequent treatment resistance is uncertain. Methods We performed metabolomics on irradiated and untreated H3K27M isogenic DMG cell lines and observed an H3K27M-specific enrichment for purine synthesis pathways. We profiled the expression of purine synthesis enzymes in publicly available patient data and in our models, quantified purine synthetic flux using stable isotope tracing, and characterized the in vitro and in vivo response to de novo and salvage purine synthesis inhibition in combination with RT. Results DMG-H3K27M cells activate purine metabolism in an H3K27M-specific fashion. In the absence of genotoxic treatment, H3K27M-expressing cells have higher relative activity of de novosynthesis and lower activity of purine salvage due to decreased expression of the purine salvage enzymes. Inhibition of de novo synthesis radiosensitized DMG-H3K27M cells in vitro and in vivo. Irradiated H3K27M cells adaptively upregulate purine salvage enzyme expression and pathway activity. Silencing the rate limiting enzyme in purine salvage, hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT) when combined with radiation markedly suppressed DMG-H3K27M tumor growth in vivo. Conclusions H3K27M expressing cells rely on de novo purine synthesis but adaptively upregulate purine salvage in response to RT. Inhibiting purine salvage may help overcome treatment resistance in DMG-H3K27M tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Caleb Heaslip
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cruz-Gregorio A, Aranda-Rivera AK, Roviello GN, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Targeting Mitochondrial Therapy in the Regulation of HPV Infection and HPV-Related Cancers. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12030402. [PMID: 36986324 PMCID: PMC10054155 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been previously proposed that some types of cancer cells reprogram their metabolic pathways, favoring the metabolism of glucose by aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) instead of oxidative phosphorylation, mainly because the mitochondria of these cells are damaged, thus displaying mitochondrial dysfunction. However, in several cancers, the mitochondria do not exhibit any dysfunction and are also necessary for the tumor’s growth and maintenance. Remarkably, if the mitochondria are dysfunctional, specific processes associated with the release of cytochrome c (cyt c), such as apoptosis, are significantly impaired. In these cases, cellular biotherapies such as mitochondrial transplantation could restore the intrinsic apoptotic processes necessary for the elimination of cancers. On the other hand, if the mitochondria are in good shape, drugs that target the mitochondria are a valid option for treating the related cancers. Famously, the mitochondria are targeted by the human papillomavirus (HPV), and HPV-related cancers depend on the host’s mitochondria for their development and progression. On the other hand, the mitochondria are also important during treatment, such as chemotherapy, since they are key organelles for the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), which significantly increases cell death due to the presence of oxidative stress (OS). In this way, the mitochondria in HPV infection and in the development of HPV-related cancer could be targeted to reduce or eliminate HPV infections or HPV-related cancers. To our knowledge, there was no previous review specifically focusing on this topic, so this work aimed to summarize for the first time the potential use of mitochondria-targeting drugs, providing molecular insights on the main therapeutics developed so far in HPV infection and HPV-related cancer. Thus, we reviewed the mechanisms associated with HPV-related cancers, with their early proteins and mitochondrial apoptosis specifically induced by different compounds or drugs, in which these molecules induce the production of ROS, the activation of proapoptotic proteins, the deactivation of antiapoptotic proteins, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), cyt c release, and the activation of caspases, which are all events which lead to the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. This makes these compounds and drugs potential anticancer therapeutics that target the mitochondria and could be exploited in future biomedical strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Ignacio Chávez National Institute of Cardiology, Juan Badiano No. 1, Colonia Section XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Giovanni N. Roviello
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Italian National Council for Research (IBB-CNR), Area di Ricerca site and Headquarters, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.N.R.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: (G.N.R.); (J.P.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Effect of synbiotic mouthwash on oral mucositis induced by radiotherapy in oral cancer patients: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Support Care Cancer 2022; 31:31. [PMID: 36517616 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07521-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Considering the complex pathobiology of oral mucositis, especially in oral cancer patients, the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in patients undergoing radiotherapy remains an essential and clinically crucial unmet need. The present study aims to investigate and compare the effects of synbiotic mouthwash with normal saline mouthwash on the prevention and control of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis in oral cancer patients. METHODS Double-blind, randomized clinical trial (RCT) performed on 64 oral cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy (IRCT20201106049288N1, registration date: 2020-12-23). Patients were divided randomly into the case (32 subjects) and control (32 subjects) groups. All patients underwent intensity-modulated radiotherapy and received 6000 cGY of radiotherapy in 34 fractions. All patients received the usual treatment for mucositis, but in the case group, synbiotic mouthwash was prescribed and in the control group, normal saline mouthwash was prescribed from a day before the start to the end of radiotherapy treatment. Patients were monitored every session for 6 weeks to check the progression, oral involvement severity, and mucositis grade. RESULTS The case group showed a significant reduction in the oral mucositis severity. The mucositis grade in the case group from the 7th session of oral examination was significantly lower than the control (p < 0.05), and this significant difference persisted until the last session of oral examination. Incidence rates of severe oral mucositis (grade 3) during the treatment period were 11.59% in the case and 36.45% in control (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Synbiotic mouthwash significantly reduces and prevents oral mucositis intensity in oral cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.
Collapse
|
9
|
Miao X, Wang B, Chen K, Ding R, Wu J, Pan Y, Ji P, Ye B, Xiang M. Perspectives of lipid metabolism reprogramming in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: An overview. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1008361. [PMID: 36185215 PMCID: PMC9524856 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1008361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies showed that lipid metabolism reprogramming contributes to tumorigenicity and malignancy by interfering energy production, membrane formation, and signal transduction in cancers. HNSCCs are highly reliant on aerobic glycolysis and glutamine metabolism. However, the mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism reprogramming in HNSCCs remains obscure. The present review summarizes and discusses the “vital” cellular signaling roles of the lipid metabolism reprogramming in HNSCCs. We also address the differences between HNSCCs regions caused by anatomical heterogeneity. We enumerate these recent findings into our current understanding of lipid metabolism reprogramming in HNSCCs and introduce the new and exciting therapeutic implications of targeting the lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwan Miao
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Beilei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaili Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jichang Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peilin Ji
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Mingliang Xiang, ; Bin Ye,
| | - Mingliang Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Mingliang Xiang, ; Bin Ye,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
He L, Liang M, Guo W, Liu J, Yu Y. HOXA1 is a radioresistance marker in multiple cancer types. Front Oncol 2022; 12:965427. [PMID: 36119466 PMCID: PMC9478604 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.965427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an important therapeutic method for patients with cancer. However, radioresistance can cause treatment failure. Thus, there is an urgent need to investigate mechanisms of radioresistance and identity markers that could be used to predict radioresistance and prognosis of post-radiotherapy cancer patients. In the present study, we propose HOXA1 as a candidate biomarker of intrinsic radioresistance in multiple cancer types. By analyzing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we found that HOXA1 was aberrantly upregulated in multiple cancers, and that elevated HOXA1 was significantly associated with poor prognosis of post-radiotherapy head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and low-grade glioma (LGG) patients. Correlation analysis showed that HOXA1 expression was positively correlated with expression of EGFR, CDK6, and CAV1, which have been reported to enhance radioresistance. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that the oxidative phosphorylation gene set was negatively enriched in HOXA1 high-expression samples in both HNSCC and LGG. Moreover, immunohistochemical assays indicated that high HOXA1 expression was significantly correlated with a high recurrence rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after radiotherapy. Further in vitro experiments demonstrated that HOXA1 knockdown markedly attenuated the DNA repair capacity of NPC cells and sensibilized NPC cells to irradiation. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that HOXA1 has potential to be a predictive marker for radioresistance and post-radiotherapy prognosis that could help to guide individualized treatment in multiple cancer types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu He
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Liang
- Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weisheng Guo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinquan Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Yu, ; Jinquan Liu,
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Yu, ; Jinquan Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Aranda-Rivera AK, Cruz-Gregorio A, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Scholze A. Nrf2 Activation in Chronic Kidney Disease: Promises and Pitfalls. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061112. [PMID: 35740009 PMCID: PMC9220138 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protects the cell against oxidative damage. The Nrf2 system comprises a complex network that functions to ensure adequate responses to redox perturbations, but also metabolic demands and cellular stresses. It must be kept within a physiologic activity range. Oxidative stress and alterations in Nrf2-system activity are central for chronic-kidney-disease (CKD) progression and CKD-related morbidity. Activation of the Nrf2 system in CKD is in multiple ways related to inflammation, kidney fibrosis, and mitochondrial and metabolic effects. In human CKD, both endogenous Nrf2 activation and repression exist. The state of the Nrf2 system varies with the cause of kidney disease, comorbidities, stage of CKD, and severity of uremic toxin accumulation and inflammation. An earlier CKD stage, rapid progression of kidney disease, and inflammatory processes are associated with more robust Nrf2-system activation. Advanced CKD is associated with stronger Nrf2-system repression. Nrf2 activation is related to oxidative stress and moderate uremic toxin and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) elevations. Nrf2 repression relates to high uremic toxin and NF-κB concentrations, and may be related to Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)-independent Nrf2 degradation. Furthermore, we review the effects of pharmacological Nrf2 activation by bardoxolone methyl, curcumin, and resveratrol in human CKD and outline strategies for how to adapt future Nrf2-targeted therapies to the requirements of patients with CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.K.A.-R.); (A.C.-G.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.K.A.-R.); (A.C.-G.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratory F-315, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.K.A.-R.); (A.C.-G.); (J.P.-C.)
| | - Alexandra Scholze
- Department of Nephrology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Persistent ferroptosis promotes cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion development and oncogenesis by regulating KRAS expression in patients with high risk-HPV infection. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:201. [PMID: 35422066 PMCID: PMC9010439 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is a type of female cancer that affects millions of families worldwide. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main reason for CSCC formation, and squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) induced by high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection are considered precancerous lesions. A previous study reported that HPV-infected cancer cells were able to counteract lipid peroxidation for survival. Recent research has reported that ferroptosis acts in an iron-dependent lipid peroxidation manner to kill cancer cells, and it is proposed as a new approach for female cancer therapy. Here, we investigated the role of ferroptosis throughout SIL development into CSCC. We found that ferroptosis occurred in SIL, but anti-ferroptosis emerged in CSCC. Our data further indicated that an antiferroptotic effect was formed in response to persistent ferroptosis and then promoted oncogenesis. Altogether, we provide novel insight into ferroptosis in cervical SIL development and suggest a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CSCC.
Collapse
|
13
|
Qiang W, Dai Y, Xing X, Sun X. Identification of a metabolic reprogramming-related signature associated with prognosis and immune microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by in silico analysis. Cancer Med 2022; 11:3168-3181. [PMID: 35301800 PMCID: PMC9385599 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic reprogramming is one of the essential features of tumorigenesis. Herein, this study aimed to develop a novel metabolism‐related gene signature for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. Methods The transcriptomic and clinical data of HNSCC samples were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GSE65858 datasets. The metabolism‐related gene‐based prognostic signature (MRGPS) was constructed by the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model. The time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Kaplan‐Meier (K‐M) survival curves were plotted for evaluating its predicting performance. At the same time, univariate along with multivariate analysis was carried out to explore its correlation with clinicopathologic factors. Furthermore, GSEA analysis was performed to explore the signaling pathways affected by MRGPS. We also analyzed the associations of MRGPS with the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), as well as identified potential compounds via Connectivity Map (CMap) and molecular docking. Results A total of 12 differentially expressed metabolism‐related genes were identified and selected to construct the MRGPS. Notably, this signature performed well in predicting HNSCC patients’ survival and could serve as an independent prognostic factor in multiple datasets. In addition to the metabolism‐related pathway, this signature could also affect some immune‐related pathways. The results indicated that MRGPS is correlated with immune cells infiltration and anti‐cancer immune response. Furthermore, we identified cephaeline as a potential therapeutic compound for HNSCC. Conclusion Taken together, we established an MRGs‐based signature that has the potential to predict the clinical outcome and immune microenvironment, which help to search for potential combination immunotherapy compounds and provide a promising therapeutic strategy for treating HNSCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Qiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine PrescriptionChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yifei Dai
- School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoyan Xing
- Institute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine PrescriptionChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery Based on Classic Chinese Medicine PrescriptionChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cruz-Gregorio A, Aranda-Rivera AK, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Solano JD, Ibarra-Rubio ME. Redox-sensitive signaling pathways in renal cell carcinoma. Biofactors 2022; 48:342-358. [PMID: 34590744 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most lethal urological cancers, highly resistant to chemo and radiotherapy. Obesity and smoking are the best-known risk factors of RCC, both related to oxidative stress presence, suggesting a significant role in RCC development and maintenance. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for localized RCC; however, this neoplasia is hardly diagnosable at its initial stages, occurring commonly in late phases and even when metastasis is already present. Systemic therapies are the option against RCC in these more advanced stages, such as cytokine therapy or a combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors with immunotherapies; nevertheless, these strategies are still insufficient. A field poorly analyzed in this neoplasia is the status of cell signaling pathways sensible to the redox state, which have been associated with the development and maintenance of RCC. This review focuses on alterations reported in the following redox-sensitive molecules and signaling pathways in RCC: mitogen-activated protein kinases, protein kinase B (AKT)/tuberous sclerosis complex 2/mammalian target of rapamycin C1, AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3/β-catenin, nuclear factor κB/inhibitor of κB/epidermal growth factor receptor, and protein kinase Cζ/cut-like homeodomain protein/factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)/HIF as potential targets for redox therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Laboratorio F-225, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José D Solano
- Laboratorio F-225, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Elena Ibarra-Rubio
- Laboratorio F-225, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
O'Connell F, O'Sullivan J. Help or hindrance: The obesity paradox in cancer treatment response. Cancer Lett 2021; 522:269-280. [PMID: 34534616 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a rising epidemic, the influence of which on cancer development, progression as well as its impact on current standard of care cancer treatments is profound with many facets. Obesity is emerging as a modulating factor in many cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and combination therapies. It has been reported to diminish the efficacy of some treatments but has also been alluded to being protective in terms of reduced treatment toxicities, thus the evolution of the obesity paradox. The obese tumour microenvironment influences treatment response through modulation of a series of aspects, including altered adipocyte secretome, angiogenesis, hypoxia, fibrosis, free fatty acid uptake as well as a modulated immune landscape. However, the influence of these underlying mechanisms on cancer treatment response and the biological action of adipose tissue is still largely unknown. Elucidation of these facets may lead to the enhanced efficacy of current treatment options or the identification of novel methods to combat cancer in the obese tumour microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona O'Connell
- Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cruz-Gregorio A, Aranda-Rivera AK, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in human papillomavirus-related cancers. Rev Med Virol 2021; 32:e2308. [PMID: 34694662 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is a necessary cause for the development of cervical cancer. Moreover, HR-HPV is also associated with cancers in the anus, vagina, vulva, penis and oropharynx. HR-HPVs target and modify the function of different cell biomolecules, such as glucose, amino acids, lipids and transcription factors (TF), such as p53, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), among others. The latter is a master TF that maintains redox homeostasis. Nrf2 also induces the transcription of genes associated with cell detoxification. Since both processes are critical for cell physiology, Nrf2 deregulation is associated with cancer development. Nrf2 is a crucial molecule in HPV-related cancer development but underexplored. Moreover, Nrf2 activation is also associated with resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in these cancers. This review focusses on the importance of Nrf2 during HPV-related cancer development, resistance to therapy and potential therapies associated with Nrf2 as a molecular target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Departmento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Departmento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departmento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cruz-Gregorio A, Aranda-Rivera AK, Ortega-Lozano AJ, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Mendoza-Hoffmann F. Lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in HPV-related cancers. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:226-236. [PMID: 34129929 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPVs) are associated with the development of cervical, anus, vagina, vulva, penis, and oropharynx cancer. HR-HPVs target and modify the function of different cell biomolecules such as glucose, amino acids, lipids, among others. The latter induce cell proliferation, cell death evasion, and genomic instability resulting in cell transformation. Moreover, lipids are essential biomolecules in HR-HPVs infection and cell vesicular trafficking. They are also critical in producing cellular energy, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and therapy resistance of HPV-related cancers. HPV proteins induce oxidative stress (OS), which in turn promotes lipid peroxidation and cell damage, resulting in cell death such as apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. HR-HPV-related cancer cells cope with OS and lipid peroxidation, preventing cell death; however, these cells are sensitized by OS, which could be used as a target for redox therapies to induce their elimination. This review focuses on the role of lipids in HR-HPV infection and HPV-related cancer development, maintenance, resistance to therapy, and the possible treatments associated with lipids. Furthermore, we emphasize the significant role of OS in lipid peroxidation to induce cell death through apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis to eliminate HPV-related cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Laboratorio F-225, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
| | - Ariadna Jazmin Ortega-Lozano
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Francisco Mendoza-Hoffmann
- IHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, China; Laboratorio F-206, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Eldridge RC, Uppal K, Hayes DN, Smith MR, Hu X, Qin ZS, Beitler JJ, Miller AH, Wommack EC, Higgins KA, Shin DM, Ulrich BC, Qian DC, Saba NF, Bruner DW, Jones DP, Xiao C. Plasma metabolic phenotypes of HPV-associated vs smoking-associated head and neck cancer and patient survival. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:1858-1866. [PMID: 34376485 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic differences between human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and smoking-associated HNSCC may partially explain differences in prognosis. The former relies on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) while the latter relies on glycolysis. These differences have not been studied in blood. METHODS We extracted metabolites using untargeted liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry from pretreatment plasma in a cohort of 55 HPV-associated and 82 smoking-associated HNSCC subjects. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed metabolites produced pathway-based signatures. Significant pathways (P<0.05) were reduced via principal components analysis and assessed with overall survival via Cox models. We classified each subject as glycolytic or OXPHOS phenotype and assessed it with survival. RESULTS Of 2,410 analyzed metabolites, 191 were differentially expressed. Relative to smoking-associated HNSCC, bile acid biosynthesis (P<0.0001) and octadecatrienoic acid beta-oxidation (P=0.01), were upregulated in HPV-associated HNSCC, while galactose metabolism (P=0.001) and vitamin B6 metabolism (P=0.01) were downregulated; the first two suggest an OXPHOS phenotype while the latter two suggest glycolytic. First principal components of bile acid biosynthesis (HR=0.52 per standard deviation, 95% CI:0.38-0.72, P<0.001) and octadecatrienoic acid beta-oxidation (HR=0.54 per sd, 95% CI:0.38-0.78, P<0.001) were significantly associated with overall survival independent of HPV and smoking. The glycolytic vs OXPHOS phenotype was also independently associated with survival (HR=3.17, 95% CI:1.07-9.35; P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Plasma metabolites related to glycolysis and mitochondrial OXPHOS may be biomarkers of HNSCC patient prognosis independent of HPV or smoking. Future investigations should determine if they predict treatment efficacy. IMPACT Blood metabolomics may be a useful marker to aid HNSCC patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karan Uppal
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University
| | - D Neil Hayes
- Center for Cancer Research, Univeristy of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | - M Ryan Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University
| | - Xin Hu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University
| | - Canhua Xiao
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Monitoring Early Glycolytic Flux Alterations Following Radiotherapy in Cancer and Immune Cells: Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080518. [PMID: 34436459 PMCID: PMC8398834 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in metabolism following radiotherapy affect therapeutic efficacy, although the mechanism underlying such alterations is unclear. A new imaging technique-named dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) carbon-13 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-probes the glycolytic flux in a real-time, dynamic manner. The [1-13C]pyruvate is transported by the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) into cells and converted into [1-13C]lactate by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). To capture the early glycolytic alterations in the irradiated cancer and immune cells, we designed a preliminary DNP 13C-MRI study by using hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate to study human FaDu squamous carcinoma cells, HMC3 microglial cells, and THP-1 monocytes before and after irradiation. The pyruvate-to-lactate conversion rate (kPL [Pyr.]) calculated by kinetic modeling was used to evaluate the metabolic alterations. Western blotting was performed to assess the expressions of LDHA, LDHB, MCT1, and MCT4 proteins. Following irradiation, the pyruvate-to-lactate conversion rates on DNP 13C-MRI were significantly decreased in the FaDu and the HMC3 cells but increased in the THP-1 cells. Western blot analysis confirmed the similar trends in LDHA and LDHB expression levels. In conclusion, DNP 13C-MRI non-invasively captured the different glycolytic alterations among cancer and immune systems in response to irradiation, implying its potential for clinical use in the future.
Collapse
|
20
|
Eichelmann AK, Mayne GC, Chiam K, Due SL, Bastian I, Butz F, Wang T, Sykes PJ, Clemons NJ, Liu DS, Michael MZ, Karapetis CS, Hummel R, Watson DI, Hussey DJ. Mutant p53 Mediates Sensitivity to Cancer Treatment Agents in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma Associated with MicroRNA and SLC7A11 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115547. [PMID: 34074015 PMCID: PMC8197322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 gene mutations occur in 70% of oesophageal adenocarcinomas (OACs). Given the central role of p53 in controlling cellular response to therapy we investigated the role of mutant (mut-) p53 and SLC7A11 in a CRISPR-mediated JH-EsoAd1 TP53 knockout model. Response to 2 Gy irradiation, cisplatin, 5-FU, 4-hydroxytamoxifen, and endoxifen was assessed, followed by a TaqMan OpenArray qPCR screening for differences in miRNA expression. Knockout of mut-p53 resulted in increased chemo- and radioresistance (2 Gy survival fraction: 38% vs. 56%, p < 0.0001) and in altered miRNA expression levels. Target mRNA pathways analyses indicated several potential mechanisms of treatment resistance. SLC7A11 knockdown restored radiosensitivity (2 Gy SF: 46% vs. 73%; p = 0.0239), possibly via enhanced sensitivity to oxidative stress. Pathway analysis of the mRNA targets of differentially expressed miRNAs indicated potential involvement in several pathways associated with apoptosis, ribosomes, and p53 signaling pathways. The data suggest that mut-p53 in JH-EsoAd1, despite being classified as non-functional, has some function related to radio- and chemoresistance. The results also highlight the important role of SLC7A11 in cancer metabolism and redox balance and the influence of p53 on these processes. Inhibition of the SLC7A11-glutathione axis may represent a promising approach to overcome resistance associated with mut-p53.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Eichelmann
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Waldeyerstrasse 1, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.-K.E.); (D.J.H.)
| | - George C. Mayne
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
- Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Karen Chiam
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
| | - Steven L. Due
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
| | - Isabell Bastian
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
| | - Frederike Butz
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
| | - Tingting Wang
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
| | - Pamela J. Sykes
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
| | - Nicholas J. Clemons
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.J.C.); (D.S.L.)
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - David S. Liu
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (N.J.C.); (D.S.L.)
- Department of Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Michael Z. Michael
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Christos S. Karapetis
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Richard Hummel
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany;
| | - David I. Watson
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
- Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Damian J. Hussey
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute—Cancer Program, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (G.C.M.); (K.C.); (S.L.D.); (I.B.); (F.B.); (T.W.); (P.J.S.); (M.Z.M.); (C.S.K.); (D.I.W.)
- Department of Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.-K.E.); (D.J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Neoplastic transformation is reportedly associated with alterations of the potassium transport across plasma and intracellular membranes. These alterations have been identified as crucial elements of the tumourigenic reprogramming of cells. Potassium channels may contribute to cancer initiation, malignant progression and therapy resistance of tumour cells. The book chapter focusses on (oncogenic) potassium channels frequently upregulated in different tumour entities, upstream and downstream signalling of these channels, their contribution to the maintenance of cancer stemness and the formation of an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. In addition, their role in adaptation to tumour hypoxia, metabolic reprogramming, as well as tumour spreading and metastasis is discussed. Finally, we discuss how (oncogenic) potassium channels may confer treatment resistance of tumours against radiation and chemotherapy and thus might be harnessed for new therapy strategies, for instance, by repurposing approved drugs known to target potassium channels.
Collapse
|
22
|
Cruz-Gregorio A, Aranda-Rivera AK. Redox-sensitive signalling pathways regulated by human papillomavirus in HPV-related cancers. Rev Med Virol 2021; 31:e2230. [PMID: 33709497 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) chronic infection is associated with the induction of different HPV-related cancers, such as cervical, anus, vaginal, vulva, penis and oropharynx. HPV-related cancers have been related to oxidative stress (OS), where OS has a significant role in cancer development and maintenance. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for localised HPV-related cancers; however, these malignancies commonly progress to metastasis. In advanced stages, systemic therapies are the best option against HPV-related cancers. These therapies include cytokine therapy or a combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors with immunotherapies. Nevertheless, these strategies are still insufficient. Cell redox-sensitive signalling pathways have been poorly studied, although they have been associated with the development and maintenance of HPV-related cancers. In this review, we analyse the known alterations of the following redox-sensitive molecules and signalling pathways by HR-HPV in HPV-related cancers: MAPKs, Akt/TSC2/mTORC1, Wnt/β-Cat, NFkB/IkB/NOX2, HIF/VHL/VEGF and mitochondrial signalling pathways as potential targets for redox therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Laboratorio F-225, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México City, México
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
MicroRNA Profiling in Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines and Patient Serum Samples Reveals a Role for miR-451a in Radiation Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238898. [PMID: 33255413 PMCID: PMC7727862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many patients with Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma (OAC) do not benefit from chemoradiotherapy treatment due to therapy resistance. To better understand the mechanisms involved in resistance and to find potential biomarkers, we investigated the association of microRNAs, which regulate gene expression, with the response to individual treatments, focusing on radiation. Intrinsic radiation resistance and chemotherapy drug resistance were assessed in eight OAC cell lines, and miRNA expression profiling was performed via TaqMan OpenArray qPCR. miRNAs discovered were either uniquely associated with resistance to radiation, cisplatin, or 5-FU, or were common to two or all three of the treatments. Target mRNA pathway analyses indicated several potential mechanisms of treatment resistance. miRNAs associated with the in vitro treatment responses were then investigated for association with pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in pre-treatment serums of patients with OAC. miR-451a was associated uniquely with resistance to radiation treatment in the cell lines, and with the response to nCRT in patient serums. Inhibition of miR-451a in the radiation resistant OAC cell line OE19 increased radiosensitivity (Survival Fraction 73% vs. 87%, p = 0.0003), and altered RNA expression. Pathway analysis of effected small non-coding RNAs and corresponding mRNA targets suggest potential mechanisms of radiation resistance in OAC.
Collapse
|
24
|
Kirschberg M, Heuser S, Marcuzzi GP, Hufbauer M, Seeger JM, Đukić A, Tomaić V, Majewski S, Wagner S, Wittekindt C, Würdemann N, Klussmann JP, Quaas A, Kashkar H, Akgül B. ATP synthase modulation leads to an increase of spare respiratory capacity in HPV associated cancers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17339. [PMID: 33060693 PMCID: PMC7567072 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal and skin cancers are associated with infections by human papillomaviruses (HPV). The manner how viral oncoproteins hijack the host cell metabolism to meet their own energy demands and how this may contribute to tumorigenesis is poorly understood. We now show that the HPV oncoprotein E7 of HPV8, HPV11 and HPV16 directly interact with the beta subunit of the mitochondrial ATP-synthase (ATP5B), which may therefore represent a conserved feature across different HPV genera. By measuring both glycolytic and mitochondrial activity we observed that the association of E7 with ATP5B was accompanied by reduction of glycolytic activity. Interestingly, there was a drastic increase in spare mitochondrial respiratory capacity in HPV8-E7 and an even more profound increase in HPV16-E7 expressing cells. In addition, we could show that ATP5B levels were unchanged in betaHPV positive skin cancers. However, comparing HPV-positive and HPV-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) we noticed that, while ATP5B expression levels did not correlate with patient overall survival in HPV-negative OPSCC, there was a strong correlation within the HPV16-positive OPSCC patient group. These novel findings provide evidence that HPV targets the host cell energy metabolism important for viral life cycle and HPV-mediated tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kirschberg
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Heuser
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gian Paolo Marcuzzi
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Hufbauer
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Michael Seeger
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene (IMMIH), CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anamaria Đukić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vjekoslav Tomaić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slawomir Majewski
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Claus Wittekindt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nora Würdemann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Peter Klussmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hamid Kashkar
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene (IMMIH), CECAD Research Center, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Baki Akgül
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Cologne, Fürst-Pückler-Str. 56, 50935, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Prognostic Value of the Overexpression of Fatty Acid Metabolism-Related Enzymes in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186851. [PMID: 32961983 PMCID: PMC7559281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of cellular energy metabolism, such as lipid metabolism, is a hallmark of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). However, whether protein expression related to fatty acid oxidation (FAO) affects survival in SCCHN remains unclear. We aimed to investigate FAO-related enzyme expression and determine its correlation with clinicopathological variables in SCCHN patients. Immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) of FAO-related protein expression, including carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family, and fatty acid synthase (FAS), was performed using tissue microarrays from 102 resected SCCHN tumors. Expressions were categorized according to IHC scores, and the statistical association with clinicopathological factors was determined. Moderate-to-high expression of long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD) had a protective role against cancer-related death (adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 0.2; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.05–0.87) after covariate adjustment. Age and clinical stage remained independent predictors of survival (adjusted HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.22–2.49 for age; adjusted HR, 14.33; 95% CI, 1.89–108.60 for stage III/IV disease). Overexpression of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and FAS correlated with advanced tumor stage (T3/T4); however, none of these factors were independent predictors of survival. Several FAO-related enzymes were upregulated and LCAD overexpression had a protective effect on overall survival in advanced SCCHN patients. FAO-related-enzyme expression might have a prognostic impact on survival outcomes in SCCHN.
Collapse
|
26
|
Aranda-Rivera AK, Cruz-Gregorio A, Briones-Herrera A, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Regulation of autophagy by high- and low-risk human papillomaviruses. Rev Med Virol 2020; 31:e2169. [PMID: 33590566 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
While high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is related to the development of cervical, vulvar, anal, penile and oropharyngeal cancer, low-risk human papillomavirus (LR-HPV) infection is implicated in about 90% of genital warts, which rarely progress to cancer. The carcinogenic role of HR-HPV is due to the overexpression of HPV E5, E6 and E7 oncoproteins which target and modify cellular proteins implicated in cell proliferation, apoptosis and immortalization. LR-HPV proteins also target and modify some of these processes; however, their oncogenic potential is lower than that of HR-HPV. HR-HPVs have substantial differences with LR-HPVs such as viral integration into the cell genome, induction of p53 and retinoblastoma protein degradation, alternative splicing in HR-HPV E6-E7 open reading frames, among others. In addition, LR-HPV can activate the autophagy process in infected cells while HR-HPV infection deactivates it. However, in cancer HR-HPV might reactivate autophagy in advance stages. Autophagy is a catabolic process that maintains cell homoeostasis by lysosomal degradation and recycling of damaged macromolecules and organelles; nevertheless, depending upon cellular context autophagy may also induce cell death. Therefore, autophagy can contribute either as a promotor or as a suppressor of tumours. In this review, we focus on the role of HR-HPV and LR-HPV in autophagy during viral infection and cancer development. Additionally, we review key regulatory molecules such as microRNAs in HPV present during autophagy, and we emphasize the potential use of cancer treatments associated with autophagy in HPV-related cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Laboratorio 315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, México
| | - Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Laboratorio 225, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Alfredo Briones-Herrera
- Laboratorio 315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México.,Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, México
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratorio 315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Chandel V, Raj S, Kumar P, Gupta S, Dhasmana A, Kesari KK, Ruokolainen J, Mehra P, Das BC, Kamal MA, Kumar D. Metabolic regulation in HPV associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Life Sci 2020; 258:118236. [PMID: 32795537 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit distinct energy metabolic pathways due to multiple oncogenic events. In normoxia condition, the anaerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) is highly observed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HNSCC is associated with smoking, chewing tobacco, consumption of alcohol or Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection primarily HPV16. In recent years, the correlation of HPV with HNSCC has significantly expanded. Despite the recent advancement in therapeutic approaches, the rate of HPV infected HNSCC has significantly increased in the last few years, specifically, in lower middle-income countries. The oncoproteins of High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV), E6 and E7, alter the metabolic phenotype in HNSCC, which is distinct from non-HPV associated HNSCC. These oncoproteins, modulate the cell cycle and metabolic signalling through interacting with tumor suppressor proteins, p53 and pRb. Since, metabolic alteration represents a major hallmark for tumorigenesis, HPV acts as a source of biomarker linked to cancer progression in HNSCC. The dependency of cancer cells to specific nutrients and alteration of various metabolic associated genes may provide a unique opportunity for pharmacological intervention in HPV infected HNSCC. In this review, we have discussed the molecular mechanism (s) and metabolic regulation in HNSCC depending on the HPV status. We have also discussed the possible potential therapeutic approaches for HPV associated HNSCC through targeting metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Chandel
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Sibi Raj
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Shilpi Gupta
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Anupam Dhasmana
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Swami Ram Nagar, Jolly Grant, Doiwala, Dehradun 248016, India; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX, USA
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo 02150, Finland
| | - Pravesh Mehra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhudev C Das
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, NSW, Australia
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University UttarPradesh, Sec 125, Noida 201303, India.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Feng H, Zhong L, Yang X, Wan Q, Pei X, Wang J. Development and validation of prognostic index based on autophagy-related genes in patient with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:59. [PMID: 32695478 PMCID: PMC7360573 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00294-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, accounting for almost 50% of all malignancies in developing nations. Autophagy plays a vital role in cancer initiation, malignant progression, and resistance to treatment. However, autophagy-related gene sets have rarely been analyzed in HNSCC. Hence, it is necessary to assess its clinical and pathological significance in a larger cohort of patients with HNSCC. The purpose of this study was to establish a novel autophagy-related prognostic marker for HNSCC. We screened 232 autophagy-related genes (ARGs) and identified 38 differentially expressed ARGs in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts. The prognosis-related ARGs signature, established using the univariate and multivariate Cox proportional regression models, consists of 10 ARGs that could divide patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. Survival analysis indicated that patients in the high-risk group had dramatically shorter overall survival compared with their low-risk counterparts. Cox regression analysis further confirmed the independent prognostic value of the autophagy-related signature, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the combined prognostic model was 0.722. Finally, the efficacy of autophagy-related signature was also validated by an independent cohort from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Collectively, we successfully constructed a novel autophagy-related signature for the prediction of prognosis in patients with HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Linna Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Xiangjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Qianbing Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Xibo Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chengdu, 610041 China
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cruz-Gregorio A, Aranda-Rivera AK, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Human Papillomavirus-related Cancers and Mitochondria. Virus Res 2020; 286:198016. [PMID: 32445871 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although it has been established that persistent infection with high risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the main cause in the development of cervical cancer, the HR-HPV infection is also related with the cause of a significant fraction of other human malignancies from the mucosal squamous epithelial such as anus, vagina, vulva, penis and oropharynx. HR-HPV infection induces cell proliferation, cell death evasion and genomic instability resulting in cell transformation, due to HPV proteins, which target and modify the function of differents cell molecules and organelles, such as mitochondria. Mitochondria are essential in the production of the cellular energy by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), in the metabolism of nucleotides, aminoacids (aa), and fatty acids, even in the regulation of cell death processes such as apoptosis or mitophagy. Thus, mitochondria have a significant role in the HPV-related cancer development. This review focuses on the role of HPV and mitochondria in HPV-related cancer development, and treatments associated to mitochondrial apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Cruz-Gregorio
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology Department, Laboratories F-225, National Autonomous University of Mexico, CDMX, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Ana Karina Aranda-Rivera
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology Department, Laboratories F-315, National Autonomous University of Mexico, CDMX, 04510, Mexico; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biology Department, Laboratories F-315, National Autonomous University of Mexico, CDMX, 04510, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Durrani S, Al-Dhahari S, Sebeih H, Wani T, Al Qahatani K, Heena H. Clinical characteristics of head and neck cancers at a tertiary care hospital. POPULATION MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.18332/popmed/120072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
31
|
Grasso D, Medeiros HCD, Zampieri LX, Bol V, Danhier P, van Gisbergen MW, Bouzin C, Brusa D, Grégoire V, Smeets H, Stassen APM, Dubois LJ, Lambin P, Dutreix M, Sonveaux P. Fitter Mitochondria Are Associated With Radioresistance in Human Head and Neck SQD9 Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:263. [PMID: 32231567 PMCID: PMC7082361 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) commonly involves chemoradiotherapy, but recurrences often occur that are associated with radioresistance. Using human SQD9 laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cancer cells as a model, we aimed to identify metabolic changes associated with acquired radioresistance. In a top-down approach, matched radiosensitive and radioresistant SQD9 cells were generated and metabolically compared, focusing on glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and ROS production. The cell cycle, clonogenicity, tumor growth in mice and DNA damage-repair were assessed. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was sequenced. In a bottom-up approach, matched glycolytic and oxidative SQD9 cells were generated using FACS-sorting, and tested for their radiosensitivity/radioresistance. We found that acquired radioresistance is associated with a shift from a glycolytic to a more oxidative metabolism in SQD9 cells. The opposite was also true, as the most oxidative fraction isolated from SQD9 wild-type cells was also more radioresistant than the most glycolytic fraction. However, neither reduced hexokinase expression nor OXPHOS were directly responsible for the radioresistant phenotype. Radiosensitive and radioresistant cells had similar proliferation rates and were equally efficient for ATP production. They were equally sensitive to redox stress and had similar DNA damage repair, but radioresistant cells had an increased number of mitochondria and a higher mtDNA content. Thus, an oxidative switch is associated with but is not responsible for acquired radioresistance in human SQD9 cells. In radioresistant cells, more abundant and fitter mitochondria could help to preserve mitochondrial functions upon irradiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debora Grasso
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hyllana C D Medeiros
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.,Federal University of ABC - Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luca X Zampieri
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vanesa Bol
- Pole of Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIRO), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Danhier
- Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies (NEST) Platform, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marike W van Gisbergen
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Davide Brusa
- IREC Flow Cytometry and Cell Sorting Platform, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Grégoire
- Pole of Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIRO), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Hubert Smeets
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology - GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Alphons P M Stassen
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology - GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ludwig J Dubois
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Marie Dutreix
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3347, INSERM U1021, Paris-Sud University, Orsay, France
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sisakht M, Darabian M, Mahmoodzadeh A, Bazi A, Shafiee SM, Mokarram P, Khoshdel Z. The role of radiation induced oxidative stress as a regulator of radio-adaptive responses. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:561-576. [PMID: 31976798 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1721597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Various sources of radiation including radiofrequency, electromagnetic radiation (EMR), low- dose X-radiation, low-level microwave radiation and ionizing radiation (IR) are indispensable parts of modern life. In the current review, we discussed the adaptive responses of biological systems to radiation with a focus on the impacts of radiation-induced oxidative stress (RIOS) and its molecular downstream signaling pathways.Materials and methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Keywords included Mesh terms of "radiation," "electromagnetic radiation," "adaptive immunity," "oxidative stress," and "immune checkpoints." Manuscripts published up until December 2019 were included.Results: RIOS induces various molecular adaptors connected with adaptive responses in radiation exposed cells. One of these adaptors includes p53 which promotes various cellular signaling pathways. RIOS also activates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway by depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential and activating the caspase apoptotic cascade. RIOS is also involved in radiation-induced proliferative responses through interaction with mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPks) including p38 MAPK, ERK, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Protein kinase B (Akt)/phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway has also been reported to be involved in RIOS-induced proliferative responses. Furthermore, RIOS promotes genetic instability by introducing DNA structural and epigenetic alterations, as well as attenuating DNA repair mechanisms. Inflammatory transcription factors including macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) paly major role in RIOS-induced inflammation.Conclusion: In conclusion, RIOS considerably contributes to radiation induced adaptive responses. Other possible molecular adaptors modulating RIOS-induced responses are yet to be divulged in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Sisakht
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Darabian
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Mahmoodzadeh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Bazi
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Sayed Mohammad Shafiee
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Khoshdel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
|
34
|
mTOR-Mediated Antioxidant Activation in Solid Tumor Radioresistance. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:5956867. [PMID: 31929797 PMCID: PMC6942807 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5956867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is widely used for the treatment of cancer patients, but tumor radioresistance presents serious therapy challenges. Tumor radioresistance is closely related to high levels of mTOR signaling in tumor tissues. Therefore, targeting the mTOR pathway might be a strategy to promote solid tumor sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Radioresistance is associated with enhanced antioxidant mechanisms in cancer cells. Therefore, examination of the relationship between mTOR signaling and antioxidant mechanism-linked radioresistance is required for effective radiotherapy. In particular, the effect of mTOR signaling on antioxidant glutathione induction by the Keap1-NRF2-xCT pathway is described in this review. This review is expected to assist in the identification of therapeutic adjuvants to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy.
Collapse
|
35
|
Borgatti A, Dickerson EB, Lawrence J. Emerging therapeutic approaches for canine sarcomas: Pushing the boundaries beyond the conventional. Vet Comp Oncol 2019; 18:9-24. [PMID: 31749286 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sarcomas represent a group of genomically chaotic, highly heterogenous tumours of mesenchymal origin with variable mutational load. Conventional therapy with surgery and radiation therapy is effective for managing small, low-grade sarcomas and remains the standard therapeutic approach. For advanced, high-grade, recurrent, or metastatic sarcomas, systemic chemotherapy provides minimal benefit, therefore, there is a drive to develop novel approaches. The discovery of "Coley's toxins" in the 19th century, and their use to stimulate the immune system supported the application of unconventional therapies for the treatment of sarcomas. While promising, this initial work was abandoned and treatment paradigm and disease course of sarcomas was largely unchanged for several decades. Exciting new therapies are currently changing treatment algorithms for advanced carcinomas and melanomas, and similar approaches are being applied to advance the field of sarcoma research. Recent discoveries in subtype-specific cancer biology and the identification of distinct molecular targets have led to the development of promising targeted strategies with remarkable potential to change the landscape of sarcoma therapy in dogs. The purpose of this review article is to describe the current standard of care and limitations as well as emerging approaches for sarcoma therapy that span many of the most active paradigms in oncologic research, including immunotherapies, checkpoint inhibitors, and drugs capable of cellular metabolic reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Borgatti
- Animal Cancer Care and Research (ACCR) Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Clinical Investigation Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - Erin B Dickerson
- Animal Cancer Care and Research (ACCR) Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jessica Lawrence
- Animal Cancer Care and Research (ACCR) Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
E6 Oncoproteins from High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Induce Mitochondrial Metabolism in a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Model. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080351. [PMID: 31398842 PMCID: PMC6722992 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells that are positive for human papillomavirus (HPV+) favor mitochondrial metabolism rather than glucose metabolism. However, the involvement of mitochondrial metabolism in HNSCC HPV+ cells is still unknown. The aim of this work was to evaluate the role of E6 oncoproteins from HPV16 and HPV18 in the mitochondrial metabolism in an HNSCC model. We found that E6 from both viral types abates the phosphorylation of protein kinase B-serine 473 (pAkt), which is associated with a shift in mitochondrial metabolism. E6 oncoproteins increased the levels of protein subunits of mitochondrial complexes (I to IV), as well as the ATP synthase and the protein levels of the voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC). Although E6 proteins increased the basal and leak respiration, the ATP-linked respiration was not affected, which resulted in mitochondrial decoupling. This increase in leak respiration was associated to the induction of oxidative stress (OS) in cells expressing E6, as it was observed by the fall in the glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) rate and the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), carbonylated proteins, and DNA damage. Taken together, our results suggest that E6 oncoproteins from HPV16 and HPV18 are inducers of mitochondrial metabolism.
Collapse
|
37
|
Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection and the Association with Survival in Saudi Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060820. [PMID: 31200489 PMCID: PMC6627701 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) shows wide disparities, association with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and prognosis. We aimed at determining HPV prevalence, and its prognostic association with overall survival (OS) in Saudi HNSCC patients. The study included 285 oropharyngeal and oral-cavity HNSCC patients. HPV was detected using HPV Linear-Array and RealLine HPV-HCR. In addition, p16INK4a (p16) protein overexpression was evaluated in 50 representative cases. Oropharyngeal cancers were infrequent (10%) compared to oral-cavity cancers (90%) with no gender differences. Overall, HPV-DNA was positive in 10 HNSCC cases (3.5%), mostly oropharyngeal (21%). However, p16 expression was positive in 21 cases of the 50 studied (42%) and showed significantly higher OS (p = 0.02). Kaplan–Meier univariate analysis showed significant associations between patients’ OS and age (p < 0.001), smoking (p = 0.02), and tumor stage (p < 0.001). A Cox proportional hazard multivariate analysis confirmed the significant associations with age, tumor stage, and also treatment (p < 0.01). In conclusion, HPV-DNA prevalence was significantly lower in our HNSCC patients than worldwide 32–36% estimates (p ≤ 0.001). Although infrequent, oropharyngeal cancer increased over years and showed 21% HPV-DNA positivity, which is close to the worldwide 36–46% estimates (p = 0.16). Besides age, smoking, tumor stage, and treatment, HPV/p16 status was an important determinant of patients’ survival. The HPV and/or p16 positivity patients had a better OS than HPV/p16 double-negative patients (p = 0.05). Thus, HPV/p16 status helps improve prognosis by distinguishing between the more favorable p16/HPV positive and the less favorable double-negative tumors.
Collapse
|